kitab13

SiTMB7AM

^sjasiBNiTililjSS

ievifm

URDU TO ENGLISH

Compiled bv

PROF. BASHIR
AHMAD QURESHI

Revised &

enlarged bv

Dr. Abdul Haq

STANDARD
TWENTY FIRST
CENTURY
DICTIONARY

URDU INTO ENGLISH

OVER 50,000 WORDS, PHRASES AND PROVERBS
USED IN SPOKEN AND LITERARY URDU
WITH

COPIOUS GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS

COMPILED BY ^ ,

PROF. BASHIR AHMAD QURESHI

WITH A FOREWORD BY
PROF GOPI CHAND NARANG

Revised and enlarged by

Dr. ABDUL HAQ

Educational Publishing House

3108, Vakil Street, Kucha Pandit, Lai kuan, Delhi- 6 (INDIA)

Ph: 23214465, 23216162 Fax: 91-011-23211540

E-mail: ephdelhi@yahoo.com

© Reserved

No Part of this Book may be reproduced in Original or
translation without explicit permission of publishers in
whom its copyright fully vests.

Edition 2003

ISBN 81-85360-38-3

Price

Rs. 180/-

Published by:

educational PuMidunq Home

31 08, Vakil Street, Kucha Pandit, Lai Kuan, Delhi-6 (India)

Ph: 23214465, 23216162 Fax: 91-011-23211540
E-mail: ephdelhi@yahoo.com

T0 c R c E c Tp<DT?f)

BY

Prof - Gopi Chand Marang

Heady Dept, of Urdu °

&

Dean, Faculty of Humanities and Languages
Jamia Millia Islamia

Th« nnKr Jan iia Millia Islamia

Si

scholars working On the etvm«i«„" *. ater th,s monumental work became , wl . lrk,sh sources
by Baha-e-Urtu, MiulvFffln g H aI S ° U / ces of th * lexical terms Th cne >t **

»wiarSS?' tl --s3S.

Jathia Millia Islamia

Dumber 13. 1980 (IW) Copi 0, Md N „, n|

BY

Dr. S.M. Abdullah, M.A.,D. Litt.

General Secretary, West Pakistan Urdu Academy; Chairman, Department of Urdu Encyclopaedia,
University of the Punjab; Formerly Principal and Head of the Deparment of Urdu, University
Oriental College, Lahore.

The present Standard Urdu-English Dictionary compiled by Prof. Bashir Ahmad Qureshi
is decidedly an advance on the previous lexicographical works of this nature. The author has already
won fame and distinction by producing an equally valuable English-Urdu Dictionary which is
perhaps; the best practical reference book in its own field.

In the present dictionary, the author has taken great pains to indicate accent. He has also
endeavoured to guide the reader in exact pronunciation. For instance, we find highly accurate
transliteration of some extremely difficult phonetic complexities, rendered intelligible to an ordinary
reader— -especially the foreign reader — by means of a well-thought-out system. Some such words as
and are often difficult to be pronounced ^correctly by a foreign learner because in

the original language (t^., Arabic), the first alif is whereas in Urdu, in spite of its being

jy** it is pronounced somewhat differently, with the result that in the interest of accuracy the
author had to transliterate these, as eh tiram and ehtiraz, instead of ihtiram and ihtiraz which
do not correspond with the spoken form. .

/• « 4

Similarly, we have the Persian word which is neither j—sf nor -<*—'£✓ but midway

between the two forms — and it was extremely difficult for the compiler to reproduce it in its pure
accuracy except as shaih'r. This seems to be correct because, the common transliteration shehr
too is not in correspondence with the spoken form.

These instances would amply indicate the intricacies of the problems facing the author of
this dictionary

Prof. Bashir Ahmad Qureshi has incorporated quite a large number of new words drawn form
English and other foreign languages. These words now form a part of the Urdu language and
deserve a place in such a compilation. The number of such words is larger in this dictionary than in
any other compilation of the same nature.

In my opinion, the present work is a great achievement and will be found extremely helpful in
spreading the Urdu language in the English-speaking countries. It would also be of great help to all
those, in Pakistan as well as abroad, who are called upon to undertake the work of translation from
Urdu into English.

West Pakistan Urdu Academy,
Lahore.

S. M. Abdullah

PREFACE

The cultural - cum - national language of the Islamic State of Pakistan has long
deserved a much less shabby lexicographic treatment than a mere-reprint of Platts’ outdated
dictionary (issued recently) or a plethora of publications based on it. This is the raison
d’etre of Kitabistan's 20th-Century Standard Urdu-English Dictionary now being offered
to the public.

This is a dictionary with a difference in that it makes a truly linguistic approach to Urdu lexico-
graphy. It comprises well over half a lakh words, phrases and proverbs one most frequently comes
across in one’s contact with people or literature today. These are explained in various nuances and
their modem English renderings are set out in all accuracy. All this makes the present compilation
profitable for the common reader, illuminating for the foreign learner and indispensable for the
student who is called upon to translate passages into English as an essential part of the examinatons.

The transliteration system adopted for indicating the pronunciation of Urdu words in this
dictionary is based on principles which are by and larg accepted by modem Orientalists. It has the
added advantage of being akin to the Roman Urdu script used for army education in this sub-
continent over the past few generations.

A special feature erf this work is the indication of accent in the pronunciation of Urdu
words. This is not just an innovation. The attempt was first made by Dr. Fallon and his talented
team, in New Hindustani-English Dictionary but has been overlooked by compilers ever since, resul-
ting in ludicrous phonetic errors by foreign speakers of the language. The present work which owes a
lot to that epoch-making lexicon as well as to Farhang-i-Asafiyyah and Nur-ul-Lughat, revives the
unique feature in addition to presenting many new ones.

Preference in vocabulary, idiom and pronunciation in this compilation is given mainly to the
Western dialect of Urdu which is cognate with the various regional languages of the sub-continent.

A word about etymological notes on various entries in this dictionary. For headwords of Arabic
origin^ the Urdu form closest to the Arabic root is given as being more serviceable and revealing to
the ordinary Student of Urdu than the Arabic root itself. English derivatives are not traced further
beyond, save when of special interest. Other languages of origin are indicated at relevant places.
Where, however, the derivation is not given, the word must be considered to be purely Urdu in
origin.

The unprecedented reception accorded to this compilation has now encouraged the
publisher to bring out this edition on photo blocks with the Urdu entries in nasta’liq script rather
than naskh type. That should serve to make it still more presentable.

Bashir A ‘Qureshi’

ABBREVIATIONS
Following abbreviations have been used

A

Arabic

Math

ABB.

abbreviation

N.

&

and

nurs.

arch.

archaic

occ.

cA\rs.

causative

ONO.

col.

colloquial

OPP.

COZJ.

conjunction

p

CON i.

contraction

PH.

CORK.

corruption

PL.

deprec.

deprecatory

Por.

derog.

derogatory

pr.

dial-

dialect

PR EC

dim.

diminutive

PREF.

E

English

PRON.

euph.

euphemism

PROV.

F.

feminine

R

fig-

figurative

rare.

FOL.

following

S

G

Greek

SING.

H

Hebrew

SUF.

H.

Hindu

T.

1

intransitive

T.

IMP.

imperative

USU.

1NT.

interjection

V.

iron.

ironical

W.

joc.

jocose

★.

lit.

literary

CA

M.

masculine

in this book :

mathematics

noun

nursery

occasionally

onomatopoeic

opposite

Persian

phrase

plural .

Portuguese

pronounced

preceding

prefix

pronoun

proverb

Russian

rare(ly)

Sanskrit

singular

suffix

Turkish/Tartar

transitive

usual(ly),

verb

women’s

which please look up
derived from

PRONUNCIATION & TRANSLITERATION

Pronunciation has been indicated by the following transliteration symbols :

Vowels

a

ct t

u

\jt sh

U n

/ i

& s

if s

y v

9 U.

& j

& z

• h

1 a

& c M

* t

f ,

<£— 1 e

l h

S* z

(S i

| ai

t hb

t ‘

& T

J d

b gh

L\&t)h

Jl o

J»

J d

*

^ f 1

jaPiifl.

J

jl 00

•

) z

■

0 q

Jl au

J r

l/ k

■

Consonants :

h. r

J g

Accent :

^ b
•

J z

0 i

The minute sign
(') is placed im-

L-> p ,

V '

A

J zh

r *

mediately after
every stressed

C/ i

</ 5

U n

syllable to de-

note accent.

NOTE : The various letters have been given their Urdu (as dis
tinct from Arabic) sound values.

STANDARD

TWENTIETH

CENTURY

DICTIONARY

URDU INTO ENGLISH

jpeancxxxiecttxttx

i^yn

xtatxxtoaaaaBtm

< a'lif vowel first letter of Urdu alphabet
I (equivalent to English a) initially used

as carrier for another alif or mad, as '| , I a ,
for tabor, as ) a , for ter, as 1 1 ; for pn± as | u

medially and finally used to indicate a (Js
(in jummal reckoning ) 1 ; one.

•T/i vowel (called a'lif~e^mavidoo'dah) repre-
' sents a v.i. {imp. of 1*1 v.t. -fr)
t'T’a int. sound uttered for modulating voice
' in vocal music or recitation "f < a a int.
yfdb n.m. (rare) water n>. polish
• lustre or water (of gems) temper

; of steel) edge or sharpness (of sword, etc.)

splendour ; elegcnce dignity ; honour,
t/v' lsi d'b d'b kar'na v.t put to shame
Ifc-A ab ho' nay A ^ blush be thoroughly I
ashamed i^j&'tislab-e a' tasli iahg,j^\us\ib-e
ataslnn' h m. wine ab a mad

tayam mum barkhdst' pit. lesser^ things make
room for greater ones flelwlai djjt'rtd
v.t. shine get polished
S ban tab n.m. ^water in which ateej^ is
tempered d^f^lab-t ai'nah n.f., ' i i'b

Utar'na v.t. lose^lustre or polish ; fade
lose honour '^’j'j^lab-t arghavaiA n.m. (fig.)
wine nOi^sfab-e istadqh n.m. still water
stagnant waters ab-e^ baqa n.m.
nectar water oflife y^l^la-be ah mar n.m« v
(fig.) wine j^h-Jtab-t ahgaor' n.m. wineJkAj'i
3b~t infe'al' n.m. sweat caused, by shame, bash-
fulness or remorse c-f'-'t tib-f bti'rah n.m
Taio-watcr baf'iah n.m. (lit.) ice,

frozen water i d p bigar ni v.t, loose

lustre be disgraced (/b}Ji6b-pa\h n.m. (rare)
watering can^Jv'lfli-pa (arch.) n.f. tm-
gatlon I'Jtf'iiLslhb-pd'thi kar'na v.t. water
irrigate (land) usfykt ab-pa^sln ho'na v.t.

be watered ; br irrigated mb' n r.

(col.) splendour lustre c-'l db-t tnl'kh

n.m. (fig.) tears wine tfjtfL-'lab-t jairi
n.m. running water ^rivulet jf.Ysb'-joo n.f
streamlet , runnelt/'/w'laft-jort n.m, (arch,)
soupCI*‘%*? / fdb charha'na v.T. burnish
polish f^LfXdb-t (h.atji'm n.m. teanf'b’Vi ib-t
k n ram n.m. wine; liquor us/sZsIib-t ha£ral
n.m. wistfulncss remorse tS-tfUi ib e
hayst' ; Jij^Tdb-r ha^oak (ped. -hdytoan )
n.m. name’ of a fabulous spring water of
life ; water of immortality ; nectar^Uw'l ab-t
khas'sah n.m. (arch.) drinking water set apart
for royalty, etc.. wlsfr-kfciiWA n.m watet
repository ab-t khijalrtl N.F sweat

caused by shame,’ bashfulness or remorse tj/J
ab'khoteh n.m. earthenware cup V/ft-jf
ab'khvrr bhnr'vu v.r fill earthenware cup*
with cold drink as an offering , make an offer-
ing of cold drinks % uJtdb' -khti ^n .m . & aOj.
(land) with high water-table jl>f ib'dir n,m,
butler on* in t arge Of drinking water
ad|. ■ • lustrous . polished ; burnished * (of
gent) of high watet . iustrouS ■ well-temper-
ed (steel) sharp (sword) * kJSj *>t bb'dar
kha mbnn. ^repository of drinking water
j, cclia^# ! pb da nab n m (col.) . joh
employment * means of subsistance lot
destiny *£<*1 ah -dau n .m. water lbi washing
• anus and hands after evacuation laving
water l^j^uTab'-dasi It'na v.t. wash ones
anus , lave dtit'iih n,m lustre or

polish^of teeth c ft*^lab-e dahari n.m. saliva
#>> ) ab-di'dah adj. tearful atv in tears;
•weeping tyojojil ab-di'dah ho'na v.l. be in,
tears ; shed tears , have tears in the eyes
1 ‘/ab-dtdak kar'na v.t bring tears to (some^
one’s) eyes ; cause (someone) to weep <si
3 b dt'na v i. temper (steel) burnish
polish raih'mat N.m. (fig.) rain;

much-needed rain salvation ; deliverance ;
divine mercy 1 ab-rez n.f spoon for
pouring water into, inkpot place where
water falls (JbJ^fub-e rava'fi n.m. run-,
ning water (arch.) lawn ; fine muslinyyw'/
ob-e zar' n.m gold water , liquid gold
u\q£i£-ab-e zar' se likk'ne kt qa'bil ph. golden,
ab-e zutai n.m. pure clear water^vL/|
ab-e zam’ zam n m water of the sacred Meccan
well, Zam Zam ^'/iab'-zfln n.m medieinal
bath l ’ftf'S.I ab'-zan kar’na^y.r give (some-
one) medicinal bath ab-e shor' n.m.

salt water sea A water ‘ ish'rat

n.m. (fig.) wine i/Tfab -kash n.m. (arch.)
water-carrier drawer of water 'ab-e

kau’sar n.m. water of the heavenly river,
Kaus&r v nectar ; water of life /Ji f ab-
giZar' n.m (rare) watercourse ffi-s\zb-e gat’m
n.m. hot water warm water 'jj^L/fab-e
gulgoofi ' N.M. (fig.) red wine C2?/L'Tab-e gosh’t
n.m (rare) soup gravy oJjab'-gooft
adj »" azure burnished f ab-gir n.m.

(arch.) reservoir (jf. Tab' -gift adj. (of eyes)
watery , tearful i^fab-e-mlqatftar nj t. dis-
tilled water ab-e nada mat n.m. sweat

caused by sh*me or remorse oAfZftj/ojojo" w/
36 na-dfdah mau'zah kasHi'dah ph. too
-crapulous over-cautious e^i^'fab-i-nitq 1 rah
n.m. quicksilver , mercury £^J/(a b-nai' n.f.
bowl pipe of hookah tab, (col.

‘r'^T "Tab tab') N.F splendour lustre >4

if a! b-o-khir n.m. food and drink
lj^3' b-o-khir baram ho'na v.i. be greatly
worried be too, preoccupied yb) ^lab-u
d&'nah (col. y /*<_✓/ ai> danah) n.m, job
means of subsistence lot \i£fi^\jji^Tab-o-
di'nah uth'nd v.i. (of means livelihood)'
end be transferred (from, a place) be
about to die jj; if I ab-o da'ne ka zor'^
ph. fate , drift of circumstances •r'l
ib-o-da ve ka got ho’ndy.i. be driven by fate

01 by means of livelihood ' I ab-o-ratig

n.m. lustre, freshness or vitality (of face, etc.)
if t uffab-o-gil' n.m. £ nature (of man, etc.)

human bgdy matter (rare) mud ,
slush ijf t » *-? iab-o-hava n.f. climate

l) ab-o-hava' badal'na (or tabdil' kar'na)
v.i. " have a change of _ climate go^to a

health resort I’titJ &b-o-

hav a ras' (or mo'a'-fiq ) (no) ana v.i (of
climate) (not) to agree jfa' bi ADj
zb-yz'n n.f. watering ; ' irrigation fjfjjif
ab-ya ri kar'na v.t. water . irrigate [P]

j Taba' n.m, pl. ancestors ; forefathers jljglfl <
j ’ aba" -o-ajdad' n.M. pl. -^ancestors family
lineage .; ancestry yf’^^llaba-e sjtaih'r
n.m. city fathers (/Jt^lTaba'e'-ul'vi n.m pl
(fig.) seven planets ; planets of the solai sys-
tem 1 } f / abz"i adj. paternal ancestral -
hereditary [A - sing.wI father]
t*f abad' adj. populated tarea) culti-

2 » * vated (land) thriving, prosperous
happy suf borough ; colony , town
ubad'-kar n.m. settler ; colonizer pioneer

colonialist cultivator ;^pne cultivating

uncommanded land absd-ka'ri n f

colopization settlement , rehabilitation

(SJWt \ Bfnizs'm-e abad^ka'ri wx. colonialism
colonial system tyjjUab&d' raih'na v.i. con-
tinue to prosper ; thrive (,’fjb'f abad kar'na
v.t. settle; colonize ‘make (place)
habitable populate bring uncommanded
land under the plough I'jT jlT^ ghar abad'
kar'na v.t. get married * marry if

abad' ho'na v.i. prosper be, colonized *
live happily with husband lyf) a bada'ni n.f.
(arch.) being inhabited prosperity tfjlT

aba'di n.f. population inhabitants (of

an area) habitation prosperity C>ljtf
ftbadiyXal n.f. demography tf ibadiyya’k
adj. demographic [P]

» jf'ab'roo n.f. honour prestige cha-
'*'♦ ' racter fame fo/.T'

ah' -roo vtar'na (or bigafna Or lena) dis-
grace ; defame ; dishonour rape ; ratish ;
violate the chastity (of) ^^fjJ.iab'roo b&chdtna

v.t. & 1. safeguard (one's or someone’s)
honour 'roo bakhsh'na v.r. confcr

honour (on) honour ab'roo

kfrak nun mila'na, v.t disgrace defame;

3

VL

blander ruin (someone’s) character tjfJlrjS I
Cbab'roo kkak mth mil'na v.i. be disgraced
have one’s character ruined
db'roo barh'rta v.i. (of someone) have greater
honour ; gain more honour l‘ls,jjTab'roo
banana v.i. build up (one’s) prestige
cam a good name for ^oneself) I'fcfJVjs'i'
db'roo par har'f a'na, iZjjtj/j'ab'roo' men
bat'ta lag'na v.i. be disgracedftjj^ai'roo rakk'na
v.i. have honour; enjoy reputation^Jj^/ sb'too
n'tt n.f disgrace humiliation slan-
der ; calumny rape vf(f roo re'zi
kar'na v t. disgrace humiliate slan-
der rape kj/jab'roo ka la’ goo ho’na ,

v.i. try to ruin (someone’s) character
db'roo kho'na v.i. lose one’s reputation
tffcab'roo ke pi&ju par'na v.T.^try to ruin ^some-
one’s) character tab'roo

jag nufi ra'he to badsha'fii ja'niye prov.* one has
everything if one’s honour is retrieved-*^//
a broomand' adj. respectable sU^fsiabroomafi-
da'nah adj. honourable adv. honourably
abroomafi'dt n.f. honour respectability
IP -•“'/water +xi face] ^ .

(glr’T^h-pa'shi n .f. , /ejlsfab-jiarl n.f. [see under

• fTdb’doz' n.f., adj. submarine
doz' kash'd n.f. submarine [P —
stitch ; pierce]

^J'yabas’tcnA adj. (lit.) pregnant (with) [P]

__ A(a

cataract ; cascade [P~

L-rJ+jl?]

/Al/TdMa'rf n.f. excise

excise duty distillery

(fji^l^maib'katna-e ab-ka'ri^HM.

Excise department [P~ ]

•Jffab' gi’nah n.m. glass crystaj goblet

■*£•> winecup ; winebowl ; wineglass IP- wj

l'7'ab'lah n.m. blister bj[i sb'la pa adj.

A * having blisters on the feet (fig.) tired ;
exhausted a'6/e pa"I n.f. (fig.) fatigue;

exhaustion^^fai'/e reo adj. & n.m. pock-
marked (person) ^jj^l sb'la roo”i n.f. being
pock-marked [P] ^

t**fab-ns’ n.f straits ab-na’-e basfo'ras
• n.f. Bosphnis Straits fP«-/7f^(,*pipe]

fjifabnoos' n.m. ebony fayfabnoos’ ka.

V ’ kuh'dah n.f. (joe.) fat dark person (f/J

j&j’T'ab-shar' n.f. (ped. m.) water-

' fall ■ raiararr • raerarlp I IF

ebony

of ebony

jTVfci adj. aquatic
OJ moist light blue b

abnoo'si adj.
black [P]

; water marine
bread made from meal
kneaded in water in place of milk -^-bun foSfjf
abi bur'j n.m. pl. Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces
as three signs of zodiac supposed to be watery
in nature tlfS'tfJa'bi har'f n.f. letter(s) t btfo ji
(/ y /j ,/supposed to be watery in nature

[P~

-tfsbys'na n.m. water cess ; charges for
'a* - supply of irrigational water [~P ]

jTa p pron. (polite, fpr) you self

? '

most welcome you bring us good fortune

apne pa" oft par kalhs'n
mar'na, I.^Ta 'p apni qab'r kkod'ns prov.

dig one’s own* grave Ig'/eflfgpV*' 3 P' a &&b e
jahan' adL'fhfra,ildf la jfcjJgr l jS'iap' bba'le to
jag' bha'la prov, good mind good find
"ijVyglap' bka'tl adv. (rare) according to one’s
own'pleasure (%'rffnp' Wd autobiography
story of one’s own suffering
( 2 Jf)&P' ja'nth ap' ka kam' (ja'ne) ph* “you
do as you like that’s none of my business
fchurade ap ' mars' dt ph.
(W. dial.) selfish (person) (one) posing
to be happy despite povertyt^U^j/j^Jf^f'
ap 4 al’ dal' nun't pat' pat ph* f am more,
than a match for you in cleverness <^1

Wap doo'be to jag 400'ba, Cr.'SJyi

, ftflV a P' Qb'dah jahan zip.' dak ap' mar' doh jahan'
mUr’doh, \/^jQf£jfig\ap' mU’e to jig mlCa
prov. death’s day is doomsday^a^i ap' se ph.

from you of you adv. by itself ; by one-
self so ap ADV. by itself of its

own 'accord voluntarily spontaneously
unsolicited n\ontl!j‘J r t^S>*gXap' se a'bo
ho'n 3 ph. be debased^^^V^^ se &***
ja'na v.i. renounce oneself (of someone)
be no longer of use to anyone gfrspdOQtif!

ap ka ba'yah qa'dam Hjiyt ph (iron.) lje » a
pastmaster in fiaudulence /Vr its/

nta'ha faj prov. self-done is vyell done- jglfigf
^r~Q%ap’ ka kya' bigar'ia hmjn. you* don't
stand to lose^^fci^t^/^S^lap* ka pas' (or
mala' baza or muhh) hoi ph. it is only for your,
sake ; it if just out of respect (orregard) forytm

If

jd

dr i

ftsfap' ku ( Qp'na ) ghar' hai ph. feel
yourself at perfect ease in my house J<~/f a p' ko
pron. oneself to you ap'

ko ssmsn par khetikh'na v.i. give 'oneself airs;
put on airs a p' ko bP.ool' ja'fla y.i,

forget one’s ’humble beginnings Mb/ ^Idp'
ko /ta'-na v.T. make a correct appraisal of one-
self VC^jJj/^tap' ko door' kkehehrav.r. keep
oneself aloof (from someone) through pride,
(etc.) Sp’ kj> dabo'ns v.T. ruin one-
self (I'XfTkj ap ko kho'nn (or kho s’ ns

lose oneself (inV (fig.) become oblivious
of oneself k!m"e bil'R ko

bats' t ph. lay own blamcat another’s door ;
shift blame to escape censure I ap'

ke hah (or’ya'hsti) adv. a at your place ' in
your milieu *j \J ~ l P'
miysh soo'bedar , ghar men bl’vi jkoh'ke ‘ bh a r
prov. one putting on airs with penury pre-_,
vailing at home

ap' miysh maiig'ta (or nah'ge) bs'har kha're
danesh' prov. what help can a penurious per-
son render the needy ^jb/ij}^j\<-/\ap hart
bil'H ko ma re ph. a bad workman quarrel
with his tools making a scapegoat of some-
one ‘sr'*(#W S P' hi tl P' ADV • all alone alt

by ^oneself by itself spontaneously.
~'&r<JjC£ap' hi kijoo'tiyoh ka sad'qahhai ph.
it is. all due to you (or your training, etc.)
thanks to you^-^f^*^4til^*-'7ap' hi ms' re
sp hi &Uln"e prov. culprit pretending inno-
cence dja'pl pron. (also ( s’ pi ap') by

himself (etc.) ( ^7^^?) '

’ifZ'ptf n.f. elder sister a' tr kl s' pa
V n.f. simple woman " simpleton
y i /s' pa n.m. self one’s senses; self-

* I control gla>jbfa'pa dka'pi n.f. selfish
scrambleH Irf^tfa'ps satibhat'na v.i. come to
(one’s) senses ^VyiyJb^dJts'pe se bs'har ho'ns
v.i. be beside oneself ‘(with rage) ; fly into
a passion ,be in ecstacy l‘l s'pe meit

s’rm v.i. come to one’s senses T 3 'pe meii

ha' ns v.j. be in one’s senses. “ * y

P/a'pes n.f. mutuality (used only as

S' pas is'r% n.f. brotheihood
relations fj^ts'pas ks adj. mutual
intemal / >U< , lf' t ^fr 3' pas ks mu'.amaleh PH.^our)
private affair ; (our) internal affair s' pas
meh adv mutually privately’ between

ourselves v-s between friends together

a pas tneii raihns v.i. live together
(peacefully, etc.) ifii a pan ADJ. (rare) mutual

sTa/tf pron. (cont. of (see under

pron. if)

Ap fs'tash (pop. a’lish) n.f. fire ; conflag-
{J I ration anger; rage; passion
firebrand iitpljtfi itash-afza rah n.m. (arch.)
rocket j^yi(y*Tstash-afroz' adj. kindling

seditious N.M. fuel incendiarj ^ mis-
chief-monger (fiffifatash-af'gan, j Tajinp-
ahdaz' adj. fire-spitting n.m. spitfire
stash-aiigez’ adj. jncendiary stirring up

fire seditions jUi^latOsh-bar' adj. raining
fire fiery n.m. ‘( arch.), musket tinder-box
jUpijs'tash-bsz N M. fireworks, exhibitor or
manufacturer ; pyrotechnist .yj t^Satash-bs'zi
N.F. fireworks ; pyrotechnic lash-bayah'
adj. fiery (speaker) I s'taxh-ba yani n.f.

being a fiery speaker yjjJ^ipT's'lash-e be-dood'
N.F.Jfig.) wine sun rage
jJfalash-pa'rah n.m. spark
"(fig.) beauty (fig.) provoker of
quarrels adj. quarrelsome^r/aftuG
parast' n.m. fireworshipperj Gue-^
bre ; Magus ; Zoroastrian

sla.du-paras'ti n.f. ftreworship j&j^a'lash-
pai kar n.m. creature -of fiery region sun
l£t yfa 'tosh-paima n.m. pyrometer Sjsf
a’tash-e tar' n.f. .(fig.;-, wine lips of a
pretty woman tm "a’tash-e char kh' N.f;
(rare) aurora fj^/lp^pjatash-e kltaniosh v.T.

extinguished fire (fig.) dormant passion
v Lr i/fa tash-kha 'r\ah n.m. (arch.) fire ,tem-^
pie fireplace powder-magazine J' (
s'lasp-khon adj. fiery itash-khar n.si^

fire-eater red-legged partridge
Stash-dsn’ n.m. fireplace hearth
a'fash-rukh adj. rosy-checked 'JJ t s' lady-rex!
adj. fire-spirting incendiary quarrel-
inciting (jljfj* l a' taeh-zabsii adj. fiery
(speaker jgte&ia'ta.di-za'dagi n.f. fire ; conflag-
TTA'ionbj^fta' tas^-zadah adj. burnt out
gut ted tPj^ts' tash-zan' n.m. one committing
arson (arch.) touchwood a' tash-za ni
n.p arson l/j{ytat<ish &'r-e pa adj. restless
Jh-^yfd'tashs sayyal' n.f (fig ) wine ortf

irasci-

a' tart *-sh«uq‘ (or ishliyaq') N.f. ^strong
desire (to meet, etc.) passion tffrXa'tnA-
lab" adj. hot-tempered ; irascible pas-

sionatc (jl^y^fa'taA-fishafi 1 adj (ire-spitting
n m (also ‘tash-Jishati pahar')

volcano a’ tasJi-Jisha'rA n.f. raining

fire being a firebrand Jlfj£tf'£p7a'tash k&
per ks'lah n.m. beauty ; beautiful woman
too clever person jj&'fa tash-kadah n m.
fire-temple . (fig.) very „hot place adj
scorching gruelling tash-gir adj

combustible n.m (arch.) pair of tongs #j lJPt
atasji-gir mad'dah n.m. combustible matter
'tash-mizaj' adj. fiery ill-tern-^
peredJp^pfa'tasJi-mKa'ji n.f. irascibility
alash-nak[ adj fiery ^iUfSlash-ns'ki n.f. being
fiery (/^ffifatash-e-naf s' n.f. (fig.) lust
atash-e namrood’ n.f Nimrod’s pyre (lighted in
bid to burn Abraham) lj(y^fa'tash-nava adj.
fiery (speaker, singer etc.) ’fif}Q J fa'tash-nava"i
n.f being 2 fiery speaker (etc.) Ta' tu-
sh} adj. of fire fiery hot
ble burning (glass) -AtriyT
a'tasja ski' shah n ,m. _ convex lens :
burning glass a tasla'ai'nak
n.m. (arch.) convex lens set in ring
ADJ._ of or like fire
** incendiary^j^/a'tarWn as'lehah
(ped as'lehah n.m. pl. firearms
jfy&f ataskifi khoo' adj. passionate iras-
cible [P] , -

jZiTat'shak (ped. a'tashak) n.f. syphilis

at' shaky a n.f. (col.) syphilitic [P-^/l
£"( at'ma n.f. (H. dial-.) soul life [S]

a' too,, (jjXatoon N.F (arch.) female

* ' teacher ; governess [T].

i b'Yata n.m flour; mealt/l/3'ta kar’ia

* ‘ v.t reduce to powder ; pulverize

fyuflfmu f list meh a'ta gi'la ho'na ph. be in

trouble be despondent ilpjLfl^l'ii.Ta'te dal
ka bka"o bats' na v.t take to task ^_T

dal ha bha" oma'loom ho ja'tia
v.t, get into hot water Jt’(f(Jb!eL~ia'te dal' ki^
fik'r ph. worry for bare necessities of life 1 f
PipjV'tl'te ka karkha'oa n.m flour mill
at'r m a' pa n.m. (se ' under if n.f. it)
a'te ki bil’li n . f . apparent and not real danger
!&) nth rta'mak (or noon ) ph

just a pinch very little stuff

a'te meti na'mak kt bara'bar adj & adv

little not much

/»\, A \a tam pa tam adv scattered all over

JjvTst^ n. & adj eight ksJr^ltfljrXa'ih. ath
& " ah' soo ro'na v.i. shed a flood of tears ;
weep bitterly CDjr^XafX^faih ath afisoo.
rula'na v.i. cause to weep bitterly tjlSlJft
ath atlha'rah attha'is ph. eighth, eighteenth,
twenty-eighth (as J inauspicious’ dates of the
month) jls?jjL%fa th bar' nau uhvar’ prov.
too frequent revelry y^cj^jath paihar'
a'thofi paihar' adv. day and night all
the time ; constantly all the twenty-four
hours a ** (or a'thofi paihar’

soo'li par raih'na v.i. be in constant, trouble ,
suffer unmitigated trouble^, y/i( I ath ko'niya
adj. (col.) octagonal l»T ath kham'ba n.m.
(arch.) eight-pillared canopy C >tlf jSsTith.
ghafi'te ka din ph. eight hour working dayt^f
aih ma'sa Ctljaflathvaiisa adj. (child)
born after eight months ; premature
child field continually ploughed for
eight months for ^ sugar-cane lath' van
adj. -eight ^ athofi ka nu'lah n.m.
(dial.) post-‘Holi’ festival ; Lucknow festi-
val celebrated on eighth day after ‘Holi’
(Jj£( tijjrtatk (or a du>n) gaftk
kumait' (or kamaid ') ph. horse with all the
eight leg-joints strong (fig.) shrewd veteran,
i Tf asar' n.m. pl. signs ; symptoms
J l~l tokens traces footprints vestiges

remains relics effects ; impressions

bases Traditions of the Holy Pri phet

breadth orwall 'hsa'r-Us-sanadid'

n.f pl. relics of the aniuents jsjttasa'r e-bad
n.m. pl. ominous signs ifjfjllasa'r-e qadi’mah >
Jajfjtfasa' r : c ‘att'qah n.m. PL. archaeolagical
finds ytJSjiljjPmaih'kama-e asa'r-t^ qadi'mah
n.m. archaeology department CVlSjf/ asa'r-e
qiya’mat n.m. pl. signs of the* Day of Judg-^
ment; signs of the doomsday’s approach
asn’ r-mutahajjar ah n.m pl fosses
nek ' n.m. pl, good omens (A -sing. J
r jiff osar' n.m pl (ped.) seers (P-siNOy^ |

ssam' n.m (pi ofpjN.M -^*)

6

sinner adj. sinful (person)

J i a sim n.m. sinner adj. sintul (person)

Z | aj n.m. & adv. today this day
U fQAK/f£*j' ba'ras to pkir na bar'soohga
ph. (about heavy downpour) It shall rain
with full force tonight Taj -tak adv.
till now yet tar' to (or

save' re) adv. early this morning ^.g,faj' se ph.

from today henceforth hence
( tfftr VMij&fyif* aj' ka karri kal' par

dal'na (er (jjhor’na or fifia rakh!na ) v.x.
shirk work put of work procrastinate
; bfef&Taj ktdhar' ka cbafid' nik'la ph.

wonderful, how did you care to v call after
such a long time kis' ka

nmh de'kha (tka) ph. what an inauspicious
person did you (etc.) come across this' morn-
ing ? I ka ' re 8* kal PJ' e 8* PROV -
as you sow so shall you reap iftT a j ka ^

adv. these days n.m. nowadays modern,
times present-day world
2Z1 Laj'kal ba'rah ba'ras ki bit'ya bar mah'ge
prov. (col.) even quite young girls are sexy
these days &faj' kal kar'na v.i. procrasti-

nate (jt (/&faj'kal meii adv. in a day or two
2ls 4 kt aj' kesatk
kal ki kal' ke sath! prov. think of today, and,
tomorrow will take care of itself
J*(f6aj' kya ja'/I dvn'ya de'kki thi PH. did the
thought of death make you on me after such
a long absence ke tkvpe

aj' h i na’hifi jal'te prov. everything takes its
own time )^/^Taj' ma're (or mfl’r) !

kal doos'ra din prov. the dead are soon for-
gotten *J>. y

aj' men makg'ni kal' men biyah', toot'
ga"i mafig'nt rath' ga'ya biyak' prov. there is
many a slip between the cup and the lip / t ^\

110 ke kal ' (ho' ke ra'he ga)
ph . * today or tomorrow (happen it must) ;
inevitable even though late ' i

hat so kal' nalnh prov. do not leave till to-
morrow what you can do today
IV | a'ja'na v.t. (see under 1‘lv.i. if)

f rUffS' ehf&lt n.r. sound of sneezing b'fdtf
achhSfi' kar'na v.i. sneeze [ono.J

’\akh tkoo n.f. sound of hawking int.
y & pooh tuih£/Jj£/akh' tkoo kar'na v.i.

hawk detest [ono. j

-Jfakh'tah adj. Gastrated emasculate^
^ v/zrTakh' ta kar'na v.t. emasculately^^
akh'ta to'ns v.i. be emasculated
y- 7'a'khir adv. at last ; at length in
* ' the end ultimately adj. last
later final ultimate n.m. end yi con-
clusion termination IS'fa'khir-ul-am'r
conj. & adv. eventually ; ultimately
after all at last ; at length (jiyiipfa'fcfar-s*-
zaman' adj. last ; final ct'Sfa'khir-biii adj.
far sighted (person) fyjkfa'kfur dam adv.
ultimately ; at the last moment tyjrfa'khirash
conj. & adv. at last ; at length after
aW^fa'khir-t shab adv. in the early hours
of the morning j&fa'khir-e kar, (col. a'kkir
kar) adv. & conj. at last ; at length
eventually ; ultimately alter all Vj^f
akhir kar'na v.t. bring to an end
akhir vaqt {met) adv. at the eleventh hour
trStylz'khir ho'na v.i. end be pushed to
the extremity^/'/ a'khifi (col. akh'rl) adj.
last ultimate ... extreme khiri

(or akh'rf) diahar' sham'bak it.it. last Wednes-
day of ‘Safar.’ when the Holy Prophet re-
covered from final illness (popularly supposed
to be a day of rest) ; Last Wednesday
a khiri didar' n.m. last glimpse a' khiri

fai'salah n.m. final decision Crj(fjfo' khiri oaqt'
n.m. closing time (of) (fig-) eleventh
hour last breadth (fig. ) closing years of,
Mfei/^la'khirifl adj. last latest fsJ'J'f

a' khiri fi dam! n.m. last gasp adv. last of all

at the last moment [AJ
V7a 'khirat n.f. next world life after

' death ; the Hereafter doomsday fel
(bjl/'ljij^&Jlap'ni a'khirat biga r'na (or
sahoar'na) v.i. do an evil (or good) deed so as
to mar (or make) one’s future life [A ~

■ ^T'akhor' N,F - (arch.) stable (fig.)
J/ ' worthless stuff t (fig.) sweepings tfjjtf
Hi/fakhor' ki bkar’ti n.f. worthless stuff
sweepings f P l ^

•~?akhMhd' •ydf'lakhun' n.m. (arch.)

Ayr teacher instructor teaching, recita-
tion of the Holy Quran [T]

j 'Yadab' n.m. pl. greetings ; compli-
monts salutation rules or etiquette
(of) good manners mores int. good-

morning (etc.) good-bye Ol adab'

ba-ja la'na, adab' ‘ arg kar'na v . t .
pay one’s respects (to) greet ; wish
adab ' ‘ar’z n.m. greetings regards
good morning (etc.) /? & dab-e-mahjil

n.m. pl. etiquette i~>Ql£^l7lada'b-o*alqab' n.m.
pl. courtesy title (in letters, etc.)
adab-o taslimdt' n.m. pl. compliments ; wishes;
regards [A ~ sing, a ^

£/*{adarsJ>' n.m, (dial.) ideal (fijl adarsln
sj s)' adj . ideal idealistic [S]
t*jjfa'dam n.m. Adam human being
a 'dam-e sa'nl n.m. (appellation of)
Noah jy^jfs'dam-e-khaki n.m. mortal human
being jS’fjla'dam khor adj , man-eating,
cannibal’stic n.m. man-eater ; cannibal yljfJl
a dam zM n - m . human being (as^distinct from'
supernatural being) jljfsl PfJl a dam tia a dam
ZSd' int . (wilderness with) not a trace of man

[A]

» /m fad'mi (ped. S'damt) n.m. man per-
V^'son; human being individual
(W. dial.) husband ; man servant man
follower ; retainer intelligent person
brave man ordinary human being hu-
man race ; mankind (II) foth (12) public adj.
grown-up ; adult

ad' mi aii'tar ko'i H'ra ko’i kaii'kar prov_ no
two persons are alike among men some are
jewels, some are pebbles ad'mi banana

v.i. teach manners humanize civilize
discipline 7 £ LI (fjTad'mi an*aj ka

ki'ra hai ph. man lives by bread alone ;
cereal are must for mankind IL ad' mi
ban ja'na v.i. learn good manners have
sense of responsibility come to one’s senses
- ^r?tfj)ad‘ n& pichke adj . per head one
by* one severally

ad'mi ckeh're se paikcha na ja ta hai prov.* the
face is the index of the mind tip

ad'mi so/fbat se paihcka na j a ta 'hat prov. a
man is known by the company he keeps 1 j/{j7

IT? * I );.)$> I ad’mi (or ad’miyob) ka jab.' gal
n.m. thickly populated place L*7^’ 0 r'ty
ad'mi ke libas’ met a‘na v.t. appear in ‘human
form ; assume human visage
ad’mi kuchk kko' kar hi sikh'la hai prov
man learns by his mistakes (fjf
*^-}Zad'm netakhir to kact'cha hi ‘doodh piya

hat prov. to err is human tfjidrdba're ad’mi
n.m. pl. gentry big guns classes^J^?*

mashi'ni ad’mi n.m. robot automaton &/$

a’dmiy'yat n.f. good sense human nature
good manners ; civility ; courtesy fellow-
feeling ; commiseration magnanimity
humanity (age of) discernment
adamiy'yat ana, adamiy'yat pakar'na

v.i. become civilized Jearn courtesy or
civility come to one’s senses^ reach the
age of discernment ClfjgdC*/H(4A’^J)(d&n'ya
se) adamiy'yat utk ja'na v.i. (of world, etc.)
become inhumane ; be a very bad world to
live in (,*.( cg&fyladami/ytat meft ana v.i. see
reasolifl'IpjnjfojCeirtzSjiadamiyyae se gUzar'na
(or guzar ja'na) v.i. behave improperly
act inhumanlyft'llJ'LjilJ&yJadamiy'yat sikka'na
(or sikkla'na) v.t. civilize render hu-
mane polish teach politeness or good,
manners bring (someone) to his senses C*/)\
j I’Jadamiy'yat kar na (or se kam’
le'na) v.i. behave nicely

adk adj. half (hour, seer ctc.)»j1tmX\ek
^ * adk (sec under t^Cfpt) ^

i *7 a'dka adj. (f. if jf a' dhi) half 1*jIU>jI
' a'dka a’dka divided into ^equal parts
half-and-half; fifty-fifty
a'dka ti'tar a’dka bater ph. neither fish nor
flesh nor good red herring worthless or
ludicrous jumble fj£U L»jl a'dka sa'jka n.m.
equal share (fTfj’tlijbrji'adka (or a dhi) sf si
n.f. (W. dial.) hemicrania t/U>T a'dka kar'na
halve divide into two parts bisect
f* l' (try t a'dka nam N.m. not full name
a'dka ho'na be reduced to skin and bone ;
become lean ; grow lank decrease in size
fjlO-dfy'adkob adk adv. half and half ; fifty
fifty (C'&lfjTa'dhl bat sun'na v.i. not to
hear in full (rush to implement) without^
hearing full instructionsfXfi

U> e^jJ’jTa'dhi etjkor sa'ri ko ja"e (or
arch, dka’e) a' dhi rahe na sa'ri pa'e PROV.
catch at the shadow and lose the substance ;
grasp- all, lose all rfjyjfjta'dhl dar'jan ADJ. &
n.f. half a dozcnfjl&l/fftytil&l/Jty&'dkl
ratldkar a dhi rat iidkar' adv &. n.m. (at)
about mid-night (fJ/'l'X- 1 J b tf» 1

lid a' dhi rat ko jama"* a" t sbam' hi se mkih

8

a f*

si A

phula'e prov. count the chickens before they
are batched pet adv. hungry
< not having eaten to the fill SZ-iTa'dhe
• a s'te melt adv. midway ( /l),jij^fe-dS-}ia'dkt
:e kjtc&k ziya'dah (or kam ) ph. a' little more
(or . less) than half
i/^yfadfnah N.M. (rare) Friday [P]

a’dit n.m., jfota 'ditiiig n.f. audit Jgi\
a' ditar n.m. auditor [E]

*'7a ’tflr n.m. (lit.) fire ninth month of
Persian calendar (corresponding to De-
cember [P]^ ^

(or jtjil) a'ziqah n.m. (same asJjyfN.M.^)

I V

j f ar n.f. awl

f ,^ar n.m. this side (of river, etc.)

•*' ke ar' kar'na v.t. transfix "

»' Y ar N.F. (arch.) shame bashfulness

Jr [~A cor.]

i'ra (ped. . a r'rah) n.m. frame-
fJl saw (Ci£~j 1‘OrljJ'a'rs chala'na w!

(or kkeh&na) v t saw l "Jr/yS^-jT
a' re sir par (jiaCna V.t. be
fortured be tormented rj*oj\ar'ra
Irtish n.m. sawyer

•'l jY 3TS ’ N r - ( pL - °f ^ N F ★)

i" "f ara' suf. adorning em-
U I bellishing gracing lj\ %

ara » suf.
ting up

gracing

decorating

set-

paras' iagi n.f. decoration adorn-
ig U’mcnt arrangement preparation
~*-^Tjlaras'toh JZsJgfzsffi'ara' sta pairas'tah adj.

adorned ; tfocoratcd ; bedecked arrang-

ed equipped prepared [P~t/^VT|

Y sram' n.m. cure rest respite

\'J 1 repose comfort convenience

relief ease health ij'ffjlaram pains v.i.

be at ease get all sorts of comfort f/j/

aram f ^pa' , i n.f. (W. dial.) (arch) a kind of
high-heeled wide-toed shoe (jUfulara'm-e jail,
(Jjfhfara'm-e dil', fblb dil a ram' n.m. sweet-
heart ; beloved c£?(t/T aram ’ .jhaiit n.m.
peace of mind rest vJi, £,} )fU r Mj)ar am
harsm' r (or tal'kh) kar'na v.t. & i. make
life hell for ; give hell to have no rest^jbfpT
aram'-dah n.m. basket for betel leaves ;

betel-basket small domed betel-box
I i>!i)aram' pahvhdla'na (or dt'na) v.t. give
relief allay give comfort give rest
put at ease £Z-^\tSatam st adv. gently
carefully softly. ±J*(fjTaram'-ta'lab,
aram -pasahd' adj. slothful lazy ; idle

indolent n.m. indolent person lotus-
eater (ftyliTar am' - la’ lain, (f J ^(tjTarzm'-pasafi'di /
n.f. indolence slothfulness •—> ytffuT
sram' ka asbab n.m. (rare) ^furniture I

aram-kur'si n.f. easy chair^fliaram' kar’na
respectful or ironical Cljkfijlsram' forma' na
v.i. rest; take rest . redine go
to bed sleep fjjjffljlaram ki

roo'khi hazar' ne‘' mat hai PRoy. a little in quiet
is the best of all diet nlfft) lar am' -gah n.f.

(also aram-gah) grave ;

tomb ; mausoleum (rare) rest house
(rare) bed chamber CLSijfljlJ'ko arsni ho'
jii’na v.i. (of someone) have more peace
be relieved U—zfjTdrami' dah adj. (lit.) re-
posing at ease at rest

^ara'ish n.f. decoration adornment ,

(J Ul bedecking orderly arrangement
(of shop-window) dressing (f^uiara’ishi adj.
decorative [P~ (Sift]

| Y dr' par adj. pierced through
J*,J > across from one end to the other
"« Y ar't'i N.F. Hindu religious rite compris-
J • ing offering, etc. to idol ; idol-worship

[ s ] ^

b "fan N.M. art*-Ofar'»ut n.m. artist

artiste u^^iartis'tik adj. artistic [E]

ar'tikal n.m. article [E]

i Y at' -jar n.f. coming and going ; constant
Jrf A movement of people both ways
yYJfy fach'-bt'shap n.m. archbishop [EJ

yj\drd n.m. (ped.) flour ; meal [P]

bYar'Zar n.m. order t^,*jlar'4ar buk n.f.
Jiir order book Jr'rfar buk karri na

v.i. book an order ujjjZJtar'dar dt'na v.t.
place an order (with) [E]

n.f. wish ; desire , longing m-
yearning love
request ^want,

(10) hope (11) trust (12) expectation VS/.tial
ar'z°o bar a'na v.X. (of desire) be fulfilled jJjf

Yazoo

^clination solicitude
presumption faith

fyJuZaf'zoo khak' meii mil ja'rta v.i be
frustrated have the hope shattered J'cJjjJJt
ar'zoo dil ki di!' meii raih'na v.l. not
to have one’s hope fulfilled t "Xij/K'jjjiaj'zoo
ka khoon' ho'na v.i. be greatly disappointed
V/ijjiar' zoo kar'na v.i. desire long for

yearn ar' zoo-maiid ad|. wishing;

desirous importunate eager aspiring
intent (on) concexned^^jjjtar' zoo-man di

n.f. eagerness desire yearning
wistfplness. concern [P]

(fjlar'si n.f. small mirror set in ring
worn on thumb ; mirrored thumb-ring
mirror : looking-glass
ar'st mils' haf n.f. wedding rite
comprising new couple’s mutual
introduction .

ar'r? mils' Jiaf dikha'na (or dikfilana\ v.t seat
bride and groom beside or opposite each other
Under improvised canopy or sheet with a look-
ing-glass and a copy of the Holy Quran be-
tween the couple

‘f/jtarogft' n.m. (rare) belching ; eructation
iCj i a'fi n.f. small saw [dim. of

In J

are iNT. (lit.) yes ; yea
l a re bale kar'na
v.i. (arch.) procrastinate [P]
j i ar'yah,Ljlar'ya n.m. & adj. Aryan
** member ol modern reformist but fanati-
cal Hindu sect & b*~ji zr'yali samzf n.f. name
of this sect ; Ary a Samaj jl J l'arya”i adj. Aryan
[S noble]

ar n.f. cover shelter protection
subterfuge pretence ambush (Ait)
or le’na v.i. take cover or shelter (behind)
l£jTar' meii adv. behind (lying) in am-
bush under cover (of) under the
pretence (of)

rVrs adj. (f. tfjs a'rt) frilled
(trousers) inclined , bent
athwart awry diagonal ;

transverse cross oblique
crooked I’jflfj'ltl a*rs tir’etka ho'na
v.i. be enraged l 'f^XT(^(ke)a're a'na v.i.

stand (someone) in good stead in time of
need protect ; shield ha'thofi

(.it

le'na v.t chide ; scold ; upbraid run
do^n ^

jyii'T d'ra go'ra n.m. refuse; sweep ingstft/lJr
v a'ra S°'f l n.f. name of a trick in wrestling
‘tlla'ruo n.m. pea.clt*}l(^?.L)(j^chakai ' t (or chaptz )
a'roo n.m. Hat peach
£+ jpj\aT\at, n.f. commission agency

sale bv commission brokerage ;
commission '(/"jizrkii , (pop.L^yTsrA'nja) n.m.

commission agent broker correspon-
dent ; agent

) Ijl aZad' adj. independent free

liberated at large scot-free un-
controlled n.m. a class of mendicants who
regard themselves as above religious precept
and practice hermit freeman free
thinker jjjljl aZad'-rau, jjt)ljlaZa'da-rau ADJ.

bold unbigoted liberal; liberal-mind-

ed n.m. libertine free-thinker
aZad'-tab“, cr^ljfazad'-manish' adj. & n.m.
undaunted person liberal-minded ; liberal
libertine LV'lfjlyTsca*/' ka son'ta ADJ. (W.
dial.) saucy I'ljksO'i'aZad 'katana v/r. liberate
(jerson, territory, etc.) I'/ sljl azad’ kar'na
v.T. liberate free discharge, I'jfjlyl
azad' ho'na v.i. be free (to) be set a

liberty be independent win indepen-

denceyljljtszada nah adj. free ; independent
adv. freely unfettered ; unhindered
freely expressed azad ana ra'e, n,f.

free opinion ; independent view Jj(/T

aza dagl n.f. (arch.) freedom ; libertytfjljT
' aza'di n.f. freedom ; liberty liberation

« independence (rare) discharge (from

prison, etc.) manumission enfranchise-
ment azadi-khah adj,. freedom-lov-

ing n.m. freedom-fighter [P]
jirfazar' n.m. malady malaise woe

suf. annoying tsjl!/lazar'-deh adj. annoy-
ing , irksome ; teasing azai' -dehi'

torment bitterness ; irksomeness tpu/i/acar'
annoy gall^/iasa'ri
annoying galling [P|
annoyed dejected
troubled distressed
glum (Jiss/Aazur'da-
dil, jj'jUzur’ da-khz' tir adj. dejected
troubled in mind displeased annoyed

de'nz v.i torment
suf. tormenting
g jjyf aziir'dah ADJ.

dissatisfied
uneasy gloomy

glpomy sorrowful despondent tsjA

a£Ur'da-di'lX,(JJ’{rt)j'jlaziir'da kha /iri'N.F.
displeasure annoyance sadness : dejec-
tion i'/ aiur' dah kar'na v.i. ^isplease
annoy afflict trouble azur'dah

ho'na v.i. be displeased be annoyed
be sad ; be defected ifv fiat ur'dagi n.f. dis-
pleasure annoyance sadness ; dejection

trouble ; distress [P

l *\,Jlazma na v.t. test; prove try

experiment scrutinize [ -~ Hsb/jiTtry]
Aj, .7 awa"iij! n.f. trial > ^ test

{J * J I examination proof IbTjJ’ISfazma’
ish-o khala n.f. trial and error [P - prec.]

azmoa'dah tried tested experi-
encetfffyQyrflfrjIazmoo'da rs azmoo'dan
jah'l ast prov. it would be absurd to try again
what has already proved a failure T

azsnoo’da kar adj. experienced skilled ;
practised veteran n.m. veteran [P ~ prec.]
/ £jyf{or‘ / >}hor‘jjj'orJ if) azoo'qah n.m. (arch.)

bare sustenance meagre pittance

[ P U

V ss n.f. Hope expectation prop
supporting voice ip vocal concerts
a'saulad' va'la n.m. & adj. (one) blessed with
children if, ££ -f. £■’>/$ l/j-f as

para"i voh take jo ji'te hi mar ja" prov. sus-
pense is worse than death I'jHfji.if* as poo ri
ho'na v.i. have one’s hope fulfilled L'jjjfas
tor'na v.t. disappoint £ t&j l ) fail (/fas

haSidh'na (or rakh'na or lag' us - ) v.t. cherish
hopet(*Vt / 1 as bafidkarta v . t. raise hopScfWt^i/*
as toot' na{orj ati raihha)v. i.(of hope) shatter
t it ha v.t. raise hope solace
sing as a supporting voice a'sa (col.) adj.
hopeful fSjl'l a sq jilyt mra sd mdre

prov. but for hope, the heart would break

Is I asa' suf. like [P]

^ttasan' adj. easy simple con-
(Jlsl venient LJ^lfasa'n kar' na v.i. simplify
make easy remove difficulties
ttsa'rit n.f. ease simplicity con-
venience if as&’hi j t adv. easily ; with-

out much difficulty (P)

*Sasa"ish n.f. comfort facility
(✓ ease calm repose ; rest tran-

quillity (life of ) luxury [P-c^lrest]

as' pas adv. near , nearby in
the neighbourhood (of)
ka'hin as' pas adv. somewhere near here
^jl^rfas'tan. ci&mstan' ,slZ'iasta’nah n.m.

(fig.) shrine ; mausoleum (lit.)
threshold (of saint, superior, etc.) abode ;
residence^ O^sj^ias'lnh bos' n.m. devotee
(f'j/'ljC'l as' lah bo' si n.f. humble visit

paying one’s homage [P]
cZ^sas'te adv. (col.) gently , softly
slowly [P. ~ / £-?7cor.]
lastin' (occ Pjj&ias'tTh)

** sleeve ‘cuff

a stin' pakar'na v.t. kick up a yearn
row buttOn-hole (someone) l‘ibfcl*?'lastin
jhar'na v.i. give away everything re-
nounce the world lastin' ka safip'

n.m. hidden enemy ; snake in the grass
lastin' meft sattp , pal'na v.t.
maintain someone who is bound to betray one
later lastinefi sharka'na v.i. tuck

up one’s sleeves (fig.) get ready to fight [P]
-r' as'ra n.m. support ; stay ; prop help
hope trust refuge ; shelter
means of subsistence I'lsjyl as’ja bana'na V.t.
depend (on) as'ra takna

(or dhaohd'na or laga'na) v.t. look (up to
someone) for help or support seek protec-
tion (of) (SlfJz,)).) a'sra toot'na (or

toot ja'na) v.i. lose hope despair; des-

pond Lsj l/S ( as'ra de'na v.i* reassure give
heart ; rouse hope encourage help
succour Vjlyfsas'ra kar'na v.t. fely ; depend
count upon recline against Vjlyi as'ra
ho'na v.i. be the prop (of) be the support
(of) \ S^-he -as'ra adj. helpless

( Jlr asman {occ. Ortas' mail) n.m. sky,
the heavens ; firmament celestial
order great height Heaven
asman par itrha v.i. fly high (fig.) be
very proud I't^^gy^lr'lssman' par charhaha
v.t. flatter wheedle give fulsome
praise l‘/C I asman' par charha

kar utar'na v.t. debase (someone) after show-
ing respect to him asman' par

tkoo'ka muilh par a'e prov he that blows in
the sky shall fill his own eye T

l‘sf asman' par dimagb' (or mizaj') ho'na v.i.

trail-

efUT

11

be vain ; be very proyd gave oneself airs ;
put on airs &&k'‘fasman' phat'na. (or

toot par'na) v.i. be overwhelmed with trouble
asman' tak’na (or jkahk'ns.) v.i.
wax strong (of fowl) be caproned
as'trafijah' adj. (used as title) of exalted
rank with sky-rocketing fame
Cj asman' zamin' ek' kar de'na v.t. leave no
stone unturned Cd fc-'T asman' sir par

Sika le'na v.i. raise afiue and cry
Chatman' "se ag baras'na v.i. (of weather) be
very hot lv'*|<s£-y| (A asmm' se filar' rm v.i.
(iron.) be of rare quality lyjfl & b )\r' l tasman r
se ba’tefi kar'na v.i. (of structure) be very high
tl/lT 4 ~jl‘&'d\r'Tzsrnan se tare iitar'nd. v.t^
(fig.) achieve the impossible kf

asman' se gi'ra khojoor' mefi at'ka pRov.jaut of
, the frying pan into the fire i asman

se gir'n 3 . v.i. fall from the sky come as a

windfall 1 l/l/jif'Wman' kka gayti ya
Zinin' int . (fig*.’)”where has it vanished ? Jjlr'l
M/fastiim' *» khabar la'na v.i. .rocket sky-
high * asmari" ki san' kar'na v.i.

fill into an ecstasy asman' ke

to' re tor' na v.t. be very artful achieve

the impossible asman' -gi'n n.f. cloth

fastened to^ceiling canopy. awning inside

room i&drb&^^srnan meti thig'li lagana
V.I. be too clever (jb'i as' mam adj. celestial
heavenly ; divine unexpected azure
N .r. (slang) hemp ; hashish llfjl/JIr'fasma’ni
bala' gir’na v.i. be suddenly overtaken by mis-^
fortunes; have a bolt from the blue
«j.„ j'w pila'na v.i. make intoxicated with
hemp portion ^'jlr'lasma'ni tir n.m. (fig.)
useless Irf asma ' ni zaban' n.f/ heavenly

language J) l)£ gasmans forma' nl n.f. act of
God ; heavenly decree u/Dj l/tasma'm kitab
n . f . revealed book ; scriptures JjJL-’iasma'm
go'lah n.f. (fig.) bolt from the blue
hailstorm hitting standing crop [P]

rf'\a'san n.m. posture in coiture (rare)
inner part of thigh dfijptfia san ta'le
a'na v.i. come under control VLfyfj a'san
jama na v.i. sit on the hams sit firmly
a’ san laga'na v.i. (arch.) stage a sit-
down strike |j IcTI a san mar'na v.i. squat
sit in one posture

asoo'dah adj. well-off ; well-to-do
affluent rich ; opulent calm ;
composed at ease living a life of luxury
^\eijyiasoo'dah hal'AD}. WeH-off ; well-to-do
affluent cool ; composed ; unruffled :
serene (fi/x/iasoo'dagan n.m. p.l. the afflu-
ent those at ease those lying in peace
J$tfj*'7asoo'daga'n-&-khak' n.m. pl. the dead ;
those lying buried Jst^fasoo'dagi n.f. com-
fort prosperity ; good circumstances rest
[P ~ cby7 rest]

Ivf , 4 'siya n.f. (rare) mill ; grinding mill

- y[ p l

a'siyah adj. dejected n.m. this as the
** name of Pharaoh’s wife who brought up
Moses [P]

Jlaseb' n.m. evil spirit (fig.) harm ;
• ** disaster (fig.) misfortune
aseb iitar'na (or door' kar'na) v.t. exorcise ;
cast on an evil ■' spiritV/L^fattA' za'dah adj.

possessed haunted aseb' sir

par khel'na v.i. (of possessed person) dance in
ecstasy I'jfog'i aseb' ho'na v.i. be possessed
ase’bf adj. (col.) possessed haunted [P]

asl'mah aff. surprised

bewildered lessor asi'mah,
ast'ma sat adj. confounded ; confused
bewildered [P] . ^

| ash n.m. , soup ; water Cb^cf'l ash paka'na
v.i. make a soup (fig.) contrive
something against another ; plot (against)
ftflash-ejau' n.m. barley water [P]

\^a'sha n.f. (dial.) hope expectation
desire ; longing [S]

rfyiasham' suf. drinking ; quaffing one
[ who drinks asha'mi suf. drinking ;
quaffing [P ~cUf L? 7]

ft^fash'ti n.f. peace accord har-
mony reconciliation rapprochement
detente lj£fsulp-o ashti n.f. peace and
harmony [P]

rfp'jash'ram n.m. (dial.) Hindu hermitage [SJ

t Py mJ

ashuf'tah adj. , perplexed confused
afflicted ; distressed raving (Jiff**!

ash&f ' ta-hal adj. afflicted ; distressed
perplexed^ 7 iiii^lqshuf'ta-kha'tir, I ash of

troubled in mind uneasv^lfei^'

astounded
I

ta-dil adj. troubled in mind uneasy^b^T
as±uf:ta-Ma'tin,'dy^ashnf'ta-dm n.f. un-
easiness of mind tr\rK^iashuf ' ta-dima^}'

cf^vf'ta-scr Ar?j. mentally deranged ; of un-
sound mind ifh^iashufta-dimaghi,
ashufta-sarl n.f. unsoundness of mind
axhuf Ut-tab" , ZJ/'^'lashfifta-mizaj' ADJ.
distracted afflicted in mind (ffZ&faskuf'Ui-
lab'% (/’'}/•;&'! vshnf'ta-mizaji#*.*. destrac-
tion ; mental derangement lashuf'tagi

N.F. perturbation
uneasiness raving

disorder

miser XA ,

derangement [P

Ijj^fashka'ra (lit. ashkar') ADJ. visible
evident ; obvious disclosed
known apparent clear IjO &\jishka'ra
kar'na v.t disclose; divulge ashks'rs

ho'na v.i. transpire come to light be
disclosed [P]

t ;,^ashna n.m. acquaintance comrade
* ' friend paramour suf. knowing
deciphering known (by) Ijf ashna'
ho'na v.i. become friendly become intimate
be conversant (with) (of animal) become
*aine or domesticated harf -ashna' n.m.

beginner ; abecedarian Cuy^sop'ral-ashna'^
n.m. knowing or known by sight only
ashna’i n.f. acquaintance friendship
fellowship intimacy illicit relations^ C&f

ashna’i kar'na associate

be intimate

kifow ; develop illicit relations with
become paramour (of) ^[(piashnaya'nah adj.
friendly adv. in a friendly manner [P]

. jtf[ Sshob' n.m. uproar; disturbance;

* tumult ill-luck tempest redness
and swelling of eyes suf. social satire ;
satire on disturbed condition (of city, etc.)

disturber asho'b-e cjiash'm n.m. con-

junciiviliesjlfjiu'jpfasho'b-e roz^ar'^ N.M.
world-wide tumult beloved > V'^J^ashob'-gah

n.f. tumultous place script asho’b-e maih'shar
n.m. (fig.) great_ tumult unprecedented
hue and cry^Plspshaihr-ashob' n.m. satire on
country or city’s disturbed state of affairs [P]

», ( f*J ( ashjya’riah (lit.cllf \aqhiyah')

*• n.m. nest (fig.) abode ;
residence I'&njly! ashiyaii utha'na^
v.t. abandon one’s residence

jU/Igs/njaft banana (or .[s,
bandit 'ns) v.t. & I. build (one’s)
nest have (one’s) house (somewhere)
take ,up abode

j I jy^csliir'bad, >\/£\ a shir bad n.f. . (dial.)

blessing ; benediction l j j )[/*'i'3§hir'-

bad de'ns v.t. bless IS]

a'saf n.m. name of Solomon’s minis-
ter any able minister [ A ~ H]

[f I a'gba N.M. (arch.) (title of respect for)
chieftain (title for) elder brother
(as courtesy title) respected ; venerable [PI
J If I aghaz' n.m. beginning start
aghaz' kar'na v.t. begin ; start
open ; launch Ijfjliisgh az' ho'na v.i. be
begun ; be started be opened ; be launched
jlt!Z>fharf-e aghaz' n.m. foreword pre-
fatory note preliminary talk or discourse
beginning jbl&nUqta-e aghaz' n.m. start-
point,

Z&faghasJ'tah ADJ. & suf. (blood) stained
t covered (With) [P~yr^7]
lY?\ aghosh' n.f. (rare m.) ^embrace

lap bosom clasp 1'JtJ 'Xf tagh oih'
gar'm kar'na v.t. embracej (of sweet-
heart) yield . (to) f'Ta gho ' sh-e laihd

men so' ns v.t. enjoy eternal, rest
aghosh' met a' jana v.t. (of beloved) embrace
ldt!t££f'j'iaghosh' mefi le’na v.t. (of lover)
embrace [P] H>

ujr la'ghofi n.f. new-torn infant’s cry [ono.]

CZ'lfi 2 fat’ n.f. pl. calamities catastro-
phes disasters dangers ; risks
afat-e arzi' -c-sama i% n.f. pl.
unforeseen calamities allotypes of trouble
acts of God [A ~ sing. ] ^ ^

Qtif afaq’ n.m. horizons y/jClTifa q'-gtr, JtSl
zfs'qi ADJ. universal worldwide
catholic ; oecumenical afaqiy'yat n.f.
universality catholicity wide appeal
(of) [A ~ sing. jfl] ^

fat N.F. (PL.t Ssbiafat') calamity
catastrophe disaster evil . misfor-
tune mishap wretchedness unhappi-
ness difficulty ; hardship(tVj^t&»1iV/tff a 'ns
(or par'na) v.i. (of misfortune) befall
(of ill) happen L'tSl C^fa/at utha'ns v.i.
raise hue and cry cause a tumult labour
under affliction suffer or bear pain, etc.
ijl/'&l'a'fat bar-pa kar'na tor'm,

C[}d>m'fnt dha'na v.t. raise a tumult^ ^Aa'/al-r
jail' n.f. troublesome person (fig.) mis-
chievous beloved a'fat jhel'ns v.i.^ ^

suffer a calamity i undergo troubles* '

13

^ \

Ui

s'/at~khei adj. tumultous calamitous^j^i
&'fal-rasl' dahj}j&\afat-za rlah adj oppress-
ed by adversity , run down by misfortune
miserable unlucky Jit Jl/ctta fat ka par ks'lah

adj. very naughty n.m.' mischievous fellow

astute person (fig-1 beloved IjL I
a'fat ka mar a n.m. & adj. afflicted (person)
(«£/>£ )ljp^C^ta'/at ki pUrya (or pot) n.f &
M3 j V * '’naughty (person) mischievous
(person) macha'na v.i. raise a

hue and cry create much trouble make
much noise t ^J/^'a/qt 'not' le'oa v.i. mvite
trouble 1‘j'^i^Ta/at men par'na I fat
met phahs'na v.i be overtaken by calamity or
disaster [A]

a/tab' n.m. sun ^iilJpijj.i^Oia/ta b

* g 'mad dali'Le a/tab prov it is an obvious

truth iqbal' cha'makna v.i.

have (one’s) star in the ascendant

a/ta'be- iqbal' gh aroob' ho'na v.i meet one’s
downfall jk^Q't a/tab' -bit n.m. helioscope
aftab' tuloo“ ho'na v.i. (of sun) rise
[‘y^J/i/0/ a/tab' gh uroob' ho'na v.i. (of sun)
set C^r>0^ s /tab' parost' N.M. sun-worshipper
Zoroastrian , Magus i a/tab' sa -

va ne'ze par a'na v.i. (of sun) draw close to,
earth on doomsday (fig.) be very hotftyUT
a/la’b-e sham' n.m. setting sun (fig.) very
old person l >ta/ta' b-e ‘ a' lorn-tab n.m
the sun illuminating the world y/ L^ijta/tab -
glr n.f. (arch.) umbrella parasol sun-
shade (i^AJOla/tab-e tab-e bam’ n.m. setting
sun very old person something decay-
ing fast L^/^ib ) l>4l r Zii'a/tab’ ms/Sn-nahar’
par pahum’na v.i. be midday (fig.$ be
at the zenith (of) ; be at the apogee of one’s
career, etc.jDTa/ta'W adj. solar
bright n.f. a kind of fireworks
J^'O/z/la bt ghfir/ n.m. sunbath

[ 1*3 _< , •*«*'

Jt iis/taboh, (arch.) col.J,lila/la'i’a)

* n.m. spouted jug ewer

[PI

, yf a/nd’gar n.m. Creator r/)l a/ri’dah
J sue. created n.m creature hu-

man being

J * | a/’ nil, qfrin int well-done , brave

n.f. praise ovation , acclamation

it

/>

cr< ator

Mr

applause suf maker , creator airin’

kaih'na v.:. applaud commend ’ lom-

plement praise tjf tO^fjahah' a/rifi n.m. (Clod
as) (Creator of the world a/' rin n.m.
(God as) Creator of soul ) /tfpiqfri ' rush n.f crea-
tor ; genesis tj/bpi a/rinin dah n.m
maker the Supreme Being [P
N M office [E]

(JsJ t afin'di N.M. (rare) esquire

, IT]

fa I a fa n.m. employer lord
owner yy*j tj'taqa'-n- mau'la
master Lord ; God ! p l

ak n.m. swallow-wort 1

ak' ki barh'ya n.f. swallow-
wort down li

l/'fa'ka n.m. (arch.) title for)

elder brother [P] '

takas' ^dtakash' n.m. (rare) sky , the
heavens; firmament J lij'tCi'akash' bam

n f (dial.) All lndlia Radio . A I.R.
akas bel n.f dodder , air-creeper [S]
fi/ft ak sijan n.f oxygen [E]

^fcag n.f. fire conflagration blaze

I flame wrath jealousy
barsa'na v.i. (of sun) be very hot bomb

bombard ; fire a volley , open a hot fire
ba'rasna v.i be very hot , rain
fire be parched up (of bullets, shells
or bombs) be fired in plenty
banja'na v.i. be consumed with ragejT^^/J*!'
Ow ag bin dhoo"ah ka'hah' prov. no smbke
without fireJZ'/iJfog' bot n.m. (arch), steamer ;
steamship V/p iMi »*):>*, t^fjiag ■ bkabhoo-
ka (or baboo'la or bagoo'la) ho'na v.i. fly
into a passion be mad with fury or rage
ag bujha'na 1 ‘lfajiag bkarkana v.i.
fan the flames provoke , incite U*l Jyfjl
ag bharak itth'na v.i. (of fire) rage
** ns iaga'-ooh int (W.
dial.) to Hell with it JW

ps'ni (or pkoofts) ka bair' ph. sworg enmity
inherent antagonism ^//tfaw^agpa'rd
ka satijog PH union of the opposites

ag paid ka khel' ph machine worked by
steam anything unpredictable or out of
control owing to the interplay of element* in

i4

Sr

it U^ijfyjiag par tel' dal’ ns (or

chk'rik'na ) ph. ‘stir the fire incite further
ag par'na V.i. be very hot 3 j?'

par ja'ns v.i. have a burning sensation
(of bad blood) be created between be
infuriated /;ftaftA-'na v.i. feel a

burning sensation be lashed, into fury

be jealous exaggerate l&fji ag pkoohk'tis
set on firex, stir the fire pjcovok ;
incense i^l'UTsg tap' ns y A. warm oneself up
before the fire ag tal'ooh se lag 1 ns

V.i. be incensed Vftfjc&Slag tkah'di kar'na
v.i. cool down passions pacify
extinguish fire JcLb i&jjlJlfj

ag' ja’ne luhaf' ja'ne dftaunk'ne vale kl

hala jn'nc prov. why should the agent worry
1*1 ififtsg' jaga'iia v / t stir up fire create

a longing fac. t <-g jalo’na v.t. light or
kindle fireVjUjjag' jksr'ns v.t. brush ashes
from embers strike fi re (CVl ; CLiffag dabs' nu-
or gSr'ns) v.t. & 1. cover embers with
ishes quell revolt (etc.) control anger
(etc.) I’UjU^ag dikkn'ns V.T. set fire (to)
heat i'jPflS'i'ag dho'ns v.t. brush ashes from
embers iPjSfsg de'ns'v.i. set fire to (H.
dial.) burn (a corpse) rau'shan Jiar'

na v.t. & i. light or kindle fire -OJ 'lag'

sard' ho’na V.i. (of fire) be extinguished ;
be put out (of passions^ cool down (of

trouble) be quelied i&iftag sa'lgsns v.t.
set on fire burn fire in hearth foment

trouble create disturbance cV'Jr ag
stilagns v.i. (of fire) be kindled (of
trouble) be fomented dg se

ps'ni ho js'na ph. lose the heat of passion ;
cool down .recover from a violent fit of
temper C'WtMag ks Aagh' ph. Nimrod’s
fire fireworks (fig.) goldsmith’s crucible
/Stag' ks piit'la n.m. agile and dili-
gent man astute^jneraon fiery being

•fr-t'S! I(L«h sg’ksja'ls ag'

hi se tffA'c&fci bo' is kai, . (fUl fu* dg bo
ag' fa war'll hat prov. like cures likes ;
diamond cuts diamond measure for

measure ; tit for tat' ka pa tali' ga

n.m. spark of fire ; particle of fire V/Lf'fag
kar'na kindle fire ; ignite make exceed-
ingly warm enrage ; inflame

jf

C&pjag ko da man se dkahk'ns v.,t. & 1. try un-
successfully to hide a secret

ag'kk a"e ga anga're ha ge ga int. like
cause like effect Sjl

ag' Rfca'e mufih na ja’le udksr' khs'\t pet
ja'le prov. borrowing is the mother of trouble
O'ufSt^/Jfag' kaih'ne se mltith nahifi' jal'tp
V.T. mere lip-service is ineffectual /Isi/dJr
lJjj(aL}j3g lags' kar ps'ni ko (or le ) daur'ns ph.
pretend to quell trouble after stirring it up
UFjOliSl fitjlag' lags ke lams' ska dekk, ha ph
enjoy stirring up,, trouble fiddle while
Rome burns \P\Hut ag lags' ns v.t. burn
foment trouble ; stir up disunion
provoke ; inflame lavish ; dissipate,
disdain kindle a passion (for) j djJlag
lags'oo n.m. misphjef-monger rabble-
rouser ; firebrand l&jfsg' lag'na v.i. burn
cateh fire be inflamed ; Ije incensed
burn with envy or rage &J1 ag' la' gt INT.
(W. dial.) to Hell with it t
ag' la’ ge par knii’'sh khod'ns PH.^lock the
stable door after the steed is stolen
(/£' <J. (My v — ■ S ag le'ne ko a'i ghdr Vail
ban baiTki prov. trespasser laying, claim to
ownership St St a S ’ le ne

ko js” eli payam'bajfi milja'e prov. have a
windfall 0>j(} I'.tfUTag' men pa'rii dal' ns
extinguish fire slake thirst satiate hunger
put down disturbance ; appease tumult
ag meh jhmk'ns V.T. burn to
ashes fling into fire squander dissipate
(L'AjLj meh kood'na (or gir'ns) v.t.

court trouble brave a danger lo»cAJt
ag' meh lot' ns v.t. be afflicted with sorrow
be consumed with jealously till GU^ag niksl'-
na V.T. strike fire I'j^^/'iSg' ho' ns be set on
fire become exceedingly hot be incensed
be very hot-tempered

tfj, s'ga N.M forepart ; forelegs facade

front (of house) front (of turban)
visage prow van advance-guard

avant-garde Vjf iff a ga bka'ri ho' ns v.t.

be in the family way ; be big with child ; be

pregnant &fr* 'ga pi'chks n.m. fropt and
rear antecedents consequences Ua£j

£,» agS pi’chhs dekk! n a (or sosp'na) v.T.
& i. look before and after consider the
prose and cons. i'j'il£i~aga pi'ehka kar'na

hesitate , waver demur Qlfitffa'ga
ta'ga le «2 v.t look minutely have sus-
picions (about) pry into others' affairs

U Irf'Yi s ga sahbkal'na, l*j{ I /f a'ga W na v.i.

advance take, the lead
0 1 4 1 Sgab AD J- aware informed ;
acquainted with warned ; intelli-
gent^shrewd suf (*\so/fagak') aware

agah'-dil adj. mindful t conscious

clever shrewd ; sagaciousy»tfr agak' kar'-
nav.i. warn acquaint (with) inform
IjSitf'f agah' ho'na v.t. know cpme to
know take the wamingc^Ta^a 'hi, (/fa 'gahl
n r. knowledge information insight

vigilance warning [P]

ADV before in front (of)

""■'opposite face to face in advance
ahead hereafter in future next in
tjm^or place (10) beyond (11) further^ on
Zt£fa'ge a ge ADV. ahead futurelY<£Ta'£«

a'*» v.i. appear advance ; come forward

come near fare challenge inter-
vene lie between come about take
place (10) befall O %£.fa'g» bark' na v.i
proceed press forward improve go

Ibrth to meet or welcome a visitor outdo
surpass defy ; oppose act as a guide

d£s£.fe.g‘ pichht ADV. in a row in a
series one after another in front and in
the rear; fore and aft by and by close on
the heels (of) confusedly sooner or later
(Vtflr/fa 'gt khada' ka nam' ph. nothing after
that jj*/£$jiJJfa:gt dour pltjsju e}ihj>r
try to run r ' be fore learning to walk thp
farther we go the more we fall behind
a'ge difir le'na v.t. get before make
(someone) go before bring forward ufj£f
i'g t dekk'na v.t. be vigiknt ; be cautious

look to the future CntXf a'gt dal'na v.t
throw or place before I^^Ta'gf rakk'na v.t,
lay or set before exhibit present tfaCjf

age st adv. in future prior (to) ere
beforehand in anticipation (of)
previously a'gt qa'dam bark a'-

oa) v.t. step forward fydCy/i/jK a'gt ka

qa'dam plekhe par'na vt. be too confused
to take the right-step be loo unlucky to
register any success K/Xfagt kar'ha .v.t.

push forward present . offer expose
exhibit IW&lf/lU'gt ko kan ho' na v.t. be
warned ^ promise not to repeat the mistake
etc. i'lf age la’na v r bring forwardtVJ^J
a'gt ni'kal ja'riu v.i advance pass
age na ho n 3 v I. not to come forward
stay behind the. scene not to defy
a'gt ho'n a v.i. act as a leader take i In-
lead proceed be bold ; be saucy
oppose defy if,^!a'ge hi adv already

\~K)

,ffag gaya n.f (H. dial.) leave ; perm is-
•fusion order ; command fS)

(j/\n g'th' suf. -ful

ysf.. .F. progeny, family or followers (of a
great person),,! htyfal' aulad' n.f 4 chiiflren;
offspring ; progeny descendants house ;
race ; family ; kindered ; dynasty 'J Ik^fal-e
suit aril n;f. royal family {/(jffal-e 'aba n.m.
the Holy Prophet, Hazrat Fatima, Hazrat Ali,
^Imam Hasan and Imam Husain [AJ
Jlals.r. long pumpkin green stitlk of
onion a tree yielding a dye ; ‘morinda
citrifolia’ moisture

(//a7a,W*a74a n.m. name of a legendary
mediaeval Hindu hero his exploits against
Muslims ballad traveller’s talc

boring

taleltflfa'/a ga'na v.i. tell traveller’s tales
indulge in selfpraise [S]

1/ 1 a/a n.m. wet ; moist (arch.) niche in
wally (only in) J|y g^jgf a'la dt niv^'is
prov. upstart unable to adjust herself (etc.) to
new surroundings

Divr a'la ba'la n.m. dilly-dallying ; prevari-
cation ba'la (or
a'Uba'lt) bata'na V.T. prevaricate; dilly-dally ,
shillv-shaUy ; hum and haw
uj)72/af n.m. pl. instruments imple-
ments tools weapons a& t-c

barb' n.m pl. weapons of war (fjjxi£f$gf
ala'l-t kashaoar'gj n.m. pl. Agricultural imple-
ments [A ~ sing, jf]
flffalam' (n.m. (pl. of^Ss.M. if)

<t)jffalan‘ n.f. chain for elephant]

Jjf 8 | a ’iS NF

ai'pin n.m pin (port.)

16

r

jSI

iJslalal.-N.?. penis [P~A J
- A -Jf al'ti pal'tix.r. cross-legg-
U..C/ ed posture I'M pal'll

mar'na , Us?* I (jfl fitalli pal'll
,n a r(i) bdilWna v.i. sit cross-legged W i — 7 ~

d&Ufyw' N M - bad dream ; SS

horrible visions

^is'/as, j^ial'kas n.j. lethargy lazi-
ness ; indolence^r’/s/'ri, (f^'al'kasl n.f.
lethargy laziness ; indolence ; adj. &
n.m. lazy (person) U-^T sl'siya, tal'kasiya

lazy (person)

fu'lan n.m. pinch of wheat or gram meal put
A, in potherb

tJCi t along' n.f. heat (of mare, etc *
along' par ana (or ho'nn) v.i. (of mare) be
on heat

Jta'loo n.m. potato Lsjtdloo
bukhaara N.M. 1 m sjlaloo'-
Aah n.m. chtmson [F j
jjjfalaci'dah adj. polluted
soiled suf. (ukojji aloud')
mixed with) polluted Jsjialoo'dagi n.f.
pollution being soiled [P ~cW • ]

^'lah n.m. (PL.C'llfa(ai') tool imple-
Jl ment. instrument weapon fa'/a-e
tanasul n.m. penis ; male reproductive organ
S la-e kar' n.m. tool ; cat’s-paw C* jfOfa la-e
kar' ban'na v.i. become the tool (of) [A]

?fam n.m. mango f> 1 i/Jll 3 m

bo"o am' kka’o im U bo"o im'li
kka'o prov. as you sow so shall
reap C&ftam' tapak' na (ofj

you

mellow mangoes) drop frorn trees’

(w>y W ft am’

khz'nt se km' ya per' gin'ne se {mat' lab) prov.,
I would have the fruit, not the basket lift
£(JIj kka'iye pal ke
kharboo'z* khs"iye dal ke ph. best to eat man-
goes when they are artificially mellowejl but
melons when freshly plucked ( <
m' ke am' guth'liyofi ke dm' prov. kill two
birds with one stone l • 'SJf.f I mi men mam'
a 'na v.i. (of mango trees) blossom k

fial' ka (Sm) n.m. mango ripened in straw
ft tyjdal' ka am n.m. mango ripening on tree
r l^i-T a maj'-gah n.f. target

shelter [P]

rjl>1 ama'dah adj. & suf. ready ; prepared
u tama'dagi n.f readiness inc.lina-

tion [P]

f amas' n.m. swelling ; inflammation (Pj

Jhldmad n.f. arrival, advent income
inspiration ; poetic inspiration jifjfidmwl
a 'mad n.f. approach expected arrival
s' madam bar sat-t mat' lab pH.
coming to the point I revert to the topic
Zy?iM a'mad-o kharcji' N.F. income and
expenditure C^jsM a'mad-o raft' a'mad-o

shad traffic ingress and egress clsidmadan
n.m. corning n.f. (usu. am' dan) income y c j>'T’
dZ'jlflfcP&jljl dmadan ba ira’dat raftan ba ijd-
zal ph. etiquette demands that one must stay
till allowed to leavelUTam'ifaff? (ped. dmadani)
n.f. income receipts revenue profit

[F J . ' -

j\a'mir n.m. dictator ^l^iamira'nah adj. dic-
'tatorial ( amira' na nizam n.m. dictator-
ship amirs'na iSzam' n.m. dictatorship

Cfyt amiriy'yat n.f. dictatorship (A- fl j
A *'amur'zish n.f. forgiveness ; pardon
C/ j/' salvation jtfj/t am&rt'gar adj (God

as) Forgiver ;Saviour (P ~ J 0

smiriy'yat n.f. (see under /iN.M.jt)
tA/m'lalu Jjfalw'lafi i n.m. myrobalan

C' (jjthjtamlah (or sfm'lah) sar
gah'dhaK n.f. purified sulpher if £-\
dm It ka kka'ya buznrg '
kd forma' ya ptchbe ma'loom ho'ta hat prov.
good things, though unpalatable at first, prove
their utility in the end

^/•lyi^lam'ns sam'na n.m. confrontation ,
confrontingtftt^i-l am'nt im'nt adv.
face to face opposite each other ‘vis-
a-vis’

I a' manna im sad" daqna ph. too
true sure ; doubtless we be-
lieve in and testify to the truth okayU^.#l>/
l d manna va sad' daqna kaih'na v.t.

bear (someone) out okay [A - city
^ytamokh tah n.m. (arch.) previous lesson
adj. fit. suf. learnt taught

Jyiamoz' suf. learning teaching j*'"'
amo'zish n.f. (lit.) instruction’! ffi/iame' ciA-

17

gab n.f. (rare) school [P ~ i/V» ]

I amekh'lah adj. (S^suf mixed n.m. ad-
mixture P - < J

• ft amez ’ 8UF - m ““ n B ^7 * am a»«‘t'' A oj-

yjf* leading a comparatively secluded life
unsociable amr' eii* n.f. adulteration
mixture ; admixture association inter-

»*V^

course ; temperament [P - cr*~ * ]

n.f. & i nt. amen awin' kaih’va.

0 v.i. say amen to [A-H]
•llmtn.r. (rh+Ufmat') i

^ fax n.f. (PL^Tana t') instant ; moment

j timeflilTa'wut fit nan, ki an'

JMftt ( aiw vzltpA nuU adv. instantly ;

immediately ; in a moment ; in a jiffy [A]
\jflM N.r. behaviour grace affectation
pride dignity modes ty^f^tan' tan
N.f. pomp and show splendour tan

Jt redb'na v.i. live elegently t‘*jyTan' torna v.t.

humble (someone’s) pride (rare) back
out of (one’s) wards bring shame (to)
ffat non. (me) thnttyflak'-ku'ret sal'lcdla'ho
i/' • dd'kt at utom n.m. the Holy Prophet ;
He(pooebe«hiin!) ^fat'iU ookj. that
[*]

.^S'aB v.t. come reach ; arrive
v * approach pass appear happen
be possible i a i nt. sound uttered for
modulating the time in recitation or vocal
music (osu. ffa'a) call to domestic fowl,
etc. imp. come' a' tala'

gzflt par’ nafhtt para to’ tki^par paov.
(allusion to) inviting trouble C{la' banns v.t.

befall be involved in trouble U.1

jUttfsI-G a' too " a lor'et, la’t* hama'ri tala'
(allusion to) shrewish temper

be lam'de ja’ be lam'de kar'n a V.i.
prevaricate waste time over trifles
a' boil mU'jke mar ' prov. inviting

tipuble it is more painful to do nothifig
than to do something fjj'fa' por'na befall
(to) come come to live (with) occui ;
happen assault L^Ta'pokor'na seize

overtake Cj^vTa' pah ottk’na v J. arrive

draw near U-*£fa' phots’ na v.i. get caught

be duped I'lfTa' ja'na v.i. come C&>~a
dhtfmakna, l£!Ta' ddt’na v.i. come suddenly
come uninvited Uf>Ia' rnh'na v.i. come
to put up with fall down L^JV lag'na v.t.
hit reach (of disease) affect (of

boat) touch the shore, clc.Cdfa' le’tat V.T. over-
take CkX a' mil' na v.t. meet join Ct a'ts
n.m. dues known : learnt, pa. r. coming
C\fl'ia’taja'ta n.m. .A adj. passer-by
casual caller I’lf tgefijg.fyj/ii'i

a la ho lo hath se na d~jt , ja'li bo to {tan* M
kije prov refuse not what comes your., way,
crave not what is evanescent ^-j7

£Xi?jr%aii hai ha’ihi ke pair, ja'li hoi cfnjot'd
ke pair pRoy. agues (etc.) come on horseback,
but go away on footXiXia'te a' u adv. by

and by ; slowly ; gradually on the way
while coming till (someone’s) arrival iVl'f
a'naja'na n.m. visits and return visits
social contacts (jta"i n.f. the inevitable
misjortune doom calamity death
na'Hittal'a prov. the inevitable
must happen; what will be, will b e^t-of/Tjr
(jllV ’a tala' ( ko ) sir se tal'na PH. / avoid get-
ting into trouble dodge t jfa”* go”i

ko' j a' na v.i. come toend be forgotten;

be a thing of the. past

af’it H *a qtleh sob’ ka mot met di'khilnh prov.
(W. dial.) here comes the meddlesome woman

Pit Ct a' nan fa' Am adv. (see under & /"n.f. id

a’na ka'nl n.f. arrogance purpose-

ful neglect dodging il‘f JJi/jLtf* ‘
a'na ka'm de ns (or knr'na) v.t. dodge ; prevari-
cate (A ~ I'll)

extant N.r. ^intestine gut ditrails ,
bowels I'fl&Tatt' utorne v.i. suffer from
hernia ; have a rupture £{ f£*i(f£Tah’tek Wlat
ja'na v.i. vomit feel sick ; filled or over-
come with nausea

qul huval'lah poA ra'ii bait s* PH. I feel very
hungry CMjr^jfhfi'tot ke baT kkpl'na^ ph .
eat to one’s fill after starvation
Uh sookWna ph. feel very hungry iX&Jfc « a*'-
tdimUhh ko ana ph. be distressed be
greatly worried feci suffocated
ul'ti ail’ te ga'leii par'na v.L be involved in
trouble catch a tartar
^f'aht n.f. purity test (of bullion) ; add-
test knot enmity malice i&iftatp

laga'na v, t. test purity of bullion
knot breed enmity (towards) bear
one) malice ^^lailt' sat^ N.r.

slot reconciliation unlawful aliancc
£rfa»'tf n.p. .aunt aunty [£}
j/fah’ti .N.F- knot a kind of wrestling
trick lUV'Wtl bats' na v.t cause adversary
to trip over

N -F Haze flame fire heat

0?’ warm!* fervour loss trouble t'T&l

***k a'aa (or pdhun&ns) ph,. suffer
a loss _ be in hot water L'lf tk'

ah A ki ka'sar raih' j ana ph . fail ,a» d\c critical
moment fail despite hope jtf'&7/&L'sahdl’
it ahA’ na'Uk prov truth has nothing to
fear

uffah'Aal n.m. corner of stole /Sfh u
(etc .) jjtfjft in Ad' pal' Loo n.m. '

embroidered border (of shawl) nfflwK t ilv
il^ah'Ad' ijsl'm v.t veil (face, 7 Ay^p*p'
etc.) (H.

Q>} ah' dial meh gi'reh dens v.t - use , Jf . gT
a memory tag (for errands, etc.) SwJhr®

. *i ah'doo n.m. chain or rope for elephant’s
feet chain worn big wrestler as trophy
h'dbS n . f . .dust storm strong wind
CM' 1 storm tOeLj cinJ^tah'dk Stik'na, (or
chal'na) v.i. (of dust storm) blow
akdhi ki tar' A s' ns ph. coom. suddenly like a
storm fyCiftfeJ: rf&JyifMah'dhi ki tar' if
a'na, bagoo'le ki Utr'h ja'ns v.i. leave as abrapt-
|y as someone (or something) had come/,
ah'dki kt am' nji. (fig.) windfall some-
thing going very cheap ; that which goes

jffahd.juiahdk n.m. (dial.) testicle

ah' 4* bah' it MM pl. a children’s game,
saunter ^4tXk\^M<&4 c boh'dt tta'na

(orjdul’na) v.i. saunter ; have a stroll

i£//t n rtrl api. honourary flB]
uTWw s.a tear I'TjJiah'soo s' ns,

* ak'too ba'hm a'na weep have tears in
the eyes ; have one’s eyes filled with tears
(Of lean) gush forth in the eyes 'ah'soo

potAk'na v.t. wipe (someone’s or one’s) tears
comfort ; soothe console ; solace I'kjPf
aXt* fk’ja'na suppress (one’s) tears control
one's feelings C^r^tah’soo ta'pokna v.i. weep y
d njd tears joo pkeot baih'na, ,jtr t y

i'y^acah'smeh U mihk iho'na,

at’jg’st ki jka'H lag *4, Mvjbjtfytjr’ i

ah' su' oh ka tar' batdk'na v.r. weep bitterly ;
burst into tears A

^la'msah n.f (courtesy title) Miss j
Mile, mademoiselle (A~ ] J[

tby^ah'k'rs n.m. hook barb ‘"s $3^
.^shepherd’s staff ; crook ✓

ati'kas n.m. goad for elephant
Sh'kas mttr'nB v.t goad
bring under control J

l * ^J &fahk'na v.t. appraise leap*
evaluate weigh or measure
for evaluation i^fahk n.f. appraisal
evaluation weigh or measure for evaluation
jrfahkk n.f. eye I'tjtahkk a ha v.r. & i.

have a sore eye fall in love (with)*y?i^r
il/aStkh a shob' kar'na v.i. have a sore CyeUj^f
~tfil^SahkkUtha' kar tdu na dtkk'na v.t.
disregard displeased feel ashamed IrfJ#
ahkk ijka\ kpr dekh'na v.t. look at
attend, to OftJfahkk Stk'na v.i. look at
jfiijL^fJfiftnahkk o'jhol pahar' o'jkd pgov,
out of sight,' out of mind ill
(IV ahkk ooh' A* (or bora' bar) na kar'na (or An-
na) v.i not to look (someone) ip the face
(through shame or respect) Clf ^jf'fahkk 6a Aa
ja'na v.i. (fig.) evade ; dodge ;*avoid
fyaftkh badia' kt nikal' ja'na v.i. slink away
iH M(J kjfjFtald& badsf mat para'ya (or
ya'roh ka) prSv. eye withdrawn, property
gonelt5(jM^T(j^faftAt (or ah'ktuh) bans' na
v.i. perform ophthalmic operation (on)
replace someone ’ s injured eye with an artificial
one I'A&ti/jfnhj/Tahkh (or ah'kkeh) bohd' kor '
na v. shut one’s eyes sleep

ahkk (or ah'kkeh) band ki'ye c^a'le
ja'na v.i. move ahead without fear walk
forth blindfoldedly move uncautiotisly
tijftjfjj^atikk bhar kt (or kar ) ydekk’na v.t.
look" to the heart’s fill Vlp-nCjff ahkk. bath'

«3 v. become blind ; lose one’s eyesight CtdJi
ahkk boidt'na v.i. become blind (of eye-
ball) sag V^tt/f^iyjrtahkk (or a ftkk'th) path -
ra'nav.i. be about to breatjie one’s last
have glossy or glazed eyes UC &/tFiahkk par
tin'ks rakk'na v.t. & i. place a straw on pud-
sating eye (as supposed cure for it)
ahkk par diark'na ph. have a special liking for
(li^Jfahkk.paptAan’na v.i. guess the inten-
tion (of) J%Jt^<kk pkorok'na^TH. have a
premonitxm (owing to pulsation in the eye)

(6

fJ 1 ahkk pkfot'na v.i. lose one’s eyesight;
become blind < f’%‘jjfjTankk‘ phoo'ti pir’ ga”i
PRQv^ better, the eye out than constant pain
VjjJd'fahkh phor'na v.t. hit (someone) in the
eye make (someone) blind nkk (or

ah'kkeh) pker' le'na v.t. turn away one’s eye

(from) ^withdraw one’s favour (from)
evade l&jJufJ'afikh pkaila' kar dekh' na v.i.
look carefully all over the place tl/l^Aahkk
pox' da kar'na v.t. develop keen appreciation
have an eye (for) ahkk(or ah-

kkeft tar' ho'na v.t. weep L'Jji^Wahkk
plait' dt kar'na v.t. & i. console.; solace
please oneself (by the sight of) VjQSidtankh'
te'rtd kar'na v.i. scowl ; glower drpi jfl'ahkk
| akna v.i y wink nap be dazed

Jjs? • , ‘/*(f*~Z f xfrahkk jhapakne kx .dir na
ki'tkak, <jt ahkh jkapak'te meh adv .
in the stwinkling of an cysCdfajVr'bjd&iikh,
(or ah'kkeh) jkuk'na- v.i. Have downcast eyes
(owing to shame) (or ah'

Ueh) Aora'na ph. evade, dodge avoid
'Tahkk tjurrka’na v.i. become angry
tofrinahkk cjtark'nn v.i. have heavy eyes
have eyes turned up while dying be
drunk uJfJuahkh Aamka'na v.t. & i. flash
one’s eyes (,‘Uj dtahkk (or ah'kkeh)

dMa'tta get the sight tested stare defiantly
frighten O.WatddL dab'na v.i. yield
admit being defeated V'ie2%/*?bjfatkk (or an"-
Hut) dak* 'ne ana v.i. have sore' eye(s) * suffer
from ophthalmia Vlbsidtahkk daura'na v.i.
look around *Ji*j()j*rd'fahkk dhgjdka”i ph.

unabashed unashamed OltJTahkh! dal'na
v.t. look at cast an evil eye (ost^jftbJPi
l'f li It ahkk (or ahkkeh) dabduba' a'r.a/v.i.
(of eyes) be moistened with tears (djJljfffyJ')
l‘S 3hkk (or ah’kkeh) rau'shan kar'na ph. de-
light (by appearance) 1 'Xj^( s ftkk rakk'na v.t.
A i. (lit.) cherish hone choose as one’s
target (etc.) ('jptpr'ulU^^.tJ'iohkk (or ah'kkeh)
rau'shan ho'na ph. be delighted on meeting
someone (met.) have children
ah’ Ml sam' tie kar'na v.t. look at attend to

(or ahkkeh) surkh ho'na v.t.
have redness in die eyes tib'Jlei&fahkk. se ahkk'
mila'na v.t. look (someone) in the face
claim equal status with challenge ; d^fy

JT

respond amorous glances £/jjZ.jtsS&k' u dekV
ke adv. knowingly with open eye aS-^T
aftkh it sal uni' le'na v.i. just wink at
someone in return for greetings be too
proud to return greetings save thus
1‘j 7 (se) ahkk sl'dki ho'na v.t. look on (some-
one) with favour i'iJs^jTahkk se gira’na v.t
debase withdraw V/^ Jl ahkk se gir'na
v.i. be debased O^ij^TljAaiikk, (or ah'kkeh)
sefik'na v.i. feast the eyes on make eyes
at ; cast amorous glances on (
ahkk ka pa'tu dhnl'na (or mar'na) ph. ’lose
modesty ; lose all sense of shame have no
courtesy left no longer have regal'd (for)
tJL^tfJi'ahkk' ka par'dah n.m, modesty
retina conjunctiva IjCVjtakkk ka ta'n adi.
(one’s) darling ; apple of (one’s) eye
ahkk ka til' n.m. pupil of the eye UlfWtahkk
kaeta'la n.m. conjunctiva l&S/Jfaiikh.td-
dhal'ks n.m. a disease causing one to run at
the eyes l , £jk / J?Tatikk ka dae'la n.m.
eyeball Jlj/df ahkk ka ghubar' n.m.
dimness of sight >V VJfafJk ka-
W}oz' n.m. modesty l ahkk'
kkdl'na v.i. get up ; rouse from
sleep be born become aware
learn the truth about

aftkh (or ah'kkeh) kku'\ki kki'lt 'rdih j'fna
v.i. be wonderstruck Oj'/iahkk kh.ol'na v.t
open (someone’s) eyes acquaint
IkriJjjJahkk (or ah'khet) kkol' kar “dekh'na
v T ; Jook carefully examine directly
eriahkk ki p&t'lt n.f. pupil of -the
eye pet J'Tahkk ki sit' n.f. modesty
regard courtesy JgfjJfahkk ki ki'ekaj
n.f. discharge collecting in eye comers eCJt
gjstatikk ke do’ re n.m. pl, reddened veins in
eye (as sign of drunkenness or sleeplessness)
(aC-l ^bXi'J^Oj/Tij/Taiikk (or ah'kkeh) ke
s'ge (of sam'ne) adv. under (someone’s) nose
l’ , y*rfahkk lija'na v.i. feel ashamed Lj}r \ T
Hi! ahkk (or sft'kkeh) a f ge lara'na v.T. /cast
amorous glances H^Jtatikk lar'na v.i; meet
the eye exchange amorous glances (‘0dt
ahkk laga'na v.i. sleep doze off &U
in love with make love to C^'ediahkk! lat'na
v.i. fall in lpve (with) fall asleep
ahkk la'gi n.f. mistress , keep un wedded

(of)

f;.W

20

I

wife (of) CjCjftafikh mar na v.l. wink at
drop a hint thus make eyes (at )tlf&fjesafikh
mickja’nn v.i. (arch.) of eyes) close die
tijgoftaiikk mifha'ha V.T. wink at

mi&au'li n.r. be-peep ; blindman’s

buff ; hide-and-seek tag afikw

mi&au'R kful'na V.l. play hide-and-seek (with)
1*1 kjftafikh mil ana v.t. exchange glances
V&(<juftl)ahkk (or ah'kkeh) muhd'na v.l. (of
eyes) be closed sleep die £Xsj £ 7
moofid' kt adv. with eyes shut ; blindly
inconsiderately VjSS(v*fPXl)jJ>taM. (or a ti-
mr wfid'na v.l. shut the eyes die

aMk mat'll kar m PH. frown ;
glower ; scowl trjtf c^Jtafikh- mefi pa'tu
m ho'nav.i. be shamefaced be immodest
tT afikh mefi pkul'li a'na v.t. have a
white speck in the eye become blind t^arT

Qy afikh mefi mo'fl hoot' hoot
ksr bko' re ho'na V.i. (of someone’s. eyes) be
exquisitely oeautiful ti U^'ifdZiSee'iaiikk
meM til ki sala”? pier na v.t. blind (someone)
by drawing indigo-tailued needle in his eyes ;
blind Ijj&d'jaz-ijt'jr'fafikk.' nak u durast'
b'ss v.i. have all the organs intact be
unblemished . afikh nam' kar'na v.i.

weep IjfMjrfaftkh nam' ho’na v.t. (of eyes) be
tearful Vwiijni afikh na utha'na v.t. & t. not
tp look at (through) shame or being busy
’yytjunkk na thai'kama v.i. be dazed (by
die brightness of) ; be dazzled ; be dazed
iJvJ'ertafikk' na nak', ban' no diatid'si
prov. (iron, for ugly woman) what a
beauty ! afi/ch (or an' him)

rf'Ai Ao'na v.i. feel ashamed be heavily
obliged (to) MjJ^atikh va'la n.m. & adj.
(one) blessed with, sight (one) able to
appreciate VyJt afikh ho'na v.t. & i. be
blessed with sight love (someone) choose
(someone) as one’s target ^.^((fsjjJfah'khofi
(id) atfkhofi men adv. in a jiffy winking-
ly Vlfi/fjjft afi'khofi par bitha'na v.t. treat
with respect or love hold dear
atfkhoh par pat’ it' bafidhina v.t. ignore
connive at i afi'khofi par (or pa)

padiah par 'na ph. be misled be deceived

par pal'kot ka-
hojh' nahlti ho' la prov. own. things are never

burdensome I aii'kkoh par

thik’ri rakh le'na ph. be blind to all be-
have in an unfriendly manner lose all sense
of shamzPfyjJZUr Tali' khan par char’bi charh'na
ph. be arrogant lose all sense of shame
refuse to own or acknowledge friends^yn
0>£dti\koii par diark'na v.i. be liked (by)
L'CfljIJsyjjJnah'khofi par divar utha'na v.i.
deny evident facts sir aii'kkoh

par rakh' no PH. treat with respect

or love hold dear

aii'kkoh par hath' rakh le'na v.i. (fig.) feel
abashed aii'kkoh ta'le ahdke'ra ana
v.i. feel giddy be struck with consternation
ifi'khofi ta'le phir'na v.i. be ever
in sight become large 1*1 i Cs^jldlil Ujj^a/T
ah'khofi de'kha ma'na, kv.'non tuna na ma'na,
d-i&L oM4- lat'kim dtkh

bhat para, mu] he ka'noh sun'ne dt prov. see-
ing is believing one eye-witness is better
than hearsay . ddkhl hat
n.f. first-hand knowledge J

afi'khofi de'khs mak'khi na'hifi nig r tl ja'li
prov. nobody will willingly swallow poison
Xj&£Z J^jjJu'ati'khon sukh kale’jt ihxrlt-
dak PH. % by all , means - with pleasure

se (or ke)

ah’dfu nam’ nain’ sQkk prov. black bloke call-
ed Mr. White ; be the victim of an irony of
fate IL. ^rJfil^Jjenah'kkoft se p'jhal koja'na
V.I. go out of sight I’ll Qy*Xi^ ** T Sh'khofi

se ba'ja la'na fh. .obey willingly and cheer-
fully aii'kkoh se tal ve saihla'na

v.t. & i. show love or respect (by rubbing
eyelashes, against sole of another’s foot)
(b(J\C)JtHi'kbofi se gir (or u’iar) ja'na ph.

* lose favour (with) b? no longer in the
good books (of) ah' Huh se laga'na

v.t. treat (something) reverently by touching it

with the eyes bjt'Js^dui-jjyr'i'afi'khoh se ma'zoor'
ho'na V.I. be blind V/lX jfy^O^ah'khoh se
mo'hinl pai'da. kar'na v.i. reflect love in one’s
eyes ah' khofi se nil dhal'na v.l

be on the verge of death 'UtfVfatiltijjiFf
afi'khofi ka afi'dha gafith ka poo'ra ph. silly
nevertheless careful of his pocket
afi'khofi ka tel nikal'na V i. burn the fnid-
night oil put a great strain on one’s eyes by

minute needlework, (etc.) it l/(Jj^\

ah'kkoh ka ka jal ch.br a ns ph. be an expert
thief be too clever ah'kkoh iff non’

n.m. .sight (one’s) son one’s progeny
jfkif'Jo^nsn'khoft fet ihahdak n.f. . person
who is (one’s) heart's

a'bht ah'kkoh ki f oo'iyah niksl'm b&‘<p
hain prov. the critical moment is yet to
Come you can’t be sure of the result so soon
tfl/fJt^teOj^Tah'kltoti kt a'ge ahdkeri a’na
V.t. feel giddy ( khoh

kt ~a'ge y ta're chotnk'na- (or ^kfltna ),
fa lie sfikkoh ke a ge shahdjna ho'ns

X.i. have speeks before eyes
i*Jlr U^afi’ kkoh ke age na k sodjfoo kya khak
PRov. one can hardly, see one’s own faults
(tV i > ifjdjjk* {/*> (sir) ahkkoh k* bal
fifttf/' kar ana (orja'naj v.i. come (or go)
respectfully a h ' khoh ke ga'rhe n.m.

pl. space round inner corners of eyes
t tlifjAtSh'kkoh meti ah soo dubduba s’ ns v.i.
(of tear^V gush forth ; well up in the eyes
pl!d^(j!f"ti^oA7ah'khAh meh ah’kkeh dal' ns
<?.T. exchange glances with look (some-
one) in the face Vyfc^Jj^Tsh'kkoh meh

pkir'ns (or bas ns) ph. be greatly liked
obsess ; be ever present in one’s mind t jtjj&'f
ah'kkofi men pi ja'na v.T. & i. stare
lovingly (at) refrain from reproof
I'jofi.. 5 h'kkoh meh iak'U fifty bho’ns v!t. torture
ah'kkofi meh tel Jags ' na V.T.
trump up an excuse ttiJtyfajcrf ah' khan
meh tkab'dak par'na v.i. be aelighted
ah'kkoh meh jan' Tina v.i. be on the
verge of death (of eyes) have rest Vfif.Uj&'i
ah’kkoh meh j ask 1 na, ah'kkoh meh

ja'gafi kar'njt v.i. be liked dtfQJjjjjjA'ish' kh oh
meh diar'bi child' na v.i. • (of eyesight) \veaken
become proud lose all d»cretion£^i>yrf
I'f ah'kkoh mefi ska' ka chaufid a‘na v.i. be dazed
r ah'kkoh meh hal'qe par ja'na
v.i. have sunken eyes UAjtjfjjen s’kkofi meh
tol'na v.i. adjudge mentally b'y; j 1
ah'khah meh khar' ho'ns ph. be ugly be
«n enemy be an eycsoT<£iij(J&ljJifj*jjJ%
( ah'kkoh meh khak’ (or dkooV) dal’ ns
(or jhahk'na) ph. throw dust in (someone’s)

*V'es cheat palm off one’s wares (on)

dS'u!', 0 ah'kkoh meh khoon' a' tar a'na
v.i. fly into passion have bloodshot eyes
[’/} (> ah'kkoh meh dam' ho' nil v.i. be on
the verge of death I'jj
sfikkoh meh dan'yamrik' (or ahttiur’) ho'ns v.i
be greatly shocked ah’ Khan meh

rat kat ns pH, have # sleepless night (JOA*
ah'kkofi meh lar'soh phool'na ph. see
yellow on all sides (VAf l )£kyjtJjrt ah'kkoh
mrit sama'na (or kkub nB) v.i. be greatly liked
ah'kkoh meh nulla' pm ho'ns
v.i.VaVe lovely eyes ClfifktypAfatikoh meh
sift'di chka'tia v.i. los£ one’s sight ; become
blind l’U£j/j£jjrT ah'kkoh meh khaje ja’na
v.t. stare with menacing eyes
ah'kkoh meh kkatak'na v.i. be die object of
jealousy or enmity V/fj£fc£OA t ( ah'kkoh meh
mir'ejufi bkar'na v.t. not to let sleep (jftjpAt
’Cs; ah'khflh meh rno'hin i ho'na v.i.** have
charming eyes i ah'kkoh u'lqt ja'na

v.i. be on verge of death ; have pupils up-
turned as sign of imminent death
ah'kkofi bidhka'na , V/ t nh' kkohfarsht-

rsli l:ar'na v.t rpdearpet show great
respect (to) ah'kkoh bahd ki'ye adv.

blindly unmindful of the consequences
ah'kkoh ba'dal It na v.t: be

fickle; be inconstant withdraw oine’s favour
(from) ah'kkoh bahd ketr'na v.i.

close one’s eves for contemplation sleep
die Cijpuffr'f sti kheh bahva’na v.i. get eye>
operated upon get an artificial eye

Vksi ah'kkoh pat' tam ho ja’na v.i. go blind
bfyfvtr'ahkheii pkat'na v.i. have a splitt-
ing headache be wonderstruck tfiitjfe , rT
I'U 5 j ah khoh pka'ti ki pha'tl raih ja'na vTT be
wonderstruckl 'AjUjI^ftah'kkoh pkar' phsr'kcr
dekhPia ph. strain one’s eyes gaze
wonder cast amorous glances VAtfr/

ah'kkoh pkoot'na v.i. become blind' , » J gG£*7
ah’kkoh pkoot' ja'na v.i. get blind
ah'kkeh poh&na v.t. wi^ off one’s teats
console ; comfort t ah'kkeh phi r' ja'na

v.i. (of one’s condition) become precarious
ah'kkeh. plw' le'nu v.T. withdraw

one’s favour (from)

ah’kkoh pke’re tote kl si. batch kart
mai'ns ki Si Pfcov. fair without, foul -within

22

jtjl

come across

kar np

wrT

fall

‘ ah kheh ta'ras jo na v i yearn long
enough (for the sight of someone)

Ljfdfi kheh thahdS kar'na v.j. be comforted
(by the sight of) ah’ kheh (hat kar'ny

v t face , come face to face with
an kheh ch&r' ho'na v.i. come ac
in love llpytir i&gtfitft etui' an a v.i. evade
CO tZ-tZsfijuri ah' kheh chhat' if lag'na ph.
be on one’s cleath-bed CUjJif7nh'kheh dikha na
v t glower get eyesight tested (by \firt
Ca£t$h'kheh dekh'na v.t. test the eyesight
(oO inculcate the habits (of) be in-
fluenced by the company (of)
ah He h sifed' ho ja'na y ph become blind (in
expectation, etc.) VW(JfP~ati khth.jai' na v.t
stare fixedly (at) I'ScJttJjii Ian kheh tab
(pi'li) kar'na v.i. show sings of anger
ah'kheh maxka'na v.i. look with blandishment
l> ij~ i ah' kheh mal'na v.i. rub one’s .eyes (to
remove effects of sleep) Q& L tfr'sdtikheh
ntkal'na v.t gouge out the eye scowl ;
glower CJgjJ'jjyrTankjieh n fH py/i knrnd
ph be^enraged > jjf* f ' jC v i befoupfr

ah'kheh hu'th char'"dil meh
a>a poyar', ah'kheh Hu'lh o t dil meh a'ya kha t’
prov. out of sight out of mind
gfnah'gan n.m. (dial. Cyiahg'nd)

courtyard , yard
ASidnahd' n.m. (dial.)

luxury (S)
jlah"o,a”oh n.f.

delight

mucous discharged in

* tenesmus ; mucous

)h** 'vol NiF, afterbirth , secundiness; uterine
discharge with foetus on delivery Jt'Jji
ah' val nal N.f new-born infant's navel-string ,
umbilical cordJjbO jtah'val' jhah'val n.m —
ihJL*\Jj*ah'val gat'ta n.m.

pl

twins LZ^(JJiah'vat gat'ta n.m. dried myro-
balan myrobalan fallen from tree | - fol]
Jjlahv'lah n.m. (same as>i-fr)

Zna'nah n.m. anna ; a former coin equiva-
lent to one-si xteeenth or a rupee one-
sixteenth share (in something)
i'tu pa”i ka hisab' n.m full account adv to
the penny

m I a n* jo’ni adj . transitory evanes-
M cent mortal [ - l‘l ]

Ijlava n.m. kiln 4 - f>; fi# IjTlfa-il « ve ka
a'va hi big’ra hu" a hat prov they are

chips of the same block it is rotten from
top to bottom

t a'va ja va n.m , Td Vd jd'l N.F
uncalled for crTands needless
exchajigc of visits scamper [ - C7- t*U]
9jfjiava rah n.m. & adj . tramp ; vaga-
bond, debauchee profligate
dissolute jJeJjIdva'ra-gar'd n.m. & adj.
tramp , vagabond profligate dissolute
dehauchee (fjysjl/fava'ra gar'di n.f. vagrancy
profligacy£,l/»jbt aid ra-mtzaj' adj. dis-
solute unprincipled ; unscrupulous
irresponsible _ if. (/* ulj i ava' ra-miga'ji n.f.
irresponsibility being unprincipled pro-
fligacy tjtj'i ava'ra-vatan'- n.m. & vypj.
alien ;.(one) away from one’s homeland{Mif
aaa'ragi (col. avar'gi) n.f profligacy
vagtancy irresponsibility lack of princi-
pley being unscrupulous fP] ^ .

Jijldvaz' n.f sound voice

ootcfii (or bitlafid') avdi' n.f loud voice
Cio’i jljfavdt' Othd'nd v.i. raise a voice
(against) . protest rtjise one’s voice fyJLfjW
dud' ba'dal ja'na , Clsyfjlji dvdz bi'gar ja'na,
">avaz bhd'n ho'na, CjefjljTavaz' bharra-
na v i. become hoarse Csjtjljiavaz baith'na v.i.
lose voice l^fckJIsTauaz' btilahd' kar'na v i
lift up one’s voice register protest , raise
one’s voice (against) ; Ijljiaoa'z-e pa n.f
footfall yjltlavaz par adv. at the beck and
call (of)’ guided just by the sound
aoaz-ejaras n.f call, for departure Cjjbiavaz
de'na v.t call out IjlfJ'jjZtyj&'jb'ava'z-e sa'gah
kam na-kjinad' ng'q-e gads' ra ph. malicious
endeavours of adversaries hardly affect a
sincere person’s lot Clhj Ijl^ jljTaoaz se avd(
mila'na v t bring in concord with ; be
armonious Chjljlezjl/favaz se avaz'^mil’na
v.i. be concordant; be harmonious j/*j*jiara'z-e
soot’ n.f. sound of resurrection trumpet
clarion-call > r >^j\S\ava' z-e ghaib'^ N.f .mys^,
terious voice ; voice from heaven
ava z ka filar' &arha"o n.m. rise and fall of
the voice^t Djljtavaz' ka pat n.m. range of
voice l‘/}j3'jcfjij\avaz meh r a" shah ho’na v i.
have a tremulous ^ voice I'JjljTavaz kar'na v i
call aloud fUJafatavaz kkjil' ja'na v i. recover
voice C*ffjljiavaz goohj'na v.i. _ej:ho , re.
sound have a stentorian voice (i^jljtavae

)ltf

lags' na v.i. (of beggar) cry out (of pedlar)

cry out one’s wares (of vocalist) raise his
voice (of birds) sing ; chirp
mek pot' U lag" ns v.i. (of vocalist’s voice) not to
: to be clear svsz' nek

chhiir'ysk (or katfriysk) hhari ho'ns' v.i. have
a very sarcastic tone aosz' men loti'

ho'na v.i. have an appealing voice
aoaz mek na'mak ho’ no ph. have a pathetic tone
•jbtava'zak n.m. report fame ^reputation

slander Vpdhfjbfaua’zah bitfakd'Jio'nay.i, (of
something’s fame) spread 'Jr jV aoi’zdh

(or dMt'er) kas’na v.t. taunt yell out
shanderous remarks [P] ^

fJW dos'zah N.M,(see under fair)

7 aua gav'an n.m. (dial.) metempsychosis;
transmigration of soul (S coming and going]
jjia'var suf cause of something that
brings jjjfsvard n.f. (in versification) art ;
lack of normal flow ad). artificial ; lacking
natural flow suf. result of ; brought about by ;
aftermath of oar'dah adj. (amount) brought
forward n.m. protege afteimath (of)
]P~ oljv/bring]

“ Yjiavtkhtah suf. ^ hanging ; suspended
'* attached

yfisuez’ suf. hanging attracting Jlsjl
** sve'zsk adj. hanging; sus-, ^
pended ; pendant attached ti
Sve'zsk kar'iis vyr. hang; sus-
pend attach ttfiavt'zah N.M. ear-
ring [P~prec.]
iy}j\sve'zi± n.f. enmity
" differences [P~prec.]

Aj'a* n.f. sigh cry of pain ; moan int
W alas , ah ; ah ah; dear ; dear me ; oh dear
tydrfhl ah' (or a'hek) bkar’ns, Isaiah' kat'na
v.i. sigh ; lament cry with pain Ifyiah
par' ns v ,t suffer retribution for oppression ;
be overtaken by Ncmeyi&fyfta' h~e jsh' kah' n.f.
heart-reading sigh jyj£*?oXah-e ji'gar-soz' n.f.
burning sigh L^iefs'h-e .rasa’ n.f .< sigh evoking
response; effective sigh #< s'h-e sard' n.f.
deep sigh s'h-e > ar &\ kket&ns v.t.

heave a deep sigh CjfjHjCMafc' kar'na (or
ikokt b'na) v.t. sigh’ moan 0>>Tah' lens
v i oppress ; tyrannize invite Nemesis ;

23

•J*

deserve retribution afm'

S'h-e turn sha'bi n.f.* midnight lamentation
midnight prayer t Ta'h-o-buka\ tfjljt #7
zrh-o-Za'ri,(jb>jeta'h-o-Jighan n.f groans

wailing lamentation [P]
jrfoha, llali'hi int (expressing delight or
wonder) oh wonderful
> *'a'hat n.f. footfall l a’ hat puna v.t.

hear the foot fall' (of) get an inkling
(of).l^viii tZfia'hat le'te raih'nz PH, be on
the alert ; be vigilant

^ skis' tah adv. slowly softly ; tender*
'"‘V* ly leisurely adj. slow slack
tardy so ft £*$2^ ahis'tak skis' tah adv.

slowly gradually by degrees
dkts'la rau adj. slowpaced J&iTahis' tags n.f.
slowness tardiness delay mildness
softness [P]

X s' hart n.m. (ped.) iron tffi/mar'd-e a' kart
strong njan jX\a' hen-gar n.m. black-
smith ; smith (fjttfa'han-gari n.f. blacksmith’s
trade jfia'Aant adj. iron ferric strong

hard Clb'jtTa'haril salakh' n.f. steel bar
Jjftfftta'kani sef n.m. iron s&hytfs' hatAk adj.

like iron strong hardt(jff»/F*atN»Nr
ahanU, S‘J(fl7a‘harA.‘azm n.m. firm resolve ;
unshakable resolution [P]

£*'ahakg' n.m. sound music ~ melody
harmony purpose ; intention
way ; mode time occasion [PJ
r'a'hoo n.m. deer ; antelope prf/ifa'hoo &adm
Jt' adj. gazelle-eyed (fd^rjahoo’-t haram' N.M.
(fig.) inaccessible beloved antelope of
the sanctuary -djr£~f{takpo’-e falotd n.m. (fig.)

sjWt^J i

\jgfa'fnah N.M, (ABB. Of <tlN.M.,'^r)

jla 'o n.m. coming used only in :) tsJdjIa'-'o
bfafgat n.f. warm welcome , courteous
reception \*»C> Ufjjfa”o dekka rut ta"o ph.
in ^reat hurry indiscriminately [~fl]
t&ta'in'dah adj. next future coming
ensuing subsequent adv. in
future again; afterwards ui/t
a'ikdah ikjttiya'r ba-das't-e mukhtar’ ph. you
have my word of advice ; now it is up to you
to accept or reject it j%(a'\k£ n.m.

(only ir> +ijt U*7n.m- pastcr(s)-by

(Jla"i n. f. & v.i. (see under ff-*)

I a ”* si N M - (arch.)

U.-O-O' Civil Service ; l.C.S.

Indian

Civilian

i - j

jfa’in' n.m. constitution (such ) law
4% '(arch.) regulation manners (jCi^fa’tn
bati'di n.f. jsublic decorations illumina-
tions a’i'n-e dad'-ra'si n.m. trial

procedure^ way of justice tfs/tifija’i’n-e
tahri'ri , tailin' a’i'n n.m. written

constitution (//JK'fctdai'n-e gh air lahrin
air navisfdtah a’i'n n.m. un-
written constitution c r£?fa”ln-e kohari n.m.
old Older former constitution -H'^Ta’in'

na'tmh n.m. constitution (arch.) manual

of rules and regulations^^ nau

(or navi') n.m. new constitution new
'ni adj. constitutional [P]

6a”«ft shs"eh n.f. irrelevant
" * .* talk ^ silly talk of discomfited
pctson!^( 5 t Al’(^ , 'a'’di 6a'’rt j&3'’rt fczr'na v.i.

talk irrelevantly talk in a silly manner
siJ'fa’l'nah n.m. mirror ; looking-glass

(*tr>7 a'l'nah aft’ </f»a 60 ja'na v.i. (of
mirror) blind ; lose its polish ZfS
if la 'i'na-e 6a' tin n.m. (fig.) purity
of heart ; heart ; clarity Qf con-
science CC. Jsfa’V nah bana'nz v.t.

manufacture a mirror per- '
plex (lfl)^JCjda”ina-e ha' lab (or ’Q

ha’labi) n.m. quality mirror (arch.) such
a one made in Aleppo xl^/f a ’i'na kha'nah
n.m. mirrored chamber jb^tfTa’ina-dar adj.
reflecting or echoing (views, etc. of) n.m.
(arch.) one holding a mirror (to) t&^Tai'nah
dikha'na v.t. hold a mirror (to) show the
pros and cons (of) put; {/jfjai'na-rukh' (or
roo') adj. fair ; blonde jlst>ta’i'na-saz\
a’tna-gar t n.m. # mirror manufacturer
glazier C^i^i-^leyj’yzdinah sam'ne se na hat'na
v.t. pay constant attention to one’s make-up
sikah'dar (or sikatidaz I)
n.m. (arch.) polished steel mirror stated to
have been installed by Alexander to detect
movement ^of enemy ships (lit.) magic
minor Ig^faTna-ffma adj. very beautiful
respondent a’l'nah kar de'na v.t.

cause to glisten (fig.) clarify; make absolute-
ly clear a l'na-c mujav'vaf,

mujav' oaf ainah n.m. concave mirror
n’ina-e mobad'dabJ>h-sj/ mohad'dab a'i'nah n.m.
convex mirror {Jl(/ 4 ££. 7 a’i'ne meh bal n.m. crack
in the mirror L'Tijff^d'itu meh bal a’na v.i.

(of mirror) be cradted me*

Tr.uhh de’kho ph. don’t give yourself airs [P]

3 >. a n.f. nurse lady’s maid

't aya-gari n.f. midwifery

C ) ay a conj. whether if

* .whether or not [P]

Vfa>3 v.i. (p.T. oft! v.i. *) r&jggSM-

^Aa'yat n.?.*la'yah n . m . ( n . f . PL.^iJa'yat’)
’.(Quranic) verse sign (of God) mark

i'yat-il kur'si n . f . the Throne Verse ;
verse 2 ; 255 of the Holy Quran describing
God’s authority r£J a'yat-e kaii'mah n.f.
the Penitential Verse ; Verse 21i87 of the Holy
Quran repeated as a penitential formula
t_w<*6 adv. now presently; just now (jjjL/i

ab, 6fcf adv. even now till now ; to
the present time ; to this moment yet ; still

paehh'tat kya.

hot jab chir’yaft chug' ga"i ft kket' prov. it is no
use crying over spilt milk L'jCslfiab’ tab kar' rat
v.i. evade ; dodge ab' tab ho'na v.i. be

on the point of deathi^i-daft' tak (arch, wvlw
ab' talak) adv. till now ; yet , still
hitherto rahg la"i gilaifj'ri ph.

(exclamation about mischievous pa$on) now
does he show his true colours^wiao' s* \£r> v -
henceforth, henceforward ; from now on ; 1 in
future Ififtiab' ka adj. of the present time
the next ; the followingJwIa6' ki^lj^iab' kr
bar' conj. & adv. this time this once

** tot •*'

ke sath,jab' fa bad jab' it sath- prov. changed
circumstances call for a changed itjiom
ab * ke conj . & adv. this time
ab' ke ba' eke to sab' ghhar ra'fjie prov. saved
once’s saved for ever w “e^tab'na tab' adv.
never in no case ; under no circumstances
?- */lab'ke ba'ras adv. this year <

ab N.M. (PL. a6a') (ped.) variant of.#
abo’o N.M. father JJja'baA adj.

partiarchal paternal [AJ

25

Cltia n.m. refusal ; denial detestation
l '/it iba‘ kax'na v.l. detest
1 1 ab'ba N.M. daddy ; papa; pop^lflilab'bajan,
,flt ab'ba ji n.m. respectable father int. dear
daddy ; dear papa
(JtLlaba'btt n.m. swallow; martin
n.m. pl. flock or swarm (of
birds, etc.) ( - sino.JI/ swarm]
iJZ&il iba'hat n.f. leave ; per- ' JT \
mission liberty ; licence yj

w

i\i, ubal'na v.t. boil J tynbal' n.m. boiling ;

•j, ebullition rage ; fury ; fit of passion
Mtfjlimi: ana (or B tk'na) v.i. start
boiling have a fit of passion have a
sudden but transitory longing (for) or aversion
<to>KUD4ifi*a'/3 suba'la adj. (of dish) badly
cooked merely boiled tasteless ; vapid
tyjljilbi uba'ti dal mil'na v.i. have tasteless
food [~U]Icaus]

I ibtida' N.f. . commencement begin-
ning origin lifl&l ibtida kar’rta v.t. begin
make a beginning take the initiative
ibtida' ho'na vx be begun ibtida ’
meii ad v, in the beginning : at first ; originally
dli}jibiida”i adj. - preliminary initial
primary ibtida 'i ta'tim’ n.f. primary'

education ibtida’ 'i huroof n.m. pl.
initials initial forms of letters opening
words J U>ly$liilibtida”i tib’bi imdsd' n.f. first-
aid ibtida''* mad rasah n.m. primary

school^ UfiUi l ibtidH mada'rts n.m. pl. primary
schools [A]

ibtida 1 ' n.m. innovation [A~ w^]

(Jjfyf ibtizal' n.m. triteness meanness
vileness contempt [A ~(M]

y^fab'iar adj. spoiled ; spoilt vitiated
ruined destitute miserable confused
disorderly (rare) issueless I'/p.iab'tar
kar'na v.t. spoil vitiate upset ruin
Vjfifab'tar ko'na v.l be ruined be spoilt
be thrown into disorder (f/ltab'tari n.f.
disorder mismanagement confusion
rain [ ~ k/i curtail]

ibhszm ' ’ n.m. (pcd.) smile cheerful-
„ ness Jeftabas' sum’ n.h.^ IA]
vifibtila* n.m. misfortune; s’-oke of ill-

-luck temptation trial fA- Ht]
few\ibUhaj' n . m . happiness cheerfulness
^ ' gaiety ^ilarity [A -
[tflubot'na (col. ktbUt’na,tfl\ib'tan) n . m .
cosmetic unguent mixture of perfume*
oil, flour etc. for rubbing the body with
ubat’na mol'na v.l. rub (body) with it ; apply
unguent (to body)

jflab'jad n.f. Arabic alphabet according to
Hebrew order of letters alphabet
ABC ; rudiments (properly called
mat) mode of reckoning number^ by the letters
of the alphabet. (Following is the value
attached to each letter according to this sya
tern of reckoning :

>

£

J >

•

>

o

00

X ** (O

•n

-tf*

CO

CM

O

©

00

g i

&

s

r

©

•*<

J

o

CO

/

8

i

m *

&

J

g

©>

g

00

O ©

o ©

fs (O

©

g

i

1

Any letter not included above has the same
numerical value as the. one written like it in
this table.) < J lfidftab'jad khati n.m. one who
is beginning to team his alphabet ; abecedarian
beginner ; novice ; tyro [A]
j\J\abkar , /.lob'hur n.m. (pl. of/Vu. *)
p Jiab'khirah n.m. pl. vapours steam
‘S' evaporation exhalations fumes [A —
sing,

i\¥l ab'khal' adj. & n.m. very miserly (person)
[A-t^] ....

JtSdbad n.m. eternity ; time without end
* a’bad-ul-abad' adj. eternity of eternities ;
time without end t il a'bad-ul-abad' lot
ad v. forever ; forever and ever tj/a' bodan' adj.
forever ; etemallyi£*fa'W* adj. eternal ;
everlasting perpetual endless Cdtlabadly'-

jit n.f. eternity ; cverlastingness per-
petuity endlessness [A]

sMa" n.m. innovation [A~*^f]

n.m. PL. an order of saints y
saints devotees ; religious persons [A-

SWO^OT^]

y'-T 1

26

/JJ^| ibdal' n.m . (gram.) substitution of one
* letter for another ; substitution [A ~J>]

(• fllftMatl' N.M. (PL. OffiifN.M. it)

.e.t*'badlKti).&'j>labadiy}at n.f. (see under
Wajnm. it) "

abt n.m. cloud bahar’

J,i ( or baha’rsh or baharj (nrc^yjab'r-t bath'-
mm) n.m. spring clouds (J\j\sjabr-e-ba’rah, j j\
«br~t tar' n.m. rain cloud(s) u&tfabr-t tunOk'
mm. light cloud Clfiri abr Ma'na v.i: be

cloudy (of clouds) be overcast ; overshadow
jljyi abr-dar' cloudy j^Lju>jabr-e dar'ya-bar' n.m.

saturated clouds ; rain-bearing clouds
(fig.) generous person C*$Sjabr-e rath' mat (J/i
abr-e karam n.m. much needed cloud
God’s grace »y*2labr-e siyZh n.m. dark c)oud
abr-e ghaHz n.m. thick cloud(s) &4/Jab r
kkal'na v.i. (of clouds) be dispersed (of
sky) become clear St^jjabr ghtr ana v.i. (of
cloud) be overcast tjysj abr-e mur'dah n.m.
spong ^yjabr-e mi’safi n.m. spring cloud (s)

(this as) rain-bearing cloud [P]
jtab'ra.tjilobrab n.m. outer fold of a double
>vganr»ent ; outer fol^hjltyjalfra aur as' tar
N.M. outer fold and lining [P]
jtydlabrnr' n.m. holy men [A ~ sing.]

ibraMm' (occ. barahim' among
Christians fe/jabraham') n.m. Abraham-
gika'r-e ibrahim N M. pyre metamor-
phosed into garden (A ~ H]
fyHbram' n.m. pressing necessity solici-
tude persistence [A]

(jZ/Jab’ras adj. leprous (one) suffering
j fiom leucoderma (A ~

•Jyjab'rak (Arabicised asJyjab'raq) n.m. mica ;
talc

SJ\ ab'roe N.r. eyebrow(^£^; (j^ljjjyiab'roo
par (ot tntk) ba!' a'na (or par' na) v.i. knit

the brow ; frow ; scowl ; glower
ok' no par mail' na a'na v.i. not take something
ill Qljj'lab'roo lan'na vt. & j, knit the brow ;
frown ; scowl , glower, ^f^jylabroo-e jateu.'
mjs. (fig.) crescent [P]

N.r. marble paper (P)

_c

jf^labre' sham, n.m. raw-silk silk co-
coon abre'xhami ad|. silk ; silken

(A- p ]

jfylibtiq' n.m. ewer spouted waterpot

w

U>l u'basna (rare tybus'na) v.i. become
j stale rotCldlubsa'na v.t. cause to rot
\t)\absar' n.m. (pl. oOf'N.F. *)

tlty abtal' n.m. (pl of^N.M. *)

^j\i^tibtal' n.m. refutation falsification
} * ba'til adj.-^[A - yrtfc^N.M.]
i?Jlat>‘ad' n.f. pl. dimensions extremeties
jp ab's'd-e sala'sak n.m. pl.

the three dimensions, mz . , length,
breadth, and depth (or diickness)

[A ~ SING.Xjl]

Jj)\ab"ad adj. sup (pcd.) farthest ,
most distant ; remotest [A -SUP

|0f ub'ka n.m. slip knot round neck of vessel
, for drawing water.

ylabkar' N.F. (pjd.) (PL. of ^ bik'r) virgins
f (pl. of *J>buk'rah) mornings (A)
f\\£\ubka"l n.f v act of vomiting nausea

* sicknessl‘i)#lfiM:a' , f a'na,£?iu'bakna v.i
vomit ; disgorge expel ; cast out

Jji'bil N.M. pl. camels [A]

g/lkl iblagh' n.m. communication

iiha'ro iblagh' n.m. expression and com-
munication [A ~£>ji]

M'l ab'laq adj. piebald , mottled^ blank

* and white n.m. piebald horse f Iffliab'laq-t
ayyani n.m. nights and days .; motley time (A]
{jSflab’laqa n.m a species of cuckoo

(^luis/ra v.i boil swell flow over
rise well up L'lfyiu'but a'na v.i. boil
over overflowl^c^ u'bal per' na v i. boil

over over flow swell OlfUbaina v t if
J>\ab'loh n.m pl ,J»bulh) simpleton adj
simple stupid ; gullible bashful
ab'lafartb' adj. sly ; wily knave impostor
huckster (fCiab'lahl n.f. foolishness , folly
stupidity ; gullibility f A]

^tiibUi' n.m. (pl^Ii abatis' ->l(iaba'luak)

27

devil Satan mischievous person [A ~
yf 1 frustrated person]

n m. (pi..Clalma) son child
'CM'* 'n-t a dam n.m. man mankind
(dial.) Son of Man ; Jesus^i )\£i ib'n-il-amr
adj. high-born ; of noble birth or bloodjW’crt
ib'n-us sabil' km. traveller (f/d^/Jib'n-ul-gha'ra-
n.m. selfish person ib'n-t mar'yam n.m.
Mary’s son : Jesus 4 ^y<y< ib'n-ul-vaq'l n.m. time
server libna'n.M, pl. sons peoptej&Ot
abna-t- juu n.m. pl. persons (of same quality
and rank) ; companions equals abna'-e

jahah' v fj£lsiabna'-e dok'r (or daih' r), jtfpjjLty
abna'-e roz-gar'jl>J^-V*labna'-e zamanah n.m.
pl. people humanity ; mankind con-
temporaries fA]-

t,aboo',Lf>lab n.m. (pl. 1 1 aba) father pref.
(abb. boo) father having ; evincing
possessor of ; owner of connected (with)
distinguished O^flr^JJiabnl -baxhar' n.m.
father of humanity ; Adam sfjjahoo'bak’r n.m.
appellation of first orthodox Caliph ; Abu
Bakr t^l/jjaboo' /ttraf', L-'l/J.boo lur&b' n m.
Dusty (as appellation of fourth Orthodox
Caliph) (Jfjiahoo’jah'l n.m. (or jaih'l) Father of
Ignorance (as appellation of one of the earliest
antagonists of Islam) ; Abu Jahl tj/jj}aboo’
hurai'rah n.m. Kitten-owner (as appellation of
one of the Companions of the Holy Prophet) ;
Abu Hurairah^la haul adj. (sec under n.m

★)fA]

^/Ijlabvab' N.M. (PL. oftp'fN.M. if)

^/L/lubbsr'na v.t. (see under if)

> . •

ft\abhd'i nn adj. & n.f. unfortunate (woman)

/ i~ JV]

\W\ibham' n.m. ambiguity thumb (AJ

i^jfUt'bkarnd v.t. rise . grow gain in
prominence ; become prominent come
to the forefront ; come into the lime light
become salient achieve fame ; become pro-
minent ijhjtubh&r'ns v.t. rise up; lift
unload induce ; pervade incite excite
give prominence cause to be salient
/fila'bhl adv. now just nose ; right now
even now already in a short

while this very moment.; immediately;
instantly till now [~i_W-{J"/] .

(J I ib'bi n.f. toss-stroke (at tip-fat) t j/^jJJib'U
dab’bt kar’na v.r. play tipeat
aU abe int. you rascal sirrah , siree
* a' he ta'be km na v.i. address disres-
pectfully ' .

&l/labyat' n.m. pl. ofi^Vi.F. if)

i lil&bya'nu v. t. get sick (of) get tirsd
(of) be or get fell up (whhJuyldfiAya'-
hat n.f. irksomeness ; weariness
y fiabir ' n m. (rustic for if)

jJCf\ ab’yaz adj . white snow-white

milk-white more or most splendid^*
U?siJ>ah'r-e ab'yaz n.m. White Sea [A~ (J/tf- ]
abiqoor'n n.m. & adj, epicurean
abiqooriyyal n.f. epicureanism [E~G]
/K y /Jrtt abail' dabail' adj. & n.m. weakling
** ** subservient

upar'tm v.t. uproot cause to blister
** fyupar' n.f. blistering (of skin)

Upar' kar'tta v.r. (of skin) blister [~ C^caus.]
fgir ( apa'haj adj. crippled lazy ; indolent
n.m. cripple indolent person
U'paj- n.f. new idea flight of fancy

wit (lit.) produce ; yield U£» U’pqjrtB
v.i. spring up , grow sprout ; germinate
(of idea) rise in mind ^

t/jbl Vpdcsh' n m. (dial.) sermon
'•'* updesh' k.ar'na (or de'na). v.i, preach l
d/uie'shak n.m. (dial.). preacher [S]

Af y[nprail' n.m. April Jji^laprail'/ool n.m.

All Fools’ Day April Fool [E]
lylu'pmna v.i. give a good impression be
'** well-printed (of skin) blister
1^1 a p' sara n.f. (dial.) gay girl ; prostitute;

courtesan (H. myth.) dancer at Indra" s
court (H. myth.) nymph [S]

D'lap'/d n.m. dung-cake - ). -

v ap'le ikap'na (or di»irT^|f*>a)
v.i; jireparc dung-cake eCTv!
ap’likasfmn n.f. application (EJ
{^lap'ii a pron. one's own
* personal : individual appro-
priate exclusive n.m. relation , rela-
tive , kith and kin liCiop'ta a' pa n.rl

* s 'f

one’s self; oneself IP I ap'na ap’na adj.
respective personal individual IPj IPj
k l ^j'J^ e a P na a P'na hai, parz’yz par a y a p'ro’v.
close sits my shirt but closer my skin ; blood is
thicker than watertyvusj I IPj ap'na mV loo si'dha
kar'na ph. wheedle someone grind one's
oyn arte ; look to one’s own interests
UfJ^ap'na ul' loo Pa'hifi na'fnfi' gays prov. I
stand ip no way to loset^l/ ^ I ap'na bans' le nS
v.i. Win (someone) Over ciUlyjb&Okip'Tta
bega'tmh (or parz'yz) n.m. all and sundry
friend and foe related and unrelated persons
y&JtljfriOjttpna. pool pars’ ya dhifigra prov.
every man thipks his own geese swans jdLapXjj
frOijf£fap'na pet to kit' tz b\d pal'ta hai
prov. it is not manly on ojie’s part tolook just
to self-interest

■ap'na pai'sa kho't 3 to parokk'ne Va'le ks kya
-qUsoor' prov. if your money is bad, the assayer
js not to blame I

ap'na pet paih'le dhaftpo doos're ko naftga pt'chhe
kaih'ns v.i. those who live in glass houses
should not throw stones at others
ap'na to' shah ap'na bharo'sah,2l'£~\'J>jiP t \ ap'na
to' shah ap'ne sz'tk prov. every tub must stand
on its bottom VJl&ty ap'na thika'na kar'na
v.i. shift for onesejf arrange separate

residence for oneself ap’nZhisab' kar'na

v.i. settle one’s account (with) &£-40lap'na
ras'tah le'na v.i. . wend one’s way not to
meddle with other, affairs IPJ ap'na rakk

pars' ya chakk prov. save one’s own and spend
another’s Ijjtrjjfyl ap'ns ro'na to' ns v.i. air
one’s grievance talk of one’s woes

Jap'ns sa mifih le kar raih' js'ns v.i.
hang down (or hide) one’s head in shame CVlJ)
It/ ap'na sabe'ta kar'na v.i. fend for oneself
ap'na sir' pit' le'na v.i. curse oneself
CtfjLsOiap'na sir' kha'na v.i. (iron.) do
what one wills not to pester others VjCfyty
ap'na soojh'ta kar'na v.i. fend for oneself
ap'na ‘aib bhl hunar maHoom'
ho' ta hai ph. one’s own vice seems a virtue
Cy ap'na ham doos're par na da'lo
ph. if you want a thing done well, do it your-

■ielf V/lPl ap'na kar'na'v.T. mak^ (someone
. or something) one’s own /, attach (someone)
to oneself embezzle (,0>fJ)ClJ\Pl ap'na ki'ya

to

pa'na (or bht'ga/na) v.t. suffer the conse-
quence of one’s misdeeds face the music
ap'na gkar' bhar’na v.i. aggrandize
oneself use one’s position to ope’s personal
advantage ^)C?S^j t >/0\ a p'na gkar’

door' se soojh’ta (or na'zar) a'ta hai ph. one
seizes on one’s personal advantage fy-A IP, I
ap'na la'hoo f/i'na v.i. suffer oneself
ap'na meith dWo ra(k)'kho ph. don’t ^you
hanker after it you do not deserve it
jr, ap'ns mifih de'kfto ph. you do not deserved
Bbci ap'na tram' ba'ial dal'na v.i.
change one’s name put one’s honour at
stake for something Ufi tfffyVfjglap'm ng' men
ap'jal'na v.i. vent one’s rage on oneself j'lcl'i
Ujf(Jj.ap'm ap m bc'li bol'na v.i. (of each) press
one’s claim simultaneously &Ctv f l%Jap'ni ap’ni
par’na v.i. look out each for oneself
Ljijtyap'n* ap'm jafti ap’ns ap'na rag prov.
everyone has his own fad Jf ,>lf -(! rjfy ap'nx e'ri
de'kho ph. do not cast a malignant lookvO^I
Cifji ap'm bat par or' ja'.na vvi. uke a firm
stand (j>Jjjfy\A>^ifyap' r& pith dikka n i na'hifi
de'li ph'^ none can see,the beam hi one’s own
eye 4 ran' kho'liye ap'
hi lajofi mar’ ye prov. wash your dirty, linen in
public and be put to shahie (Oflj (AtbJ'iap'ni
rah' lag nS (or le'na ) v.i. not to meddle with
others affairs tyd>i/dl»&Jap'ru kfcal meti mast ’
raih'na v.i. be happy despite poverty
frjtfap'm kafn’ na aur ki sura ph. without

v.i. settle enough dower on one’s daughter
. ap'm ga'H mefi kit' la

bhl sher' ho'ta hai prov. even cowards are
bold at their own post’; every dog is valient at
his own door pvery cock is proud of his own
dunghill A tfof ^/P'rngauh' ks yar' ph sel-
fish friend wfaJpgsiQ

ap'm nzk ka'u to ka'ft, para"T bad shagoo'tti to
ho' ga i prov. never mind if the.nose is cut, at
least the face has been spited
ap'm mftd so'nZ ap'rii riiftd uth'na v.i. lead a
carefree life be subservient to^npne I

ap'ne ap adv. by itself (ctc.)(frJCjiL2£lap'nc

pa" oil par kka're ho'na v.). stand on one’s

feet achieve self* sufficiency^^t/ilA^/^-l
^ryfiap'ne ap'ne vaq't par har chi’z' achchhi
lag'll hai prov. everything is good in its season
ap'ne pn°on^ ap kal'ha'ri mar'na
ph. dig one’s own grave ap'ne ta'ili ph.

(arch.) oneself ap'ne fa ah (or

faaboii) adv. according to oneself
" o. ap’ne haq meh kah'te bo'na v.i. cause one’s
own ruin 1 ap'ne dhab ka ph. (person,
etc.) after one’s heart the type needed
Vjtf&ap'ne ssi'e se bkl dar'na v.i. be very
cowardly H&jf ap'ne kamse kamrakk'na

v.i. mind one’s own business ap'ne

ki’ye par pachfcta'na v.i. regret one’s actions
'nt Wye ka kya ‘llaf PH^there
is no remedy for one’s own misdeeds <
L* ap'ne In' ye ki saza'Phugatna (or pans)

v.i. face the music <U

ap'ne gireban' meh mlhh dal'na (or dal- kar
dtkh'na) v.i. undertake honest self-criticism
i^Oy&i~\ap'nt muhh mi' yah mit'dw . ph.
self-praise uno recommendation
Hi ap'ne mlhh. miyah mithoo ban' na v.i. be one’s
own tiumpeter ; indulge in self-praise 1

Vji/'U’ap'ne muhh par tamahekah mar'na v.i.
chastise oneself -tfdCOIjjSlfrflfdLtnp'ne hi tan' ka
pho'ra sata'tata hai v.i. one is betrayed only by
friends dpna'na v.t. adopt make (some-
thing or someone) one’s own JdQapna'y at n.f.

kinship family relation
J&\ u'panishad n.m. philosophical portion of

* Hindu scriptures [S]

{Ml a'pkarna v.i. swell out gormandize

* be satisfied with food be full
grow strong boast be. puffed up with
pride - become very rich ; have one’s head
turned with affluence n.m. (aph-ra') flatulence
adj. (apk'ra) swollen elated satisfied

fbfya'pharja'na v.i. be overloaded be
elated be saliated M/$laphra'na v.t. stuff
gorge feed (someone) so that his belly
swells out give (money, etc.) to the utmost
extent of someone’s desire
\jj/\nphan'na v.i. froth ; foam ; effer vesce
boil over (fig.) make a wry face

A Up' pi adj. (of sword, etc.) burnished
* whetted .

(dial, m.) appeal fyfiiJfclap'irda'khil
" kar'na v.t. & o. file an appeal uJilapW
kar'na v.t. file an appeal Cj^ij&'foapil'
manzoor' kar'na v.i. allow an appeal (/^Japil'
khas' n.f. special appeal apil' 'sai'sari

n.f. summary appeal ^<X,\apil' ‘ am n.f. regu-
lar appeal J^&tfpapil' mutakha'lif n.f. cross
appeal [E] " „

&lat n.f. extreme /dslat ka adv. extreme '
t at' gat adv. very much .

Cl at a' N.M. father chief Mi'iata bik n m.

(arch.) Turkish chief princess tutor
Premier Usfiata'-turk' n.m. Turkey’s father
(as appellation of Mustafa Kamal, the buildtr
of Post-Caliphate Turkey [T]

C\it'ta Adj. (col. fori fiii'na) this much; that

much a.[si\it'ts sa adj. & adv this
much a little ; woe bit [ ~l> l]

C£f| a'ta pa' to. n.m. whereabouts details

iCtyia'ta pa' la bat a n a v i. give details about
tell the whereabouts (of)
lyCfiilar'na, iPiMutar' de'na v.t. cause to
alight or dismount unload (cargo, etc.)
land lower ; bring down take down
tear off cut off disgrace resent
enthrall (11) expel . (12) make a recompense
(13) shave off (14) remove (15) free from (16)
take off (clothes) (17) cast off (18) make away
(19) uncock (gun) (20) let down (21) lay (in
grave) (22) produce (23) distil AlStar' n.m.
descent slope ebb-tide fall decrease
reduction in price alms
char ha" o n.m. ebb and flow rise' and fall

fluctuation ups and downs : vicissitudes
(of life) loss and gain plot Clrjti star
ja’na v.t. gulp down bijCl Star' de'na v.t.
(pull down) take ofl dishonour ; disgrace
CPj(] star ' le'na v.t. copy take down

insertitiatjr'ra n.m. slope running into river,
etc.) ; wharf halting place cast off clothes

offering (moved a certain number of times
from head or foot of someone to appease or
exorcise evil spirit) I'/'hhlSla' ra kar'na v . t .
takedown dismount iolXljCista'ra Star na v.l
dispossess evil spirit thus ; exorcise (pjUtUia'ran
N.M^cast off ciotbcsjjChlta'roo adj. .sloping

'(J&l

bent upon I'jfjjQuta' roo ho'na v i. descend
A be bent upon l'y\utar'na v.i. if ^ >

ata‘M,ifj!ialachi n.m. attache (/ZtfJ 1
ata'cjii ke s' n.m. attache case
(f'll spares' ata'shi n.m. Press
attache [E]

ffiOala'liq' n.m. tutor ; coach ;

^ structor precepter mentor

alali'qi n.f. private tuition ; coaching
preceptorship [T.~ fl* father]
m itla'ola adj. precipate impatient
hasty U sir'd jfi Via" old soba”ola PROV
haste make waste^figla'V/i n.f. precipita-
tion impatient haste adj. impatiently hasty
dla”* n.m. & adj. (same as'tflfc^N.M. if)

f. (•* atba n.m. pl. followers ; following t/£\
C/* * i'ltibz f ' n.m. following ; toeing the line
obedience [A~ #]

.y ilt'ehad' n.m. unification unity
>17' union united front alliance amity
friendship treaty ty‘jlf y iitteha'd-e sala’sah v.i
arch.) Triple Alliance, (fs&l itteha’di n.m.
(arch.) Allied Powers ; Allies adj. ally {A ~

J\Ut'tar n.m. north adj .-northern [S]

Li/fitra'na v.i. strut give oneself airs
behave boastfully act coquettishly
IJsi itra'ya adj. boastful conceited ;
arrogant coquettish

(Jjjfliilra'i N.T.flJiutarta adj. (see under tVf

.?•«*}

jyji alar' soft n.m. & adj. day after
(>t tomorrow day before yesterday
ly'lu'tamz, I'UyfU'tar ja'tta v.i. alight;

get down land disembark lodge;
put up ebb wane cross fall off
• fade be born (11) reach (12) decrease ;
abate (13) fall in value or dignity (14) be faced
from debt (13) become insipid (16) flatter (17)
be disgraced (18) grow old (19) become pale
(20) grow v thin (21) be pulled down (£2) die
(23) fell upon (24) change (25) come down ;
descend (26) be revealed 1‘t'Slu'lar par'm v,i ; -
settle alight get down lodge l/'liel'ra
li'Vtdt'ra hi’ a adj. fallen dismissed
defended weakened waned ebbed

aliy >ted shoih'na mar' dak nam

prov. no power, no respect ; out of place, out
of grace tyjIUtra”? n.f. coming-down ;
descent come-down ferriage VjlUtar'ta
adj.&adv. waning (moon) ebbing (tide)
descending decreasing </? Cyiu'tarta hu'a

adj. worse meagre of lower quality

ut'ran n.f. cast off clothes
dylutrarig' n.f. top piece of door-
case

• . utaruana v.T. cause to
** y ' alight cause be taken off ;
get doffed [ ~ I'yt caus.]

n.m. description praise
. qualification [A~i>*j]

(Ji&iittisal' n.m. junction being adja-
..... '■ ccnt t A ~ ch]

(J&Httifaq' n.m. agreement concord ;

harmony coincidence amity .
alliance unity ; union. consent chance;
opportunity event ; accident equality
(1 1) probability Cjjfalittifag' ban' tm v.i turn

out well harmonize L’^G IHUifaq par'ns v.i.

occur ; come to pass ; happen itiifa’q-e

ha' saiiah n.m. favourable opportunity
lucky chance good fortune ; stroke of good
luck 4~bjb>littifa'q~c ra’e n.m. unanimity

consensus concurrence £i-£-l)0\e)\ittifa'q-c
ra"c st adv. unanimously itiifa'q-e

ia"t ho-' no v.i. have consensus of opinion
(of concensus of opinion) be V^dlPuttifaq*
rakh'na v.t. live in harmony be on terms
of intimacy a q' st by chance ;

accidentally fortuitously toMthcr ; conjoint-
ly in conjunction (with) V^yQ\iltifdq‘ kar'na
v.t. unite agree (with or to) conspire
form a friendship IjfO^jtllifaq' ho'na v.i.
happen _ be agreed harmonize grow
intimate ulift ittifa qan adv. * accidentally;
by chanoe occasionallywW?U']i«{/a?3«' n.m.

chances events accidents occur-
rences aqa' l-e ha’sanah n.m. pl.

unexpected terms of good fortune agree-
able accidents }l}&ffli,Utifaqa't-e zama'nah n.m.
pl. vicissitudes of fortune Xdj.

accidental ; chance ; fortuitous incidental

contingent (expenditure) casual (leave)

•« **

agreed ; unanimous *^&uttifaqiy'yait alj.
chance ; accidental casual contingent

adv. by chance ; casualty [A ~ lj>]
l**U iteqtf n.m. piety abstinence shun-
^[ning [A~c*6>]

rUl aiqijya' n.m. pl. the pious adj. pious
« ./devout righteous; virtuous [A ~ sing.

ypiittika n.m. reclining (against) de-
, pendence ; reliance [A
Jtyit’kah (or at'-) n.m. husband of one’s foster-
mother or midwife [TJ-
itlaf n.m. loss destruction ruin
<* decay [A~^]

Aut'tam adj. best highest excellent

ul'tam khe'ti

mad'dbam biyopzr, nikfcad' gia'kafi bWik na-dar'
prov. of means of livelihood agriculture is ex-
cellent business mediocre, service the lowest
and begging the worst
ntairi adj. (more or) most perfect
utmost extreme pty-* ba-dar'ja-e atam'

(ped . da'raja-) ph. extremely to the
utmost [A-.j'tf' sup.]

** — itmarri n.m. completion accomplish-
< "^ment perfection {Ultima' m-t huj' -

jst n.m: final bed fulfilment of a condi-
tion [A- ]

Clifna adj. (f. (jflit'rS) as much as this
so much thus far C^^t/tS'iit'nisi J>at n.p.

a minor point ; just that much
it' rS si jan' gazf bhar ki zaban' ph. too saucy
for one’s years it'nt se it'na ho'n a

ga'jra PROV. cheap things cost more to main-
tain than to buy it is easier to build a new
house than to patch an old one U^.isL I it'nt mek
adv. meanwhile ; in the meantime upon
this ; at this U“i ut'na adj. (f.^I ut'ri) as
much as that ; so much ; that much that far
{Pi Ut'na IS adj. exactly that much dCiUfnt
adv. as many as that ; so many
yw'too N.M. (arch.) embroidering or plait-
ing plaitipg ; puckering ; marking
plaits ; plea bana'na (or kar'na)
v.t, (arch.) embroider (arch.) pleat
(fig.) beat l)lue (fig.) vilify (fig.) make a
of </v"> Ut'Uxbia&lUjiut'too-saz.JjW'too-

. *•

gar s.u. plaiter embroiderer t/J'ut'tto
ho'nsv.t. be disgraced be scandalized
[corr. of P pr. u too]

Jt?i itvar' n.m. Sunday

.<•* . itteham’ n.m. imputation charge ;

I 'accusation suspicions slander
censure tf^f'id'l itteha'm-t be-ja', (tel if 4- be-ja'
itteham' n.m. false accusation uncalled-for
slander

pQffathah' adj. abysmal ; bottomless un-
fathomable deep unfordable [ ~ neg.

1 "t/^3

UJ?lutk'/g adj. shallow (fig.) unable to
t .. keen a secret

{JtPIW thattm v.T. turn topsy-turvy ; upset

turn over O^O^iQ’tWalna pu'thalna

v.t. upset ; turn topsy-turvy cdfiSfltfa'na

v.T. turn topsy-turvy upsc

pit' that adj. upset ; tops -tu>-vy

VJii'thal puJUal kor'na v.T. tui i topsy-turvy ;

upset PzTtJ^Criu'thal pu'that o'ns v.i. be

topsy-turvy be upset

iJ^Lla'ta tut' adv. (full) to the brim [ ~kl]

> */*

^Llafa’di n.m. same as^TWN.M

(/jl)ata'ri n.f. upper room ; ggj£SjlJ||
garret penthouse JBB^jP^P

(|vlata'/a n.m. lumber goods lS ' t[

chattels stock mass, heap
commodities ; provisions *

ata'la kor'na v.t. heap mass Lji/ ill fata 75

lad'na v.t overload

ata'na v.t. fill fit [ ~ 1^*1 caus.J

fjl/t /sta octh n m name of an Indian town
£ ata’ve ka ka'rigar n.m. (fig.) brag-

ging workman who does not turn out to be
very skilled at his trade

atpata'na v.i. talk nonsense waver
V iinger at' pat bol'm y. i.

gpeak incoherently talk nonsense
^ y at' sat n.f. cleverness ; ingenuity
plot ; intrigue l'l*J J^sJ/lat sat
laps' na v.t. plot sat la' rl ho' tut

have inspired have an equation (with)
l*j£n<sfJta'na v t. stop hinder impede
restrain cause to falter postpone
jV<aika' , o n m, postponement hurdle ;

32

hindrance restraint detention [ t^iCAUs],
/JP I at'kal n.f. guess ; conjecture sup-
position presumption opinion

rough estimate at’kal baz adj. conjscturer
JrVpiat’kal-paflt'ilioo n.m. wild guess ; random
guess ; mere conjecture adj. uncertain
Conjectural adv. at random at'kal sf adv.
approximately ; by conjecture ^ffej^lat'kal
se Asm le’na v.t. guess ; hazard a guess
a’tak matak n.f. coquetry

atak’nn v. i hesitate stick rest
* falter be entangled be dependant
(on) L ltfat'kana V.T if . .

at'kan bat’kan, era I at’ kart mat'kan
* n.f. (formula for) children’s game

comprising self-prepared make-believe feast
t . MPatkhe'lt n. (usu. pl.) gambol play-
l/~ ’ fulness blandishment coquetry
C&juJIatkh eliynk soojk'rm v.l. be in a play-
ful mood llfoiLfnatkhe'lijsfi karna v.l. be
conquetish

rf\atal' adj. inexorable inevitable
permanent unchanging firm ; determ in-
' ed : resolved [ ~ neg.
ijrimt'las n.f. atlas [E]
b '

r\a'tam n.m. heap

isiat'na, tyJslat' ja'na v.i. be filled to the brim

&l Vutk'ga adj. (r.JPtiitafi'gl) teddy
(trousers) ; high drainpipe (trousers)
shrilled ; badly shaped

l*)*' j Utah' gam n.m. a species of nettle

J • atvafi'G khatvzfi'ti,

afin'fi khatva'ti n f. state of
women who takes to her bed in grief or trouble
or feigned illness atva^l

kkatm'fi li'ye pa? raih'rm ph. be confined to
bed thus feign illness in protest
t^ffjiatoot' adj. inviolate unbreakable
indestructible integral ^Ji^j\atoot'
aiigPL, (dial;) integral part (neg. i + J>j]
jfS Mb. suf cighttltflitftfiiaik paih'ri (or paih'-

rtya) n.m. & adj. (one) with round-the-

clock duty

j 9 ' M

Vtjat’tka n.m. (at cards) eight ]

ut'thz bai'fhj n.f. (see underOlv.i.

. b ★) „

i/Wla{t)tha'rak n m. & adj. eighteen
, y a{t)&a ravafi adj. eighteenth >>

(jwo(t)tha'si n.m. & Adj. eighty-eight
y a(t)ika'sjvaii adj. eighty-eighth
(J&lufkan' n.f. (see unde rflfrt v.t. if)

f Utka'na n.t. lift take up hoist
erect Lake (an oath on) take away
pack up produce invent awake (11)
excite (12) bear ; suffer ; endure (13) -carry
(14) gain (15) incur (loss) (16) expend (17) re-
move ; drive (18) nullify (19) abolish (20) put
aside (21) steal (22) eject (23) breed ; bring up
(24) raise or rear (wall) (25) effect C'jClS'iuiia'-

detta v.t. exterminate

abolish

do away with L^Uiuika' rakk’na v.t. assume
(responsibility) ; take (responsibility) upon one-
self put off (till tomorrow , etc.) spare
utka le'na v.t. take up, pick up
clear undertake utha’ leja’na

v.t. take away kidnap abduct
walk off with ellflUthari N.F. (dial, m.) up-
bringing growth rise ; ascent elevation

opening # sexual desire development

of breasts jtflUiha' , oo ^dj. portable
mobile ; moveable Uj§!telutka"o 0 stfio'th^ n. m.

portable stove rolling stone

uiha ,, i-gl , ra vt.u. petty thief; pilferer; larcener
larcenist I^Vcaus.]

a(t)th.an^ve n.m. & adj. ninety-eight
j 'JjU) a(t)tkan'vnan adj. ninety-

eighjh

udta"oo n.m. (see Under CUlv. t . if)

a(t)tka'van n.m. & adj. fifty-eight uijldr
> y a(t)tka'varwan adj. fifty-eighth
( J\^\ a(t)tha”is n.m. & adj. twenty-eighth
a{t)tka"isvafi adj. twenty-
eighth > . >

gi'ra N.M. (see under lU7-fc)

J } jr •• Jt

iriffth v.i >4 WVi(t)hci ADJ., U/ath'/a adv. (sets)
under Wv.i, if) ,

»%ffathat'tar n.m. & adj. seventy-eight
s \ l<ithat' tarvafi adj .^seventy-eighth
liitplatfc/a'na v.l struct walk coquet-
tishly walk indifferently

34

is' no ‘ashar n.m. pl. the twelve Shi’ite Imams
is'na ‘a'shari n.m & adj. twelver ;
Shi’ite believing in twelve Imams [A *• Iwtwo
^tenj

^OSir ADJ. high lofty [A]

fasts' n.m. ether [A~G]

ya’bat n.f. grant , acceptance
* * consent, compliance answering
auph) motion; stool Ijr? (Si)*) ija’bat
(Afcif has ) ho no v.i. have a good motion [A-

tj\fl ija’rah n.m. monopoly contract

leased »jty ija'ra-dsr’ n.m. monopolist

lease-holder In ija'ra-da’ri n.f. mono-
poly Oj tjfft ija'tah de'na v.t. give monopoly
Vvlft i)H' rah kax'aa v.t. engage be ac-
oountable for Iri iji'rah le'ns v.t. take
monopoly (lease a monopoly (etc.) sl’ulrt
tja'ro-na'mak, t$&^;ifiija're ka potto n.m.
deed of lease ( etc. ) Cf^dtytija're de'na v.t. give
«n contract [A]

l^UHyar'na v.t. uproot pull down

lay waste plunder ; ravage depo-
pulate mud jlfiijar' adj. ruined
demolished deserted waste depopulat
ed desolate n.m. desert wilderness ;

waste ; wasteland devastation, ruin jjty

Hja'roc n.m. wastrel ; spendthri(t ; prodigal

adj squandering ; prodigal 1*5 t< H'jdrnB v.i.
Ija'zol n.f. permission ; leave

sanction licence consent
» ja'iot daA'M V.T. take leave of sfeek

permission dfojUi ija'zat khah N.M. one ask-
ing permission ija'zat de'na v,T.

permit ; allow authorize empowei^fc^Vl
•jaitflt rntTna v.i. get permission get a
tiomce^A]

adj. manifest bright
luminous conspicuous ll/Jff t Vja’gor
her' ai v.t. show off or up make conspi-

cuous i'jtjyi tja'gar ho'n a v.t. be or become

n.m. sunshine
daybreak ; dawn light (fig.)
glory l<rf»i>illf»^a'/a ho ’ na V.I. dawn ; (of
dayjbrtak he daylight be lighted ; be

lit uphiV'tLiflija'U ka ta'ra N.M. Morning
Star ; Venus Olflujal'na v.r. burnish
polish brighten cleanse
(£} if I vjan' adv. (rare) upstream

W'lf 1 aja'nib n.m. (pl. of c^f<Aoj. & n.m. if)

ijbar ‘ n.m. compulsidb ; constr ain t

.♦ force repression [A~ /.)
ijtiba' nm. choice ; selection [A]

ijtima n.m. gathering ; concourse

meeting assemblage congrega-
tion combination conjunction co-
existence community society
ijtima' ‘-e ziddain' n.m coexistence or combina-
tion of opposites Vstfci ijtima'' kar'rta v.i.
gather ; combine ; league hold a meeting
convene £/%W>jroo'k-*l ijtima“ n.f. spirit
of society ’espirit de corps' ijtima”*
adj. social collective community
congregational ii lima ' ‘1 tah^f'Ttr H J t

collective security c }S(f'w ijtima"! taroq qt Mr.
community deyelppment f) ijtima' ’f

jid'd~o jah'd n.m. collective effort-
ijtima' *1 mansoo'boh kj*. community project
]

k^\£%jijtimb' n.m. keeping aloof; shpn-

ning abstinence abstination
ijtinab' kar'na v.t. shun ; keep aloof (ftomV
[A^l

I *y. ijtehsd' n.m. exercise of judgment
^vy*. 1 exertion earnest effort interpreta-

tion of la-amic law ; authoritative interpreta-
tion (fj&tijuha'dl' adj. interpretative Jvfa&i
. ijteha'dl mas”alah n.m. interpretation of law-
point

jl/ffajdad' n . m . pl. ancestors ; toafcthar
{A~8INO.>f}

> i 9j<*4’ *t>J- rude ; unfldftinarly idiotic
ignorant Inconsiderable njs. ill
mannered fellow errant blockhead lout
idiot irjotf gatoor' n.m. unmannerly boor
J%\aj'r n.m; reward ; recompense re-
muneration Cj^Ug’r ddna v.t re-
munerate recompense ; reward (A)

I# *7 ra n.m. enforcement issue exeea-
tion service circulation t'/'tfi ijra 1 '
kar'ita v t axeeuie (decree} issue sat

on foot ijra -e dig'ri n.m. execution of

a decree .

l*ljZlajram n.m. pl. bodies (r^iajrs'm-e -
fa’laki n.m. pl. heavenly bodies [A ~
sing. ffjirm]

^IT'f rat n.f wages remuneration

Jj’lS/ig ADj (see underlay. i if)

ujarrta v.i. be ruined become
desolate be demolished be ravaged
be plundered be deprived of inhabitants ;
be deserted be spent die be violated
\>jr\ j \ a adj. ruined desolate depopu-
lated deserted ,/j.i (a I 'j’fa diyar' n.m. waste-

land ^har n.m. house lying in
ruins (fig.) ruined family j r .& t) j': s

adj. (v.tfjgffjQ Jj'\ i p'j'ii) in ruins; desolate
~>jarvdna .v.t. cause to be laid waste
cause to be ruined

fyrf ajza' N.M. PL. parts ; portions
members ‘ ingredients constituents

elements parts ajza-e larkl'bi n.m.'

pl. constituents (A ~ sing. /Sj\
jLZ'l ajszd' N M (pl. ofA-^N M. if)

I Lfl ajsam' n.m. (pl. if)

Pf’laj’gar n.m. boa constrictor dragOn

n.f. death hour of death
term of life stated, time destiny
a'jal-rasi'dah adj. overtaken by
fate doomed Ci&/()fla'jal~sir par khel'na
v.i. (Of death) loom large d'jal-girif'tah

adj. doomed in the jaws of death [A]
fyffajal’ adj. (more or) most glorious [A -cfcs
sup!]

iMfvj'la adj. (v.JflVj'li) white clean
clear luminous ; radiant splendid
lovely (/jfUfi vj'la a d'mi N.M. (fig.) respect-
able man ifrllitf xfla fly ad(. quite white
quite clean if la pan n.m. whiteness

cleanliness . lustre intelligei ce Itlfl
Hjal'na V.i. , (of jewellery) be polished Olft
gjui rm, Ctj/fl Xjalvfna v.t get (jewellery)
pc'i.hed

C/'Dff ijl&s km. sitting session bench
(of court) meeting ijlas’ forma'

adj. & adv. presiding in session
( jla's-e ka'mil n.m. full bench (of law-court)
ty/lifl ijlas'kar'na v.i. be .in session
preside sit in court* r^Htlifi^khUsoo'sl ijlas'
n.m. extraordinary meeting ifUflZUissala’nah
ijlas’ n.m. annual meeting iftiftflfd+khtfla
* am ' ijlas' n.m. open general session tflffit/^
‘umoo'nti ijlas ’ n.m. general meeting [A
&j)?lajlaf' n.m. pl. scum of society the
vulgar ignoble people [A- siNO.*-^f

jiff]

j . ijlal' n.m. exaltation glorification

( JVf' ijla’l-o thtiram n.m. respect

and glorification idtZoo’U* ijlit N.M.

arrival (of important personage) Clfl)
nuzoo’l-e ijlal " farma’na v.t. (of important
personage) arrive ; come (A- J*)

Jflajil’lah n.m. (pl. of cJM^adj. if)

Otp ijma *' n.m. consensus ijmdf-a

urn’ mat n.m. consensus of Muslim opi-
nion l?\ftijma’ , l adj. based on consensus [A-

Jifl ijmal" gist ; abstract ; epitome ; sum-
mary abridgment, synopsis

(arch.) joint possession * s

ijmal’ ki yell hai ph. a detailed account of the
points is (that) (j l?i ijma'ti adj. brief
abridged (rare) joint ; undivided
ijmal’li khandan’ n.m. (arch.) joint family [A]
)aj'mat adj. more or most beautiful
lovely [A ~ J^sup.j
ajma'ln' pl. all together whole
[A ~ sing. $£( '■—'££]

Jj%\ ajmood’ n.m. parsley

• ••

ajnas’ n.f. pl. commodities crops
cereals goods genuses [A- sin£

jf~Q]

aj’anbi (ped. t^&laj'nab) N.I fc (pl. fdlf*
aja'nib) stranger foreigner; aHen
adj. strange foreign new to a place
unfamiliar aj ndtnjat N.r. unfamillarity
strangeness cold attitude ; lack of

warmth [A]

(*/ f ajva" in H.r. a species of dill dill-
seed 'JL'ljtflftajifa’'in khurasaid n.f

haoV hmhan* mu d

»j£i

36

ajoo'rah n,m. (pcd.) re-
ward wages remunera-
tion (A~Z*1

in', aj'kal adj. most ignorant
U ** ignoramus dunce [A~jjV
ror.]

vjht'nn n.m. dung cakes or firewood
arranged in hearth before setting fire to
it

(£l a'jl int, (for calling attention) Hallo
I say Sir a' ji jane ifcj

di'jiyt ph. don’t you tell me leave it
alone( ~

Dlglvjjrn'fa adj. (same as Uifi n.m. *)

ej'ifan n.m. adjutant [~E CORR.)

£i,ajir‘ n.m. employee [A

ran adj. vexatious wearisome
burdensome opperessive dis-
tasteful \j,}Jul?Aaji'ran kar dt'na v.r. make
things difficult for Clfjr’Jyf.laji'ran hoja'na v.i.

grow burdensome become vexatious
be distasteful be sickening

a&a'pat n f. things (esp. provisions)
*'* V bought on creditfWl^Vl uehapat uthana
v,t. give (provisions, etc.) on credit L’J^Ui
i«fta pat la'na v.i. bring (provisions, etc.) on

credit

,J>

adj. disgusted ; dissatisfied
tired dull bored t'bjj-iU/ u&at' ho
jd'ns vx grow veary be bored be-
come disgusted

vUfosSar' n.m. pickles dnl'nn

V v.t. pickle preserve (fig-) cause
to vegetate P(6'U(a^ar' niknl'na v.i. crush
e&a'nak adj. (dial. ^jflsiadian'chak)

** all of a sudden ; all at once unawares
by chance unknowing

iin a&'pala adj. playful ; sprightly
yZl rcsllcssJtriisiafhpala’ha} n.f. playful.
b^s ; sprightliness restlessness

v.t. be separated (as plaster
from wall) rebound (as sword striking
obliquely) bedisheartened be displeased
be sick of ha' a adj. cur-

sory careless y&Jjfcfri uthatl hul na’ttu n.f.

Hi

71

disgust

ii auyi

C'?' 1

cursory glance t Pi ucktann v t
cause to turn away from
&f)o(k ar j (dial, a'charaj) adj. strange
> ' surprising uncommon ; out of the way
a'chomn v.i. (rare) be uttered be
spoken be pronounced
uchak'ka n.m. pilferer pickpocket
swindler bad character knave
iicfiak'ka pan n.m. pilfering r vindling ;
fraujl knavery

7 1 ach'kan n.m. tight long coat
with full-buttons in front ,
achkan

uchakna v.t. & t. rise on

* tiptoe jump swoop down
carry away understand ; guess

u'chak kar adv. rising on tiptoe leaping
up i yjftu ckak le'na v.t. swoop down
carry away guess correctly slip out (of)
reach U’chak' le'na v.i. swoop down

( firZlacham’kha n.m. wonder marvel

astonishment adj. wonderful pro-
digious strange uncommon l/y!L^fia(ham'-

Iha ho’na v.i. be astonished £?y aefcam’bke
ka adj. astonishing ; marvellous^
aepambhc kt bat n.f strange affairpf *

acham'bke met ana (or ho'na) v.x. be lost in
amazement be perplexed be astonished
be bewildered

i^’.ach'chhs adj. {r . dZ'ach'cthi) good
excellent sound pleasing ; agreeable
appropriate serviceable ; useful right-
eous ; virtuous healthy pure correct

(1 1) genuine (12) lucky (13) cheap (14) pro-
ductive (soil) (15) lovely (16) delicious ; whole
some (17) noble (18) benevolent (19) clever ;
skilful adv. well granted nicely
admirably int. yes well ; very well
exactly very good no matter never

mind well done fine all right too

trueUlrl/iasi'rAfva kha'ss adj. & adv.
quite well not, bad raih'n <k

v.t. fare well kar'm v.t.

cure do good do right C/bPtatk'tkjta
kaih'na v.t. say yes call good speak

well (of) l^^iaeh'dhka lag'ra v.i. be pleas-
ing afford pleasure be agreeable look

nice fit well enjoy relish benefit

jjfc

37

ro>

l‘jf tyadk’dihB fto'na v.i. recover, be cured
be in sound hea\th(*z-)Z/ y i>(jfi acfc'eh hi tar' A
(re) adv. well carefully duly suit-
ably thoroughly ; fully plentifully
satisfactorily (ffyvl acfc'chhi ka'ht int. (iron.)

well said what next strange ; how
strange too true 1 adi'skhe n.m. pl. the
good betters patrons ancestors ; fore-
fathers upper classes men of birth, posi-
tion, literary merit, etc. £~- 1 ei£- ' «£&' silk#
a&dkh* n.m. pl. persons quite high up in life
/Os I atfi'clihe a&hoh ko. n.M. your

” V ^ '

betters men who count I acb'clthe din
n.m. pl. better days se adt'ekha
adj. best ofalljt^itf^'ffika"* n.f. good
virtue good point good features
i/l^l Vtkha'ls n.m. (ef water) gush, spurt or

.sport l~

fhhak'ka n.f. strumpet
^ Canton who exposer her bosom

UL&lu&'h&al'na V.T. throw up toss;
^ fling up make known ; make famous
bring to disgrace ; scandalize (of child)
vomit (milk)jt-s*5£<2£-k£f l-V' so'na ucthal'tt
(fog' It ja”o ph. (there was such security of life
and property then that) you could go about
tossing gold on the road [ ~ caus.]

(see under 1^1 ad j. it)

l * C*%ll*£iatjthta'na paefsbtana v.t. (col.)

V repent repine

Ufi u'cfihalna v.i. leap ; bound issue
* gush forth ; spurt out fly out
rejoice be full of glee be puffed up with
pride be in high spirits ; be wild with rage
Vi'Jfl ucjihal par'na v.i. leap up with joy
spring break into a passion be

frightened < S dfrolte phtr'na v.i. feel

elated be in high spirits be puffed up
with pride l/fj+i u'chhal kood' n.f. leaping
and jumping ; hopping and skipping
frolicking revelry

jgjaA'c&koo n.m. suffocation choking
Ijjffiuet'dLh 00 ho'nav.i. have a catch
or frog in the throat be suffocated (in the
act of swallowing) ; get choked
Dif^lpAhva'ta n.f. caudle

achkoot' n.m. & adj. (H. dial.) untouch-

* ab,e t~ NEG - 1

v P&l ochhoo'ta adj. untouched by hand
unused new unique remark-
able dsfi acjihoo'ti n.f virgin (dial.)

such Shi’ite devotee adj. untouched,, by
hand unique untouched by death jj£i
a/a^ihoo'ti kookh n.f. woman whose offspring
are all alive

jUl afa d’ n.m. pl. units ; any figure be-
tween 1 and 9 Traditions transmitted by
only one narrator in each link of chain [A~

SING.>r(]

4 ^is'jlflahadTs' n.f. pl. Traditions of the
Holy Prophet (rare) news [A ~ sino.

eha'tah n.m. enclosure compound;
close premises precincts boundry
circuit area ; territory I eha'tah
kar'na v.t. enclose surround fence
limit confine [A ~J0Uwall]

Lmslfl ahbab, Iftahibba' n.m. pl. friends
lovers dear ones [A ~ SING.
jlflahhar' n.m. pl. Jewish priests [A -sing.
. ..s?¥br]

{j ehtibas' n.m. stoppage restraint
w (rare) imprisonment [A

ehtijab' n.m. (ped.) seclusion
* * retreat (A ]

ehtijaj' n.m. protest ba-sad'

* ehtijaj ph. after great protest S-jr
zer-i ehtijaj' ph. under protesj & l? rl 4~L*sada 't~
thtijaj n.f. voice of protest yZi&'&'&lusoda'-e
thtijaj balatid kar'na ph. raise a voice of protest

[A

ehtiraz' n.m. abstension ; refraining
from abstinence for bearance
avoidance evasion guarding against jy^t
Vf ehtiraz' kar'na v.i. abstain (from
avoid refrain (from) [A]

£) ehliraq n.m. combustion burning;
conflagration scorching heat [A]

*' ihtiram' n.m. honour respect
^adoration ; veneration [A~*S*V]

ehtisab' n.m. check evaluation
restraint reckoning making
up accounts police administration
fSS&ithti&am' n.m. pomp magnificance

ft*-

jn&i

38

U'l

parade retinue [A ~ Jr ]
thlx&t n . m . (fit.) enjoyment [A ~&\

J &\ t/ftikar' n.m. hoarding [A]

I ejtilam' n.m. wet dream ; nocturnal
pollution Bright’s disease [A~ ^

i

tm.

/J ttytim&U n.m. apprehension con-

jecture likelihood doubt sup-
position probability presumption JC?i

ehtima'li adj. conjectural probable

likely hypothetical doubtful

ma'S ehtima'll n.f. (gram.) hypothetical past
tense {A-t^ ]

ebtiyaf n.f. want need im

digencc necessity emergency £>Ulri

ehtiydjcLt’ n.f. pl. wants requisites

necessities [A -wflr]

ehtiyal' n.f. caution circumspec-

** don care foresight scrupulous-
ness heed td-kCfl ehtiyal' se carefully

cautiously ehtiyal baralna , v.i. be

cautious ; act cautiously lyhC^lektiyat'

kar'rm (or rakk'na) v.i. attend be careful
take precautionary measures watch
guard against I ehtiynt'tan adv. as a
precautionary measure pruAtnUy^CfUhtiya'tl
adj. precautionary ehtiyal' ti tadnbir'

N.M. PL. precautionary measures ; precautions

[A]

J*\ a had n.m. one unity God*-^
ahadiy'yat n.f. unity oneness ; being
individual harmony alliance
zn't-e ehady'yat n.f. God as Unity I ah' dt n.m

(ped. a'/iadi) (one of) a body of soldiers in the
reign of Akbar somewhat of the nature of pen-
sioners sluggard idler ; undolent fellow ;
busy person [A

ehdzs’ n.m. (ped.; invention novel-
ty[A~4^]

J'jy<Jfrar' (or aih-) n.m. pl. free-born per-
sons liberals the noble generous
persons ingenuous persons [A - sing, yhur]
ain tf)raq' n.m. burning setting on fire

1A1

fl/l tip am' n.m. pilgrim robe ; shroud-like
garment comprising two white unstichcd
sheets swam by Muslims during pilgrimage to

Mecca interdicting all. worldly enjoyments
thram‘ bafidk'na v.i. don pilgrim
robe make a vow of pilgrimage preparatory
to entrance into Mecca ehram '

n.m. pilgrim robe [A]

**sf7l a h* 5ft' n.m. pl. parties n.f. the Holy
Prophet’s defensive war against the
onslaught of allied clans [A
l •Jty'f ahzan' n.m. (pl. of^>N.M. +)

ehsas' n.m. sense feeling sensi-
tiveness perception as'

dila'nav.T, cruse to feel I'Jlr e fcas' kor'na
v.i. have a feeling V/; ehsas' ho'na v.i.
feel [A-t/^]

ehsan' n.m. favour; kindness good
office obligation (Jl7 (J> ehsari

(ka bad'lah) ntar'na v.T. do (someone) a good
turn in return for his favour t b-*} ths&ri -
uiha'tia v.i. come under (someone’s) obliga-
tion owe a debt of gratitude (to) Clf^Ls)
f/tsari' jala'na. v.T. speak or boast of favours
conferred (CuC }. ) IjPijls’tehsan' dhar'na (or
rakWna v.t. place under an obligation
fr/ijehsan'-faramosh' adj. thankless ; ungrateful
Jtyi/ efysan'-faramo'shi n.f. thanklessness ;
ungratefulness ; ingratitude V/c)k^e/}San' kat'na
v.t. oblige ; favour ; do a favour to
ehsatt' le’rm v.t. be under obligation be
indebted istjls'l e /sari manna v.i. feel thank-
ful (to) ; feel obliged (t o) Jp&ks* ehsari -maM
adj. thankful ; grateful obliged ; under
obligation (to) ; indebted (to) thszn-

mafidz’nah adj. grateful (attitude, etc.)
thsTin -mart di n.f. thankfulness ; gratitude in-
debtedness

af/san (or ail/-) adj. best better
, perferable more or most lovely

excellent tfM ba-tafl'q e aihisnn adv. in

an excellent manner ; nicely aihsan t,

ahsan'ta int. bravo ; well-done < aihum't

kaih'na v.i- buck up say well-done [A~

PKEC.J

a/ ska tut. pl. bowels ; intestines
(rare) contents of thorax (like heart, liver

lungs) (A ~ sing. l>]

rhsa’ k m. calculus counting ; enu-
merating narrating ' comprehension

LAI

39

d W'l tftsan n.m. chastity ; sexual restraint
(rare) besieging ; investing ; circum-
scribing [A~t/^]

ekzar' n.m. attendance appearance
summons summoning
elfzn'r bil jabr' forced attendance {A-yV’j
jit? I ah fad' n.m. pl. grandchildren

Jr l ahaq' adj. (more or) most proper
(more dr) most deserving [A- £T sup.]

j\jtZl thqaq' n.m. demonstration of truth (of
doctrine etc.) proving due adminis-
tration (of justice, etc.) lifO&lehqa'q-e haq n.m.
establishing the truth (of) proof of truth

[A~<n

ah'qar (or aih'-) adj. (more or) most
contemptible meanest lowest n.m.

(usu .’aih'qar) (as self-humiliating expres-
sion used out of courtesy for other’s) I your
most humble servant [A— //sup.] ,

akkatn' (or aih-) n.m. (pl. of hukm
1 n.m. if)f'Jfr r le$cam' n.m. strengthening ;
reinforcement fO ah'kam adj. very strong

firmer most stable [A - ^ ]

/IV I ahlam' n.m. pl. dreams [A -SING. / I
( hulm] '

jv? I ah' mad (col. aih' mad) adj. (more or)
most commendable n.m. the ^ Holy

Prophet Ahmad this as a male named^Vi
CijSaih'mad ki pag'ri maihmood' ke sir
prov. rob Peter to pay Paul i)

aih' mad AS da’rWi bari ya maihmood' ki
prov. quibbling (fjfsaih'madi adj. of Ahmad
n.m. (also I aihmadiy' yah) (member of) a

new Muslim Messianic sect name of an old
gold coin [A — praise]

J? | ah' mar adj . red f\ /. bah'r-e ah' mar n.m.

' Red Sea [A]

jf\ aih'maq (ped. ah'maq) adj. (pl. UV |
hUtnaqa) very foolish silly ; stupid

thick-skulled n.m. fool dunce
blockhead idiot moron (.'£ aih'maq
bans' na v.t. befool gull ; dupe cheat

(fjdiyfi aih’maq-ul-lazi N.m. (pl. l y?\ aijf'-

maq-al-la&n') arrant fool 0/ \ aih'maq bans' na

v.t. befool gull ; dupe pull (some-

one s) cl aih'maq pan (or pa’ ns)

n.m. folly stupidity idiocy aif-
maqanah adj . silly foolish idiotic JSf
aih'matfi n.f follv stupidity idiocy
[k~j2SV]

Lifip'l ahnaf n.m. pl. Hanafites ; followers
of the juridical school of Imam Abu
Hanifah of second century of the Hegira era
[A- ^>]

Ji f i ahval' (col. aiitval') n.m. sing, report of
state or condition n.m. pl. afiairs ;
circumstances ; incidents ; events VCsbC&Jlfi
CJl) ohval' ~ bfita'na (or sUna'na or kaih'na )
report (someone’s) condition (to) give an
account (of) tell the story (ofj
ahval' -pur' sail adv. enquiring after (someone’s)
health, (etc.) n.m. & adj. solicitous (person)
ahval' pur' si n.f. inquiry (after)

solicitude (for) ah'val pur' si

kar'na inquire (after) ' show solicitude
(for) ; be solicitous (for) [Arsing. JU ]
dr ah'val adj. (ped.) squint-eyed [A]

'l^l ehya n.m pl. the living living

l" things [Arsing, if hay]
tfl ekya n.m. giving Jife preserving
* revival ; resuscitation quickening
&ljlltyelya-ul-maval' revival ; resuscitation

(fig.) bringing wasteland under plough

■ l uloo'm{-o-f itnoon) Re-
naissance ; Renascence [A - if hay]

VL?t ahya'nan adv. occasionally nowand
" then from time to time sometimes
[A -sing, ctjf]

7,\ akh (rare fiakhot') n.m. ikfpan'

** tfi ikh'vah ) brother [A]
l /f akh' khz, •i>la khkh ah' int. (expressing
surprise) ha ; O ; oh oh no
well .

j\f\ akhbar' n.m. newspaper ckjA^iakhbarat'

* n.m. pl. newspapers daily Press
l/j/ji? I akhbar firosh’ n.m. news-
agent; newsboy ; newsman J&jW
akhbar' -navi s' n.m. journalist
working journalist newspaper
editor (arch.) intelligence man
akhbar' -navi' si N.F.

journalism profession of work- jji •
ing journalist {fj \? I akhba'ri adj. Press
akhba'ri film n.m. (or f.) news ■

40

<S>r\

-akliba'ri kanfarahs n.f. Press conference [A~
SIJIG. yf’]

akh'bas adj. (more ,or) most impure
4 very mean [A ~*£^sup.J
C^IUkht n.f. (pl. Cslflakliavat') sister
congenial thing [A]

/*\ j£t ikhtitam’ n.m. end termination
( ^ 1 conclusion completion coming to
an end ftS^tiU^qaTib'-Ul-ikhtitam ' adv.
approaching the end ; almost ending almost
at the end of one’s tether [A ~ ^ J
^5^7 akh'tar n.m. „star luck omen
naturei/vU>'> r / akh tar-shvma' ri , n.f.
(spending) wakeful night(s)£/ui^'lafc/i'tar
dkinas' .n.m. (rare) astronomer astrologer
t/' C^y^i akhtar shina'si n.f. (rare) astronomy
astrology bad' akh-tar adj. & n.m.
ill-natured (person) ; malicious person curs-
ed (person ) ^i^C'ne'k akh'tar adj. & n.m.
good-natured (person) (of) lovable per-
sonality (f?ri akh'tari adj. stellar n.f. (as a
female name) Stella [P]

ikhtira e> (col. na"i ikhtirg “) n.m.

contrivance __ contraption some-
thing devised invention innovation
novelty li ikhtira 1 ' kar’na v.t.

contrive invent devise concoct a (lie)

[A] .

I akh'tar bakh'tar n.m. (col .*) bag and
' baggage

ikhtisar' n.m. bravity abridge-
ment ; curtailment contraction
summary precis synopsis compendium
ikhtisar' kar'na v.t. summarize
abridge curtail reduceyt^-v^t ikhtisar'
kt sath adv. briefly ikhtisar navis’

n.m. (arch.) same as gjj&Hkhti -

tar' nan’sl n.f. (arch.) same as n.f.

(see under ^ adj. [A]

ikhtisas' n.m. specialization
t appropriation [A~ i/^]

l ikhtif a' n.m. concealment going
into concealment L‘J ikhtif a . kar'na
v.t. hide ; conceal cover [A ~ (jf ]

W ikhtilaj' n.m. palpitation *^0&\ikhti-
) fa'j-e qol'b n.m. palpitation *of the heart

J>lrl ikhtilat n.m. intercourse pro-
miscuity intimacy amalgamation

friendship ; amity concord ; unison 1

|A~ &]

. ttrt ikhtilsf' n.m. difference dissimi-
larity disparity divergence
dissensions ; strife misunderstanding
opposition disagreement dissent dis-
tinction <LloiW ikhtilaf-e ra"t Nail. dissent
difference of opinion IjCffetikhlilaf'
kar'na v.i. hold a different view (from)
beg to differ (from), ty&ftlikhtilBf' ho' no
v.t. differ (from) ftJPlikhtila'fl adj. non-
agreed divergent felt khtila 'f J umoor'

n.m. pl. points of difference ; differences

khtila' ft mass"il n.m. pl. points of differ-
ence ikhtilsfi not' n.m. note of dis-

sent [A]

[ i\j£ ikhtilal' n.m. disorder obstruction;

( 'Jt^i hindrance interruption penury .

want [A ~ J*]

jpl akh'to bakh'to n.f. stock names foi
two shrewish marionettes in puppet
show [ ~ tS‘fe \ ~ P ‘fet cor.]

ikhtiyar' n.m. ikhtiyarat')

” power authority command dis-
cretion control choice option
ikhtiyar' de'na, ikhtiyar se ba’har

ho'na v.i. be out of control lie beyond
one’s power or jurisdiction ikhtiyar'

kar'na v.i. adopt choose elect IZb&l
ikhtiyar’^mil'na v.i. be invested with power
I'jfLris&l ikhtiyar meii ho'na v.i. be subject
to the authority (of) ifjC^likhtiya’rl adj.
optional elective voluntacy in one’s

power at oiie’s disposal [A ~

akh'z n.m. exaction seizure
adoption inference VJat\ akhz kar'na
v.i. take seize assume adopt
get the hang (of) infer ; conclude
akh'z-o jab'r n.m. extortion lj£nat'ijah

akhz' kar'na v.t. & i. infer [A]

ikhraj' n.m. expulsion ; eviction
dislodgment evacuation extrac-

tion discharge rej
okhrajat' n.m.

rejection [A~

expenses charges
disbursement costs (A~

double^PL.]

akh/rot' n.m. walnut .

ukh'ram adj. pertaining to
afterlife ; of hereafter [A ~

for, ]

if r \ akhas' adj, more particular
, • special [A — sup.]
akh'zar adj. green

* ikhfa’ n.m. hiding concealment
wJ ffiiri i kh f a* kar'nz v.t. cover
hide conceal render oneself invisible
(jriMr\ ikftfa'-ej&r’m n.m. concealment of an
-offence [A - J-' ]

akh'fash adj . dim-sighted ; weak-
sighted* having small eyes n^m. name
or a famous Arabic grammarian bl’z-c

akh'fash n.m. brainless fellow [A]

J&I akh'gor n.m. ember live ashes [PJ

ikhlzs' n.m. sincerity . loyalty
^ attachment 11 ikhlas barkz W
v i. have increased intimacy L'lififU'likp.bs'
jor'ns v.t. breed intimacy ; contract friend-
ship (ffji > Uji/it'l ikhlzs' rakknz (or kar'na)
v.i. entertain love (for) have regard
(for) be friendly (with) be sincere (to)
^q/lfnkhtos'-mafid AD]. sincere intimate
ikhfos-mati di n.f. sincerity love.

friendliness , M .r.

Lllf | akhlal' n.m. pl. (bodily) humours'Z*^ 1
akhlz't-e ar'ba‘ah n.m. pl. all the four
humours, viz-, blood, phlegm, choler (yellow
bile) and melancholy (black bile) fA-smc.i^

khill] .

akhlsf' n.m. pl. progeny; offspring

[A~SING.4U<f]

akhlaq' n.m. pl, manners ; disposition
virtues morality^ ethics (also
jySyiJ* ‘il'm-71 akhlaq') akhlaq'
at sd'rm ban' (a hai RROV. manners maketh the
man ^ akhlaq' se akhlaq' barh’la

hai prov. love begets love; kindness begets kind-
ness jMakhla (fi ADJ. moral ethical
gh air a khla'qi' adj. immoral ^Cj^lakhlaqiyyZt'
N.M. # ethics [A -sing, jk'khllq]
dlf'l ikhvari n.m. brothers (jlj&jfl ikhvz’nt
zamafi n.m. contemporaries
ikhvan-ush-shaymn' devils ; wicked peoplekrfW 1
ikkmn-us-safa' n.m. Brethren of Purity ;
(members of ) a secret society of Abbasid intel-
lectuals ikhpan-us-safa

n.m. the Encyclopaedia of the Brethren of
Purity (A -sing. ZA

ijpj't ukh'w’val n.f. brotherhood fraternity
brotherly relations [A- prec.]

Jf\ akhuftd' (rare ^ilakhun') n.m. (arch.)

t teacher [P] .

jlfl akhyar’ n.m. virtuous persons [A - sino^
akhyafi adj. uterine (brother, etc.) [A]

y?f akhir' adj. last ; final conclusive
n.m. end ; conclusion completion
[A]

adz' n.f. payment execution
\V accomplishment performance dis-

charge 1‘Jtil adz' kar'nz v.t. pay repay
defray execute perform discharge
accomplish do justice toljfht adz' ho'na
v.i. be payed be done ; be performed
be discharged be expressed or uttered intelli-
gibly Urfbl'j haq' adz' ho'na v.t. pay the
dues do full justice loo? Mada”igi (arcb.jfljl
add" i) n f. payment repayment [A]
r . ada n.f. (also PL.) blandishment ;
W* coquetry grace expression hand-

someness embellishment elegance ; grace-
ful manners if &lj I adz'-shinZf, b I ada'-faih'm

one who readily takes a hint one who
understands another adj . tactful tf'Ob \ada-
shinz'sf bt adz'-faih'mt n.f. readiness to
understand tactfulness; tact jlfbl ada-har
n.m. actor n.f. (col. orfa' kz'rah) actress
' lO/ljtada'karanah adj. histrionicfl&fcliMa--
kz'rl n f. aaing ; action stage-craft
histrionics [P]

i*^\)jadat' n.m. (pl. ^Ijiladovat') (gram.)
particle (logic) cypola instrument;

tool [A] .. t

ida'ral n.f. editors hi pJ>*j1 id a rati adj.

editorial [A - jtf\

sjijlidarah n.m. institution organization
establishment • administration
office department [A doublet of prec.]

idzriy'yah n.m. editorial ; leader; lead-
** ing article idzriy'yah nav'si n.m.

leader-writer [A

tfljl adds' adj. sad melancholy

depressed ; dejected lonely blealc
l/tfljl udas' ho'na v.i. be depressed be
cheerless ; be dejected feel lonely^blurfa'rl
N M depression ; sadness loneliness
bleakness hdn'si '»a (or ha'

4*

raifta) v.i. oe clouded with sorrow be-
come dull be gloomy

b'fjl udasa n.m. (slang) (beggar’s) baggi jl
Ada S3 kas'na v.t* & i. (.slang) pack
up

j*l J I ada'm int. may perpetuate; may, give
permanence (usu, in) /

ada m-alla h-o barakal-i him (prfujoo'z-i him)
tt^T. may God perpetuate (for us) their bounties
ada'mahfillah' int. may God perpetuate
him ; may God preserve him [A ~ Ao]

ada'nl n.m. pl. mean persons [A ~ sing^i]

Uda'hat, J^bjIoodattaiw.T. purple-
ness lividness (of lips) from fear, etc.

[Z, »"']

Jf Ijl ada'igi N.F. (see under (jJn.f.

ImSjIddab n-.m. literature decorum res-
pect courtesy ; civility ; politeness
etiquette ; manners for maliiy a' dab
smoz' adj. that teaches literature or politeness
t'L j^L/jIa'dab sikha’na v.t. teach good
manners train^-i^yt a' dab se adv. respect-
fully ; reverentially politely ^Jff^jla'dab-e
‘ a'liyah n.m. sublime pieces (or genres) of li tera-
turc L’/lys^a'dab kar'na v.t. behave politely
esteem venerate show respect
a'dab-e lalif n.m.’ ‘ belles-lettres’ [A]

Ijl udaba' n.m. men of letters ; ‘litterateurs
writers of other than fact ; prose writers
l)ljls*sh7 ,, ara-o-udata' n.m. pi., poets and
prose writers [A — sing,

. . idbsr' N.m. downfall ; fall ilMuek ;

misfortune mishap alHictlon

(ped.) turning back 1 lAjlidbar' a'na v.t.
fall on evil days be oppressed by calamity

IA ~ > J ]

/U )\ adbada kar,£*,t)t adbadn' ke adv.

out of stubbornness mischievously
just for the fun of it

JVjl idkhal' N m . shoving insertion

entry [A - J/s]

idraj n.m. gradation doing by
gradual process idra'j-o tamhll'

n.m. gradual process gradation [A ~f/j]

■J dJ 1 idrar' n.m. flowing (of urine, etc.) freely
(A-v>J

jZ

c/Ltfl

lljlidrak' n.m. perception comprehen-

y sion sagacity [A
UJJI ad'rak n.f. (undried) ginger
t— Jjsiadrak ka lach'chha n.m.
ginger cut into the form of a tape ,

idris' n.m. name of a prophet y/ j
h Enoch Jj)\\

ud'ra gud'ra, jjiu'dar
. gu'dai n.m. pl. rags cast off clothes-

Ifjlidde'a' n.m. pressing right or claim
pretension [A - (f/d]

ad"- [yah n.m. pl. prayers benedic-

tions i/jL'£>lad' l iya-e masoo'rah n.f. pl.
prayers reported from the Holy Prophet A
sing.Ifj}

/*iff I idgham' n.m. duplication of a letter by
* tasbdid contraction of one letter into
another [A]

Qj\ adaq adj. very ..difficult prof® .

^ abstruse [A~# sup.] mi

adgad'ra adj. half-ripe

(Jj,iJ)\adal ba'dal n.m. alteration com-
mutation exchange barter adj.
‘mutatis mutandis’; ‘vice versa’ Ja V'Jrjiad'le
k,t bad' I ah n.m. lit for tat V/d^Jjta'dal ba'dat
kar'na v.t. interchange commute
barter transform shift fA ~ c/-»cor. |
Jy\adU'lah n.m. pl. arguments proofs

j, introductions (A - sing. S\

J Jlad'tio adj. ordinary small trifling
interior lowly wretched mean;
base scanty petty mediocre (11)
vulgar (12) meek (13) (rare.) nearest ; nearer
n.m. (pcd. pl .J'jladii’ni) commoner per-
sons of no consequence the humbler classes;
commonalty -Jj ’J> i'ji I ad'na ad'nalag n.m. pl.
quite mean people '■> Jslatl'na-o a‘la n.m.
the high and the low the high-born and the
base-born the noble and the ignoble the
prince and the peasant [AJ
jljyf aduar' n.m. pl. periods

ages

. epochs ; eras (A - siNG.yr^]
(jfbl adva”in n.f. bedstring;

siring at ihc foot of hed for
tightening it \s?fa , )jiadva.''in khefi-
tk’na v.t. tighten the bed string

3 1 ad'viyah (col. '(w 1 adviyat') n.f. pl.

'* medicines ; drugs" sjjifi^'il'm-Ul-adviyah
n.m. pharmacology ) l adviyat' tl adj. medi-
cinal ; pharmaceutical ; [A ~ sing. U»]
prjladh pref. adk-ba'na adj. half-

formed unfinished adh pa [k)'ka adj .

unripe immature half-cooked parboil-
ed Dfj>jladh-ja'la adj. half-burnt L&jladh-

kach chn halfripe immature ' unripe

IjlZiadHka&'ra adj. half-dressed (food)

half-ripe lj*jladh ka'hn adj, half-spoken,
hall-expressed not fully articulated
adh~khi’l<i adj. half-bloomed (flowers)
adh-kht‘la adj. half-open ajarJjtfcui
adh-gad'ra adj.- half-ripe immature »✓*■><
adh-mta adj. half-dead ; as good as dead ;
almost dead [ - b/i]

t tod'dW a n.m. half-bottle half a bottle
^[~PREC.]

J^p)\itdhar' n.m. loan debt credit adj.

lent loaned out jacjyanced bor-
rowed adv on credit udhar

di'jije dvsh'man ki'jiye prov. lend and lose a
friend C&lvj) udhar' derm v.T. lend ^ give
on credit advance (a loan ) 1 14/ It'S udhar
kha'na v.i live on credit [Udhar le'na v.T
borrow buy on credit if^tipar)

Udhar' kha"e baith'na ph. treat (someone) as
one’s mortal foe treat (something)^ antago-
nistic be bent upon (doing)
udkar'°makab'bat ki qaiii'chi hai prov. he that
lends, his friends lose

wp iidkar' kha'ne se bhoo'ka para raih'na
ach'ehha hat prov. better go to bpd supper less
than rise in debt udhar ki

kya mail' ma'ri hai PROV. if you have no _ hard
cash, why can’t you borrow?
nau naqd’na le’rah Udhar' prov. a bird m hand
is worth two in the bush

u'dhar adv. in that place on that side
thither; in that direction dhar se

adv. from that side or place from that
direction thence //>> I U'dhar ko adv. to
that side thither ; in that direction

i'dhar adv. on this side hither . to
this place here this vay i'dhar
udhar adv. up and down _hcjpe and there
right and left around i'dhar

6'dhar ki ba’teh n.m. divers points general

talk irreleVent talk i'dhar se

U'dhar ho'na v.i. be lost be gone be

made away with be turned upside down/***

i’dhar se u'dhar kar de^nn v.t.
disarrange turn topsy-turvy

i'dhar koo"afi u'dhar kha”l prov. between the
devil and the deep sea ; between two firestl/v<
i'dhar ki U'dhar laga’na v.i. carry tales
iW’tf ysl • i'dhar ki dnn'ya u'dhar hoja'na

v.i. turn topsyturvy undergo a revolutionary
change^ij^’Jl \sjJ/’i\f'^cha'he i'dhar ki dvnya
udh'ar ho ja'e ph. come what may l

£f,\i 'dar ke ra’he na U’dhar ke ph. we (etc.) are
outcastes for' both sides ; wc etc.) have been
rejected by both the parties i'dhar yu
udhar adv. at a critical moment.
i'dhar y a u'dhar ho'na v.i. (of dispute, life,
etc.) come to a decisive stage
jp/iadhar' adv. (arch.) in between <jy»^adhjar'

' men adv. (hanging) in between be-
tween heaven and earth mid-way, half-way
in the centre

(• ^Py\ udhar na v.i. open at the seams be

peeled off be Unrolled be ripped
open be undone VyPjlO&khal u'dhar' na v.i.
have a good hiding^' iidhra adj. opened
at seams unrolled

u'dhai'na , Cif^y'siudhal ja'na v.i. be
spoilt (of woman) become loose be
beside oneself (with some passion)
t^/jliid'dham n.m. (same as ★)

Y J > )\ad'ham (lit.) n.m. bay adj. dark ;
f bay [A]

a'dhan n.m. water heated to boil or poach
something ; boiling water
l *J>jiadhan'na n.m., (jfjladhan'ni n.f. half anna
an old coin [~j>j f+<*T]

j \yP)\ adhvar' adj. & n.f. mediocre (quality)

[

t adhoo'ra adj. (f. (Jjj*jladhoo'ri) in-
complete half-done half-prepared
half-dressed half-baked imperfect

I

ad hau'ri n.f. hide; thick coarse

leather tanned hide coarse ani-
mal skin Ollfy^iadhau'ri tan'na v i eat tf
one’s fill

44

BJ'S ’

[fplad'dii n.f. old coin equivalent to half
a ‘damri’ ; 512th part of rupee half a
piece of cloth lawn i ad’dki

ad'dki par jsn' de'na ph. be niggardly
^i^/ad'd/U ad'dki ka fiisab' x.m. full account
adv. to the penny <

ad'dki ki kaM'ya 'bid tkohk' baja' kar le'te
luufi prov. no one buys a stuff without fully
testing It [

iryvjlodtya'M v.t. (col.) halve t~M

fe^Pjladhiraj' n.m, (dial.) chief

maharaf adhiraj' n.m. (dial.)
the great ruler the emperor [S]

^Pyladker' adj. middle-aged (person)
middling (age) V^ffrladher' ‘ %m'r ka
adj. middle-aged [ ~Vj(]

\?jZ4>)ludher'na v.t. open at seams un-
roll ; unfold untwist peel off
dismantle (roof, etc.) kkzl iidker'na v.t.
give & good hiding Jjf ; I Bdher n.f. opening
at the seams untwisting peeling off
dismantling ^/J^jittdker' blln n.f. anxious
thought perplexity dilemma ; delibera-
tion embarrassment reflection ; medita-
tion

U&)fadkt'fa, tyidke’la N.M. half-pice ; an old
** coin Jfiladke'li, ftjdke'ti n.f. half-rupee
tl-'j l}fJ<dJiD*f>tadk£'la na de adke'H dt prov.
penny wise and pound foolish

adyari n.m. (pl. of (fidln n.m.

^y^\adW n.m. (pl. Itlsdaba’) writer
‘litterateur’ [A

Ajladtm’ K.iA. (lit.) skin tanned leather
surface (of earth, sky) [A]

Ijlad’da, ad 1 dak n.m. stand stop

station (air)port worker’s seat

(criminal’s) den rendezvous perch
pigeon-stand embroidery frame
Clfc/fad'de efcafka'n 3 (or par laga'na) v.t.
seduce prevail upon

j»| ud'do, jjl jjlud'do ud'do n.f. loose woman
jl j*t 04 ' do ud'do ho'na y.i. be scan-
dalized become the talk of the town
nnSodol' ADJ. firm steady [~neg. / +

aft tar tt.M. (same as^>iN.M. ★)

(£,)\adl'shan n.m. (same as «c<ilN.M. ★)

ij^)ia4\sh'nal adj. (same as <£%' AD J- ★>

^T*1jjladvafis' n.m. same as(/^(>>(N.M. *)
jlazan n.f. Muslim summon to prayers;
call to prayers (cAjtlsjcfljl atari’ de'na (or
kaik'na) v.t. give the call for prayers [A ~(jii ]
uz!bVk (usu.4_^’() n.m. Name of a
Tartar tribe (arch.) fool [T]
(^)\d)fiz'an' n.m. obedience submission
. trust ; confidence belief [A]
jpjjazkar’ n.m. pl. rehearsal of prayers
eulogy of God recitals commemora-
tion jV'jt izkar' n.m. refreshing someone’s
memory [A -/Szikr) /

LSjiazkiya' n.m. (pl. otyjza'ki adj. ^)

(J)\azai adj. most despicable ; very contempt-
ible ; basest,[A~ ^/sup.]

^))\izn n.m. leave; permission consent
(of contracting parties as in marriage)^^/i
izn-e ‘am’ n.m. general permission free or
unrestricted admission [A]

^jiu'zun N.M. (pl. Jl'jTaZari) ear [A]

^jtj\azhan n.m. pl. (of^N.M. ir)

i£s'}f aziy'yat n.f. oppression; torment

trouble suffering woe ; sorrow ;
distress hurt annoyance Ojcyil aziy'yat
de'na v.t. harm hurt harass trouble
tormentC llfcZ&'l2 l ]>)l&ldy}laziyat utka’na (or
bardasht' kar'na) v.i. suffer [A]

*jf ar n.f., fjfara n.m. spoke (of wheel)

j I ar conj. (rare) if ; granting that [P~ X

ABB.]

^fjl ara'bah n.m. (arch.) gun carriage
' wagon [P]

l Ifarra'ta n.m. loud dull prolonged sound
(as from gun-fire or collapse of building)
moan gasp in stubborn child’s wailing
[ono.]

ira'dat n.f. devotion faith; belief
[A doublet of fol.]

fjjji ira'dah N m. intention desire

mind bent fancy design ; plan
I'Jfiblira'dah kar'na v.t. intend mean

45

J&l

d

•devise design ; plan idjiiradatan adv.
on purpose ; purposely ; intentionally deli-
berately (fairs' dt adj. intentional deli-

berate [A]

a'rarot n.m. arrawroot [E]

Ijllars'zil n.m. pl. the vulgar the

ignoble fom, Dick and Harry [A~
srNoJvi] ,

iC a \j\ars‘& n.f. (pl.“% *jaraziyat')^ lands

r fields ; agricultural lands jit^l/lara’z i dar
n.m. landholder ora ’z* ' e kha'lisah n f.
Crown.land ; State land^fwiVl fis'dah ara'zi,
d^par'ti ara'zi n.f. fallow, desolate or
barren lands if if < (A/J&!/) nau bar-zr (or nau
bax-Tt'mad) ara'zi n.f. alluvial soil [A ~ sing 1 .

l/jJ]

\j\arskiri n.m. pl. members (rare)
pillars ; columndpd^ItJCdjfe/blarakin-e
dau'lat (or ialtanat) n.m. pl. pillars of State ;
grandees

^>j)arab n.m. thousand million (u.s.) billion
a'rab pa'tl n.m. & adj. billionaire

J i arbab' n.m. pl. owners lords
* * proprietors officers members n.m.
(sinc.) landlord ; chief 1 orba'b-e

bos' t-o-kushad' jUkjJr^lyKirba'b ball-o-‘aq'd n.m.
pl. authorities*^*^/!.;! arbz'b-e bast rat n.m.
pl. the prudent ; the sagacious
arbd'b-e jah' n.m. pl. men of rank or position
arbz'b-t da' nish, Ijlarba'b-efaih'm
arbab-e faih'm-o-da'nish n.m. pl.
intelligentsia intellectuals arbab-e

su kh an n.m. pl. poets the eloquent
linguists £j/k* m f'ij\or’bab-e shar^' n.m. pl.
jurists (arch.) law officers arba'b-e

gut’a'ttf n.m. pl. spiritual person f&^bAarba'b-e
nashat’ n.m. pl. dancing girls dancers,
singers and musicians the gay world
orbs' b-t him' mat N.M. pl. men of spirit
men of lofty aspirations

arbara'nm vA. (same as Mj'/fV.t. *)

♦

sr'ba'tJ&iarba'ah' adj. FouT^Cf'^jtarba'
‘arts' sir n.m. pl. elements ; the four de-
scents, (viz., earth, water, air and fircyr'&Cp 1
orbs' a-e mu tans' sibah (col .^jfar'ba'ah) n.m.
ratio (of three known and one unknown quanti-

ty) Ci^^Jjiar'ba'ah laga'na v.i. find out the
unknown quantity through known ratios
(fig.) hazard a guess ^jbjjrhudoo'd-e arba'ah
n.m. (seeunder ★) [A]

arba'in adj. forty n.m. collection of

** any forty Traditions of the Holy
Prophet (by) forty-day period of (religious
or other) confinement fortiethday funeral
rite

jri/jl irtibat' n.m. alliance inter course
friendship familiarity affinity

l n.m. extemporisation titfj t

^ » irtijalan adv. extempore ; impromptu
O-J fatyjiirtija'lan kaih'na v.i. extemporize
(verse) [A]

| .irtikal' n.m. death ; demise ; expira-
tion departure journeying [A~

4 ^]

) 1 JLjl irtidad' n.m. apostacy ; rejection of

one’s faith refraction recantation
fitna-e irtidad' n.m. the revolt of apos-
tates tin early Islam) [A~ jj]

‘rid am' n.m. mark design

^ painting [A~

IjIrJl irte'ash' n.m. vibration shaking

tremor [A~-*$)

irtifa *' n.m. elevation height

ascent eminence rise grandeur

dignity exaltation [A ~©;ll
IZJjlirtiqa' n.m. evolution S^.Wjlirtiqs pozir'
adj. evolutionary</V>hi/irh?a' po&'rt n.f.
being subject no evolution *d&Hrtiqa''l adj.
evolutionary [A ]

irtikab’ n.m. commission (of offence)
* perpetration (of crime undertak-

ing (of enterprise) (jr^jl irtxka'b-t jvrm' n.m.
perpetration of crime lUrtikab' kor’na

v.T. commit (crime) undertake a venture or
enjerprise [A]

{ jf arthl n.f. (dial.) bier (of a Hindu) [ 8 ]

inheritence ; heritage legacy

iZ^jfirs n.m

[A]

irja 1 n.m. (arch.) reference
course suit [A~&p]
j£/j\ arj'mand adj. noble honourable
* worthy happy
tunate [P - &;<worth +J?]

re-

beloved for-

46

J#/

(JWj

r jl

k • ~

WJV/ ar'jafit adj. urgent [E]

arftsm' n.m. pl. wombs matrices
zavil' arhatri .n.m. pl. maternal
relations [A~ SING.^]

SjS ar'ham adj most merciful ; most compas-
1 sionate arhamur-rahimin n.m.

(God as ) the Most Merciful [A~ Jf sup.]

( fj\ ir'kks n.m. slackening loosening [A]

>

)J\ urd n.m. (same as jjlQrd n.m. ir)

. . / ur'ds be' gam n f. armed female
follower in royal harem; seraglio
Amazon [ ~T]

ir'd gird adv. around round about
on all sides

( }3jf ar'dall n.m. orderly [E]

})j\ ur'doo n.m. Urdu ; name of one of
Pakistan’s national languages horde
(arch.) army (arch.) bivouac (arch.)
camp ; encampment ; cantonment jl'LjjjIur’doo
bazar' n.m. (arch.) camp market market
of Urdu books ft-^gJjjHirdoo'-e mo'a'lla n.m.
(arch.) royal army royal encampment
{ ^JifJ^-jJJlurddo'-e mo'aiis ki zabsn' n-.f.
(arch.) Urdu court language [T]

bihisk t'^IOr'di n.m. spring
month of Persian calender (cor-
responding to April)

(Jjjfar'zal adj. (PL^Jjf/lara'zil) base
mean most despicable [A ~ (^Jjsup.]
Jjfarz N.M. cost value reverence;

respect ; honour quantity (P]

0 \jj[arzaq' n.m. (pl. ofJ^N.M. ★)

jl/ji ar'zan adj. t cheap inexpensive
" low-priced jhyfar^a'ni n.f. cheapness
low price abundance of proyisions^/J l u I

arza'nl kat'ns v.\. present give away;
give gratuitously Vjfftjjlarz'rii ho' na v i. be
conferred be cheap (of cheapness) pre-
vail [P — >>l]

&£ atzhafig’ N.M. picture-gallery of- the
painter Mani collecltbn of Mani’s
pictures album [P]

Iji/Jl irsal' n.m. femittence despatch
LyfjLssi irsal kar'na ’».t. remit

despatch send [A]

araststslu' j^jiaras'loo n.m. Aris-
* totle U IkSji arastd tali' si adj.

Aristolelian [A ~ G]

(jjJSjl of satin n m. (rare) lion [T]

♦

) [sjl irshad' n.m. words something said
order ; behest ; command guidance
showing the path of righteousness
Cfyirshzd' kar'na (or farms' na) (of superior)

say desire command ordain dictate
^desire direct ; guide [A
J&jS ar'shad adj. well-guided most
honest [A - >^sup.]

ar sham das n.m. Archimedes UlCfjJjtl
** usoo‘l-e arshami'das n.m Archimedean
principle (cither about working of lever of
about relation of weight of immersed object
and water displaced by it [A~G]

ar'z n.f. earth world land
country l e'jjtjl ar'z-o-sama' n.m, pl.
heaven and earth whole universe
tabaqt' ml-arz' n M. pl. geological strata

tabaqs' t-Ul-arz' n.m. geology^i
ar'Zi adj. earthly ; terrestrial mundane
Crfjilar'zi jan'nat,(fjlC^jan'nat-e ar'zi n.f.
earthly paradise hoo'r-e - ar'iSl n.f. ex-

quisite beauty adj.
terrestrial and celestial; earthly and heavenly
Xffjhirziyyst'^ n.f. geology "jLft/larziyys'ti adj.
geological tyb'ftlfjlarziyya' R js"izah.NM. geolo-
gical survey [A]

^j\ar^nan, (JsfjiarQanoofi <n.m.

organ [A-G] j

(•) \fj\ arghaisft' n.m, purple
colour name of a plant
bearing purple, flowers and fruit
w* arghava'ni adj. purple
vjolet crimson [P]
gjhrfa' adj. most . elevated
nent [A~S^ SUP.]

/{j j\ irqaw n.m, (ped.J writing
, down in black and white tiff lijlirqsm
kar' na y-dr. pen ; write l*^l>yl jVflam' h»'ns v.i.
be penned ; be written arqsm n.m. pl.
figures ; numbers items [A ~ sing. ^ r]

/») 1 arkan n.m. pl. members pillars ;

** columns props components, in-
gredients basic principles ; fundamental*

pre-emr-

putting

47

tenets arka'n-e islsm’,

arka’n-e din' n.m. pl. fundamentals of faith
( ££hM / ij£j J j i )lClarka'n-e dau’lat (or sal' tempt)
n.m. pillars of state ; grandees [A ~ sing, rfj ]
if. I ar'gaja n.m. a perfume made of rose,
K ' ' sandalwood, musk, etc.

£ )jl art n.m. earl [E]

r j I i'ram n.m. ancient Arabia’s Aad
sovereign, Shaddad’s garden built to
rival paradise earthly paradise [A]
gH Jl amrnn' (poet. tfij I ar'msh) n.m. de-
sire 'longing yearning wistfulness
poo' ra (Or poo're) kar'nn ,
Ctfyfal arman' nikal'na v.T. & i. gratify one’s
ambition arman' rash' jana v.i. be

disappointed in one’s wish or hopeOI fab/l
arnan’ nikal'na v.i. have one’s wishes fulfilled
L'jfUlljl arman' ho'na v.i. wish aspire
long for [P]

gift, pfe-

(f. $A

| ar'mighah, ar'maghan n.m.

sent rarity ; curiosity [PJ
jl ar'na, U^fCljiar’na bhaihsa n.m.

. ot'iA) wild buffalo

artful n.m., arafi'di n.f.

'recinus communis’ ; castor-
oil plant ajjj&jlenrahd' kharboo'zah
‘carica papaya* Jf. i/fyXjIarah'di ka
UP n.m. castor-oil tyJ'tfXjlarafi'tji
IH jar' n.f. (fig.) flimsy stuff weak thing
JL/t a' rim v.t. manifest Thyself to me ; (as
" words of -Moses’ prayer to God at Mount
Sinai) f'Jjljfrirtga n.m. (fig.) presumptive
parxmjjk^f(J jl a’rirA go’-e toor’ n.m. Moses
[A]

7j\jj\arvah n.f. pl. souli spirits [A-
- sing. £>y]
or’vi n.f. anuh

9j\ at'rah n.m. (Sameas ejltr.it. it) m

pfjl ar'har n.f. a kind of pulse ; ‘arhar’

n'rt int. for calling mot’s attention
With love or eontempt) O ; ho ; hello
(expressive of surprise) O no ; oh no ; dear (fji
•o' rl int. (far calling woman’s attention with

love or eontempt) hello ; ho (expressive of
smprise) 6 no ; oh no ; .dear
^SAvireV adj . frilled (trousers) slant-
*** ing ; sloping deceptive ; crafty ;

crooked ureb' pa jamah n.m. frilled trou-

sers

^^jlarib' adj. wise [A]

a •*

I ar n.f. (see under yj* ar’na v.i. if)

ara’ra dkam’ adv.. (come down) pat ;

I > (fall) flat [ono.]

aras’ n.f. narrowness AfJi/ijiaras' H
ja'gah n.f. narrow space [~ 1‘jtarna v.i.]
qJ IjI i Iran' n.f. (see under L'jlur'na' v.i. ★)
^Wfcij/Hran gha i n.f. trick ; ^ruse ;
feint deception evasion ; shuffling J
1/ Quran' gha'i bat ana v.i. misleed dupe

evade ; shuffle

t*l ara'na v.t. fly ; cause to fly waste ;

squander fritter away spend lavish-
ly allure eat away pilfer copy ;
plagiarize give currency to (story, etc.)
pull (someone’s) leg (1 1) enjoy (12) sing (a
tune) (13) remove (14) elope with (15) guess
(16) cut off (head) Oj ura' pur a’ de’na v.t.

spend lavishly ; squander Vlt/IjSdf'be par' In
Ura'n a v.t. & o. give currency to baseless
stories jtj!lira' , oo n.m. -spendthrift ; squan-
derer ; prodigal ; adj. prodigal ; extravagant
[~ l'i/l#r'na caus.]

t*/ tl f ara’na v.t. cause to stand or stop *
cause to check motion fasten some-
thing to another ram ; plug ; thurst(j/^X^.
tPl5l*ftfpard’e phat’\t meh t tfig' ara'na prov.*
poke one’s nose into other people’s affairs ;
meddle With other things [ ~ l* tri ar'na caus.]
ar'har n.m. nonsense ; meaningless words
adj. nonsense irregular ; * rough
uneven craggy 0^5/ or' bar’ bak'na v.i.

talk nonsense talk wildly talk idly
jfr'jl arbtft'ga adj bent rough ; rugged
" not straight ; crooked n.m. obstacle
a> X a P jWrap n.m. tiff i scuffle
struggle ij*>

i f ^ l ^ larta'tis n.m. & adj. forty-«^M^4^si , > ,
arta'hsvab adj. forty-eighth
ipy ) or’ tala n.m. excuse shelter; reflige

defence ^vjiar’kila Una v.t. & l.
put up an excuse take shelter
•Sjloxtis' n.m. ft adj. thirty reight Jlgfil-
Y- arfb'va* ADJ. thirty-eighth

mkk'ni V.i. bear malice (towards)

48

tfl __

yj I Srd, (ped. jjlurd) n.m. a kind of vetch ;

vetchlmg tJjty>j\ur'd par sife'di ph. a
wee bit (not) a bit > ,

ar'satk n.m. & adj. sixty-eight J> -
> ar' sathuaft adj. sixty-eighth
u'rasna, u’ras le'ns v.t. tuck up

rvf a'rara n.m. heap,

t^l ur'na v.i. fly soar move very fast
be worn out fade evaporate

explode spread get lost (of head) be

cut off (11) be removed (12) be cast to the
winds (13) be blown away (14) feel out of
sorts (15) vanish (16) (of words, print, etc.)
fail to give impression (17) disappear (18)
(of story) get round (19) (of luxury, joke, etc.)
be indulged in (20) (of tune) be sung (21) feel
elated Bran' n.f. flight (arch.) kind

of curtain on coach, etc. uran ho'na v.t.

be sick of (place) be disgusted ; be
bored cJ^^Ur' IB v.t. walk with a

stately step strut be conceited

fakhtah n.f. (fig.) gull ; simple person
iiy ke ja'na v.t. go by Chance get shelter
^s£-jtur' ke lag'na v.t. (of infection) catch ;
spread fir ke mil'na v.i meet on one’s

own meet with pleasure ^t/luran adj.
flying raging cjjhoo ho

js'tid v.i. disappear; vanish run away
sneak away^%y(0'rcn tosjjtarl n.f. flying
saucer Dstyji uran kkaio'la n.m. (legendary)
flying car iron gha’l hatn'nl v.i,

deceive; dupe; gull fi'ri

tag’ par bai'pH prov. the report gradually
spread ; the scandal spread soon enough it
became talk of the town

l*V I ar'na v.i, stop come to a standstill
refuse to budge oppose be obsti-
nate be wayward put up an excuse jt ar
n.f. stubbornness ; obduracy dispute
contention heaviness (of stomach) ^^jta'rxr

oaqt' 0t*. difficulty hard times ar

btiith na v.i. be stubborn importune ^> 7 vl
or pedt' n.f. obstacle tV5t ar ja'na v.i.
stick to (one’s) guns lay a stake ujjon tfjla'ti
n.f. trick stubbornness obstacle

ar'yal adj. obstinate wayward; headstrong
jU)i a'n-mar adj. & n.m. trickster ^tia're
(tWU’re) vaq’t adv. in times of difficulty Mi

• I. L L '

fir Iff ADJ. (f.J’I ur’ti) flying Jj Jjl ur'ti tot,
ur'ti hui adj. weighing less; under-
wcigh«l fi» 'ti dkir'ya paihtban'na>l%Qjt
Cjf/J- Br’ti dtir'ya ke par' gin'rm v.i._ be
shrewd know a crook at sight^tf^ St ur'ti
(si) khabar n.f. rumour hearsay

arah'ga n.m. hitch: jhindrance ;
v* prop tripping {LjMjCvtflUaranga lagu-
na (or mar' rnt) l'l*kt&5larafi'ge par dtarha’na
v.t.. trip ^(someone)

fa fa. aurhg' baraftg n.m. (children’s
game called) catch-the-thief
name of players in it nonsense C£Jfr,Jcj\.
arang'^barang' bak'na v.i. talk nonsense
^lijjlarvar' n.f, prop (under falling roof,

> cic j)

(JjJl'f a l 0 ± pans' N.m. neighbourhood;

V vicinity adv. nearby here-
about

(,*U^/Q>Wna v.t. (see under U»J*fv.t. «fc)

\ i*. ai%a”i adj. two-and-a-half half-
ly^' past two l/j U* t arXa' ’i (fia'val

alag' gala'na v.i. ^(always) hold a different
opinion itt/l arlia"* ain ka jhohp'ra n.m.

(fig.) transitory thing flimsy structure
l J i&jl arha' ’» cjiuiloo la'hoo pV ja’na

v.t. (threaten to) suck the blood of U»vi arhay'-
ya n.m. two-and-a-half seer weight or mea-
sure two-and-a-half times multiplication

table

• ,az prep, (ped.) from than by of
with J ljlagafi' adv. thence JSjIJi azati-
jum'lah adv. of those out of that total or
sum /j\az bar' adj. memorized well
learnt l yj.j\az bar kar'na V.t. memorize ;
learn by "heart; learn by rote lu$V£ j I az bar'
ho'na v i. be memorized of! JloZ bas' adv.
much adequately £^j\az bas-kth conj.

since however ; nevertheless ; notwithstand-
ing much az ja'ntb adv. on the

part of on behalf of for from j*Jiaz Pad'
adv. boundless, infinite indefinite sur-

prising adv. very much extremely infi-
nitely beyond description j/haz khud' adv.
of one’s own record voluntarily b>

49

self ‘suo moto' khud' raf'tah'
az khesh ' raftah adj. absent-
minded distracted not in one’s sense ei/Jl
az ra'h-e adj. by the way of ; ‘apropos’^-tv-ri
az roo”< adv. by virtue of ; by reason of
under Uy'Jf az sar (a pa' adv from head
to foot from top to toe perfectly

wholly )j*SJlaz sar-e nau.' adv afresh ; anew

‘de novo’ »—*?'./) az g haib' adj. providential;
God-sent adv. providentially

tnar’de az ghaib' biroofi' a'yad-o ka're
bi-kunad ph ‘deus ex-roaehina’ God will
send someone to help [P]
j\j\ izar' n F. trousers drawers Jfjbhzdr-
bafid' n.m trouser-string tijrljZtytfjPyljt
izar'-bah'di rish'tah (or ta'al'liiq) n m. relation on
wife’s side ; petticoat interest
izar' meh dal' kar pai'han le'na v.t. (fig.) be
devoid of all sense of shame be saucy
JIjI iza'lah n.m nullification revocation
abolition removal amends
compensation jfJIJiiza'la-e bikr' n m. (causing)
loss of virginity i) iza'la-e haisiy yat-e
‘ur'fi n m. defamation slander [ A - J 0]
Uz'baik (or uz'buk) n.m. (same as^jl
V . Uzbek [T] .

firijl izdehsm' (P. cor .(fajjHzhdefiam') n.m.

crowd ; throng milling crowd
mob rabble [A]

Q fjjyl izdivaj' n m. marriage, matrimony
espousal nuptials ad' d?d-e

izdivaj' n.m bigamy polygamy (fjjijlizdiva'jl
adj. marital t^f^JjzjHzdiVaji /faisiy'yat n.f.
marital status [A

t zdiyad' n-.m. increase enlargement
t augmentation escalation [A ~ej tj]

(jjjl az'raq ADJ. blue azure fi?Ojj\az'raq
> &ash' m adj. blue-eyed [A Jxv]
Uj\azkiya’ n.m. pl. pious people [A ~ sing.JvJ

i . . a'zal n.f. beginning eternity
w'"' source origin (JjlJjjro'z-e a'zal n.m. the
beginning ; the first day t-tffyeZ-JJla'Zal se a' bad
tak adv. from beginning to end forever
ilJl a'zali adj. eternal perpetual un-
ending&Jjlazali/yat n.f. eternal existence [A]
Jt/I az'minaA n.m. pl. times eras ; epochs
. periods stages WdJiaz'mina-e saty-

sah n.m. the three times, ( viz ., present, past

and future) [A ~ sing. Pli]-

gyljjl azvaj’ n.f. wives spouses

couples azvaj's mlitah'harat '

n.f. pi . Holy Wives (as referring to the spouses
of the Holy Prophet) [K-Qrsz]

[p/Jla zhdaha' n.m dragon

winged serpent cockatrice;

basilisk _boa constrictor
python ^ azh'dahe

ke muhh men bath-' de'rm v.j. court

trouble [P]

j/jlazh'dar n.m. (lit.) dragon [P] Wrf&k

Pjjt izhdeham' n m. (same as

[P'A]

(j'fis adj. demonstrative this (>"l \J\ is asm'

meh' adv. meanwnile ; in the meantime^^/{/l
is' bir'te pa tat’ta pa nt prov. a hope
of success despite this inefficiency^*!;
is' kan su'hi us kan ura'di ph. forgotten as soon
as heard ; in at one ear, out at the other
f 1 is ko me' ra (or sat ) salsm ph. !
Hell vyith it is hath' le us hat:.,

de ph. open the purse and then open thy
sack tit for tat Namesis comes sooivt^i
i'se ckhupa'o use nikn'lo ph. they*" are
exactly alike

'se va'hah

ma'riye ja'hah pa'ni na mi'le ph you should
not show him any mercy give him no
quarter Ud^ftis' tak {a.Tch.Uyj'tis' ta'lak) adv.
to this extent ; so much ( , (/\is' dam adv.
now right now fortnwith immediate-
\yjyj\is' par conj. for this reason hence

'at this tfjtjtis' par bhi conj. moreover
notwithstanding even at this^-^/tiV

tar'h se adv. in this way ; ihusjlij'lix' qadur
adv. as this this much so many to
this extent 4rWt is' li'ye, Muftis ms'tt conj.
hence ; therefore

ij'l us (demonstrative) that pron. him
her ity<//vj' par adv*- upon that ; at
that thereafter upon which /{//fix' dim
adv. then there and then Us' vaq't
adv. at that time on that occasion at
which momentt^/lftx' mefi adv. meanwhile;
in the meantime in that in him (or her
or it)

50

9jHi/f asa'tizah n.m. pl. teachers school-
masters [A

yU/wxaVa N.M. shed ramshackle structure
assrh.’ n.m. fourth solar month of Hindu
^ ^ calendar (corresponding to June- July)
£j\/)asa'r1a n.p. *rabi’ crop [S]

i -cssUt' n.m. pl. myths asSi*T-ut-
awatiri n.f. pl legends of an ancient
people myths [A ~ sing.J^M]
gfc[S\asatiri n.m. pl. pillars [A~ sing J

JU

'hsci’fd N.m. pl. the mean the vulgar
[A - SING. J*t|
ir^JQlasalib’ hm. pl. styles modes ;

* * manners; waysftllj'w^U'iara/ti-e baysn’
n.m. pl. modes of expression [A- sing.i^JH]
las as' N F. foundation base

plinth basis ff'^iasa'si adj. basic ;
fundamental [A] ^

jflylasa'rm n.f. (col. (fUlasa'ml)' post
tenant , cultivator debtor customer

permanent loser (a^ gambling, etc.) n.m. pi..
(rare) names JWy'shi'kanM asa'mi n.m. such
tenant Ji/fytymauroo'sl as a mi n.m. hereditary
tcmnt(fL'W(fidakf6l-kar asa'mi n.m. occu-
pancy tenant [A double pl. of Ui~ sing, f I)
Ul/Msa'na V.T. winnow

jtflslasanid' n.p. (double pl. of a^n.f. +)

^JjUlosa'varl n.f* name of a musical mode

i^i/iasb nh. (same as^Njt. ★)

asbab' n.m. luggage ; baggage
* equipage goods and chatties
furniture property ; effects provisions
n.m pl. reasons causes motives^twU'l
tfjljasba'b-e kha’na da’fi N.m. household effects
ys^\fS\asb'b-e sa'far nj*. travelling requisites
[A- StNO.^J

• ^j^iUsboo 1 ' n.m. (lit.) week [A ~ fff]

jrisiasbat n.m. pl. Jewish tribes ; the

Tribes grandchildren ; progeny ; off-
spring [A - SING

asp, (rare ~~ 'lasb ) a m. (lit.) horse
(at chess) knight £Pj

mentor
ingenious
decrepit

ispat' n.m (rare) steel (Por.)

V

^Jl^laspafal'jJC^fbaspatal n.m. hospital (E] f

(Jj^laspaghol' n.m. Reawort-seed [P]

£%iisparf, gZ'sapabj', glis/afij n.m. sponge
,v [E]

ispand'-^sipaUd’ n.m. wild
rue ; (a seed burnt as incense
or charm) [P]

j&t&slad' (ped t n.m.

(pl. eXts lass' lizah f.
usta'ni ) teacher instructor ;

tutor professor preceptor

skilful man clever person

person dance or music master
wrestler serving as coach ; wrestling coach{£>l2l
Qstadi n F. teacher’s job or office
masterly skill cleverness trick ; finesse

adj. masterly finished (P)

1 ) iPl ists'dah adj. standing erect

raised rampant Jj&listB'dagi n.f.
creetxon standing waiting raising

constancy resistance IP]

i^lusta'ni n.f lady teacher ; mistress l~P

fayiisUbdad' n.m. despotism tyranny
istibdad 1 posaiii'ifjjJsiistibda'di
ADj.^despotic (powers) [A]

I IP'l istibra’ N.M. use of toilet paper (or clod,
.. etc.) (A - (/A)

Qy^iistib'raq n.m. silk cloth (csp.)

* green-satin (A]

jlX'fistiiar' n m. hiding ; concealment

..secrecy rj-

istisqdl' n.m. (ped.) heaviness [A - jr ]

[fX^lislisiia' N.m. expection disuncuon
qualification of a statement with the
ph. ‘In-sha-Allah’ (or God-willing) ^nanie
of fifth Jx>ok of Taurah) ; Deutropomy [AJ
&Xif'listijabal n.f. acceptance (of prayer,
request, application, etc.) [A—vl^-J
9 j lf m0 1'istijazah n.f. (ped.) taking leave

* seeking permission [A ]

isUfya'zah n.m. prolonged morbid
* mensturation

51

J I istehalah n.m. change

istekbab' n.m. making friendship
* * supererogation [A~^]

.A istehsan' n m. lenient interpreta-
tion (as a principle of jurisprudence)
approval praise [A {sT*]

( ( isteksal n-.m exploitation extor-
V „tion acquisition gain ; profit

Jte^i istehsal'-bil-jab'r n.m. extortion
unlawful exaction wrongful acquisition
expropriation [A

j istthz.gr' n.m. sending for ; summon-
ing

istehqar' n.m. scorn ; disdain ;
holding in contempt vilification [A ~

£ istehqaq' N.M claim right title
merit privilege [A ~ fr ]
istehkam’ vn*. reinforcement stabi-
• lity solidarily strength

support rectification ; corroboration con-
firmation [A- & ]

Ol&'i istehlaj' n.m. causing to swear ; ad-
,,, ministration of oath [A~i^V]

\ isti^ha'rah n m. judgment from
omens augury prayer for dream
serving as augury [A~ y£]

QjiH' istikhra j' n*m. deduction de-

ductive logic removal deporta-
tion ; extradition refusal expulsion
taking'Out ; ejection v [A -
Cf istikhfaf n:m. slight disdain

vilification contemptuous treat-

ment [A~*^^]

istikhlas n.m. liberation free-

dom (J* tf&'l is tikhl 3s-e vatan' n.m.
liberation of homeland le]

tO I 9^ ustukhah' n.m. bone (rare) stone
(of fruits) [P]

istida’mat n.f. constancy firm-

ness diligence assiduity
l/j&f istidraj’ n.m. escalation raising
bringing close to deception ;
'fraud deception by a pagan showing a mar,
vel [A~ . 1 ry]

-itidruk' n.m. clarification quali-

fication overtaking

istidrak' n.m- clarifying particle , qualifying

clarifying partji
conjunction {viz. [A
[f istid'a n f. request; prayer
entreaty petition solicitation
supplication [A~lo]

/} iL&l istidlal' n m arguing argument
proof reason ratiocination
istidlal’ kar'na v.i. argue reply
insist [A ~ kj)

^ fas' tar n.m. lining mule (fjv^ias'tar-
ks'ri n.f. coating plastering
as’tar-kn'ri kar'na v.t. plaster [P]
ijZdjus'tara {pcd. us tirah) n.m.
razor

— dstira'hat n.f. sleep

I siesta rest ; repose
relief quietness ; peace [A ~

I * *•>/ istirkhs' n.m. flabbiness ; flacc'dity fA ~

istirdad' n m. veto revocation ;
repeal ; .setting aside reversal; IjZ't 'iF

Jiaq'q-e istirdad' n.m. right to hi (jT

haq'qe istirdad' iste’mal' kar’na v.i. veto
[A ~jj)

istirza N m. bid to please willing-
ness assent [A~^]

S\is tari n.f. iron (diai.) woman
is'tari kar'na v.t. iron
[p^/Sjistisqa n.m. dropsy [A

istishhad' n.m. (lit.) 'iting of wit-
nesses production ot evidence (from
[A -£»&)

istisvab' n.m. plebescite referen-
dum reference commendation
seeking advice ; taking counsel^^Ji.*-/W^'»
istisva'b-e ra"e (Jam'mah) n.m. plebescite
referendum Uj> istisvab' kar'na v.i.
hold plebescite hold referendum refer
seek advice or counsel [A
£Jijb* / fistita“at n.f. capacity power
,, potentiality wherewithal [A~«&*'(k]
fijU&'liste’a’zah n.m. seeking God’s pro-
tection doing this through repetition
of formula a'oo’z-o billah' [A ~ £/) .

fylfM / liste‘ a' rah n m. metaphor

iste'a're ki zaban' n.m. metaphorical
language ; figurative expression [A'&tfUl

c/W

52

n.f. (lit.) seeking of help
. soliciting of aid succour relief

l Arwp

* stt 'j&r n.m precipitation haste-
| ning (a crisis, etc ) [A - CJf"\

iste'did’ n.f. qualification skill
capability capacity aptitude

proficiency ability talent means [A]

fa&fisU'fa n.m. resignation (from an
office) asking pardon Oyii^iiste'Ja
itna V.t. resign mahzoor'

kar'na v.t. accept resignation (of) \A~

istefaf' n.m. abstention from evil

[A^]

U** / i isteUa' n.m. supremacy bid to
M achieve supremacy (A ~ )* }

I iste'mar’ n.m. colonization colonial
powcrXfi/lr^f iste'mar!. pasahd’,
iste'ma'ri adj.‘ colonial iste'ma'ri

ta'qaten n.f. pl. colonial powers
^}\t‘£ / liste‘mal' n.m. use empolyment

application usage l/jt^fiste'mal
kar'na v.t. use apply
tarlq'-e (or tarkiibe) iste'mal' n.m. way of use ;
method of use J b^i iste'matl adj. of use
employed customary practical [A ~ Jf ]
istigha'sah n.m. complaint ; suit
plaint V/slj2(j*'iistigha'sah da"ir kar'na
v.f . & i. file a suit [A ~ *£>y]

istighrab' n.m. (lit.) amazement ;
wonder surprise great admira-

tion fA~

i jl isti&hraq n . m . engrossment ; absorp-
tton | ~ m

istighfar' n.m. asking forgiveness from
God through repetition of formula
astaghjirullak' graving mercy

begging pardon (istigbfar' kar'na)

beg pardon of God implore ask for
mercy/# I as tagft 'firull ah int. I entreat
forgiveness of God God forbid far be it
froiji me (to) [A - 0)/?}

istighna' n.m. content ability to
.^dispense with carelessness [A ~ ti#']
tyi&\istija'dah n.m. seeking profit

benefiting attainment gaini>/li^i
utifa'dah kar'na v.i profit (by) benefit
(from) [A ~

/'Miy'l istifa'zah n.m. benefit (A -

Cjt^f istfta n.m. seeking advice on a point
of religious law seeking someone’s

opinion I'J U* / ' i is lift a ' kar'na v.t. seek such
advice (from) [A~

aw istifragh' n.m. vomiting [A-

isti/sar n m. query inquiry seek-
ing of information reference
islifsar kar'na v.t. refer make a reference
to ^call for information question [A
f | is tifham n m . interrogation Ques-

tion inquiry investigation
harj-e istifham n.m. interrogative particle

for pronoun )(Cp!^‘lif‘ala'mat-e istifham' n . m .
mark or sign of interrogation ; questionmark ;
query islfhamiy'yah adj . interrogative
*Si£*'tJfjum’l-e istifhs miy 'yah n.m. interroga-
tive sentence [A ~ p ]

2J h'?a'mot N.F. firmness stability

constancy .steadfastness recti-

tude ; uprightness [A ~ fv)

A\2>\istiqbaV n.m. reception welcome
' to) future futurity future tense
isliqbaV kar'na v.t. advance to
meet a person receive (a person) wel-
come (a visitor) [A - ifc*]

istiqra' nm. induction inductive
logic istiqra "1 adj. inductive [A ~

istiqrar' n.m. declaration ; confirma-
tion taking place ; consummation
istiqrar'-e hoqqiy'yat n.m. declaration of
title J^jj/^tisliqra'r-e ham' l n.m. becoming
pregnant ; pregnancy [A-yly]
l&M'i istiqsa' N.M. reaching the limits (of)
research deep probe i/U*' I istiqsa
kar'na v.T. look deep into (a matter) [A~

isiiqlal’ n.m. perseverance fortitude

constancy steadiness firmness

resolution independence ; freedom
dlffijash'n-e istiqlal' n.m. independence, day [A]
gsfejistika'nat n.f. humility [A~ i y*f']

jU&ltstikbar' n m. (lit.) pride ; conceit ;

haughtiness vainglory presump-

tion (A- ]f\

g\J&) istikrah' nm. repugnance abhor-

rence dislike demur duress
, \ J&'i ) £jab'r-0‘istikrah' n.m. constraint

duress bQ-jab'r-o-istikrah' adv.

under duresi unwillingly

54

L^j*S(istop’ n.m. stove primus
>. stove [ ~ E stove corr.]
jjyiistor' n.m. same asvy-'N.M. ■*)

/>£» isu‘ shan, sate short n.m.

- station railway station

/j'L>flisush'nari (same asOfXTN.P. ★)

_ J f y > ^

isti’wr N.M. {same as /‘y n.m. *).
ashar' n.f. (pl. N.F. it)

00 f

ishaq n.m. Isaac (A- HJ
a' sad n.m. , lion Leo ; the fith sign of
the Zodiac XJ^Ia'sadvllah' n.m. Lion of
God (as the appellation of the fourth orthodox
Caliph, Hazrat Ali) [A]

jLdjisraT' n.m. mystery hiding ; conceal*
meuUpiasrsT' n.m. (sing.) mystery n.m.
pl. secrets asra'r-e ila'fii n.m PL. divine

secrets Jfjjjjyiasm'-o rumooz ' *.m. pl. secrets
and symbols [A -sin y\]

&L/I israf n.m. N-travagance ; prod'

, abuse (of wealth) ; waste [A]

AfJ/SUsrafil'jilS sarajil" N.M. name of the
' angel who will sound the trumpet on
th^,day of resurrection [A-H]

. yl^lisra'’il n.m. Israel (as a appellation
*• of the Prophet Jacob) (so-called
State of) Israel y.ba'noo
ba'ril isra"%l' n.m. "pl. Israelites; Jews^^Vi
isra'lli n.m. Jew adj. Israelite ; Jewish
[A-H]

^J ^-fasiuafit n.m. & ADJ. assistant [E]

istokhaddoos’ n.m. name of a medi-
cinal herb [A]

L jU Us' t Uriah (or as'-) n.m. (same as

J*S\as' l ad adj. very lucky extremely
happy [A ~ sup.]

n.m. sorrow regret [AJ

J/l fiSlasfar' t*.u. (pl. of f/sa'far n.m. if)

fi» .j asfar' n.m. (lit.)

rifi\

w

asaf/i (A) adj. (fik . cf Ji-» asfal ) Most
(Tseafi; very mean {fellows).

tomes rolls

books volumes ;
scrolls [A-sino. yV

jp'i isfamj n . m . {mtmm&tfispmj. if)

isqat' , isqftt-a fom't n.m.. abortion.

t4 miscarriage [a-VM
j^ifi^lasqam' n.m. of it)

00

^nJls'l us'q'j n.m. bishop j A — GJ

^liskat' n.m. rendering speechless
y calming down [A

JJ*y / liskafi'dar n.m. same e»^ iVH.U. it)

^fi\isko dya? N.M. ESQUIRE' Esq.) ; *E]

^J^\iskool' n.m. (same t*

( iski'mo n.m. Eskimo \m

^fU^I aslzf n.m. pl. ancestat? ;

forefathers ; progeniwi *
ancients Jl^Ltinatg-r oslaf N.M
infamous descendant (j -oliit title
for oneself) I [A — — «■*'']

/*Hs l lislam' n.m. Islam (».*., submission to
I God as the sole religion preeched by all
the Prophet of God and as-fl'nallj presented by
the Holy Prophet, the otdy sme religion
Wi) trtam' la Ito (or qibool kar'na)
v.i. be converted to Islami adopt Islamic
faith Ji^iislami n.m. Islamic Muslim
^if^lisl&miyyat' n m. Islamic studies
Islamics [A] .

jiy I as'leAah n.m. pl arm* armour XJi
asleffa-khanah n.». wwruri ; armoury [A-

SING. £lLj

^/jL^flisloob' n.m. (in.tg^i/lasaltb 1 ) style
' mode method way ;■ manner

form ; shape arrangement
Usloob' adj. elegant methodical well-
regulated ; well arranged {A]
y*''! ism n.m. (pl. Wiasma') name appel-
C lation denomination fgram.) noun
\Ais‘m-e islifbnm' n.m. interrogative pro-
nount/Plf^lis'm-t sharah'h n.m demonstrative
adjective is' mm "zam n.m. Almighty’ r

name the Ineffable Word (cherished for
incantation) — ''Him' ba mlsam'ma n.m.

one actually possessing the attribute implicit in
his or her name ism-e tqf&l’ n.m. adjec-

t rye,, of superlative (or comparative) degree
ism-e tankir', ism-e na'kirah n.m.

indefinite noun ism-e jamid n.m. primi-
tive noun ism-e jala'ti n.m. the illustrious

name of .God f^lism-e jins' n.m. generic
noun appellative ^ i ism-e / aiiy'yah n.m.
present > participlc<^*^') ism-e sifal' n.m. adjec-
tive is™-* zatm^N-is. personal pronoun
(J f l>^'\ism-efa’il n.m. subject (y/fi ism-e fadzi
n.m. fictitious name assumed name (f (^
ism-e kul'li n.m. generic noun I ism-e -

ma r ’rifak n.m. proper noun ism-e maf-ool'
n.m. passive participle dsWfl ism-e mausooi
n.m. relative pronoun ism-e navi'st n.f.

writing out the list of witnesses cataloguing
Jbp^f-ism^var' adj. riame T wise ts'tasma' n.m.
Pt. names appellations denominations
•» nouns JtrjbU'lasma" ir-rijal' n.m.
cyclopedia of narrators Traditions branch'
of knowledge judging merits or otherwise of
Tradition-nariS&rs dictionary of national
biography If^Lh'iasma'-e bus’na (or

uz'ma) n.m. pl. the Beautiful (or Great)

Names ; ninety-nine epithets of God [A]

Jw lasmar' n.m. pl. nightly talks-
. nocturnal stories IA~ sing. f sa'mar ]
C/rl asms*' n.m. pl. (lit.) ears [A- sing. tf\

dito isma'il' n.m. Ishmael (as the name
of Abraham’s elder son) Isma’il<as
the name of a seventh and last Imam of a
Shi’ite sect called after him) fr* Ir'l isma'VU adj.

descended from Ishmael pertaining to
Isma’ili sect n.m. Isma’ili ; member of his sect
-zkfl isma'ilKy’yah n.m. Isma'ilis ; the Sevener
Shi’ites ; the Seveners [A — HJ

I osaim'bali n.f. Assembly Hall ; Assembly
Chambers [E]

jiblasnad n.f. (dial, m.) (pl. of^aW n.f.

i. ★)

(j)\s\asnan' n.m. pl. (lit.) teeth (A- sing.<j/-
st»]

jSj^Sasrtar' n.m. (col.) (same asjb^N.M. it

y'l asvaft'si n.f. a lineal land'measure

fry'iosooj’ n.m. seventh month of Hindu
calender (corresponding to September-
October [S]

yy*\as’vad adj. black n.m. {vh.js’sood^jy
soodari) Negro,/) as'vad-o-aih‘mar n.m.
(members of) the black and the white races
Jj^'j/’baih'r-e as'vad n.m. the black Sea (A)
iJLf^fishal' n.m. diarrhoea flux

isha'L-e da' mam n.m. bloody flux ; hae-
matic discharagc [A

,(^§*v‘hol adj. very easy [A-J^ sup,]

tr^ps'oah n.m. example ; pattern ; ideal tyi
JZm^Zs'va-t ha'scmah n.m. the ideal of
good good example (of the Holy Prophet

lA] /
iff i'ji adj. its own pron. this very fOnf'l

lot' Hi i' si din ko pa' la tka ph. did I bring

you up for this reward ? [ ~</l is (f ]

O' si adj. its own pron. that very [ ~tSfus

, +a1

f I os’si N.m. &. ADJ. Eighty J Ijf'l as 'sivafi adj
eightieth os' si if a m'dani,

dtaura'si ka kharsfc' prov. live at the rate of
six scores to the hundred b {tytitrf.tf'

m* ba'ras fti ‘ iimr ' nam miyafi ma'soem prov.
person feigning ignorance
^ l/\ asyaf ^rfas'yaf n.f. (pl. oftiM'iaj/ n. f.
** ★)

y^fasir' n.m. prisoner captive

asi'r-e a'b-o-gil' attached to one’s native
land bound by mundane things t) Ifc^i asi’r-e
s&lia'rn n.m. prisoner of State (£*?iasi'n n.f.
imprisonment confinement ; incarceration
captivity [A]

ij*^(asis' n.f. (dial.) blessing ; benediction
fSJ

ase'sar n.m. assessor (E)

£/!/(?! isharat' n.m. (pl. oft^N.M. it)

&jL'\is*arat’ n.f. insinuation hint [A~

* doublet of fol.J

0j\2\ish*'rah n.m. (pl .Zi&iskarat') hint

suggestion indication gesticulation
gesture , .wink sign token note
clue (11) syrrtboll*/ $j0l ishi'rah kar'na v.t.

?\

signal beckon' hint suggest indicate
— ityl isha're par eftaina V.I.' be at the
bcek an d_ call (of) be under control (of)
^-jlf tjOuZ^aql' maftd ko isha'rah ka'fl jiai
prov. a word may suffice to a wise personjM-^
isharali adj. symbolic(£/l7/ijfra'ri adj.
symbolic index (card)y>l5t ishany'yah n.m.
index Vj*J/gj\?\\6hariy'yah mural' tab kar'na

v.t. compile an index (of) (A]

£S\!>\ isha'‘al n.f. publication propaga-
tion dissemination circulation ,
spread ; difusion edition *», (rta)

qa'bU-e isha'‘at adj. (not) suitable for .publica-
tion [A ~ J

pC'\P\adia'‘irah n.m. (pl. of n.m. if)

£A?'lashbah‘ n.m. (lit.) Bodies objects
, [A- SING. ]

tlsloshbah' n.m. (pl. oi^shib'h n.f ★)

ts&ii 'a 1 ' n.m. elongation of vowel sound
k (fu£'!ishba' , i ADJ. elongated (short-vowel)
'ma (pr Jai'ha pr kas'ra)-e
ishba'i n.m. elongated u (or a or i )
g^jPiishtibab' n.m. ambiguity doubt

suspicion uncertainty hesitation
distress ifi&fishliba'hi adj. doubtful sc*i-
pulous [A~

) l£?t ishlidad' n.m. strengthening in-

. creasing in violence [A
^Aiush'lUr n.m (same as sh't'tur n.m. if)

\y2\ishlira' n.m. purchase selling

y # trade ; commerce [A - lif 4 ]
u T)*^'f ishtirak' N.m. partnership society

company co-operation colla-
boration (rare) subscription (to periodical)
ba'dal-e ishtirak' n.m. (rare) subscrip-
tion (to periodical )J(^l!y/i/tYa’Ai n.m. socialist
ADJ. socialist socialistic ishtirakiy'yat

n.f. socialism [A~

J \Pi ishte'ai' n.m. provocation instiga-
tion incitement (1‘lbij ishte'al

it ’na (or dila'na) V.T. provoke ; incite ; insti-
gate C^JU*^lishte‘al-e tab' 1 n.m. provocation
ishte'a’lak n.f. instigation incite-
ment ishlt'a 'lak de'na v.t instigate

incite {A- J*']

J u4 ishtfghal' n.m. occupation avoc?-
.. hon trade engagement [A -J* 3 }
{J UVf ishtiqaq' n.m. Derivation

» ishti qaq n.m. etymology [A~ Jr'J
t trbtemal' n.m. (land) consolidation
comprising ; containing (f'i/lJP'l
ishtemal-e ara'zi n.m. land consolidation ; con-
solidation of landholdings krJL Jiriishtima'l-e
be' ja' n.m. misjoinder ishtima'l-q

da‘'va n.m. joinder of causes of action J (At
ishtim'ti adj. & n.m. Communist; Commu-
nistic O^V^tishlimaliy'yat n f. 'Afcmmunism

[A-^l

[tyZ'l ishteba' n.f. appetite hunger
.. . (rare) urge [A]

JVY^fishteh.ir n.m. (PL.iP'jlr^hshleharat')

advertisement bill ; poster hand-
bill notification, notice publicity
currency placard _ (arch.) renown ; cele-
brity^t^tJ^jOiC^i ishtehar' ave'zafi (or &as'-
{pan) kar'na, ishtehar' laga'na v.t. put

up (or affix) a prater ,. \yy jCr^ishtehar de'na
v.t. advertise ishtehar' kar'na v.t.

(arch.) notify ; publish^l^^f frhteAaVj adj.
proclaimed ^popularized through advertise-
ment ('/tfjCr y Ushteha'rl mitj'rim n.m. pro-
claimed offender one who has decamped
rA~*w^]

{Jh^iishliyaq' n.m. liking; fondness
wish ; longing yearning ; hankering
bent, i desire [A - JA 1 ]
jf^lash'tami n f. eight day (of Hindu month)

** » [I]

j\P\ashjar' N.M. (PL of^ N.M. if)

* •

jash'ja' adj. Braver of bravest

^ ,(more or) most valiant [A£.^ s 'siip.]
a shkh at’ NM (pl of^/^N.M. if)

*

X>\ashad‘ adj more or most vehement
urgent extreme severe excessive

violent ^jy^Atoshad' zaroo'rat n.f. urgency
I fsr/tj&iashad ' zaroo'ri adj. very important
urgent [A - vtA^SUP.]

Jir'lashar' adj. (more or) most wicked ; more
or most wiciouso'Oj^lashar'r-un-nas' n.m.
the most wicked of menjj^lashrar' N.M. pl.
the wicked criminals malicious persons

[A->]

58

being the real person btasa'latan adv
in person ; ‘in propria persona’ origi-
nally primarily [A ~ ij^l] ,

| asah' adj. (more or) most authentic
asah' h-Ul-ku tub n.m. the most authentic

book

n.m. pl. Companions (of the
Holy Prophet) w comrades friends
preceptors disciples nobles ; peers
possessors of ; those having those pertaining
to >-'l7*iasha'b-ul-fil' , (Jf.^d^lashab-e fil'
n.m. pl. the army with elephants ; the .pre-
Islamic Abyssinian invaders of Mecca l
asha'b-e kah'f n.m. pl. Catacomb Comrades
{A ~sino.

jUtffisdar'. n.m. proceeding appea-
rance production issue {A
■Jy^lisrar' n.m. obduracy persistanee
It I constancy [A]

(pU*TI istibagh’ n.m. baptism C*C>UWi istibagl}
de'na v.T. baptise tyfc'&'listiba gh le’na
v.i. be baptised

os’ total n.m. stable [A~ L)

{or (is’ tarlab’ (or

as'-) n.m. astrolable ; [A

-GJ

lltt*listifa' n.m. choice ; selection
.. [A~^]

islilah' n.f. term ;
technical term slang expression
conventional phraseology.^/kjlfc-’l islilahai' n.f.
pl. terms; technical terms slang ex-
pressions rWi{frvaz''-e istilahat' n.m. coin-
ing of technical terms tfttWlislila'hi adj.
technical conventional secondary
istUa'fa ma l 'na (or-nl) n.m. technical sense
conventional meaning [A~ if ]
i^as'ghar adj. little tiny younger

or youngest smaller or smallest n.m. (pl.
/’Plasa'ghir) younger or youngest son, etc.

this as male name a person of no impor-
tance tS/^tasQali n.f. (false feminine used

as female name) younger or youngest
daughter, etc. [A ~ /g^sup.]
jw*\as’far adj. yellow saffron-coloured ;

of the colour of mustard-flower [A]
tJU*| «j/fya n.m. (pl. ofd^N.M. it)

L^as'l n . f . original principal ; princi-
U | pal sum stock-in-trade root
essence ; quintessence cause ; root-cause
spring, source base ; foundation plinth
basis (11) truth ; reality (12) lineage (13)
pedigree adj. essentially vital funda-
mental ; basic substantive positive
important principal chief legitimate
real ; true (11) actual (12) factual
asl-e usool' asl-ul-usool n.m. funda-

mental principal ir^tj^iasl-usoos' n.t. liquo-
rice root asl' khair se adv. (W. dial.)

safety at# 'j^lasl ma’ sood' principal with in-
terest tyity*\as l-o-far'' n.m. root and
branch cause.and effect i^J^tasl' nas'l n.f.
(col.) lineage £? J^las'l naf" n.m. net profit
Was' la Was' tan adv. never at any time
at all ; in the least altogether <J?*las'ti adj.

true ; real genuine , authentic pure ;
unadulterated original natural . basic ;
fundamen tal actual ; factual.^HW/ty^a/ n . f

truth ; reality basic facts (about) origin
genuineness purity authenticity
originality [A]

7 jUq islah' n.f. ( pl. t si a tat' ) reform

U reformation correction (of pupil’s

exercise) writing pattern (written by teacher
for pupil) (rare) haircut (rare) trim-
ming of(bcard) ICit/Wiislah’ banana v.T. trim
(beard) ■Sp/Z/tf) islah'-pazlr adj. docile
amenable (i'JljCiOWiislah.' de'na (or kar'na)
v.T. correct rectify amend improve
revise reform isla'h-t maz'hat

n.f. Reformation ; the Protestant Reformation
isla’h-t nas'l n.f. eugenics
islah' bar' vaq't mum'kin hai prov. it is
never too late to mcndC>biUl islahaf n.f. pl.
reforms Ll/jsl'&lsWl islahat'^ ns’fiz kar'na v.T.
impliment reforms Z/WLX/f taihrt' k-c-islah' n.f.
Reformation [A -» ]

as'h ADj. Ct^fasliy’yat n.f. (see under v*

J*\ asam' adj. deaf (math.) surd -fP#*
I miqda'r-e asam' n.f. (pl .fl/j&maqadir-e
asam') surd [A

£fb*losnaf n.f. pl. genres sexes

species asna'f-e si'khan n.f. pl.

genres of literature [A - sinq.up^’}

&

^[s*lasn3tn’ n.m. (pl. of ^ w.m.

CJ/f N.F. (PL. of^N.F. «fr)

Sreof n.«. principle n.m. pl. funda-
mentals. causes principles princi-
ples of Muslim jurisprudence dogmas

manners Utool-t mQta'a'rafah n.m. pl.

axioms Usool'l-t mauzoo' l ah n.m. pl.

(math.) postulates fcyjJ/*lusoo' l-o-ftiroo'' n.f.
pl. causes and effects creed and law (of
faith) according to Shi’ite sect [A~ sing. J*/]
asil adj. pedigreed of good extrac-
w tion high-born ; noble genteel

pure; unmixed asil'

gko're ko cha'buk ki ha'jat na'kih prov a good
horse should be seldom spurred. [A~cPi]

izafat n.f. genitive case mutual
construction (of two nouns) ; construct
phrase^ appendage ; adjunct reference

J k/is'rn-*- ■irn'fat M.u. tim nf mn«hiict

kas'ra-t - izafal n.m. sign of construct
phrase [A doublet of fol.]
j U?| izs'fah n.m. enhancement addition
. enlargement excess surplus

(j &tiza'fi adj. relative comparative
additional supplementary surplus [A]

iza ‘fy 'ya t £*> W*.finazariy'ya-t iza'Jiy'yat
a n.f. ( theory of relativity^UltVa/i adj.
(see,tmderJti/N.M. -jjlr) [A-prrc.]

,Sy\ Uzboo'kah n.m-. laughi ng-stock J ojijfjl
uzhoo'ka-e roz-gar’ n.m. butt of ridicule [A~

/j I o.zJia n.m. pl. sacrifices ; sacrificial ani-
■ mals victims ff IH^id-uU azjha n.f.,
the sacrificial Eid ; Eid-ul Azha [A ~ sing.
itfhtyyah]

jjjj0\azdad n.f. pl. opposites. words

each of which conveys two opposite
meanings

izlirab' n.m. impatience rest-

lessness ; uneasiness anxiety
agitation anguish vexation distur-

bance; commotion N.F. agitat-
ed uneasy (fSJbj!) C^^iztira'HkaiJiy'yat
(or hs'lat) uneasiness ’ restlessness [AJ

iztirar' n.m. constraint force;
t coercion restraint ..agitation
violence perturbation (fj^iztiraii adj.
involuntary uncontrolled cA/ifJ

tztirz'rf ha'lat (or kcafiy'yat) n.f. compulsion
involuntary state [A]

n.m. pl. double things
twofold things multiples
zoo az‘a'f-e aqal' n.m. lowest common multiple
LCM ^C/^az'af-e muza'afah n.m. pl.
manijfold things [A~sino. jj^ze'f]

az u qf adj. most (or more) feeble
decrepit [A.~ ‘^'sup.J

fljflii/lju&f az$a's-e Mam n.m. pl. mean-
‘ ingless nightmares disturbed

dreams [A]

azl a*' n.f. administrative district ;
districts parts ribs sides (of figuce)
[A-sing.cP]

/JjjJrf izlal" n.m. leading astray [A~ Jtt+]

jU^f izmsr’ n.m. use of a pronoun /&[£■

izmar ’ gab'l-vz-zik'r n.m. use of a
pronoun' before mentioning its antecedent ;
pronoun preceding own antecedent [A~^-^ j
A llyrf izmrhlal' n.m. . weakness depres-
sion ty/fyc^tabf'at par izmek-

l&V tn'ri ho’rm v.i. feel very much run down
be enervated (A]

azy&f n.m. (pl. ofiiLfN.M. if)

iSfilrhtfat N.F. obedience reverence
worship Cjlyljj \ it a 1 at shi‘ar’

(or gazar) adj. obedient^l^t^W^tf
shi‘n’t1 (or guzs’rl) n.f. obedience
ita' s at kar’na v.t. obey pay homage (to)
worship (A]

Qibititaq' n.m. (rare) room Jlbluiaqi adj.
Jrare) pertaining to room rooming
. UtiCjIbl Uta'gi jo'ra n.m. rooming couple
(J\jriqial’ int. may elongate i/ZnJlblata'1-
aUa'ho Sm'rjahdo int. may God grant him-
a long life [A ~ J>J

Mlita'liyah n.f. ItalytfJIblita'lm adj. I talia n
•\ u [E~It.)

ctibba' n.m. pl. physicians prac-
titioners of indigenous system of medicine
[A~ sti)ic.w>l

* .1 *

alraf' n.f. Pl. directions side
extremities suburbs environs
outpost boundaries &iHs*>ibtatra'f-o-aknaf’
n.m. pl. surroundings all sides
atra'f-e shaih'T n.f. environs of city or town
suburbs [A ~ SINO li»>]

tfjtl itri'fal n.f. a kind of medicated pudd-
ing(A~Si^i

at'‘imah n.m. (pl. offbhi.st. -fc)

Ifijrlilfa' n.m. extinction (of fire) (A)

N.M. PL. children babies
issues J U>( Jrji. baZl'(ha-e atfal' n.m. child’s
play [A ~ SXNOi

yftifi ittila‘ n.f. information intimation
comunication intelligence report
notice notification (£Mr£/lhlittila"e ha'ziri
N.F. joining repor de'na (or
htt’n a) inform apprise acquaint

report give notice communicate yl'frilkt
ittila"-na'mah n.m. written notice rftfrl&i
iUila"-ya'H getting information receipt
or acknowledgment of notice, ctc- tfei ittifa c, -an
ADV. by way of notification for informa-
tion lit) i nils.' 'an 'an' kai ph. submitted

for information [A ~

tftfjrt itlaq' n.m. application (lit.) setting
at liberty itlaq' rakk’na v.i.'be ap-
plicable (to) C/jifbl itlaq' kar'tm v.t. apply
(to) use (a word or phrase) in a particular
sense tyjjlih itlaq’ ho'na v.i* be apt be
applicable Jl^lil^'alal itlaq' adj. absolute
adv. absolutely 3toiild*Si'ha'kim(-e) ‘alal
itlaq' n.m. (God, as) the Absolute Ruler -(A)

, J&\at'las N.M. satin j-^t at'lasi adj. satin

,.l[A]

^A\jf\itminan‘ nm. satisfaction calm-
** ness ; composure complacency
confidence respite pledge surety cfLuJ’i
fciMljM'itirHna'n-e kha'tir (or qalb'): n.m. satisfac-
tion of mind (*/c itmjnan' kajna v.t. & t.
satisfy (someone or oneself) i itmnan’

ke la"iq adj. trustworthy ; reliable [A]
wlih itnsb' n.m. verbosity profusehess
* (of speech) [A]
t^U'l alnab' n.f. (pl. ofi.'D’N.F. ir)

j\J?\atvar' n.m. pl . conduct ; behaviour
.ways ; manners deportment

characteristics practices customs

khiih-atvar adj. well-mannered affable
polite ; courteous [A - sing.

athar' adj. & n.m. pl. unpolluted
chaste (persons) non-menstural periods

(A -sing. (a)yfU>(b) yfi
Jrfat'har adj. (more or) most pure [A ~/t'*
.sup.] ,

(JDJrladal’ n.m. (pl, ofjN.M. if)

nz’lam adj.
I .cruel] [A~

darkest (more or) most

jl>H izhar n.m. expression ; expressing

disclosure examination or deposition
of a witness testimony display procla-
mation (f^jt^rizha r-t ha' If l n.m. deposition
QjjUFi izhar ' de'na y.u bear testimony

attest depose I’/jfj’lizkar' kar'na express
unfold announce assert izhar'

le'na v.t. examine (witness) put

(someone) in the witness-box ^^vl^) izhar’-
navis' n.m. deposition writer izha’r-a

ibla gh n.m. expressing and conveying of mean-
ing ; communication [A — v>‘]

J?\ az'har Apj. evident ; obvious dear
plain az'har min-art-skams' adj.

crystal clear ; quite manifest
pjwfe'a'dah n.m repetition revision
review ; renewal Ife/lel e'a'dak kar'na v.t.
repeat revise {A — //]
riylfia'adl n.m. pl. foes ; enemies fA - PL. Of

P\f\ a'a’zm ADJ. & N.M. (PL. of VlADJ. tA)

(JUla'a'ft ADJ. & N.M. (PL. of if l ADJ. it)

lOdlfle' a'nat n.f. help ; assistance sup-
port abetment ; facilitation ; extension
of facility fecslfte'a'nat-ejurm’ n.f. abet-
ment of crime ^sifijjlHimda'd-o-e'a'nat n.f.

help succour [A — fc!/]

m e'tibar n.m. credence confidence ;
* faith credit esteem (lit.) taking
a lesson from accordance ^j&^ke e'tibar'
se ph. according to Cl jiff i e'tibar’ a’na v.T« be-
lieve CjfZulpi e'tibar’ uik'ja’na v.t. lose credit
e'tibar' kar'na v.t. believe trust
give credit (to) have faith (in) ; repose
confidence (in) depend (upon)
e'tibar' kha'na v.t. lose credit losereputa-
tionjC*i[ba-e‘tibar’ adj. reliable; trust-
worthy crcditablcbfsjChlji'ba-tia' Zar-e e'tibar
dekh'na v.t. take a lesson from (some event) ;
draw a moral for oneself (from something)

I fjO*1t'tibart adj. reliable , trustworthy

creditable [A]

m ,tida' n.f. tyrannizing cruelty [A]

(Jltfl e‘ tidal' n.m. moderation tem-
perance evenness balancell^yj Uh
e’ tidal par raih'na v.i. be temperate
observe the golden mean [A —J-O ]

* tizar ' n.m- apology excuse [A ~

t? e'tirsz' n.m. objection fault-find-
ing criticism observation tak-
ing exception protest resistance ani-
madversion e'tirsz ipesh) kar'na

v.i. take exception (to) raise an objec-
tion cavil at call in question protest
disapprove e'tiraz' raj" kar'na

v.i. remove the cause of an objection
redress , thc grievance (of) Mift/l^'ie'tera'ze
Zabilah N.M. technical objection [A ~
iZJl^fle'tiraf 1 n.m. admission confession
avowal recognition
e'liraf- kar’na vp. confess ; admit own ,
acknowledge tCfalp'le'lira'f-e gunah' n.m. con-
fession of one's sin [A ~ $ lip}

t'liz&z n.m. eminence respect-
f .. ability [A ~

U ’ifl e'tizal’ n.m. dissent secession

rakhina (or kar'na) v.T. repose confidence
in depend upon [A]

m e' tina' N.f. care solicitude exer-

tion ; labour; .taking pains
e'tina ke qa'bil, dar' khlr-e e'lina' adj.

worthy of attention [A]

M e'jaj n.m. miracle marvel wonder ■

* e'ja'z-e masiha'Ci) .n.m.

Messiah’s miracle (fig.) wonderful cure

,J\ a! Jam n.m. non-Arab, £ ‘a'jami n.m.

■ * (see under it)

o'joo'bah n.m.‘ wonder [A ~<^jJ'ajab]
tjpla ! da' n.m. (pl. oOyVN.it. it)

a'dad' n.m. pl. numbers a'da'd-e

mutaba^yinah n.m. pl. (math.) prime
numbers^l^i* I a'da'd-i-nru'tava'-Jqah n.m. pl.
(math.) composite numbers J'C&jImi a'da'd-e
mutada khilah n.m. pl. (math.) concordant
numbers jtr'jjlvia'da'd-o-shlmar' n.m. pl.
slatistics facts and figures [A ~ sing. »]

\ e'rab 1 n.m. vowel points cases (of
nouns, etc.) [A]

Jt \f'\ a'rabi n.m. (pl. y jpla'rab ') Bedouin ;

, Arabian nomad [A]

</j A e'raz' n.m. shunning shrinking

from eschewing vfSfWi e'raz' kar'na

withdrawal Rationalism (as a school
of Muslim scholastic philosophy) [A ~ J'f)
f'laS'te'tisam’ n.m. holding fast .catching

■' hold (of) refraining from
t'lisartl be-hablillah' n.m. holding fast to the

covenant with God [A ~

,Pr e'tiqad' n.f. belief' faith credence
reliance (in) e'tiqad' rakk'na

v.i. believe (in) have faith (in)
repose confidence (m)Cljjj0i e'tiqad' la'na v.i.

believe (in) become a convert (to) j ‘0'S
Vjfe'tiqad'hp’na v.T. & u have faith (in)
beli tvqf>0\e‘tiqa'dl adj. (matters, etc.) per-
taining to belief [A ~ tjiif)
l if&Urtikaf' n.m. retirement (to mosque) for
continued prayer lyol&te'tikaf kar’na
V.J. retire thus [Aj

lO/rW n.m. (lit.) rise raise in-
orease [A~>]

P * tinted n.m. faith cpnfidcnce
oiw reliance (lyj.ktfjlftrimad'

shun shrink from eschew decline
[A-t^J

fj*lfla'raz n.f. (pl. of foaraz n.f. ^)

a'raj (col. ai‘~) n.m. place between
Heaven and Hell Purgatory [A]
a' ’raj adj. (lit.) lame [A]

]i'/le'zzz- n.m. (vL.&ljl'/U'zazat') esteem
award title ; title of honour (con-
ferred by government, etc.) exaltation
extolling e'za'S adj. honorary
t'zaziy'yah-NM. honorarium reception [A~

&‘A

,f\ a'iz'zah n.m. pl. relatibns, relatives

a'iz'za-o-aqa'rib n.m. Pl. kith and kin;
near and distant relations (A
ji^a'shar' n.u. pl. pieces-’ tom or broken
.pieces (of) tens£A~j^J

a'thBriy'yohHM. decimal decimal
** point a'sha'ri (or «‘.j adj.

62

decimal q'shs'ri sik'kah n.m. decimal

coin a‘sha'ri nitsm' N.M. decimal
system [A ~

uU) a‘jai' n.m. pl. nerves muscles
d'Ltf a 1 sabi adj. nervous
a'ss'bi jaiig n.f. war of nerves [A~siNG. fc ^ p ]
vt^e'rar' n.m. extracting the juice (of) crush-
ingj U'ia'ssr' n.m. pl. times ages
eras [A -X] ?$•

W a'za n.m. pl. organs limbs

of tare ra'tsah n.m! pl. chief organs ofi the
body («£., heart, brain, liver,, testicles)^-^
a l Za sbi'kani n.f. fatigue pain in limbs
(owing to feverishness, etc.) [A ~ sino.^m^J
USi e‘ts' n.m. bestowal grant |A~ [if]

a‘.'zam adj. & n.m. (PL.^la‘a'^tm) .

1 greatest (person, etc.) the great
'sdd-e a“zam n.m. highest common factor ;
H.C.F. J?ii’qa r id-e a ( ’zam n.m. the Great
Leader (as title of the Founder of Pakistan) ;
the Quaid-i-Azam a l 'zam n.m.

the Great Moghul (as appellation of the
Moghul emperor of India, .Akbar) [A ~
sup.} • *

M e‘/a' n.m, upholding elevation
1/1*0 eHa'-e kalimat-Ulfiaq' N.M- uphold-
ing the truth [A ~ J* ]
jtyl a l lsnd n.m. (pl. of ^‘alam n.m. ★>

ffiPi <‘lam'N.M. (lit.) notification announce-
I ■’ ment ^fldie l lsmiy'yah n.m. PreSs (Note

handout proclamation [A ~

N,M * notification announdb-
*^ , *^ , meht pronouncement [A]

I if 1 a' la adj. & n.m. (pl. J lfa‘s'ti) topmost
W ’ first-rate principal superior
higher elevated most dignified (person)
supreme being God {A ~ J
' a 1 am adj. very common most (or

I more) common {A- f sup.]
m a ( msq' n.m. (pl. of J^n.M. ■£)

Jifi a'msl' n.m. actions acts beha r
viour ; conduct ^Ci^a'mslns'mah n.m.
record of (someone’s) doings record of
(someone’s) misdeeds [A ~ sing.

a'msm n.m. pl. unclesJA ~ j*f]

(

I a ll ms adj. blind (A]

^/id'usn’ ti.M. name of a Rajput clan

its members n.m. p.l. nelpers (A~stNO.

fc»/l

{/[/la'yari n.m. pl. eyes dign&torks
) cdt> u) if'l a'ys'n-t dau'lai (or sal’tbnat )
n.m. pl. dignatorics of State {A - sing. <£]
Ajfjtgh/iBom' N.m. capture as booty; seizing
pillaging [A - .

SJf\a$'ziya'k n.m. (pl. ofj^N.F.

a$rat' n.m. (pl. of (f/g haraz n.f. ir)

*♦. ♦

{Jiff ighTaq' N.M. exaggeration hyper-
bole [A. ~Jf]

Ufa f idghtqt n.m. pl. mistakes errors [sing.

»• » A iM]

jjfyfi ighfaq' n.m. abstruseness [A]

Jjfch/a/'.N ,M. pl. yokes chains [A~

\ SING,

/flffigblsm' n at. sodomy ; paederasty [A

' .toy],

i^iMfagh'lab adv. probably very likely

adj. probable quite , possible [A ~

. sup ,-l

/ t^/Jf/a‘gha/ Aa'gfW adj. on either side
’ right and left [ ~

^d^lagh'laf adj. uncircumcizcd [A ~ &D*]

(fit I ighmsz' N.m. overlooking; neglect

connivance (I l‘sf. C&j ijA) Ojfi/iti ighmsz'
ba’ratns (oe raps' rakk'ha (or kar'rts) v.t.
overlook connive (at) [A]

(Jflaghtiiys' n.m. pl-. the, upper classes
**, rich people [A ~ sing. fl
ij/j ig}}vs' n.m, abduction (rare) seduc-
tion ; enticement ; leading astray IZ/tPi
ighsS karris v.t. abduct (rare) seduce ;
lead astray [A— //']

^/faghysr' n.m. pl. strangers unfamiliar
** persons rivals opponents [A~8 ino.
%\

int. ah;. oh no alas fie; for

shame I n/' re int. ah ; oh aol'/sn*v&l
fi/' tak na kar'rts v.i. not even to raise
one’s little finger not even to utter a faint
cry I’/cJtuf kar'ns v.i. sigh utter a cry
of pain mount bum; consume ; destroy
hojs’ns v.i. be burnt ; be consum-
ed ; be destroyed [A}

Q\JS

64

<A

• 0

enlarge rise in price Jj])lafzoo'r& n.f. in-
crease augmentation plenty rise (.in
price) [P-pREC.j

jOlafsM N.F. (same as (J&w.t. if)

JH*ffafsa'ruih,}lJfasa'nah n.m. short story
concocted story fiction
efsa'na-khaft, J iCHafsa'na-go n.m. fabulist ;
romance or story teller j tpii^iafsa'na~nigar ' ,
<ji)j>C>\afsa'na namt n.m. short-story writer
<Sj ftkO I afsa'na-niga' ri, tf$iUiafsa‘na-naui'si
n.f. short-story writing JiCtj^mukhtasar-qfsa-
nah n.m. short-story j&fjtyjktadir makti-
Uuar-qfsa'nah n.m. long short-story [P]

taf'sar n.m. officer 'If^lqf’sar a 1 ’ la n.m.
superior officer chief authority^^L^ (
of sor-e ba’la das't n.m. superior officer
afsar(-e) mol n.m. Revenue Assistant f /** 1
af'sari n.f. being an officer officer’s
rank or cadre [E]
ff\qf'sar n.m. crown [P]

0)y*?\ afsUr'dah adj. dejected spiritless
melancholy bleak frigid
benumbed ; deprived of sensation # withered
extinguished ; extinct
kka'tir . f h uj^UtfaUr'da-dil adj. dishearten-
ed downcast fafsOr'dagi n.m. dejec-
tion melancholy ; depression bleakness
extinction (rare) frozenness [P~cfj^|]
In' n.f. wormwood ;

absinth [A ~G]

ifjPfafsos' N.M.

distress

sorrow woe
trouble ; afflic-
re morse ; repentance int.

jf/ ■ • •*

tion

(also hti’e afsos') . alas ,

ah dear ; dear dear \!j(j^j\cfsos'kar'na v.i.
deplore regret moan; bewail; lament
ttfeve ^sorrow pity mourn [P]
^jpfqfsooti n.m. charm; enchantment

incantation 'magic ; sorcery

afsooft' tfcal'na v.r. be successful in charming
afsooti kar'na v.i. enchant use
spelb or charms conjure exercise

afsooti -g& n.m. magician conjurer

wizard seer {Pj ./

tf ft? n.m.' divulging disclosure

. . i/dp'-troti n.m. disclosure of a secret 1A~

o&w 'shah n.f. tinsel strips for
bedecking face, hair, etc.
suf. sprinkling ; dispersing ;
diffusing ; spreading strewing
strewn sprinkled diffused

shah dkun'na v.t. sprinkle
tinsel strips ‘J &lqfsha'nl sup.
strewing diffusing scattering adj. sprink-

led wjth gold dust [P ~jjiUp I strewing]

ffjJ^lafshur'dah n.m. juice squash suf.

crushed messed ; squeezed out
filtered ; strained j/lt&\qfshuT'da-e dhgoor
N.M. (fig.) wine strain]

of ’sat} adj. eloquent (more or) most

.eloquent (A~ gf? sup.] ’ p

J&lafzal' n.m.pu favours excellences
[A-sing.^

0*^1 if&t' n.m. (rare) doing goor caus-

ing to excel or exceed leaving a ha-
lance [A ~ prec.]

^af zal adj. & n.m. (pl. jftafa'zif) «*_
cellent supreme most prominent
(person) ^Iqf’zal-ul-mur satin' n.m. (the
Holy Propet as) the most distinguished of the
prophets ofzaliy'yal n.f. supremacy
excellence [A~ prec.]

jQstfiftir' n.m. (co\.(fj\SH\ifta'Tt n.f.) break-
ing a fast breakfast light breakfast
I’Jgilffl iftar'karna v.t. break a fast [A]
JlPfafal' n.m. pl. acts ; actions deeds
conduct functioning
ul-ad'viyah n.f. pharmacology
o-'Za n.f. physiology [A - sing. J**]
rf&lafi (pcd. of “a) n.m, asp ; adder ; viper;
serpent [A]

U* I a/gh 2 n'JiPfigl} ah' (or/g-) n.m. wail
clamour , complaint [P]

(ji^lafgfan' oT (df’ghah) n.m. Pathan a
# native of Afghanistan [P]

JWfnq n.m. (Ph.Jlitafaq') horizon uf'qi
n.m. (ped. u'fUqi) adj. horizontal [A]
jPlUfknr' n.f. ideas thoughts ; thinking
notions meditation cars ; worries
poetical works writings philosophical
system ; philosophy [A — sing.
j\£)\ afgar' ,j$figar' adj. wounded ; lacerated
suf. wounding ; lacerating [P]

^riaf'gan, ^Pfigan' suf. overthrowing;
flinging hurling ejecting bUjJ&i
J adj. & suf. throjm fallen prost-
rate fjj>)ajgatida$ t $j$figatidagl n.f.

ing hurling throwing down casting away
downtrodden state

(jDiliflas' n.m. poverty ; penury ; indigence
want [A] ,

qflatoori n.m. _ Plato
boaster ; braggart I af la toon' kd

said ph. (col.) conceited personal*

D^/ba'ra a yd ka'hxfi se afldtoori kd said ph.
what a conceited person ! aflaloo'nl adj.

Platonic nau-faldtooniy'yat n.f. neo-

platonism [A ~ G]

L f [\ilaflak ' n.m. PL. heavenly spheres ,
spheres the heavens ; sky ; firmament
starry host Heaven [A~ sing.
fyi)l a f'vdj' n.f. pl. armies armed
forces hosts crowds legion^'i^j/l
afvd'j-e qd'hirah n.f. victorious army
armed forces &ty , ((j’baih'rx afvdj' n.f. pl. Navy
fyljltfS.bar'fi afvdj' n.f pl. Army ; land forces
2 J/i{j!ti'}jJ&faZd'’i (or hava"x) afvdj' n.f. pl.
Air Force [A ~ sing. &>]
f\vffo,tj\uf'f°h int. (expressive of surprise or
regret) oh [onO.]

fijiqfvdh' n.f. rumour hearsay gossip
town-talk tipi Jjlafodh (or

afvd'hth) ura'rtd (nxpiaila'nd) v.t. spread
rumour(s) ; bruit abroad ( £j\ hj)\) Uy t lj I

afvqh' (or afvd'hth) 3 r'na (or pkail'na)~ v.i.
be rumoured (of rumour) be spread [ ~ A
sing. fooh or ‘J fam mouth] '

njlifhdm’ n.m: causing (someone) to under-
stand ; driving home \o ha' m-o-

tafhim' n.m. mutual understanding talks ;
negotiations conciliation rapprochement

[A~ Vcaus.] f . .

Jr\aj\rh JjfJafyoon' n.f. opium
'.afyri (or ajyoori) kdgha'Id n.m. dilute opium
(^vOC^^b^afim' (or afyoon!) ki dkHs' Ai n.f.
a sip of opium tf~\afim'dtl, (^Jafi'mi, *Jj£i
afyoo'ni n.m. opium-eater n.f opium
eater [~ poll.]

afyoon' n.f. (same qs pl n.f ifj^jfj
afyoo'ni n.m. same as//l(sec under j?\ n.f
★)[A] ■ *

f I aqd'rib n.m pl . relatives, relations
• ••

kindred >~'j\t\jy'f i a!X z-o aqd'rib n.m.
ri “ kith -and kin ; kindred i near and dear

ones [A ~ i ~ js^sup.] ..

aqdlim' n.f. (pl. of^fiN.F. if)

I iqg'mat n.f. stay sojourn .dwell-
ing iqa'mat ikhliydr kar'nd

v.i. , stay dwe\lik / £sifUqd'mat-gah n.f.
dwelling ; lodging ; abode (rare) hostel

S[)\oqdriim' n.m. pl. bases Pjpfi/iaqdru'mt
(** sald'sah N.m. pl. (dial ) Trinity [A ~ sing.

(fr)

(JOliqbdl' n.m. prosperity luck ; fortune

confession acknowledgment name
of philosopher-poet who gave people vision of
Pakistan ; Iqbal (j/fJO'tiqbdl-e da l 'va n.m.
confession of guilt ; ‘cpgnovit’ acknowledg-
ment of a claim iqbal-i-sikah’darj n.m.

(fig.) extremely good fortune li/fjlfiiqbdl' kar'nd
admit confess (guiltU^jti’i iqbal-mohd adj.

■ fortunate well-off thriving prosperous
Jifijqbali adj . confessional n . m . confessor

^UUliqbdliyyat' n . m . books on the poet-
philosopher Iqbal Iqbal bibliography [A ~

I..

J'O^Uqtibds' n.m. excerpt; extract
* quotation derivation (of bene.
etc ; ) [A]

\%\iqtidd' n.f. following (person, action

or example) accepting the leadership
(of) c£&'l(fkt iqlida mtit , under the leadcr-
shipjaf [A - &jG]

jtJ&f iqliddr n.m. power sway authori-

ty influence eminence ; dignity
Ifljljfl iqtiddr-e a 1 ' Id n.m. supreme authority

,.)l‘pliqtiran' n.m. closeness ; getting close to-
^^ether [A- <tf)
y iqhsdd' n.m. economy (rare)
moderation ilSZtt^ilm-iU-iqlisad' n . m .
(rare) political economy , economics
iqtisa'di adj. economic C>jiC£\ iqtisadiyyat' n.f.
economics ; political economy (A — >*2>]
\jj3fiqli7d' n.m. exigency expediency

need ; necessity demand ; requisition
iqtiza'-t maslaJjat n.f expediency
Cifitetlrfalat kd iqtizd' n . m . exigency of
situation [A]

jijfl aqdar' n.f. pl. values jljtljlPlakhla'qi-
aqddr' n.f. pl. moral values

66

M

roofa'ri aqdar' n.f. fl. spiritual values yltfl if A
mad'di aqdar' n.f. pl. material (istic) values
If ~ sing .‘ib'qadr]

pjffaqdam' n.m. pl. of i''.* n.m. if)

flv t iqdam' n.m. initiative courage ;

valour going forward attempt
intent J*/]jj{iqda'm-e qot'l n.m. murderous as-
sault iq dam' kar'na v.i. take the initia-

tive attempt take steps (to) [A - fjt }
^Jjffaq'das adj. (more or) most holy

very sacred t-e aq das N.F. sacred
personality (A ~t/>i'sup.]
jl} ( iqrar' n.m. promise assent admis-
sion contract declaration

iqrar' kar'na v.i. promise ; confess admit
accept assent agree iqrar' -

na'r.iah n.m. agreement contract

written bond indenture assurance de-
claration compact ; covenant pact ;
treaty iqra'r-e sa'leh n.m. solemn declara-
tion iqrar-vd mah sa'lisi n.m. arbitra-

tion agreement^)! iqra'rl adj. confessing
confessional n.m. confessor [A - jljf]
yijjfaqran' n.m. pl. peers [A ~ sing, dyqirn]

^/*Haq'rab adj. (more or) most near n.m. (pl.
w-ylTl eqd’rib) relative ; relation

SUP.]

b" aqriba' n.m. pl. relations ; relatives
kindred ; kith and kin allies [A — sing.

']

ffaqsat' n.f. pl. instalments parts
'^C’Dlbil-aqsal' adv. by instalment
flJi aqsam' N.F. pl. kinds sets various
kinds very sorts ^C^lkfjam'la aqsatri
n.m. all types [A - sing, ^pqism]
r ^Jioqsam' n.m. pl. oaths [A ~ sing, ^qasam]

, M

lj*}\aq'sa adj. most (or more) distant;

if* mas 'j id-e aq'sa' n.f. E
the Rock [A]'
j\$Saqtar' n.m. pl. regions ; zones dia-
, w meters [A -sing.

fjjffiqla 1 ' N.M. pl. tracts ; pieces of land [A-
sing. jJ^]

*fj^\iqta 0 n.m. {pl. &ltUdiiqla < al') feudal
grant ; Rcf^flldl iql’’iy'pat n.f. feudalism

farthest
Dome of

tv >'i

jflaqal' adj. least ^^.^ba-da'raja-e aqal’ mini-
^ mum tylaqal'lan adv. (rare) at leastC^I
aqalliji'yat n.f. minority y^iaqalUy'yaii adj.
minority jy£d?\aqalliy'yafi fir'qah n.m. minority
community IA-^'sup.]
iZJflaq' laf adj. & n.m. uncircumcized (person)
JA]

(£jt\uqli'das n.m. Euclid geometry
£ [A~G] .

frfiqlim' n.f. (pl. yij] aqalim') country

\ zone clime iqlim' n.m. the

whole world [A - G]

y* filuqnoom n.m. '(pl./£VI aqanim) basis
' m (dial.) one of the Trinity [A]
j^fiqva' n.m. rhyming with unidentical
vowel sound(s) use of imperfect rhyme

%

tj]J\aqval' n.m. pl. sayings ; saws ; maxim
words precepts (Jlti(jtj'laqva'l-o a‘mal'
n.m. pl. precepts and practices [A — sing. Jj)
r\J\aqvam' n.m. pl. nations races

castes aqva'm-e miitHahidali,*jStyl}l(Jji
ida'ra-e aqva'm-e mui'tahidah n.f. United
Nations (Organization) ; U.N.(0.)
aqva'm-e magh'rib n.f. pl. Western nations ;
the, West [A ~ sing.,

at>], oncjioitkbar adv. once (fjf/itk-
bsr'gi adv. suddenly ; all at once (sOlikta'ra
n.m. single-stringed harp j)i"Jlik-ia'la n.m.
name of a tune on ' tabla’ Ir^fi ik-j a ' adv.
together at one place fil/tik dam' adv.
suddenly immediately ; m in a jiffy JjJ\ik-

rukkt adj. one-sided ik-ru'k^ tasvir

n.f. onesided picture profile silhouette
y/tJ\ik-goo'nah adv. sort of a little ;
somewhat l£L/1 ik-la'ra n.m. single-stringed
(necklace) [-fa^lcoNTR.]

|j| ik ka n.m. ace (in cards) a kind of
old-fashioned carriage adj. one single
unique l/tik'ka duk'ka adj. desultory
one or two just a few (
yf/l ak a' bir n.m. nobles high-ups; big

guns adj. greatest aka' Mr -a asa'ghir

n.m. rich and poor ; great and small [A -sing.

A

a / ikad'M n.f. (rare) eleventh day of Hindu
ifjifi months [I]

6 ?

(Ji^\ akad'ml, akai'dimi n.f. academy
./E~Gj

tmSjffl aka lib' n.m. pl. lies ; untruths ; travesties
of truth [A~ ‘r'lysiNG.

taiyp \ aka rat adj. vain ; unavailing un-
profitable ineffectual ; fruitless use-

less worthless unserviceableiy^KfataVa/
ya'n3 v.i. be of no avail be in vain be
useless be profitless go fto) waste
come to naught

SjSIqI aka'sirah n m. chosroes (as title of ancient
/ | / *

- Persian kings) [A - sing. J ~ P ) s* r \

(f'viika'St aoj. & n.m. eighty-on? 1

j ikasivaii adj. eighty-first
jjpi^kal' n.m, (dial.) timeless ; eternal (as God’s
attribute) J/lakali n.m. (member of) a reli-
gious order of Sikhs [S]

flikati've, ^.jlfiikyan've adj. & n.m.
ninety-one J \>j/ifxkari vtvaii adj. ninety
first "

t^Jvlika'oan.f-tikfiikya'oan adj. & n.m. fitfy-
P one (Jljjtf I ika'vanuan adj. fifty-first

ika"Mt n.m. account SAtln iks" Tifttant
n.m. accountant ( )yTjZjt%V\ika" uiitant -
jariral n.m. Accountant-General ; A.G.^-^Vi
ika'jlfitafisi N F. accountancy [E]

/J q! ika"i N. f. unit digit one any
j digit from zero to nine unity [ -
Jiak'bar adj. greatest greater n.m. (pl.

J.tfiaka'bir) appellation of the Great
Mogul a male Muslim name J^ak'ban n.f
female Muslim name (old use) guinea
adj of Emperor Akbar ak'bari nau-ra -

tan N.M. nine gems (i.s. , nine famous courtiers)
of Akbar ,

u 'kaJ' n.f. strange thing &(f<2hn'kcU kt
Una v.r. say strange things .

iktil' Its adj. & n.m. forty-one
**/ ikta'lisoafi forty-first
ifcfliikta’na v.i. be bored be disgusted
be tired of ; be weary . be browned
off JUrjTl akta 'hat n.f. boredom disgust
iktisab' n.m. gaining (skill) with
effort attainment earning I
iktisa'bi adj. gained with effort result of
effort not inherent lacking natural flow

{A-*/}

iktishaf' n.m. discovery unearth-
>ne (A~ cAS)

i£f^iktifa'x.r. content sufficiency lyhAt
iktifa kar'na v.t. be content (with) [A-

j/yJIaktoo'bar n.m. October [E]

. r*^ikat'tis (rare iktis’) adj. & n.m. (thirty-
one (jjfA^ikattis'vait adj. thirty-fii
uk'ta adj. (F.Jnuk'ti) mean fellow

U'katna v.t. & I. revile worn out
. (secret, etc. from someone) , dig up
1%/iikat'ika, ikkat^a adj (f. ikat'thitf *\

ikhat'tt) tied up united A cirtkpted
iJiarl ikat'ta kar'na v.t. gather ika?pu[
y ikhatte adv. together in bulk
yjfak'sar adj. most much ; very many
frequent adv. frequently ; usually ;
often mostly ; generally chiefly

ak'sar auqat' adv. mostly often ord'-

narily usua 1 1 y aksariy'yat n.f. majority

[Ar of^SUP.]

ifiak’ra n.m. vetch growing under sprint

crop uncleaned crop

n / 1 ikram n.m. veneration deference
, respect ; esteem honouring [A~ fj ]

fj/iikrah' n.m. duress dislike; disgus;

. abhorrence [A ~ kSf!/]

//( ak'ram adj. most munificent mo.

' , gracious ; most benevolent [A~ sup

yia'kar n.f. pride vanity ; conceit ; haughti-
ness stiffness ; rigidity ; firmness jiyl

a'kar-baz n.m. proud ; haughty ; vain
affected person fop (/j^a'kar-ba’H, oi‘/<
a'karfooii n.f. pride vanity affecta-
tions i^fa'karna v.i. give oneself airs be
proud look defiantly at be ready to pick
a qmirrel stiffen be cramped '

Hk'rooh adj. squatting ; on the hams Jtf)
[^.uk'roofi baiih,'na v.i. squat ; sit on
the herns'*

l*l^Jlukszt'na v.t. excite, incite; insti-
gate provoke ; fan a flame urge
encourage lift ; stir up (flame, wick, etc.

uksa'hat n.f. instigation induce-

ment,

ikta ’iz n m. excise (E]

ik' sath adj. & n.m. sixty-one
sathvah adj. sixty-first

U—

6 a

ukas’na v.i. raise oneself be stirred

> wriggle out come out

/AiiV n.f. elixir sovereign remedy ,
penacea alchemy iks\r'-ga ' n.m. al-
chemist [A]

lift ik/a' n.m. a kind of false rhyme its use

lib

iakal kkirs adj. selfish jealous
» unsociable unmannerly

ak'l-0‘sh~trb' n.m. eating and drink-
ing victual [A]

vjrliklau'ta adj. (f. Jjrtiklau’li) the only
jj (child) sole ; solitary
(J?fi iktil' n.m. crown [A]

/Tiak’ma 1 adj. perfect supreme [A~

yJ'/sUP.]

tOU lakrtaf n.m. borders environs [A-

m ssino.

^jJ\ak'nooh adv. (lit.) now ; at present ;
j presently [P]

t j\ ikau’na adj. unmixed ; picked (grain)
Ijfafl4kfa'ra n.m. arena ; lists court Ky>!
I,V» ik'dar ka akhz ia n.m. Indra’s court,
place with a bevy of beauties
ek%a're mrh n'tarna v.i. enter the lists
I’j&l ukhar'na v.t. uproot pull out

> dislocate demolish destroy ; ruin
jijflukkar' n.f. . uprooting ruinous trick

tL/jUiukiar pi Mar N.F. uprooting
bungling pell-mell s

Z/likhat’lar adj. & n.m. seventy-one J 1 /" 1
ikhal'tarvafi adj. seventy-first
\J\ ihaih'ra adj. (f. <///' ikaih'ri ) single-

folded one-sided lean gaunt

ikhattS adj. (same as A)

[yffdMuirna v.t. (of something) offend

^/.ok'kkar adj. uncouth ; uncivilised ; un-
mannerly rough ; rude boorish
obstinate quarrelsome recalcitrant n.m.
i. lout; boor churlish person ak'kbar*

pan n.m. obstinacy rudeness ; roughness ;
churlishness

u'kharna v.i. be uprooted be dis-
’ placed be tom asunder be pulled
out go off the track I'ljyiiukharva'nB v.t.

cause to uproot have milled out
A^lvkk'li n.f. (same as n.f. if)

pre-

akhand' adj. (rare) undivided
> partition [S]

akkh-o mak'kho n.f. (Nurs.) formula
recited by woman while stroking infant’s
face while it stares at lamp hoax
(f'i/i iky a si, adj. & n.m. (same as (/bilks' si,

ADJ. & N.M. *}

4^.4 1 / I ikyan've adj. & n.m. (same as^(f/ A Di.

♦* 0 .v J

y & n.m. +)

tfjyiikja'van adj. & n.m. (same as yjtfiks'uan
j adj. & n.m. it)

jJlakid' adj. sure (reminder, etc.) [Al

** s

ik'kis adj. & n.m. twenty-one U
j ik'kis van adj. twenty-first
tyj\ake’la adj. (f . /flake’ li- lonely ; solitary
alone ; single peerless; unique f~

— 1'3

/*tft a 8 s ' r* n.f. forelegs - ropes with which

horse’s forelegs arc tied front fore-
part adv.^ forward ahead ; further on
in [ront£$ (fjl/tfjlrfaga'ri picjjjka'ri lags' nd v. r
tie together fore and hind legs of a horse
aga'n mar'na v.t. attack in the front
attack the vanguard defeat enemy force*
[frugal' n.m. spittle, something spit
V * 'out after chewing^ tfugal’dari n.m. spit-
toonO\ftrigalnZ v.t. spit out
^Vga'na v.t. grow (crop) ; raise [ -

[yi/iugah 'nm realize (debt) collect

gather (//iuga hi n.f. realisation (of
debt) by instalments collection (of rent,
etc.) proceeds receipts
yia'gar n.m. aloe j I jJ^a' gar-dan n.m. censer

//(/(ifsfiagar {ki) bal'd N.F.^aloe stick
^jfa'gar conj. if ; in case qfl a!gar-c/eh conj.

although ; though ; even if ; even though ;
y^Jia'gar ma'gar n.f. hesitation excuses

i Island buts [P] ^

yp >/) a'gar-ba'gar, ^y/\ag'ram bag' ram n.f.

mess ; disorder ; pell-mell non-
sense trash odds and ends

a' gar dkal'ta adj. tall very large;

heftv

spew . spue
OlC. ADS.)

o***i)y*jff

® gar dhrnfi dkauit' ^ j . plump ;
fleshy ; corpulent
£ Ziftagast' n.m. August [F]

(flag' la adj. agli) next past pre-

vious ; former future first.; foremost
fulfil ag'la ja'nam n.m. (rare) former; exis-
tence future existence ag'la

pifhk'la adj. (f. (fciftag'ti ptfhh'li) whole;
the whole lot past and present

bjf\ U'galna v.T. spit out vomit , spew ;
^,spue disclose (secret, money, etc.)
a'gan pref. fire JL/Jtfta'gan-bo} n.m. steamer

(fJffig'na'V.i. grow rjse sprout; spring

up gemmate .

tt /f agau'ln, sfgau'la, tijfiakhau'la n.m. top-
, s, shoot of sugar-cane
LjU^I ugjurr'na v.t. undress expose

reveal betray (someone’s secret) falfi
ggfca'ra ADJ. apparent bare undress-

„ fla'gkan N.M. eighth month of Hindu
calendar corresponding to November-
Decembcr [S]

(Jfal pref. (lit.) tJxedWal-aman' int. God
preserve us ; God help us dear ; dear
dear^jM-aa' adv. (lit.) now ; at present ;
prcsently5-(/ni/-Aaj' n.m. one who has per-

formed the Haj ; pilgrim i/V tal-fa'sU adv. in
short ; briefly ph. foe long and short of it is
al-lfal adv. (lit.) now; at present

at this moment ; just now jjS\al~jfazar' Int.
God forbid ; God preserve us j&lai-Aaflz'
int. Heaven defend us ; God preserve us
dear ; dear dear I al-amSn-o-al-hafiz'

int. God help us ‘tfial-liaq' adv. (lit.) really ;
indeed ; in truth al-ham d-o-lillah' int.

God be ptaised J\as*ala’m-o ‘ alai'kUm

ra. (salutation) < peace be on you ; safety
attend you good morning, (et r.Wld-‘riV

/• _l: \ i. .»

is great, all else comes to naught jp>lal-gharaz
adv. i in short ; briefly on the whole
al-^ajas ’ an. (lit.) help, help do me

Justice ; justice ri&ial-qu' sah adv. briefly ; in

short PH. to cut the long story short **^al'-qai
adj. stopped ; ended [t/tis^al'-qat kar'na N.M.
bring to an end al-mfun'‘af adj.
double . twofold (col. al-vida*')

n.m. farewell int. good-bye ; adieu farewell
L>/t/ IjJIal-vada *' kaih'na v.t. bid adieu (A)

,,i it'! a adv, or else ; otherwise if not

” except ; sa.ve>»!el5td(«T/a maph'allah’ ph.
save what God wills except as a remote
possibility rarely [A—ph if 1) not]

Iff ala' bala’ n.f. worthless and unwanted
stuff cheap snacks undesirable results
t^fffalap' n.f. (music) > modulation prc-
v lude to singing U'ilia/ap'/ta v.t, & i.
modulate ' sing as prelude
j\j I filar' adj. (of cart) heavily laden at the
back liable to be upset
\ ala' ram n.m. alarm [E]

elas'tik n.m. Sl adj. elastic (cord, etc.)

jjjlf I i7a”ijftl itM. cardamom
* ila' y du-da nah n.m. sugar-coated
cardamom Jb t&ljdana{-e-)ila'’idii n.f.
cardamom seed [P]

jiff ala”o N.M. bonfire v large fire

ila^fins n.m. allowance [E]

j ^/jfff filah'na n.m. (same axCflfiJak'na n.m. if)

(fltf I ulafig'rta v.t. jump over (something) ;

jump across ; move astride
t^Ul albab' n.m. wisdom; intelligence

* * hearts (A~sino.

X^lalbat'tah adv. of course surely, cer-

tainly positively ; decidedly [A]
jJ I alburz' n.m. name of a Persian mountain

j m

flail' bam n.m. album (A]

albe'la adj. (f. J^'albe’H) foppish
** cute playful ; wanton lively ; gay
care-free coquetish lovely n.m.
fop ; beau ; dandy ; coxcomb , belle cute
(girl) coquet I albe'la’pe* N.M.
beauty ; elegance ; loveliness playfulness .
gaiety ; frolic coquetry

70

tfi) t alpa'ka n.m. alpaka [E ~ Sp. ]

V

JVM ibas' N.M. confusion (of meaning)

vagueness similarity resem-
blance \A~i/U] .

••Jr** ilm'mish (corr. (jnal'tamosh) n.m.

L/ 1 advance-guard name of a king [T]
illija n.f. entreaty , supplication
* petition ; prayer ly if t illija kar'na v.i.
beg ; request ; beseech , entreat [A]

>•*,, m , M . taking upon oneself

being necessary making concomitant

iltifal' n.m. regard ; attention

courtesy . inclination friendship ;
amity respect consideration i'JS'&Ultifat

kar'na v.i. show regard (for) ; have respect
( for) JA]

(p| iUimai n.f. request; entreatv

prayer , petition supplication
illimss' kar'na v. request ; implore ; beseech
supplicate submit [A]

al'tamash n. m. (same as n.m. •*)

$

lal'lani n.f. rope round elephant’s neck
preluding stirrups for driver
i jJ\illiva n.m. postponement ; defering
. delay adjournment stay cessation
jabg' n.m. cease-fire ; truce ;
cessation of hostilities (A)

(tyl illiyam' n.m. healing (of wound) [A]

bJiUlat N.M. inversion^ reverse over-
turning ; upsetting adj. opposite
contrary reverse obvcsdiSJUifiVai par'na
v.i. change side or direction change side
to attack pa'lat ho ns v. be up-
side down be topsy-turvy be in a mess
ptur' n.m. deception ; trkkyry
embarrassment perplexity OflJbjj
u'lat ke kar'vut na lend v.T. forget altogether
pjiy no head drop from (one’s mindXta^'
UV U'lat ke kaih'na v.i say in reply
repeat

,K. ul'ta adj. * (f. i/lu'tt) inverted ,
topsy-turvy opposite perverse ^adv.
,n the contrary , on the other hand wbfijV
ul'td bksg'ua V.I. flee run away l£k U 1

ul'ta pitl'ta adj. confused jumbled
upside down inverted topsy-turvy.l /y-fftf'l
ul'ts pkir ana v.i. retrace one’s steps
turn back on IjVlul'ta la vs n.m. inverted hot
plate^: convex hot plate adj. (fig.) jet black
^f.Ui ul'ta javsb' n.m. impertinent reply
crooked reply retort rejoinder j J i'j/ j?(j

j zi/’trt chor kolval' ko dah'le prov. criminal
chiding the judge 1 ul'ta sa'vnajhna v.i
misunderstand ; misapprehend mis-

turii upside down ; over-

construc
.-Julia na V T.

lurn overset upset pervert ; thwart
reverse convert modify CLkl'U lulta'na
pulps' ns v.T. mix up shake up modi-
fy t$lu/ia'na (aMpii.) IpjJcJl u'lat de'na over-

turn : tilt upset turn over refute
cancel counteract turn over empty
overthrow

adj. (f. of D'adj. ir) n.f. vomit
ul'ii ii' ns V.I. vomit feci sick , feel
nausea l iil'ti pat' ti parka na v. r.

mislead poison the inind tfiai’s

lasbik' ph.er’nS v.i. invoke a curse by counting
one’s beads backwards ~ ul'ii nl‘ n.f.
strange way jd £'# J I ill it sa'majk n.f. perver-
sion erroneous view t ul'tj sidhi-

iltna'na v.i. insult abuse • scold
ul'ii kar'na v. vomit ; s'pe\HifSs»tf i iul'ftJ(kop'ii
ph. crooked mind stupidity iil'ti

haoa' n.f. contrary wind (fig.) strange
trends V/jJ jj 1 Jill ul'te pa 'oh pkir’na v.i. re-
trace one’s steps go back immediately
^^lal'-ti metam n.m. ultimatum [E]

\^J\ aljab'rs n.m. algebra [E~A

a J V'lajhna v.T. quarrel ; be involved (in
C&J quarrel or difficulty) ; fall foul (of)
prevent *. hinder . be entangled be confus-
ed feel uneasy Ufji itlajk'ns v.i, feel un-
easy ; be disturbed V&. I Uljks'na V.T . ravel
entangle , complicate involve ; embroil
entwine entrap ; ensnare confuse mis-
lead ; deceive embarrass confuse Lf'
■nl'jka n.m. tangle rb^b/iii/’jAa par jd na v.i
(of thread) be tangled I'jka ihjkira ns

v.i disentangle ^^! iiljha "o, n.m. ^ liiljhan

n.f. complex entanglement ; intricacy

complication complexity ; confusion
derangement difficulty embarrassment
U'lajk par'na v.t. fall foul (of) Of Jl
U’lajk.jU’nB v.l. be entangled be delay-
ed be detained uljtn'ra n.m. diffi-

culty ; quarrel ; broil entanglement ; intri-
cacy

UUt ilhah’ n.m. beseeching [A]

i U'i Mad' n.m. atheism ; disbelief heresy

~U [i]

i}\fl UhSq' n.m. annexation joining to-
gether contiguity (Aj
£ IJ I Man N.tf. modulation; recitation
. dJfari n.m. (pl. of [A - ^ ]
rjilakh' adv. to the end of it ‘et cetera’
[A - I ABB. )

n.m. accusation ; charge alle-
gation imputation blame
tlzSm lags.' na v.t. accuse ; charge blame

(Al.

JZ/^lala'st ph. aint I n.m. (day of) creation
[A~ + ui! ]

/ JL-' | al'sinah n.f. languages tongues
\ al' sina-e-sharqiy'yah n.f. a

pl. Oriental languages [A ~ sing. d

^ taCsl n.f. linseed

alset n.f. obstruction
fraud ; deception difference ; quarrel

procrastination dilly-dallying
alse'tiyS n.m. deceiver
quarrelsome person
AJ. H'liish n.m-' leavings (of food,

(✓ dish, etc.) kar'ns

V.l. eat a little from) [T]

(jf/tfalgha 'rail adv. & adj. very much (~TJ

alghho'zah n.m. flageolet ; oboe

£)\}l}laUaf' N.M. PL. (A- SINC.

lai’lah n.f. the Arabian Nights (A
** | &i\alj thousand JJ lai'lah night)

Ctba'lif adj. n.m. name of first letters of
Vtthi alphabet adj. one alone

straight stark ^Cdla'lif be' n.f. alpha-

bet abc ; rudiments VjgCttt a' lif ho'na v.l.

(of horse) rear be naked [AJ
Jl$talfaz' N.m. pl. words terms [A ~SING.

n.m. attachment ; affection
friendship ; intimacy \o\’C. Ugi/d&luPJat
ka bafi'dah n.m. sincere and loving friend
one held in thrall by love \!/&&\v.Vfat kar’na
v.t. make love (to) be intimate (with)

[A] .

^ifiihlaftah, X^lal'-ftah n.m. outsider, alien [~

. , P]

/ ylalft n.f. long sleaveless shirt open at sides

IfijMIqct' n.m. inspiration . revelation [AJ
»»

alqnb' n.m. honorific form of address in
letters n.m. pl. (pod.) epithets
alqsb-o adab' n.m. pl. forms of address [A ~
SINO.,J!itJ

jOi al'kali n.f. alkali [E~ A]

tdfialag adj. separate alone a lout
, distincj apart detached ; loose
asunder alag' adv. separate-

ly severally individually one by one :
apart th'ilag’ adj. solitary

alone^ apart ; unconnected disjointed
Cpisvlalag' raih'na v. live alone ^ live
apart refrain from , shun li/i. ^vialag'
kar'na v.t. separate set apart part
divide remove unravel dispose of
disixiiss ; discharge , sack
• jfi.al'gani n f. washline ; clothes-
'Hne; line

adv. at random ’

alaljkap ' adj. fickle unreli- 0^

able slovenly

JJJl il'lallatf no fl'tsllazi
m n.m. vacillating undecided
J~ A^/corr.)

L al'lah, atlgh’ n.m. A) ( lah,; Gody/jptailah-o
^'ak'bar God is great ^XHal'la alt ah 1NT-
my goodness _ goyd God ; good gracious
wonderful al’la al'la khair' sal' IS PH.

thank God it is all over that wqs the

end to

k. cjod

Wltfl al'la al'lsh km ke adv

fXlinam' n.m, pl. leade- chief large

bead in rosary oil imam' ba'rah n.m.
Muharram functions’ sanctuary imam'

tn'min n.m. guardian saint Imam Kazim
imam za'min ka rvpa'yah n.m. rupee
tied to arm as offerty to guardian-saint
i mg' mat n.f. leadership _ guidance

imamiy'ydk Am. Shiites adj Shi’ite [A]
[jLlam'm a* n.f. mother ? mummy [doublet of

- ' on

(Jlfa'mM (nntjilam'mah) int. hallo [

.00}

^Waman' n.f. ■' protection ; quarter safety
security immunity mercy ; grace
t A ~ j/l]

JZs'ilama'nat n.f. entrusted thing or per-

son ; trust , charge deposit security
integrity trustworthiness jljCs’hama'nat-
dsr n.m. trustee guardian adj. honest
faithfuUfjj&liiama’nat-dart ti.r. integrity
trustworthiness fidelity VtjdJ'Uama'nat

rakk'na v.t. entrust deposit(6/$£j(j tyCsU

oma'nat meh khiy a'nat [kar'na) n.f. & v.iT (be
guilty of th*) breach of trust ^ ’ amz'ti aoj.
official work done other than through contract

w

/ /*L< ama'oas n.f. (rare) lunar month’s last
u night [S]

m *\ ant'bar n.m. (dial.)

clouds

passage of time (A ~ <«^>]

imtiznj' n.m. mixture mingling ,
commingling £/\y^l<)y£kimya'l imtizaj’
n.m. chemical mixture [A ~ £/)>]
iPjimtila' n.m. sickness ; nausea [A]

imtina" n.m. prohibition restraint
Li ^ stay ; injunftion (fC*limtina'‘i adj. pro-
hibitive (f&jj'kukm-e imtina'‘i injunction
stay order ( A ~ q ]

sheet ; covering [S]

[yjambiya n.f. small unripe mango e /Sk

** * [ -fT DIM -] i

fy[s\ampa"ar n.m. umpire [E] Jsl j

l ~j/a'mat,'(a'mat N.F. slave-girl (of) -V ||| (||f

nr [A] 11111,11

MSrfnm'mat- n.f. (pl. urnam') disciples;

followers ; adherents nation brethren
ifi faith [A]

IjT+imiisaV n.m. obedience ; compliance ;

execution /\f)&\imtisa'l-e qm'r n.m. com-
pliance with orders ; carrying out of Orders [A]
q) imtekan' n.m. examination ; test

experiment trial Cttf&\imUhari de'na
v.i. sit for an examination ; take the test
i/^iimtehan pas kar'na v.i. pass the examina-
tion (tsC)i%fc>OliniUAan Una (or kar'na) test;
examine try experiment [A~«o^j
ylj^iimtidad' n.m. prolongation passage
(of time) ZiJjl&iimtidad-e zamanah n.m.

imtinan n.m. gratitude [A~

/Pjum'mati n.m. follower of a faith Mus-
lim (A~>— ^1]

j imtiyaz' n.m. discrimination distinc-
** tion jtyy&nishan-e imtiyaz' n.m. order of
distinction' * imtiyaz' kar'na v.t. dis-
tinguish discriminate I imtiyaz' *019

kar'na v.t. decorate t imtiya'zi Adj- dis-
tinctive distinguished special preferCn-
tial rmjiya'zi aura/’ n.m. pl. distinc-

tive features tfjPifjlXlimliya'&ftiqooq' n.m. pl.
preferential rights ; privileges concessions
^Sj^imtiya' a sulook' n.m. preferential treat-
ment [A+]

adj. indelible [~neo. i + *2*“]

(J fyamsai' n.m. pl. proverbs maxims

sayings ; adages r nbles examples
^am'silah n.f. pl. examples ; instances [A ~
SING. (J l>]

l(f/*lam' Ja ns v.i. be exhausted be

' ' benumbed

[am'jad n.m. most glorious (A ~ sup.]

*

am.-fk.oor n.m. sun dried .mango parings
^used as seasoning) powder of these
i* l + powder]

yfjkl imdad' n.f. aid ; subsidy relief
support succour help ; assistance
(f/ljUl imda'd-e ba'-hami n.f. co-operation
imdad' kar'na V. ) help assist suCcur
subsidy give relief jloltflma’li imdad 1 n.f.

financial aid grant-in-aid aid rl*l
imda'di adj. reserve subsidiary co-
operative [A - j* J
$lSma4'na v.t..(same as£j>/v.i. if)

Marti r n.m. order ; command ; <

S | matter affair business ^

. 4 .

j/‘

imperative mood / fy tanqik' ta'lab am'r
n.m. point for determination ; issue ; point at
issue y't/lam'T-Q nak'y n.m. command(s)
and prohibition(s) (gram.) imperative and
prohibitive tenses [A]
jijsmar' adj. (rare) immortal ft/ 1 (

' amar' btl n.f. aircrecper ; dodder
{ ~ NEC. I + ]

\jtltimaTa N.M. pl. the rich;

affluent people lords ; nobles
grandees [A — sing^I]

( amraz' n.m. pl. diseases ; ailments ma-
ladies [A — SING. j>/\

n.m. ('rare) water of life ; nectar

- [S]

6/ i am'ritl n.f. a kind of sweetmeat

am' rad n.m. (pl. } /murd) beardless lad
Ganymede minion ; catamitc«>^v'i
and rad parast’ n.m. sodomite ; homosexual ;
paederast ftA^t/^arn'rad paras'lt n.f. sodomy ;
homosexuality ; paederasty [A]
fjy*\am'-ras n.m. thickened mango juice {~ f" 1

+ c/A 3

jjfjamrood' n.m. guava 1?]

jjfl im-roz' adv. today the
times \>/ ) z~» jar' da

n.m. the times prevarication ,)>/*

imro'z-a far' da kar'nA v.t.
prevaricate [P]
ill/* I amriy’yah n.f. (sing, declined as pl.)
mango grove

/ i r y*\ am'zijah n.m. pl. temperaments ; dis-
position (bodily) humours their
combinations [A -SING.

c * It mas n.f. sultriness ; stuffiness ; closeness
(of weather)

..imsak' n.m. (sexual) retention
parsimony ; miserliness ftjiJiS\imsak'-t
ba'rah n.m. drought [A]

M amsar’ n.m. pl. cities ; town garri-
son towns ; cantonments (A~sinc. /*]
\p/j am'a' n.f. pl. bowels get [A]

, . im l an' n.m. depth of vision

w I im'a'n-e na'zar se dtkk'na v.t look (into
something) carefully (A]

am'kit dh/im'ka,

Dick and Harry nobody

Tom,

S imkari u.vi. possibility potentiality
(✓*'7 contingent existence (Jfrhmks'ni adj.

possible potential contingent [A]
l ^ftla'mal n.m. [pi., ft \amul') Hope ex-
Y pectation desire ; wish [A]

If I a'mal n.m. intoxication addiction to
drugs law'/r n.m. d^ug-addict
U'l imla’ n.m. dictation orthography
taking dictation ftjfr limin'- naois n.m. one
whp takes dictation (A]
jpl amlak’ n.f. property possessions
estate amla'k-e ghair' manqon

Ink n.f. immovable property ; real estate
Jjp* amla'k-t manqoo'lah n.f. movable property
v*V. a'maltns n.m. tubular plant
U used as purgative ; ‘cassia
fistula’

Jr I amal'gham n.m. amalgam
I amalgamation [~E]

/t I im'll n.f. tamarind

■jvt

ft I umam' n.f. pl. nations races
* followers of various faiths as distinct groups
[A -SING.ri*')]

• am'n n.m. peace tranquillity
O'' security ; safety ft am'n chain n.m.
peace tranquillity comfortyjlbj/’f am'n-o
amsri n.m. peace order [A]

•> umafid'ns , ^Atu'madna v.t. gush forth
P-Aej swell (of tears) fall (of clouds)
overcast

% itmafig n.f. longing yearning
^“''*'7 passion ambition

am'ua n.m. (dial, or endearingly) mange

i~C\

„ , • amvat n.f. pl. deaths

A

persons dead
billows ,

sing. &/}

. - amva

C/'-'l surges [A ~ SING. &A
. amval' n.m. pl. goods ; chattels
(J* property (A -SING.

umoor' n.m. PL. matters affairs
j/\ things business actions orders ;
commands Jlyjj'tumoo'r-e havalah n.m. terms
of reference ft j/iumao' r-c miil'ki n.m. political
affairs ; affairs of the State [A ~ SING, />]

75

jO

g/lytlummahat' n.f. pl. mothers (jt “S&lst
ummaha' t-ul-morm'nn' n.f. pl. wives of
the Holy Prophet (as mothers of the faithful)
(S'&Ul ummaha' t-e sif'li n.f. pl. the four ele-
ments (/’.A^f/luTwnaAa'I-e * tf/'tf n.f. pl. spirits
iOuls [A~SING.f'/«Wl]

fj'\amrni n.f. mummy ; mom <^Udim.]

{JlUm'mi adj. illiterate unlettered [A -
(\ fun]

^ ^fa'nS ja'trH se adj. (W. dial.) safely

(col. Qmed') ,n.f. hope ; cxpecta-
“ tion trust anticipation pregnancy
Cj/ASiummid' rakk'nd v.i. hope expect
anticipate trust Ummid' se ho' MX

v.i. be pregnant ; be in the family way
ummid'-vsr n.m. candidate adj. hopeful
expectant ^jljjt^tumijfid'-vUr ho'rta v.i. be
a candidate ; be an applicant (for a post)
hope expect^'v/^(«»wr?t(/'-raVi n.f. can-
didature hopefulness ; expectation ; depen-
dence ; apprenticeship ; candidature [P]
yf\atrliT' n.m. (pl.I^I umara) rich person
ruler governor prince commander
\j i) ami'r-ul-umara’ n.m. doyen of the
nobles Prime Minister /£( ami r-Xil-baK t
n.m. admiral t^j/Sjanilr'-za'dah n.m. prince
son of wealthy man ; scion of wcaldty
family and! r-ud-momirHn n.m. Com-

mander of the Faithful (as title oi caliph) jsj . W
amir a nah adj. princely ; lordly of the
rich (felamS'r'i n.f. wealth ; riches afflu-
ence ; opulence [A]

fairnn ' adj. trustworthy faithful n.m.

trustee guardian minor (revenue
or attachment) official custodian ffiamini
custody guardianship [A 1 )
i \an pref. (used for negation) un- ; in- ; non-
tfiJtari-ban n.f. discord j disagreement^^!
anfparh! adj. illiterate unlettered, un-
educated $c)l an-d/kha, adl ( F - an-

dekhi) unique unseen **&(p'an-lkak' adj.
untiring diligent£)l/W-j3/i' adj. ignorant
unacquainted stranger C*ij\f[an-jan’
han'na v. feign ignorance ; be ignorant f k—f)

» an-ja'ihi, adj . (f j If (ill an-jam), unknown
unacquainted unique Ci/tflan-gin't, an-

'gt'nal (co\. n/ {J\nn-giri ) adj. countless ; innu

morable S' an-mif adj. ill-assorted jj'an-mol'
adj. precious priceless ; invaluable
in pro.n. these (polite PL. for single
^ person) he, she (j )>ij' in di'nofi adv. these
days ; now-a-days ; at present
^JlUn rron those (polite pl. for single
person) he ; stie (jj >(J\un di’nofi adv. then ;
in those, days ; at that time
0 a'na n.f. ego self pron. (ped,)

ana parasl' adj. selfish egotistical n.m.
ego i st ana my 'ya t n.f. -A (A)

fan'na n.f. wet-nurse

*

[JV L* ( inabat n.f. repentance ; penitence

inabat ilallah' ph. return to God
through penitence [A]

’ianabib' n.f. pl. tubes ; ducts ; canals
*** (fsfl&.L'ianabi'b-e sha‘'ri n.f. capil-
lary tubes tiny ducts uniting veins and arteries
[A~$ING.i^f]

^/[fsLsOanap' shanap' adj. nonsense ; silly
*t ** (^slisLsl'lanap' shanap bak'nn V.I. talk
nonsense

SS\inas’ n.f. pl. women female [A~
sing. ^ I ]

gyl J anaj' n.m. grain ; cereals

I anajil' n.f. pl. the, New Testament ;
** gospel [A ~ sing. H]

jilansr' n.m. pomegranate a
kind of fireworks S>\ jjL'nnar'-
da'nah n.m. dried pomegranate-
seeds ifjil anar' katt N.F. pome
granate blossom m y

C 1*1 anar' /ft n.f anarchy
O'"’ andr'-kist n.m. anarchist [Ej

t> » ana ft adj. unskilled unskilful ;
0 >** inapt inexperienced green art-

novice

block-

tyro

hur\g\zrrf(jA‘\ana'ri-pan n.m.
clumsiness lack of skill

less ; clumsy n.m.
head sloven
slovenliness

tin a si adj. & n.m. seventy-nine
Una'sivan adj. seventy-ninth
^i\anam' n.m. mankind creatures [A]

I ana' mil n.f. pl.

|A~sinc. S' )

lingers finger tips

76

fa*

^Jt^ananHy yat n.f. egotism conceit
** self-praise egoism [A - L'i ]

jLA am ^ ar ' N M - hfap ; pile collection

• 'stack r store k^jWambar' lag'na v.i. be
piled^upU^U/amiar laga'na v.t. pile up [P]
^(^>1 imbisst' n.m. cheerfulness merri-

. , ment ; mirth joy ; delight [A ~ b~l]

gj^^amboh’ n.m. crowd ; throng mob
"multitude concourse abundance ,

great quality [P]

Jfam' boh n.m. (ped.) mango [P]

L tfiambiya n.m. pl. Prophets [A ~ sing. It)

(dial.) n.m. end adv. in the end [S]

f unta'lis adj. & n.m. thirty-nine^fW
. unis' lisvah adj. thirty-ninth

ff\J‘i%ntibah f n.m. warning caution [A]

#

intikhab' n.m. selection choice

extract ; excerpt l intikhab' kar'na

v.t. elect select ; choose extract
pick up compile edit [A]

intidub' n.m. mandate Jj^i inlie/a' bt adj.
mandatory [A]

y/fah'tar (dial) n.m. distance dissimilari-

ty adj. different

L^lon’lora n.m. second line onward of song
.pjaiit'ri n.f. intestines w entrails ; bowels
if/] Ojfyytff'taht'ri ks bal' khsjl'na v. eat

to the fill afit' riy an
&Jaht'riyon ka qul huval'lah park' na I

1$ ahl'riyofi men ag' lag'na v.i. be very hungry
l-^IDIM.]

i_y| *>*( intisab' n.m. delication connection

jlS^lintishar n.m. confusion ; anxiety
— broadcasting erection [A ~ }

jl^ltnlizar’ n.m. waiting anxiously (for)

expectation intizar' dekk'nd

v.i. be on the look out (for) b’/jtiPiintizar' kar'ra
v.t. await ; wait (for), expect to look
out for anticipate /^jli/’i intizar’ kash' adj.

awaiting ; waiting looking out (for)
expecting anticipating j Wflz/jzaih'mat-
kask-cjntizsr' adj. awaiting anxiously fjrS/j
I’jfjHi'izoiPmat-kqsh-e intizar' ho' ns v.i. await
anxiously [A

inti zam' n.m. arrangement manage-

I * ment administration regulation ;

order organization method

intizam-e kha'nagi (or col, -ngi) n.m. domes-
tic management private arrangementC^^'i
intizam' rakk'na v.i. maintain order and
discipline manage (£/VU Plintizam’ kar'na
v.i. manage arrange regulate

intizamt adj. administrative^!^ inli-jamiyyaA
N.F. executive administration {A~
e, (-♦. inttfa‘‘ n.m. derivation of benefit pro-
C/ 'filing (by) [A- ]

| T»j mliqal' n.m. death transfer alie-
U nation transmission conduction
travelling ; departure migration move-
ment transportation conveyance (11)

(also tf/A()5/)intiqai pazi'n n.f.) mobility
iniiqat'-e ara\zi n.m. transfer of
land ; alienation intiqa'l-e^ ja'edad’

N.M. transfer of property ISA intiqal-e

haqqyyal n.m. transfer of rights (fljJ&t
intiqa’l-e da'irrg n.m. permanent alienation
inliqa'/-e reh'n n.m. transferor mort-
gage ii/ji&i inliqsi kar'na v.t. & t. die;
pas seaway transfer carry out the mutation

iJ/JljistintiqaV kinih'dah n.m. deceased

alienator ^IfJlS'lintiqal'na'mah n.m. deed of
transfer [A -t^]

/[fi/Untiqam n.m. revenge , ..vengeance
' reprisal retaliation Ojs&tintiqam le'na
v.t. avenge take revenge retaliate ;
hit back [A]

frfinteha' N.F. extreme utmost limit ;

extremity completion end ; close ;
finish ifC/iinteha ka adj. extreme ; utmost
perfect ; consummate [A ~*is£U'J
f&litn’tis (dial ; utmt'ds) adj. & n.m. twenty-
y** nine Jlj~tfin'hsvah adj. twenty-ninth
ah'ta n.m. large ball of opium _ billiard
ball large pill marble any ball-
like thingf^J^VMn'ta ghafil' ho' na v.i. hg
under effect of opium be unconscious / K
okia ^tar n.m. billiard room >

Jyt!\ in' tar viyoo n.m. interview t&fbjllQjs']
'* ^ ifitarviyoo kar’na (or le’na ) v.t. interview
(E)

. V/J, *, Oht' saiit adj. irrelevant adv. at
random

V afiti at'ti n.f. thread reel wound
te ) round spindle ; spindle skein any small
bundle handful (in wrestling) a leg-trick

trip

eft'li de'nn (or lags 'nd) v.t. trip
(someone) up use the Leg-trick

rintarain's n.m. entrance ; matriculation
. examination (E]

ih'tarnaishnal adj international (E]

. ..

/plan's a n.f (pi ..^Al inns’) (lit.) woman
female [A]

£/\fflinjdh‘ n.m. fulfilment (A I

I at jam' n.m. result consequence

’ ' issue, accomplishnicnt end con-
clusion Ijr/jfflflaijdm'' ba-khair' ho' na v.t.
have a good ending Clflflafjam' pa nd v.i.
be brought to an end (or a close) be per-
formed isifl/'iaijam dt’nd V.t. accomplish;

complete bring to an end manage

comply with discharge larjam'

soch’nd v.t. have an eye on the end
provide against be prudent be far-sighted
j/flf'latjam-e kar’ adv. at last; in the

end ; at length * eventually ; ultimately (PJ
j^laHjabdr' n.m. (drug obtained from) a kind

* * of creepier [P]

| injizdb' n.m. absorption diffusion

& £ I ah' jar pan jar ,n.m. limbs joints

* skeleton I's; £Z-Jj£z'ati' jar pah' jar

dhi'ls ho'nd v.i. weakening of limbs (through
fatigue, etc.) .

7 I ah jam n.m. pi . stars [A~/]

r> '

injimad’ n.m. freezing congealing ;
*, curdling, condensation [A~ ]

rfflan'juman n.f. association society

union meeting assembly Oh’&SicK 1
anjiiman-e illehnd-e muzdoorari ,
mazdoor' an'juman n.f. labour union ; workers’
union (/'ibj^lJ^.jt^ianjuman-ha ’-r imdad-e ba-
haml n.f. pl. co-operative societies -

an'jan n.m. antimony sCgj|

*y collyriunt

uf, f.ih'jan.n.i*. engine loco- mra^"*-’ *-
,, motive any motive force (E]

/ZS if) jit' n.m. fig [P]

AfliUjil' s.r. f i\LdJ^i'lanajil') New
^Testament, Gospel [A ~ HJ , •
s\f mji'tuyar n.m. engineer (jj/Ttv 1 SL.

Si.) inji'nari n.f. engineering [E]

q } (trade spelling S' I ) in(h N.M.inch[E]

* *

ji y itnehas' [di3i\ SStananchasj adj. &. n.m
L/ ' for ty-ninc^ji^'^/M/icAai' waft adj. forty-
ninth .

iS/'JjL-latifht efi'che raik'na v.i. keep the dis-
' v * tancc

• tSinhiraf n.m. deflection deviation

*— *^/*' refraction declination turn-
ing away (from) swerving repudiation

evasion inhirftj’ kar'nd v.i. deviate

deflect decline turn against repu-
diate recant rebel disobey evade

I inhisdr' n.m. reliance; dependence

», encirclement [A ~

1 in/iitat’ n.m. decline degradation

„ detrioration fall [A]

iljgjlan'da'/ri N.m. sustaincr master

*1 *

Jlklahdaz' n.m. . blandishment way ;

manner ; method style measure suf.
throwing firing ; shooting arranging

IP],

pjlj/i ahda'zah n.m. estimate guess

measurement weight evaluation

conjecture forecast jSb j rjlilaiids'zz-t

zilip'nat n.m. intelligence quotient ; 1. Q. fjf/i
aitda zd-ejzihn' nal kar'nd v.t. determine
the 1 .Q.. (of) U‘l and d'za-e fast n.m. crop

forecast Ljijtit ahda'zah kar'nd (or lags' nd)
v.i. make a rough estimate guess jon-
jeeture weigh measure evaluate iJfjCl

ahdd'zan adj. (col.) roughly approxi-

mately [P]

Shi,! afta’am' n.m. body figureJU^W

ends' m-t nehd'tf n.f. female private parts

l P]

JJt\ ah' dor prep. within inside adv. in-

ward JSi/Siah'daT-kh&'ne adv. covertly
ah'dar se adv. from within from inside

internally inwardly b'/jA andar kar'nd
V. (esp.) put behind the bars drive in
bring in l ~ P]

'dih'dar (pcd. ihd'ra) Indra ; Hindu god of rain
(counterpart of Greek Zeus) # * i/llfyji ih'dar ka
akkd'rd n.m. Indra’s court place with
bervy of beauties [SJ

79

• ansab' n.m. pl. genealogy genera-
tions families racesi—sU>l) l J* i ilm'-Ul-
ansab' n.m. branch of history dealing with
genealogies [A -sing.*-*"']

,, j .insan' (poet. alsojU'linraft') n.m. man
human being mankind ; humanity
insan' banana v.t. civilize educate
polish humanize £1<J insan hi to
hai' ph. but human ; man is fallible ; one is
liable to erc{)LJimf&n'nt adj. human
insaniyynC n.f. anthropology
n.f. humanity civility affability ; hu-
man kindness politeness human nature
mankind [A~i/' l f]

. ±J tarisnk adj. most suitable of very
*✓, noble descent [A ~

liispik'tar n.m. inspector d/fs*'
‘ mspik'tar jan'ral n.m. Inspector-General

adj. & n.m. fifty-ninet^!> /r T2n'ia/fe'-
oth adj. fifty-ninth

jjfatl insidad' n.m. end; termination

prevention , check bar ; hindrance ,

obstacle management arrangement
uistda'di adj preventive y £ , Jji‘(fjLjlinsida'd1
iadabir' n.m pl. preventive measures [A
wall]

( 2?linsha ' n.f. composition style dic-
tion writing jbylPl insha' pardaz' n.m.

writer master of prose beletrist
insha' -pardszs' nah adj. elegant (diction) adv.
(writing) eiegenliyl/As/^tinsha'-pardu'S n.f
writing composition authorship ele-
gance of composition letter-writing

belles-lettres J'&linsha’iy'yah n.m. essay
(also adj.) (sentence) expressing uncertainty,
order, wiyh, etc. [A]

in-sha’-allah {ta’ali) PH. .God
(Almighty) willing [A~g)/if4-

>^wished]

£^2^ 1 inshir ah' n.m. laying open making
clear manifestation lack of pre-
judice^u^j^linshira'h-e sad'r se PH. with
an open mind without prejudice (A ~
insho'rahs n.m. insurance [E]

jL^fhnsar' n.m. PL. Medinite compansions
(of the Holy Prophet) ; ‘Ansars’ hel-
pers ; friends (fjUilansS'ri adj. scion of

‘Ansar’; ‘Ansari’ weaver (A ~ sing. ^W i]
£y[^)\insaf' n.m. justice ; equity fair-
play impartiality division into
halves ; bisection tybctlefi insaf chah'na v.t.
seejc justice demand fairplay seek redress
VjCSi^t insa f'kar'ns v.t. do justice be
impartial LVtly insaf ka khoon' kar'na
v.t. be unjust be partial be prejudic-
ed tyrannize misrule [A ~ J^]

I insiram' n.m. management (of estate
* or business) administration ac-

complishment performance conclusion ;
completion [A]

^{JgHmzibaf n.m. discipline regulating

" restraint , self-control O&lpLdh

• ' *

inziba't-e auqui' n.m. schedule ; time-table [A ~

V]

fLbJi intiba° n.m. impression being

Z.' . printed [A~^t>]

L intibaq' n.m aptness (of example) [A -

‘U.m

f, *,,in‘am' n.m. prize reward favour
I ^ grant g'h i present gratuity
tip SlJlj/ e &iin‘ain~o-ikram' N.M. bestowal
largesse uj in' am de'na v.t. award a prize
reward ; give a reward tip
trism taqsim kar'na v. give away prized ; distri-
bute prizes tfijlin‘a'ml adj. prize ; presentable
pj(f$iin l a'ml raj'm n.f. honorarium
gratuity tn'a'wi baufid n.m.

national prizebond [A - £***]

1^1 an‘m' n.m. pl. cattle [A]

iijUPfin‘ita/' N.M. refraction [A ~ u^}

taking place

inversion

jif^HnHgad' n.m. , holding
celebration [A ~ Jr\

{J 3 in'ikas' n.m. reflection

being reflected [A - ^/ ]

s ' N.M. pl. breaths [A ~ sing.
na/as']

(4j)W\ infirZ'di adj. individual solitary;

lonely infira'di musha'hadah

n.m. individual observation case work
• * infirsdiy'yat n.f. individuality [A - j-* 1 ]
jTlan'fisu.fq.vL. souls people [A-

S1NG. t

infisal' n.m. separation decision
settlement infisa'l-t mUqad '-

80

JU*f

damah n.m. decision of case [A~cK]

JlM 1 tinfe'al' n.m. shame modesty

bashfulness contrition reactions
passivity a'raq-c info' at N.M, perspi-

ration caused by shame [A ~ rf** ]

infikztk' u.m.' redemption disloca-
tion tjlij&>\tnfika' k-e reh'n n.m. redemp-
tion of mortgage [A ~ i^,U]

in' floorin' za n.m. influenza [E]

» *♦ *

inqibziz n.m. , dullness ; heaviness
. ,. contraction detention ; restraint [A

I

n.m. distribution, , apportion-
ment ^ division partition [A]
Litrifinqizs' n.m. expiry (of term) lapse;

end (of period) termination comple-
tion^ , extinction [A ~ i&]
fc/ijph inqits'' n.m. separation disconti-
nuance ..being cut or broken
amputation [A ~ J

inqilsb' N.M. (pl. dZL&linqilabat')
revolution change ; alteration

vicissitudes (A ~ )

•T^.inqtyad' n.m. (lit.) submission obe-
dience subjection compliance (A~

•»*Z]

inkar' n.m. refusal ; declining denial; *
^ disvowal contradiction negation
i infer' kar'nd v.t. refuse ; decline
deny,; disown disallow [A~ J
j\Jy\ inkisar' n.m. (col. (fjLk't inkisa'ri n.f.)

humility meekness modesty [A ~

^ |* * inkisha l /' n.m. disclosure; revela-

, ' tion exposition discovery [A ~

1 in'kam n.f. income in'kam-taks n.m.

inepme-tax [E] ^

(J l^an afikk'riyat n.f. pl. eyes [~

V, used endearingly]
wV?aft£N.M. body limb organ
breasts style (in music) Uydt^Vlt^V}
afig' afig j&a'rakna v.t. - have youthful exu-
berance $kdlahg'lag'nc v.t. (of food) go to
strengthen the body

live coal embers ; adj.

fed hot b)s(jjj&‘iafiga'rofi par lofna v.t.

be on thorns be agitated burn with envy
or rage &J4~-j\£’langaTe barasna v i. be exces-
sively, hot

^y^iaiigbiii, angabiri n.m. (lit.) honey [P]

afig'rakka n.m. narrow-sleeved ‘achkan’
like coat with double fold on one
breast and single fold on the other
j>Jr\afgrez' n.m. Englishman Briton
- Anglicized person ^yAaiigrez' -paras l'
n.m. & adj. Anglophile (gne loving Eng-
lish way and manners Jr^yjlaftgrez' -paras' a
n.f. love for English ways and manners
abgn'zi n.f. English language adj. English

[ ^>^ nglaiSe)

yO^J^Iangar khan gar n.m. variety of old
stuff

I angra’i

MM

oscitation
yawn ;

••A

n.f. yawn
lahgra'l le'/ia v.t.
oscitam stretch the limbs
angusht’ n.f. finger
angush’t-e bai’rat dar jahan ph.
aghast , aga.pe&jl&zZS'iahgUsh’t.e jyj
shaha dat n.f. forefinger^ ^C^iafigUshta-
nah n.m. thimble (p^>’lafgiisji'tart n.f.

ri a& [ p ]

Jr I uti gal n.m. finger finger’s breadth

a (as measure) [doublet of fold.]
tune' li n.f. finger flung K dhar'nu,^)
&juhg It rakk'na v.t. criticize cavil
(at) , find fault (with) take into possession •
bring under control pick and choose
ufig'li na lagand v.t. nor to touch at ail
, show complete indifference \^^lf'‘iUhg'liyak
uik'na v.t. be ridiculed ; achieve notoriety
tU^jU^iufig'hyan chaxkh&'ni v.t. snap the
fingers, L'lf jU^'liifig'lijSfi najja'ttfj V.t. twid-

dle ; twirl fiddle with fingers
uhg'Uyoh par nafhd'na v.t. make a fool of
wheedle (someone) into following (one’s)
whims k,

Jt p\ ai, £ na l N F ‘ yard; court y ard t ~ (/'dim.]

j, ^ atigoo'tha n.m. thumb (also
U!r I pa’-h ka angoo'zka) great toe 0^1^)
aitgoaih-a ttoos'nd v.t. suck the thumb
ahgootkd ciioom’nd v.t. show great love for
I'Ujahgootha dikka'na v.t. refuse outright

A

Ji-V

wmmmmm

Jw

mock ; jeer irritate challenge use an
obscene symbol > , . .

</^| atgoe'tb J n.f. ring (f/l JJ'ilsshn'A W
^ x/, ahgoo'tkt n.f. wedding ring
(£jr| atgo'&ha n.m. towcl-cum-topless bath-
V ing sheet used by the poorer among
Hindus ; towel ; kerchief
jjtS afigoor' N.M. grapes granu-
lation (ofbealinjL wound)
scab (of sore) afigoo'ri sir'-

kah n.m. vinegar i\

sharab’ n.f. wine

L#*( afig'ya n . f. bodice bras-
** siers (The old style ahgya was
much different from the modern
brassiere. It looked like a full-
length half-sleeved bodice show in
the picture) [ ~*X'\]

atfi'thiM.v. stove grate j/JtomsrfF' .

brazier +#*!***

ahgekht’yN.f. instigation [P

A' ~ yXzh

ahgtz suf. exciting ; rous

ra ? nK causing ^ w ^
instigating tf-Jn aige’zi suf. exciting ; rousing
JRr prec.]

{.Ipltthgez'na v.i. bear ; endure ; brook
k/V'f anannas n.m. pineapple ; ananas IPer»v.)

brightness

N.M. PL. light
. lustre [A~ sing. /j\
fyjt afce" n.f. pl. species kinds ; sorts;

varieties ft?!j £ ( jianva' ‘-onqsam’ n.f. all
sorts ; various kinds ; large variety [A ~ sing.

i^yiamtop' adj. (dial.) peerless; incompar-
* able [SI
b *

tja/y I an' vat n.f. grace blandishment

belled ring for great toe
j Jl an' oar adj. splendid resplendent

J very brilliant [A~ /j]

Ujlf arto'kkn, adj. (f. Aj\am' khi) . curious

singular extraordinary ; rare un-
usual

«*$*•' * *■ pl. canals [A~*inc. y<]

( lor Adj. 8s. n.m. sixty-nine
m mhat'w-vsk adj. sixty-ninth
yjrfi ii&idanC n.m. demolition (A~ ft]

Vff I inhi&m' w.m. sustaining defeat [A ~ ft* j

'finhimak' N.M. absorption con-
„ centration [A]

0^y/ianho'riyah n.f. pl. prickly heat
jtftu' fduh paon. them

/? \ a'tt n.f. point (of spear) prow J 3*
W (of boat) Wfjia'ni ehal'na v.i. thurst *

(in fencing)

2J^hnnaya"e n.m. (dial.) injustice [S-neo.

**.l+i^] j

n.m. companion friend [A~u l

/ fin'Bfr W.M. & adj. nineteen {I’fJ/Vj
** un'nts tic" (kit far'q ha’ ni) PH. (be) slightly
different ; (be) almost equal J^uC^ vn m
na’hiii ph. (is) in no Way inferior
ho' na v.i, be inferior (to) knots' tafi adj.

nineteenth

(JjvJ'l anisoon ' n.m. (rare) anise aniseed
[A ~ G]

^\an'la adj. (F.jf'iam'tl) gull; dupe
ani'la-pan n.m. gullibility
y(o i nt.- O ; oh

evakhirN.it. end (as i»L.) final por-
## tions [A — sing. J'i]

av&'zah lava'zah n.m. taunt ; jeer
invends [~P#jblooRR.]
a(j | ava'mir n.m. pl. orders commands

' f matter affairs [A ~ sing. y*l]

Iff aua"il n.m. beginning ; commence-
ment (as pl.) early portions, etc. J'tjl
yfava"ii -t 'um'r n.f. childhood early

age [A~sing.Jji|]

l^\jlava”i n.f. (correct but rare spelling of
•. rumour [~ jlj l corr.]

eubash' n.m. vagabond dissolute;

* debauchee ; rake ; voluptuary ; liber-
tine ; profligate adj. licentious ; dissolute ;
profligate ^Ijtaubasha'nah • adj. rakish

depraved (fljiauba'shi n.f. dcbaucncry ;
dissipation ; dissoluteness; rakishness depra-
vity [A~ mean]

//*jM °P'tb N - M - * AD J- armed (person)
mail-clad (person)

Jjloo'par adv. up on ; at upon
V oyer above high aloft Cfjtfatpar
a '«a v.i. come up rise ascend ^»f^*i
to' par oo'par adv. over and above one’s head

secretly ; covertly £>Jitjjtoo'par os' pm u
adv. superficially just for a show )
m'p * if to'^ar ka adj. best cream of £rj*i

d\

82

ee'par la' It adv. one after another ; in suc-
cession ; continuously in a row I

oo'par la'leke bach' At n . m . children bom in
(quick) succession oo'par se adv. front
above overhead 'in addition (to) over
and tdOovc&Mifsjloo'pat kl am' d<u& n.m. bribe ;
unlawful gratification- OU^Jtoc'fiar oa’la n.m.

God (W. dial.) crescent OUbj/ji oo'par
m’liy a® n.f. pl. maids, maidservants
spirits ; residents of upper storey (W. dial.)
fairies (W. dial.) evil spirits oo'par
«s7rN.M. residents of upper storey officers
■tun ; heavenly bodies strangers ; other
persons servants J*\ (fyji oo'par M oo'par
adv. secretly ; covertly {ffyrl oo'par ka kam'
h m. odd jobs ; miscellaneous work ; general
duty|f//l oo'pri aoj. unknown superficial

specious n.m. stranger
Coioot issueless dunce- crack

oof na-poo'it ad/. & n.m. issueless (person)
autad' n.m. a category of saints comprising
only four at any time in the world [A]
jfyautar' (ped. avtar') n.m. (dial.) deity
incarnate (according to Hindus) [S]

^rjf ot s.r. shelter cover screen ; cur-
tain veil mask hiding ; conceal-
ment «’ kar'na v.i. hide ; conceal
cover screen shield ho’na v.i.

be .^onccaled ; be hidden be behind
cover J’j/owl' apj. lost to view behind

M*hg. adJ> nonsense
v absurd ; silly ridiculous

.•k ' ),

\Sjlefna v.t. gin (cotton) (fjrn'rt n.f. gin-
ning machine

gj faa; n.m. zenith acme apex
apogee summit top highest point

m ■■ ’ .

jfj) ojk n. v. guts ; tripor (f/fjtojk'ri n.f. tripe

[J£}\o'jka M>}- wizard \'$5t)lo' jha” n.f wizardy

if o'JkalKDj. hidden ; concealed in-
vincible but of sight lyffiio'jka! kar'na
v.t. 'screen conceal ; hide , I'j^J^lo'jkol

ht'na v.i. hide ; be concealed be screen-
ed become invisbk jisjfifjnahkk'

o'jkat pahar' o'jkal p*ov. out of sight out of
mind

ux o' Aha aoj. (f. (fijl o'Airt) mean;
contemptible ; low-bred fickle ; car-

v.t. 'screen
VflV.L 1

pricious petty ; trivial a... y grazing
light amiss cf ty o Alia-paa n.m. shal-

lowness meanness jbbfrlo’d Ika ear n.m.
attack going amiss grazing stroke kfrl
o' Aka hath! n.m. light grip gazing stroke

iVWM* ho'na v.i. be shallow be
mean becapricious

irrJ I o'Ahan po'Akan n.m. crumbs
* food left over

Jji oo'd‘bla”o n.m. otter

Ijjfoo’da adj. (f. tfjjloo'di) purir’^fe*
pie violet*%!r luda'hat n.f. ’
being of purple colour

oo'dham , ffjlUd'dham n.m. noise
f uproor ; tumult turmoil; perturba-

tion disturbance \?{/Jjjloa'dbam maAa'rta
n.m. make a noise kick up a row

create disturbance

jjfaur conj. and also adj. more
not this different else imXkjtSoar' yk

adj. another different one more
(Tur'iS'rto intj. just listen ridiculous
how strange 0 rlaar f kya adv. what else
indeed besides this }\/^jjlaar' mi' fan la
adv. why not? if not, then otherwise
tft/jlaur' hi quite different quite Chang-
ed ,//lor n.f. (dial.J side direction
climax (of) Jj$sjjlor na Afar fh. endless
jljjfaurad’ n.m. pl. daily round of prayer-
formula [A ~ sing. >/i\
ijjjji auraq' n.m. pl. leaves (of book)

■ leaves (of tree) [A~sinjj. tf/i)

Ljjlor’ma n.m. hemming hjlyjlor’ma kar'na
T. & i. hem

wvV/i wtshg' n.m. throne ouraig-

ztb' n.m. adorner of throne
this as appellation of av Mughal Emperor
(adorner of the throne) l&tfj^Qriavrakg-zt'bl
pko'ra n.m. carbuncle i aurah'g-e sha’hi

n.m. imperial throne (Pj
/ iAjloryab tal adj. oriental (E]

|J;jJo'ra n.m. dearth (of)

. k ork'na v.t. cover (body) with sheet
dress (oneself) in a sheet t'jflZufi
ork'na biAfau'na n.m. coverlet; severing

and bedding (fig^jole interest
or total possession N. f.

(usu. cotton) shawl
. . . aazar' n.m. instrument ;

implements apparatus

[A]

solitary

stole

topis

weapon

< Jljjl

83

ji)j!

auzafi' n.m. pl. weights measures
C'!#' (in versification metres [A ~ sing. &]
^jl o.f n.f. dew os’ par'nti v.t.

despair ; feel ' disappointed ; (of wet
blanket) be thrown over
l>)[sj\ausan' n.m. self-possession ; presence of
mind ; senses IjftkfyUslaustin' kha’tti
ho'na , lj*0l9l ausa.ri kho’ita v.i. lose one’s
senses ; lose presence of mind be stupefied ;
be stunned be non-plusscd
oustin' qti"im rakk'nti v.i. not to lose pre-
sence of mind not to be perturbed

au'sar auj. barren; unproductive
unproductive ; barren
h^jl au'sat adj. & n.m. (pLo ksljtavaril)

average mean mcdiuiri ; middling
middle au’sat am'dani-ipv. average

income oly' b/j I au’sat tankhpeh n.f. average
pay 0PJ*4I au'sat niktil'na v.t. strike an averge
J*ei dOy* shar’q-e au'sat (or usu.) though in-
correctly il^QA'niash'riq-e ous'ta ) n.m. Middle
East (A - bSj\

/j*| l&Al pushad-dtiA'Iiyah n.m. (dial.) dispen-
sary ; drug-shop (S]

tJjlsjlMsaf' n.m. pl. attributes charac-
teristics qualities ; properties
praises manners morals ; virtues

properties *j/ctlpjtaUsa'f-e hand' dah n.m. com-
mendable attributes ; noble qualities (A -
SINC.U^]

yejiausij a' N.^t. pl. (pcd.) (of will) executors;

# administrators {A- sing. (fj\
flfauza" n.m. pl. wuyujiJ'lf^iauia'-o
L/''alvtir' n.m. pl habits traits of

character [A~sjnc. £?>)

m if* , au ?3< n.m. pl. limes ; hours
‘-'WJ schedule n.f. status ; position ; stand-
off lS/f&&auq*l' ha'. sari n. F ; whiling
away one’s time means of livelihood
■ Kr&fiS/bflauqat' ba'-sori kar'na v.
subsist exist ; eke out one’s existence pass
one’s time Vjgzfilauqat' tal'kh horn v.i.
have a bad time lead a miserable life
lal'kfp-e auqtU' n.f. misery
bitterness of conditions l/^iioJ>j\auqat' «'V
kar'na y.T. waste time jSriiii^tapyi ' *-<•' auqat'
n. f. waste of time [A- smd.J^j]

• .os . au 1^f n.m. pl. endowments charit-
able endowments trusts properties
held in trust (also CsWjt nmh'kcma-r
auqif ) the Auqaf department (A - sing, jjj)

n.f. palm of hand contracted to hold
drinking water

i-jJ j’LrW ook'ehook' n.f. oversight error;
error and omission ; E. & O.

slift

pjlok’na v.i. feel sick vomit

j£ji ookk,jfnkk n.f. (dial, m.) thin
/sugarcane (as standing crop) .

(J*jl okk'li n.f. large wooden
s? mortar

fjjhg’ra adj. (of stew etc.) unseasoned with
/ butter oil, etc. „

o/jUu’gUn n.m. (dial.) bad quality [S ~ (/gun)
&d>j\ au'ghap adj, rugged impassable

(jjl au’gi n.f. embroidered upper
of shoe

( Jjlau'pal adj first foremost

best excellent adv. at
first ; in the first pla^e in. the
beginning n.m. (pl. Jrtjlava’il)
first part earlier part commencement
beginning CrftJJJ-fi/sJjt ao’val khesh' ba'd
darvesh’ Pnov. charity begins at home
av'val dar'je ka adj. first-class ; first-rate
class posh top aZ-gfst)t\av’val diti' se adv.

from the very first day from the very-
beginning ; right from the start CfjJjIao'val
raih’ns V.i. stand first ; obtain the first position
top the list Vjlau'valan adv. at first in the
first place initially j J fj(Jj\av'lval-o akhir
adj. the first and the last n.m. God avoal if -

yal n.F. priority pre-eminence superi-
ority excellence e^lao'ca/i* adj. first
premiers former ancients past
original aJdtirUt adj. the

first and the last [~Ajsl]
j)jt ola N.M. hail lUjj tito ta ho ja’na v. be-
come very cold

if yUll att ' ,a **»'/* adj. good-for-nothing
n.m. simpleton

aulad'ji.r. pl. chidren dccendants
jlijl offspring ; progeny iUs'

n.f. pl. daughters j/SjItjiouTd* gUkoar' n.f
pl. sons jltjlJjlMalaC kl nilad' n.f pl .
legitimate children well-behaved progeny

Jlbl^l'iia-Ma'lqf aulad' n.f. pl. unmanner-
ly or good-for-nothing progeny [A ~ sino. Jj J

°al'to n.f. lower edge o r £

V roof

/Ijf, j . ool'-jatocV adj stupid
■ * unmannerly awk-

ward ; clumsy sloverlv

| j i uo ~ ud y

n.m. nonsense Ofajjjlau/’ f au \

* Bah'ns v.t. talk nonsense
Ujf toM. boiled mince meat

urn a v.t. mince meat beat severely

I-T-^corr.)

(Jjl no'l a adj. better best preferable
y. chief ; main ; major [A - Jj|]

ttim pik adj. Olympic (£U>1)A±MjI

* « dim’pik Uul (or muq abate) "n^T. S»l.
Olympic fE ~ GJ

jj\ pref. possessed of

having ; possessing owners of
ulut'-etbsar' n.m. pl. discerning; wise y+ffIJji
Alul -am r n.m. pl. chose in authorityw/UjlIj^l
fi/i/ -albab n.m. pl. wise nien ; person of tin-
demanding az m adj. enter-

prising ; venturesome ; adventurous ambi-
tious aspiring resolute
‘ai an n.f. resolution • ac> emimation
ambition enterprise S^Ujiulul'-'ii'm n.m.
pl. learned people savants sages [A]

JjlJj I au ' lo ° aa ' lo ° adj. awkward ; strange
giving a strange feeling (on being

worn)

N.M. PL. saints ; holy men

(ped.J associates ; companions[A~siNo.fl->)
» j avualijjai N.r^fjlav'oalit adj. (see under

^JiIadj.*) -

«m n.m. (Hindu name for) God (S]
y)j| «en n.f. wool JjIm'ss adj. ★

£/j\ook\ N.M. camel

dt'khiyt kif kal

(orker’witj baitki mov^lct^us see J]

how the wind b 1 ' J^te"

rtnekt U ri kaun’si (f* 1 *£sJ

U ji'Ai prov. u is rotten all over
Ijft&jlnrtt kata ra n.m. a kind of thistle eaten

by camels ** m ** h nu * f ' r<J *

prov. a giant will SUrve on what surfeits a
draft lOlpoit'M n.f. dromedary she-
camel *

CCjl *a V.T. boil Pjlauk t’n* v.i. seethe

, bubble over boil
Jryerttf'si n.f. (see under <£3 1 n.m. *)

\fjl ooft'eba adj. (f. if ilfiofi ^n) high

v lofty elevated tall precipitous ;
steep senior UJj/(\ i A!\Jjtooti'ets (or bora)
bnl bol'na ph. brag sUn'ita v.i. be

hard of hearing ; be deaf Ly;i/jljf^katk ook'tha
ho'na v.t. have the upper liand be muni-
ficent ($* look'ek* dukari tdffka

pakvan prov. great cr/ little wool
ook (he boV ka mufth' ni'c&a prov. ‘pride gocth
J before a fall fy(fjioofr'ch&"i n.f. height;
altitude elevation loftiness tallness

steepness fi^^ook'eh n.f. inequality

difference in social status vicissitudes ; ups
and down high and low

aundha adj. (f. JVjlauk'dk }) prove

U>>(

upside down ; inverted topsy-turvy
perverted l^lMjIauk dha lei' na v.i. lie face
downward (fjpfydjlauh'dki khop'ri adj. (fig.)
stubbornness perversion
auks n.m ounce ; 02. [E]

eft oobg'n a v.t. grease the axle (esp. of ox-
y, t driven carriage) with tallow-coated jute
Jrji ookgk n.f. dozing drowsiness

sleepiness nod doze . ookgk’ na

v.r. feel drowsy doze off
oo*h int oh well

(JjffJil oof-kook int. no ; never

il y | 00m adj. woollen (jtp.il) fUsJjioo'ia diaga
M (or dha’gah) worsted knitting wool

woollen yafls [

*K|J|y/oo’nl oo’m adj. idling ; wasting one’s
time

j 2 ,jl mint pau'nt adv. more or less
V irrespective of loss or profit at a
loss at the price offered at cut price
ySjjji o'var-s*".ar n.m. overseer [S] ^

1&* o'car-ktf' n.m. overcoat \

Ajtaukam’ n.m. pl. supersu- n fh f

tions apprehensions fear ME

lA~SINO./>j ^ . . J,/£T

p* isT. who cares nevermind

int. ho, hey

*>' . ,

s. «#'’», ol’lah int. (W. dial.)
l Heaven forbid oh ;

85

jyViS aDer ' saeer ' adv at all hours
** ** early or late

(Jfjl aha'H n.m. PL. residents of a place ;

people ; inhibitants citizens Jl/jjfi
aha'H imwaft (ped. Jiyj^laha'tf-omava'li) n.m.
ml, dependents retinue [A ~ pl. of J[(]
iha'nat n.p. affront ; insult dight
slander contempt ; scorn
iha'nat kar'na v. insult ; slight defame ;
slander [A]

-ha int. (expressing surprise, pleasure

AP • n

or pain) oh ; ah
ICrlthtid a' n.m. guid;

lirflt-htida' n.m. guidance [A~id>ij]

thliz&l' n.m. blowing (of wind) ,

„ vibration rejoicing [A]
flrfiehtimam n.m. arrangement effort
, management administration

supervision vigilance care [A]
rSjfi ohram' (or aih-) n.u. pl.

pyramids. pyramids
Egypt) [A~

a'hir ta'hir n.f. restlessness
1 during approach, pf death ;
pangs of death . , uneasiness
gjfcfah'raman (or aih-) n.m. Zoroastrian god

of darkness devil ; Satan [P] &

(♦^f aih' ran n.m. anvil fiS /fi

(ped. aA/') n.m. fit jiF

■' capable worthy. • suitable . . M.Jf . - fjr
deserving n.m. members of a Jferl

family inhabitants, citizens people
followers master : owners jl£l()laih'l-e
ejtihad' n.m. pl. qualified jurists (of' Islam)
£tJjahl-Mah' n.m. ph. saints pious

people iflJrtoik'Le ba'tin n.m. pl. saints
pious people £*f(jlaih'l-e bait' (-e athar')
N.M. pl. members of the Holy Prophet’s family
comprising Hazrat Fatima.Hazrat Ali and their
children (according to the Shi’ites. .. Jtyl
aik'l-e tosann'un n.m. pl. Sunnis gZ^Saih U
*>& V'yo' n.m pl. Sh\'\tts s~jfy\aih'l-e tnfsir'
m.m. cxegetical expertt I aih'l-e hir’Jah n.m
workmen artificers ; artisans
tradesmen •>^f(j’Jaih'l-e kha'nah n.m. members
°* the household ; owner n.f. wife n.m. pl
family jjl),iaih'l-e khirad' n.m. pl sages ;

wise people JjJriaih'l-e dll' n.m. pl. saints-
pious people VjJpaik'l-* dun'ya n.m. pl.

people

worldly people laymen cJijJ’Jaih’l e dcu' Jot
n.m. pl. the rich the upper classes
aih'l-e zauq' n.m. pl. connoisseurs yfljJjl
aih'l-e zaban' n.m. people whose mother tongue
a particular language (fJj[lat/i l-e zonin’ (or
lii') n.m. pi.. inhabitants of the earth
people of this world jjJ’Jath'l-t zohd n.m. pl.

pious people ascetics c (TM

sakhun') n.m. pl. poets eloquent persons

litterateurs pf'K'O) C^piaih'l-e sun nat {val-
jama' f at n.m. pl. Sunnis Jjgfyiaih'l-e saif n.m.
pl. swordsmen soldiers combatants
£i / /Sj' l taih'l-e Aar'* n.m. pl. observers ol
Islamic laws ii*()jaih'l-e safa’ n.m. pl. the
pure in heart saints aih’l-e san"at n.m.
pl. workmen artisans' tradesmen £&f
{jd/aih.' l-e lari' qat n.m. pj.. (first-stage) mystic
tiftylaih'l-e zar'f adj. magnanimous
great tfljfylaih'fo 'irfan' (or l iifah) n.m. pl.

mystics people having a real understand-
ing of the ways of God J*fylaih’l-e ‘ aq'l n.M.
pl. wise men sagacious persons J*(%\
aih'l-e Hl'm n.m, pl. the learned erudite
persons scholars savants intellectuals
intelligentsia jjfyaiit’ l-e gha'raz n.m. pl.
interested oprsons selfish persons vested
interests *jp/(} l laih' t-e Jaraig' n.m. pl. Euro-
peans Westerners tf^aih' l-e fan- n.m. ,,pj«

artists artistes J>£t aih'l-e fik'r n.m. pl.
thinkers philosophers intellectuals
intelligentsia J^ J’Jaih'l-e qib'lah n.m. pl. Mus-
lims M aih’l-e qa'lqm (or -lam') n.m. pl. men
of letters Jnflaihl-kar' minor official
public tervznt^ifylaih'l-e kitab' n.m. pl.
people of the, book (i.e., Jews, Christians and
Sabiansj aih'l-e ka'ram n.m. pl. charit-
able people ; generous persons liberal people
*~*-~(J t laih'l-e kas'b n.m. pl. tradesmen
aih'l-e maj'lis n.m. pl. participants of a
meetine members of a society «*£( aih'l-mad
n.m. minor court official office in cfiaige
Cirt))! aih'l-e ma°rifat n.m. pl. people with
an intimate knowing knowledge of God
saints^M^faiA’l-r mdqad' damah n.m. pl. parties
to a suit I aih'l-e^ _ man' sab n.m. pl.

officers dignitaries [fijjaih'l-e nazar dis-
cerning people far sighted persons wor-

shippers (of beauty) tf&tjiaih'l-e nifaq' n.m.
vl. hypocrites£jjJ[laih'l-e var'* n.m. pl.
holy ; godly pious people ascetics (jjfiJ'J
aih'l-o \ayal' n.m. pl. family Jfj t 'laih'l-t hi'nar
(or nar') n.m. pl. artisans skilled workc.
L~f?Jl*r'jll0lah'lan va • sah'lan mar'habz int

86

welcome Crflaihliy'yal n.f. worth capa-
bility aptitude skill possession -*[•)
aiklh’yah N.f. wife {A] ^

, r , aih'U gaih’le adv. coquetishly

Vyff aih'U gaih'le phir'na v.i. move
about coquetishly

s* aham' adj. most important urgent
(/'pressing grave significant momen-
tous ; stupendous aham' umoor' n.m. pl.
important affairs; matters of import
ah amn&y'yat (col. ath'miyat) n.f. importance
gravity significance (A]

^J^iohia'sa n.f. (dial.) non-violence ‘ahimsa

M.ahv n.m. cowherd this as a caste

..ahv n.m.

'C' >

this as a caste

. .»• n.m. amity friendship

association connection alliance
unity [A~*S*»b)

s.a‘im'mak n.m. pl. leaders religious
^leaders [A~3Inc.^I»] ^

| at vocative particle oh O kash'

int. would to God ! O. how I wish
^.^.ax hat int. O

• i .ay zz' n.m. name of the first Muslim Goyer-

nor of Lahore who was originally a trusted
slave of Mahmud of Ghazna mathmoo' d'o

aysz n.m. pl. loving pair (/0&f2-/jS/l1ayqz
tjad'r-e khud bi-shinai pkov know thy worth,
ipan one should not forget one’s humble
beginnings [T]

* .ayagp n.m. wine-cup ; wine glass [T]

u.v

.ay a! N.F mane [P]

Or:

lyalal n.f. governorship govern-
w^^ment sway ■ domination [A]

M ~cyyam N.M. PL. days time period
jlf duration menstura* period (rare-
wars ; battles . engagements J^ftiayvam-r fcz
n.m. Pl.. thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth
nights of a lunar month (as the brightest
nights) i'j^^hiayyam se ho'ha v.i. menstruate
have the menses J^uavya'm-r mad a n.m pi..
heat period [A - sing, f

aya'ma n.m. for F.) (pi., of

/ ai’bak (rare i-l n.m slave messenger
appellations of two famous Muslim
kings (one ruling India, the other Egypt)

[T] S.

n.m. pl orphans (A -sing.

S', ai' tarn n.m. atom > /^taitam bam n.m. atom ’
^ bomb [E]

jfPfissr' n.m. selflessness [A]

,y, Ijab' n.m. assent proposal, (by

• 7** one of the parties to a bargain)
positiven ess fta b-o qabool' n.m. pro-

posal and consent (in matrimonial negotia-
tions) tfgi ija'bi adj. positive affirmative
zrffjljabiy'yat n.f. positivism [AJ
y ijad' n.m. invention contrivance
J'fj contraption (lit.) creation
ijad' kar'na V.T. invent devise origi-
nate creat Ljfjk£liJad' ho'nz v.i. be created
(A ~j#}

n.m. brevity [A]

ejaftt n.m. agent (f^lt'jahsi n.f. agency
[E]

l&jfjrjanda n.m. agenda [E]

tujookeshan n.f education

/ cch' peck, (col. &J&J rhek.' pehejt) n.m.
complication fraud ; deceit
crooked ways Ltir/ ^^il ech' peck ki ba'teh n.f. <
crookedness double dealings U>y &:&'
edi' pedk na jan na v.i be straightforward
have straight dealings

J >.atd'ras n.f address (E)

IJjJe I

** •• ^

y^aidvZhs ^yijfiadvaiis n.m. advance (E)

* ( >, aid'mket n.m. advocate I E]

m*

4 ^ aid hak' adv ‘ad hoc' [E]

4* ' '

Jr > ai' ditar, ^Jhidi'ur n.m. editor
yyO aidtWnyai n.m. & adj editorial [Ej

jphj aidl' shan, JUSiadf shan n.m. edition [E]

•*

jA> aiJUh ita/, fjrz^ttadish'nai adj. additional

JZi f i e]

^•j^l ddl kahg n.m. aide-dc camp (E - F]

, Us 1 N.f. affliction pain trouble

distress vexation ; annoyance oppres-
sion (/>'>! izz dd na v..t, afflict injure

hurt pain annoy; vex (jLi\fdiza'-rasaii
adj. vexatious troublesome annoying
oppressing j ^Hza'-rasa'm n.f. causing
harm ; doing injury

e'ra phi'ri N.F. fraud shady deal
yp? (rare) exchange
jf/l irad’ n.m. (pL.&jbliradat') objection [A~

/mi)

» *j«r* -r, oi'ra fhai'ra {nat’tkoo khaira )

ic ^ n.m. Tom, Dick and
Harry the scum of society ,

£ f l/i Iran' n.m. Persia ; Iran jjflira'ni adj. &
** n.m. Persian, ; Iranian 1 [P]
fyer n.f. spur Cvfytr laga'iia v.T. spur ; urge
*• fa horse) [-fold,] j, k
(Jyl e'ri n.f. heal UPjJjtfyftfJ}

JktyfefrAe'ri se fho'u tok ph. from
head to* foot : from top to toe (or

bottom l‘ 50 (jj;J?le'rij>ah ra'gorna v.r. (fig.)
be in straitened circumstances ; pass through
hard times be helpless ,

j\}f lead' N.M. addition (of) VJityt Had’
** iur'na v.i. add (pseuda A~ #il>]

Stud N.M. GoA.(f&}t'zadi adj. divine;
** heavenly [P]

[^)\ ai'sS adj. (F.^/m'ri) such like like
** this resembling L^jUiai'sa vai'sa adj.
(r.^r^lai'ri vai'si)^ inferior indecent;
smutty* so-so IfifatWsi tai'si (vulg.) ph.
to hell with tai'si tai'si kar’na v.t.

do one’s worst (j^^lm'se meti adv. at this
juncture in these circumstances (P^dtai’se
in’ adv. so to speak ; accidently ; casually ; -by
the way adj. so-so int. why ; how
is' tar n.m. Easter [E]

f^fjs/taiso'sU'^m N.F. association (Ej

n.m. (Hindu word for) God [S]

e'shiyi n.m. AsiaJ t^fesfcya"* adj. Asiatic ;
*'** Asian pref. Asio- (EJ
JififtisaT n.m. conveying conduction
** sa’Ue savab' n.m. conveying

reward of virtuous deed or rite l^tisa'l-e
Jhra'rat n.m. conduction of heat -[A — ij 0 )]
aizan adv. ditto [A]

n.m. repetition of rhyme [A]

\fiflifa' n.f. . fulfilment observance re*
** turn execution (fjsjj^ifa'*i dig' ri n.f.
satisfaction ii>l*fa-c ‘ah'd (or -‘aih'd) n.m.
fulfilment of promise ; honouring one’s word

[A~frV] ; V-

/ti\j)fiqan' n.m. knowing for a fact cer-

*' tainty faith [A~(j(^]

^Xjtk adj. one only single sole

** a certain one singular unique

pth^tiek' a dk Apj. some just a few n.m.

a. half j\>0sKMe'k a dk bar ph. once or twice
(h£\ a dk ja'gak ph. (just) at one
place 'tjffcj&nJjek? afida uoA' bht gafi'da pkov.
but one* egg and that addled; the only
child turning out to be good- for-nothing jW_/i
ek' bar adv. once at one time once upon
a time all suddenly JjU'tek-bar'gi adv.

Suddenly ; all of a sudden all at once
simultaneously^. ek’ pet ke adj, uterine
(brother or sister) /a/' n.m. harmony

unison; concckAfjtf^Mekjan' apj.
of one mind intimate well-mixed
ek' dil adj. unanimous of one mind
of one accord ek' dil ho kar adv.

like one man solidly ( unanimously^//*;!^
ek dam' (re) adv, instantly ; immediately
forthwith k/iek gaban ho' Tin v.i. be, of
one accord be unanimous
sa'da ek' se din na raih'na. ph. (of fortune)
have vicissitudes (frjijiMek In das'sUna’na
v.i. to retaliate much more sharply^^jL#
tW mail'. bap ke adj. I of children) bom of the
same parents £Z*£X\ek mtuh't adj. lump sum
entire adv. entirely ; in lump sum
ek'. natk adj. one or the other (fiimdfeJt’ H adj.

only one ; solitary unique adv. very ;
extreme ly

%,) \e'kz n.m. unity alliance pact
**/ friendship unity of interest
ft / j&Jt t'ka e'ki adv. all of a sudden-
** ** suddenly unexpectedly

CORRy]

{kj fctaik't n.m. act (of law) art (of
drama) Jf/t aic'tar n.m. actor i^/riaUf-
tares n.f. actress acting ; action

[E] /

fj^laik'tsra adj- extra n.f. extra girl ; extra

A E] / y

faik's re n.f. X-ray lj4~J"laik's re kar’na
y v.t. X-ray [E]
jg\ikh n.f. (same as dstH.f. if)

$k\el‘cKi n.m. envoy ; ambassador . emissary
L lT1

jrl *Vm n.m. aloe
(J~r\ailopaitki n.f. allopathy [E]

at T»*

ailominiyum /jh ailmo-niyam n.m. alu-

!#♦** '* minium [E] **

J\ ay'yim n.m. widowed person ^filaya’ma
»** n.m. pl. widowed persons f A]
if lima’ n.m. sign hint suggestion -
** instance intention assent 4}t}£
ke Ima par pn. at the instance or suggestion of

[AT

iMf\ ima n’ n.m. faith • religion belief

** creed confidence trustworthiness
integrity VZ&kiiman be&na v.i. betray one’s
faith (or truth) jlj&l/J Jinan' -dar adj. faithful
honest; upright; conscientious trust-
worthy true loyal (fjlJUliman'-dari n.f.

faith faithfulness constancy in-
tegrity ; honesty ; uprightness trustworthi-
ness conscientiousness dZ^fUltman' se int.
&adv. by God iman' se kaih'na v.i.

depose t*Ufclhiim3n' /a‘na v.i. believe
accept a faith ; enter the fold of a religion jlfj
ll^Jfiman' mefi kha'lal a'na v.i. prove
faithless fall pray to temptation [ A ~ i? • ]

. j^y^Jaim'boolahs, '{jibflaint-

** * boolafis n.f. ambulance

IE],

e’man adj. most happy
r ** auspicious [P ~ A ctl]
i»r\ t'mm n.m. name of a musical
r*\ mode [S]

^T\ ax man N.M.^right-hand adj. right ; right
** hand (fjh vadi-e ai'man n.f. Sinai
Valley lying to the right of the mountain
where Moses had a glimpse of God [A ~ ($•]
UjSlaimo'nija n.f. ammonia fjfjaimo'myam
** ** n.m. ammonium [E]
tj | aih int. (expressing surprise) oh ; O

adj. (only in combinations) this
** ih'ja'nib pron. I ; we

i*t N.F. brick ingot any bricklike
'* thing (} As (&Bna'’l n.f. brick-
work iftt' se ifit bajs'na v. des-

troy demolish work havoc with

knjavab' pat' Aar se de'na v.t.
give blow for blow give tit for tat reta-
liate sharply Jerk' itf

ki mnx'jid alag' batta'na v.r. (rig./' recede

sho^, schismatic tendencies

aift'th-an n.f. convulsion coruor-
* tion gripe colic arrogance
obstinacy Ca^laivth'nu v.i. strut , swagger
be offended contort tighten
stiffen, > y .

eh' (ha la Hi, J Fleif kfuii laiH N.F.

V *• struggle tension

ki'dhan n.m. fuel firewood

■%J\<nhd adj. unfinished ho'na v. i.

be unfinished

Wd aihd'na v.t. strut ; swagger
*' affectedly /byaiiid kar adv. wit

ger walk
with a Swag-

gering gait

b&J ind'vs NM.ifjA'Iindvi n.f. circular po»l
k j^for supporting weight on head
jffllfaCrlaifidl baih'di adj. (of talk) silly

** nonsense nid»

nonsense rude crooked
aiti d* baih'di siina'na v.t. abuse;
call names ; swear (at) talk rudely
(jjjyi cAudn’ (Arabicized as tvan') n.m. (pl.

iVatiaf) palace court hall;
gallery " House^;(jK(^!>»a»»a'»-« te'/a (or
ierifi) Upper (or Lower) House (of Legislature
[P]

kmJjiay'yoob' n.m. Job I^J^h r 'JJrf*sab'r-e ayyoeb'
* (or ayyoo'bi) ph. Job’s patience (fig.)
great patience (fig.; forbearance [A~H]

/t /ffAam' n.m. ‘double-entendre’ ambi-
* '** guity ] A ~ ]

k^bt second letter of Urdu alphabet (equiva

* lent to English b) (in ‘jummaP) 2 j two
LSbi pref. (usu. before Arabic article as

* pr. bil or ii + consonant following J|) by

with from in into on for

towards near according to (11) I swear

by (12) be ransom for tfh d>tyhi-abi' mn'tm
va um'nn ph. my patents be ransom for; non are
dearer to me than even my ki* and kin
fo-it’lifeq adv. unanimously {

wi* one voice with a concensus of opinion
AlPd\bii- ijmal' adv. briefly ; in brief ; in short
,jijli\bil-ira'doh adv. deliberately; inten-
tionally^ purposely ■; on purpose voluntari-
ly bil-takhsis' adv. specially i parti-
cularly bil-tasrih adv. explicitly

specifically , expressly distinctly »n

89

— i *"

detail ; at length tffUil-tafnl' adv. at length ba-khu'shl adv. with pleasure; gladly
in detail ; detailed ^bil-jab’r adv. for- cheerfully by all means as you like it #

cibly violent under duress adj. forced ba-khair’ adv. in safety in peace well

JL-ft lil-jum'lah adv. on the whole : alto- | adj. (in salutation) goodnight, etc.) 0jj.ha-dri
gether in a word ; in short ; brief! y^-af^ rajah (*«) adv. in a degree ^ l^y>,ba-da'raja-e

bi-jin' si- hi adj. identical the same adv. adv. at least ftjlfytbada'raja-e oo'.in adv.

exactly ; precisely^ Lbilrkhair' adv. well in the first place adv, as

happily in a good manner adj. good usual in the usual manner unchanged

welcome propitious (iron.l unlawful; ba-diq'qat adv. with difficulty {OcAJiba-ditf'qat-e

illegitimate unwelcome (■ biz-zaroor' tamSm' adv. with great difficulty d*ba-dil',
adv. necessarily inevitably certainly y! IfjJ'i ba-dil-o-jan‘ adv. with all one's
definitely^r^lJj7-‘aA:'i adv. on the other heart ; from the cpre of one’s heart not just
hand on the contrary ; contrariwise outwardly A» ba-daulal adv. through

bi1- t 'umoom' adv. generally commonly by means of by dint of (Ji^ha-doo-ti prep.

universally ibi-‘ai'nihi adv. exactly
precisely adj. the sam cj^^bil-far'z adv.
supposing granted ; granting that : admitt-
ing for the sake of argument hypothetically
speaking ()***[ bil-fe‘ 'l adv. now ; at present
in fact ; actually adj. active . real
bil'-kal adv. ^ entirely ; wholly ; completely
APJ. all Ibil'-kUl thlk ph. all right

bit kuUiy'yah adv. as a general principle Ji t
bil-lah' adv. by God bil-musha' f ah ah'

adv. faccto.face ; ‘vis-a-vis’ j [liM.bit-mtiqabil
n.m. adversary adv. opposite facingJjl*U
bil-muqa -balah adv. as compared (to) ; in
comparison (with) [A]

teV bi prep, (used for emphasis before certain
* Persian tenses) do [P]

ba pref. (used before nouns) (joined to
the next letter or written as -r') with
by for from to up to into in
on upon ply l ba- if mt' adv. in abundance

adj. abundant , plenty L*. ba-pa adv.
on foot ; afoot going on ; *6eing held ; pro-
ceeding £j£bd~tadrij' adv. gradually ; by
degrees 'Jj^ytfba-tasrihat-e zail' adv. with
(the following) remarks <-?l£ba-javal>’(-e) adv.

in reply (to) ■ in response (to) inspired
*-/ Lfba-hisabj-e) adv. at the rate (of) in
the proportion (of) according (to) in the
name (of) ; debited to the account (of) f/‘
ba-haq'q{-e) adv. in favour of in thp
matter of : in the case of on account of J*’
ba-ffSk'm [-e) adv. under the orders (of)
by command (of) by authority (of)^^
ba-khilsf ’ , CJ&j'bar khil&f' adv. contrary
(tb) in opposition- (to) J/ba-khoo’ljl adv.

well nicely ; in a* good mannej-

thoroughly with grace : gracefully

except ; save without lacking ; want-
ing for want (of) j/jba-iot' adv. perforce
by force ; orciblv ; under duress
ba-sabab' adv. because (of) ; by reason (of)
on account (of) f *~£jy*{ba-sa'r-o ehaeh'm adv.
by all means most whillingly

ba-sii silah(-e) adv. in continuation (of)

as a sequel to ^ba-shid' dat adv. fully . i n

full meagre forcefully severely very
much ba-shar'te-keb adv. if in case-

on condition that provided that ; with
the proviso that A^ba-tad' adv. with much^^*
ba-soo'ral(-t) adv. by way (of) in cast
(of) ; in the event (of) in the manner (of)
iS ba-son fal-c khilaf'-var' zi in case
of I breach (of) ^ ba-si'ghah{- e ) adv. the
department (of) on the (civil, etc.) side
ba-zid' ho'nz v.i. stubbornly insis \jjt> ba-tar'z
adv. in the manner (of) in the form
(of) j# ba-taur' (-e) adv. as in the capa-
city (of) after the manner (of) jJj£>
ba-tau T-e khud adv. of one’s own accord
voluntarily in one’s own way on one’s
own account y“l£)ba-za'hir adv. apparently
outwardly ostensibly^/*/ ba-'ivaz' in
exchange (for) in place (of) in lieu (of) ;
instead (of ') Jyiba- ( aun'{-e) adv. by the help
(of); with the assistance (of ) ^Jtfibi'ai'nihi
adv. exactly ba-ghair ' adv. without

except ; save lacking i wanting jadba-qa'dar
(or ba-qad'r{-e) adv. to the extent (of)
by the power (of) according (to) in the
measure (oi)J^ba-qual'(-e) adv. according
(to) on the authority (of) in the words
(of) j&. ba-kar 1 (-e) adj. useful; serviceable
prep. for on behalf (of) j^/j\^ba-ka'r-f
sarkar' ph. on official duty state service
tfCJicJii&ba-ka'r-i dau'lat-e pn'kistan ph. on

90

State service di'^fba-kas'ral oj. plentiful ; ing generous kind humane tpi Ju-

abundant adv. in abundance >/. ) a - mujar' tad ma'zah adj. tasteful delicious

adv. instantly immediately forthwith ke ba vVjood' pup. in spite of ■ despite

~ i $ iba - mar'tabah adv. to some extent ; in a ba - mjoo ’ dt-ktk adv. altho u gh notwith*

degree to the extent (ot ba - muqtaza'-e standing; in spite of the fact that ; de sp i te

adv. in consequence of owing to be- the fact that (fjjilba-oar'dl adj. in uni-
cause of for reasons ba - man'zilak adv. form liveried kmi'/ prkp.

in the place (of); instead (of) of the status notwithstanding in spite of; despiteful

(of) ba-moo’jib adv. by reason (of) ba-vaz’’ adj. sticking to habits snobbish

in pursuance (of) in accordance (with); civilized ; cultured , civil* polite tme ;
according (to) : in conformity (with) as per loyal ; faithful jfyl ba-vU’zoo adj. having per*

by under feba-nam’ adv. in the name formfed die ablutions

(of) to ^^^ba-nis' bat adv. in compari- t^Lbab n.m. chapter door ; gate topic;

son (with) ; compared (to) than ?J,ba-vaj’h * * head subject ; affair ; kind

adv. for ; because (of) ; by reason (of) ; owing bab met ph. with regard to this ; in this nutter

(:o) J^ifJ^/L^bajiak' kirishhmah do kar'- ph. [A]

kill two birds with one stone [P] l 1 ba'ba n.m: old man grandfather ^

(r ba prep. by ; with possessing ; having * father (corr. of) baby
* (Js'lLba-Usool' adj. principled (man) of ba’ba a' dam kt zoma'ne ka adj. old ; ancient

principles J/fllia-iwoo’/s n.f. acting on one’s
principles being principled J>,ll ba-\h'-k*h t
Jr\\ ba-ak’-keh adv. notwithstanding that ; in
spite of that despite that jllba-a’sar adj. in-
fluential effectual efficacious jQ^fiba-
ikhtiyar adj. in authority ; wedding power

powerful authorizedi/iirfl ba ikhlas’ adj.
sincere ; cordiali-oltia-arfoA' adj. respectful
polite ; well-mannered INT. (alsoJd^Oti-of I
j\J> rfba-ndob' ba-mUla'hazah bosh y it’) Gentleman
please rise in your seats (His Majesty, etc.
arrives) tjWlb ba-afuta'zeh adj. & adv.
moderate(ly) proportionately) accord-
ing to measure g)Uf li>a iman' adj. honest

pious religious faithful

hamah' adv. in spite of all that ; despite all
that bx-ladbir' adj. wise discreet ;

prudent resourceful ^ t bdiamiz' adj.
civilized ; cultured polite ; courteous ; civil
sensible ; wise ( jplia hayz! adj. modest
bashful £ l bs-kha'bar adj . wel 1-i nform-

ed ; well-posted not stupid ba-khuda'
adj. godly religious pious

shu'oor' adj. well-mannered wise ; intelli-
gent shrewd; sagacious JiJii’iba-za'bitah
adv. formal official ; in accordance

with law (cicJcJfl/ltba fara'^at adj. (man)
of means adv. leisurely in a satisfactory
manner »js\i\ba-qa’ i idah adj. regular
formal ; official procedural in accordance
with law (etc.) gji ^ ba - qati’itah adj. well-
arranged £* J /{ bz - mwriu[vat adj. oblig-

antiquated outdated ; outmoded

baba jan N.M. dear grandfather dear

daddy pop t*f/Uba’ba log n.m.sino. orn.
(corr. of) baby mendicant(s) HP]
ba’bat prep. usu. used as ph.£/IJ ks hi’ bat
prep. as regards regarding ; about

O a r’H

Jiba’bur n.m. lion (as appellation of an Indo-

* * Pakistan Moghul ruler) [TJ
ba'bul n.m. father

(Jl^lba'btl N.M. Babylon ; (Bib.) Babei [A]

y | la' boo (endearingly or respectfully (fjLba’bor-

* ji n.m. cleric father ; daddy* ’ lord
Mr.

vj(, baboo' nah N.u.camomile ; wild

ivy [P}

ba'to n.m, (also
bi/yal) name of a heresy, of
Islam Babi faith follower of this
heresy ( founder’s appellation t-rl

A]

bap n.m. ‘ father CV'^bap’ bazta'na v.t.,
regard (someone) as one’s father cajole

wheedleft’bl^l^C^'! ’bap' tbk pakHteh'na
(or ja'na) phT * go to the extent of abus-
ing (someone’s) father bij^bbap' da’ da
n.m. forefather ; ancestors ; progenitors
bap’ rc^idd-^bap’ re bap int. (expressing
surprise fear /etc.) dear, dear dear; dear
me help mercy /}l/^\bap' ka nou'kar
n.m. (met.) humble servant

ma'rt ki bair’ ph. family feud; longstanding
enmity n.m. fore fullers :

ancestors elders(>^ri jftl/bijtaslbap da' da ka
team rauhatt kar'ni v.t. & i. bring credit to
one’s ancestors be a source of pride to one’s
family (iron,) bring a bad name to one’s

family dj-ba'poo n.m. (dial.) lather
„ . but h.f. matter affair subject ;
^ . topic issue ^ question word say-
ing speech ; discourse ; talk news gossip
story ; tale. ; account point ; particular
(11) proposal ; proposition (12) substance (13)
taunt ( 14 ) advice (15) occurrence ; happening

every time.; on

every occasion in every particular
bit ba’dalna v.t. back opt of one’s word
bit barki'ni V.T. prolong a dispute bit

bigar'na v.t. ruin one’s credit mar
(someone’s) plan bring disgrace lliOl bat
bana'na v.i. tell tales concoct a stpryi tfj
U* kl bat ban'na v.i. prosper , flourish
surged Ofti&Lbafna pach'na v.i. be unable
to keep a'" secret Pj'&tbit pa' harm v.t. carp
at ; cavil at V/J&bbit pak'ki kar'ni v.i.
have (something) confirmed confirm
contract Ofy&beSrse bat poochh!na v.t.

question ’' inquire from hat

hooM'ni v.T. inquire after (someoue’s)

health or welfare express concern <or
welcome show due respect to tyfJ^lbnt
phtr'na v.i. change the topic equivocate ,
prevaricate I'H^^bil phnilani V;T. give
currency to a report ; spread a rumour CUpt
bat phail'na v.i become the talk of the town
be talked about ; be bruited about or

abroad IVj CA bat pi' ja’ni v.i. put up
with an insult ; pocket an insult bear with-
out demur hide a secret IjW&l bit pai'di
kea'ni v.i. attain excellence create some-
thing new put up an excuse pttS/Ua/ ti I’m

v.i. evade or dodge (an issue or insult)
put off bat fafi'di par' nit v.i. be

shelved ; be put in cold storage
bit duth'dl par'ne de'ni v.t. allow the / matter
to cool down bat ihailiarni v.i. be

engaged be settled Aai thaihra'm

v.i. make a settlement arrive at a deci-
sion betroth bit' ja'ni v.i. be dis-

graced ; lose one’s credit (-VI ^ibitjimi'na v.t
bring iomeone) round to one’s viewpoint
iyj jr£t{bat dtaba' ja'ni v.i, swallow one’s

word I'ifctSd bit (h.ali’na v.t. cut the ice'
initiate (a subject) in discussion djsfCsl bat' (fait
n.f. chat gossip talk ; conversation
negotiations . parleys bat' shit kar'na

v.i. chat gossip talk converse
have negotiations ; have parleys CjfjJjtbal
dohri'nB v.t. repeat recapitulate Crj^lJ
(t*U tjb) kl bat' raik'na (or raih ja'ni) v.i.
havejhe upper hand prevail succeed
Cm^iV&bbatka batah'gar bana'na v.i. ex-
agerate awfully ; make mountains out of mole-
hills (If'Uv.yl,/ bat ka pakki (or poo'ra

or sad' (ha) adj. true to one’s word; as good as
as one’s word ut’l&lbal' kat'na v.t. cut
in bat ka sir' pair na ho’na v.i. (of

words, etc.) be irrelevant' be baseless ;
be unfounded be illogical I'fyfeibat kan!
par'na v.i. hear; learn kar'te
pat'thar mar'na,v. talk rudely give a curt
ft&QiiifflCtf&blm ko khat a'’» men jal'rn v.t.

defer ; postpone ; procrastinate put in
cold-storage ; shelve CM&tbat' khulj m v,i. (of
secret) be out ; be laid bar bit
kho'na (or kho de'na) v.i. lose** credit ; injure
(one’s) prestige Oj/^lbat khol'na v.t,
have a straignt talk reveal or disclose (a
secret) ka'hl para n i hu’i prov. a

word spoken is an arrow let fly
bat' ki'ye ph~ooi jhar'na v.i. be eloquent
be soft-spoken Cffolbat' ghar'na v.t. fabricate
forge ; trump up (excuse, story, etc.) fjii&l
jjfcjjoctt lakh.' ki, kartti khak' ki prov. roar-
ing clouds seldom rain Cdl^lbat' man'na v.i.

obey accept a suggestion
bat' melt st bat' mkal'na v.t. bring out fresh
point(s) p&l 2 l 4 &iA*lbat' men se bat mkal'na
v.i. # (of fresh points) emerge from talk yipl
Clfijbat men ft' nik&l'na v.t. ^cavil at”
pick holes in an argument (etc.) C tJpjLba'lo*
men a'n» v.i. be taken in ; be gulled'; be dup-
ed l'rtl(£jj)ba’ion men ura’na .v.t. talk
(someone) out of his wits ridicule ; hold tp
ridicule Cjjf^j'Aba'ton men, bajfila'na v.t.
delude with Ifair words C\^(Jjj)lba'ton men
lags' na v.t. engage (someone) in conversa-

tion divert (someone’s) attention I'Ot/ft
ba'tensuna'n a v.i. talk repeat one’s story

relate one’s adventure # abuse ; revil re-
prove •_ reproach ha' ten' sun'na v.i.

listen lend cars eaves drop P ut up

92

*->r

with unpleasant remarks have to iisten to
reproof ‘dJ^baioo ni adj. & n.m. talkative or
garrulous (person) batoo'rii pan n.f.

( talkativeness ; garrulity

tittlebat n.m. weight jjl/jjiJslbZt aur tars' zoo
r , n.m. weights and scales
^slbat n.f. path

fe/fcbaj n.m. tribute (rare) tax jllffy ( bsj-
guzsr' adj. n.m. one who pays tribute ; tax-
payer adj. feudatory ; tributary [P]

(fl ba'js n.m. musical instrument UV'irLba'ja

gaja n.m

music

musical instru-

ment

baj’rs n.m. millet (rare) drizzle

* IL^j , A baj'ra ba‘ rams v.i. drizzle A#

iaj're A» it Aa'r/iA v.t drizzle
bsj'ns v.t. (dial.) (of musical instru-

* * ment, etc.) sound

baji n.f sister ; elder sister [T]

g\ibadsfr.H.v. corner of the mouth assess-
V ment of share of tax or subscription P(Sa?l
Asjik dal' ns v.i. levy tax , raise by subscription
rTc/^ft ba'ebjuh S'na V.T. have an inflamajion
at the comers of the mouth
ba (theft khil'na (or khiljs'tla) v.i. laugh : laugh
loudly smile burst with joy be satisfi-
ed be overjoyed

-1. bakh'tar n.m. west Bactria [P]

X r "

„ * bakh'tah suf. played beaten (at play
lost (by gambling) having lost ;
deprived of [P~

y[bad n.f wind breeze sirelhtbad-
* ban' poetfalso^ljliarf'-iaft) n.m. saill>t£arf-pa'
ADJ. fast, swift n.m. courser bfylbad-paima'
adj. fast ; swift n.m. aerometer courser
idle talker one who builds castles in the
air j&jtbsd-e tuft'd n.f. windstorm tem-
pestuous g^le J&jjibad-nftar' ADJ. swift N.M.
courser 1 bad-remg' (corr. as lba"o
baraftg'} n.m. a cucumber-like drug root'
bad-e samoom' n.f. simoom bad' -sab] n.m.

air guage one who builds castles in the
air bji'^bad-e shUr't n.f. favourable wind ;
fair wind If bad-e rafcf n.f. the zephyr
morning breeze bad-e farafig' n.f.
syphilis J^yA. bad-firoM n.m. flatterer ; syco-
phant (pjJjlbad-firo'fkl n f. sycophancy
bad kash n.m. ventilator exphaust fan
‘Mbad-gard, jljJgtrd -bad n.m. whirlwind cA&A.

bad-e mukha'lif n.f. contrary wind s\sA, bad-e
murad' n.f. fair wind 1$ i/sl bad-e mo' ‘S' fa n.m.
favourable wind ■ fair wind L-^A^bad-numS'
n.m. weathercock , vane [P]
njlbadam' n.m. almond

bada'mi adj. almond.'
almond shaped light brown ,
nut-brown j'f(/bl [ bada‘nn oft'kkefi
N.F. Pt. almond-shaped eyes ,
fllSli* tad shah' (also tiyjlpadshah')

n.m. king ; sovereign ruler mag-
nate highest name (in) iAJt&\bad'shah-
za'dah n.m. larch.) princcifAjiiAsL bad'shahza'di
n.f. (arch.) princess . sister or wife of a prince
Jt&tl bad shah-gar adj. & n.m. king-maker
badsha'hat n.f. kingship sove-
reignty realm ; kingdom : tmpirctSftA.badsha'
hi n.f. reign , rule ; sovereignty king-
ship realm . kingdom empire adj royal
regal ; imperial [P] ^

(Jjtba'daf n.m, cloud C ijilba’dal ana v i. be

* cloudy CLfJjCba'dal djia'na *v.i. be

cloudy ; be overcast with clouds ba'dal

ga'raj'na v. i. (of clouds) thunder [P]
\)}lbad'la JsUad'Inh n.m. brocade gold

or silver thread

ba'datjan N.M. brinjal [P]

pjlba'dah n.m. liquor , wine r spirits ; strong

* drinks ; drink ba' da-par ast' adj. &

n.m. drunkard ; toper ifyt>\ba'da-paraAt\ n.f.
intemperance ; fondness for liquor jrtAba'da-
ka\h‘ adj . & n.m. one who drinks , wine-addict
(f~^$j[ba' dtfkaski n.f. intemperance ; fondness
for drinks (/juiba'da nosh' adj. wine r addict ;
one who drinks ’ffinlbs' da-noshi n.f. fondness
for drinks [P]

ba'di adj. beginning first ; SrtA
b^dl-Un-na' zar melt (ped. ba'dm-na' zar
meh) adv ‘prima facie’; at first sight
y ba’di ADJ. flatulent ; windy rheu-
(jyi matic &t(filba’di ba’dm n.m. corpulence;
bloated body [P~ •»(]

/A Ijl badiyttri, jlAba'diyati N.F. anise
** * aniseed [P]

'fyl ba'diyoh n.m. desert wilderness :
•* * waste ; wasteland LyffsAba' diya paima'
adj. wander# ; tramp' deser traveller
ft ba'diya-paima' ’» n.f. desert travel

tramp [A]

Oj t ba'diyoh n.m. bowl [P]

♦

t$A.

93

0 J )r

n.m. body [E]

ba'dl bodice ; brassiere [ ~ E bodice corr.]
gar’d n.m. body guard [E]

oar n.m. turn time chance ; occa-
) ; sion ; opportunity (dial.) day of the
week jij\bar' bar adv. repeattdly ; again and
again ; time and again ^jlbar'-ha adv
often ; frequently times out of number [P]
y bar n.m. burden ; load liability
J j{ heaviness leave ; permission ; admission
court sitting of a sovereign to give
audience ; audience produce ; fruit onus
(of proof) jjljL bar-a' var adj. bearing fruit

fructuous jbjAbar-bardar' adj. (beast) of
burden n.m. porter ; carrier (jj bjj l bar-bar dan
n.f. transport freight beasts of burden

Ji/jjfji ba'r-e suboot' n.m. onus of proof ; burden
of proof ybijjlua'r-e kha'tir adj. _ unpleasant
disagreeable offensive j\pj\baT-kha'nah
n.m. gddown< IjlAjlbfir-e khuda(ya) int. Great
God ; Lord God jljjlbar'-dar adj. (of tree)
burdened with fruit pregnant fortunate
i> I jyl bar-da' r.ah n.m. gunny bags (etc. in
which provisions are kept) ; packages pro-
visions fojage I'bjl bar-e ‘am' N.M, public
audience \!jj\ bar-kar’na v.t. load j^j[bar'kash
n.m. cart or animal for carrying loads ; load-
carrier tl^jlbar'-gah n.f. palace court
place of audience yJj l bar'gir n.m. pack ani-
mal rider or cavalier not owning the horse
he rides jjjlbar'-wtr adj. fruitful success-
ful fortunate laden with fruit Vjfjlbar’-
ho'na v.t. be laden be an obstacle or
burden t-slv l Aaryai adj. & adv. admitted at
court or into company ; granted audience J jyl
bar-jia'bi n.f. admittance at court ; audience

l ! ]

yvba'ra n.m. lifting of irrigation water in
bucket from well with a lever; lever-lift irriga-
_ tion bucket used, for the purpose person
turning the bucket song Sung on the occa-
sion

&\jy barat' ,0^bara\i n.f. marriage procces-

I ( sion .

(Jjvba'raft n.m. rain adj. raining(yA’fJ^

bara'iu (tamin') adj. & n.m. rain-irrigated
(land) relating to or depending on rain
VJsblbar -ai\-la' ph. Bar(rister)-at-Law [E]

Joj l bar' bad n.m. name of a lege ndary Persian
* musician [*}

l^A bnr'ja, ( bar' j ah n.m. inside balcony

Pjlba’rid adj. (f. & pl. gjfjlba'ridah) adj.
cold frigid [A]

Jjvba'riz adj. apparent manifest [A]
Qjiba ' risk n.f. rain showers plenty

*1 f /) vindfal, l P ~

\_jJJ V ba'rak-allah int. God bless you ; may
& . * you prosper [A ~ oCj-f Jbi]

LJjlba'rag n.f. (usu. as pl:) barracks [~E
corr:)

barood' (co\. C^rAb&root’) n.f. gunpowder
Z^^SjjAbarood-kha'nah n.m. powder

magazine gunpowder factory [ ~ T]

I . ba'rah adj. twelve (UtAba'xah imam' n.m.
bJ , the twelve ‘Imams’ (religious leaders) of
the Shi’ite sect (viz.) Hazrat ‘Ali, Imam
Hasan, Iman Husain, Imam Zain-ul Abidin,
Imam Baqar, Imam Ja‘ far Sadiq Imam Musa
Kazim, Imam Riza, ImamNaqi, Imam Taqi,
Imam Hasan ‘Askari, Imam Mahdi)
ba'rah bat ho'na v.i. be scattered be torn
by internal, dissensions confused , non-
plussed £<£ *-;*?*> £ barah

ba’ras ke ba‘d ghoo'rt ke bhi din ph-ir'te hain prov.
adversity is followed by prosperity
V'jfjtyAapSrf ba'rah baras drill null rahe aur
bh&r jhofika prov. a boor who has failed to ac-
cept the civilising influences of society ; arrant
fool ba'rah pal’ thar ba'har

n.m. outside the city limits
ba'ra-da'ri n.f. (usu. square) sum-
mer house with a dozen-doorway
pavilion 1 ba'ra-sih'gha N.M.
stag ijlba'ra-ma'sah n.m.

calendar (as a genre of Hindi and Panjabi
poetry describing woman’s pangs of separation
through various months of the year)
ba'rah v a/a/' n.f. Rabi-ul-Avval 12 (as the
Holy Prophet’s) death anniversary (and now
mostly as his Nativity day) jIjrAbar'havah
adj. twelfth /

J ^ ba'rah adv. (same asZ^ljf)

I ba'ri n.m. the Creator HAAtfA, ba'ri la'a'la
n.m. the Elevated Creator , God [A]

Y. . ba'ri N.F. time; turn jlt/ifAbari ka
V J Z bukhar' n.m. ^ tfj\ba'ri Ai tap n.f.
intermittent fever jfjil/A ba'ri ba'ri adv.

tfjtrj J

^A

in turn

— i- earh in duecourse( ~P-(/J]

^Ajlbarik' adj. fine thin minute

slender delicate threadlike subtle

\A harik'-bal' N.F subtle pointj^J^l

nice*

bank' bih adj. _ shrewd sagacious
penetrating Jrf^tharii'-bini n.f.
shrewdness Subtlety hair-splitting

(Jj ! f bariki n.f. fineness thinness deli-'
cacy i subtlety discernmentCd^Jt^tc^/t
(met) b&ri'kijah nikal'nav.i. pick holes (in)

find fault (with) split hairs
'^rjiba’rf tjiba’rah adv. at last , a length
kt ba'rt meh adv with regard
to , in respect of regarding concerning
,|bout(P]

^JXba're adv at last at leng h (P - Vl J

jtftar n.f. hedge fence /
edge (of weapon or tool) l’l &}l
(Cfji i)bar lagana (or bandh'na)
fence put a hedge round
l^lba'ra, fitiaVtfA n.m. en

* closure - pen . fold

&jl bark* h.f volley VAtiXbatV mar’nb y
* fire a volley -<aa

' *i baz n.m hawk falcon jbJt

• bat'-dar n.m. falconer one
in charge of someone’s hawks! - A

m

agent actor . doer
player (P) - >j

f . bat suf.

A

oaz pref re- aga backl'Utia^' ana
v.i. abandon ; lea off turn back
(from) ; obsiain (from) efuse declin

bat'-piirt' n.f. explanation called
scrutiny interrogation ; inquiry calling
to account b&t'patifi'AO). last
batrhia'sat n.f remand to custody >j)l da.?' did
n.f return visit bat' rakk'nd vt

prevent - prohibit dissuade restrain ;
holdback hinder repress disallow
debar UyyyJ bat raih'nav.i. desist , refrain,
abstain forbeai shun leave ofl , cease
J^ll^jibat’gaskt n.f return retyeat

relapse resumption (also U*

tadt'-e baz'-gasbt‘) echo JlAbat-ya’bi n.f re-
covery bat-y&ft' n.f.’ recovery re-
sumption (of alienated land) [P] .

n,m. bazaar marked
* batar' gar’m ho na v.i. (pf thing)
be in great demand (of trade) thrive

" " ' " ■ 1 i

, be brisk bi in vogue ; be the
order o/ the day . be r mpant C0A}tb at*,'
lagan a v i establish a market display

one’s wares gather pc Ic (round oneself)

l'/7 lift IJt bazar' n 'da (or far’d) ho'n a

v i. be in the little de land (of trade!

be dull jij ljJ£ihpr batar' n.m. blackmarket
<{M J fA 0T bata'ri n.f. blackmarket, black -
marketing l)lj<L-/<fAjlzJrckor bazar* kar’nt
oak n.m. blackmarketecr jijlj/kku'/a b*za>
n.m. open markct(f)l;jia?sri adj. vulgar
inferior relating to the market indecent
lax in morals uncultured incredible
(report, etc.) (/itfjfAjlbata'ri ad'mi n m
vulgar person ; uncultured person low com-
msirr person <2j/f(fjljlbaza'ri *, au'rat n.f prosti-
tute harlot . whpre ; street-walker woman
on the sireet ^A/jljibaza ri gap n.f. in-
credible report hearsay rumour fajiJA'A
bazar * nir'kh jted \fjl j\ batar ka bha'o n . m *
market rate [P]

jjLbd too i, arm wing (of
bird) side frame (of door)
side of bedstead hank (of army)
accompanist , accompanyisi 1 (of
"marsia’ or dirge-singer) com-
panion supporter associate-^)!
ha' zoo-baftd n.m. armlet bracelet
ba’zoo pharak'na v.i. have an augury of meet-
ing some friend (^J)jlba' zoo toot'na v i. lose
one’s supporter (through death, etc.) [jjjA
ba'zoo de'na v aid , assist . help support ,
lend a helping hand ^/jjjlba'zoe da''va n.m
suit for the restitution of conjugal rights [P] ^

, n.f. sport , game, play wager

bet , stake lAtfjLba'zl bad'na v.i bet ; lay
a wagcr(lV / /t ^tj*>iJ’jiia , ^i jil'na (or mar ja'n a)
v i win come out victorious excel
C^lJjlbazf de'na v.t. beat win (a
game) checkmate kba'na

[or bar' na) v.t lose be defeatcd» |^J

n.f. theatre circus playground
stadium gjlba'frgar n.m. acrobat rope-

dancer^ juggler . conjurer magician-, sorce-
cer (] Jrj t ba'zi-garni n.f female acrobat
acrobat’s wife sorceress (/Jrjiba' tk-g^ri n.f

rope-dancing jugglery legerdemain
£$t/jlba'zi taga'na v.i. wager lay a wager
stake . lay at stake lk^.(£/l£8'.Ei It jStOt^ v.i.

win excel /jl ba&'&ak n.m. toy

plaything fun Tr

95

jL L

A

baa' &a-a*tf al' n.m. child’s play (P)

(St 1 ? N.r. smell . ad>'ui sent un-
pleasant odour n m. (dial ) abode . dwell-
ing.

jf'lta'sofk adj. & n.h. sixty-two 0'r\
m ba’safkaan adj. sixty-second-
bn' sit n.m. Giver of prosperity (as an aitri-
# /buteofGod) [A-J^J

bat' matt n.m. basmati ; a superior kind

-Vi* °f ricc

tJT"basatlq' n.f ‘vena basilica’ , the great
** * vein in the arm [A~G]
l ha' son n.m. vessel ; utensil

ba'si adj. stale overnighj n.m.
* (dial.) dweller , inhabitant
ba'si ba’dtc no kut'ta kha"e paov not to lay by
a penny ba’si ‘id N.r stale Eid . dayfS)
after it b‘Ji/\ba' si kor’na v.t. make stalq/%*i
ttVifiljZba'si ka'fhi melt *bdl' (a'na) ph
wish to be young in old age storm after
event ba'si rnhhtf Aov before breakfast
i bash sup. staying, living being int
{j\ (ped.) stop : stay (fi%vr stay being
existence (P~ftbj(be]

tj&iba&itiiah N.m. citizen resident ,
, * inhabitant [P~ prec.]

^Iba'dtak n.m falcon . hawk ; sparrowhalk

•Si*

I'siroh N.M sight [A~ /*> J

tu. ba'til ADJ spurious false null

ir *and void futile, ineffectual
fictitious unsound (IsUJjrjOfcPlbati/

so'majhna (orjan'na) v i. regard as false
bait kar'na v.t nullify rescind , cancel
abolish vitiate revoke falsify [A]

L. ba'tvr n m. heart mind innermost
{J ? part inside (jfbba'ttni adv internal

intrinsic hidden concealed . latent
esoteric Cartnathian (sect of the Shi‘ites)
'j}0f[ba'tv& fir'qah h u Cartnathian sect fA
- pff)

•Jr ba'*ts n.m cause reason condi-
**} tion ground , basis origin (rare)

instigator [A]

p I N M . .garden orchard grove
yl (£lrjrJj;)l'j{t/\ibtl)>WI) bdfh' bagti ho na (or
.ba ja'na) ph rejoice greatly be overjoyed
b't ba fh N m (fig i • deceitful pro
vain hopes Q/i&l/fsob i ba gh dtkha na
v 1 (fig.) raise vain hopes excite dqire
and expectation fay deceitful promises

possessmg

ba%h~t-ma‘ilaq n.m. b raging gardens
bag^-o-bahar n.m. garden in spring ; spring
garden adj. beautiful (sc ne) delectable
(personality) tflslbafk-ban' n.m. gardener
vagetable grower i}iHbagh-ba'ra N.r.
gardening ; horticulture vegetable growing
%%ba$at' n.m. pL. gardens orchards J it l
bagha'n adj. pertaining to gardens horti-
cultural baghifaah (tare y jf}bagh'(fcdh)
n m. grove orchard kitchen garden

m

ft'lba gh I n.m. rebel insurgent traitor
mutineer

fjjlbafsvr weaver woven

* fntta'rt-baf n.m. lace weaver CJl (fjjiftl
iaf N.M. gold-lace weaver [P ~>gpt A.. J
&{baft texture web (j*\baf'tagi n.r.

weaving knittingJ^ia/'taA adj,
woven knitted n.m. tissue rjjibafihdah Njm.
jweaver [P~cT tf ( weave]

Jl tba'qir n.m. rich scholar adj.

— at lea.-ning and wealth [A]
ba'qir-kha’ni n.f. a kind |
of crisp .ragile bread
i ba'qila n m a kind of bean . a
m * potherb [A~ (P.]

'qi adj. remaining outstanding
existing alive perpetual n.m.
balance remainder surplus arrears |
im'Lf'ba'qi hisab' n.m balance of an account
jlrJib a'qi-dar' n.m. owing a balance

debtor defaulter Ufjjlba'qi raih'na v 1
be left remain (unpaid) have a . balance
(or »>" U? Iba'qt^mah'dak n.m re-
mainder residue adj remaining resi-
duary Ofifibba'qi ntkal'na v r subtract
find the difference between two numbers
strike a balanced Citia^iyad n.m pl. arrears
balance remnants £lj Ua^ya'l-e-
saltbat n f pl. the good that on? does
memory of one’s good deeds (A- l^j
^jfibak n.m fear terror harm [P]

fib ba ktrnh n f virgin (A ■

A

bakk n.m udder « bakk r» , j \ bakk' it

* n.f cow or buffalo when sjie ha* given
milk for five months or so t}r^ba'kkal n.m
enclosure * courtyard enclosed by several horse
cattle-sheds, etc

rein

bridle

eA

I’&lJibag utha'nd V.l.
start on horseback give die rein
set at full gallop^* oibag'-dor
n.f. rein halter (fig.)
control 'si kt

ks A' meh bag'-dor ho'na v. i.Yfig.)
exercise control over I'JjffJibag dfu'li kar'tia
v.T. give free reins (toK leave (someone)
free in his evil ways bag' (t'ns v.i.
take the rein pull up b’j/Jbbag mor'na v.t.

turn the reins change the directiop (of
horse, conversation, etc.)
hath.' st chkoot'na v.i. lose control miss
opportunity

pLba'gS n.m. (dial.) apparel bridegrooms
garment

f't bagar bit la n.m. wildcat (nurs.)

. for scaring child) tom-cat (fig.) chubby
child. "

bagh. N.m. tiger

^ym^ibages'n n.f. name of musical mode [S]
y til pref. see under [A prep, w /- f

V DEFINITE ARTICLE J l]

' ji bal n.m. (ped.) heart mind condi-

U* tion ; state [A]

r l, bal n.m. wing, pinion U^jyjJlba'l-par
U ; nik&l'na v.i. be fledged learn to fly '
oppose betray malicious designs [P]

All bal n.m. hair crack (in glass or china)
U . n.f. car (of corn) Cfjlbatatna v.i. (of
glass or china) be cracked have hair (on
chin or face) IjtiJlbal utar'na v.t. shave
off cut the hair JlJifaU bal ' ad v. altogether
completely C^JbJl bal bst bacb’na ph. escape
by a hair’s bredth ; have a narrow escape^fjj
\^>X>bal bat banifcna v.i. be inextricably
entangled fltfijrjilJlbal bah’dhz gh8(am' n.m.
very obedient servant ; one held in thrall
C#jll){bal bshdk'na v.t. set the hair braid
4r—i}{bal' bac&’ f be n.m. (one’s) children

one’s family I'gfb^iyj/Jlbal' barn 1 bar far'q ns
ho’ nil v.i. be identical ; have no difference at
all bat bi'khnrniii v.t. have dishevelled

hairi’ti Jt 4s(' beoa'iis v.t. do the hair , chess
the hair Vj; bl£sj\ ( ¥'ka bal’ Wkana ho'na
ph. not to receive the slightest injury ,
escape unharmed OjJl W pok'na v.i.
(of corn) ripen (of hair) grey j'i£\

& adj^ (boil) caused by
hair ( r^'OSbat-tarm' n.m.

(of hair)

bat -lor n . m .
breaking of.

hairdresser bal' jHar'na v.i

fall off, (of baldness) approach Ji
Mar n.m. spikenard , hyacinth jbjCbsl'-dar
adj. cracked (glass or china ) &jjt bat rakk'na
v l. allow the hair to grow wear (long,
short, etc.) hair L'j^^JUal Slftd' ho'na v.i’
grey . grow grey age remain no
longer young become elderly j tfjlbal-
kama'ni n.f. hairspring (of watch)
baLkka're ho'na v.i. (of hair) stand on encUjl
(CgrtyOrdUba! ki khal nikal'na (or kkeheA'nav t"
"split hairs be hyporcritical l^Jf Aa/!'
le'na v. sha v <j one’s private pans tibJLbal'va'/a
adj. hairy iT^yjJlba'lofi ka bursh' n.m. jwir-
bru i ba ' loh ks ttl' n.m. haip
ha foil ki hat rat n.f. hairiness (fjOJbba'lofi ki
ka'nn n.f. thinness of hair

bal (used as *~hjj\bal bodi'&e) N.m. (pl.)
Ui childrenut^Ji bat hat n.f. obstinacyfof
child) , childish obstinacy
i .. La' la n.m. adolescent mere boy,
Vy stripling large ear-ring >■ gramsprout
adj. new young lisflitba'ls bko'la adj.
ch'MlikcJ^jftJJba'l! bkole N.M. PL. children,
tiny tots ^Jibba la-pan n.m. childhood
infancy * adolescence if*# lar'ka ba'la n.m.

a mere lad a slip of a boy ^4 ^Pflar'ke
ba'le n.m. pl boys lads and lasses
f . . ba'la prep. above on upon ADJ.

v? high . lofty exalted foregoing .

aforesaid ; above-mentioned suf. super, n.m.
top upper part stature ; height l)t Hi ba'la
ba'la, JJlOfiDbba'la A* ba'la adv. by under-
hand means over dnd above the head (of)
secretly ; privately U? 1)^ ba’la bala’na v.t.
dodge ; give an evasive, reply jP^\ba' la band
N.m. broach for turban ba' la-posh N.M.

overcoat coverlet , coverlid cover bed
cover .HPillba'la-kha'nah n.m. upper room .
antic upper storey brothel Aa‘/»-

dost' adj. superior high having the
upper hand ff)$bba' la-das' H n.f. superiority

hegemonyt^K 1 ba'la-nasfnn' adj . occupying
the chief seat ' JZ*jf\)bba'la-o-p*st’ n.m. higl^
and low heaven and earth [P]

. tala ’« adj. over and above external
unusual . extraordinary superficial
illegal (gratification, inconje etc.) N.r
(euphemism for Jj 4) cream ljillbs/a j, i aw -

dan i, N.F. perquisites

97

bribe ; illegal gratification received*!^ 1^1 J li j 1
ta/a'’i akhraiat' n.m. overhead expenses
(P-preo.]
te/'t* N.F.

ft

pail backet

Hi

bal'AHar n.f. spikenard ; hyacinth

QJlba'lish n.f. pillow cushion [P]

„~i balish't n.f. span

balisht’ bkar adj. (of the
length of) a span ig&lbslish'tiya
n:m- dwarf ; pigmy ; midget [P]

bal'shtnik adj. & if.it. ■
bolshevik [R]

ba'ligh adJ. of age ; major having
T attained puberty having reached the
age of maturity n.m. adult ba'ligh
ta''*-de'h\ ( ka haq’) n.f. (m.) adult franchise
lVr£t fia'/ifh ho ’n& v.i. attain majority ; come
of age [A]

/ ba'lak n.m. child ; infant I flibal'ka n.m
(dial.) Hindu sadhu's disciple
J. ba'lam .n.m. lover (usu. woman’s)
f . sweetheart husband adj. young
youngish ; boyish large and superior ,, ..

balah'goo n.m. a kind of citron
Jr, tukhm-t-baini'foo n.m. its seed used in a
cold drink [PI ,

ba’loo n.f. sand £*fyj[batoo ki bhti n.f.
well of sand (fig.) anything frail
/-lAj# ba'lno-ihahl n.f. a kind of
swcetment ; disc pastry
ba'h n.P. small girl ; mere
slip of a girl earning ; spike

(of torn) adj. very young
bi h ‘umar ,fyf(Ji;ba’fi ‘S mar'ya n.f, young
age (esp. of girls, sweethearts, etc.) [ - Jl]
g ba/i'dah adj. grown up increased

A d» enhanced j^Jl bad' dagp n.f. growth

increase expansion ' lush vegetation (P~

y-tfii

j}, baltn n.m. pillow cushion the head
CJ.J'ofa bed(PJ

*>i bain n.m. housetop roof terraceffv'*
f , lob-t bam n.f. (A adv.) (on) the edge of
the roof

V/ bim t ^sl banb, J^fibam math’k'li, n.f. cel

I :tsj

yt'

<fe!

i . n.m dawn morning

<i adv. early in the

morning at dawn fP)

fbaman NM.i/Lbam’ni n.f. (see under c/fv
C^N.M. -A)

• sbarn'm n.f. a kind of lizard disease
j shedding eyelashes yellow stamens of
lotus moonplant

1 ban n.m. rush string (for plaiting bed*
O', stead, etc.) bloody track of wounded
animal (dial.) arrow (Hindu myth.)
rocket

^ ban n.m. a tree yielding benzoin [A]

V . i bun suf. driver guardian keeper [P]

e>r

». ba'na n.m. woof ; weft staff with balls
l ' fixed at ends and used as weapon ; balled
stafT • its use at military weapon (Arch*)

distinct uniform (arch.) guise
^^buntt 1 n.f. broadcloth

’^ba*'bi tt.r. (snake’s) hole

baht n.f. division distribution
share (rus.) feed fc>‘ibaftt'n<X v.T. divide

distribute apportion share dispose

of

sf bar jh adj. sterile barren
y bat jk- pan n.m. sterility
.. v bahet’na v.i. decipher (letters) make
*y»out read carefully ignore over-
look

. • *. bahdk'na v.t. bind pack tie

pack fasten chain fetter ;
shackle shut construct ; build (bridge)
embank (II) plan ; design (12) seize (13)
bind in marriage (14) set (15) settle (16)
form (17) compose (18) versify (an idea) (19)
pitch (20) set (21) take (aim.) (22) chamt ;
captivate (23) pair (24) liken (25) put on
(armour) (26) take upon oneself
.a *i bah’di n f. handmaid maid

to *>

to' in AB'H to’ vi tki to band* hu"i raov. victim
of vicissitudes of fortune
•fr.i bahd n.m. bond jifnf hi I in' Uiht bahd n.m. prize
^ » bond [E]

**i ban da ao|. & n.m. (person) with crook-
ed legs tailless (bird or reptile)

1). bihtti.u. bamboo, lett-
ed • foot-long measure
bShi par thaiha Ha v.T. (fa-) liaise

(an umvortliy man) (O/i;

bait roh u'chkatna (or* kood'na)

v.t. (fig.) be overjoyed J^ibah'M

adj. bamboo ; of bamboo

98

l^lbafi'sa n.m. bridge of the nose

bait' s3 phir’ ja'na v.i. approach of death
(denoted by the turning of the bridge of the
nose)

( babs'n (rus. tft bats' li) n.f. ^S|

* pipe ; flute reed ; fife [ .

^J^lbatk n.f. anklet dagger-

* play type of dagger used :

in it ; curved dagger piece of t '
wood protecting a wheel fault : offence ;
wickedness

| filbah’ka n.m. fop ; beau ; coxcomb

snobbish bully (esp. of Lucknow) adj.
curved crooked ; cunning spirited
babk'-pon n.m. cuteness smartness
foppishness ; gaiety ; wantonness /’t bat'ki adj.
& n.f. cute (woman)

kmd&baiig n.f. crowing (of) cock) ; crow

cry ; shout fusu. yjfjL J&bah’g-c azan)

call to prayer bat'g-e dura' n.f. sound of
bell (as signal for start of caravan)
batg' de'na v.i. Crow [P]

) : bahgar n.m. & adj. upland ; highland

Jt/fy batg' roe churlish stupid ignorant

/ /. n.m. boor highlander

(/ t ban'gi n.f. sample

jlba'no (ped. ba'noe) n.f. lady princess

* syp. (used with female names) woman [P]
l ban vc ADJ. & N.M. ninety-two
t * ban'vtrah adj. ninety-second

bath n.f. arm sleeve support

supporter surety -, guarantee

bath' pa'korna v.t. succour support

defend come to the aid of bath'

joof'na v.t. have a broken arm lose one's
prop ; support or friend bath' de'na v.t.

help : aid succour OJU'l bath gaih’na v.t.
I (rait) support ; come to the aid of ;
fHte'aiN.M. founder ; author originator

* builder cause of (trouble; etc.)

ba'idre ftsad 1 n.m. mischief-monger one

stirring up trouble [A~ fe,]
r ». r

/Jlia'itJ n.f. words sounds tale

* nature bad habits

jjl ha'va n.m. father grandfather

(nurs.)doIl (someone's) superior

Adam

summate knave /jlltlbaloa a'dam n.m. Ads
ply 1 *» ba'ca a' dam nita’li he'

v.T. (fig.) (of person) being curious (of
situation) being strange If'ljbba’ua ka adj.
(iron.) own ; personal inherited

Jjlba'var n.m. credibility faith ; belief
trust adj. credible trustworthy
true t ”/jj\ba 'oar kar'na v.t. trust believe
to be truttfilflji/jl bs'oar ho'na (or a'ira) v.i.
be believed

bavar'f&i n.m. cook i Htfjs £ bivar'&h
V * kha'nah n.m. kitchenf^jl laoar'&i ga'n
n.f. culinary art v

yljl bason adj. & n.m. fifty-two jyjU/tbf
ba’van lo'le pa'o ra(H adj. exactly ; pre-
cisely Stf^j\baoan gat ka adj. tall mis-
chievom tat’ ka nut jo ' hoi so
ba’van gag ka prov. everyone here outdoes the
others in mischief (or oddity) •>> i ba'vanaat
adj. fifty second

tlbahu.T. lust virility ,\£'jq*u>'oat-e bah
* n.f. virility [A]

ba’hir (col. ba'har) n.m. & adv. out
1 * outside away abroad beyond
external exceeding ba'hir ba'hir adv.

outside at a distance int. keep away^J;
l' If ba'hir ja'na v.i. go out go abroad

go overseas by*[bahir ka n.m. outsider
foreigner adj. outer external I’SsJ l
ba'hir kar'na, 0 ba'hir nikaVna v.t. turn

out; expel oust ; erect exclude dis-
miss ; omit strike out LZ-fCyf {ba'hir bbfj'na
v.i. send out expire send overseas
Clftiyfi ba'hir U ja'na v.t. take ou) (of)
export take abroad kaih'nt u

ba'hir ho'na disobey refuse to listen be
out of control t£y{ ba'hiri ADJ. exterior [A1
SI ba'-hom adv. together, jointly
I ’mutually reciprocally l ba'ham-di'gor
adj. mutual reciprocal adv. together
mutually reciprocally tf , ( ba'-hand adj.
mutual reciprocal [P - ( +^i ]

,,/ft bah' man, ^/[ba' man n.m. (col.) brahmin
w * tf l bah' maiii, tf l bam'm N.F. (col.) brah-
min woman j ~&fs. corr.]
frlbah'na v.t. till (land) open wide
(mouth) show (teeth) eg}

^yiba"ibol n.m. Bible [E]

Ai ta'“e n.m. seller [A - Cfi ]

jl ba"o n.f. wind flatulence iwBU-
* matism L Jyjlba , 'e borahg' n.m._ a cucumber-
like drug-root ‘embelia ribcsfCT'tj ba *

s'„\

99

•j?.

sar'na (or a'n3) v.i. pass wind ; fart i)/s[ba' , o
go' la N.ki. flatulence (esp. in women) ; hysteria
ba"oTi n.f. (also (f£i 'jjZbe'jo ba"orl)
children’s game played on small fK’i
by lifting potsherds in toes filed for it
tfjjt ba"ola (dial.l/jlia'Va) adj. rabid
mad insane; crazy^iljlia'Va pan
n.m. craziness J tljlba”ola kuha n.m. rabid
dog (f)tba"oli (dial.^/lta'Vi) n.f. crazy
woma adj. crazy

Ajl ba''olt n.f. deep well with steps, etc.

, * leading to water-level

J>L ia'’<mi n.f. seed time sowing &

y bo’na]

() j ba"i n.f. madam (as title for dancing
girl) ‘mother bawd ; old abbess ; la
bonne (dial.) lady ; dame (dial.) flatus
(dial.) fait' rheumatic pain >

/f^l ba”is adj. & n.m. twenty-two
** * ba‘'isvah adj. twenty-second
(Jib ba'yafi adj. left junior bass n.m.
j‘ left had pa' 'on pooj’tia

ba'yan qa'dam U'na \.t. bow to
someone’s 1 Superior cunning f

ba n ak hatk, se rak/ua' It' fa v.t. extqrt ; get' by
force l(J^)^JVS^(/'Xba n ak haik ka kor'tob'
(or Hut) ph. easy job (for someone)

• A , i ba'yod-o tha'yad adj. meet and

proper ; as it should be rare [P

l^bib n.m. bib [E]
yf.ba'bar,

ba'bar Outr n.m. lion [P prOn.
ba'bttr or ba'bSr]

fy* bob' r a n.m. blue piebald pigeon

(Jytbab'ti n.f. look of cropped hair hanging on

* woman’s forehead

lyj^ba'bi'a N.M. boy boy’s (clay) effigy

* as plaything [~jj] ,

QjJbdbool' n.f. acacia ■ 0 » rj/?- baboeL’ ka

* kah'ta n.m. acacia babool' kt

p*r' bo'n a v.i. (fig.) do something evil.
jfj^baboo'la, bjfbagool'la n.m. whirlwind

(f,bab'bi, jjfvpap'pi n.f. (nurs.) Wm^l^kkat'a

* (Jbab'hH) n.f. (nurs.) 'first
(bab'tH) n.f. (nurs.) second kiss
^l^bibjra’nab n.m.& adj. ladies 5tuff[~P Jilj

1>M 'ta n.f. misfortune adversity

r distress ; woe calamity (

op'rnr bip'ta kaih'na (or sSna'na) v.t. relate
one’s tale of woe Ijg&bib'ia par'na v.i. (of mis-
fortune) befall

^yji^baptis'mah nj*. baptism [G]

l* u'bi'pkarna v.i. fall into passion be
A* enraged be out of control defy
revolt show obstinacy
£s>but n.m. idol image statue
* mistress ; beloved lovely person adj.
stupefied stunned dumbfounded IP, &•.
Vj 7 tjpbUt' ba'na kka'ra ho'na v.i. be' struck
dumb; be dumbfounded but’-parost'

adj. & n.m. worshipper of images ; idolater
{j-j&.bUt paras' R n.f. idolatry ; idol-worship
( ?l)‘ii%but-torash' N.tj. ^ carver of idols
sculptor: statuary (/i/^ybit-tara’sb} n.f.
sculpture statuary J,b^?bnt-kha'nah n.m.

idol-temple place with a bevy of beauties
^dPfbUt-shi'kan adj & N.M. iconoclast.;
image-breaker tjlzsfbut-ka'dah n.m.. idol-
temple (rare) pagoda [P~S Buddha)
p but' la Df. balo'la n.m. delusion cajolery
fraud ; trick ; evasion (usu. in) fy
(C&UbtU'h (or batola) de'na (or bata'na) v.t.”
deceive ; defraud dupe overreach
evade; dodge Cf(J , i (JJ{}.)ai?bUt’U (or bate' It)
men a'na v.t. be duped

bata'sa, Odbatatha N.M. puffed sugir
* drop a kind of small fire-work
bubble „

bita'na v.t. pass or spend (time)

1. # CAUS.l

bata'na n.m. iron ring used as measure far
f bangles

1*12 bata'na v.t. tell explain indicate
point out ; show acquaint describe
instruct make sexy signs in dancing etc.
fit?, batla'na v.t. tell explain talk ;
converse point out ; show explain
teach ; instruct [» <Ht\ *'

%ba 'tar adj. worse [P- )

bUt'ra adj. having a dull blade

^u^batak'kar adj. garrulous

^ baton' gox n.m. accurate (usu. in)

b’Vt bat' ka baton' gar ban a'na v.t. exagg*
rate unduly [ ]

^ybotoara N.M. dung-cake heap

0 ?. ■ 100

(Jf'batool m.f. chaste woman who is God’s
true devotee <as fltle of Hazrat Fatimah)
^virgin [A}

jjyjbaio'la n.m. (same as •£)

bat tt n.f. wick candle any sort of
lamp electric light any stick like
thing suppository plug (for wound, etc.)

V Of if", bat' 'ii jala’na v.t. light a candle (or
lamp, etc.) switch on a light Cbis*# bat'd
dtarka'na v.t. raise wick (of
hat' a dikkana y.T. show a light bat'd
dt'nav.r. plug (wound with gauze, etc.)(j?J)y
&${{& m (etc.) bal’d (s' gat n.f.' 100

(etc.) candle-power t,‘S(f£ bat'd gut kar'na
v.t. put out a lamp (etc.) ; switch ofT the
light

fjiS^batb'aa m.m. a kind of potherb;

‘chenopodium album’

Uyt bato'la n.m. (same as I^n.m. if)
ijs. halo lan n.f. deceitful
woman loquacious woman [ ~ Oj>J
J^batti n.f. wick light ; lamp

fJ^bat'tU adj. & n.m. thirty-two O'rf.bal'-
lisvatt adj. thirty-second(^5fcli’vt/y> ; /-*t^
bat'lis datt'toh men zaban ( lio'na ) prov. (be)
surrounded by enemies

ball' salt (col. b-Kpati'sa) -n.m. a kind of
* „ crisp sweetmeat ; crisp candy

batti'si n.f. set of teeth any flec-
tion comprising thirty-two units
batti'si dikha'na v . t . grin laugh mocking-
ly (or in a si ily manner) ifi^-batd’si bajna
v.t. (of teeth) clatter (with cold)

bat m.f. path portion (alsottltat)
*“• measure of weight fold (on fat body)
any fold shiny part of tripe banyan J&.
baymur' n.m. / highwayman footpad
\tbat *ta, bat'tah n.m. measure of weight

brickbat piece of stone pestle

discount juggler’s casket blemish

stigma CkbiZ.bat'fa laga'rta v.t. reduce the
value stigmatize b&l/.batta lag'tia v.i.
have (value) reduced be sold at discount
be stigmatized ; be defamed ZtfJkbat'tak-
fti'tah n.m. irrecoverable balances ; bad debts
account jit^bat'u-baf' adj. artful ^ crafty;
fraudulent n.m. swindler ; sharper (old
use) juggler ^ iirbat'u par adv. at a discount
Ir'l/kdtJv.i. get divided divert (atten-
* lion, ctc.)$l?Aff/a'’i n.f. division of

crop between cultivator and landlord wages

far twisting ropes

ba’fan n.m. button [E]

ba\m v.t. be divided (of attention)

• be diverted form by twisting n.m. instru-
ment with which ropes arc twisted

ji»* bUi'na n.m. same as n.m. or n.m. if)

y [*«}« n.f. (same as JL> if)

itbaf'va NM. p purse; wallet b'lj; bat PS sS

adj. . (f bat' os ri) small but lovely

compact

/ ltd Partition ; division of (each)

d'7. person’s share of) joint property
batvi'ra kar'na v.t. partition jlyibawsr' N.M.

toll collector tax gatherer who collects
in kind [ - b* ~ fcW )

,-fibam'na v.t. cause to twist get

V (something) partitioned [ - I/Acaus.]
b

bator'na v.i. amass (wealth; dv fraudulent
means

• Kbidta'n^ KMbiAa'de'nav.-r. seat

»“'• instal (on throne) impress plant
set fix cause to sit down persuade
(election candidate) to withdraw cause

(child) to pass stools send (child to school)
for first time, ( II ) not to send (married girl) to

[ in-laws c/j lid bitka' rakk'na v.t. keep
seated keep waiting refuse to send mar-
ried daughter to her home keep daughter’s
marriage in abeyance for long
l hm*. yibitto n.f. daughter int. my little
” ^daughter l ~ Jj dim.]
j£bayr' n.f. quail

ba-ji adj. correct right ; proper

* opportune suitable ; fit in the proper

place adv. properly precisely tfjtft/.

ba-ja' a'varl n.m. execution (of orders) *
compliance (with wish) Cip(r&l)lf.ba-ja' {irsSgtdt)
forma' na v.i. (said of a superior) speak aright

fjl ? ba-ja' la'na v.t. obey comply

with : obey put into effect; implement;
execute accomplish ; perform [P~<in + fr
place]

\f / .bVj'ja, Cf-b'j'na N.it. (crude form of)

* sanitary towel ' plug (to stop flux from
(hole)

jgbijar' n.m. bull (fig,) lusty fellow
llff'bija'ta adj. full of seed | )

(ifbqja'na v.t. play upon (musical instru-

* ment) beat (drum) blow (whistle)
(vulg.) be active agent in sex relation [ ~ fy

ba-ja"*, JL~l/?fkc bo-ja’'t adv.

* * in place of instead of ; in lieu of

C -Ff+ir]

\bjf ba'iat n.m. budget [E]

fbaj'jar, ba'jar km. hard heavy stone
** thunderbolt adj. unwieldy immovable
\fbaj'ra n.m. yacht flat-^__

•^•bottomed boat

fif ba'jar bat’ too n.m. juggler’s^S^pS^

** wooden ball toy a kind ^
of black seed for making necklace
/ffbaj'ri n.f. grave) small

'* hailstone

fba-jUr! raw. except ; save . with the
'* exception (oO withoht [P ~ + jg]

/ 1/* btj'H n.f. electricity (electric)
current lightning thunderbolt

kernel of mango stone ear-ring y>j

active ; smart very swift ( IW/}J
(U-^t fry 'ft da'makna (or kauhd’na or la’pakn a
or Lamina) v.i. (of lightning) flash i'/ityjf'-
bij'tl por’na (or gir’na) v.i. (of lightning)
strike (fig.) blast (fig.) (of evil) befall
(jpbii’ti is tolvar’ n.m. sharp-edged
sword lf*/(fbij’tl ka’rakna- v.i. thunder
JVbij'ti H ka'rak n.f., Wtftf.bij’tl ka kar’ka
n.m. thunderclap

fcfbaj'ia v.i, sound be sounded (of

* musical instrument) be played (of bell)
be rung (of teeth) clatter (of clock)
strike . chime strike so as to produce sound

(vulg.) be poked for sexual act (*)/* bajva'na
v.t. cause to sound cause (musical
instrument) to be played (vulg.) be passive
agent in sex relation

bujna n.m. (samcas tf'-iujja n.m. *)

yZbij'joo N.M. badger hyena (fig.)

tiny-faced or small-eyed person
fjf* bijau’rl n.f. small knobbed lid (for
V Af. pitcher, etc.)

^JjV* bijog' n.m. separation of lovers [S]

bjtfia'rat (JjfbVrjkav'val n.f. riddle [~

. v* . Cflti '■

btijk'na V.i. ' be quenched be put
out ; he extinguished (of spirits) be
dumped ; be depressed Clt/.bitfta'na v.t.

extinguish ; put out quench slake (Kmc)
temper (steel) depress smother (anger)
explain cause to comprehend bong
round pose (a riddle) [ — uf‘CAU».)
if* bu&'Aa, IsJboo'Aa adj. (f. (f;b*d'di, iff.

V boo'dl) ear-cropt (fig.) usn. (fjj*'
nak'fjl bud' At) with no jewellery in Cara
(fig.) shameless (woman)

bidar' n.m. (Usu. as Jf&r'iod bid* »r')

V reflection worry ; r care£/Kfrf$tSr'ap
v.i. & t. (dial.) think ; ponder

\j\f bids’ ra adj. (f. (f jtf bids' tI) same
f (see under f^-J

/iff bids'll n.f. straw fa- horse’s bed

j .

bad' pan, Ufrbad’Jma N.m. in fancy

v childhood 7 ‘bad’ pane ki ba'tek

n.m. pi.. childhood’s memories childish
ways

gij fba’dal n.f. (see under (£?v.i. if)

tf&bad'dagati km. pl. (rare) children

V little ones zvf.bad' dagBnah (col. baekga '-
nah) adj. of or for children childish
[Posing, f]

/.j&ba’dan n.m. (dial.) pledge ; wad of honota

]yf»bad ns v.t. escape (from) ; save oneself
¥ dodge ; evade ; avoid be spared
recover survive (of money) remain un-
spent (of material) remain unused ; prove

to be spare frf tyba’ds kku'ds adj. n.m.
remainder ; residue adj. remaining left

over (after use or exploitation) t,‘f bads' na
v.t. protect save spare preserve

defend ; guard help secure put aside
ty.bada'o km. rescue .. defence protec-
tion preservation security escape *tf

bada’’o ki soo’rat nikal’na v.i. contrive

escape n.f. savings ptwiiti^*

bo,' do int. look out ; watch
fbad'doo, (£/-bad'dooji int. sonny

(as a terra of endearment for own son)
sonny (as term of contempt for foe pP/ % :
badoofig’ra N.M. (term of endearment fa)
child brat [ ~P f-]

(Jfbido'a, yfbidol'ja n.m. player part^
* cipatmg in matcl* w both sides
mediator arbitrator agent pimp ;
pander (~ #.]

^ bad' dab n.m. child baby Iqfcqy

f young person young (of an animal)
adj. green inexperienced innocent

102

ba&'fka-ba'zi n.f pedcrastxjU^K^'
bath? jia-dan' (or rfa'nj) n.m. womb ; uterus
ty^bash (h*- bhara'na v.iy (of

birds) feed the young Jf/jA/ tx

ba& sh°b ka Hul’ n.m. entertain-
ment for children children
play (%•) mere child’s play^^J^^
^^baeh'dta-kSM N.F. infanticide JJ ' "

ytfjj&adi'choli ka bsH'kar n.m. large number
of children i/'jg- bash' chah kach'dia n.m. (pl

^ bachh'rs kkootiu

kt bal' par nach'ta hai prov every
dog is valiant at his own door
h#)aN.F.’iH

bi’ehkarna v.t. be separated (from)
go astray get lost

faf'bichh’na v.t. be spread lie flat
^ humble oneself (before) (of mangoes,
etc.) be helped; lie in heap t'U \a£bi'ehka
ja’na v.t. be extremely polite Cl/'.biehk.a'na
v.t. spread extend lay

bifhbva'nd v.t. cause to spread 1 M Jf

bich'choo n.m. scorpion

jjotfbishh'va n.m. iron claw w fS‘

*«* a kind of dagger ring for

bishhau'na n.m. bedding ; l >’v
bedspread [ ~ U/-]
baehk'yft n.f. female calf !#
bachfc'ra n.m. ★]

\y^f‘ bachht'ra n.m. colt «-<• %-r
*>' bashhi'ri n.f. foal ; filly \

bash' ehi n.f girl female tUlAi J

child [~P^J »/T/

& ba-hal' adj. reinstated ^ " T
, \ restored in normal state or
condition unaltered upheld refreshed
flourishing again CdjJtf ba-hal' rakh'na
v.y. maintain ‘status quo’ uphold a
decision maintain in the same condition
keep (something) as it was int. as you were
W ba-hal' kar'aa v.t reinstate rcstor

^•establish issue orders for maintenance
of 'status quo’ refresh Vs, ba-hal' ho'na
v.i be reinstated return to a former
Mate or condition begin to flourish again
be refreshed J IS? ba ~ha'li n.f. ‘status
quo’ j ‘status quo ante* reinstatement

restoration maintenance ’ rehabilitation

return to former state or condition pros-
perity recovery ; recuperation
ba-ha‘li-e ara'zi n.f land reclamation f ~P~ A

Jf],

baih's (ped. bah’s) n.f discussion
debate controversy question ; issue
argument ; dispute ; alteration (jtf&lbaiKsa
baih’si n.f. prolonged argumentlV^AaiVb'aa v.t.
argue ; dispute bath's kar'na v.t. dis-

cuss raise a question debate dispute ;
argue [A]

baxh'r (ped. bah'r) n.m. (pl. jt/l abhar'

' ab'hur, j/.buhoor?) sea ; ocean n . f . (pl ,/•
btihoor ) metre UjJf. baih' r khul'na v.t. (of
memory, intellect, etc.) improveuJKjjjqjy/,
baih'r-e oqiyanoos' (or arch, zulumat', arch. ‘col.
zulmat') n.m. Atlantic Ocean (lU^zffbaih'r-t
mufi'jamid-e) shima'li n.m. Arctic Ocean
$J?baih’r-e mM'jamid-c) janeo'H n.m. Antarctic
baih'r-e hibd' n.m. Indian Ocean iff'
baih'ri (ped. bah-) adj. sea of the sea
marine nautical maritime naval t/;

baihriy’yah (ped. bah-) n.m. navy
Pakistani baihriy'yah n.m. Pakistan Navy tf.
bohai'rah n.m. -pc [A]

ll) IS, bo hr an' n.m. crisis , criticaj moment

' turning point of disease (etc.) abnor-
mal condition ^fbohra'ni adj. critical

abnormal c^j/Jfbohra’nt kaifiy'yat' n.f.
crisis . abnormal condition [A]
jf, bahoor’ n.m. pl, seas ; oceans ; n.f metres
[A-SING.yfC]

f buhai'rah n.m. sea large lake^/j^*

■ bohai'ra(-c) as'vad n.m. Black Sea (*{*/£'
J bohai’ra(-e) room' N.m. Mediterranean
bohai'ra(-e) qul'zum n.m. Red Sea
bt>hai'ra(-e) kha'zar n.m Caspian Sea [A~ />
dim.]

j\y. bukhar' NM, fever ague steam;

vapour grief ; anguish worry ;
anxiety rage ; anger grudge ; animosity
11 jfr. bUkhar' a 'na v.t. hav£ fever; run a
temperature ; be feverish UK’i/^Jjyi/lbukJtar'
dil'meh rakh'na v.i. bear a grudge; harbour
animosity U^jiif/Jjdir ka bUkhar ’ nikalaa
v.i. vent (one’s) rage , give (someone) hell
air (one’s) grievances &ljl%bukharat' n.m
pl. steam fume vapours [A]

bukha'rl n.f. high-up niche used
a^ granary fireplace in wall (also
5< W bukha'H) name of a famous
collection of Traditions adj of Bukhara (in
Central Asia) (A- T1 ,

13

104

bai-kft&l'q I n.m. rudeness jj> bad-khoo ' adj.
evil-minded malicious rude J/s bad-khoo' ’I
n.u.. malice ; evil disposition rudeness
t|l/> bad-kha'bi n.f. insomnia ; sleeplessness
bad-khsh' adj. malicious ; malevolent
malignant inimical n.m. evil-wisher
enemy </,!/* bad-kha'ki N.F. enmity ;

animosity malevolence l 04 bad-do' s' n.f.
curse ; malediction ; imprecation Jyj>bad-dil'
adj. frustrated disgusted dishearten-
ed hopeless ftij/bad-di'll disgust

frustration l/t^bad-dimagf}' adj. haughty ;

prude peevish ; iretful rude J'\,»J ! bad-
dima'ghi n.f. pride ; vanity preevishness
rudeness cXit-i b«d-diya'nat adj. . dis-
honest unreliable faithless (fiy^bad-
diya-nali n f. dishonesty C/lj^baz-Zat' (or ped.
bad-znt') adj. low-born ; of bad disposition ;
base ; ill-bred ; unprincipled vicious ; evil-
minded wicked base; low-born jf S4
bad-zs'li n!f. wickedness vileness
meanness bad'-zd"iqah adj. unpalatable

bad-rnh' adj. wicked sinful evil
debauched *~>tfij<bad-rikab' adj. (of horse)
difficult to ride bad-rafig' adj. dis-
coloured dull ; faded jj^bad-roo' adj. ugly ;
ungainly bad-roo”i n.f. ugliness Jj*

bad-zabnti adj. abusive; reviling; foulmouthed
ftjjibad-zab'ni n.f. abusive - language ; abuse
isy*bad-z<b' adj. ungraceful ugly (fjj>
bad-ze’bi n.f. ill grace ; bad grace y^bad-
ss'*at n.f. unhappy moment unfortunate
occasion ui Jtybad-sirisht' adj. ill-natured
bad-sigal' AV]. malicious ; malovolent ; malig-
nant Jjtybod-suloo’ki n.f. maltreatment
misbehaviour bad-si rat adj. ill-natur-
ed evil unmannerly rude bad-
si' rati n.f. maliciousness rudeness
bad-shak'l adj. ugly ; unbeamiful ; ungainly
bad- shak'li n.f. ugliness j bad-shZgoc' ril
n.f. ill omen inauspiciousness <&//%
bad-soo'ral adj. ugly ; ungainly j j^bad-
soo'ratl n.f. ugliness ungainliness

» Q

bad-tt'nai adj. malicious ; malevolent ; evil-
minded {fifjbad-li'nali n.f. malice (Jlfbad-
tpri adi. suspicious distrustful bad-
tan nl n.f. distrust suspicion juf'jtbad-
‘ lik'd adj. false ; faithless ; treacherous
disloyal untrue to one’s word (f**frbad -
4 th' dl n.f. breach of promise backing
out of one’s words faithlessness treachery

( y > j>bad-J*‘’li n.f. criminal assault Un-
natural offence jfybad-kay' adj. sinful
(sexually) immoral jljX*bad-kirdm‘ adj.
sinful wicked ; evil bad-kirdar'

shakh's n.f. bad character evil person
bad-gumztri ADj y suspicious ; distrustful
disbelieving bad-gima’m n.f. sus-
picion ; distrust JJbad-go’ ADJ. foulmouthed
n.m. slanderer ; calumniator ^jCfbaa-go’f n.f.
abuse ; slander ; calumny ^ bad-gau'har
adj. (lit.) evil J>*(^ bad-lihaz’ adj. rude
disrespectful impudent (fljjbad-liha'zi n.f.
rudeness impudenceft&r bad-lagam adj.
foul-mouthed rude, (of horse) hard-
mouthed ; wayward (/^Ubad-laga'mi' n.f.
rudeness waywardness frljitbad-mizaf adj.

peevish ; fretful proud ; haughty (/J^i
bad-rnizu'ji n.f. peevishness pride ;
vanity bad-maz'g\ (ped. bad-ma'(agi) n.f.

bad taste Unpleasantness between friend
tiff t^Abad-ma'zah adj. unpalatabJe
having a bad taste tasteless ; vapid ; insipid
£mX bad-mast' adj. deed-drunk inebriated ;
sottish ; tippled l fig.) lustful (fig.)
drunk (with power) ts^wtbad-ma'ash' adj.
immoral ; of an evil profession roguish n.m.

bad character blackguard rascalJ^Uif

bad-mo' ma alah adj. dishonest ; fraudulent

/ ntrue to one’s word unfair in dealings

lyi* bad-mo' a.' malagi n.f. unfair dealing

dishonesty bad-nsm' adj. notorious ;
disreputable ; infamous ; ignominous de-
famed vilified ; slandered bad-nam

kar’na v.t. defame ; asperse ; slander ; vilify
(JVm bad-nami n.f. , notoriety desrepute ,

infamy ignominy dishonour ; disgrace
bad-nas’l adj. of low breed of low origin
bad-nasib' adj. unlucky ; unfortunate
miseiable ; wretched bad-nasi'bt n.f.

ill-luck ■ misfortune misery bad-numa'
adj. awkward ; clumsy ungraceful ; in-
elegant unbecoming tyi/s bad-numa'i n.f.

awkwardness ; clumsiness ungracefulncss
inelegcncc bad-nihad’ adj. ill-iutentkm-
ed ill-natured ; evil ; malice j/A j>bad-
niha'di n.f. evil disposition d^&bad- niy'yat
ADJ. greedy ; avaricious ill-intentioned ;
ill-disposed malicious ; malevolent dis--
honest jfitbad- niy'ydS n.f. C ill-will,
malice ; evil intention dishonesty
greed ; avarice gitbai-wz' adj. ugly,
ungainly clumsy ; awkward unmannerly

105

bad-va^'i n.f. ugliness evil disposi-
tion unmannerliness dishonesty evil
ways bad-haz'im n f. indigestion ; dys-

pepsia bad-hai'at adj. ugly inele-
gent ; ungraceful awkward ; clumsy
bad-yjtm'n adj. (lit.) . ill-omened unpro-
pitious (jrfj bad-yum'ni N.F. (lit.) ill-luck (f>
ba'di n.f. vice evil wickedness mis-
chief Cjl /(fJjba'di bar u'tarna v i. be bent
upon mischief ba'di kar'na v.t. do harm
(to someone) [P]
r JL bad' n.f. bubo [S]

^iJlbada'hat n.f. extemporization (A)

fyjbada" adj. wonders rarities
curios rhetorical devices [A ~ sing.

(!*| Jt Jt budbuda'na, V/jjkjJ^bu dor bit dar kar'na
* * v.i. mumble mutter grumble
Jjbbad'r n.m. moon bad'r-t ka'mil full
*moon (fig.) exquisitely beautiful person

LAJ

Jjtba-dar adv . out ; outside suf. banished from
* 1 '/jjba-dar' kar'na v. extern banish
extradite expatriate dar' ba-dar' adj.

from door to door forced to lead a
tram’s life 1‘jl/^Uvjj^jidar' ba-dar' khak' ba-sar'
ho' nil Fit. be forced to lead a tramp’s life

move from door to door without success
fall on evil daysj^r-^shaih'r ba-dar' adj.
banished from city ; expelled from townj>,J(t
mSl'k ba-dar' adj. exiled ; banished ex-
tradited |P~ v -fvjdoor]
yjjjt ba'dar-rau (ped. ba-dar -rau)

N.F. sewer (FJ

JSjJi bad'raqah n.m. escort

convoy drug moderating
effect of others in a recipe; moderat-
ing drug [AJ

pjje badrah n.m. (arch.) purse puije

containing a thousand rupees
£M t bid' * at n.f. innovation in religion

schism heresy any innovation jjfy
bid' 'alt n.m. innovator in religion ork
creating schism heretic innovator [A]
UCjf bi'dakna v.i. shy . start be scared
take flight bidka'na v.t. cause
to shy . startle scare , frighten estrange
ba'dal n.m. substitute alternative

noun in apposilion CbfJj ba'dal ja'na v.i.

change back out ba'dal de'na v.T.
change ba'dal le'na v.i. exchange (some-

thing with) ^JjysiJjiba'dal-ishlirak' n.m. (ped.)
subscription (of periodical)

IPjb ba'dalna v.t. change alter shift
move vary (fjehadli n.f. transfer
change of guards {">b,badlana v.t. cause
to change alter exchange f 'jijibadta"i
n.f. exchange commission barter [A~

PREC.]

Jjt bcd’lah n.m. exchange : lieu ; compensation
revenge retaliation exchange s

return rie ka bad'Jah ph . tit for tat

bad'lah de'na v . t . requite ; reward
compensate ; indemnify bad'lah le'na v.t
take revenge ; wreak vengeance on ; avenge
[ ~ PREC.]

I^Jrbad'li n.f. small cloud [~JL»Idim.]

jMa' dan n.m. body physique l^JO-kba'dan

tuot'tia v.i. suffer racking pains in the
body feci feverish O^JJ/ba' dan phmVna v.i.
have boils all over the body I’st&tfJ/ba'dan
pht ka ho' ns v.i. feel feverish - be running
a temperature \>Jjflji m ba'dan c&ura'na v.i. feel
abashed %£jj(£&J!){ba dan ke) ratthg'te

kka're ho'na v.i. have the hair stand on die
end (owing to extreme fear or cold) feel
intense cold be terror-striken 'J^ba'darii adj.

bodfly ; corporal corporeal [A]

[*jj/bad'na 1"-* ly'shart bad'na v.t. & I. bet ;

wagcriy,\jiba'dd ho'na v.i. be preordained
if j.l>ba'da ba'di n.f. emulation; contention
adv. trying to excel , outbidding
' )Je bad'doo n.m. & adj. (one) who has a bad
* name

f

}JL bad'doo n.m Bedouin [ - foil ; corr.]

ba'davi adj. & Bedouin
desert , of desert n.m.
the desert IA ~ Mjl ]

JpJ* budh. n ,m the Buddha

* Buddhisi(s) wisdom;
commonsense consciousness Wednesday
(the planet) Mercury ^j»j,budk mat n.m.
Buddhism jr’j.bud' dkoo n.m. simpleton
arrant fool fA/eAbudh! budkkegax'je N.M.

P.I., small potsherds tossed and caught in
^opposite side of hand in children’s game [ ~ S]
£ [gbbadka'i n.f. (dial.) congratulation

tyjebadh'na n.m. earthen jar for Persian
wheel spouted earthen jug

106

u

n.f. garland mark left on
* body by a hit

badh'ya rot. castrated animal
* bullock Vj Utf badkya kar’na v.t. castrate
l J* bid'deya, t j J vii'dtya. n,j. (dial.) know-
** ledge ; skill Ijjfl&Jkar'te ki btd'deya
prov. skill comes with practice [S]
iJ^Jr baits’ n.m. foreign land ; alien country
** * adv. abroad (f?* bade' si adj. foreign;
alien n.m. foreigner [ -%r^r]

& badi l ' f AX>}. wonderful novel n.m.

** (pl. ^/i^bada"t t ) rhetorical device also
bait 1 ') science dealing with
rhetorical devices ; rhetoric (J^iC/^badi”-ul~
- jamal' n.m. paragon of beauty adj." exquisite-
ly beautiful [A]

badi’kah adj. appropriate apt ex-
'* * tempore ; impromptu badi 'ha-go' ’i

N.f. extemporization ifa badi' fa adj. self-
evident axiomatic plain unpremedi-
tated.C'UjfJarfiAyjya/' n.f. pl. axioms ; self-
evident truths [A~ dyif]

IfrjbSd'dha adj. aged old elderly
* n.m. old man father i/j^X.bad'dha
pfmfts' adj. & n.m. decrepit old man^SjAfid'-
dfa adj. (arch.) old
yji baz’l n.m. munificence [A]

Jjibaz'fah n.m. witticism ; joke witfirt*
* baz la-safij' adj. witty (person) \ba£fa-
sati'jl n.f. wittiess [A] ^

1 J.bar n.m. land land mass fUjbar'tt-
a‘'zam n.m. continent l&JJbar’n adj. if gS.
karriyyah n.m. (see under (f^bar'ri adj. -&)

[A]

•j/ bar n.m. body lap ; flank [P]

ttf

bar n.m. groom ; bridegroom husband
width (of cloth)

bar pref. on upon at above
out suf: bearer ; carrier n.f. bosom ;
breast heart body fruit Ct^bar d'na
v.i. (of hope) be fulfilled t^Aar-^a' adv.
afoot ; on foot in progress lijiybar-pa'
kar’na v.t. establish set oq foot con-
vene fa Ijl bar-pa’ ho’nzv.v happen ; take
place befall be established be conven-
ed be in progress JJ. bar' -tar adj. higher
suprenor eminent excellent
supreme (fjybar'-tan N.f. supremacy

superiority excellence ■~<~f$ t barjas'lah adj.

apt apposite extempore ; impromptu
ifj. har-haq adj. right justifiable
inevitable . inpontrovertable CjQr/^ke bar -
khilaj', bar-ak's adv.^ on „ the

contrary as against SjfyjJijgrflJJl

bar zabafi' tasbl'h'-o dar dil''ga’ , e khar’ "prov.
be a wolf in sheep’s skin C^/.bar taraj adj.

sacked ; dismissed ; discharged aside
apart separated ^/c^bar-ta'raf kar'na v.t.

sack ; dismiss ; discharge VjfCkJry.bar-ta'raf
ho'm v. be sacked ; be dismissed; be discharg-
ed Ojl/. bar-tar'fi (pcd. -ta’rqfi) n.f. dismiss;
discharge J/j. bar-qarar’ adj. continuing as

before extant firm established Clfs.bar

la'ria v.t. fulfil grant (/jlbar-mafyd'
bar-mau'qa‘,£d%barvaq't adj. apt ; apposite
opportune ; in the nick of time fabor-
mala adv. openly publicly [P]

J.bir N.F. virtue obedience adj. (rare)
obedient [A]

s/ t bnr n.m. nap, n.f. vagina

bitrs n.m. bad person ill-wisher

accused adj. bad

worthless faulty defective mischie-
vous ill-mannered ugly ungraceful
CfUbu'ra ban' ns v.l. be deemed an enemy
be accused be condemned tftfL /.ba'n
bha'la adj. indifferent tolerable ; pass-
able of all sorts assorted good or bad
n.m. abuse reproach ; admonition only
id+fik{U,bu'ra bha'la kaih’na v.t. abuse ;
revile admonish ; reproach give (some-
one) hell Jlr Id bur a bal n.m. straitened cir
cumstances. pitiable condition L'J^J Ul^

bura bal kar'na v.T; maltreat reduce to

pitiable condition badger chaff ; aiwoy
ruin ; reduce to straitened circumstances
( , !f{/,bu'ra k&m n.m. evil deed sexual
intercourse t^/Au'ra lik’kka n.m. bad luck
tfUbu 'ra lag'na v.i. be unpleasant ; be dii
agreeable C>hly,bii'ra manna v.i. take
offence ; feel offended ; take as an affront
be displeased ; take (something) ill CidjUbu’ra
vaq't n.m. evil days ; hard times
bare ba' loft jfna v.t. fall on evil days^lrJ^/A/.
Cfj/bu'roti fajan' ko ro'na ph. complain of
tyranny comphin of wrong step taken by
elders vaq't ka ko"l

sa’tki ua’kii prov. none helps in adversity t)v.

4flra”l n.f. ie

bar'ra n.m. (dial.) (same as i%ba’ra N M.it)

J\J ban! bar adj. equal ; equivalent
* even ; level uniform plain smooth
straight like alike on a par (with]
exact accurate opposite regular
continuous adv. equally abreast

uniformly evenly smoothly straight
similarly exactly near over against
beside opposite regularly
continuously ^[/^Jibars'bar bora' bar (colj/j/.!/
ba'ra-bara'bar) adj. half equal adv.
side by side abreast continuously
regularly ^(/.Isrs'isr ka adj. equal

match grown-up bora' bar ka be' \a

n.m. grown-up son 1/4 bar a bar kar'na v.T.

squander level up smooth match
adjust divide equally assimilate do
continuously do unhesitatingly
bara'bar ki tak'kar ka adj. equal on a
par (with) match VtyjU.bara'bar ho ja'na
v.i. become equal be on a par (with)
be full to the brim become level be
balanced be spent; be squandered l# 1/4
bara'bar ho'na v.i. be equal fit be on
a par (with) overtake come abreast (of)
mit be spent be squandered end ;
come to an endtfj'Mbara'bari n.f. equality
parity par emulation competition
contest tt/^/U.bara'bari kar’na v.T. try
to equal emulate vie (with) match
contest resist (

N F -

* marriage procession

barat’&orh'na v.i. (of marriage
procession) ret out for bride’s
house bara'n n.m. wedding-
guest (fig.) participant of a procession

’C'U baral ' (ped.^f!/.ba r /' at ) N ;f; ,ot

* (ped.) cheque I*' If oi/.barat-*
•a’ddqdh bar thakh’-t ahoo prov. lovers are
penniless true love goes unrewarded
shab-barat', ^^^shab-e ban'' at,
lai Iat-Ul bard" at n.f. (see under^N .F. it)

[~A^3

MU biraj’man adv. (dial.) sitting (on
* throne, etc;) tjfcl l/i/.birajmdn ho'na
v.i. (dial.) sit ; be seated ; grace
jj\/ t bira'dar n.m. 'fcjnother cousin (dis*

9 all

tant) relation J \J?'j)Ubira'iir~* akhja'fl
n.m. half-brother (i.e. onebom of same mother
but different father) J^jji(bira'dar-t haqiqt
n.m. brother ; own brother ft l kjjrkbira'dar-t
riza" 1 n.m. foster brother»j(/jil/. bira'dar-za'dah
n.m. nephew ; brother’s son ‘$fr*jji/,bira'dar-t
‘ala' Ci n.m. step-brother ; brother descended
from same father but different mother
birs’dar-kush adj. & n.m. fratricide
bira'dar - ku'shi n.f. fractricide {ft^J^bira'dar-e
nis'bati n.m. brother-in-law ; wife’s brother or
sister’s husband 2> \ji!/ t bira'dar’nah adj. bro-
therly ; fraternal adv. fraternally^ U bira'dari
n.f. outer family circle kith and kin
brotherhood ; fraternity group ; coterie

[P]

Q)\ybura'dah n.m. filings sawdust

^iPjj'bndklst n.m. broadcaster^.

brad'kasting n f. broadcasting [E]
j \j baraz! n.m. faeces ; stool ; motion

baul-o baraz' n.m. excrement of bowels and
bladder [A]

I j[/biraz' n.m. single combat challenge
‘ton [A~JU]

£?jjlj/'bar-afrokh’tafi adj. (of person)

' enraged ; in a fit of passion (of
fire, etc.) enkindled [P ~ j*. -ft
l*if/buraq' n.m. lightning horse (i.e. the

* quadruped on whose back the Holy Pro-
phet journeyed during Ascension [A] #

jbarraq' (ped. barraq') adj. shining d'di*'

* sifed' burraq' adj. very white milk
white [A

Jb\J bar-a'mad n.f. (n..&b.l/bar-amadaf)

* export land thrown up v by a river
recovery recovered property coming up

coming out exit *Als m bar-a' madah adj.

exported recovered thrown up by river
(P~«<out-|- *>lcome) x

fjfl/baram'dah n.m verandahe J'Ubaram dt

* tneft adv . on the verandah [Pg~LorPg

~P]

/J I / bur' rah adj. of sword, etc.) cutting ,
sharp [P]

1*1/ barra’na v.i. talk in one’s sleep rave
(in delirium)

t*j/ bar' ana v.i. (of hope) come true

prove mort than a match (for) (-P-/4 +

etff\

$ 1 /

jh/.

n.f. branch [£]
batah'di n.f. brandy [E]

bar-abeekh' tah adj. roused ; awa-

** kened stirred up*, excited
erect enraged vSz—STi/. bar-abstkh' taK
kar'na v. rouse stir up incite
cnto&tyZ^l-tbar abgtkh'tah ho'n a v.i.
rouse stir up be incited be ajraged ;
fall into a fit of passion [P ~ ]

0^1 baxa'himah n.m. pl. Brahmins [A~S

SING.]

M/I/ barahik' n.m. (pl. of if)

(^1/ bara"at (preferably to be written as
^ C-fJ^N.F. acquittal [A~ i}J.\

$ U bbra‘*i N - F - badness evil vice
mischief wickedness harm ; wrong
adverse comments t/£j l/,£~se bura'i kar’na
v.t. harm ; do wrong to lb*l/fy,(Jt/.bura'‘i
par ka'mar buftdk'na ph. be bent upon, mischief

i'/'t) U /”’?*■' pi'dik* ( ki ’ si **)

bjira'H kar'na ph. backbite (someone) [~ U

adj. -*]

£,

^ J j bars’’ e adv. for on account of ;

owing to ; by reason of for the sake
of in order to ; with a view to ; to the end
that Ctf^ilbara'e bait ’ adv. nominally ;
cursorily just a little not enough 1
bars” e khitda’ adv. for God’s sake fl'^l/bara”e
nam' adv. nominally ; cursorily just a
little not enough [P]

(, I J bars' ya n.f. (ped.) creation ; creatures
•* * people [A ~ sing, v/]

M bar-bad' adj. ruined ; destroyed ; laid
* waste wasted squandered flung
to the winds ty t^ybar-bad' kar'na v.t. des-
troy ; ravage waste ; squander fling to
the winds I’^L^bar-bad' ho' ns v.i. be ruin-
ed ; be destroyed be wasted ; be squander-
ed be flung to the winds (fjjty.bar-ba'di N.F.

ruin destruction ravage waste
loss [P~/on+ .>1 wind] j

tyjburbTira'na V.T. (same as CO.ic]

L *V// barbariy'yat n.f. barbarity [A—.//*
•* * * Berber]

jx)/ bar'bat n.m. a' kind of harp ; duckharp

4 *[-43

&i/. bar't n.m. fast as kept by Hindus (8]

t >> Va N.M. power courage ability

* support tig!/2</,birU par usftfca/iaa v.i.
pride oneself on the’support (of)

kis bir'te pa tat'ta ps'tn PROV. why this vain
. show ?

1^/ bar' tan n.m. vessel ; utensil

^Jjba’ratns v.T. use put to use treat

* try know by experience Lt ’^bart'na

v.t. didi out cause to. use ji'^bartt’o

n.m. treatment behaviour conduct

practice intimacy usage

barta'o kar’na v.L treat ; behave (towards)
/JAAaC/bartk kanvroV n.m. birth control [E]

iPfaf fyj^birj’ bkasha, idaf &/birj’ bha ka N.F.

* mediaeval dialect spoken in eastern
U.P. in India in the area now called Mathura,
then known as ‘biij’ or cowshed of Krishna
fc/bVr'j n.m. (pl. tJ'barooj) tower

* turret bastion sign of the zodiac
bur'ji’ n.f. turret [~A]

bir'jis n.f. breeches [E]

birjis' n.m. Jupiter [P]'

J bar' (bha n.m. spear lance javelin
V * (fabar'diJu n.f. small spear dart
t!U^y,bar^Aait n.m. lancer

baxkhsst' n f. sacked dismissed
discharged removed (of
court! rising up (of meeting) adjourned
barkhast' kar'na v.t. dismiss
discharge remove from office (of meeting
break up (of court) rise for the day (of
Assembly) adjorn tjr«S» |, fe^ barkhast' ho’na v.i.

. be saked be dismissed be discharged
j rise for the day breakup adjoum i ptr>.
barkhas'tagi n.f. dismissal discharge

recall removal breakirig-up dissolu-
tion adjournment [P]

barkhurdar’ n.m. (euph. for)

son lad adj. enjoying long life
and prosperity [P]

x yJbUrd SL’F. requisition borne taking
* away n.f. checkmate owing to loss of all
pieces save king (P .

fyjbard n.f. striped shawl J kjj. burd-t yarns' ni
Vf. striped Yemen shawl [A]
jli^bar-dar’ suf. carrier bearer (£>«/•
' bordari suf. carrying transport (F~

P0U..J

09

bar-dasht' n.f, endurance pati-
ence tolerance resignation
iar Jsfht' kar'na v.t. brook ; bear ; endure ;
tolerate bar-dasht ' ho'na v.x. be

tolerable be endured ; be brooked
bardask'tah affixed raised removed '^hs.

Ijf^lsbardzish' la-khz' tir ho'na v.i. t be disgust-
ed be frustrated [P ~y. up -hi^thave]

x/burdbar ' adj. forbearing ; enduring

* tolerant patient meek (Jj\jS.btird-
bn'rt n.f. .forbearance ; endurance

patience toleration ; bearing of a burden

[P]

Ijy bar' dak n.m. (arch.) slave woman

‘abducted or^ person kidnapped for being
told as slave iTj/t-idba/da-firosh' n.m.

(arch.) slave dealer trafficker in women and
children#*^* bar'da-Jird’shi n.f. (arch.)
slave trade trafficking in women and
cfcildreA

fj//bar'takh n.m. partition purgatory

(Jjybar't* m ft. street quarter (of town)

tfyba'ras n.m.. year <J> ba' raidin' he

din ph. at this annual festival (fy.bar'sl
NX death anniversary (rare) any annual
commemoration

4^1 Sybarszt’ n.f. rainy season ; the rains ly^J.

bars a' H n.f. -raincoat ; makintosh

open-sided room on top of house patio adj.

of rainy season flooded by rains [
Jy/SJMr sar-e kar adj. employed

engaged in business [P~y +s"+ jV\
fy/'ba'rosna v.i. rain (fig.) pour a
torrent of invective ba'ras par'na

v.i. begin to rain (fig.) give (someone) a
piece of one’s mind l l^barsa'na v.t. cause
to tain shower down pour down
winnow

fyjjbar'ruk n.f. cutting ; sharpness [P]

CU 6 ** * n.m. brush [EJ

Jtfifybarshagal' n.m. rainy season ; the rains

t u* \'ras n.m. leucoderma [A]

^rJ'barta’nijah n.m. Britain (f)lk/,bartsn’ ft adj.
** * British [A~ E]

k£JJb«r’f h.v. or f. ice snow adj. ice-
‘ cold snow vihiicty&tbrffpqh' adj.

snowcapped l i'JJj'bar'f par'na v.t. snow IjfCt/.
barf ho'na v.i. ‘ (of thing) become ice-cold
be benumbed jli^barfa'hl adj. Very cold
ice ; icy snowcapped [P]

‘Jybar'ft n.f. white toffee [~ prec.]

•*

lyjbar'q n.f. electricity lightning
(arch.) firing^ iy.barq-ab' n.f. hydroelectri4
cityJ.L*V barq-abt adj. hydro-clcctriqjUlf/bar'i;
atidaz’ n.m. musketeer sentinel (**&>-*
bar'q-paima' n.m. electrometer y. io/bar' q-za’ dak
adj. struck with lightning y/ojMr’q-^r’ n.m.
conductor Qjbar' q-nUma n.m. electroscope
JS'bar'q * adj. electric ; electrical jjjj.bar'qi
rau n.f. current; electric current
bar'qi sho’a’' n.f. flashlight &iMj/barqi 'ilaj'
n.m. electropathy &yjS.bar'q I maul n.f.
electrocution „ &jjS.bar'qi qiv'vat n.f. elect-
ricity barqi 1uvana"t n.f. electric

cnctgyj^djy, bar'qi laimp n.m. electric lamp
bar'qi maq'naHs n.m. electromagnet
bar'qi mo' tar n.m. electric- motor I'itJ,
barqa'na v.t. clectrify*£'lv. barqiyyal' n.f.
electrology electricity ^iarjiyjaA N.M.

electron [A] f\

*>JMr' q<? n.m gowped U]®
‘veil ; ‘burqa’ (;are) veilfc fjfft. | J |k

bur'qa ‘ posh’ adj. & n.f. veiled 1 djlB
(wojnan) [A] WVZ

&V bar’ hat (ped. ba'rakat) n.f. (pl. &WA
barakal ) auspiciousness good

fortune blessing abundance prosperity

(euphanism for) nothing ; nil ; nought»s/vJ
bar'kat de'na v. (of God) bring good for-
tune (of God) vouchsafe abundance

(dUl. bless [A]

{yybi’rakna, I'l^birbiira’na v.T. add a pinch

Ipj (ybar'kha n.f. rain £Z>j\ ^J.bar'kha rat n.f.

/ rainy season ; the rains [ ~ S]
i Jybargn.M. leaf petal provisions
‘for journey jLj*J/.barg-o-bar' n.m.
leaves and fnfiit (of tree) provisions prftv
perty ij j h/s.bar'g-o naoa ph. provisions Jpf
gaUbar'g n.m. petal ; rose-petal
jfjbar’gai n.m. banyan

qjyjJbaT-gk&'dah adj. _ chosen elite
** elect saintly Jj>iu,bar-guzi' dagl N.F.

saintliness being respected [P~^up+
fjfjychaose]

/ Jt jL/j.barg&smati n.m. armour (for hone or
V-r wider) |P1

m

'•^bar-gash' iagi n.f. /iisgust renun-

ciation TC\olt^M/,bar-gash' lak adj.
disgusted (person) rebel [P~

t^bar'ma n.m. drill auger gimlet It/.

barma'na v.t. drill (fig.) pierce
/py*/'bitr-~noofi'hi n.f. ugly person eye-
sore forbidding countenance cat

adj. foul nasty

/• )j>ba'ran n.m. (rare) figure face looks

*fS]

yj» barns’ n.m. youth adj. young Jiybarna’i
51. F. youth ; youthfulness [P]

biritij ' n.m. rice brass gJ.birift’ji
adj. brass ; brazen n.f. small nail [P]
bar' n.f. name of a musical mode

Ij^bir'nS n.m. plant sapling

£j\.jb£horihaT bit'va ke chik'ne chik'ne
*t v v

pat! prqv. a precocious child shows the man
inside him,

fyl/'buroaj' n.m. (pl. of Sybyr'j n.m. *)

l **<m > bur 00' dal n.f. coolness coldness

/j chilliness [A] „

Jtb/brreg' n.m. separation JjS. biro’gi N.m.

'separted lover (Jjui biro' gan n.f. separat-

ed beloved grass-widow
jf/pJ bgjroo' maitd' adj. lucky ; fortunate
^prosperous ; thriving [P]

; / birooti adv, out ; outside externally

~*fp~ J4^C<?NTR.]

fjbat'rah n.m. kid lamb also

bar'ra-e Ja'lak) Aries [P]
tjbi'rsh jsJbir'hs N-. separation of lovers
* (rare), song describing pangs of separa-
tion (/Aj^/.bi'rah ki mart, tfj.bir’han N.F.
woman separate from her beloved
i/bor’hs n.m. channel for passage of water
* 'from well 10 field ; aqueduct
l^jnfburfrsn' n.f. (Pi- rfUbaraftin) argu-
* merit cause ; reason proof mani-
festation (A]

bar-ham adj. ( annoyed ; upset dis-
1 blcased ; angry in a mess disorder-
ed : troubled dar'-ham bar' -ham adv, ,

topsy-turvy upset : in a mess confused
jumbled troubled (/Ubar'-hami n.f.
annoyance } vexation anger ; displeasure
confusion ; upsetting anarchy lP~y.+(Cj
[/‘jbatah'wa n.m. supreme Hindu deity
4 Brahma fobarahm ' frrf. of Brahma

braAm-fhsri n.m. (dial.) celibate [S]

/ tjf, /. barah'man (or in P construction
bar’ human) n.m. Hindu priest

high caste of Hindus ; Brahmin

m

iffy baraih'nagi n.f. nakedness

nudity bareness obscenity shame-

lessness J^ybaraih' -nah (rare bar'hanah ) adj.
naked nude bare obscene shame-

less [P]

{fV, bir’/n, adj. (of bread) inlaid with minced
meat, etc. and fried tyjJlfS.bir'hi ro'fi
n.f. such* bread ; salt pie
Ififj^barofhs n.m. vestibute

)Jj, ba'ri n.f. groom’s wedding gifts to bride
V

ba'ri adj. acquitted released
exonerated free ; absolved

b ariy y-uz.-z.im' mah adj. free from blame

free from obligation absolved of responsi-
bility unaccountable ; not responsible &!/.
bariy'yat n.f. acquittal release exonera-
tion [A]

^Jbar'fi adj. land ; of land *J.barrly' yah n.m.
land force [A ~ l/.J

(Jl^bir’yafi adj. parched grilled , broiled
" roast ; roasted JJt/btrya'ni n.f. multi-
coloured) rice cooked ip A soup ; sophisticated
variety of ‘pulao’ [P«T^roast]
gfjbariy'yat (me sMnriy'yah) n.f. (pl.iU
** bara'ya) creation ; creature (see also
under ba'ri adj. ★) [A]

J/jbarW N.M. (ped.) messenger runner
** * courier postman tmJpk^/Jbaaii-t Ja'lak

n.m. (fig.) Saturn [A]

barih' adj. high ; lofty sublime adv.

* at this ; thereupon thjn JP.f-K^O
jFjt'bart'sham N.M. (CONTR. ~

c- *

y, bur n.m. banyan

bar R.F. brag ; bosttt ; bowt-
*ful talk tall story tijfj'.bar-
bo’lz n.m. braggart adj. boastful ;
bragging fjjiiyt.bar-bo'lapun n.m.
boastfulness ; bragging Crfr.bar hsttkns, UP/
bar’ lags’ m v.i. boast ; brag
Ifya'ra (dial .L(bar'ra) n.m. (usu. as Pt.) pulie-
"pie jJyjfyda'to ba’rr n.m. pl. pultc-ptcs
served in curds

ly'ba’ra adj. (f. tff.bari) old elder

eldest large : big huge senior

superior chief supreme rich _ res-
pectable noble • grand<pt

bn' ia bol age a la hai prov. pride goeth be-
fore a fall vain boasts are liable to be ex-
posed OjJj_iyba'Td bol bol'na v.j. boast ; brag
I'A ji fyha'ra Hr' mar'na PH. (iron.) achieve
a lot accomplish nothing y)j\/,ba'ra din n.m.

(dial.) Christmas long day adv. much
daytime left IVfr^Aj’.ba'ra di'dah ho'ni ph. be
saucy—^Ul^ia'ra snhb n.n. (col.) ‘burra sa’b’ ;
big boss fy/lir.ba'rd ko"i,\ dj. (iron.) clever

skilful wicked ; sly Jk \*J. ba'ragkar n.m.
spacious house (fig.) rich or noble family
(iron.) gaol re gkar' k\ sair'
karri nit j»h. jail ; send to gaol; put behind
bars j^ba't a gkar rind n.m. rich or noble
family V/fVfyba ra nani kar'nd Pit. famqjjW-5<
[?j*~^Vba'rt bol' ks sir' m'dfd • prov. pride
goeth before a fall^Aa'rj, J ^Aa'n bi" n.f.

grandma (title of respect for) old woman
A'iAaVr also n.m. pl. big people big
bosses the Big (one) elder ^y^iibn're

mi'yah n.m. (title of respect for) old manfclUfe/.

iiVrfy'i’jfol&JZs'b a'rt mi'yafi so ba're
mi'yan tJAo'u mi'ysk sibhrin-aUah prov. the
senior was just bad, the junior is much worse
jfabara'i n.f. greatness magnanimity
superiority excellence bulk huge-
ness boast ; vaunt praise exaltation
exaggeration bar ri'-i kar’nd v.i.

brag ; boast ; vaunt parisc ; extol ex-
aggerate ' >

y^bai/bar n.f. chatter; prate 1 'J^y.bar'bar
‘kar’nd v.i. prate : chatter cfjt>%%bar'bar
lag a rakk'na v.i. prate ; chatter rant
i£Sl bar bart/jm n m. chatterbox
*/Jybltr'bur n.f. murmur grumbling

birbirrini v.i. mutter murmur

grumble

ijTj/kirbkas n.f. youthful lust in old age
I *l ^x/^.burbahas lag'na v.i feel such lust
j>^y,bnrk»pa n.m. pld age senility [ -

>J>0

\jtb, bafkn3 v.i. advance moveforward
rise swell grow increase stretch
expand exceed surpass thrive ;
prosper rise (in social position) of
kite) fly higher (of lamp) be put. out
(of shop) be closed (of dining-table) be

cleared be surplus (of profit) be yield
ed£j>%baikke adv. out (do) forward
exceeding limits in behaviour or talk
CJy. baik bark' ke bol'na v.i. brag ; vaunt
barko’tari n.f. gain profit surplus
prosperity increment advancement
increase; enhancement £\j&barh.o'na v\.t.
advance ; put forward augment ; increase
enlarge expand extend ; lengthen
aggrandize amplify promote ; elevate
praise ; eulogise exalt clear (dining-
table) put out (lamp) close (shop)
fly (kite) higher take off : changeCt«/.>*>->•^- ,

doodh ! barka'na ph. wean jb&,bar'ka"o n.m.
projection swell (fj'.barh.'ti adj. increas-
ing ; enhancing growing rising more
than usual n.f. excess surplus if%barh.'ya
adj. superior quality : of good quality
cjlass posh

jj t Jba\ka"i n.m. carpenter
.b

L JPj*bitrkiya n.f. old woman (rus.)
** * mother hag ^jbirkail N.F. hag [ -
[r*J.]

^j^bari n.f. (pi . ijlj'bar'yah) sundried pulse-
dough for stewing ^

y^bltl n.f. .goat akh’fash n m.

dunce (f/y.buz-e ko'ht n.m. mountain goat
buz dii adj. & n.m. chickenhcarted (per-
son) ; coward . dastardly (person) (jjri.blz-di'li
n f. cowardice ; dastardliness [PJ
jiy,bozz3z' (col. bazat') n.m. draper ; cloth-
merchant ULr! bazriza n.m. (slang) doth-
mzrkct(fJtt bazrizi n'.f. (slang) drapery [A]
dybbzur’g adj. aged venerable great
noble n.m. old man (one’s)
elder saint religious preceptor, (usu.
pl.) ancestors gentleman (jC'Jjj'.buzir'g-
ma'nish adj. magnanimous j \Jjjr bqz irg-var'
n.m. saint (one’s) elder gentleman

bizir'gi n.f. greatness grandeur

eminence old age [P]
f/iboz'm n.f. association meeting

• company social gathering
^birzari imp. strike slay behead
"charge 1‘Juiy.bi-zari kar'nd v.t. strike
slay behead put to the sword charge [F

'rrbas adj. enough , sufficient plenty
* abundant adv. in short and so int.
hah ; stop enough ; no more (jftjtbas'
has int. no thank you, no more of it

meeting

behead
strike
charge [P

•s

stop, stay halt ^J^M^ibas had' ho get l ph.
stop, this is the limit Wjjf.it ribas dtkh! liya ph.
you have (or it has) been exposed ft bas'
kat’na v.j. stop ; cease end ; close'
finish az bas'-keh adv. whereas
a lthough tit) i&'basa auqat' adv. many a
time often ; generally • very frequently
|f mostly ; generally [P]

n.m. control power. authority 1
sway ; influence ; contro\Qf(J? has' chal'na
v.i. have power (over) avail (against)

(/h (jibas'meh under control ; under one’s
thumb ilttjjtbas' met a ns, Vfy£<j!bas' mefi
par'nn v.t. fall into the clutches (of) ; come
under the control (of) bas' men rakk'ns

v.t. keep (someone) under control
bos' meh kar'na v.t. overpower control
subdue ; subjugate [E] .
t/fbas n.f. omnibus \ii%(/.bas pa'karna v.t.
catch the bus tfyjl >*&{/! bas men savar' ho'na
v.t. get into the bus JEj

/jt bis n.m. venom \pijfbis u'galna v.t. spit
^ venom say spiteful things tyf/ibis' bo' ns
v.i. create trouble ]/f<jibis' bha'ra adj. (usu.

». form) venoptous malicious ; spiteful
virulent if* bis' ki pur'ya , iffyi/bis' ki

ga& malicious or spiteful person

devil mischief-monger i

*/l ^Jbisa'n n.m. (correct but little used spelling
/of J’Lfti.u. it)

IjL^bita’ra n.m. seed loaned out on condition
*of double payment after crop [ - toll.]
t j[^bisar , nav.T.(Ke underwit)

^ Jbisat ' v.r. capacity ; capability chess-

* board ybLtQl/IUsM bisat' k kya ph. what

can he do ? ; he has no power bisat'

S’lapia rtf. end (someone’s) power spell
(someone’s) ruin be upset ; come to an end

/ftjbufa n.m. (morejjoirectly but
W rarely spelt as jt^pedlar ;
huckster

S^basflatxx. bravery , courage

"[A]

lAjba-sa'n-e adv. like ; in the
^ manner of[P~ <r -fcfb'like]

Ct Jbcstf na v.t. from (into a State) build

* (city) colonize (land or country)
bring under plough settle (someone some-
where) (of man) ge( married have sex
relations (with wife) cause (something) to

be sented [ - U-Zcaus.]

J\rJbasatid' , bas ahdk' N.f. smell ; stink ;

fetidness

£^bas'l n.m. thing (only in) bast

. n.f. things ; articles

j£Z'j£**?bas't-o kushad' n.f. control ofaffair
t CJj<di^Lf>ljlarl/a'b~e bas't o-kushsd
n.m. PL. those at the helm of affairs [P^V
bind-fcbli^open]

bust sh’ , (jC^/ bos’ tafi n.m. garden
orchard [P]

bis' tar (col. bis' tar a) njl bedding fojZd

' tt-ActfjCigy&bis tor (or bis'tara )

bi&ha'na (or laga'na or 'kar'na ) v.i. do the

F/Z/Mimsf

, 2^ bis' tar (col. bis' tar a) NJC bedding fojZd

' (i-ActfjCigy&bis tor (or bis’tara )

bi&ha'na (or laga'na or kar'na) v.i. do the
bedding bis' tar baf.d n.m. hold all

(%$)to*b<J&bis'tar (or bis'tara) batidk’na (or
gol' kar'na) v.i. roll the bedding (fig.)

I qu^ ; leave for good [P]

I jp^bas'tagi n.f. lack of gaiety constipa-
I tion ; costiveness congelation ; congeal-
I ment [foll. P~]

I bas' tarn n.f. covering for cage case

I ” for musical instruments fP~^*%bind)

I %rfbas‘tah n.m satchel bundle xw jw
I bufease adj. frozen ; con-

I gealed tied ; bounduhs^bas'ta- / )^|

I bardar' n.m. recordcanier ; servant
I carrying (boss’s) papers [P ~ VKsc.f*tSnf\x y
| /f^bas’H n.f. any peopled place ; /yXXhjf
I * village ; town ; city CCtiffbas'a basa’na
I v.i. colonize a place have a new settle-
] ment (~ - ]

| y^ba'-sdr (ped. £«-w')adv. passed; come
1 ' * to a close ; spent readily ba'-sar
I kar'na v.t. pass ; spend ba'-sar ho'na v.i,

1 pass ; spend ; come to a dose^Sf^*^ ba-sa'r-t
I t &ash'm adv. readily by all means

I (,* ^Jbi'sar'na, bi'sarja’na v.t. ft I. for-
I ■'* get be forgotten ; slip out of memory
I IjLjbisar’na v.t. forget &$>*. bkooti bis’ri adj.

I long-forgotten (J^bisra na v.t. put of mind
l cause to forget

I ^.Jbos't n.m. expansion ; detail (usM only
I * xt^hJttytshar'h-o beas't n.m. detailed ex-
I position [A]

I \jfifebiskhap'ra n.m. at kind of some-
I what large venomous lizard name of

I a grass-like, drug ; polypody [~

1 Jktlfj bis'm-illa h adv. in the name of God int,

1 f watch it ; mind it ; don’t fall down
* welcome ; hail n.f . beginning ; com-

113

mencement

child’s

opening (ceremony)
first lesson on first admission to school Jj\

m-illa'h-ir-raftma'n-ir-ahlm' ph. (for-
mula preceding all but one chapters of the
Holy Quran ; In the name of th ( e most Merci-
ful, most Bountiful God l "/Xiifib is'm-illah
kar'na v.i. begin (at table) be the firjt to
start eating commence
bis'm-illah kt gttm'bad meti bank'na ph. be
complacent ; be selfsatisfi^d act like a
simpleton [A ~ w +(*' i+ £> i]

^y^bismil n.m. & adj. victim ; sacrificial
animal chagrined (lover) wounded
(victim) l’SjK > 6is'mil kar'na v.t. immolate
wound lover’s heart) [A - prec.J
faJbas'na v.i. settle inhabit -dwell;

' reside ; .abide live in husband’s home
have sex relations with him (also
met bos' na) be scented with
£j^basaM' n.f. early spring festival of
Hindus name of a musical modtfy&M
basalt' phool'na v.i. (of mustard flowers)
blossom in early spring grow pale ; have a
yellowish colour 0 kkon men
basalt’ phool'na ph . be' dazzled
basal' ft adj. yellow
| tjfJbisoor’ns v.i. sob pre-

pare to weep put on a cry-
ing face

ilpjbaso'la n.m, axe rfrJbaso'li n.f.

• brick-axe " ! " 1

fj^bis'vah n.m. land measure
(equivalent to one-twentieth of
*bigah’\jlstj-fbis'va-dar n.m. share-
holder in coparcenary village
4 m ^j^(r'bis (or sau ) bis've adj.
surely; certainly ^^bisval'si n.f.
twentieth of ‘bisvah’

j^Jbisyar' adj. (lit.) much many
very plenty ; abundant [P]

LmJbast'ra n.m. roost; perch a night’s lodg-
ing abode roosting(U**l )Lfy~ibase'ra
kar'na (or le’na) v.i. roost base' re ks

vaq't n.m. roosting time [ -U-i]

Jp^basW adj. simple primary un-
** /nixed expansive [A ~ ]

kOi/l iZbisha’ral (col. bushs-) n.f. good news ;

glad tidings divine inspiration
ktgfl 'rat de'na v.t. convey good news ; give
dad tidings [A]

fjl Sfbashshasb' adj. hilarious ; cheerful ; in
good spirits ^iPbagfl'shat N.F. cheerful-

one-

ness ; gaiety |A)

Jifba'shar n . m . human being ; man (f^ba'shari
adj. human bashanj'yat n.f. hu-
man nature human weaknesses frailties
oHlesh and blood [A]

bush'rah (pcd. ba'sharah) n.m. face ;
countenance visage physiognomy

[A].. . .

j*2fbtshnoo' ,y^jvish'noo n.m. Vishnu ; Preser-
, ver (as one of Hindu Trinity [S]

basJHr' adj. harbinger of glad tidings
* (dail.) evangelist [A

bSjldfbasa’rat n.r. sight ; eyesight vision
mahroo'm-e has a rat, ft /t* t'-A e‘
basii' rat se maihroom' adj. blind [A—^^MJ
jfitflbasa'ir n.m. (pl. of CZ^n.f. if)

jjl) ba sar n.f. (pl. absar") sight vision
eye s*?4-be~ba'sar adj. blind un-
perceiving ; lacking foresight [A]
tubas' rah n.m. name of an Iraqi port-town
t fs*lbas'n (rare bis' ft) adj. of Basra
^Ajhasir' adj. Omniscient (as an attribute
** of God) wise prudent
£ 44 / bast' rat n f. sight insight discern-
' / ** ment prudence [A~prec.]
£if\£)biza'‘at n.f. stock-in-trade mer-
chandise capitah^t^fo'£t£'<a{ adj.
poor ; penniless incapable of anything

[A]

jjJbat n.f. duck goose swan<£j Oba't-e
mai' n.f. (duck-shaped) goblet [A]
jj’fbat 'ha n.m. a name for Mecca

vadt-e bat' ha (ped. va'dt baths ) n.m.' the
vale of Mecca [A]

bat'takh n.f. duck duckling [P]

n.m. bishop crusading

General [A~G]

(flbat'l n.m (pL.JllOlabtal) hero [A]

button' n.m. refutation abolition fA

<*J

bat'Hmoos n.m. Ptolmey (j^j^bat'Hmosl
J*"' adj. "Ptolemaic (system) [A~G]
ytybat'n n . m . {pl. tfjkJbutoon') belly ; abdo-
men womb inside (of anything)
mind bal’n sa adv. borne by ; born
of djtybutoon' n.m. pl. bailies intend!
parts wombs minds [A]

4 i^ba t 's n.m. resurrection i^ibe“sat n.f.

Annunciation (of the Holy Prophet)

M

114

apostleship [A]

adv. after; afterwards subsequent
ly liter since pref. post (J^ l ^ba' , d
az-stt' adv. afterwards after that—

Wd azjghg' adj. post-war adv. after the war
bat'd st adv. ever since./!— r$i£/<U*>
ba“d az khars bi-t bisyar' ph. with great
difficulty having had to eat the humble pie
y.Cbt 'l)sjlj*>ba t 'd az ■ sal am va'zeff ho ph.
(arch.) (formula used as opening lintof letter;
after salutation be it known . >/ , )luMba"d

az marg' va'-vai'la prov. crying over spilt milk
tv* ba' 'd-ahmaut' adv after death

‘post mortem’ £j*fba ( 'do-hoo adv after that

IM

n.m. distance ; remoteness; difference
(i^^L^bo’jHil-mashrtqain' n.m. radical
difference ( bo'd-il mashriqain'
ho'na ph. (be)"poles asunder [A]

^^bat’z adj. some a few certain [A]

tyu^bagh'lch baja'na v.i. be overjoyed
be happy over (someone's) downfall mock
(someone) £PkfJd*!bag\\'ltn jhaftk'na v.i.
feel ashamed ; hang one’s head in shame ;
look from side to side in • discomfiture be
non-plussed look blank or foolish

sjjnlai'ka ba'gbal men dk&ndo'ra shaih'r men
ph. much ado about nothing (fibagh 'll adj.
of armpit side (room) ; ante (chamber)
n.f beggar’s sack trick in wrestling
bagh'Ji lak'y ah n.m. long, pillow for sides
L^S&bagh'ti ghooft’ss, JZtfibagf'ti dUstiman
n.m. enemy in disguise , hidden enemy ;
friend turned foe fP]

baghloi' n.m. simpleton dullard ;
dunce ballot’ n.m. repect-

^ble-I coking fool

tfibaQ 'y n.f. transgression disobedience

t9 W

[fijbafa n.f. scurf ; dandruff

j^jdba'id' adj. distant ; far remote
batl'd az ‘ aq’l adj. improbable

not rational ifOtJl^fibaH'd az qiyss' adj.
inconceivable improbable (A~ J*! j

baths’ oat n.f. revolt ; rebellion

* mutiny disobedience defiance
recalcitrance [A]

t’pbbagi'latan adv. suddenly ; all of a sudden
J(A]

bd$h'Aah (ped. ^bUq'Aak) n.m. bundle
y * small bundle tied in a piece of clo t
[~T]

ijjjbugh'da n.m. heavy chopping
‘^knife ; cleaver

j6^bu$h'z n.m. spite malice
^ grudge* hatred ani- ^ , r ...
mosity Jftfbug'z HUa'Iil un-
reasonable hostility [A] 0

iS^baf^al n.f. armpit sidey^.di/7 ba'ghal

* ka Am' ph. favourite turned enemyt^Vj^V
io'jh at gar m kar'ta v.t. embrace '(lover

or behaved), condescend to have sexual
relations ba'ghal-gaiid' n.f.
stinking armpits I'riyJ&ba'ghal-glT
kt'na v«t. hug embrace (for
salutation) 1*1 tj^t/iba'^tal men
dabs' it a V.T * conceal (something)
under armpit (fig.) carry (some-
thing) off deceitfully ba'gbaf meh U'na

v. hug embrace be taller thin (someone)

yP baqa n.f life existence conti-
nuance permanence fij^Aejbaqa'-e davam
N.F. everlasdngness immortality
baqa’-e as'lah n.f. survival of the fittest [AJ
Atybaqqal' n.m. grocer ^greengrocer

* petty shopkeeper (A ~ )

^ baqa y a n.m. dues arrears remain-

** „ der balance [Arsing. U)]

Jk bUq'Aah n.m. (same as^N.M. if)

9 #♦

j^a) ba'qar Id' n.f. sacrificial festival ; Mus-
** * lim festival of Zilhij 10 in commemora-

tion of Abraham’s sacrifice [~ A^cows-t-x^’
‘Beiram’]

bkqrat n.m Hippocrates (A~G]

buq'ah n.m. distinct patch (of land) ; pro-
* minent spot noor' n.m. dazz-

ling light luminous spot [A]
i \&baq'l,J>>baq'lahK.f. (ped.) vegetable
potherb g/^baqlal-Ql-liamga' n.f. purslane
(A)

rfibaqi 1 ', tfdt&Zjan'nal-Ut-baqi*' n.m. the
sacred Madina graveyard [A|

jjQbaqiy'yah n.m. "t remainder arrears
clues balance baqiy'yat-us-saif' ad]

survivors of war, etc (A- \a) ]
tybuka n.f. weeping wailing lamenta-
* tion #)tfa'h ‘0 bCika' n.f lamentation
moaning IA]

115

£

iHo^baia'rat n.f. virginity ; maidenhood
Cjj&JIJ i tzs'la-t baka'rat N m (woman’s)
first sexual intercourse [A]

$$)bika'oo adj. on sale • for sale sale-

J able venal

jCtJ bika' va! (or out) n.m. head cook , chef
butler steward [A]

( yjii.bakc ' ’oil (or bak&'vali ) coveted legen-
dary flower legendary princess who

is the heroine of a well-known romantic tale

‘Gul Bakavali’ <jS^(/gul bakn'oh nm_ this

lagendary flower

(Zjty baks" in n.m. a kind of tree
j ‘raelia sempe virens'

bak -bak, -jhak t

* * m jfc^?bak'-bak jkak-jkak

N.r. chatter ; babble ; gabble prat- — C

tie \ZfiXLSbak' -bak kar'na v.i. talk idly; prate
babble ; gabble

fr^bak'ba'ka adj. (dial.) vapid : insipid

bak'tar N.m. armour cuirass-*->£^
bak'lar^batid adj. armoured (vehicle, or
to\<Her)j^d^i bak' tar- posh adj. clad in armour
n.m. cuirassier^^yy zi'reh bak' tar n.m. ( soldier’s)
defence zquipmcnt()frClliCty£jJ(zi'reb bak' tar
laga'na (or) bahdk'na v.Y.’ put on armour fP]
J*/ blik'ta n.m. handful clawing
*■» blik'ta bkar'na v.t. claw

N.P. virginity . maidenhood [A^

l/W* mk 'las n.f. idle talk chatter

prattle damn lie silly stuff
incredible yarn loquacity . garrulity
talkativeness bakva'si n.m idle talker

chatterbox lier adj. talkative [ -
bik'rm ]

l*^bi'kkarna v.t. be sea tt •'red be dis-

persed of hair) be dishevelled &
hakhet'na v.t scatter sow disperse

bakht'ra x m. dispute ; quarrel fix-
awkward or difficult situation vexa-
tious point difficulty trouble

complication contention (usu. undesir-

able means I’tyfyfbakke'ra chuk'ana v.t. settle
a dispute . stop a quarrel tits bakke'ra dal’na *
v.t. create a difficulty raise a dispute
complicate matters bakke'rtya adj.
quarrelsome contentious troublesome

difficult (person) n.m brawler mis-
chiefmonger

/j bak’kl adj. talkative n.m chatterbox
V prater braggart lier [ - tf'bak’na]
jssbigar' n.m. 1*1(5 bigar'na v.t (see under'
v.f. if)

> kr bag'-tut adv. at full gallop . very fast

gar n.m. (flour of) ric

: v >cen

5'ta n.m. rice-meal &>J J ba'gar lit ro ' ti
n.f, rice-meal bread

bi'garna v.i. go out of order be out
of gear be damaged be impaired

be disfigured become debauched or vicious
lose modesty be enraged rebel ; revolt
deteriorate be spoilt , be spoiled Cjjjf
hi' gas baithiia v.i be displeased ; take offence
unpleasantness estrange-
ment discord quarrel enmity
bad blood deterioration harm damage
yifj&tf meh biga?' da/'nii v.t. cause un-
pleasantness sow seeds of discord create
bad-blood . create misunderstanding 1*5$
higar'na v.t. mar spoil bungle
damage injure ruin disfigure 5

s , bigar'na v.t. displease jj£> biga'rafn.u one
who spoils a show etc. clumsy or ill-intention-

< cj worker

bi'gal n.m bugle [ - E corr.)

Jjtfjbag '/a ‘N. m. crane , heron adj. very white
bha'gat n.m, hypocrite l/>
bago'ya n.m. (W. dial.) evil-s peaking

lampoon [corr. of. P -ft)/]

I / bak'ra n.m he-goat
■** n.f. goat she-goat

i$£ bak'ri

n.f. goat sne-goat
(JJ^ bik'n n.f. sale [ - C? bik'na]

bak' $ (col. bat's a) n.m. box

r

bi'kasna v.i.

blossom wither

baksoo" a n.m. buckle [ ~ E buckle

Jtbak'frt

'kal n.m. upturn (of stoic,
shawl, etc.hiiU’Jt’tfj buk'kal
laga'na (or mar na ) upturn (stoic,

ejeO (Jf

&bUk'm adj. dumb . mute (only in
! Quranic ph. ) ^rjf’sum'mun buk'minn
and dumb unaffected tA -SlNti. Jj

talk ijily prate' prattle

deal

bak'na v.i.

talk nil
ejijfba,

ybable . gabble</lSf bakvas' n.f. if
UX bik'na v.i. be sold be disposed of b'lj*
, bikva'no' v.t. cause to be sold ; get disposed
of bikva"\ n.f. salesman's commission

gftr ka -

» w

bagoo'ls ho' ns v.i. be enraged ; fly into a

passion

IjL^bagtei,

ns v. season with freed condi-

ments ; season oagnar' n.m. season-
ing fried condiments for seasoning
tj%bag'tfa n.f. buggy light carriage
.gig horsefly

tyjf; bagte'ts n.m. young tiger name of a
Rajput tribe

n.m. strength ; vigour might
power twist contortion convulsion
wrinkle coil Vjfibal boo'ts n.m.

strength might t’i'J'ia/’ parns v.i. have
convulsive pain be curved be twisted
bal'-dsr adj. twisted coiled curved

crooked VjJfbal' dens v.t. twist en-
twine coil curl tVj [bal' khans v.i.
be twisted be .entwined be curled fret
and fume £i &\£bal nikal'ns v.t. straighten
(coil) set right punish (0^1) \^'Jbal
ni'kalns (or ktel'ns) v.i. be uncoiled
Straighten out be set right *4"Cfc bal' be int.

(iron.) bravo how unreasonable
d bU n.m. hole burrow (fig.) hideout

M n.m. bill draft legislation ; Bill
draft t\s$bil' banana v.i. draw a bill 0.
I'Jtfjlfbil'jaii kar'ns v.t. issue a draft
draw a bill dins (or ada

kar’ns) v.t. pay the bill foot the bill

I®!

fybil'l a n.m.

bat

fcbU'la NM. cat tomcat badge

t I'M*' N.F. calamity misfortune dis-
tress evil fiend undesirable consort

awful or terrible thing trial adj.
terrible : dreadful awful ; enormous
Cabals' ap'nt sir It' ns , VjJ (Jstk bats’ mol'
it'nS V.I. nvite trouble get involved in
trouble » tali' bad' tar n.f. rubbish ^
worthless stuff unhygienic eatables
bals ' t al'ns v.i be relieved of troublei-Ui^#/
mt'rl bats' js'ne ph. who cares ? it is
no concern of mine (etc.) t > jib bats' .za'dah
adj. in the grip of calamity ; struck with mis-
fortune bids' st ph. who cares? rubais'
ks adj. extreme intense; severe ex-

cessivetT^W; bats-kash adj. afflicted in-
dustrious lb, tali' -gar' dak adj. (person)

offering himself as a sacrifice for others 'jfy
balarnosh' adj. toper glutton (_>*../ J - it

bals'-e be- darmsii n.f. great calamity
unmanageable person bats’ 'eh tins v.t.

express extreme affection and concern (for)
offer oneself as sacrifice (for) ; pass one’s
hands over another’s head in token of drawing
all his calamities on oneself [A]
fy m bi-la' n.m. without un- ijl bi-la'

tkrah' adv. voluntarily ; without compul-
sion l"b bi-la ts’am'mul adv. without

hesitation ; unhesitatingly instanta-

neously ; recklessly ; rashly tji&'b. bi-la'
tahs'shs, Olf d~be tabs' shs adv. rashly

recklessly headlong excessively
bi-ls trad' did adv. without hesitation ; with-
out ; rluctance • unhesitatingly tf^bbi-is’
tasan'no ‘ adj. & adv. uneihbelished
spontaneous(ly) frank(ly) ^O^bi-ls’' lakal'luj
adv. without hesitation ; unhesitatingly
without formality C&jfr.bi-ls' tavaq'quf adv.

without delay ; without loss of time
speedily 'jjj* bi-ls' shak\ bi-ls' raib' adv.

without doubt or suspicion; doubtlessly ; un-
doubtedly unquestionably ir/a' shar't
adj. & adv. unconditionally ) absolute-
ly) ^I'tybi-la' ns'thah adv. daily regularly
constantly without intermission bi-la

vsi tab (or ped. -vs’sitah) direct directly
bi-ls 'vaj'h adv. without any rhyme or
reason [A with 4- Jf not]

jjfo bilsd' n.m. pl. towns ; cities, n.m. sing.

, country [A ~ sing. Jt ]

fj&,bals$' n.m. communication convey-

, in 8 l A] ,

£/sfybais'ghat n.f. rhetoric eloquence
[A~prec.]

^fybulsq' n.m. septum-ring

* septum

^ buls'ns v.t. eall summon

* invite convene I'lkiO'Dfl
ijlss ' buls'ns summon or convene
a meeting I'll ft bills' Is'ns V.T * fetch

I bila'va n.m. invitation Cfj\stb.buls'vs bkej'-
* na v.t. send out invitation (to)
bils'o n.m. wild cat tom-cat

* bil'ls]

^Ojbalb' n.m. bulb [E]

{bil' bit n f. (or m.) (ped. PL- 0-
bala’bil) nightingale J^lftbul'bul-
etasji'm n.m. a kind of chequered

' b ' it

(some-

[-»

chi

cloth [ ~ A]

n.m. bubble

UJUz balbala'nh v.i. (of camel) cry (or
camel) be in heat

LjJL^bi/bi/a'na v.i. sob blubber feel
uneasy ; be restless complain from

pain or grief bilbils' ith’na v.r. cry from
torturous pain

\^jJ^bi' latns v.i. get lost insist childishly

IL-f bilta'tia v.t. ruin cause to get
lost

Qf^bihi n.f. consignment bill of lading
receipt for railway consignment )Et.
dubious; prob. E~corr. of B.L.T. pr.
bre-tl-tte' abb. of Aill of fading by train)
jJ*ba'lad > tjibal'dah n.m. city town
’settlement region jlfc bildd',^ji>_ buldan'
n.m. PL. cities : towns country *ji>,
baldiy'yah n.f. municipality ; municipal
committee urban area with local self-
government baldiyyal' n.f. pl. munici-
palities ; local bodies ‘filjSbaldiyya'n adj. local
body ; municipal baldiyya'Ci ida'rak

n.m. municipal body /* \£)Jl>J'baldiyyati niiam
n.m. system of local self-government
municipal system [A]

J^/ibal'lamlair n.m. (iron. corr. of) volunteer

balasan' n.m. balsam

bilas na v.i. enjoy ; derive pleasure from

bulagha' N.M. PL. eloquent persons [A ~
S1NG.£J.)

bal'gham n.m. one of the four humours
f phlegm Jf{ bal'ghami adj. phlegmatic
generating phlegm sluggish
bat' gham mizaj' n.m. & adj. (of) sluggish
temperament |A~G]

Z&bitqis' n.f. the Sabaean queen converted
ijrCT'bi Solomon

nfLbi'lokne v.r. weep bitterly cry
*"'• persistently be uneasy or restless

demand by crying consistently wail
bilfca'na v.t. Jet child wjeep bitterly

bal’kik CR3NJ. rather on the contrary;
on the othej hand .

Uk bal’ kips. Lit tval’kiya n.m. silly boyJp^Jv
be_ bal'kiyt ka'Iah % ph.
(lovingly) begone you silly lad !

Sbal'tam n.m. lance ; spear sceptre
' staff of authority jbsJ’.bal'lam bar dir' **,«*;

lancer one carrying the staft’of authority
befoie its owner ; sceptrccarrier
J^ba'lam, 14 bal'ma n.m. lover paramour
f husband (as beloved) [ - il jj )

bill and' adj. loud high lofty

tall raised ; elevated exalted sub-
lime jlji^y.bulah'd-avai' adj. loud-voiced
Stentorian loud ^j-XJ^bulaiid'-payah adj.

exalted high-ranking i^CrdXkbhlah'd-

ahavg adj. loud high-sounding jtt/2K
bul and' -pari'ai adj. sublime ambitious

soaring high btilaftd'-parta$ N.F.

high thinking soaring ambition high
flight sublimity Jy/# bulahd hau'salah (col.
haus' lah) adj. ambitious; aspiring
magnanimous n m . high stepper J^j&.bulaiid
haus' lags (ped . hau'saiagi) n.f. magnanimity
ambition biilahd kar'na v.t. raise ;

lift elevate exalt b bland' -maglabah t

?jj&bulahd' -rut' bah adj. high-ranking
bulahd' -rut' bah log n.m. pl. the eliie (of the
the city, etc.) bulahd'- nagar ‘adj.

ambitious noble-minded bulahd' -him' -

mat adj. ambitious ; aspiring magnani-
mous bulahd' -him' mali n.f. ambition

of magnanimity 1 'fj* bulahd' ho'na v.i-
ascend be above (something) bulah'di

n.f. height elevation loftiness
stature exaltation [P]
tJfbal'vah n.m. riot tumult distur-
bance fyf'balv&'i n.m. rioter ADJ. riotous

1 . 7 * &)

buha’na v.t. send for summon

invite [~ l"ik — tfjIcAus.]

‘j^billaur’ (ped. balloor' n.m; crystal glass
adj. transparent bright (fjrfbiUau'n,
UjjL billau'rih adj. crystal ; glass trans-
parent bright [PJ
^ baloot' (ped. ballooV) n.m. (also
Jrpf&shah' baloot ') oak

^chestnut tree acorn [A] IftMr ...

££ buloogh', NM.Cftbaloo'ghat s.r.fmgj*
maturity ; majority puberty
coming of age [A]

bi'looh bi'looh n.m. hue and cry (op.
over some trouble esp. hunger)
want ; scarcity

l‘jf» bilo’na v.t. churn (jjhbilo’ni, n.f. churning
*pot

adj. (dial.) brave n.m. hero [8}

(£ll £ balik^rf adv. term of affection) offering-
oneself as sacrifice to protect (child or be-

laved)

fjbaTU n.v. prop long wooden post
long thick bamboo (for rowing or steering
hosts) jlA. bal'H-mar n.m. boatman jltybal ti-
marah' n.m. name of a well-known Delhi
street (originally known as Boatmen’s street)
n.f. cat female cat bolt
latch £y\}\ /jf.bil'h ulahg'na ph . (of cat)
crass someone’s way (fig.) be upset

io dihickk' roit ke khsb ph .
wishful flunking tyj fa bil ti ke
bfoxtgoi. chfatu ka toet'na PH. be a godsend (to
someone) (fjfibil'U lo tan n.f. spikenard ;
hyacinth (f. ~ ^ bit' la)

bcdiyyat’ n.f. (pl. of A. n.f. if)

jy^batid’ adj. & n.m. thick-skulled ; dunce ;
duffer [A]

jJ^baleA' n.m. blade : .razor blade [E]

yA^bil’yard N.M, billiards [E]

yiboH&‘ adj. (pl. UHfiiagha')

eloquent (person or style)

(Ap^Jk]

lyjljt balaik' adj. & n.m.

" * black blackmarket

marketeer balaik' mal n.m. blackmail^#
balaik me'tar "n.m. black mailer [E]

baleh'da n.M.(fj&balrfi<fi n.f. long
** bamboo ; ridge pole (fig.) tall person
J^Jf bale'lah n.f. ‘bdlariq myrobalan’

^Jmliy'yak n.f. (vl. C^Oibaliyyat') calamity
** misfortune fiend [A~ ill ]

* Abam n.f. shaft (of carriage for yoking
’ horse) uproar '£*Abam'~diakh n.f. up-
roar ; clamour t ‘\^/'fy^bam'chakh mafha'na
v.t. clamour pP] v

A bam.' N.F. bass ; deep tone jj &’ r-o-bam
I n.f. base and soprano n.m. pl. ups and
downs ; vicissitudes [P]

Kd bam N.m. bomb (fA ibam-ba'ri n.f. bombing
V/tfAfibam-ba' ti kar'na v.t. bomb (E]

LA bam'ba n.m. hand-pump tap

* fountain ; source (of river) ; waterhead

pitl-box [ ~ E pump)

tfban n.m. wood ; forest ; junglej/i^iaa bat'
n.m. banishment ; ostracism ; exile t^rfbait
bila'o n.m. wild caX^l^ban-ma'nas n.m.
guerilla ; chimpanzee
y/'bfin n.f. rcot [P]

bin n.m. son [A abb. of caused between two-
r names]

(Jibing. bina adv. without ; except ; unless
V/$\tfbin a'i mar 1 ns v.t. die a sudden
death be ruined for no cause J.-tf'dbin ja’ne
adv. unknowingly ; unwittingly flk-Aty/inJ.
bin da' mofi ghulam'jt.M. one under heavy

obligation devoted person one held in
thrall hAdl’()s‘J2A <J. bin mafi'ge

mo'H mi'lefi our msh'ge mi'Wna bhik' prov. for-
tune has its vicissitudes (JU^l^iJ.bin bula'ya
nuhmah[ ph. uninvited guest
JL-lfd* bin bula'e khuda’ ke hah bhi na'hifij a te
prov. to a wedding (or christening) go not
without an invitation aujt
if} (j^bin ro't mah bhi (bacfi'^te kofdoodk na'hth
de'ti prov. a closed mouth catches no flics ;
nothing venture, nothing gain ,

ba'na (rus.bban'na or lj%ban'ra) n.m. (F.tf 1
* bam, ban'rti(fP:ban'rl) groom ; bridegroom
bina' n.f. (pl. jA.Iab'niyah) foundation
basis root came motive origin
edifice structure (J UXi bina' bar-an

bina' bor-ifi adv. therefore owing to this
because of it I'JV, bina' kar'na v. begin ;
start ; commence u/j 0. bins' rakk'na v.t.
lay the foundation (of) give rise to [A]
lb L ba'na bana'ya adj. completed
•** * finished manufatured readymade

t 'j/lfaltflVtC' ba'na bana'ya khel' bigar'na
v.t. upset the (or someone’s) apple-cart [~U*

&b banal' n.f. p-l. daughters girl^r \5v.

bans' t-un-na 1 ’ th n.f. constellations of the
Greater and the Lesser Bear [A~ sinc.C*']

ba'na ika'na (f. yAjtba'ni ihn'ni) adj.
foppish chic „ welladorned
bans' dir n.m. bandar gaheh n.f.

* piw ports . harbours (P — sing . jjlS)

{fjb t ban a rat n.m. name of an Indian .city
* well-known for its Hindu shrines
banar'si tbag n.m. respectable looking swindler
or ‘thug’l^yytlianar'ii kap'ra n.m. brocade
I banar'si labg'ranM. a. kind of good
quality mango sub'fr* bona' rat n.m

119

120

'd-u-bast' n.m arrangement
* management system (revenue)
settlement bafi'd-o-bast-e istimra ri
n.m. permanent settlement ^*7 a fid
ro'zah bail' d-o-bast n.m. temporary settlement

[P]

+ .bafidooq' n.f. gun rifle (old use)
tA>"^musket l/fijsjjbandooq' bitar' n a v.t. load a
gun 1‘ti'JiM.babdooq’ chala'na v.t. fire a
gun fire shoot (at) bahdooq'

djkatya’na v.t. put gun to the shoulder ; whip
it ou.t baft' dooq’c fit N.M. .musketeer [T]

fj£/baii'dah n.m. 1 slave , bondsman
obedient person tjjbaii' dab ba'shar hai

prov. to err is human jj/ tj* bail' da-par' var.
j\) iXtban da-navat' adj. patron bene-
factor (respectful or iron ; mode of address)
boss cherisher of this slave of yours c
bail' da-par' van' tfjtjv/baii'da-nava'zi n f.
kindness munificence ti^jt^bart'da-e dargah'

n m devoted servant most humble servant
1 3 bail’ da-za dah n.m. one’s son (when
introducing or referring him to one's superior
\%%£ J ba1uth.'na v.t be tied stand commit-
ted be arrested fall into a trap
bahdfla’i n.f. remuneration for binding 4/%
babdhan n.m. relationship tie

baii'dkan har, jljiJ^baftdkanvar n.m. garland
hung at someone’s door by gardener on cere-
monial occasion l ^^vbaiidhva' na v.t. impli-
cate accuse cause to be bound

j}j.baii'dfU mat'ihi lakh' bora bar prov. unity
is strength

foC/biitdh'nct v.i. probe ; drive a hole in
be probed; be strun gibpj^bifidk'jana
v.i. (of pearl, etc.) be bored or strung

be aptly used bifidh.' ga'ya so

mo' d prov. whatever is done is well-done

whatever word is used is aptly used
[fat C'bundhan'ya n.m. mixture of parched
** coriander-seed, etc.

fjj/baii'di N.F. (rare) prisoner 1 ISA

bah'di kha'nah n.m. prison ; gaoI [P~ rX{]
./‘bitidl n.f. (dial.) zero; cypher

^•saffron speck (or crystal spangle for fore-
head)

()ji/batidal n.m. bundle [E]

bah'di n.f. quilted waistcoat

\^/ban‘ra n.m. , (f^sbaitri n.f. (see under 0
*n m *)

^ 7 iSbansalodian n.f. bamboo-sugar )

V •

trfban'sl n.f. pipe ; flute fishing rod

t/banaf'shah N.F. & m. violet

^^baitik (or babk) n.m. bank (for monetary
transaction)^ /$bafika'ri n.f. banking
batik’ bad labs n.m. bank balance [E]
Ifj&'brt'ter’na v.i. make noise : be noisy

Jj^baiiga'll n.f. Bengali (language)

// Bengali (citizen) adj. of Bengal

Jfi'bafig’lah n.m. bungalow a kind of
// betel-leaf n.f. Bengali language
jSbah'goo n.m. bah'gX n.f. humming top

tMban'nsv. 1. be made be constructed,

be built be manufatured be prepared
be mended be cooked be achieved

have affected manners pose i^j^ba'na

raih'na v.i. be unaltered 4ast long
prosper ; thrive remain in good state L'IJ<
banva'ns v.t. cause to be made get built
or constructed cause to prepared have
repaired have mended Jl y'.ban'va’i n.f.
remuneration for making, mending, etc.
completion ; manufacture 1

C* ban' ns v.t. weave knit OjdbZnva'ua v.t.

get woven get knitted (of chair)
have (it) caned Llsibunva’na v.t. cause to be
knitted have woven get caused
bunva i n.f. remuneration for caning
(chair), weaving or knitting weaving, knit-
ting or caning

ysbinnaut ’ n.f. club-fight fencing with
cudgels, etc. Xj>fes.bimaut' ka hath: n.m.

I (& v.t.) use a trick ©f this game
if^ba'noo n.m. pl. (same as^N.M. pl. if) [A]

j binau'la n.m. cottonseed
I

ban'ni n.f. (~ u n.m. if)

'. fba'ni (rare) Jiba'noo) n.m. pl. children
*(of) ; tribe (of) sons (of) f'sl^ba'rd a' dam

n.m. mankind ; human beings f'lrffia'm
is'ra'il n.m. Jews • childrcA of Israel ; Israelites
fA ’-smb.fc/'ij

Ui

40

121

CfJ.

[faban’ya n.m. petty-shopkeepcr petty-
ntjnded person miser usurer [~- & ]

jiJ'bQn'jad 1 n.f. foundation foundation*

** stone groundwork bas is (2 IjjOi b any ad'

dal' nil v.t. begin introduce set the

fashion U/j jL* bunyad’ rakk'na v.t. found
lay the foundation (of) lay the founda-
tion-stone tfjL} bitty a' dl adj basic ; funda-
mental bunyu'di jvmhooriy'yat n.f

Bapic Democracy’; B.D. system [P]
^i^bunyan' n.f. structure i/y^^libinya n-t
** marsoos ' n.m. reinforced structure
strong group

n.f. (dial, m.) vest

lV > »

/jptbane'p, bane' did n.f. whirling torch ,
rod lighted at both ends and used as
weapon, etc.

boo (p)n.f. smell; odour stink
scent ifj.boo' a' nav.i. stink; smell I'ljboo'
pa! ltd v.i. (of dog) scent know ; guess

jltJ.boo’-dar’ adj. stinking adorous
^ boo n.m. father possesser of endow-
ed with having -er ^IJ'j.boo' tirab’
n.m. title of Hazrat Ali boo' ‘a'li st'na

n.m. Avicenna ^UbuWajabl n.f. wonder
marvel folly Grange thing Jjib^J.bnl-fuzoor
n.m. prattler unmannerly person l J>
bul-havas' ^n.m. lustful person ; slave of
passions one false in love adj. lustful

false avaricious (f^Hj.bQl-ha'vasi n.f.
lust , pretension of love avarice
boo-qa! Imooft adj. variegated marvellous

boo-qalamoo'fa n.f. colourfolncss variety

[A]

t£boo"a n.f sister paternal aunt
(woman’s title of respect for) older female
friend

^tybavaslr' n.f. piles j^J.jrkhoo'td baoa'str
** n.f. haemorrhoids [A]

«*| j bpto&'na v.t. (rus.) cause to be sown
* get covered 1/ buva’ 't (dial. jlJ.bauar’) n.f.

seed-time sowing [ ~ l’j. bo »a)
kfZtfUb/wa’Us n.m. pl. reasons ; causes [A~

SING.

^)^J t biva”i n.f. chilblain kibe

r **' *

from

M*

one who has not suffered cannot understand
thepuffering of others

ujfjboo'bak n.m. simpleton aged tester ,

• »fool J ’

JJbo'bo N.F. elder sister old governess

fyboo'la n.m. strength ; might ; power
bal boo'ta n.m. strength ; might , power
f\) t bolam' n.m. (old use) button [ -E. cor*.]

jjfJ'bo'tal n.f. bottle liquor
bottleful of ; as much as a
bottle will contain \.'/d
bo tal meh bkar'na v.t. bottle [E]

Zjboo'tah n.m. (rare) crucible [E]

J 2 'jbo'tah , tybo'ta n.m. youAg camel |P)

. **

J\Sj t boo' Omar n m. heron [PJ t(r~^

L^jl'boot, kJsj'boobt n.m. green gram

Ifyboot n.m. shoe bootie ladies’

sandal wtyjf/'j//' boot n.m. boot [=3
Ijf'boo ta N.M. plant sapling floral

pattern (on somethingjOHjjAoo'ta sa qad’
adj. small but well proportioned statu
boote ka\h.'na v.i. t embroider work
floral patterns jUJ^Jboo'te-dar adj. embroi-
dered

24 bo'iX n.f. joint slice bf meat for serv-
ing at table l^jClfabo'ti itar’de'na v bite
off (piece of flesh) L^J^JjfJd.bo'p bo’tl
pkarakana v.i. be naughty; be fottof mischief
Ojl(Ji-^J.bo'tiysn ura'na v.i. give a good
hiding beat black and blue

bo’tiyafi tor’na (or kat'na or noth’ na) v.i,
press hard demand with constant taunt
give corporal punishmcndlfe jsfoy’jbo'fiyafi
kit'toh so nucbva'na ph. (threat to) bring
torturous death

Jjboo'* N.F. herb or root used as drug
Indian hemp (~1 ^dim,]

Jfjbojk n.m. load burden encum-
brance debt obligation responsi-
bility (^Zy/jjfJbojh. (sir' se) Ular'na v.t
put down the load or burden discharge the
obligation throw off the encumbrance
pay off the debt relieve (someone) of rcs-
ponsibili ty(V/(^^. bojh. (sir pi) udia'na v.i
bear lift up the burden carry the load
undertake the responsibility be under an
obligation si/ par ko'na v.i.

be under an obligation (JzJ.bo'jkal adj.

UV. boojb'na v.t. __ | guess I make out jfj.

boojh. n.f. (rare) undemanding

c&.

122

sa'majk'boojk, Jj^soojk'-beojt n.f. com*
monsense understanding sagacity
boajk bajkao'val n.f. solving the riddles
boojh b jkak'kar mm. wiseacre ; sententious
fool tyjy.btojh' par'na v.i. (rus.) appear;
seem

boo'&a adj (r. tff boo'dki) same as
** budk'dia adj. ★) v ’

^ bdo'dtar n.m butcher beefvendor [E]

y

"Mj. bauchhar' N f. driving rain ; wind
v and rain heavy shower spray
drift abundance volley (of questions,

etc.) windfall I’^iL^baudthar’ par’na v.i.
face heavy shower <$ kl bau(hhar' ho'na

v.i. face severe (criticism) face vplley (of
questions) have a windfall (of) K/51 ki
bmtdsfrar’ kar'na v. squander ; spend lavishly
give in abundance talk incessantly^^

baudtha'n n.f. sunshade f< '

yjbood n.f. existence v.i. was </ t*jJ. bood-<r
bask n.f. residence existence (some
one’s) society jjba'vad v.i is proves to be

[P~c)j/be]

\}Jbo'da adj. {r.tfjjbodi) weak; feeble

'timid ; faint-hearted foolish hyltd.bo'da
kar'na v.t. weaken enervate [P]

DjJ. bod' Is n.m. simpleton name of a

mendicant fraternity adj. simple ; gullibje
bod’ti n.f. tomboy member of this fraternity
adj. simple ; gullible
Alj^StJ.boo'dam be dal’ (joc.) fool.

V ’I owl — f)J.~ J 1 was] j$i Z-jj.
oor n.f. chaff ; husk sawdust
* boor ’ ke lad' 400 n.m. a kind of sweetmeat
deceit ; specious thing false hope
boor' ke la4'4oo
kbZ'e to' pad&iti'e na kha”t to' padthta”*
prov. attractive but unpalatable ; something
whose fharm wears away soon
I j j m boo'ra n.m. powdered ^ugar sawdust

AjJ. bo ' TS n.m ..(fjJ.bo'ri n.f. gunny bag

• sack

iVjJ boors' ni n.f. roasted brinjal served in
j, * curds [P] ,

>j) bor'd n.m. board Jfjj Jor'ding n.m. board-
ing house [E]

{JjJ.bau'n n.f parched barley
iJjJ.bo'ri n.f. gunny bag

{/jjbo'riya n.m. palm-leaf mat bjJ.

** ik&bo'riya bodh’na N.M. (one’s)
belongings (,’{£/ fevbJ'bo'riya bad'na
Hjka'na v.i. quit make a
move f y bo ' riya bis' tar U&a'na
V.i. quit make a move [P] ^

\ 0 fyj, boo'rha n.m. old man adj. (T.ifjJ.boo'rki)
old ; aged elderly i,l t la>jj.boo'dea
ba’ba n.m. old man yMlSl bjj.’boo'rka ba'la
bara'bar prov. an old man is twice a child
l&j rJpjJ. boo'rha diotdtla, {Pt)i(fjjfiffj.boo'rk i
fflo'rS led' lagam' ph. youthful blandishment*
in old age llyibrjJ. boo'rha ho’na v-.u grow old or
aged

lJj)boo'r\ n.f. spike at end of staff point
. 'of spear *

9jJ m boo'zah’ n.m. beer Jejj boo'(a-gar adj.

brewer s^—^ejj.boo'za-kha'nah n.m.
brewery beer shop pub [P]

Z/jjhootnah. Jsjjfioo&'nah n.m monkey {P]

/j\^J,bos'tan,(J tabus' tab orchard name

*of a Persian classic [P]

^yj'bo'sah n.m. kiss tfj i bo^sa-ba'g n.P.
fondling ; kissing ; dalliance t/J, bo* sur
kissing touching (as^Tj [jtfefa'lak-bos n.m.
ski-higlvC6</<5'.io'*-0 kindr' fondling; kisses
and caresses ; kissing and hugging [P] _

bosl'dah *Di. decayed decaying
” * rotten £j£*%bosi'da& n.f. decay

[PJ

\jjJbo$'mah r*M. rags ; tatters worth-
less stuff adj. ugly [T]

Qjbooq n.m. bugle ; clarion [A]

CjjJj. baukk'lana v.i. be unnerved be
j confused lose one’s presence of mind
jjj>y t baukhla , hat n.f. nervousness con-
fusion* jitters J^Mn'kAal n.m. & adj.
nervous (person)

Jjjfo'gi n f, bogie [E)

(Jjbaul m. urine [A]

(}jJbol N.m. words of a song utterance ;

’speech ; words syllable fame J/.bJjS'
nA'tka bol n.m. soft words ; sweet word^JjJL^
ml'jjka bol bol'na v.i. say sweet words l&ljs.
bol' teih’na v.i. speak out exclaim lib Jd.
bol' ba'la mm. success; prosperity b'jjliiJJ.
b<d ba’la ho’na V.I. achieve fame thrive ;
prosper WjVsa v.i. lose one’s

123

m

patience JJfJj Ml'-tfcal’ n.f. talk conver-
sation , dialogue dialect LrfJbJiboT-ebal'
ho'na v.i. be on speaking terms ( - Oj.]
tKy. baula‘nS,CCfUj.baula' ja'na v.i. lose
one's wits : lose one’s presence or mind
have the jitters

Qj'bot’na v.i. speak say talk utter
tell call pronounce 90 und
bid chirp be reconciled rave

(of peacock, etc.) scream OlgOj,bol'na fhal'na
v.i. talk converse

(Jj'bo'ti n.f-. dialect speech ; language
chirping song taunt bid auction
bo' it de’na v.i. bid at an auction
bo'ti tho'ti n.f. taunts ; jeers l‘AJj,bo‘ti mar'na
v.t. taunt ; jceTOjf(J(-^fy,bo'liyan bofrts. v.
babble speak in (different) dialects or
languages chirp ; song ^UUJ w bo' fiysh sin' ns
v.i. hear taunts [ ~ prec.]

i n.m. (lit.) owl land JP)

Cf-

t *J, bctu'na n.m. j/bau'id n.f. dwarf ; pygmy ;
midget adj. dwarfish

l ’J bo' ns V.t. sow cultivate plant

(of stallion) cover $ Ij.buea'i n.f. (seetinder
v.t. +)

burhd n.f. raindrop drop bootid'
boond adv. drop by drop (fjlljtybooh’da
bab’di n.f. drizzle /(X)boobd' bhar adj. just a
drop ; just a little l C&JfJJ.book’deh ta'paknu
v.i. drip ; trickle tjlT^juCJjiJ.bookd'

boohd kar ke talab' bkor'ta haintov. small addi-
tions regularly made become large accretions
(fjlJ'booti di n.f. a kind of sweetmeat ; gram
j drops [P ~ PREC. DIM.]

(£jy,boofi'di n.f. the germ of a plant after the
, flower is shed

i/JM nas n.m. bonus jpljy^jl bo'nas va’uetar
y n.m. bonus voucher [E]

+ bauiiga n.m. gamilous fool adj. stupid
awkward g J.bauti gi n.f. such
wo mar nousensical talk -
vyfj, boh' rah n.m. member of an Ismaili sect
(old use) (member of) a class of
village money-lenders

[ffjboh'rii n.f. first sale for ready money in
y the morning handsel ; hausel
^jbo"iya n.m. small basket for spinning
** cotton

X^jbaoo’ siya t babt'siya n.m. confirm-

"** ed catamote in advanced age one
suffering from I piles (fig.) chatteibox

'beh adj. (rare) well ; good bih’tar adj.
better superior tfyfbeh' lari n.f.

welfare betterment improvement
good (J^fbthlarin' adj. best [P]

V beh n.m. hole pricked in woman’s ear or
nose for holding jewellery
J U*'" bhs'bar n.m. a kind of plant yielding fibre
* for bed VringS

^IjfbkS’H n.f. (same m^IV’n.f. (()

i^baha' n.m. (lit.) value price rate
khooh-buha' nju. (see under gl/N.M. ifc)
bha'ti n.f. sister-in-law ; brother’s wife

bhap n.f. steam vapour exhala-.

** tion Q&'ufld bhap' rn'kalns v.i. emission of
steam or vapour

£/\fifbhat' n.m. boiled rice dower given
to bride by her maternal unci e uH/Jbdat-
bhat' n.m. daily bread ; bread and butter
k£t(afbhat n.m. (dial.) bard ; minstrel

ihfbka't a n.m. ebb-tide tUjIj’javar' bhs'va n.m
ebb and flow

(fU.bka'jis.r. (dial.) vegetable dish
guest’s share

JfW, baha'dur adj. brave bold cour-
ageous valiant honourable n.m.
hero ; champion (fj>W.baha' dm n.f.
bravery boldness courage valour [P]
Ojyiif.bka'doh N.M. fifth month of Hindu
calendar (corresponding to August-
September) d/fi bhtfdoh to bha'ran n.f.
heavy August rains (inundating -dried-up
ponds) tflf/djj Ldbks'doh ka jka’la

bha'doh ke dofig'r* n.m. PL. light August
showers

ji^bahar' n.f. spring verdure prime
(of life) ; bloom (oi youth) beauty ele-
gance flourishing state pleasure; enjoy-
ment jW. bahar' par a' ns v.i. blossom,

flourish tfjtJjW.babareh loot'na v.i. enjoy
revel in lead a life of pleasure dOM.
baha'ristan' N.M. Springfield tfji/bahrfri adj.
vernal [P]

jW.bhsr n.m. man-load of crop

4 rfLfb

/jyfbhsr'kas n.m. cart strap binding
draught animal to carriage shafts [~P
{/■{/j’ weight-pulling corr.]
jy bka'rat n.m. ^(Hindu name for post-part i-
J tion I nd id c/j&jU bka'rat oar' A n.m. (an-

124

/>(<

cicnt Hindu name for; India [S]

Y.T. sweep dust tidy up

l$ji*fboka ran n.f. weepings JjL.hoha too, (fjW,
totd’rl (usu. bbhi’roo n.f.

broom VJrjWutf' jha'roo boha’roo *a/n s v.t.
sweep dust

(Jj\jfb1ia'n adj heavy weighty fat
large ; big voluminous great
loud hard ; difficult cumbersome
Sluggish (11) strong (12) costly (13) valuable
(14) important (15) ominous fyftfjbfbka'H
bkar'kam adj. grave fat plump heavy
bbd'ri pal' A mt ehoom kar
thkor' de'no v.f v withdraw from a difficult
under taking iagrto v.i.

appear to be heavy find difficult or tire-
some IsttfjUhka'n ho'nd V.i. be heavy
be fat be cumbersome ,, ominous be
sluggish

%Jbhar N.m. . fire-place for parching grain
' oven furnace wages of sin
bh t r' jkohk'na v.t. make a fire of faggot for
parching grain be unable to equip oneself
for a means of livelihood lUjL fbkdr' hka'na
v.i. be a pimp live on the wages of sin
run a brothel j bfM a\ men jhofik' na

v.t. squander ; cast to the dogs
l^bha'rd NJd. fare freight

* bha'ra kar'no V.I. hile

fareVl f'i-j kbits' re ka tattoo n.m.
pony hireling drugaddict
need of constant repairs

bits' sha, bits' kha N.F. (rare)

J vernacular language speech [SJ
t JV i hihng' n.m. name of a musical mode [S]

f[^bhsg' n.m. lot fate ; destiny ^

* fortune ; good luck ; honour
bhdg' pkoot'na v.i. be unfortunate ; he' very
unlucky i^^/Ubkdg' jag nd, &djtkbhag‘
khAl'na>$jy,bkag‘ lag'na v.i. be fortunate;
be in luck become rich be honoured ; be
exalted & >J^bhag' van' adj. lucky; for-
tunate wealthy munificent

g v.i. (see under UUv. '• ★)

y[ff(bftagar n.f. stampede flight from

* immediate danger defeat \~ffljbka gar
tnfidi'na v.i. be a stampede [ -foll.J
Cfitfbhag 'na v.i. run run away escape

-* ft- jttfbkag' ja'na v.i. escape run

hire

settle the
hired
thing in

dialect

away

flee abscond elope
bhag' adv. hurriedly swiftly
&tbh.ag' utk'na v.i. run away ; take to heels
n.f. spike point (of arrow, or
bayonet, etc.) blade (of spear, lance,

etc.) search Jbfd'fdekk.'-bhal' H.r. search
supervision reconnaissance

dtkh-bha! kar'na v.t. look reconnoitre
yl^bb-a'fa n.m. spear ; >ance

Jlrfbfm'loo N.M.

tv* a’na V.I. turn out to oe likeable

* please ; be pleasing be agreeable (to)
be acceptable (to)

\Xdbaha‘na v.t. spill shed (blood)
cause to flow set afloat or adrift
squander spend lavishly Iw,/

rUpa'yah ps'rd. ki tor' A baha'na v.i. squander
money spend lavishly
\jj>{jfbk.ahp'na v.i. guess make out

* know ; perceive surmise divine

see through fy^b/bhatip' j&'na. ty-sUbkanp'
U’na v.i. guess "

V&bf&'L tfbkatit’ bkatu ka adj. diverse

of various kinds assorted ill-

assorted

^{dfbhatj n.f. discount in getting change

bhan’ja n.m. sister’s son ; nephew Jjltt

* , bftan’ji n.f. sister’s daughter ; nice

if Lfbiutl'jt n.f. obstruction putting a

spoke in another’s wheel ; marring some-
one’s plans tale : bearing backbiting jjv
jfbhalt’ji-khoT, jl'J'bdbhah'ji-mar adj. mar-plot;
one who tries to put a spoke in another's
wheel tel i/ybkah'ji mar'na v.t. tell Ules to
mar (someone’s plans) put a spoke in some-
one’s wheels

>U bhditd n.m. buffoon

street actor jester * mimic.

^blab disreputable person?
tjZZ a IS bkabd' bkog'tije n m. pu.I

buffoons street actors riff- i*U

raff

\jb\rfbhah'<!a n.m. earthen vessel (fig. I

* secret tfjtftiAr'^tfc’ybkan'da (ch aura' he
mefi) phootna v.i. be found out (in public)
lose one’s character (of secret) be divulged

be publicly disgraced t'JjdtL/fe-bsjfaU.bhsh'da
(&aura’hr men) phor'na v.t. divulge (some-

125

•fee’s) secret disgrace publicly

Mum, '-matt n.m. juggler ; magician
ofakf bhdn'-maii ka kUn'bah ph.
ill-assorted things ill-matched things or
persorn unholy alliance •£■%}(} d"

& *"t' Aa'Art ka ro'ra bksti-
maR nt kiin'bah jo’ r a prov. ill-assorted group

unholy alliance

Jt/^.baka'iiah hm. excuse plea, pietext
pretence feint ; nrtc evasionJT^lv.
tMJia’na-joo adj . (person) seeking an excuse
baha'na-joo"i N.f. (putting up) false
excuses Vjt'j*jilfibaha'nah dkwf.d'va, C/^C-v.
baha'nah kar'tia v.i. put up a lame
excuse ; evade ; dodge come out with an
excvseJL^U.baha-na-sae adj. (person) who
puts, up lame excuses (fJIyiU'bahs'nZ-sa'gt h.f.
^putting up) false excuses [P]

n m. pl. animals ; quadrupeds
i bruits f A -sing, ^r.l

jyfbk-a'o n.m. rate market ^price
* gesticulation (in dancing) 0* I l'/h bjlfc
bka”o utarna (or gir’na or gkat'na) n.f. (all
in price (of price) .fall (V> ji^bHa”o bats' na
v.t. give the rate gesticulate (in dancing)
(ljr^^L)l>Jgtb(bia'’o {barfs' na (or tee' ho'na)
rise in pnee (of price) rise or soar V&jif
bka"o Aaks'ns v.t. settle the rate(s)

$Lr'baha”o N.M. flux flow gliding along
direction of current [ - O;]
bha’voj, J'ljtbka'bi n.f. brother’s wife ;
p sister-in-law

tyj baha”i n.m. (member of) a heretic sect of
Islam which has tried to set itself as a
separate religion [~ founder’s name A]
Q[ffbha’'1 n.m. brother kinsman
* friend companion ; comrade ally
£)U( jlaC bha"i bia"i n. m. PL. friends
allies comrades >£JUAia”i bafid n.m. pl.

hindered ; kinsmen ; kith and kin ’ rela-
tions brethren fraternity {fMj}\i(bhs' T

bakdl, ljlrj)\j/bh.a''i &a'ra n.i*. friendship
tty /. i

bka^ti bhaTek n.f. calf’s cry
' /J ^M.bka' , ek bhaf'eti kar’nZ v.i.
(of house) be deserted (of place) be
desolate

^jLrfbka'iak n.f. sudden burst (of flame)

• * bhab'ka n.m. effusion (of stench)
offensive vapour blast (from furnace)
alembic stilt mug ; tankard C&bha'bokna

v.i. burst into flame (of flame) bunt
cajch fire fly into a rage
. Lit bhab'kt n.f. threat ; menace tfijjJ&i * r
^ * * bhab'ki n.f. (usu. pl.) bullying
empty threat bkab'ki dt’na v . t .

bully threaten Mutf*

kijofi meti n'ns v.t. feel jittery before a budy
sil'jfbhaboot' hm. cow-dung ; ashes l) MjAjf
* * (Uhl C$bhaboot’ rama'na (or laga'na Or
mal'na) become a (Hindu) saint by besmear-
ing body with ashes [SJ
jyY, beh-bood' n.f. welfare well-being
good betterment benefit : utility
U jjft beh-bood-t khala'iq n.f. public
welfare public utility [P ~ ? ■+•

|f jjfbhaboo'ka n.m. blaze flame adj.

ablaze hot glowing furious

lovely [~~6(]

[•bffbhapa'ra n.m. steam vapour

“ steam-bath Vj<jl*fbh.apa'Ta dt'na v.t.
give a steam hath (to;
flldtbkqpa'TS n.m. fraud ; deceit
*!

a'hot' (dial, bahul') adj. many

much most copious excessive

enough ; sufficient plentiful ; abundant
adv. much very much largely ex-
cessively enormously exceedingly
intenesely b£l£*<ba'hot a&'&a adv. all
right ; OK very well very good
accepted ; agreed ; granted U*di£*fba'hot ihik'
adv. all right quite true too true
uf/yC^ba'Aot khoob' adv. well-said well-
done all right ; okay ; OK bc^ba'hot sa
adj. a great deal quite a lot much
plentiful ; abundant ^jOtba' hot rat ga"e

adv. quite late in the evening in the
early hours of the morning
i t %bhat’ta n.m. allowance emoluments
in addition to sariary (arch.) travelling
allowance ; T.A.

£/fi/bohtat‘. (dial, bahiitaf) n.f. abun-
dance ; plenty excess
tf&lbohlan 1 n.m. slander ; calumny uper.

sion false accusation imputation
(.C&l L^n Oijltf&.boktan' iatidk'na (or dfutr’ni
or laga'na) v.t. bring a false accusation
against slander ; calumniate
’Z/fbahat' tar adj. & n.m. seventy-two
' ‘ bahat'tarvattxDj. seventy-second
Z/'beKlat adj. (see under adj. +)

126

I#

A

(Zfltott’ns n.m. imp ; goblin ghost
demon ugly person I'jtbVZbkat'na
ba'na ho'na v.i. be so untidy or besmeared as
to lode like a demon f&btotfrd n.f. femaje
demon old hag ugly woman tf#f £&■
HiUt'ne H (had'dhi n.f. a kind ofboys* game
ypfbM'a n.f. funeral feast i'lty&’.bjui'H kha’na
vh. (also fig.) see (someone) dead
l baih'le pa'm men hath, dho'na m. make
hay while the sun shines
^bkarcja^-u. brother’s son ; nephew

• ** bhali'jl n.f. brother’s daughter ; niece

baUite'ra, bahole'ra adj. many much
** ADV. enough ; sufficient quite mffi-
dent a great deal much ; most
li^NA*. den ; lair pit hole

hpvgl glowing plaster of fire-place

pa' re voh so'na

jis se too' teh kan’ prov. to hell with the treasure
that brings harm . fc ( .

n.m. cob ; corn-cob

* bk&i'ta sa (sir) ura'na, ph. cut (head) off
clean with one stroke (f f &£bh3t'te ki gulti
n.f. ear of corn without grain
[kjfbkat'pi. Jjfbkattah n.m. kiln

V&tbhatka 'na v.i. mislead lead astray
cause to wander deceive UWf
khofok'na v.i. go astray lose one’s way
miss the right path roam about
Udf'ka (or bha'tokta phir'na) v.i. lose (one’s
way room about (in search of)
ijfya/bkaf katay'ya n.f. a kind of wild
prickly plant

ykkf bkit'td n.f. pap ; teat

^^bka\ai"i n.f. fawning ; sycophancy [ ~iiU)

N.u. furnace (washerman’s)
■cauldron still name of an Indo-
Pakistan class f&arfca'na v.T.

boil clothes in cauldron light fire in
furnace

Ujffttafjra'ra n.m. innkeeper cook
** J working at an inn, etc.
kka'nah N.M. (fig.) home with frequent

brawls slum mean restaurant JjI*(
tha&a'ri n.f. female innkeeper inn-

keeper’s wife female cook at an inn
gjffbah'jat (or baih-) h.f. joy ; happiness
* * delight beauty ; grace [A]

$bhnj> f'bhadt n.m. & adj. lout(ish)

^ flat and dark

^ftbha'jan n.m. (dial.) hymn [S]

tm jfo{bk jahg, &Sfbh. joti'ga n m. king crow

* adv (of person, etc.) jet (black)

(,*/ /Cbhijva'na v.T. send cause to be

* sent [ - caus.]

j'ya N.F. fried vegetable dish

— *

bhich'na, 1'lff-bh.idk jn'na v.i. be
V squeezed be compressed be sitting
in a very tight place „

J^bhod n.f. disgrace thud VJ^Adbhad'
se gir'na v.i. fall with a thud cttlbfc&pf
ki b%ad ni’kalna (or Ur' no) v.i. (of someome) be
disgraced Mtefbhad bhad n.f. footfall (of duck
or fat person)

\jjfb%ad' da, adj. (f . (fjtfbhad'di) ugly
. ’awkwardness ; clumsiness
p j tfbhada'ka n.m. dull heavy sound (of fall) ;

* thud

Jeiwbeh-da'nah, A^s/be'tii-da'nah n m. (see

* under fa n.f. ^)

\jjjfi bhad'ra n.m. shaving off top hair (in
f Hindu mourning) [S]
iJjjUf bhad' rak n.f. elegance ; grace

constancy

jfjjpfbhadvar' n.f. land prepared for sugar-

* cane cultivation

y^baik'r,yfjlaz baih'r-e prep, (lit.) for ; on
’account of ; for the sake of [P]
yy'ba-har' prep, (lit.) in every to every
Jke(ba-har' hal' adv. anyhow ; in any
case ; at any rate jJ’sd ba-kar’ taur' ,
ba-haf soor’ral, cgfaba-har' kaif adv. by
all means somehow or other at all

events ; in any case ; at any rate ; anyhow>£>
JWtar' aff. full all whole up to

* as far as as much as a ; one (as
ser' bhar a seer) I'^/dMur' pa'na v.i. be
paid in full be fed up with /( bkar-pa"i
n.f. receipt in full j/yfbkaT-poor' adj. full
complete brimful dgt(l&arpti‘ adv. to
one’s fill A/dbhbr mar' nTf. plenty ; abund-
ance excess VjA/f f hi bknT-mat' kar'na
v.T. do- or give in abundance A*

bhar-mar' ho'na v.i. be in abundance be
in full strength din, bhar adv. the whole
day ; all the day long ^ tyt'um'r bhar adv.
during the whole (of one’s) life ; all (one’s)

127

A

A

lifetitn madoor' bkar adv. to the best
■of one’s ability or power to the utmost
\ dbkar'ra n.m. (also pl.) deceit incite-
' ment ; instigation Oj \/fbhar'ra derm v.t.

deceive incite instigate ft t bhUr're
mefi a'na^f^U^d bhar'roti mefi ana v.i. be
deceived

I ^fbkir'ra adv. jet (black)

baih'ra adj. & n.m. (f. tf/Vbaih'fi) deaf
(person) hard of hearing
/'Ly^baikram' n.m. Mars a Persian name
j/fjs.baihram' gor n.m. name of an an-
cient Persian King fond of zebra-hunting

'bkafa'na v.t. cause to be filled (of

* bird) feed its young get (animal) cover-
ed l)^fbhaTa'i n.f. filling stuffing
watering getting covered remuneration
for these [ ~ I^caus.]

j^( yrfbharra’na v.i. be husky become

* hoarse

AA bk&r’bhu'ra adj. (f. bhur' bhuri)

crisp • (of soil) somewhat sandy
bhurbhurana v.t. sprinkle (salt, sugar, etc.)

bkar bkar ahat n.f. crispness
tlAA W utr bkaiid' adv. upset, topsy-turvy

&d bka'rat n.m. copper, lead and zinc alloy

t yi~ A)

t jf bkar' t a n.m. mash ; fried vegetables mash-

* ed in curds (bj/ljU bkur'ta nikal'na
(or kar da' ns) v.t. make a mash of beat
to a pulp give a good hiding

72 d bhar'fi n.f. recruiting ; enrolment ;
enlistment stuffing ; insertion of

inferior stuff fdling completion L'sJ/f
bkar'li kar'na v.t. recruit ; enlist ; enroljl/j/*'
bkar'li kn mat' n.m. inferior stuff
mixture [ ~ tyd]

bhariMt adv. (dial.) polluted
A" bbarish’t kar'na v.i. pollute [S]
/jrfifbhur'kas n.m. husk; chaff chips;

* splinters U&yyf biter' kas ni'kal'nav. t. be
severely beaten & (mar mar kar)

biter' kas nikal'na v.t. beat black and blue
bha'ram n.m. credit ; trust prestige

secret (£L/b 1‘lf^dbka'ram jdna (or
kk&l'ra) v.i. be exposed lose one’s credit
Wyfe bka'ram gafwa'na v.i. lose one’s pres-
tige (*l ^dlkarma'na v.t. tempt deceive

misl ea d

0

^Jdbka'ran n f. heavy Bhadon shower fylij/f
x * (tl^Ljbka’ran pai 'na (or ba'rasnn ) v.t.
fall in heavy shower [ ~ fold.]
tfdbkar'na v.t & i. fill load be filled
(of wound) heal pay indemnity
irrigate pollute be polluted besmear
be besmeared pay realise suffer
tolerate (of body) grow fat grow
or make rich (of fare) be crotVded ilyt
bkar’ ana v.i. (of wound) heal (of heart)

be filled with pity ly v lyf bka’ra pu'ra adj.
happy (home) Al/fbka 'ra gWar’ N.M. happy
or well-equipped home Oy^bkar de'na v.t.
fill besmear make good (loss) give

presents or settle dower profusely
bkar' na'zar dekk'na v.t. glance fully Iddpdf
bkar' nitid' so'na v.i. have a sound sleepCJl^^jf
bka'ri bar sat' n.f. heavy rains tyy.tfyf
bka'rl java' ni n.f. prime of life; blooming
youth iA L j bka'ri javatS mah'jia

dhl’la ph. one lazy in youth
bka'n god' khali ho' ns v.i. become issueless on
child’s death I A Id bka'ra litk'ra adj. be-
smeared bedraggled

maj'lis (or maik’fil) mefi adv. publicly ; in every
body’s presence L'jf bka'ra bai'tka ho'na
v.i. be greatly enraged be on the point
of weeping I’d bkar'na bhar'na v.i. pay
debts incurred hy others support someone
unwillingly V yd f^/bka'rt ko bkar'na v.t.
bestow more on someone who is already rich
baihroop n.m. disguise actor’s
’* make-up mimicry baihroop'

bkar'na v.i. disguise oneself mimic
baihroop' piy a n.m. street histrion charac-

ter actor expert in changing one’s guise ’•
[yjdbkaro'sa, bharo'sah n.m. confi-
dence ; faith trust reliability
assurance hharo'sa kar'na v.i. trust

rely on

gy^baih'rah n.m. share ; portion lot
destiny fortune j}‘>/*.baih' rarmahd' jj*d>

baih'ra-var, ^/Ir/V.baih'rayab' adj. lucky ;

fortunate prosperity baih' ra-mah'di' ,

Jl ty/.baih' ra ya'bl n.f. happiness pros-

perity [P]

iCd baih'ri n.f. female hawk ; falcon adj. (see
^ under adj . *V) ,

Kfbkir n.f. wasp ; hornet ^*0# bhi’rotf ka
' djjiat'ta n.m. hornets’ nest Uljfy AASjfe

128

&

i&i'roft ke chhal'te meh hath.' dal'rta, A

^-bki'roh he chkal'tt ko chher'na PH.
stir up a hornet’s nest rfy/jsAtfr'so'ti bhi'ron
kojaga'na ph. rouse a sleeping monster
ijffA bkaras' n.f. grudge ; resentment

rage ; animosity ; spleen 0
dii ki bkaras' nikal'm v.i. vent one’s spleen
(on)

{jfebkira'na v.t. bring into collision

' * bring into clash embroil set up one
against the other [~ 1 ^/caus.]

bkor' bhar n.f. crackling (of fuel)

Lybkar' bhar kar'na v.i. (of fuel) crackle
burn fiercely

Clfyfybfuir bharu'na v.t. play on or beat
f'S' ‘tabla’ y

bharbhoofija N.M. cfyfA
• * bkarbkooh'jan n.f. one,

whose trade is parch gram
^fefbka'rak n.f. sheen lustre

' " glitter blaze; refulgence
flash ostentation rage ;
fury shving (of horse) nervousness
jitters jf/pf bha'rah-dsr' adj. refulgent
gorgeous tawdry ) fau'q-Ul bka'rak

adj. refulgent or gorgeous (dress) fyfebha'r-
ki'la adj. (f. JL bhorki'tl) gorgeous ;
splendid refulgent tawdry £~ foll.)

Iff] tfjbharak'na v.t. flare up be enraged ;

S' fly into passion startle (of horse) shy
t ojA, bharka'na v.t. kindle inflame
incite ; instigate scare startle

ijfrfbhxr'rm v.i. collide clash fight

' ' (of door) be shut (of opposed armies)
fall upon

j ffybftAr'oa (dial. Jryfbkar'mal} n.m. pimp ;
pander ; procurer shameless man

’nn v.t. betray (someone’s secret)

d'ri de'tia v t. train pigeons
badger

.ttjfabkare'ri n.P. pile (of utensils) placed one
"above the other

rrflto n.m. husk bran chaff straw
gram cliaff, etc, (for asses) I'Jydfbtous'
kar'na v.t. stuff with chaff (fig.) fill with

stupidity

bhits meii chjftgt (or Aihgiri) dal’ Htjama'lo doer'
kko'i f prov. mischief-monger washes his hands
of the crime after instigating it j[yfbhliSakoo
n.m. tasteless tobacco

jAfbba sam n.f. ashes ; cinders I'J^rlfbka'sam
1 kar’na v.t. reduce to ashes ; burn out
destroy itfj-Jfbha'sam bona v.t. be
reduced to ashes ; be burnt be destroyed
writhe (ih rage) .

tfjZ sbehisht' n.f. paradise ; heaven

behisht' kg hava n.f. cool refreshing
breez ejr^fbehishli adj. blessed celestial
n.m. water-carrier

dtfbhak n.f. blast ; sound of explosion
roaring (offire) puffing (of steam-engines
etc.)t '/^JfifAibkak bhak kar'na v.i. puff
chugirisji^t^dfbhak se uf ja'na v.t.
blast explode be cut clean, off fly off
l jiiib^Llfjt^A^bWak' seitr'ja'neva'la mad' dab
n.m. combustible material explosion
(Jj^jdbhika'ri n.m. (e (Jj^bkika’ ran) beggar
. . mendicant ( -

llC/baihka'na v.t. seduce allure mis-
lead ; lead astray cause to err tempt

C\r*L&,baihka' le ja’na v.t. elope kid-
nap carry off lure away baihka'va
n.m. delusion trick misleading
baihka've mefi a'na v.t. be deluded (by)
be taken in (by) faU into the snare (of)
be,tempted (by) [ ~ caus.]

\jjjAbhik' sha n.f. (dial.) alms[S]

jpJjf bhik' shoo n.m. Buddhist mendicant ; Bud-
dhist priest [S ~ prec.]

[Z/jfdf bkakos'na v.t. eat greedily devour
&i m0 ^Qbhik' modi' ga beggar pauper

j 'Jy.+ tfi)

^Wbai'hokna, Of^M.bai'hak ja'na V.i. be
* deluded go astray ; bepjislcjl talk
in a state of intoxication ft baih'ki

baih'kt batch kar'na v.i. talk as if drunk
tajk nonsense ,

ijpbhok't a adj. (r.tfjfbkak’n) fool

{f&dbhagtfna v.t. put to rout ; put to
' flight ; defeat gallop (a horse) away -
drive off cause to flee or escapciC^^^k
bkoga' le ja'na v.t. elope kidnap to

runaway with ; carry away drive off
gj&bka’gat n.m. (dial.) devotee rogue

( jjAbkag'tiya n.m. street-dancer

(* K^b&S'gatna v.t. bear with patience suffer
experience pay the penalty settle

129

with be requited (for) appear (at a court-
hearing) (iiu*bkugtari N.M. payment

adjustment full settlement disposal (of

customers, etc.) bh&gta'na v.t. dispose
of pay adjust settle do ; execute
^fabhae'dar' n.f. stampede ; sudden wild
^ commotion ; flight due to panic
Jj^flhagah'dar' n.h. fistula in rectum

bhagopn' n.m. (dial.) God &j&bhag'eat\
bhag'vatit' adj. (dial.) Divine£(y$
Mag' vat gi'ta n.f. Divine Song (name of a
Hindus scripture) [6] ^

1% jVf bhagau'ra, (dial. bhag'jgoo, 0$
bboge'la) adj. & n.m. (f. tfjjk bhagau'r I)
rieserter runaway ; fugitive
tfjUt bhigo'na, 0/J? bhigo’ tie'na v.t. w^t ^

* moisten soak drench

bhigo' bhigo' ke mar'na v.t. put to great
shame taunt with apparent suavity in-
dulge mock praise [ ~ caus.]

bha'la adj. (f. jjtf bha'R) nice excel-

* lent good virtuous gentle ; noble
humane ; courteous pleasing ; agreeable

delectable adj. & n.m. good virtue
favour bha'la diati'ga adj. in good

health ; hale and hearty ; healthy
bha'la sa nan! hoi ph. wheu d’ye call it C&jJjf.
bha'la lag'na v.t. look agreeable be attrac-
tive (fjilM bha'la ad'ml, l Jjsf bha'la ms'nus

(or ma'nas ) n.m. gentleman nice person
respectable person iMriiaf bha'la shah'na v.t.
wish (someone) well tl/iU' bha'la kar'na v.r.
do good do a favour [‘n bha'la ho'-na v.i.

be good be well that bha'R kar'na

v.i. (iron.) treat unfairly bha'li ho' ns

v.i, (iron.) get a rough tdeal 2^-TJZ-bha'le a"e
ph. (iron.) you turned up well on time £lj
bha'le din pl. good old times better days
/d £ £ bha'le ko conj. it was a happy

coincidence it is well that ^jj^bhala"i n.f.

good virtue welfare prosperity

beneficence kindness ; gain ; benefit
tffttfbhala"t kar'na v.t. do good show
kindness

^Ij^bhula'na, is/H# bhila' de'na v.t. fojget ;
* cause to forget

baihla'na v. divert amuse ; enter-
tain chew coax ; cajole IjJhii
boihla'oa n.m. entertainment; amusement
cajolery false hope batidfvt

de'n a v.T. raise false hopes (in mind)

Ijjjofbhal a vs n.m. guile; deception Is/ IjIU;

* bhula'va de'na v.t. beguile ; deceive
play a truck ; use a ruse

bha'lak bha'lak adv. (weep) bitterly

m bhXtlak'kar adj. very forgetful ; obli-
vious thoughtless ; careless ; negligent
remiss [ ~ Ojh]

bhal'mansa'hat, bhalman'si n.f.

* nobility civility ; politeness
nice treatment [ ~

ty/'bai'halns, I'lrJ^bai’/ml js'ns v.i. be
diverted be amused ; be entertained
baihlol’ (ped. bahlool’) n.m. cynic
joker simpleman (also I'liJjU'.
baih’lol-e ds'ns) name of a cynical saint [A]
baikHi, {ft baih'l n.f. light two wheeled ox
carriage

/Sh/i baih’lah n.m. falconer’s leather glove

/)\}fodbkula'vafi n.m, ‘semi-carpus anacurdium';

# nut used by washerman for marking
clothes

JK ba-ham! adv. together bo-ham ’

{ pahufidta' naf v.t. procure provide

supply convey bring about VffsC ba-ham'

pahuftcji'na v.i be procured be provided
supplied be acquired come to hand
ba-hatii di‘ gar adj. mutual recipro-
cal adv. together^ L^y. ba-ham! rasa’ hi
supply provision [P ~ * )

baih'mon n.m. eleventh month of Persian
calendar (corresponding to February)

(tf'C bai'han (dial, ba'han, ba'hin ) n.f. sister
female cousin VsCbaih'na n.f. (dial.)
sister dear sister LCrfbaih'napa n.m. » sister-
ly affection or kindness friendship between
girls or women (I'A) ftflCsMhna’pa jor'na
(or kar'na) v.t. (of girls)’ become (mutual)
friends

baih'na v.i. . flow float drift (of
liquid) run (of sore) run (of solid)
melt ; dissolve H^f^.boih ja'na v.i. (of
liquid) run : run but (of solid) melt away
l * (Jjf bhuna’ns, ClJJbhunva'na v.t. get ( ""all
change for cause to be fried or parched
$ C* bhUnz'H, / ’Jiyf bhMnva"t n.f. discount
on giving change remuneration far parch-
ing

Ifofbkinna'na v.i. (of ears) have a ringing
* sound (also O I (if Minna' Hfh'na) be

130

annoyed react, sharply

bhaftbi'ri n.f. a humming insect con-
” stantly dancing on water
hkafibi'ri ss daur'ta pkir'na v.i (of child) run
swiftly

llZtr&bkifibkina'rta v.l buzz hum

bkin bhin,JZfCte?f bhinbkina' hat N.F.
buzz hum buzzing humming

bkaftbkor*na v.t. (of beast) gnaw ,

^ devour by gnawing mangle
Jjjijf bkafidar' , IjlJtybkahda'ra n.m. free meals
public mess at shrives; etc. alms-
house meal store serving free meals belly
bkafida’ra lag'na v.i. (of mess) be run
0+ bkafida'jil kkil'na v.i. (of belly) be
ripped open (fjLjfbh aid a rl n.m. steward
keeper or persons in charge of free mess
tf£g(bhiti' di n.p. lady's finger

C&f bhi'iiak'na, l‘n j <j ^ybki 'nak' rah& ho’na
y v.i. (of flies) buzz swarm around
:~Mfbki'nak n.f. buzz hum rumour
something in the air km mefi

bhjknak par'na v.t. get wind -(of) [ ~ r rec. )
mJjjfkhafig n.f. hemp ; cannabis
plant yielding it
Muth'gar n.m. hemp-addict
silly braggart rumour-monger
irresponsible talker

bkafi 'gar-kha nah n.m. hemp pub _ ;

nojsv place with idlers lolling aroundil^V
»¥<} bkaft' gar-kha’ ne ki gap ph. silly rumour
Ifcjifbiuft'ga n.m. a kind of winged monsoon
y, insect

\yfaf bhotig’ra n.m. name of a Pakistani
folk dance ; Pakistani jig a kind of

fijf bkabgl n m. sweeper scavenger a
” sikh caste bkafi gtyo ft ki top N.f.

Kim's Gum

,EV baihfi'gl n.p. thick bamboo _ _Je£-
^ * stick with slings at ends for -vv~
carrying load on shoulder J\\ i

\*jjfbh£n'na v.t. be roasted

* (of rupee, etc.) be converted J) \\
into small change . ^

baurwa'na v.t. cause to be fried
•(cause to) get small change (same as
UHina'na v.t. •*)

jjjfbhah'var n.m. whirlpool eddy ,
vortex (fig.) grief misfortune Jlfor*

bhah’var jal n.m. woridv its temptations
worldy ca.res(l^fL)l^(y*jj^bhafi'varmcfi pat'na
(or pkafts'na) v.i.' be afflicted suffer from

vicissitudes of fortune be caught up in an
eddy

jjs-y baihno n i n.m. brother-in-law : sister’s
husband [ ~ tf*.]

( J^boh'nl n.f. (same as jfjboh'nx -fc)

♦

bahne'li n.f. adopted sister girl’s
female friend Jk^baihne'la n.m. sister-
ly affection ; friendship between girls [~
c ■/■]

j^bci'koo n.f. daughter-in-law bride
wife sttf&ba'ri ba'hoo n.f. senior wife
elder son’s wife chko'u ba'hoo n.f.

junior wife younger son’s wife
ba'hoo be'tiyafi n.f. pl. respectable woman
chaste homely women

jjy^belwar' u.M. (also j^j’/kur' behuar') n.m.
(rus.) business &i>J Jyf.behvav' ki bat’ pi.,
fair deal straight talk
^ t jpf bkoopa'li n.f. name of a musical mode

yy. bkoo'bkal n.f. hot ashes ; embers

bkoo'pooh bkoo'pooh n.f. hoot (of
V ' *•* car) [oNO.j

gsyfbhoot n.m. (F.fftybkiil'rii) demon

fiend ; ghost apparition , evil spirit
goblin ugly figure (fig.) rageOffoij*''
bhoot' ular'na v.t. exorcize l‘y bkool'
u*larna bhMt'&nrh'na (or

savar' ho'na) v.t. (of evil spirit) possess
be obsessed ; be possessed be distracted with
rage be intoxicated act like a devil
££J v bhooV paret' n.m. ghosts and fiends b’yC/A
bkool' ho'na v.i. be very untidy look
shabby act like a devil ( ^

bkool' ban kar (or ho kar) lipatnH v.t.” possess
(someone like a devil) distress annoy
bore, obsess (fjfbhDOt'm n.f. (same as
bkUt'nt n.f. ^f)

HM bkoj' pal'tar n.m. Indian papyrus leaf
r bark of a birch-like tree for writing
on

bko'jan n.m. (dial.) meals ; victuals ,

* food [S]

bhmtckak'ka adv . (same as jgy? adj . ir)

j/fbhor N.F. (rare) dawn . early morning :
daybreak ; break of day

131

UA

W adj. (p.tfjj* bkoort) buff (paper,
etc.) aubpra (hair) brownish

ijftibaho'ra, baha're ka khans n.m.

meals sent to groom’s house along with
bridal procession

XSjtfbhoo'ia n.m. chaff srra w (fp? bhoosi
n.f. husk bran

fo/fbhos'ra n.m. vagina bkos'rt n.f.

y dim) vagina (derog,[ woman
JyfHuok n.f. hunger appetite ir^ed;

want desire keenness lust CvJjf

thook' tag 1 ns v.i feel hungry l ‘Aj’isJj*
faook' pyss' mar'na v.t. repress" one’s
appetite mortify oneself Ijljfcbhook' mar' ns

v.i. lose appetite be np longer hungry
N.m lose of appetite V/jM bhook'kot mar’na
v i. starve to death ijljfc bhoo'koh mar' ns v.i
famish ; die of hunger be hard up

bhotk' hartal n.f. hunger-strike tfjfbhoo'ka
A0J. (v. Jrfbfaooki') huugry starving .
famished desirous needy

Qjjtbheg'ns v i. suffer endure

{ )jtf bhool n.f forgetfulness ; oblivion
oversight mistake , fault oversight
lapse omission J
bhool bhulayyan n.f. maze ,

labyrintlj baffling matters Jyf'j
jyiff'tJfbkool' tfiook' le’m de’m ph.
errors and omissions excepted ; e.

& o.m. Cjjrjy? bhool ' shook mo' of

ph . oversight overlooked bhool' ke

bhina’hln, jWjferJ^bkoo'h se bhi na'fcft ph.
never, under no circumstances . (not) even by
mistake [

bho'la adj. (f Jjtf) . simple artless,
guileless inexperienced innocent
childlike Dbflbf bho'la bha'la adj. innocent ,
guileless bho' la-pan, ^yfbhol-pan n.m

being childlike inexperience artless-
ness childlike innocence guileless beauty
JtW bhjo'li baleh n.f. pl. innocent
prattle comments lacking shrewdness

ifybho'li bho'li ba'tefi n.f. pl. innocent prattle
Wj/fbhool na v.t. forget , become oblivious
miss err stray be deluded . be
deceived be misled go astray estray
IrtQffbhoo'la burs adj. bhoo'b

bts'rl) forgotten (matter, story callei, etc.) lijf
bhoo’la bkat'ka adj. (k Jfj bhoo’ti
bha t'kii striy traveller etc .t&s'Jy* bho'H

soo'rat n.f. innocent looks
(Jjtfbhoo'ml n.f. (dial.) land . place (usu. ut)
ja'nam bhoo'nd n.f. birthplace
native land [S]

4 , Jjefbhauit n.f. eyebrow

ka gi’lah afikh’ ke sam'ne prov. complain
against someone before his friends Lj
l‘tpjr)bha'veit tan'na (or ckarha'na) v.i. Chit
the brow become angry
^j£bka'van n.m. (dial.) house ; building [8]

horn (of car, etc.)

earth

yytbhoiipoo n.m.

•t hooter

(J bhaUchal' N.M. earthquake
X, tremor ; quake [ ~ OJ e f~ O']

bhaufi’chak'ka K>j4bhau'(hak'kd AJDv,
*ighast ; astonished flabbergasted Clfijl&i*
bhaufi'&ak'ka raihja'na v i. be struck aghast
be flabbergasted

3 fiA bhoii'doo n.m. simpleton . booby . noodle
greehhom

ifrjSbim 'dii adj. (f. (fj.'yfbh, i'di) awkward
ugly ungainly deformed
unlucky bhaii' da-pan n.m. ugliness
awkwardness

I \Jyf bhauh'ra (or bhaufira) N.M.

moth-like insect black
beetle cellar (fi/sfbhmh'it,

bkaho'ri n.f. female black beetle

Datch of hair growing in a distinct circle
bhmtfik'hav.i. bark talk foolishly
y CdJj^bkatritka'na v.t, cause to bark,
bhofikna v.t. thrust , drive
chkura bhohk'na v.t. stab
tyyt bhoon’na v.t. roast parch fry
* bum torment Oljyyfbhoon dit'na v.t.

bum torment Wyyf bhoon' kha'na v.t.
roast and eat squander
yrffbho"* (mode, of address) dear friend
look ABB.JU')

) (/, ba'hi n.f, day-book old type accounts

book sown at end 2 | /'tf ba'hi kha'ta n.m.
daybook and ledger accounts fojp/rf
bo! ft par chaih&'na v.t. enter in day-boolt
itfbe'to n.f. quince s>>ybtfh-d&'nak, *fc*t
beh-da nah n.m quince-seed (used as drug)
(PJ .

slfLf'- btht-khshj adj well-wisher

bt h-kha'hin.r. good wishes
being a well-wisher (P ~ <f ) <

(f.bta adv. also , too even as well
as well as likewise moreover

l&bha/ja n.m (usu. with pl. v.) brother
elder brother (term of endearment)
flear broth** (.node of address) dear friend

l-'M

Ibaiangk adj. terrible , dreadful ;

** * frightful ; formidable dismal
desolate

**,.oS bitit n.f. wall embankment
*** vestige of dilapidated bouse

\ jtfbbi'tar adv indoors inside within

/*•*

ifgbtuja N.M. brain grey matter (ani-

*** mal’s) brain (used as food) Cl/' Iff? bhe 'j'a |
kha'n&m. bother tire out with questions
^fjfbkefrta v t. send despatch remit

*** transmit gram ; bestow
jjfb’ked N.M. secret mystery point

t \ j^fbhtd ps'ng v.t. , discover a
secret solve a mystery bhtd' de'na v.t.

divulge a secret give a chic 1 /jibbed’
rgkk'na v.i. keep a secret lpj//dbhed khol'na
v.t. divulge a secret betray a confidence
tyf bhtd le'na v.t. find out a secret
spy • pry into worm oneself into another’s
confidence J^bhe'di n.m. jx-rson in the
know Of a secret confidant
ghat' kn bht'di fab'ka dba"e frov. betrayers
turn victories into defeats
W t bahli n.f. camp followers baggage of
/** army lines near army camp where
soldiers, families live H^f'.bahjr' bub'ga n.m.

rabble of camp followers ‘impedimenta*

of an army

tjUbkai’tok n.m. one of the major modes of
"'•* classical Indo*Pakistan music connected
with early winter (j^bkair'a, J^bbkaira’vik
n.f. name of an early morning musical mode
lUV/l » N.F. crowd , throng ; press . multitude
*** nufo ; concourse *(/ /f.bbir' bhar,/i#jZf.
M|r bkarak'kn N.M. crowd ; rush c6 tybklr'
leg' mu v.s. (of people) gather in large numbers
{'£j *J' bkir laga'n* v.T. collect concourse ;
gather people (round oneself)

£gfMur n.f, sheep ewe blur' dal

Asl N f. mob mentali-
ty following a custom blindly craze /juf
C^fbkr\’ kagoskl n.m. mutton ijgbhtra n.m.
ram

l^ffbehtia n.m. belcric myrobalan

I //bbe'riya n.m. wolf bktriya

5/ » (see under fjf,bkef)

( t+bhes n.m. guise disguise garb

**** feigned appearance assumed likeness
O-tof^bfus' ba’dal'na V.i. disguise oneself
change ihc guise

n.f. alms chanty
•• * bhik' ka tblk'ra n.m. beggar’s bowl
bhV;' maiig'tia v.t. beg beg alms
^J^bkig'na, llft^fbktg' ja na v.i. get wet

** * become moist be drenched (of
whiskers) grow (of nigbl) be advanced
bki'gi billi Pii. wolf in sheep's clothing
OS^J'.bki'gt billi bata'na ph. prcvcricatc
shun ; work thus

jUfbhit n.m. name of an aboriginal tribe of the
4/ ** Indo-Pakistan sub contidcnt
tffbkeTt N.F / get' H bke'ti n.f. lump
*’ of raw sugar

[Zgtbhai’na n.f. voc. (dial.) sister

J> /j dfbiuM‘ N v. sacrifice bhrfi\'

" choTkana v.t. sacrifice for
bhefit charh'na v.i. be sacrificed for
£/jf{bhU)ch ns v.i press squeeze is'f

v ' hhimhna v.i. be pressed be squeezed

n.f. (female) buffalo ; water
buffalo l/ff bhaift'sp n.m. (male) buffalo
water buffalo C\}f (£//•£ rfffbk.aibs' kt age bin
bpja'na ph. caste (one’s) pearls before swine
tfwfbkoitiga adj. & N.M. fpfff
" bhaingi, squint-eyed (person).

bhaiti' ga-pan n.m. squint
J^bhi'n^Jff&fbkA’rit bki'ni ADJ.
mild (scent)

it bi affix, (somewhat respectful

V * title for women used as pref. or suf. with

I 4 b

their names) Mrs. Miss n.f. lady JJV.
ba'ri bi n.f. old woman grandmother
senior woman in t)ic house n.f.

young Miss little woman Jii,bi'bi n.f.
lady respectable woman housewife ,

mistress of the Muse affix (respectable title
for woman used as prff. or suf. with names)
Mrs. Miss

_ be voc. par, (familiarly or contemp

* tuously used for men and male childrenj
0 ; ohPRON. you

fj^fcePREF, not without lacking

* in ; un ; il- . dis* ; un- . -lesswi ^brab'

adj. waterless lustreless dull lack-
lustre A'b- o- gay ah' adj. barren

desolate bt~aV*iQO adj shameless
disreputable ignoble ignominious

133

^)/t^be-ab-roo n l n . f . disgrace dis-
honour n . f . discord lack

■of unity want of harmony fyjLbe-a'sar adj.
unaffective ineffectual inefficatious
powerless having no voice lacking force
not producing the desired effect >(>f 4-
ehtiyat' adj, careless ; negligent ; reckless
indiscreet ; imprudent intemperate

not caring (or health J'^I^Lbe-eitijia'd n.f.

carelessness negligence incautious*
ness imprudence indiscretion intem-
perance indifference to hygienic rules or
dietary nguteitionsj&t^be-ikhtiyar' adj.
helpless having no control powerless ;
wielding no authority having no- choice
faced with no alternative adv. involuntarily
ifjl^'ltLbt’ikhtiya’ri n.f. helplessness

powerlessness lack of choice adj. invo-
luntary ^jU^bt-a'dab adj. disrespectful

insubordinate rude impudent inso-
lent unmannerly faidL-Pe-a'dabi n.f. dis-
respectful rudeness impudence

insubordination un mannerliness /i4-

be-arom' adj. uncomfortable (ftil d~~be-
sra'nd n . f . lack of comfort restlessness
uneasiness < J^l^be-os'l adj . unfounded
groundless baseless^ 1 ^. be-eUibar' adj.
unreliable untrustworthy of no

CKdiufJ&ld'be-e‘tiba'ri n.f. untrust-
worthiness mistrust ; distrust dis-
credit adj. immoderate

intemperate J lJ>l*Lbe-e'tidali n.f. im-
moderation intemperance; &'U r be-c‘tiqad’

adj. disbelieving lacking faith incre-

duloustfiplZ^e-s'h'jadi disbelief lack
of faith JliJl^rbt-iltifa'ti n.f, disregard;
want of regard unconcern ; indifference

inattention inconsiderateness

be-imtiyaz' ADv. without discrirninationt/ifAii,
be-intizB'rrd N/F. mismanagement bung-
ling Cf‘\d r be-inUha' adj. extreme unli-
mited ; endless * boundless infinite adv.

extremely infinitely „;/>*» 4, be-ahda'zah adj,
countless numberless adv. extremely

infinitely CtW^rbe-insaj' adj. unjust ,
iniquitous unfair, j [i>iLbe-aulad' adj. child-
less ; issueless (j be-imsn' dishonest ;
lacking integrity unprincipled having
no conscience faithless ; infidel l'/&UU r
bt-ima’tS, kar'na v.l, act dishonestly cheat
misappropriate embezzle . defalcate

play false ; betray JU’.bt-baq' adj. clear
(account) paid up or off having no
arrears tj/jl $bt-batf kar’na clear pay
uptrfjU bt-baq' ho'na v.i. be cleared ; paid
settled be paid up or off jLfbe-ba'qi n.f.
settlement (of account) repayment
quittance Jfu.be-bak’ adj. bold fearless
daring J^.be-ba'kt n.f. boldness

fearlessness temerity yjJbdL-be-ba'l-o par
adj. helpless powerless having no

resourcess unplumed unfledged i)A^

be-badai adj. incomparable match-

less unique inimitable jl t
bar'g-e bar' adj. (of tree) bare ; desiccated
j-^^r be-bos' adj. helpless powerless

weak having no authority (ff^be-ba'n
n.f. helplessness powerlessness
debility weakness ; Igij, be bUnjad 1 adj.
unfounded groundless basseless

be-baha adj. invaluable very precious
of inestimable value ly^^be-baih'rah adj.
unfortunate unsuccessful deprived

(of) lacking jljfaL'be- pn'yak ADJ, un-
fa thomed abysmal baseless ; unfounded

be-par'dagi n.f. going about unveiled

unveiling being open to view ex-
•posure of residents to neighbours' view *^4"
bt-par'dah adj. nnveiled going about un-
veiled (of house) exposing its residents to
neighbours’ view 0 ^ 4 - be-parva' adj. care-
less ; heedless negligent inconsiderate

unconcerned ; indifferent above want ;

content be-parva'ya'nah adv. fit adj.

indifferent(ly) ; unconcernedly) careless(ly)
contented (Iy^J/jL/4, be-parva"l n.f care-
lessness negligence indifference

pir' adj. unskilful cruel merciless 4-/# Ae-

tab' adj. impatient restless fidgety
anxious ; keen PbOibe-taba'nah adj. fit adv.
impatient(ly) restless(ly) anxious(ly)

keen(ly)^Pt be-ta'bi n.f. impatience
restlessness keenness; anxiety
tasir' adj. (of drug, etc.) useless ; inefficacious
J V’tir be-tal adj. outof tune 1) i^be-ta’am'mlU
adv. pat unhesitatingly ; without hesita-
tion without deliberation adj. promptl%&-
be-tajfa’sha adv. excessively ; extremely
rashly; recklessly headlong £A*L*be-
tadbir’ adj. imprudent indiscreet re-
sourceless be-tadbi'n n.f. imprudence
indiscretion resource] essness be
ta'al'luq adj unconnected ; unrelated iuv

concerned ; indifferent (f^A'bt-ta.'al'lurfl n.f.

being unconnected or unrelated in-
Aifitnntyff^bt-taqsU' ad;.' innocent ; blame-
less guiltless • not guilty innocent adv.
without one's fault ; through no fault of his
jA^^be-takal'lnf adj. frank informal
unceremonious (of friends) fast ; close ;
intimate adv. frankly ; openly intimate-
ly > HJ^L-be-takal'lifa'nah adv. Sc adj. |
frank(ly) intimate(Iy) J^2~-be-takal’lufi
n.f. frankness informality J~ / 4'be-tamiz
adj. uncivil unmannerly ; mannerless
silly bt-Uwaj'jok adj, inattentive
inadvertent be-tavaj'joki n.f.

inattentiveness ; lack of attention inadver-
tancc indifference l/&*L-betfuka'na adj.

(of talk) meaningless (of person) seldom
found at home uncertain ^U'^be-sabat’ adj.

impermanent unstable transitory

passing inconstant “(}^'4 J ' faba' li n.f.
impermanence instability ransitoriness
> 4* be-sa'mar adj. fortkfr v unfruitful ;

infructuous vain ; unsuccessful 4-bt m
t a' mart N.F. fruitlessness vanity ; futility
failure ifd-be-ja' adj. . improper illtim-
ed unreasonable out of place ; misplac-
ed wrong I’tfif^be-ja ho'na v.i. be
improper be ill-timed impropriety ^ 144 -
he-jan' adj. lifeless dead inanimate

listless fjT^'be-jur'm adj. innocent ; fault-
less b^be-jor' adj. unmatched ; unsuit-

able inharmonious discordant uiftbe-
cfo'rah adj. (f. tfjtfbe-cka'n) (col .eg bichara
m. ^/14 f. bickart) ' poor unfortunate

miserable £,1^4 be-ckirazh’ adj. _ (of home)
childless (rare) (of place) dark ; unhghted
, jrjtfSJr be-chp 0 ' n-o-tJiir a adv. & adj. t un-
esitatmg(ly) without demur unquestion-
ably) be-ikairi adj. _ restless un-

easy won-ied ; anxious (jjgjrbe-ckai m n.f.
uneasiness restlessness" anxiety ; worry
be-bal' ADJ. out of sorts ; out of con-
dition indisposed weary ; tired miser-
able on the verge of death J >4* be-ba'li
n.f. miserable plight ^i/'^-be-bijab adj.
unveiled immodest unreserved
hf-bijab’nak adv. unveiled immodestly
unreservedly ^^<4 be-biji'ln n.f. going
about unveiled immodesty be-hadd'
mfj. boundless ; endless adv. extremely
xccssively infinitely be-ha'rakat adj.

motionless still immobile £SjiLbt~
ffur'mal adj. disgraced molested with-
out any sense of prestige (j^J^bt-Aar’mafl
n.f. disgrace molestation (f^-be-Ai*' adj.

unconscious senseless w CzZL-be-hisab'
adj. excessive unlimited countless
innumerable be-fau'talah ADJ. weak

dispirited ; spiritless having no guts <4"
ft*? be-ftau' salagV n<F. weakness lack of

guts want of enterprise unenterprising ;
unadventurous adj. shameless

immodest impudent : bare-faced ;

brazen-faced filf^be-haya’i n.f. shameless-
ness immodesty impudences

adj. without thorns beardless minion
ij jiirJ' be-kha n-o-mah adj. homeless
destitute driven from home be-kha' bar

adj. unknowing ignorant stupid

careless ; negligent uninformed ; not well-

posted be- kha'ban n.f. ignorance

stupidity Ut?J r be-khata adj. innocent guilt-
less blameless (rare) infallible be-
kha' tar adj. safe undaunted be-
khsb' adj. sleepless restless • uneasy
JJ/^be-khabi n.f. sleeplessness in-
somnia restlessness jJ'4'be-khud' adj.
transported ; enraptured ; in ecstasy intoxi-
cated ; inebriate unconscious beside

oneself (with) unegoistic ; selfless (fjjZbe -
khii’di n.f. ecstasy ; rapture inebriety
unconsciousness forgetfulness of ego ;
selflessness jl/,be-dad' n.f. ^injustice ; ini-
quity tyranny ; oppression /) Ufi be-d ad’ -gar
J>, j (v. be-dad’-pe' shah adj. unjust ; ini-
quitous tyrannous; tyrannical
adj. spotless immaculate unblemish-
ed innocent ^jJ,lf()l>4b~dal' ka boo' dam ph.
(same as ( f b4' be ' dam '>

be-di'ram adj. & adv. got^ without incurring
any expense(^4'f;^b4' bah'da-e be-d ant'
(or be-di'ram) devoted servant slave got
freejj’itye-damsb adj. foolish short-sight-
ed imprudent (f^igbe-da nishi n.f. folly
imprudence Srl^.be-da'nah adj. seedless vd?.'
be-dakh’l adj. evicted ; ejected (/*tbe-dak^U
n.f. eviction ; ejectment jjM, Be-dard’ adj.
cruel ; merciless ruthlessJ^fc-rfflnfc'naA
adv, & adj. mercilessly) ; rutlilessly^4^-
dar’dl n.f. mercilessness ; cruelty jhi^be-
darmati adj. ( incurable bala'-e b*

dar’malt n.f. unavoidable calamity

135

J.

dar'd-e be-darmafd n.m. incurable ailmentu^-H I
he-darafig' adv. at once ; without delay
unhesitatingly $J^tbe-dare%h f adj. unstinted
ungrudging adv. ungrudgingly blind-
ly rashly b b-das't-o-pa’ adj .

crippled helpless resourceless power-
less ftlj ^yjtLbe-dos't-o pa”i n.f. being
crippled helplessness lack of resources
powerlessness d-fcbe-dil’ adj. sad ; deject-
ed dispirited disgruntled chagrined
loving ; devoted n.m. devotee lover
(jjS' -be-di'li "n.f. dejection dissatisfaction
chagrin lack of hope devotion; love
be-dam’ adj. breathless lifeless fatigu-
ed ; dead tired C^be-dimagh' adj. irri-
table impatient senseless indifferent
J'tjs.be-dima'gtji n.f. irritability indiffe-
renceljjjrbe-dava adj. incurable (orJypiL)
be-dhn'xak adv. rashly readily
fearlessly without fear or hesitation bold;

fearless : dauntless ; undaunted c^L-be-diri
adj. faithless ; irreligious dishonest
unreliable^* n.f. lack of faith; irre
ligiousness dishonesty ftej^be-daul' adj.
ugly ; ungainly shapeless ; unshapely
disproportionate awkward L^Xtbe-dhab' adj.

awkward ugly unmannerly tJjitLbe-
zauq' adj. unappreciative , lacking taste
(for fine arts) tasteless ; insipid ; without
relish fti)4-be-zau'qt n.f. lack of taste ,
inappreciation tastelessness inspidity

be-rak' adj. wrong, erring

walking in sinful ways ; debauched ; dissolute
not on the right path (fjj s 1<L be-r ah' -rati
N f. debauchery not being on the right
path Jfi/sLbe-rab't adj. irregular, contrary

disjointed , unconnected incongruous
delirious p Pj 4-be-rab' ti n.f being dis-

jointed incongruity fj^be-raih'm adj.
cruel merciless ; ruthless tyrannous ;

tyrannical (frf be-taih'mi n.f. cruelty

tyranny be-rok' tok adv. without let

or hindrance ; unhindered ijtLbe-nya' adj.
sincere ; candid guileless unpretentious

not showy 3 ly^be-riya’i n.f sincerity;
candour unpretentiousness lack of show
be-ttsh' adj. beardless n m. minion >*-!/.£•
be-re'shah adj. (ibreless . without fibre j 1%.
be-zar adj. disgusted (with) .sick (of) ;
fed up (with) chagrined (fjljfbe-za'ri n.f
disgust chagrin^./^,/) s-^aian' adj.
dumb j mute speechless quiet ; taciturn

helpless n.m. brute ft[!d-be-zaba'rn n.f.
dumbness muteness specchlessness

taciturnity helplessness Jjd' be-za*' adj.

poor ; destitute having no wherewithal ;
moneylesstf;j*£-be-za'ri’ n.f, poverty

want jSfy } be-za'n-o-jaTzati' adj.

widower bachelor • unmarried jjjJf-be-
zor' adj. weak powerlessii>C/>*-{f^Ar-
ze'b-o zi’nat adj. inelegant unadorned
‘^^be-sa^h'tahAD). artless natural

spontaneous ; unpremeditated adv. art-
lessly extempore ; impromptu unpreme*
ditatedly be-sakh'tagi'^^d i/^be-sskh'ta-

ban n.m. artlessncss unstudied or natural
behaviour unpremeditated; spontaniety
be-sabab’ adj. without rhyme or
reason unfounded khan adj.
quiet taciturn j/^^be-sU'ra adj.

out of tune unmusical t / ^^be-sa’r-o-pa

adj. absurd ; baseless without head or
tail ; unreliable ; untrustworthy
be-sa'r-o-saman’ adj. without means un-
provided unequipped ; not fully-equipped ;
lacking necessary equipment ft l Uj/SdLr be-
sa'r-o-sama’m n.f. poverty lack of means
hetylcssness^ydf' be-saH'qaA adj. im-
polite ; unmannerly clumsy ; awkwaed
unaccomplished unskilful unmethodical
be-satl'qagl'H.r. lack of manners
want of accomplishments unskilfulncss

lack of method awkwardness ; clumsiness
be-shar'm adj. shameless immo-
dest immoral impudent gCrt^be-sbar' mi
n.f. shamelessness immodesty immo-
rality impudence b-AtPoor’ adj.
unmannerly Stupid ignorant

be-sho'oo'ri n.f. unmannerliness stupidity
ignorance be-shak'k-o-ihub'h adv.

certainly ; undoubtedly ; doubtlessly
be-sh itnar' adj. innumerable ; numberless ;
countless numerous^?'^ be-sab'r

be-sab'ra) adj. impatient restless
anxious (fafdr bcsab'fi n.f. impatience
restlessness anxiety M&4rkt’za’bitah adj. ^

irregular unlawful unmethodical^*?!^
be za'bitagi (col, brzab'Jogt) n.f. irregu-
larity unlawfulness <5^ adj.
weak enervated powerless ftrlbJLbe-

ta'qaR n.f. weakress powerleanes
be-ta'h, be-ta'rah (col.) adv. excessively ; et-
ceedinly inextrically adj. (of ‘ghazaP) not
to the set pattern zJ^^be-imf adv . t ex-

sz±

136

cessively ; exceedingly inextricallyij^
be'iz'zat adj disgraceful disgraced
without any sense of honour J’/Zbe-'iz'zali n.f.
disgrace be-'aq'l adj. unwise stupid
-br'aq'li n f. folly stupidity O&tL-
be~‘il'lai adj causeless be-' aib' adj.

faultless unblemished J'/Zt^be-gharaz adj
selfless disinterested unselfish ; hav-
ing no axe to grind Mj/eL-be-ghataza'nah aDv
& adj. unselfishly selflessly (J'/tUbe-

gha'razi n f unselfishness selflessness 4-

be %hil'l-o gkish adj pure un-
adulterated plain ; straightforward

be-gham' adj happy knowing no grief

J^j/fiL-be-gbau'r-o fik'r adv unpremedi-
tated(ly) thoughtlessly) jy^L-be-^naVrat
adj. shameless immodest wanton n.m
cuckold D^fiL-be ghai'rati n.f shamelessness
immodesty wantonness cuckoldry

fjliti.be fa'idah adj. useless ; in vain of
no consequence Unprofitable silly ,
absurd ill-timed brfikr' (col.
be-fik'ja) adj. free from care or anxiety
thoughtless , unreflecting inconsiderate
eontented (jji^be-fik'n n.f. freedom from
care or anxiety contentedness unconcern

thoughtlessness J^fd^be-faiz adj. & n.m.

miserly ungenerous JJi'tL-bc-qa boo adj.
wayward ncqjitrollcd ; uncontrollable

out of one’s reachJJ tig-bc-qa'idagi n.f. irre-
gularity disarrangement fy\£/be-qa''idah

adj. irregular unlawful ungrammati-

cal not properly arranged j^Ji-be-qad'r
adj. worthless ; unimportant not in de-
mand ungrateful ; thankless JjjttL-be-qad'n
n.f. worthlessness disesteem ingrati-
tude Jyit be- qarztr' adj. uneasy ; restless

impatient anxious perturbed be-

qara'ri n.f. restlessness impatience
anxiety perturbation jj&^bt qUsuor' adj.

faultless not guilty innocent
be-qusoo’rt n.f. faultlessness innocence
ifO'JL'bc-qiyas' adj. immense unlimited
inconceivable J&be-kar’ adj. unemploy-
ed ; jobless idle worthless ; unserviceable
useless silly ; absurd unprofitable lt/j&
he-kar' kar'na v.t. render . useless make
unserviceable throw out of \ob(Jj\Jg>b-ka'ri
n.f. unemployment idleness worth-
lessness absurdity bt-karafi' adj.

boundless . shoreless immense enormous

y**f.bc'-kai adj helpless lonely forlorn

destitute HtJf.be~kasa'nah adv. & adj.
helplessly) alone be-kas\ n.f. help-
lessness loneliness destitution
ka'fan adj. unshrouded J^d-be-kal' adj rest-

less uneasy disturbed (fA^be-ka'h n.f.
restlessness , uneasiness ci^/j/^be-kam-o-kas’t
adv. & adj. exact(ly) - accurate(ly)
without any omission jC^tL-be-khaj' ke adv.

unhesitatingly undauntedly doubtless-

ly (jU>dLbrgumati adj. ^doubtless with-
out the least suspicion t \£.be-gunah' adj.
blameless guiltless sinless innocent
&*^JL~brlibaz‘ adj. impertinent incon-
siderate adj. tasteless insipid

dull unpleasant j^tL-be-lut'fx n.f.
tastelessness dullness insipidness un-
pleasantness ('&4'bt-lagam' adj. unbridled
wayward uncontrollable ^ lJ r be-ma'yok

adj. poop ; indigent resourceless
mean ; \ovt(f\*L-be-ma'’igi (or ped. be-ma'yagi
n.f. poverty ; indigence resourcelessness
meanness J%“- be-mis'l adj. incompar-
able matchless ; unparalleled ; peerless ;
unequalled unique USeLbe-moha'bs adv.

undauntedly ; fearlessly unhesitatingly
adj. fearless ; undaunted ^ JLbe-mahal' adj.

improper ill-timed out of place
be-muruv'vat adj. unkind ungrateful
inhuman impolite lij/eL-be-muruv'vatl n.f.

unkindness ingratitude uncivilityj/^
be maz'gi (ped. ma'zagi ) n.f. tastelessncss
insipidity unpleasantness ^tibc-ma' zah adj.

tasteless insipid unpleasant j^eLbt-
ma''na (or be-ma‘'ni) adj. meaningless
silly ; foolish absurd useless ; vain
be-maqdoor' adj. powerless resourcelcss
weak jjoor tfjiMfti- be-maqdoo'ri n.f.

powerlessness proverty lack of resources
t^y^be-min’nat adj. without incurring obliga-
tion be-mausim adj. (col. m.

be-maus'ma, f. be-maus'mi) unseason-

able out of season gf eg-be-mau'qa 1 (pcd.j*y<f-
be mau'qe'i) adj. improper ; inopportune
ill-timed ; untimely out of place
inapt be-mau'qa * mahal' adj. & adv.

inopportune ill-timed yS. be-meh'r abj.
unkind ; cruel unfaithful tf/rf'. be-meh' ri
n.f. unkindness ; cruelty unfaithfulness
bt-na'm-o nishafi’ adj: unknown

unidentified insignificant issueless
^wiped out adj. (of sale, etc.) in

another’s name bt-nasiV adj. un-

137

#•

fortunate cursed be-nas'bi n.f. mis-

fortune ; ill-luck be-na&r adj. incom-
parable matchless ; unparalleled ; unequall-
ed ; peerless unique >mXi^-be-na'mak adj.

insipid unattractive saltless ir*Lbe-

na'maki n.f. insipidity unattractiveness

being yrithout salt f C'j be-nafi'g-o-nam,

Lj ^'d-bc-nati g-o- namoos' adj, charac-
terless notorious without sense of honour
\jdi*bMuaa' adj. poor ; indigent ; destitute
jjJ; -be-noor' adj. without light; dark (of
eyes) blind jdeL-be-niyaz adj. without want
independent ; free carefree unconcerned
indifferent (fjdd-- be-niya \ji n.f. indiffer-

ence independence^* J-^Lbe-nai'l-e maram '
adv. unsuccessful fjtL-be-vaj'h adj. cause-
less without rhyme or reason tfjiJ>bevaz'n
adj. not weighty ; insignificant worth-
less (fj^be-va'tan adj. homeless away
from homeland tfj^be-va' tarii n.f, homeless-
ness be-vafa adj. faithless ungrate-

ful treacherous ; perfidious "i} \)/i be-vafa” i
n.f faithlessness ingratitude treachery

perfidy be-vaqar' adj. undignified
disreputable be-vaq'ri n.f. blow to

jrresugc&j^be-vaq't adJ. & adv. / out of

season untimely ill-timed
bevaq't ki rsg'm ga'na, \^JiS($&>j*Lbe-
vaq't ki shailwa”i baja'na ph. do (or say) some-
thing at a time when nobody is prepared to
appreciate if ; do ill-timed (things) Cj 'jjf; be-
vuqoof adj. silly ; foolish ; stupid gulli-
ble unwise ignorant be-vuqoof'

banana (or simply 1‘Cj; banana) v.t. ridicule
make a fool (of) ; make fun (of) J JS-be-
vaqoo'fl n.f. foolishness ; stupidity want
of understanding lack of wisdom igno-
rance t 2 *SJL-be'kim'mat adj. unambitious :
unaspiring unadventurous ; unenterprizing
cowardly ; pusillanimous lazy ; slothful :
indolent Cfd-be-hamta' adj. unique
peerless incomparable be-hu'nar adj.

unskilful unskilled unaccomplished

^t^J^bt-hahgam' adj. untimely Cjfd^bc

. hah' gam adj. unwieldly egregious

be-hoo'dagi n.f. absurdity folly breach
of etiquette frivolity obscenity»j>vIA«-

hoo'dah adj. < absurd foolish unman-
nerly obscene frivolous adv. foolishly
idly /urC’brhoo' da-go adj. one. who
talks nonsense foul-mouthed person

be-hoo'd<rgo”l n.f. talking nonsense idle
talkt/%2* be-hosK adj. unconscious sense-

less in a fit careless ; inattentive
be-ho'M unconsciousness senselessness
carelessness [~ P]

ba'ya (dial, bay'ya) n.m. weaver-
** bird

^)i\^bayaban' (til.tfty.baya'bafi) n.m.

1 ’"desert; wilderness (jlC.jtfi
ijar' bayaban' n.m.. wasteland
baya'bah gard^fy^ t U bay a' bah naoard' n.m.

wanderer one traversing deserts # tU
bayaba'ni adj. desert ; of the desert wild
n.m. wanderer [P ~ *— '+ ]

fris.bayaj' n.m. (dial.) interest [S]

(f'isbaya'si adj. & n.m. eighty-two
** baya' Avail adj. eighty-second
ifUbayaz' n.f. commonplace-book n.m. white-

J neSS ^ i j

iji/baya'lis adj. & n.m. forty-two (Jjfd.

baya'lisvah adj. forty-second

fly, bayarri (rarest J, boyam') n.m. earthen jar

fA^bayan' (lit also -an) n.m. statement ;

** declaration account ; description
narration explanation (also dj?-/* ‘il'm-e
bayan ') branch of rhetoric dealing with meta-
phorical use of language bayan' ba'dalna
v. go back upon one’s statement ; prevaricate
bayan' de'na v.i. (in law-court) make a
statement ; declare i/dj* bayan kar'na v.t.
state relate ; narrate ; recount des-
cribe l< bayaniy'yah adj. & n.m. narrative
[A]

ITU baya'n a v. (of animals) bring forth young

pt** biyah' (or by ah') n.m. marriage ; wedding ;
*** wedlocklV/fL-' 4:>aA' ra&a'na v.t. celebrate
a marriage (• /, C. biyah' kar'na v.t. & I. marry
be married t'i/ #U biyah la'na v.t. bring home
(the bride) ^."biya'ha, adj. (F.tfJ>»5'fo)
married biyah' ta n.f. married woman adj.

duly married (wife)(^U.6i>aA'na v.t. marry
give away in marriage t.^d'. bin-biya’ha
. adj. unmarried ; bachelor^ a/, bin biya'tA
adj. unmarried (girl) ; virgin spinster
J A Mbi n.f. lady title of respect (also
’./as tfjyltn'bifi) Mrs. ; Miss
0% bait' tl adj. unfortunate (woman)

j[*PJ>epar N.M. ifjl£bepa'ri n.m. (same as

y **N.M. ifl/Ajr.NM. it)

tm^bait n.f. distich ; couplet n.m. house;

abode cell ’t-ullah’ ' n.m. the

Holy Ka’bah (as the House of Allah
bai’ t-ul-har&m' n.m. the Holy Ka’bah (as the
Sacred Hous e)cJp^l»C^.bai't-ul huz'n (or ha'zan)
n.m. house in which Jacob bewailed
Joseph’s separation cell of sorrow
bait-Ul’khala' n.m. latrine ; lavatory ; privy
C KTlC^.bait-ul-aRq' n.m. the Holy Ka'bah
(as the most Ancient House)

'ahkaboot' N.M. (rare) spider’s web (met.)
something very huikj^L^.bai't-ut-gha'zal n.m.
best verse (of ode, etc.) /‘Ltfbai't-ul-lah'm
n.m. Bethlehem ; birthplace of Jesus
bai't-Ul-mal' n.m. public exchequer ; treasury
J r^itS*ibai't-Sl-ma‘moor' n.m. the Inhabited
House ; prototype of the Holy Ka’bah in
heaven (jtiPizgbai't-ul-muqad'-das (or bai'l-ul-
maq’dis)(j£3lal~qvd's n.m. the Dome of the Rock
ifjl&s.bait'-bazi n.f. verse-recitation contest ,
a contest in which each opposed team has to
recite a couplet beginning with the last letter
of the couplet recited by the adversaries [A]

*1 ZtSbet n.m. cane [~P xcorr.]

n.m. ghost ; goblin ; fiend
'* baital’ paehejii'si n.m. title of a book com-
prising twenty-five tale* narrated by a ghost

[S]

I V.t. befall happen (of life)
*•* pass ; elapse (of time) elapse become

a thing of the past

t£i/bit N.f. droppings (of a bird)

♦♦ •

Jtte’bait. n.m. bat [E]

♦* *

Ifybi’ta N.M. son boy (endearingly
to eit)ier sex) my child CV> \£r. beta banana,
bl^iftybe'ta god' le'tta v.i. adopt a son

be'i a be'ti n.m. PL., (someone’s) children
va’la (or va’le) n.m. groom’s
father (Or relations)

jfobai'tUk n.f. (unpretentious) drawing
** rooth a kind of exercise in which one
alternately squats and rises posture i^j
haitkak de'na v.i. convene of spiritual assembly
held to the accompaniment of dance and
music (esp. as practised "by women) foll.]
^Jpbaitk'na, L'U Jf. bait kja'na v.i. sit sit

".'down perch subside (of heart)

sink (of house, etc.) collapse (of boiled
rice) become a hash settle down (at bottom
!JsJL>Ja£baitk kar ni'kalna, v.i. (of moon) rise
late^on the 15 th night of each lunar month
Jlyf/baitb'vzfi adj. flat flat-bottomed
low bai'tke bitha"t, £-ilef&bai' the

bith'la'e, jf^bai'tke bai'tke adv. sud-

denly ; all of a sudden abruptly unexpected-
ly unjustly easily bai'tke raih’nit

v.i. stay on reside permanently (of
woman) stay at parents’ home 4)/^. bank' vail

AD J .

fjjbe't l N.F. daughter (endearingly) my

** child be’ti de’na v.t. give away one’s
daughter in mamage^bjtllbj^for't? va'la (or
va'le) n.m. bride’s father (or relations) [F ~ (J>. ]
£'• bij n.m. seed source ; origin VJ,

** bij' bo’na, Oit&bij dal'na V.i. sow
(fig.) enr; -1 ler ; sow die seed (of) (fig.) be
the cause of jlj£bij'-dar, jtf'bijtla adj. seedy
full of seeds j> jb ^bij’-mar kar'na v.t.
destroy the whole family (of) annihilate

f'.be'jo n.f. goal in children’s game called
""jAb n f. *

£*• bick n.m. middle centre mid ,
■'“midst interlude interval interstice

distance difference adv. in ; into
between ; among during ; (in the) mean-
t\m<AL-S'££ bitfi bicka”o n.m, ediation

settlement intervention (ty/b ) b’ffy&bitk'
bi^is'’o kar'na (or kar de’na ) v.t. mediate;
settle intervene i/ &bi(k' ka adj. inter-
val central medium average Jr l if Si.
bick' ki mg'H n.f.' middle finger £]*<&,'

meh par’na v.t. intervene arbitrate ;
mediate stand surety (for) /M‘ &ah HA
adv. right, in the huddle ” keeping clear
of the sides or edges centrally
Ifibi'fh a n.m. (nurs.) bogey ]
v"

i/l fibejia'rah adj. (see under <d-)

±Jtf / .bic£ak n.m. invoice
*.*"

[y.becjinav. t. sell; vend dispose of

transfer by sale bt&ne ke

la 'iq adj. saleable not worth retaining
a /frbeeli' kks'na v.t. sell away and
squander proceeds l)b*£;‘, beA'ne va'la n.m.
seller ; vendor

V bekh n.f. root origin foundation

bekh'- ka' ni n.f extirpation

extermination eradication annihila
tion l ' beklt'-ka’ni kar'na v.t. up-
root ; extirpate exterminate eradicate
annihilate [P]

X-'baid n.m. (dial.) same as J-jvaid n.m. ★

*'

ll/bed n.m. cane willow Ci^bed'-baJ n.m
** *(old use) cane-weaver basket maker
t>y^J>(p^bed' ki lar'h kafip'na v.i. tremble
with fear shiver in one’s shoes Vjljfibed'
mar'na v.t. cane flog Os*f&'.be'd-e maj'nooh
n.m. a species of willow t^&X>bed'-m7tshk n.m.

musk willow its essence [P]
tjS'bed n.m. (same ns)gjved n.m.

beddr adj. awake ; wakeful watch-
** ful ; vigilant alert >^jjUibedar'-bakh’t
adj. lucky ; fortunate bedar'-ma$}'z adj.

wise intelligent " shrewd i/jbs.beda'rl
n.f. wakefulness vigilance alertness
l Cfi^H'dha adj. & n.m. person under influence
** of magic

j^bir' Ji vir n.m. (dial.) hero brother
•** adj ."brave 1‘jthir'ta n.m. (dial;) bravery;
gallantry [S]

ybair n.m. enmity ; animus ; animosity ;

** hostility malice ; ill-will ; grudgel

men bait' par' nn v.i. be bad blood between
( l ’JhVvi^.bair bahdk’na (or kar'na or
rakk'na )’v.t’ hate bear malice ; harbour
a grudge against (Ul^tjU^Aatr (or 1

nikal'nn) v.t. take revenge ; retaliate
avenge fjy^pbai'ti n.m. , [F.yfrfbai ran) enemy
adj. hostile malevolent
Iy 0 >b(r n.m. jujube ; a kind of berry
• •

Y \y^bair a n.m. bear ; table servant ; boy (~

** * Anglo-Pakistani [E bearer CORR.]

bai'rd n.m. tenon-like piece driven in wall
** to hold door frame in place
g,U bd'raj’ n.m. barrage IE]

^jj^bairag’ n.m. (dial.) renunciation of world-
*** ly pleasures; asceticism C \d*fjs.bairag'
le'na v.i. renounce worldly plcasuresji<6<nra'£l
n.m. (F. u /t / *baira'gan) (dial.) Hindu recluse
ascetic cross-shaped stick
/rV hit bn' h utl n.f. scarlet fly

jP ,

/***>£• boms' (ait la') n.m. barTister-at-law
*« j bai’raq n.m. pennon ; pennant ; flag
on spear standard ; banner ; ensign [Pj

bai'ran n.f. & adj. (see under jfbair km.

<&** 'ran n.m. (dial.) brother f-S /.bit)

yJM'berahg’ (or bai'rang) adj. (of letter, etc.)

** jxjstage unpaid ; bearing (postage) n m.
pl. ball bearing [E]

^/jfytr^bai’ rormtar n.m. barometer [E]

fjfobero'zah (coi.rjj/biro’zali) njh rosin
■** gnh'dah biro'zah n.m. resin f P]

^fabe'raoh Ji/.biroon prep. out outside
*’ aDv. outside i^'lfj/iberoan' idt n m.
suburbs (old use) overseas Jl r jgbcroorja t\
ADJ suburban rural outside n m (old
use) rustic Jfs!beroo'm adj. external outer
outside

(£/*bai'rt n.m. (see under S.bair n.m -fc)

& be'ri n.m. (see under f, ber n m. ft)

l^be'ta n.m fleet large boat raft <1^
** V/A I % [kd) be' id par kar'na (or laga'na)

v.t. bring success (to) relieve from
remove difficulties (of) (rare) forty across
i'y; jt l}uV)(ka) be’ra par' ho' aa v t achieve
success'; gain one’s object tide ovci a diffi-
culty (of boat, etc.) arrive at the destina-
tion

| fabn'ra n.m. prepared betel-leaf
*’ folded in triangular shape ; fm
triangular fold of betel-leaf l£; (K) IjKap
l‘(Jft(Aa) bi'ra iiika'na v.i. pick
or take up the gauntlcnt under-
take (to do something) (rare) |J?.

accent a folded betel-leaf
(fjfobe'ri - n.f. (usu. pl.) shackles; fetters
** irons chain irons for animals’ feet
boat boat-like bamboo basket for watering
fields, watering-basket ^O^P.be'riyah pai'na
v.i. be shackled'; be chained

be put in irons OijjlJkberiydfi IS,
4&lna v.t. shackle ; fetter put I fpw
in irons &VjlJ<be'tiyaA kai'na v.t jCjf
unfetter ; take off the chains ||T

set free ; liberate

(jfabl'ii n f a kind of inferior cigarette
'* tobacco rolled in cheap leaves ; ‘bidi’
/*bez suf sifting diffusing dispersing
*' tf/*be'z i suf. sifting diffusing dis-

persing (P ~ (j*K: 1

jl^bezar' adj. disgusted displaced
** annoyed bored i’J j^.bezar’ kar'na
v.t. disgust annoy bore lyrjl^.bezar'

ho' ns v.i be disgusted be annoyed

be bored i/j^beza’rt n.f. disgust dis-
pleasure annoyance [P]

(jr\b\s adj. & n m twenty J^Ms'vsfi adj.

Iwenticth Jj^ibi'sofr, J*j>~£bi' siyofi adj.

many ; many a ; scores of numerous (rf bi'si
n.f score a collection of twenty
bi'si gki’si N.F. (woman) looking old while
yet in her twenties , teen-ager looking old too
sopn

jX^baisakh' n.m. second month of Hindu
's calendar (corresponding to April-May)
L*£baisakhi n.f. (esp. Sikh) fair held
on the first day of Baisakh (usu pl.)
crutch

be-suloon n m name of a Persian moun-
tain which lagendary lover Farhad had
to dig out a milk-canal to win the hand of
Shirin |P|

ft/^be'ean n.m. gram-flour be'sani ro'tl

n.f bread with condiments and gram-

flour in it ; salt pan-cake

bes'va n.f. prostitute, whore; harlot
loose woman

\y>, bis van adj., jrfbi' sob adj.,

** bi'siyoft adj., bi'si n.f. (see under

A # DJ. & N.M. T*f)

,'l^besh adj. more better superior

*'** excellent high (priced, etc.)
be'sh az besh’ (ped. Jljftbe'sh az pesh') adj.

more than ever evermore great deal

oft y'i/^besh baha' j^j/J^besb-qi'mat adj.
costly ; expensive precious bed±tar adj.

most major ; chief adv. mostly
often be'shi n.f. increase; enhancement
addition surplus excess
2j> e'shah n.m. wood ; forest ; jungle

" ‘wilderness [P]

{ti/ jbaiz a* adj. white bright ; luminous
** incandescent refulgent \jg£ya'd-t
baiza’ n.m. the refulgent hand (as one of the
miracles of Moses) [A - J'tt ]

ibai'zah n.m. egg (usu. pl.) testicle
baiz n.m. pl. (ped.) eggs J’jftbai'zavi
adj. oval [A J

jlS^bm'tar n.m. veterinary surgeon (old-
** use) Carrier ^U^baita'ri n.f. veterinary
science profession of a veterinary surgeon

IA)

tf'bai* n.f. sale deal v/gbar kar'na
"v.t. sell ; transfer by sale *si.'g : bai‘-na’mah
n M sale-deed (£s's&bai' t -o shara' n.f. sale
and purchase business transaction {A]
^lft/bai‘n‘nah n.m. earnest money Oji U; bai'a'nah
** de’na V.t. give earnest money : give
money in advance agree to sell U^Uc'Aa/'a'-
nah le'na v.t. reserve earnest money
agree to sell [A ~ prec.]

J£i*/bai'‘at n.f. ritual for accepting (to be-
come) a disciple oath of allegiance (to

a saint, etc.) homage ; fealty

(kt) bai"at kar'ns (or ho’na) v.t take the
oath of allegiance (to saint, etc ) ; become (his
disciple i% l i2*'.bai'‘at le'na v.t. administer art
oath of allegiance accept (someone) as a
discjple //

lm jfa'ba-yak‘ adv with onCt^C^Xyak' ba-yak'
adv. suddenly ; all of a Sudden
ba-yak' kirish'ma dii ksr' prov. kill two bir«Ts
with one stone

^sbi'ka adj. awry (usu. in) bi'ka

** na ho'na PH. escape unhurt be out of
harjn’s way

bai'g n.m. bag [E]

Xh n.m. (Mughal title of respect corres-
ponding to) Lord ; master ; boss suf (part
ofa Mughal Muslim name) [T] 4 . ,

J&ibegar' N.F. forced labour ; duress
" begat pakarna v.t. cause to work under
duress press (someone) into one’s service
Utj&i begat' lain a v.i. work carelessly;
work in a perfunctory manner not to have
one’s heart in the vtoekiSJd/.bega' n n.m. im-
pressed or forced labourer ; one working under
duress one working carelessly or in a per-
functory manner

yl {/.begs'nah n.m. unrelated person
" stranger unfriendly person adj. not
related (one) outside a group unfriendly-
callous strange ; queer y's&bega’na-
khoo' adj. unfriendly^ callous hard-
hearted ; adamant jbJblts.bcga'no-var adv &
adj. like a stranger callous (ly) in an
unfriendly manner indifferent(ly) tf’nfabega’nS
vaz'‘ p dj. queerly dressed strange-manner-
ed tf&bega'nagi n.f. not being related or
aquainted strangeness shyness un-
| friendliness

fib*' gam (ped. bt'gbm) n.f. wife part of
r female Muslim names (as title of respect

lady^t^C^ be' gam sa'hibah (col^byK be' gam
sab) n.f. mistress of the bouse lady-^U
£;)lsafcb aur bigam (col. sab-) Mr,, & Mrs.

master and mistress .of the house (f< be' garni
n.m. & adj. a superior quality of (rice)
a superior quality of (betel-leaf [T]
jS, bi'gka n.m. land-measure equivalent to
f 120 feet square or four kanals
(Jibel n.m. spade mattock shovel
**bel'&ah n.m. spade ho c jfjy bel'-dar

n.m. assistant to gardener digger
^labourer in a construction work [P]

(Ji M n.f. creeping plant ; creeper
** climber offsprings embroidery lace

tip (given to singers, dancing girls etc.) •
charity-tip a kind of crustaceous fruit Ifyjk
btl' boo'ta n.m. shrubbery ; shrubs and creepers
bel’ boo' ft n.m. embroidery floral

designviL^M’ dttr adj. embroidered
engraved with floral designs
bel'-mak'dlu (hafh-'ns ph. (of something) suc-
ceed ; thrive

.m. ox ; bullock blockhead ; fool
** iJjMty-bail-ga'rl n.f. bullockcuit
j^bt'la n.m. a kind of jasmine shrubbery

or forest along river bank; riparian shrubbery
a fiddle-like musical instrument charity
(esp. one given on wedding) Ik be' la bat'na

v.i. (of -charity) be given Jll/JM be'la-bardar'
n.m. person entrusted with the task of distri-
buting charitable money ; charity ;-bursar ;
dispenser

yftbeltenKM. rolling-pin roller cane-
*' crusher cylinder Uk. bel'na n.m. rolling-
pin cane-crusher cylinder v.t. roll
• (flour) into flat cake crush (cane) [~ foll.]
fckbel'na v.t. roll crush (cane, etc.)

(il^bailoon' n.m. balloon [E]

/j^be'il n.m: guardian ; helper ; proteetpr
** friend ; companion ; comrade 1
allah' he’ll (or al-) ph. good-bye ; farewell ;

adieu God lake care, (of)
J^Um n . m . fear ; terror
l-m

danger ; dread

jiribimar adj. sick ; ill ; ailing unwell;
indisposed n.m. patient sick person

(fig.) unrequited loverp*'^jU'. Umar" -pur' si
N.f. visit to a patient inquiry after
(someone’s) health Vjy~*fj\gb%mar'-pQr'a

kar'na v.t. visit a patient inquire after
(someone’s) health ikjlf.bimar'-kha'nah n.m.
(old use) hospital infirmaryjl Umar'-
dar ; n.m. (ped.) (sick person’s) attendant ;
nurse (fjbjk.bimar-da'ri n.f. (ped.) nursing
k Umar 1 kl rat' pahar' bars' bar
prov. hard times are prolonged times
blms'ri n.f. disease sickness ; illness ;
ailment indisposition Jj{fstrfbma'rl-e dil
n.m. love (rare) heart trouble jP] x, t
^Umah n.m. insurance : assurance

Ztii'dagi ka Umah,Jy>'j££U'ma-e zih'dagi,
jjL*7£bi'ma-e j an' (arch.) n.M'. life insurance ;
life assurance ; policy on life jj* 7

a'tash-za’ni (or ag') ka bi'mah n.m. fire insurance
l‘y*£(f)(ka) bi'mah kar'na v.i. insure (some-
one or something) (ka) bi'mah karu'na

v.t. insure (something or oneself) ; get insured
bi'mah kl qist (or bime-) n.f. premium
insurance premium [ ~ P ]

^y»bHi suf. seeing seer scope sight-
** ed (jf; U’m suf. seeing [P~el*j see]

N - F - dried gourd flute ; snake charmer’s
** flute tfpjvila'yan bin n:f. bag-pipe
bain bag-pipe (usu. pl.) wailing (over the
**dead) ; lamentation
bain pref. inter pref. between ifljDllfi
bain-ul-aqva'na adj. international
bain-ul-mil'li adj. intfa-Islamic^yt^ri bain' bain
adj. middling adv. between ; betwixt j UstJlifc
bain-ul jami’a'ti adj. inter-university
bain-Us-sutoor' n.m. distance between^ two
consecutive lines adv. between the lin esJlyfcA
bain'-sooba’’i adj. inter-provincial JU^stbcun-
kulliya'ti adj. inter-collegiate £W$.bain-ul-
mam'lakatl (ped. jj 1 k* bain-ul-mama'li/a)
adj. inter-dominion international [A]
liftboy' yin adj. obvious ; evident clear ,

** lucid cogent (reason) apparent
bay'yinah n.f. cogent argument obvious
truth adj. cogent categorical evident;
ofyvipus n.m. pl. cogent argu-

ments categorical proofs obvious truths
adj. cogent categorical obvious (A)

£yUna' adj. having eye-sight ; not blind
; ” discerning wise I'S Una' kar'na
v.i. give eyesight (to) restore eyesight
confer discernment (on)(^fl>.iJna' ho'na v.i.
not to be blind ; have (one’s) eyesight intact
ftfybina’'l n.f. sight ; eye sight; vision [P~
tolwsee]

142

'1

■v

discernment [P

brinjal egg-

(Jl^bcna’mt n.f. & adj. dummy (sale); (sale of
property) apparently in name of other
than real buyer

Lp^bifidfk' tta v.i. bore perforate say
^ ** piercing words (to)

J&bailul' nm. band (of outdoor music players)

t £ ]

\jj>f>aiii'da n.m. latch aoj. (f .(jXf.baih'di)
*'^awry uncouth

n.f. braided hair skein (of
** thread, etc.) twist (of fibres)
vj^b$fi'(!i}'a n.m. extra draught animal used
as support

Q^bi'nish n.f. eye-sight
/j ~ to see]
dPbairi'gan / n.m. brinj

** plant iQ iZtka'li ka baingan
ph. unreliable ; untrustworthy
(person) ; trimming his sails accord-
ing, to the prevailing wind fickle
capricious

^jbbin'ns v.t. glean

l^lfibaib' hat'tla adj. & n.m. left-handed
J ** (person) [ ~J,U + ]

rf.li'n n.f. nose guard of sword up-
turned side of binding reinforcing strip
of wood fixed to door-board, etc. »>,/(£/ bi'nl
bUrl'dah adj. nose-clipt (person)
jlyibtopar' (col. baipar') n.m. business ;
V " trade (fjjjft be'opa’rt, (col. baipa'ti)
n.m. dealer ; businessman, trader ; merchant
£*jj*huvnni' N.M. PL.' houses N.M. & (PL.^t'^f-
“ buy ola t' palace household expendi-

ture [A'~ SING, atf,]

i lyibajo'ra n.m. detailed account day-

-book ; journal j\}£*-jStbayo’re-var adj.
detailed adv. in detail

[^p’yibiyoht'na v.t. cut off (cloth) according
** to measurements Zfyibiyoht' n.m. cut-
ting (of cloth) ; according to measurements
cut slashing (of expenditure;
gj/be'vah n.f. widows## k'ragaii N.P. PL.
•'* widows Jj^bt'vagl n.f. widowhood [P] .
jbyibayohar' n m. custom transaction

** bayohar' kl bat' n.f. something fair
(fyi bi'vl n.f . wife mistress of the house

** lady chaste woman free woman
Hazrat Fatimahf'ilfi^ii'rf ka fhdlam'
n.m. henpecked (husband) ; uxorious person

** sai b' nak (<* dijaz)

*■*•>!&/}>) ka damh ( or kooh'da)

n.m. sacred feast to commemorate Hazrat
Fatimah

^^baihar n.m. uncultivated and uneven land
** (usu. near river bank)

WWi oo'dah adj. silly ; stupid ; foolish ;
nonsensical ; absurd vain ; fruitless
impolite, foul obscene ; sweetly
immoral gjjtfbehoo'dah ba'lth n.f. pl.
nonsense obscene talk, indecent language
immoral pursuits^ behoo' da-go n.m.
foul-mouthed fellow behoo' da-go” i yt.r.

idle talk nonsense obscene talk Jat#
behoo' dagi n.f. nonsense absurdity

silly behaviour
y^.bi ar n.f. beer [E]

XX XXX S

w'/m third letter of Urdu alphabet (equivalent
to English p) (also called Ba’-e Fa'rist) (In
jummal reckoning equivalent to ; hence) 2
*t pd n m. fifth note of national gamut ; fa

't suf. (denoting abstract quality) footed
f continuing ; lasting [P]

( pa n.m. foot leg root ; stem
pa-atidaz', jUibiPd far’ sh-e pa-ahda^ n.m.
doormat ba'-das'te

di'gar* das't bardas'l-e di'gare ph. under
duress not having free hand l pa ba-

rikab'.^Y'jjtbpa dar rikab' adv. ready to
move l pa-bazahjir , ji)/^,pd ba-joo'lah adj

in chains ; 'fattered Ipa-bahd' n.f. & adj. in
bound ; committed’ habituated res-
trained detained, imprisoned checked
controlled subservient VfjjPbpa-bahd'
raih’na v.i. stick ; adhere, follow ; con-
form stand committed I'/js^pa-bohd' kor'na
v.t. check bind down * restrain
pa-bohd' ho'na v.i. be bound down stand
committed (f^lpa-bati di n.f. restraint ; res-
triction detention check ; control sub-
servience commitment pa-bos' adj.
adoring worshipping flattering; licking
(someone’s) feet n.m. (rare) worship (f pa-bo’ si
n.f. salutation adoration worship
sycophancy ; licking someone’s hoofst^f^|/«-
bo'sl kar'na v.i. revere adore worship
c tyt* posh' n.f. (arch.) shoe

143

fjls jj

r > •??

pa-posh' par mor'na v.t. spurn aj^ipa-piya'dah
ADJ. on foot walking {ll pa-ta'bah, f jC>paita'vak
n.m. inner sole yfypa-ja' mah n.m. trousers -iLH
pa-kha’nah N.M. latrine ; lavatory ; privy
stools; excrement of bowels '^typa-ztb' n.f.
anklet*-^ l pa-shikas'tah adj. dead tired

resourceless' sjr'lpa-sho'yah n.m. fomenta-
tion of the feet laving of the feet ’Wpa lagh'z
slip wrong step ‘faux pas’ Jllpa-mal',
JiJ Ipa'rmal' adj. trampled down-
trodden laid low ruined devastated
JU pa-maTt, (Jill pa e-ma’ti N.F. trampling
ruin devastation lja/l pa-mar’ di n.f.

bravery ; valour ^llpa-ya b' adj. shallow ;
fordable * ' .

^^bpap n.m. (dial.) sin vice W^lpap'
‘•'^katna PH. (of dispute! be settled (of
( trouble) end djpa'pi n.m. (dial ) sinner [S]
t i papa n.m."' papa ; pop ; father Pope
'‘' f ()j£.llpapa-e rom' n.m. the Pope [E]
tl pupa n.m. rusk

by l pa par n.m. thin saltish cake dried
V <!> layer (of mango-juice) adj. very thin
dry ; parched Cbp.ylpa'par bel'na v.i. roll
out these cakes (fig.) undergo much suffer-
ing (fig ) turn to one thing after another in
a bid to do something or earn one’s liveli-
hood

\j>\)pap'rs n.m. fruit of ‘butia frondesa’ used
.*?■** a imgji/l^pap'rci khar n.f. its askes
used as seasoning*

pat n.m. leaf metal plate orna-
*•* ment for upper part of ear , earplatc
(doublet of ^.]

^j(; ipatal' n.m. ‘(dial.) Hades ; hell ; (according
*•* to Hindus) lowest region of world infested
by fiends and serpents [S]
bjpl pati'rm v.T. get dung cakes ready for
V drying up mould (bricks)
pat n.m. breadth (of river,

V etc. ) milestone depth (of
voice);)., dblpat'-dyr adj. (of voice)
deep ; sonorous blpat'na v.t.
fill up (pity, stream, etc.) roof

cover plaster spread loose earth over
shut pile ; overstock give in abundance
paji adj. mean ; base silly
pa'ji-pon n.m. meanness stupidity

L pachh'na v.t. incise make an mci-
*»* V s ion (for extracting blood from body or

opium from poppy, ^IpacJA. n.m. incision
( pad n.m. (vulg.) fart I'slpad'na v.f. fart ,
pass wind (fig. ) pass a silly remark
^fig.) show the white weather
Q'lylpadash' n.m. punishment retalia-
*' tion penalty requital padash
nut ph. as a penalty for [P]

(fijl pad'rl n.m, clergyman minister of
, *** the church [Pg.l

U'jt pad' shah N.M.,£^i?jlpadsha'hat N.F.tfil/jl
*' padsha'hi n.f. (same as;l/jiN.M.t£t?l^l
N.F. (f<0>l n.f. (see under Assl n.m. if)
IjLpad'na v.i. (see under jl)

V

jt par n.m. opposite bank opposite shore
' other side termination (of life)
successful end adv. across over on the
other side to the other side through
beyond adj. past ; last ll/lt A par vtar’na v.t.

ferry over take across Vji\jlpar' u'tarna
v.t. cross get or move across get
through gain one’s end die ; pass away
par' kar'na v.i. ferry over get across
finish transfix I'l&jlpar' laga'na V.t.
ferry over bring supcess ; make successful
kill squander C&jJ, par lag'na v.i. be
ferried over succeed' finish be squander-
ed ; go waste

Par'ti n.f. partvjl^l par’ti-baz ADJ. &
** n.m. factious (person) (one) guided
by party spiriyJjltfjlpar'ti-ba'zl n.f. party
spirit factiousness ’[E],

jrj\j par'chali n m. (ped.) cloth piece of
v *** cloth dress ; garment piece ;
mcnl par' eha Jirosh' n.m. (ped.) draper

j^jgjlpar' cka-firo shi n.f. (ped.) drapery
pa'ras n.m. philosopher’s stone

ifj L par's n.m. Persia ; Iran (fji n.m. & f. if

w y

pdfs a' adj. chaste abstemious ;

*•* virtuous holy pious J isjlparsa”i
n.f. chastity abstinence virtue piety

[P]

(Ji/jl par’ sal ADV. last year [P~

par’ sal N.M. parcel Cfyfol par' sal

' bhfj'na (or kar'na) v.t. send a parcel by
post [E)

^jlpar'si n.m. (f. same as occ par's an)
** Parsi n.f. Persian language ; Persian [P]

Mi

144

4

H/t psr'Hman n.f. Parliament j l4<- par lb
* ma'nl ADJ. Parliamentary (WJtdL psrli-
ma'm nizam’ n.m. Parliamentary system (of
government) [ - E potL.j
. 'J j l par'limaftt N.M. Parliament ifs-^yk
, ** par' kmatitarl KD}. Parliamentary [E]

tjl (or 1/l/aVa n.m, mercury ; quick silver

f/

9 j l pa’ rah n.m. piece scrap slice

** fragment V/tjl tjLpa'rapa’rah kar'na v.t.
tear to pieces [PJ

JUjl/ pari'nah ADJ. outdated outmoded
" ** %jj>y>daftar-t pntl'nah n.m, (fig.) out*
moded stuff [P — 4}
jt par n.f. scaffold scaffold-

ing hole made by burglar
'A par' batdh'na v,i. scaffold
P j*5l'par' kkol'na v.t. dismantle
the scaffolding

tjl pars, N.M. (alsoWfl/a'rfca, col. i^pah'rs)
** a species of deer hamlet boundary of
field kat’na v.l. harrow (paddy-

field, etc.)

pazhatid' n.f. exegesis of Zoroastrian scrip-
tures jijjijjfzhali’d-o-pazhatid' n.m. Zoroast-
sian scriptures with their exegesis [P]

Jr l pas adv. near ; close about along-

*• side up to at hand nearby ; close
by with tft/lpas’ a'rta v.l. come near ,
draw closer to come up to ; approach
pas bitta'na V.T. seat close (to) accept
as' apprentice (to) teach manners l ’ffalpas'
baiik'na v.i. sit near be a constant
companion of be apprenticed to learn
manners from Db tflpas' baitk'ne val'a
n.m. constant companion ; companion
disciple (of) apprenticed (to^lj'ipas' pas
adv. close by next to each other next-
door to each other roundabout there-
abouts (Jit/J^pas' paros' n.m. neigebour-

hood ^vicinity C^f^i/l’pas' no pWtakna

v.l. not to come near not to call (on)
\jJ^j&iif \pa's‘ na pha’tak sak'na v.i. dare not

approach jldCkt pas’ prep. , with ke

pas' ho'na v!“t. hay

Kfl p ss n.m. regard ; consideration de-
U *** Terence watch three-hour period

'i pas-ban” ti.M. watchman sentinel;

guard protector ; guardian J ^pas-ba'm
n.f. watch guard > protection , guar*
diansihp><#i/ya'J-#i*a^t' N.M. out of regard;
■hr consideration Mifj'U.bfpa’ s-t kha’lir PH.

out of regard for jLslpas’dar’ adj. partial to
n.m. partisan ( fj ^ pas-darl n.f. partiality
favouritism favour regard; considera-
tion i’/wl fka pas' kar'na v.t. show regard
for be partial to favour take sides
^with) [P]

“'Ipas n.m, pass success in examination

' adj. passed successful approved

&lS*'{,fiBs de'na v.t. issue a pass V/i/fpas
kar'na v.t. & t. get through (examination)
declare successful (in examination)
pas ho'na v.i. get through be approved; be
passed ; pass master [E]
l^l'pa'sa n.m. (same as pah's ah n.m. if)

Pas' tafi,u)\Plbas'tafi adj. ancient ; old (PJ

^tpa'sukh n.m. reply [PJ

1 m t pas'na v.t. fondle animal’s teats urging
V her to yield milk

ba-sahe' n.m. make-weight; some
thing placed in one scale to balance
the other insignificant portion [P~ l
(fk pa' si n.m. fowler name of a low
** caste of Hindus crude net ; meshed
^container for bundle of hay

pash suF. f sprinkling shedding
’’ scattering J^fpa'M suf. t sprinkling

shedding scattering [P ~

M fyt, pash' pash adj. shattered broken
** V ** to pieces shivered l /art'

pash kar'na v.t. shatter break 'to pieces
shiverljfjrl (J'Lpash 1 pash ho'na v.i. be
broken to pieces shiver [P]

pa'sha n.m. (Turkish title) lord gover-
? nor boss general JT]

♦*^ (. pash'nah heal [P]

pak adj. pure undefiled spotless ,

** immaculate chaste holy ; sacred
free innocent (am. for) Pakistani n.m.
(ABB. for) Pakistan juipakpbai' adj. pure
undefiled chasir^jUlpak-ba'zi n.f.
chastity virtue p'ok-khaslat adj.

ehaste well deposited J’jJipak-da'maryADj.

virtuous modest chaste f pak-
damans n.f. chartity; modesting virtue
innocence tiipMuji pak- si' rat adj. virtuous
angelic pak' saj adj. clear

pure undefilcd,; unpolluted spotless ,

immaculate y’jj^ubpik'-soorol ad|. pretty;
lovely i'/Ji pak kar'na v.t. clean

H6

U>\

vn dl (somewhere )*&•?&/$ pah'&li ‘oib

t^ar'H H.m. deadly sins; the 'five prohibited
Sins, viz. , lying, stealing, drinking, fornication
and gambling {.Is.ijfjjjls'ij&.pahdi 'veh savs'roh
meti {ho" ns) prov. (be a) self-imposed comrade
of heroes j^Lpan'sftu adj. five hundred
ULpaftda (u'su. (f.et^ipsltde ji ) n.m. (dial.)

Brahman title a 'earned man ; scholar ;
village school master
Jjblpandoo n.f. chalky soil

• • •

»« •

l/l pahs n.m ; alluvium manure dung-
^ hill Obc/Lpsfis dal' ns v.T. mapure
t+d Ipatfsah, Of i part's a n.m. dicet^^.J
* pah' sah pkebk'ns v.t. throw the dice;]

I%1 Ol^lpaii'sah ul'ia pat'nS _ v t.
loose be unlucky (in throw)
psft'sah par'nS v.i. win be lucky (in
throw) pansah pa' lain a n.m. turn of the

tide v.i. (fig ) (of tide) turn

O/l (or jipa'oh n.m. (same as 0>\pc)

y *

^ t pZi'nl n.m. water rain tears
v sweat flood polish ; burnish ; lustre
plating modesty chastity gust ;
courage adj. watery very dilute thin
or dense Vtftj> parti s'na v.i. rain suffer
from cataract suffer from the whites (or)
leucorrhoea have water be floody V'Jlftb
ps'ni u'larnS v.t. & I. (of water-level) fall
suffer from cataract V*JI>ftLpa'ni bstdk'ns
v.t. build dam or dyke round iisftl ps’ni
bath' ns (of water) flow l ps’ni bhar’ns v.T
draw water be or become subservient to
( r!/f^JjtC^ / ‘rnbhh' melt ps'ni bhar s'nS ,v.l.

(of mouth) water be avid VjlrJ^'Jipa'rn
band kar’iii v.t. put a stop to flow of water
stop water-supply l ps’rii bahs'ns

v.t. pour or spill water (of eyas) shed
tears ; weep bitterly tft/ft l ft L pa'ni pa'ni kar'ns
v.t. put (someone) to sfiame Ljfftlftjfpa'rit
pa'ni ho'na v.i. be overwhelmed with
shame be drenched Wftjr ps'ni par'ns v.i.

rain (of wound, etc.) suppurate I'tyfftj’
pa'ni ptir ja'n* v.t. be in or regain good

health ; be radiant with health (of achieve-
ment, etc.) go to waste be undone
ps’ni pker de’ns v.t. undo end ruin ;
destroy guild ; plate give radiant health

pa'. A pi pi' kar kos'ns
(or kos'ru de'ns) PH.‘ h?ap curses upon
pa'n} pi' ns v.i. drink water i'/fU'ftjpA'nl ta'ra

ho'na ph. (of water-level in well) by very deep
l' id ft!; pa'ni tor 'ns v.t. decrease or pilfer
water-supply Ojrft t ps'ni (hurs'ns v.t. & i.

(of wound) suppurate pilfer irrigation water
pa'ni cfaarh'na v I. (of watcrlevel) rise
'(of river) be in spate pa'ni chhnr'na

v.t. discharge (water, etc'.) C l/> ft L pa'ni
dikhs’ns v.t. take animal to the wa'tcring
place cause it to drink pa'ni cho'a'na
v.t. let water fall drop by drop 1st ft l, pa'ni
de'ns v.t. water ; irrigate give water (to)
VJerjftlpa’ni dkal'ns^ v.i. loose radiance
lose shame ps’ni ss pal' Is adj.

watery (of milk) adulterated
ps’ni sir se oon’dia ho'na v.t. (usu fig.) be in
deep waters l‘s t 'ftj' pa'ni samo'na v.i. mix hot
water in cold one Jfk. tfftl pa’ni ks bul'bulah
n m. bubble (fig.) unstable thing & l/ftb

pa'ni kal'ns v.i. turn off the water ijruo an-

other channel breast the waves i)/£ftl pa'ni
ke mol’ ph. very cheap [‘/ft l ps’ni kar'ns v.i.

stop flow be stagnant jjbJ ft!: ps'ni ki
iks’dar n.f. sheet of water (p'jlpani lag' ns
v.i. (of water of some place) agree with ; im-
prove (someone’s) health t/*J Ipa'irt mar' ns
v.i. (of water) seep (in wall, etc.)^ be a
weak point (in) be put to shame
ps'ra men s g' lagans v.i. sow seeds of dis-
sension do a miracle ; work wonders
pa'ni men bujks'ns v.t. temper (steel, etc.)
iypl yftl pa'ni na msltg'ns v.t. die all of a
sudden be killed with a single stroke
ps'ni har'na v.i. (in quial-fight) lose (one etc.)
round (in a total of ten)
iJiPa "ip n.m. pipe [E]

pjtf, ps'in'dah adj. durable ; lasting ever-
v lasting^! pa" ih' da-bad' int. long live ;

‘viva la’ [P]

j t pa’o n.m. quarter seer fourth part ;

* quarter ^ ps"o bhar t y~f'5l ps"o ser adj.
quarter stcT^Jjj}j>pa"o ta’&,$l^VnSn' pa'*a
N.M., l ftiJ(}Jda'bal ro'ti n.f. bread ; loaf of
bread ftjl pa'uli n.f. quarter-rupee
(arch.) lour anna bit

oSkfok or )ips"on n.m. foot step
foothold leg pedestal basis > root
standing guts ; courage firmness
pa"o1t it' tarns v.i. (of ankle, etc.) dislocat-

ed (of foot) be sprained uJ§ijip3"on a'jisM
v.i. step forward ; move ahead
psP’aft Bjta'is dial' ns v.ifwalk at a swift pace

m

ara’na v.t. meddle ; interferejj}.
iy t pa” oh ukkar'ns v.t. lose ground lose
footing be routed ; take to flight be push-
ed bade be carried off one’s feet
U tf}) pa” oh ba'hir nikal'na (or nikal'na) v.i.
transgress limits bi' chains v I.
slip lose firmness yield fall a prey to
temptation bps' 'oh barks' ns v.i. step
forward move faster transgress limits^jl
h&kfpa'' 0 * bha'fl ho' ns v.i. be pregnant;

be in the .family way be tired
pa’on bidk' meh ha'tis \.i. be mediating be
responsible pa" oh pa” oh dial' ns v.i.

(of baby) walk without support
pa” oh par pa” oh rakk'na v i. sit cross-legged

lounge lead on easy life I'Jjjl/jil
pa” oh par ps”oti gir'na, C%OjL.pa”on par ns,
Cypa”oh pa'karna V.T. fall at the feet of
; mpk>re ; entreat ; beseach
ap'ne pa"oh par Sp' kulkari msr'ns ph. mar
one’s own career , spoil one’s own chancescbl
lji^ps”ofi passr'na v.i. stretch one’s legs
be obstinate ; show stubbornness die 1
pa” oh pa'karna v.t. (also) prevent from mov-
ing ahead. l^jilps” oh pkat’na v.i. liave chil-
blains Vk-f(j}lpa”oh pki'salna slip err
yield fall a prey to temptation VJjgyfy
pa” oh pkool'na v.t. be unnerved
pa” on phoofik pkoohk kar rakk'na v.i.
tread softly be cautious or circumspect (Jjl
i^*] J *'jfapa”oh pkaila' kar so' raih'na v.i.
sleep with the legs stretched out be perfect-
ly happy and contend ^Utkpa'oh pit’ ns v.i.
beat one’s heals pa U oh pi-chke hat' ns

v.i. loose heart *’*beat retreat
pa” oh ta'le mat' ns V.t. trample under footJg^r
QftftfJcZ-P*’ 0 * ta'le se gamin' ni'kal js'ns v.i *
stagger be stunned feel the ground
slipping from under one’s feetdXljl $jjj>pa”oh
tUfna (or jam' na) v.i. be serene not to be
beside oneself .(1^1 f(Js^Pa”oh jama' ns (or

gar'na) v.i. plant (one’s) feet firmly ; get a
firm Iboting Wj(j}lpa”ohjkMnna'na v.i. be on
pins and needles C^fypjjp^J)\.pa'oti chkal'ni
k» js'ns v.i. (of feet) be blisteced be
dead tired ; be fatigued bjij'pa’oh

dab' ns (or fhap'pi kar' ns) v.t. press (someones)
feet by way of message < CfjL) ljpijjj>ps'’oh
dkar 'na (or rakk'na) v.i. set foot on enter;
step in begin (enterprise, etc ) ; get
V>J(j0'jj*jl)pa”oh dko' (or dko dko') kar pi' ns

v.i. wash (someone’s) feet revere!
pa” oh iagmags'ns v.i. f > feel shaby fall
a prey to temptation l’^//Jt},pa”oh r a' gams v.i.

make fruitless efforts have a very uneasy
time implore 1 lfi/(jfLps”oh raih’ ja'na v.i.
be exhausted ; be fatigued P a ''°k

gamin' par na rakk'na v.i. fie overjoy-
ed be very haughty ( C^lj sips” oh

gamin' par na par'na (or tik’ns) v.V' be over-

joyed Jtt haughty be very naughty
fidget CfyjXjjyiJtbpa''oh sir par rakh! kar
bkag'na ph. flee ; run away llgr'jjbpa”oh so'
js'ns v.i. (of foot) be benumbed tyjrJjyfa'jjib
pa”oh sau’ sau man kt ho Ja'na v.i. be very
much fatigued pd” oh ' e lo'gi

sir meh bu'jki ph . 'llareuD, be greatly up-
set be greatly hurt (JrlJ^jj^pa”ohkiahg'h
n.f. toe ^J^'lgjjjipa'^oh ka ‘ahgoo'tka . n.m.
big toe ; great toe l#^&lb/u%pa”oh
gor (or qa'bar ) meh latka”e baith'na v.^be very
old ; have one foot in the grave U-djJjlpa”oh
gkis'n a v.i. run useless errands Ifo
pa’oh nun tkak'kar ho' ns v.i. be ever on the
move &(/j^QjiJj^pa” oh meh maikh'dl lag na
v.i. have the feet coated with hernia paste
be unable to set foot on ground not be in
position to move Ul/t Jjbpa”oh nikal'na v.i.
be coming up transgress ; exceed limits
step out of withdraw from Hfyj^tLjda'be
pa'oh ana trend softly come unperceiv-

cd

( pa" i n.f. pie ; a small Pakistani coin no
** longer current t

Vrfl pshoo’ns N.M.JsjLpahoo'nl n.f. (usu. pl.)

* song(s) sung at bride’s departure for her
new home

&r a 'hi n.m. temporary tenant adj. temporary
^'(tenancy)

^\ps”e n.m. (pl. of *1 n.m. it)

i ^y / jps”e takh't n.m. (same a

-»(/'(, ps 'e-js'mah n.m. (old spelling of sty
''•'n.m. ★)

jiJZlps’e-dsr adj. durable wearing well
V permanent (fjl£j>pa”e-da'rl N.F.
durability permanence firmness
wear [P~Lf

ZJll P*' e ' k °V ADJ- dancing j/^lpa'e-kobi

'lit* * NF * dancc £ F ~ i -hsfei/l v

pat mal (same as ^lU/A)

148

•K

Jr' t pa'ineha n.f. one of the legs of a pair
*.*/•* trousers [ - P l ]

//H pa’iii adj. &'adv. back-
** V c„t r -

lower

under

seat or

side ; back

beneath ^J^^pa’ih-bafh n.m.
backside garden kitchen

garden [P]

pa'itti n.f. foot of the bed

/jit pa’yah n.f. end conclusion extreme
***** extremity jktfUpayan-e kar' adv. at

last ; at length ; ultimately [P]

\ {pay at adj. (child) bom with
»**• feet first n.f. jingled anklet •

^ l pa'yah n.m. leg foot

***** pedestal support base

step rank ; status &j£lpa'ya-e ~
takh't,£jfypa't&takh’t capital

headquarters of government f f&/sbptiya*t
suboot ko pohuruji'na v t. Be proved ; be
established beyond doubt [P] . y
J^pab' lishar n.m. publisher rf^Zspub' likayshan
n.f. publication [E]

lu Jlj*j)ab' lik n.f public [E]

♦ »

I)* bapra nav.i. become crusty ^,pa'par n.m.
V' plaster coming off the wall tj^pap'ra N.m.
(T.tfJS'paprl) crust; scab a kind of
sweetmeat L'k-^jf^pap'riyati jam ja'na v.i.
(of lips) get parcheci jjpspap'riya adj. layered
\jsAy£pap'rtya kat'tfu itt.M. white catechu
^ b y papo'ta n.m. eyelid

Qj papal' na v.t. munch , masticate
V*?

I rypapi'ta N.M. papaw fruit

Zv*

{ySpapi'ha (dial. L^papafya) N.M.'*

crested cuckoo with yellow eyes and
patches of white on its black coat children’s
whistle made of leaves or mango-stone _ *,
gSpttti.M. bile gall ehlorophyllCii^.
*** pit dal'na v 1. vomit bilious stuff
paf'-jkar n.m autumn , fall
/*r*vpat'-jkar ha'na v.i. lose leaves in

autumn

W-

p pi'ta n m. (dial.)

(fig.) decay (from old age) ( •» b; +
father sire

y* pat' tar n.m. leaf sheet metal plated
*^metal ; gilt (J '^pat’ll n.f. brace
jjspat'tal n.f. (dial.) leaf trenchar

& at'la, adj (f. J^.pat'li) thin lean
v fine sharp watery straitened JUj%
pat' la Hal' N.M. sad plight ; straitened circum-
stances kjp^pat'la dub' la adj. lean deli-
cate {‘Jtfjpat'la kar'na v.i. dilute shar-
pen make slim ; reduce {IfjClfcpat'la tie
ja'na V.I. slim become watery
iOpnt'la n.m. puppet effigy statue
~0l)P' ia <!’l ka put'la adj. clever , skilful
foolish ; stupid ii£ l/jtrkhak' ka put'la
n.m. human body human being
^JZfpatloori n.f. slacks ; Western type of
*•* trousers [ - E pantaloon j
.input'll n.f. pupil (of the eye) puppet
» v cute woman ; spruce little lady frog
(of horse’s hoof) lJ/tff(Jx}$pUt’liyoii ka tama’sha
n.m. puppet shQwl‘brf0fjtiput'liyafi phtf ja'na
v.i. (of eyes) turn ar the ‘Approach of death .
bepn the verge or point of death , a ^ p
^Jyfpatahg' n.m. flying kite ; kitaLhiU^pata/ig'
V ura'na v.i. flyj, a kite ; jl*J%paiatig'-baz
n.m. lnitt‘flkr(£ji~j>patahg' -ba'& p'h. of kite-
flying kat’ ja'na v.i. (of kite)

1 I A—* J .4 — 1

be annoyed

j\J%, patuar' n.m. rudder helm
•*jpa'tah n m. address where-
's.* abouts clue sign , symptom
t 'LZ'Z.patah bata'na, pa'tah rfW (

de'na ' v.t. give one’s _ Address ( I f
give a clue direct I'ldJjP pa'tah taga'na
v.t. locate ; trace , search out , out dis-
cover get a clue l ^pa'tah lag'na,
pa'tah ctal'na, \jP>patak mil'na v.i. know
be known \LfX‘ £■ pa'te ki kaih'm

: na v.i.

expose (someone) tell the . truth (about
(something) make a point mS'jk*

pa'tah nahih PH. I do not know who knows
i'yp'A. P atak ko'na v i. know be known
J £. pa'te ki bat n.f. fact of the matter
the truth the point

£*pat'tah Ci.pat'ta n.m. leaf card (in game
•; of cards) an ear - ornament %%.pat'U I pat' t ah
n.m. every leaf LzJledf jJ%pat'tah tor' kar
bhag'na v.i run away make oneself scarce
{^ifZpat'tah kat'na v.i. sack destine
death* tf^h^paftah kkar'ka ban'dah

sar'ka ph. (used of a'cowardly person) flitting
at the stirring of a leaf ^jfjjrpat'toti vali n.f.
(W. dial.) radish /

pit'tah HM. gaffbladder anger ; pasion

».• guts l j{%pit'tah mar' ha v,i. work

S'*.

149

O’!

hard control one’s passion V/^pit'tah mar' ns
v.i. be appeased Ijyjt Zpit'tah pa'ni ho'na v.i.

have the blue funks be appeased have
no aspirations

£*pat'tksr n.m. stone anything hard
* adj. hard heavy inflexible
difficult callous cruel hailstonell^ir’.
pat' thar ba'ras'na v.i. hail C^^y^pat’thar ‘ban
ja'na v,i. pertrify become' as hard as
stone grow callous I’jf'J lyf pat' thar pant
ho'na v.i. (of stone! melt fof tyrant) give
way to compassion l 'yy£pat thar par' ns v.t.
& 1 , hail be cursed Ij^^J&xJfpat'thar

( phehk ') mnr'hn v.i. (fig.) give efirt feply
say (something) msblyUPX^J^igpat'th.ar ta'le
se hath ni'halna v.i. get rid of trouble or tyrant
$ dP/rfpat' thor tdle ka hath ph. straiten-
ed circumstances pat' thar Ast 'ns v.i. be

sharpened on whetstone OfjJ^iSyCpat'thar
Afro,' & par rakh'na v.i. be patient ; ’suffer with-
out grouse \!S%St pat' thar 4 ho'na v.t. & 1 .
carirry stones work hard

pat' thar se sir' mar' ns (or phor’ns) ' ph. try to
drive something home to unreceptive person
pat' thar ka (khapa n m. . ligho-

graphy

lithograph yJ
unchangeable ; u

pat' thar hi lakir'

. ..v > •• - ,wy«'i L

pkeftkns otbarsa n,
stone(s) at
v.t. persuade

adj. uncnangeaDie ; unalterable inexor-
able (L’L'jl pot' thar tnsr'na (or

' tirsa'npj v.t. pelt stones ; aim
pat' thar ko mom' kar'na
de cruel person to show mercy
[*\j& / pathra'na v.i. (of eves) become glassy
'* become blind be petri-
fied Sjl/fapathra'o n.m. stoning ; j_

lapidation \lj . jU^pafhra"o kar'nafm
v.i. pelt stones ; lapidate jg
throw brickbats path'rt n.f.{

stone in the bladder ; calculus’ _

grit fr/fpathri'la adj. (f. pathrfti)

stony * rocky gritty
^ pother' n.m. place for moulding bricks
v pathe'ra n.m. brick-moulder
(}i,po'tl n.m. (dial.) husband pat'ni n.f.

* (dial.) wife

(jf^pat'R n.f. petal small leaf thin

* metal plate hemp leaves share ; por-
tion jIjifcpal'H-dar n.m. shareholder
Ibtf'patja'na v.t. care (for)

-V

N.u. l ar gc saucepan ; small cauldron
*•* jp^sfi'6 n.f. saucepan
L^pot n.m. (of door) flap ; leaf ; 1
^ Valve fold single width (ofll}

cloth) screen a kind of coarse Il|
cloth sound of falling or beat-xji
ing.APJ-. pronej prostrate HI
uj** flown ; overturned sov, put 5 promptly

uncover

cudgel-play foil .
cudgel L'tyL'pa'ta hils'ns

false
v

iXO'JZspat batld’ kar'na, Cjg^ppt bher'na V,
close the door; shut the door 0‘j*4ypat khol'ns
v. open the door unveil
open

\?pata, J^pa’tah N.M.

V wooden scimitar
t/'JLLi.N.M. pa'ta ba’zi n.f. clubbing; falsi
fencing ji&^pa'te-baz, jlXt.pa'ta-baz,
patait n.m. cudgel player ; club-man
1 (j \ pats' -pat adv. constant tapping sound
*• • (of raindrops, falling fruits, beating,
etc.)

lpl£r pata'kha n.m. cracker ; squib frolic-
*some beloved

\j\£pita'ra nm. (wicker-work or palm-leaf)
Sbasket^VL'/dta'rl n.f. betel-basket
clothes basket basket (of juggler or snake
charmer)

fJ&J>atakh n.m. sharp report ; burst pat
thump

^JXZpatak' n.f. sound of falling fruit

(j?v.

t. ★)

(see under

po'takhna v.t. (same as

/VJi pa'ikhorU n.f. same as//“£ n.f.

V* **?.T . *)

patrol" nm. petrol [E]

j&patra n.m. washerman's plank

<* harrow plank fear' bathing*

corpse low. wooden seat
damage OjJI^-pat'ra kar dt
v.t. , damage ruin Clertl^pat'ra ho ja'na
v.i. be damaged be' ruinedl^jysj d ho' bi-
pat' r a n.m. name of a wrestling trick' tjl
dho'bi-pat’ra mar'na v.t. throw adversary
supine over one’s shoulders
(Jy-Spo^ri n.f. rail track path ; root
v thigh 1‘ltT (fjspotri jams' na v.i. sit firmly
on^horseback [ ~ prec.]

pit'tos n.f. beating wailing (V-i

* pit'tas par' ns be beaten wail v v

san. jy san n.f. jute ; gold fibre
Ppat'ks n.m. turban girdle mortar

*layer (between rows of bricks) tPpat'ka
baftdhna v. wear a turban pat 'a ' girdle
(round the waist) gird up the loins ; resolve
firmly prevenj >

CJ&pa'takna, CJf.patakhna, ( ^,,^<-4 pa'tak
*' (or pa’takh) de’na dash’against . throw
doym violently cracky burst ^ jy*paikar&,

(fKpatkhanl pat'kl J\.pat'khi > N.T. throw
sharp blow ‘ fall LZ&(y%l)J-%pat'kaia
(or pat'khata) de'ns v.t. dash against on the
ground>with violence • throw down violently
l' V (&%!>,)($ P a t' fa* (or pat'khaiti) kks'ta v.i.
b&dasheti' against j (all down with a thpm n ,
destTictkm curse d-\$r
fo'n ra. rain seize (it) ; my it

come to naught

Spa'tam AD j. closed [ ~ l>pat'na] J. pat' tan
, n.m. ferry wharf
pit’ns v i. be beaten ; get a beating n m.

* toal'ct , wooden hammer used for pound-

?R n M. one who often gets beaten

pi tv an a v t. cause to be beaten

f v r - roofed (of pits, etc.) be

• filled (of roof ) be plastered (of land)

be watered (of price) be settled (of

account) be squared be in abundance
patoana V.T. get filled or plastered get

roofed ■ get (land) watered

jgpot'toc n m. a kind of coarse woollen cloth

| j^pat'oa n.m, braid maker

aA patva'U n m. lowest revtnue pfficiai .

* village registrar , patwari jlfpotvar'
n f, patwari ’s job

J^pat'tah, Lt.pai'ta N m collar (for dog)

• girth (for nouse) lease lease deed
(usu. pl ) locks (of bobbed hair) Iji'lCpatia
Ular'na v.t, unite (dog, etc ) sock* \,'\*/
pat'ti tura'na v.t. break loose . break the*
collar j\}&.pai\e da* n m. lessee ; leaseholder
3<*»ee * '

puth. n.f animal’s hip joint (as food)

I#? pvt'fka n.m. muscle tendon,
v sinew young deciple »(esp. of
wrestler) young person ZC^pat the
n.m. pl. bobbed hair '

^ put' dm n.m. rump^ buttock withers
r j * J put' ike par i iatk na

rakk'ne de'ns ph. be restive ; be inaccessible
(of one’s withers) be unwrbng
fjLr 1 Pnthan’ n.m. (Pushtu speaking) people of
former N.W.F.P. of Pakistan
pit'tkoo n.m. stooge campfollower
£ (old use) playmate (in children’s game)
pithi N t washed pulse ground when still
” *** wet

[Jr* path-'ya n.f. young hen yying female
♦•V buffalo young woman ( ~L<.]

/P. pat'ti n.f. bandage strip ‘

(of cloth) side of the bed
(writing) tablet calligraphy * W

lesson parted hair row ; line B

a kind of crisp sweetmeat h|j -

coaxing ; cajoling reduction , , *
trickcrv tutoring (of witness) l>> j-^at ti
hafidk'na v.t dress ; bandage blindfold
\^ } A pat'ti dins v.t. deceive ; cheat l Uy (ft.
patti patita'na v.t. seduce counsel evil
tutor (witness) irkflJifkpattiyakjomaPM v.T.
ccrnb haw dowp to the temples ij^patti
kar'na v.t. drew bandage i,

pattl' n m. village headman
**>

^X>patil'ns v t. cheat ; diddle ; swindle
** *j,heat sell at fantastically low price
iy^ t paxilcoh n.m. cry of partridge

y _

(g^putin N.F pudding putty [EJ

l(j Puja 'ri n.m, (dial.) Hindu priest
" * devotee lover fa.^pvjdran n.f (dia y
Hindu priestess female devotee de-

voted woman [ - l^yj

pujna v.i. be worshipped j be adored (of

y h ]

pvch n.m. point of prestige parti-

sanship defence pref. (abb. of five
iy^'poch kar'na v.t. support take the side
(of) £j'J$pach'& bar'na v.t. become a
point of prestige cal ; for defence
ij\yU/if>cia’rd n.m. thin coarting of clay,
*•’ lime, etc. wiping with wet cloth
whitewashing brush

^path'chas' , patpas adj. & n.m. fifty
t* * pad*' chat' i-ait, pacjias'vah aoj. fiftieth (
/A{^‘pacheha'si, pacha'st aoj. eighty fivetOJflf;
^ V * pcchcha sinah adj. eighty-fifth

P ac -p° na V.t. digest ; assimilate
*»* * keep secret V | /,paejia"o n.m. digestion ,
assimilation maintenance of secrecy (about)
{ [<? (igehchan'i’t. packarive adj. & n.m.

*•* "ninety-live cjyjifpachehan'vtvin adj.
ninety-fifth v ’

£yjf. f pichpicha'na v.i. be clammy be-
■T* ‘ come damp be flaccid lg£picJt‘pi(ha
adj. clammy damp : moist flaccid
pack' pan adj. & n.m. fifty-five o'rPytP 0 ^ '
panvan adj. fifty-fifth

ponvafi adj. hliy-tiitii

V paeh'char n f. piece stulTed in crevice
V’’ wedge obstacle [llOijlIjIyg*

paeh'char ata'na (or toga na or ikohk na) v.t.
insert a piece (in crevice) drive a wedge (in)
X’ l /path' (par mar'na v.i. put up obstacles
^j/'pach-ran ga adj. fiye-coloured

multicoloured ( ~i fa j|.l
l‘tf/. t puchkar'na v.t caress kiss from a
v distance cajole appease call
for fondling &'.puch'kd(£j\fcpu<hkan n.f.
caress kiss from a distance

(Jj$/..ptcbk a ri n.f. syringe squirt
V V ‘douche injection inoculation
enema I'jitfj&pickka'rt mar'na v. discharge
liquid from a sypmge, quirt, etc.
^iij/^pafk-halyH' auj, animalwilh whKe
*»• 9 patchet oh hoove* and forahtad

be definite Jr(. pukh' tagl n.f. ripeness
maturity development strength ; firmness

[P]

pidda n.m. brown robin

• •

•

■jjkpi'dar n.m. father 'JfyjJJri' dar-sokh' lah adj.

** rogue ; scoundral ; blackguard J^jspi'dar
kildh'i n.f. patricide jJ^\k/Sf*sJ>,pi'daram sultan'
btod prov. brag ; boastful talk unsuccess-
ful idler’s boast about his noble ancestry
pidarz'nah adj. fatherly : paternal pidari
adj. paternal patriarchal [P]

( ffapid'H n.f. tomtit : titmouse

fapa'dam adj. one thousand billion n.m. (dial.)

' '* lotus

y^pad'mant n.f. paragon of feminine beauty
v and virtue exquisitely beautiful lady

[S] t>

JJkpad'dao bs/padau'ra n.m. one addicted
** to farting coward ; dastardly person

podidar' adj. apparent adv. insight [F]

^tffyp&'ding n.f. pudding [E]

*

jjt (or /X) pnzir' suf. able ; ible suscep-
** *** tible to liable to endowed with

admitting (of) taking (or £j Up pozira'l
n.f. welcome reception ovaition
acceptance ^/i(or^>0 pazi'rl suf. capacity
for acceptance of ability ; ibility [P]

1/ par prep. at on upon above

** at the point of by for through
after cowj. yet still ; but still how
ever ; nevertheless but
"typar n.m. feather pinion; wing^C*!''.
** par' -af shaft' adj. fluttering the wings
perturbed 'd&}/par-afsha'ttl nf. flutter OtyL/.
par' bafidk’rta v.t. bind (bird’s) wings

render unable to fly or act 0 ft^jy^par pur'ze
niknl'ns v.i. come up L^J/, par tol'na v.i.
get ready to fly plan to run away /z-0»jss.<

K/^/jjpar' piir'zoft se durust’ ho'na v.i. be fully
equipped \£jspar toot’ns. Of Spar' jal'nd ph.
not to have access (to) become powerless
1 &P aT ’ jkar'na, Caspar' gira’na v.t. moult;
shed feathers j\j/par’-dar adj. winged
par'-shikas Lah adj. disabled afflicted

par' shikas'tagi n.f. disability afthc-

tioa l!/tffs.P ar qaifich kar'na, Ojs,P ar ' Idna
v.t. pinion disable J* IP's, par'' k a qo'lam
n.m. quill-pen Cjbl/i^Pv' 'U kav'ta batin'

de'na ph. make a mountain out^of a mole-hill
L'l j I i/s_,par’ kati ura'na PH. Caspar lag' na Fl.
be fledged come up become decorous
1 par ' na msr'na v.i. not to be able to

approach U^por’ niksl'fia, & ^jLjspar'-o bal’
nikal'na v. ' grow up be fledged grow

new feathers

S' pur AT>j. full of abounding in -in

-ous -ful &’/ pur-peep’ adj. intricate
winding ; serpentine abstruse 4^S,pur-
takal’luf adj. (of feast sumptuous formal
ceremonious ; standing on ceremony y _jfe^.
pur-kha’tar adj. dagerous risky ; hazard!
ous jjjS'Pur-dard' adj. painful doleful ;

dolorous tragic pathetic Jyspur-soz’ adj’.

pathetic tragic doleful ; dolerous
>-pS pur-far eb’ adj. treacherous fraudu-
lent 'djsfur-kinah adj. spiteful f]psj>ur-malnl
adj. sad ’; sorrowful /jspur-noor' adj. l um i.
nous refulgent holy '
jypa’ra n.m. rank ; file ; troops herd (of
* animals) swarm (of birds) wing (of
army )( CifL ) (>> 1 4 -Spa re bafidk’na (or jama'nn)
v.t. draw up in battle array
I ji!y!/pars'pegah'ds n.m. propa-
***** *** ganda [E]

Os}/ par at' n.f, flour-kneading basin

[ft j/para’tha n.m. fried bread ;

Vpie-crust

/.praspaik'lus n.m. prospectus fE]
parar thana n.f. (dial.) prayer request

»

w y[^'parsk'rll nf. one of the ancient

* Sanskrit dialects

. «/] j paragon dah adj . dispersed scatter-

J *z ed disturbed ; distracted

paragah'dagl n.f. dispersiom disturbance
being dishevelled [P~ u>j/I/ v ]

Jf/pural' (or para/) J iyjtura’ll (or para'll)
*** n.m. paddy stems used as loose matting

}/ par antes' arl not n.m. promissory*
'** *** note ; lOU

^ypurari n.m. part of Hindu scriptures [S]

/A \Sjparm n.m. (dial ) soul fSJ

bj/pitraPa adj. (f. JJ^purm) old
*♦ ancient antiquated outdated out-

moved worn out experienced . veteran

J l’iS PQra' na gkag adj. crafty old-timer
I* N.H. elderly penom

-ancient people

jtfjrjJjl/parclvtdaM ftthS n m. provident fund [E'j

.. ..

' aimary adj. primary [E]

i * £ .

pars" im minis' tar n.m. Prime Minister

uW’ lE]

JZ/yy para'ivat adj. private [E]

1 1 J par s' y a adj. (f. Jb par s"l) not one’s

** v own another’s n’.m. person not relat”
ed one stranger IJy (£ l ap'ns para'ya,
ap'ne para'e n.m. own’ and other people ^Al/,
para'ya dhan, J Lily para'ya mal n.m. oilier

person’s property (fig.') daughter(s) ; girls

/I*, a /. a fb. X «-» e. a. ' .

if/par'diam n.m. flag banner ensign
(v ••tyjfcpl l'1/l) 1‘ijl /-/par'dam srs'na (or
laihra' na or bulafid' karris) v.t. hoist a flag [P]
pa' r a Ana v.i be coaxed ; be cajoled

f v be satisfied be consoled appeased
become familiar (with)

t\/y pdrehoi n.f. scrutiny inquiry;

V probe

^ fry parehopn' n.m. grocery retail

V v parctoo'niya n.m. grocer retailer’'
par'ehah n.m. question-paper answer

*•' *» book ; script scrap of paper slip ;
chit periodical first information report
(with police) ; F.I.R. t’JiJUj'Spar'diah Ask'
kar'na v.i. record a first information report ;
prepare an F.I.R. Uy gd.par'chak dens v.t.

answer question paper . distribute ques-
tion-paper report to the - police l>(?yj>ar'Aa-t
saza' n.m. conviction slip y^jsypar'Aa-navis'
n.m. repoter report writer ' spy

ap'ni risk' kat'va’na prov. cut off one’s nose to
spite one’s para"e bas melt ph.

under another’s control

/Jit/ par-bsl' n.f a depilatory eye-disease caus-
v **»* ing crooked hair to grow again on eyelashes
CZS/ par' bat n.m. (dial ) mountain ; hill [8]

* V

para’bhoo n.m. (dial.) God [S]

* V

j\j/ pat' pars/ ad v. year before last [~P jff]

V V

• H

•* pat~po'ta n.m. paternal great-grandson J Js
par'po'n n.f. great-grand-daughter [~ S
remote ; another 4- 5^.]

IL y par' tala n.m. sword-belt cress-belt

V

//par' Um n.m. reflection short view

v splendour influence l'!^Jd, t par'lau par' ns
v.i. come under the influence of {P]

I £ / par' lava n.m. (col. for JJ n.m. ir)

, par'ja (ped. pra'ja) nf. (dial.) subjects

* 1 rajs par'ja n.m. pl. the rulers and the

ruled _____

_ .pir'A n.f. saucer, pir'A
pays'll n.f. cup tuid saucer
. , patfjiar' n.m. (dial.) preach- .

ing propaganda propagation I'/jfy.
par Aar' kar'na v.t. (dial.) preach pro-
pagate publicise

.» t par£a’na v.t. make (child, etc.)
" if y* familiar with one appease (child)
cajole ; coax console
km j(y J pit'Aok nf. mild instigation
v v support

par Aa navi st n.f. reporting espionage
\£/ par' Aba n.m. reel for winding thread ; reel
V V

parAha'vak n.m. influence
^ ' possession or obsession by evil spirit
(rare) shadow l‘^,jbb£/parAhafi'iah par' ns v.
possession by evil spirit ’

par&hq’i'h n.f.^ shadow reflec-
•* v '* tion l/1/(jyZ-(/''\j?/'parchha"ifi se bhl
bhag'na PH. fly from the influence (of)

par (fchat'ti n.f. subsidiary rooi

^ thatch, etc. on leaky housetop

. slip of paper ballot

Y coupon [~ ^s v ]

tf'ifr/ pUrkhash' n.f. quarrel conflict

V tiff wrangle^f (J'isspUrkhash'-joo adj.

quarrelsome [P]

£ parakh'che n.m. pl. pieces ; bits l

par a A' (tr ur's’na v. tear to pieces

thrash ; give a good hiding
, pat-ds'ds n.m. (paternal) gerat-grand
!> )£. lather /A } J t par-ds' di N.f. (paternal grea
grandmother [ ~ S remote ; another-)- IjIsJ
•• J[Pd P^rfoWt N.F. care ; patronage
1 accomplishment [P]

*| , pardsz’ suf. -er ; -or initiator ont
* who does or accomplishes something n.f.
beginning adornment decoration jb/^
(Qllbl'/pardaz’ kar'na (or 4 al» 9 ) v.t. begin

wdanj/j/porda'd nr. doing begin*

■.v

1M

H

ning adorning decoration -ing JP~

Al,

9 ty par'dah n.m. veil going about veil

* women’s stay indoors privacy curtain
sci'een cover secrecy drum (of ear)
pretext (11) key (of musical instrument)
musical note \!(y\»jspar'dak fi tka'na v.T.
lift or raise the curta’in reveal ’ expose
raise the veil discard the veil ; go about
barefaced (£> pur' dak par' ns v.i. be cover-
ed ; be concealed V-i'yjy sjr'aq'l par par'dah
par'na ph. lose common sense l/Jay par' da-posti
n.m. & ADJ. veiled woman' \ one who
connives at the faults of others tf'jssJpar'da-
po'shi n.f. keeping a secret connivance
par'dah chkm'na v x. discard veil
hang a curtain keep secret jljtsSpar'da-
dar' n m. & adj veiled (woman) 6ne who
does not let out a secret par' do-dart n.f
being veiled - going about in a veil
keeping secret; secrctiveness jj fjjpar'da dar
N.M. & Anj. betrayer of secrets**' (one)
who rends veils (Jji 0 }J par' da-da' rt n.f.
betrayal of secrets rending the veil
par'dah dal' ns v.T. -draw the curtain hang

a curtain keep a secret connive at
par'dah rakk'na v.T. hide things (from)
conceal ; not to reveal ; not to give outlVjr-J/
par'dah raih ja'na ph. not to be exposed
par'da-t ghdtb' n.m. the invisible hand of
Heaven the inscrutable ways of nature sj-(.

par'dah fash’ kar'na v.t. expose
betray If par'dah kar'na v.i. go’ about
in a veil stay indoors not to come before
hide oneself par'dah kata' nS v.t.

cause to stay indoor^ cause to go about in a
veil L'iy^Jypar'dt bitks’ns v.t. cause growing
up girl to take up the veil

pardksri nm, (dial.) president
* chief or leader (esp. of any evil groups)
Pardes n.m. foreign soil ; alien country
** * (jTjjparde'ii n.m. foreigner ; stranger
ff far 4- country)

tjjpur'zah n.m. part (of machine) (pl.)
‘.'works (of clock, etc) scrap (of paper)
bit piece Clji^-Jypur'ze ura’na v.t.
hack to piece tear io bits i‘f»jy»)/pUr'z9
pUr’zoh kar’na v.t. hack to pieces tear to

bits V/!tjj vjp*r’za par’zah ho’na v. be
hacked to v pieces be tom to bits (of
machinery) have parts dispersed

pur’zah n.m. (same for f.) cunning person
resourceful person [P]
try par's n.m. purse ; ladies’ handbag [EJ

irfpur’s suf. one who inquires if~3pUrsl sup.

V inquiring ; inquiry [p-o^j

ldj> par ' sa n.m. condolence visit for this

*•* purpose (sjLy, P*ir's a de'ns v.i. condole

call at (someone) to condole
(Jl//pursali' n.m & suf. ond who inquires JyjU
hal pur’s ah (col. JU^L^pSrsS'n-e fal')
inquiring after someone’s health ; solicitous
about someone [P ~ e/vj „

Of/parasl' suf. worshipper devotee ify,
*«' paras' ti suf. worship devotion [P]

parastsr' n.f. worshipper devotee

** » 3 (/!/ Id^ypa raslar'-zs dah n.m. son of a
free father anda slave-girltfjiZ*^ paras ta' rl n.m.

worship devotion service [P~prec.]
(j) ^/Parisian' n.m, fairyland wonder-

land [%■ P (f/ v + J P]

paras' tish n.f. worship devotion

(J excessive love or greed (for) *
paras,' tish gah n.f. place of worship [P~t/*^]
tj**y pur'sish n.f. inquiry questioning v

*** chastisement

bar soot' ks mkhar 1 n.m. puer-
”* V peral fever

(Jyi/par’soh adv. the day before yesterday
*•' the day after tomorrow
\j/j[yy parsiya'oshah n.m. name of a jnedici-
** v nal herb ; ‘pteris lamulata’ ; maiden-

hah

jyyparkar' n.m. compasses j pair
Vof compasses
jvJ parte"' clever

v parks’ ri n.f, cleverness [P-j^

(yy parks' lah N.M. spark parka' -la-e s’ task n.m.

'•‘(usu.fig.) spark J its s' fat ks parka'lak

adj. very clever naughty [P] _

fypa'rakk n.f. test scrutiny AJ^fjsnA
*•* pa rakh n.f. scrutiny test
pa'rakk'ns v.t. try test scrutinize

JZypar’kt adv. last year

V v

tf.par'ganah n.m. (old adminstrative) subdivi-
r^siom; tehsil Ji^Jjpar’ ganadar' n.m. chief
•executive of ‘par’ganah’

Dypar'la {col. pal' la) adj (f (^par'll col.
* pd'b) next qppsite distant of

JjJ.,

155

J&L

the other side adv. on the other side for
beyond ; for away ; a long way off ; in the
distance next door opposite
par' It dar’je ka, l/^StL-j^par'le si' re ka adv.

extremely excessively ; exceedingly
thoroughly ; utterly adj. arrant egregious
extreme tJ^PJypar'li ta'raf adv, on the
other side next opposite >

> parlok’ n.m. (dial.) the next worldb^dr/,
*•* parlok' sidksr’na v.i. (dial.) die [S]
liL y P arm3t ' ma n.m. (dhd-) (Hindu name for)
V " • God (as the supreme spirit)
tJZjtftpar'mit n.m. permit [E]

V

par' mat n.m. (name of) a low-quality

*»* rice parched rice, barley, maize, etc.

j parmesh'var n.m. (dial.) (Hindu name
t for) God (as chief god) [SI ^

J[j! parva'lah n.m. gargoyle

*•* drain ; drain-pipe conduit; j N
drain J i'/ t pama'li n.f. small drain;
small drainpipe

par-na'na n.m. maternal great-grandfather

V fyjar-M’rt n.f. maternal great-grand-
mother f ~ remote ; another +- ft* ]

pariti\ar n.m. printer [E]

jfyparahd’ n.f. fine quality printed silk

V ' t

PjJj/paritidah (rare lit .jt^Jtarihd) n.m. bird

V CfZsj l fj&jJiarifi' dak par rta'klh mar sak'ta
TO. none dare approach

Lit, parih'sipal n.m. (or F.) Principal
Principle [EJ

(jlfypar'niyah n.m. a kind of fine painted
Chinese silk dress made of it [P]

(j i/parva' n.f. care concern ; solicitude

* f worry ; anxiety ; fear inclination ;
affection want ; desire
jjj/PUr'va n.f. east wind (as foreboding
Vrain) ; easterly breeze [«*
j\j/parvciz'. n.f. flight suf. flying' soaring
v tfjljj'parva'zi suf. flying soaring

(FI * .

,» h> . . partin' cftari'na v.i. (of child)

'Jjf gfbw up thrive ; prosper (of

hope) be realised .become perfect
p scwwt doria'ita v.T. cause to grow up
make prosperous make perfect cause to
be achieved

‘.jjperva'nah n.m. moth {%.)

** T lover ; self-immolating love

H tf $ s

permit licence command war*
rant tf'0bj parva'na-t tala' M n.m. search
warrant (jjlf, ffj tj^parva'na-e rak-da’ri n . m .

pass permit safe conduct ; past*
port (fjOJ'ti/j'parvat'na-e girifla'fi n.m. warant
of arrest 1/jpiJi jUirfj^parva’nak par fida ho'n a,
parva’mh ho'na v.i. be an ardent lover
cufb^parva'najat n.m. fl. passes permits
Jbj> v parm'nagi n.f. (rare) permission [P]
parva'ya n.m. piece of wood, brick, etc.
Ufjf placed under bed to raise it
7- j parota n.m. food gift to mens

gift to menials at cere-

monies

JSZj+tjjf parautastakt n.m. Protestant [E]

JiJ Par' vox suf. nourisher ; cherisher : protector
*•* (j/jjpar'vafl suf. nourishing protect-
ing bah' da par'var my lord (iron.)

$ateori(fjl/»jZbafida'par'van n.f. patronage [P

JliJPJ parvardigar ' n.m. providence ; chensner

V (as epithet of God) [P - JjjjjQ
0)JiJ parvar'dah n.m. domestic servant

brought up in masters house from
infancy slave adj. reared brought up
nourished patronized [P
tyjiJ 1 P ar oar i?h n.f. nourishment juste-

V nance protection patronagq
rearing ; fostering upbringing

par' parish pa'nav.i. be, fraught up be

fostered ; be nourished Isijrjss par 1 parish hn'rm
v.i. bring up ; rear nourish ; foster
support patronise [P ~ „

parofai'sar n.m. Professor parofdt-
sari n.f. professorship [E]

(ta

SpJ parogaram' n.m. programme [E]

V

piro'na v.t. thread (needle)
v ( thread Jhrough eye of needle) string
(pearls, flowers, etc.) prepare (garland)
its) V poronof' hm. promissory note ; IOU

par o' hit n.m. (dial.) family priest [S]

* V

partUn" (lit. alsot/v/kjr'oi*) n.m.

^ Pleiades ; Pleiads * a female Muslim
name [P]

%f/ pdrhtz' n.m. prevention forbearance
** V abstinence temperance abstention
keeping aloof evasion regimen
frir'lSl^perhtz' sab st *thka Ws'kjtokhai mBv.
prevention it better than cun '>/jftprb*!

V J <

kar'na v.t. abstain (from) ■ avoid keep
aloof (from) be on guard (against) be
under regimen (fjfyparhe'zi adj. (of food) etc.
prescribed for one under regimen
parhe'zi kha'na n.m. diet prescribed for one
under regimen [P]

ijjpa-'rt n.f. fairy ; peri graceful lady ;

"•* exquisitely beautiful woman ; beauty PREF.
fairy angelic ^,fsj>a'ri-pai 'kar,
pa! rt-cheh'rah,jlZtfypa'ri-rUkh'sar
too n.m. & adj. fairy-faced angelic
(beau ty) very graceful ( woman) > lyjpa’ri-zad

n.m. & adj. exquisitely beautiful '(woman)
faiiy-born superhuman l
pn’ri ka say ah ho' ns v.i. be possessed by a
fairy J'jypa'ri-vash n.m. & adj. fairylike.,
very graceful (person) lovely (woman)^^,
l‘j 1“ pan S hi' she men Utar'nn ph. coax,
cajple or wheedle the beloved »./ i/i par'yoh

ka ikhn'ra n.m. assembly of beauties [P]

jz-t'N.M. (PL. Ofi/N.M. it)

x

f pa're adv. away on the other side
further off at a distance beyond
yonder ^st^/pa're pa're, ty^spa'rt raih'na
v.i. keep away not to keep alooflji^/^-s/,
pa're pare raih'na v.i. not to mix with others ;
not to be a sociable type
\£Sjpaeit n.f. (dial.) love beloved
** Vfari' tam n.m. (dial.) love beloved

(SI

paret' n.m. evil spirit (usu. asjCy^bioot'
£// pa'ret n.m. ghost and evil spirit ’*
fj, j pari' dah affix, flown J>y pari' dagi affix.
**V flying away ; flitting [P]'

^ j pared {co\. paret') n.f. parade [E]

•■r .

JrJ/j ^ pare'zidaht n.m. President [E]

l/ji pares' n.m. press the Press [E]

*»V

.A, pireshan” (lit. alsoj iPjpire' shaft) adj.
perplexed ; confused' disturbed
troubled (in mind) dishevelled (hair)
embarrassed distracted ; deranged miser-
able dispersed loose (leaves] harassed
(J ^0 &/J>ire'shafi-hal adj . embarrassed

miserable Jr lf(J Inspire' shafi-kha'tir,
pire'shsii~d>' f trouble in mind I'Jj&Spire’shan
4 kar'na v.t. embarrass hare "confuse
pdrple perturb dishevel (hair) scatter
cast to ute winds $ JO fyjpire &an-go' *l n.f.
confused talk J^JlJjpirt'^xn-m’zfa adj. &

n.m. purposeless distracted
pire' shafi-na’ zari n.f. lack of purpose dis-

traction L'j^Oii^ypireshan’ ho'nn v. be per-
plexed ; be confused -distressed feel
embarrassed j lPy piresha'ni n.f. perplexity
confusion / embarrassment perturba-
tion misery scattering
JJparem' N.M. (dial.) love t/jpare'mi n.m.
[/•' lover [S]

Cj/ .1 , pan' vi kauh'sal N.F. final British
L/JOssC court of appeal [E]

\j!pa’ra adj. prostrate I'll^pa’ra pa’na V.I.

*• find (something) lying find (it on high-
way, etc.) get for nothing fyppa'rz pgr’
adv. (beat) with incessant strokes C fjl J !/pa , ro
raih'na v.i. remain unused be idly all
along]- t'^.]

typu'ra n.f/ large packet ; parcel ; package
V

s pars'* o n.m. camping ground encamp-

P £• ment camp halting-place : hall
para'o dal'na v.i. encamp [~

par' tit n.m. share ; portion dividend
( •* contribution revenue rate ] —

\jipartal n.f. scrutiny cheeking ; check
'* audit re-appraisal Jfy£lfjat&'
portal' n.f. scrutiny portal’ iar'na v.t.

scrutinize check audit reappraise

V par'na v. lie down rest : repose
l*-/. fall • drop dovm befall hang about (or
around) concern ; worry Clf^par jans v.i.
lie down ; fall flat ^^J^pa' re pa're adv.
while lying down while in bed idly \Jg£d

'se kya pa'ri hai ph. why should (he,

etc.) ?

> paros' n.m. neighbourhood vicinity
(fjJparo'si n.m. neighbour tf'sZparo
n.f. female nighbour
***) fia’rhin n.f. mullet

son

educated learned literate (JP frtyparlut
hu”a jin ph. intractable person
pc' tit na lik'kke nam mofam’mad fatal
j>rov. brag of knowledge without education

f*'* b f'&* '-**

paov. educated but unfortunate t Igypenria'na
v.t. make literate teach instruct
teach (bird) to talk tutor (witness)

157

IX

mislead incite J la>}parba”i n.f. literacy
education teaching tuition C^parh-afit'
n.f. charm ; magical incantation Oyfyparkva na
v.T. cause to be read have (something)
read out get educated

I b, pur'ya n.f. small packet does of
vS. medicine ; powder [~
g j |> pazn'vah n.m. kiln [p 1 )

pizidi'k N.M. (rare) doctor [P]

V

padmBr'dah adj. dejected blight*
0-y cd pallid withered decayed
bleak ifr/j 1 pazkrnvr'dagi h . f. dejection

blight pallor being withered decay
bleakness [P]

pas conj. then therefore so
' hence adv. after behind
pas -and ad kar'na n.m. save by and by
pas-pa' adj. driven back ; repulsed \!j pas-
pa kar'na V.t. drive back rout;*repuIse
pas-pa hb'na v.i. retreat be routed
ctyjgp&'s-t piish't adv. behind one’s back
in one’s absence 0 s-t push't dal'na

v. postpone ; put off neglect ; ignore
osj/jdpas-khur'dah n.m. food left over on
the table crumbs tJ^pos-mafi' dah adj.

backward remaining behind surplus
survivag^^ It^pas-mafi dagan' n.m. PL.survivors
J*fypas-man'zar n.m. background ifpas-o
pesh' n.m. hesitation ; reluctance indeci-
sion ; doubt shilly-shallying vacillation
Jv*(J?.P as ~° P e — ^ ar ' na V.I. hesitate ;
show reluctance shilly-shally vacillate

{PJ

i»| . pasar’na v.t. stretch spread
>»£• extend display ]/{*>pasa'ra n.m. spread
extension (mangoes, etc.) spread out
.«. . pisa'na, 1‘ljflpisva'na V.T. cause to grind

•j i pasfl'na v.t. pour off water in which
»*i(rice, etc,) has been boi\e<l / jUj)asa'’o
water in which something has been boiled
A . pisa”i,tyjtfpisoa' , i n.f. remuneration for
grinding [ ~ It-*]

„ j past adj. low mean vile
‘•A? inferior lowbrow J^C^pas't-khayal'
adj. haying low ideas n.m. low idea^bti^.
pas'l-fit'rat adj. base ; mean n.f. vile nature
pfis't- qa'matjt£jrfpast qad' adj. of
small site dwarfish, N.M. dwarf short
stature^jw^'pes'* ker’tfd v.t, to yittj^p^pas'l-o

grocery market

bulaiid' n.m. ups and downs , vicissitudes
pas t-him'mat adj. spiritless unambitious
cowardly n.f. low spirits &fdX?pas' l-him matt
n.f. low spirits cowardice ljp£~>pas't
ho' ns v.i. be low be short statured be

humiliated duck (f^pas'ti n.f. lowness
inferiority humility lowland [P]
piston' n.m. pap ; teat ; nipple ; breasts

^jt^pistaul' n.m. pistol revolver (E]

pis'tah n.m. pistachio nut pistai”i adj
V pea-green (colour) [P]

I J pi'sar n.m. son boy "^pi'sar-e nooff '
]/• PH. (Noah’s son as example of) vicious
progeny of the virtuous [P]

| • * pa'sarns v.i. (of child) insist unduly
yr or behave obstinately be spread out
be distended

i> j pasdr hatta n.m.

padli n.f. rib infantile tuberculosis

'tipas'll pta'rakns, C^lJ^J^pas'li
pha'rak utk'na ph. (quivering sensation in

the ribs as) sign of absent friends impending
visit know without physical communication
be restless owing to beloved’s absence
( pas'li ks t dard (or dukh or

‘3 rizflh) n.m. pleurisy U^pas'liyafi tor'na
V.t. give a good hiding * (cause to laugh)
to excess

[V| pis'n a v.i. be ground be pulverized

v be crushed * be ruined [

SJ pasafid , (JlJijXfpasafidt dagi n.f. choice
1 approval approbation liking
disaetionlji^pasaiidi'dah adj. choice ;
chosen favourite approved desirable

pleasing ; delectable [P]
j pasahdo n.m. slice of slashed meat
such roasted slice as food [ ~ P prec.]
a | pi'sanhari n.f. corngrinder ;

-woman grinding corn. etc.
for livelihood [ ~ U-£]
yJ piss' oo n.m. flea

.*. jpisva'na v.t. same as llJpiss'na v.t.

* tysjpisvd’i N.F. 0 piss' ’t n.f. d
|* j pasooj'na v.t. baste ta.cV£,jXpasooj'
• 'v n.f. basting

j'na v.i. show compassion (of
T—* heart) melt with pity become over-
saturated owing to humidity (of limb-ends)

158

iM.

t/ pak'ka adj. (f. (JJak'kl) ripe , mellow

^ (of meal) Baked of (meat, etc.)
cooked ; dressed (of bricks) burnt (of
building) firm ; strong (of road) metalled
(of colour) fast experienced shrewd ;
cunning instructed ; tutored fearless
resolute authentic valid
sound true settled ; finalized
permanent U’ltf&pak'ka paks'ya mil'na PH.
get without toil 'or trouble \tpJVpak'ka poo'rha
adj. (f .(fjjpjpak'ki poo'rfn) settled , finalized
Va n.m. suppurated boil
person on the verge pak'ka pi'sa adj.
(f •(fvj.pak'klptsi) shrewd well-tutored
of bursting from anger or grievance \!s & pak'ka
kar'na V.t. reinforce ensure confirm
corroborate ; attest l^l^a^a ho'na v.i.
be confirmed be made permanent be
reinforced be established be settled ; be
finalized [~ C£]

^fivkar'na V.T. shout ; call, ; cry • bawl
rjvi, exclaim complain Ppuka're.

ga'le adv. \oni\y pukar' n.f. complaint
call cry shout bawl
•*/paka*na v.t. (of food) cook ; dress ; bake
‘'’S (of bricks) burn "£} ^paka'’i, ty/pakva'i
n.f, remuneration for cooking, etc.
jffipik'ting n.f. picketing [E]

/^pik'diar n.f. cinematograph film ; film
/ 'v * picture [EL

Jb/pa'karna, Cdi^pa'kar le'na v.t. seize
catch hold of handle overtake
detect (error) pick holes in arrest ; appre-
hend catch ; capture jCpakar n.f. hold
grasp grip; clutch pimishment j?.
pakra'nn , iV# pakarvn'na, [>> \t%pdkra' dt'na
V.T. cause to be areesttd make over ;
handover; deliver jU'j^jxt'kar dha'kov n.f.
round-up (of bad characters, etc.) ; arrests}^.
pa'kar la'na v.t. arrest fetch
l&p'aKna v.i. be cooked, dressed or baked
* ripen ; mellow (of hair) grey {of
boi), etc.) suppurate become an expert
pakvan' n.m. cookies fried foodstuffs Pre-
pared from gram-flour, etc!
ootiehZ dukan' phi'ka pakvan' PRO v. great show
without real worth {‘ijLpakva na V. T. cause to
cook or be cooked ty^pakoa'i, tytfpaka in. f.
remuneration for cooking

pakau'ra n.m. fried saltish gramfloim paste:
*** fried gram drop ; saltish pastry t/l (/'(£/£

be wet with sweet

Pjj^pasx’mh n.m. sweat ; perspiratIontV^aj>j>->
*' v past nah pastnak ho'na v. be covered
with sweat (owing to boil or heat) perspire
profusely (owing to shame)
post it* meh doob'na (or naha' ja'na) v.t” be
drenched in sweat ; perspire profusely
£*h )(?Bsh’t n.f. back backbone genera-
^ tion ancestry descent support
prop tiiifygjZfpUsh' t ba pudt't Ctfi/J&tfi&sh't dor
push't adv. generation after . genera
(Jf/i l) push' t par rath' na {or ho'na) v.i. back
up ; support ; be at the back (of)J^£i^push't-

«P

panah', »^jC^fpush't-o panah. n.f. patron
support refuge ; ally £&>2&pusVt dikhana
v.i. flee set out on a journey

de'na v.t. flee ; turn tail back oluo*,^v
puMn-ban n.m. helper support j L*%
puMi-ba'nj. n.f. help support *

succor CCl'ypushn'm adj. hereditary [P]
Oj\£jZ/fiishta'rah n.m. bundle load

^ J^StbSsh'tak n.f. (horse’s) kick with hind
* lpgs children’s game in which one
bonds with palms resting on his knee and
Others jump over his back is tX^push' tak de'na
v.i. (of horse) kick with hind legs [ ~ P £&]
2%pa,h'to (dial, pustito or r^pakh' to) n.f.

* the language of the ‘Pathans’

P&pish'tak n.m. embankment ; ‘bund’
v dyke dam buttress prop back
of a binding (fjZ^push'ta-batidi n.f. embank-
ment [P~«5^]
pashm n.f,

hairgrowth

wool

around private parts
mar'na v.i. (indecent) care not a 1 fig.
bar pash'm-e qalah'dar ph. (indecent) I do not
care a fig for it ZJrfptshrm' nah n.m, a kind of
costly woollen cloth [P]

• i Uj plshv a*’ n.f. dancing girls’ long gown

with ample folds ; dancing dress

J2J pasti&ah n.m. mosquito gnat [P]

(Jf^pash »' (mers.) n.m. urine int. urinate

pidhe'man’ ^J^r^pidiemati' adj. re-

# ’’ morseful disgraced put to shame

{} \rHpishema'rd n.f. remorse shame

lumiiity [P]

pit'ras n.m. Peter ‘non-deplume'
*** of a great Urdu humorist [L]

159

pakaura ri nak n.f. thick large nose <f*/pakau‘n
n.f. (usu. pl.) such small bits served in curds
(J^pakhMl’, Jfypakhal' N.F. water-hide

pakh&'vaj n.m. a kind of drum ; timbrel
* (fj&pakha'wji n.m. accompanist

• v

drummer

n.m. topaz

pokk'va n.m. lap (of one’s mother)

pakfu’ roo n m bird P u

V pakht'roo n.m. pl. winged creatures
t^Xpag n.m, (rare) foot (f^jppag-dah'di
v n f path ; footpath by path;
pathway

t tP Vga'na v t & t. (cause to ) end (game)

9v P«R«h N.F. dawn ; morning [P]

♦.*

sbfpog'H n.f. turban black-transaction
gratification lOMj>)Vili(f%Pog'Ti utar'na
(or iiMal'nd) y.T. ’ disgrace in public
scandalize Cailtf pag' it bahdk'na v.t. & 1 .
wear a turban tie a turban round (some-
one’s) h^ad in token of some qualification, etc.

P a g‘?i bafidk'na v.t be honoured thus
n.m. investiture admission to a degree
CJ^J'^pag'ri ba'dalna v.t. interchange
turbans (in token of intimacy)
pag'ri pai'rofi par rakh-'na v.t. place*" one’s^
tuiban at another’s feet for apology J,j
(1^* l*f pag’ri sahbkal'na (or tham'nd pii. try to
maintain one’s honour pag'n va'la n.m.

turbaned person (arch.) doctor
l at pag'ri valla n.m. policeman
\p)pag'la adj. & n.m. <r. iff. pag'h) silly
'‘/person) ; fool mad
fcl& pigjuil'na v.t. melt be smelted
**Tuse dissolve softed be mollified
^pighta'na v.t. melt smelt fuse
ahssolve soften ^jjjrpigkfa'o n.m. melting
{j pagya n.f. (dim.) small turban | - |

*• V

pal n.m. (old use) time measure about a
‘•‘second moment pal' bhar mtti kbv

in a moment ; in a jiffy ’jf/fjrpd' h (ml adv
for a while ' v tf

if pill n.m. bridge causeway ; causey

T btib^PUl bafidk'nd v.t. bridge thow
a bridge across ; build a bridge across ex-
aggerate (in ipraise) pul-sir it' n.f. ex-

tremely narrow bridge ; ’’’providing the only

approach to paradise , paradise pathway
HiP a'la n.m. ladle £ pa'li n.f. if
«T

pal' la n.m. pan, scale ; one side of

*•* balance border (of cloth) ; side leaf,
shutter or fold (of food) distance help ;
support (arch.) three-maund weight
load carried on head or back l"jf(fjidfrpal'la
bha'ri ho'na v.t. have greater chances of
success have stronger allies be heavier
bal' la pak' ho'na v.t. be settled
be rid’of pal' la pa'karna v.t. fall back oh

(for support, help, etc.) I'l^iPpal'la chkura'na
v.t. get rid of (of woman) get a divorce
(from) pal'le baiidhlna v.t. not to

forget , remember (derogatory) marry some-
one (to) give away in marriage b'tr^pal'le
pai'na v.t. be allotted (to) be married
(to) I'fyljjL-pal'le kiichk na par'na v .! not to
get the hang of ; fail to understand anything

1‘yJd- pal'le ho'na v.t. be wealthy I'yriJjL-
' v , ./■ , V v

pal’le kuepk na ho' na, by* OJ <±- pal'le ta'kd na

ho'na v.t. be poor ; be without means ; have
no money jljJ^pd’le-dar' n.m. porter
porter in grain market
\fpil'la n.m. pup; puppy whelp fptf
*•* hara’ ml pill a adj. bastard * -

tifett. pa'la pal 4' y (i, ^ j> fpa’li pald'i adj,
•* *•* ** (sec under t ' if)

^ifypalat' n.m. plot [EJ

, ••

^ fjfpalas ' n.m. pliers (EJ

y # *

(fijipatas' n.m. hessian jute matting

pains' n.m. (tree called) ‘butia frondesa
*•* palas' pap'ra n.m its seeds (used

as drug)’

pdas' na v.t smooth edges (of shoes, otr.)

<m jb^pa1*s' tik n.m. plastic [E]

. pila'na v.t. cause to drink give a
drink suckle take animal to water
add (molten metal to) soak in, saturate
with run (weapon) through speak, (to
someone) against 'J tyildi n.f. wet-nurse .
foster-mother suckling wages l - Uicaus )
pula' V (pcd. pal do) n.m. rice cofiked in
'‘meat. soup ; palau’ [P]

.1 L P'lpHa ao|. (r. j^.pilpih) fiabby,

flacyid weak , feeble soft {'^kpilpila na

['dJpitpila na

160

v.i. soften J>U> pilpila'hat n f. flabbiness
softness

* l, pulpulana v.t. chew without (using) teeth
U 57 ilU' pul' pula adj flabby ; flaccid
soft * V

I jppal'ts n.m., CO'paltana v.t. (see under

* v t - *>

W> paTta n.m. reverse retreat turn
stroke (of ill-luck) , vicissitude lucky
stroke change retaliation ladle for
turning pancakes, etc. OjLbpal’ta de'na v.t.

Uim reverse hurl back upturn , tilt
L'l/lbpal'ta fcha'na v. tilt turn over .
turn upside down change (for the better or
the worse) l’$> pahs’ na v.t. turn over
convert return CjCbpal’ts de'na v.t

yJ^pdl'tas s.f. poultice [E]

Jfypd ’tan s.f. regiment [E ~ platoon)

pa'latnh v.t. & t. return retreat
^rebound suffer reverse turn over
(of fortune) cause reverse
l^b pairs n.m, pan ; scale ; one side of balance
l-^lfjytypal'ra bh.a'ri ho' ns v.T: have the upper
hand 'I'jjjJjjQpd'ta bars' bar ho'na(o( scales )
be even

J^palas’tar n.m. plaster [E]

/. pa’lak n.f., (pl. j&pal’kth)
eyelash Jifm'bk pat'ya n.m.
blink person '{^(^palak jha'paknS v.t.
wink blink Iftggtqpa'lak jka’pakte ( met )
adv. in the twinkling of an eye ; in a moment
in an instant , in a jiffy iP p lak

se pa'lak nS lag'na v t. not to have a wink of
sleep ;dtave a sleepless night 1 5 J Jb

pal'kon si zamin' jhsr’na show great respect
extend warm welcome serve with full
devotion ( pal'kon se na'mak
Stka'na (or tkun'na) v.t undertake arduous
task

• tiJtpil'ka n.m. mottled pigeon

assalut , attack
be bruised

P.pil'naS*J(jl pil'par'nS v.t.

*'? rush 'press be trodden
jostle ; push , press

palna v.i be brought up be reared
be nourished be bloated thrive ;

Ci

prosper l If ibpa'la pala yd adj (f. J IkJ pa h
pala"i) grown up carefully nurtured

pilot' da n.m. parcel ; package pile
Z bundle .

^JCi> pa' long n.m. couch bedstead

’ f pa latig-posh n,m. bedspread coverlet;
cou nter pa ne y pa "laitg-tor ' n.m. idler

one given to sleeping too long good-for-
nothing (eHowjS’^jtypa'latig tin' chor n.m.
Greater and Lesser Bear f'jfl Jji dP/p/jpp,
pa'latig kc tat' mar kar kha'ra ho'na v.i.
recover after serious illness have a safe
deHver/^>/>a70#£ri n.f. cot
jb pa? lot n.m. of cloth) border , hem jbA.

** pal'loo-dar' aoJ. having an expensive border
n.m. fringe-maker

( *1 jb pilvs'na v.t. cause to be crushed
** cause to serve (water, etc.) for drink
\jf jb palo'tha ^ fej^palo'tki ks N.M & ADJ
V (same asfr/teN.M. & adj. if)

/V. pa'li n.f. ladle for measuring out liquids
from canister, drum, etc XjjzJ'jjF pa'li pa'li
.jor'na v.t. lay by gradually &ve little by
little

pul'ya n.f. small bridge culvert

.♦*, palt ta£j*Jali' l a n.m. wick ignited
Wf wick for fireworks (arch.) match (of
gun) C^pali’ta (hat ja'na v.t. flash in

panU/C^ paii'ti de'na v.t. ignite (gun-
powder, etc.) instigate

tl &£pale' than n.m. dry flour used for faci-

liating the rolling of bread 0
pale'than nikal'na PH. give a good hiding

pain jar am n.m. dais platform

I **'* platform ticket [E] •

Jjji pali'dar n.m pleader ; lawyer ; counsel

** V lE]

pamp n.m. pump [Ej

V *•

pamj'lat n.m. pamphlet (Ej

jJ> t paled' adj. unclean defiled , pol-
** * luted evil spirit, ctcdijJpali' di n.m.
uncleanliness polluuon [P]
l^ifpan, tbpana svr (denoting the abetnet^
quality) -ness *ity -hood

^ pan pref. (abb. for [}£) water (abb.

*fc>r&) five (abb. forc/l) betel-leaf
!./ pm n.f pin hairpin [EJ

W V

xfv

161

Og

\,jPu* n.m. (dial.) charity ; alms [S]

rtf

l*j pa'na suf. (same a stfsvr. ■*)
r*

pa'na n.m. width ; breadth ; span [~P 1<J]
tf *

pan’ ns n.m. emerald upper (of shoe)

* sheet (of metal) tinsel (gold or
•silver) leaf sweetened tamarind water

pinna n.m. lump of oil-cake, etc. any-
thing' rolled into a ball ; roll real
panana v.t. fondle (animal’s) udders in pre-
paration for milking

plx panah' n.f. protection refuge
'' shelter asylum Up #l£panaA' rfr'na v.t.
protect harbour give shelter# \ftO panah’ -
goh n.f. shelter asylum refugegjyiti
panah'-gS&n' (or -zin) y/^panah'-gir n.m.
refugee iy# UpanaA' le'na v.t. seek protection

r take shelter ; take cover take refuge
lA ttypanah' matg’na v.t. avoid ; shun
seek riddance (from) seek protection (of)
take refuge (with) [P]

/far pan bij'ti n.f. hydroelectricity ; hydel
y v power

^ *Jf pom'boh N.M. (lit.) cotton il^pam’ba-da'nak

* V W.M. (ped . ) sxrt tonsced Jj j^pam' ba-doz N . k
cotton c&rder (/jf^pam' boh-6a-gosh' ,
pom' bandar gosh i' adj. feigning deafness
Ata.i^t^hpam'ba-da'hm adj. (lit.) quiet ;
taciturn [P]

..•pa'napna v.t. flourish ; thrive ; prosper
(of plant) take root ; grow recover
revive gain in strength fatten
^rpafitk n.m. (dial.) fesp. Sikh) relgious
border path fatjjjir’LXlek' pahtk do' kaj'
pro v. kill two with one V stone j^pah'thi n.m.
(dial.) follower of (a religious leader or
order) [S]

V patj adj. five (arch.) five-year-old
(horse) (arch.) in cards or dice cinq ;
cinque ; five t^&pafjab' n.m. the Punjab (a
former province of West Pakistan as the land
of five rivers) (J \gpatija‘bi n.m. inhabitant of
the Panjab ; Punjabi n.f. Punjabi (language)
adj. of or from the Punjab ^ Ifipatja'ti n.f.
five-pronged rake lockingyoke (for a team
of oxen) (j£pci>j'-tan, ijitffpahj' -tan pak' n.m.
foe Holy Prophet, Hazrat AH, Hazrat
Fatimah, Imam Hasan and Imam Hussain
(as the ‘five holy persons’ esp. revered by
Shi’ites) rJiQpatj-ro'zeh adj. of five days

short-lived (as human life) sjjJ&&J*B*'bat-e
patj-ro'zah n.f. short span of life short
tenure of office, etc. J L'^jicyj-satlak adj.
five-year (plan, etc.) quinquennial ; five-
yearly JOfcparj shakh'ah n.m. metallic
hand with fingers ivory hand to scratch the
back with five pronged chandelier.--^/
part}- sham' bah n.m. Thursday j^ii^pahj-ga'nah
namaz', P^jUnama'z-t^ pafij-ga'tmh n.f. five
daily prayers < aibshar u i ph.

same as *''£v%P aft j'S°'£ ah

adj. pentangular five-cornered n.m.
pentagon

9 If* pariah’ adj. & n.m. (ped.) fifty

• ^ > *>
j&poft jar n.m. skeleton ribs

^•**atijar pati'jar dkt!la ho'na v.i. be aching
"all over the body; owing to severe jolt*
pah' jar ho'na v.i. become very lean; be reduced
to a skeleton

| Jr* Pty'Ta, o^pihj'rak N.M. cage trap
if

frZpabjum adj. & adv. fifth(ly) n.f. fifth
* class (in school) fjlfn pakjQm&li adv.
fifthly (P ~ £*]

pitj'ra n.m. a bow used for cleaning and
Cfc* beating cotton

Ut pahjah n.m. open hand (of one
<V hand; all fingers (of one foot) all toes
toe claw grasp ; clasp- (in cards)
five (of dice) cast of five impression of
open hand rays ^^sQiflfpah'j a-e aftib' n.m.
(lit.) rays of the sun ‘fpah'ja-e mar’ yam
n.m. a kind of fragrant grass ty JZpah’jah
pher'na v.t. twist (adversary’s) hand by inter-
locking fingers (1‘liH.) yj^patijah kar'na (or
lara'na) v.t. interlock fingers (with someone)
in a bid to twist his hand j^^pahja-kash
n.m. instrument for exercising fingers in
interlocking one practised in interlocking
fingers I'jlg pah'jah mar'na y.,T. pounce upon

claw oh ke bal dtal'ta v.i.
tiptoe; walk' on tiptoe (I# ft )£if£fPatfje
jama'na (or gsr'na) v.t. sit fornjly >
stabilize one’s position daw t
pafi'je jkar' kar pi'fblu par 4 ja'na ph.
harass press hard take to task severely ;
carpet

I ^ patji'ra n.m. tinman

"paftji'ri n.f. sweat fried flour
V ** f this with a total of five iagredieu.

•• »
6/fv

164

late *£tcm6onbjjpoor‘bij3 n.m. inhabitant of

eastern U.P.

jJ fjJ poo'nm poor * adj.
V [- <

full brimful

V

peo’m-ma’M n.p. (dial.) night of full
Af moon [S]

»f. 'see under jJpcr n.f if)

tyf* 9 'r| n.f. thin pan-cake

\jJP°*’X9> (dial. \jtpoo”a) n.m' fried cookie
•t *

ijjpoz n.m. muzzle , mouth of boncMjjpoz'-

V bahd N.M. muzzle

V Jjfpoi N.M. posture before camera ; pose [E]

r/Jjpo'zish n.f. apology S>t/'jJpo'zish-pazir’
*•* AO^j. forgiving [P] ** r *

\Jf“jpoos n.m. tenth month Hindu calendar

V (corresponding to January-February)
£nSjpos'i n.m. crust ; shell skin rind

V hark poppy poppy head used as
drug(/wt<y pcs' t-kan N.M. skinner ; flayer
,jrpost-kah' dah adj. full brine, hidden
facts to light adv unreservedly Crif^post
kh*t,(b'na v.t. flay ; sian(f*Opos’R n.m!
poppyhead addict (fig.) indolent person

xJjposSin n.f. fur coat

•* leathern coat jji^JpOitin
dot n.m. furrier maker of
leathern garments [P
/?fJZi*ypos't-a'jis .n.m.- post office

V ,£v , /J>QSi-mas , tar n.m. post-master
J posx-ma'.’tar jan'tal n.m Post-
master General - post' -main n.m.

postman [E]

JjjrM/J post' -mar’ tam n.m ‘post marten
f examination ; autopsy (E~LJ

\*/Jpos na (usu. as \ZsjOipul na pes'na ) v t

t * ..m • aAnv* nnnPieli f nc • />r

•p bring up ; rear
sup. wearing

Jit.

nourish , foster
covering l*J

Tjpoi&ak' N.F. clothes dress gar-

Vments , attire livers accoutre-
ment ; equipment fj^po'shish n.f clothes
dress garments', raiment livery
accoutrement upholstery (P~ t ?■*%}
tjpjpo&'dah adj. secret hidden

•* Vcealcd covered underhand
ulterior f^JposH'dagi n.f secrecy
cone ealment [p ~ &J>j]

fyjljjpo* port .frjposj! t/ipo'is INf

con-

(by

V donkey-drivers . etc f watch make

room please [ ~ P]

J>Jpu kkar n.m. pool name of a tenting
l *• or cudgeling trick

(JjP o1 n.m land measure' equivalent to fifty
Y *** yards ; pole Pole ; Polish national [Ej
Ajpol n.m. hollowness U^Ofy/j/’jk'dkol ka)
V pol’ kkul'na ph. (of hollowness) be exposed

[ ~ FOt-L. ]

po'la adj. (f. (jjpoli) hollow empty
V soft ; spongy

D j poo’la N.M. bottle of grass or hay^ii
** v/poo'h ta’le gizran kar'na ph be miser-
ably off

to N.F polo [E]

'i/b

Jfctypoli'tikal adj. political (E)

pii'lis (or polls') n.f. poYiceJf<jfj polls
** *• chau’kl n.f. police' post [E] * *" '

0jpaun, h'jpaum adj. (f -.Dpati'ni) three-
V quarters n.m. quarter to one
pa' van n.f. mild wind autumn wind
winnowing wind

f. capital princinal
stork wealth wherewithal
\Jj bautichii adj five-and-a half (times tablet

n.f. tail

** winnow
if y poott'ji n

*> *» stock v

.v-T wipe clean this
V patfhk kt adv.

having wiped ' * having cleaned having
dusted

^•Jpauhd n.m, pound ; £ pound ; lb [E]
paunda n.m. thica variety ol sugarcane

z V

poti^a n.m. anj hollow lube phalange
V J-'/pohgl n.f. flute juggler’s flute

scrpant-cntchcr’s pipe

jjjpoo'ni n.f cotton roll for spinning

IjypPniya adj (of paper, cloth, etc ) of
•* V sub-standard stze ■ .

y J po'yah adj . amble canter Of-jpo yah

*f£al'na v.i amble canter ( ■» P

s£pa, pe conj. but ; yet ; still PROF, on at

f-^ABB.)

•pf\J\JphA--pha ktit'rA n.p. hag procums
if V v tale-bearer mischievous woman
jfapht'iak h u gate barrier

165

j{^ pahar' n.m. mountain
f range of mountains adj. (also
pahar sa) huge difficult

arduous burdensome tiring ;

tiresome long and ^tedius
terrible ( i>J*^pnhar‘ pot'na (or
gir'na or toot par'n a) v.i. be overhelmed (with
troubles) C/^i/jitpahar’ si rat ph. terribly long
and tcdius night' (of separation, etc.) t'UjJU,
pahar dha’na ph. subject (to tyranny),
pahar’ se pik'kar It'na ph. be pitted ^against a
strong adversary ; face heavy odds b/tU pahar
kat'na v do the impossible (/Ijftlf pahar’ ka
da'manUiAida'mott-e koh' n.m. foot of the

mountaintfvW'paAa'rs n.f hill hill-lock

mount name of a musical mode hill*
man ; mountaineer adj. hilly moun-
tainous Ijyjlgpaha'ri kao'va n.m. a jackdaw

lilt/ pahar a n.m. multiplication table

V paha'reyad kar'va v.i learn one’s tables
lj[j/phar'n a V.I. tear rend rip

V split cleave mangle L'l/jitf pkar’kkana

vj. tear to pieces mangle gnaw
^]fi(pA&g n.m. (dial.) Hindu .festival of
t ‘Hoii’ coloured watej- thrown during it
its revelry ' ti mefi pkag

kful'na ph. (derog.) be happy despite poverty
.,f\^pha'gun n.m. twelfth month of Hindu
** calendar (corresponding to February
March)

^J[^ph2l N.F.,{jff/fb/ n.m. ploughshare

^{fifpka'na, Mfa'nah wedge any Du
*» driven into a crevice to fill it up
[rfphafid’na v.i. leap jump spring

v Jbfpkahd n.f. leap jump spring

^jUjli^iJLdphatid laga'na (or mar'na) v.i.

leap "

(Jt^yphatidi n.f. bundle of sugar-cane

.

tft^pkahs n.f. splinter CtsafZ/Vpkafis' (hub*
Vja'rOi v.i. have a splinter driven (into)

L~

u\t,phahs'na'v. involve

i catch

ensnare

catch entrap

yjyphah 'st n.f. hanging till

*** death capital punishment

strangulation execution
noose look fytf't'phafi'sl pa'na,
&%'<f :i ypkatisi diarh'na, l$<r'la£.
pkah'sl lag'na v.i mount the

■

Ul

n

wmimiii#

<rH

scaffold be hanged till death if* Lfpkafi'sl
ddnh v.t. hang till death execute crJtrV.
phafi'si kt tik’tiki n.f crossbar for hang-
ing noose

^jf^bhaiik n.f.’ (see under it id. v.t. it)

pkah'kar, it^idpkank'ra adj. robust ;
V lusty bold

(pkafik’na v. chuck (powder, etc.) into
. V the mouth from the palm of the hand
ijfcitfpkatik n.f. flake slice piece

mouthful (of) (fyphaftki n.f. mouthful (of)
(rare) slice or flake (or fruit)

I U Pha'’°Xa n.m. mattock shovel

spade *1^1 pha"ora se daht' n.m.
very long teeth (fjjypka'ori n.f. shovel
dung-rake mendicant’s crutch gymnastic
staff (for ‘dand’)

L {rfpia 'ha , l Upka >a n.m. pledget

V lint scented cotton flock
c/j^pkaha rakk'na v.t. put a
pledget on soothe console
Ppjdpkab'd n.f. witty remark fun
verbal carricature ura'na

(or kaih'na ) v.i. make fun of come out
with a verbal caricature tyr'ffiphob'ti soojk'na
v.i. (of verbal caricature or funny resemblance
strike [~foll.] ,

.•/,pka'bakna, CL'pha'pakm v.i. (of plants)
grow, flourish (of seed) shoot faith
fatten thrive t^&pha'bak, ^tpka'pak n.f.

growth flouridling of plants, etc.)

[pyf phab'na v.t. suit sit well on be
* •’desirable tff$pkdban n.f. grace
[rffphzp’pha n.m. (same as U££n.m. it) <f£
•t * pkup'phi n.f. (same as ^^n.f. see under
1£>4 n.m. it)j'is\g*pkup'pka sas n.f. father-
in-law’s sister ^'je^phap'pka susar n.m. her
husband

h at hkafikat n.f. noise noisy stub born-
y^V^ness I't/jetf-rpkap'pkat machana v.i.
nutke noise noisily insist ^Hs^f^pkap' (dur
dal ale n.m. pl. specious sympathy
j&jfpkap'pkas adj. very fat ; plump

IJj^jfpkapkar'na v.i. (of snake or steamengine)
V ** hiss

D +fgpkapko'la n.m. blister puffed up
"v * part isj*<Ljrffphaphj)'U^pkoot‘na v.i.
(of blister) buret 'i'y Jd- ja'le dil kt
phapko'le pkoi'na ph. take revenge for grudge
rail at appease one’s wrath by castigat-

(Jjlyrft 1

ing with harsh or sarcastic -words
(J jCjit^phaphooMl n.f. mould ; mildew &

'** pkaphooftd'jtji v,i. become mouldy
be mildewed

\»f^phupfu' rci, ADJ. (f. (f^phupfu'ri) relat-
►»*♦* ' ed through ; paternal aunt
fyf pkat'ta n. m. board (obsolete, save
** C'jJjli£paTa ,, e pbat’te meft pa"otide'na,
trf ’e phat'u melt tsfig ara'na

ph. meddle with unnecessarily ; put one’s
finger in another’s pie"; poke one’s nose in
other people’s affairs

pkitketrim v.i.. reproach revile

^ cry shame on - curse>^/>fcit'fcir.N.F.
reproach curse ; malediction

phit ph.it n.f. opprobrium ***£ phi'te mufih
int. shame i'jtfidphitkar'na v.t. strike (with
whipy beat (of hair) flap for drying
phitkar’ v.f. sound (of whip) sound of

beating (person, laundry, etc.)

f • i/>j4 Phatka nakha'na ph. die on the

[jjtfqfpkit'kari or phaf'kari n.f. alum

, pkixkal adj. miscellaneous odd ;
sundry retail

i*jjbfphayik'na v.t. winnow sift

*•* separate (usu. neg.) pay a flying

•visit * come near y&fphatkan n.f. husk ;
chaff siftings

^J^f’phapna v.i. burst crack break up

*»* disperse (of clouds) scatter (of

milk) become sour wear off be torn
become tattered be estranged have

chilblains I'ljCjfpka 'ja pura’na n.m. cast-off

clothes rags adj. warn off. tattered

parna v.i. burst swell

come out with grievances become excessively
fat V^Jjdil phat'na p*. be estranged b
kale'jak phat'na ph. be grievously shocked
Vfy&sp'ka'ta pttf'na v.i. (of beauty, youth,
etc.) be out of control^ se Apv. im-
mediately ; without hesitation pha' u

fa' loft adv. in miserable condition
pha'te pha'te di'de n.m. pl. large eyes^rf^f

^ h .& J.h .i I t i h n* *t rnih in' ri/L

l'i, fjrffJ tff.afi'khefi pha'ti hi pha'ti raih ja net
pH. "be stunned be astonished look
aghast

phat'kt n.f. fowler’s net. ete.

I (£ef phutn n.) tailor bird spot
* badly prepared curds undissolved

portion of soluble stuff stain
.* .. paihctan'na v.t. recognise identify
comprehend discriminate & If?

paihepan’ n.f. acquaintance recognition
discernment sign ; distinction
[ffy/phs’dakna v.r. (of small birds or child-
^ ren\ hop dance about in token of
delight (fy’phud'ki n.f, a sparrow-like bird;
hopper hop VAjyfyphudki'yah mcn'na v.i.
hop around (with j’oy, etc.)
ofpkur n.f. sound of small bird suddenly
** taking wing ; whir ; whiz
se urja'na v.i. take wing suddenly
oPphir adv. & conj. then again
-'*»* afterwards ; later ; later on some other
time lifyphir' ana v.i. come again
return come some other time ; come later
to have visited jfyph.tr' bhS' adv. yet ;
still even then; notwithstanding ; neverthe-
less ; nonetheless I’lfytfphir' jana v.i. back
out (of one’s words) retract ; recant; revoke
revolt go again have visited
phir' se adv. again ; anew ; afresh

paik'r n.m. (arch.) watch eighth
» part of a day ; three-hour period
paik'r din charhe adv. Jong after sunrise tir&fy
paih'r rat' ga"e adv. late in the evening
| paik'r a n.m. watch guard ; time ;
'v season paih’ra birka'na v.t. place
a guard over impose restrictions ; curl
paih'ra de'na v.i. keep a watch (over)
wait till late in the night [~prec.]
i eP phar'ra n.m. thin sewed strip (of beam)

tyoPphira'na v.t. turn ; to wheel ; cause
/v to go rovmd take out fora stroll^
show round ; take round on sight seeing ji/f
phira !, oo adj. (of goods sold) returnable
(J pharphafPdi n.m. swindler adj. artful;

/i tfphfr'ti n.f. agility ; alacrity alter-
ness promptness ; readiness
phur'li se adv. quickly; briskly jCj/jfcVJ j/f,
'phar'ti kar'na (or dikhana) ^i:(*£'fyphdr' ft
se ksm le'na v.i. be quick ; hurry up act
briskly p'^phurttla adj. {v.Jrfyphurti'li)
smart quick active alert nimble

^Xdphit fd N.F. shuttle ; anything turning
V/V on an axis whirligig small top ;

top’s taper used as separate plaything
L'ofphir'na v.u walkabout stroll ; take

Vy a stroll turn ; whirl ; wheel return

ML

Of

travel ; wander evacuate (bowels)
back out (df one's words) ; retract ; recant
change' be coated or besmeared with real
I’ytfysir’ pkir’na ph. go mad pkir’na

ph. become satiated IS/ff phir'ta adj. (rare)
return (fare, etc.) Lfjt/Spkir'ia raih'na v.i.
walk about wander go about in search
\J if plate' rn n.m. flag ; standard ; banner
•• V

phitr/ri n.f. shudder shiver
** ** scented flock of cotton (‘itfj/fpkare' ti
ana v.i. shudder shiver have the hair

standing on end tytfs/tphure'n le'na v.i.
shudder shiver

Ififpkar n.m. gambling den r'ya n.m

** keeper of gambling den cheat
huckster

ftfajpfpkarphara ns v.i. (of wings, flag,
'"'v •* etc ) flutter move with convulsive
motion be impatient phurpkara'hat

n.e. flutter agitation impatience
tykflfpha’rakna v.i. twitch throb; palpit-

*** ate writhe flutter , display
vibrate involuntarily appreciate greatly
bc,nioved be dying for , pine ; languish
^fyfphrirnk n.f. flutter throb , palpi?
tatidiv, vibration involuntary restlessness
pka'rak pka'rak kqr adv. with great
difficulty ( Clfl) c£ l i$tfpha'i ak utk’na (or jana)
be moved ; be ^greatly appreciated be
afTected by love Ctyttpkar'kana v.t twitch
cause to throb • flutter ; display . move
effect ; be greatly appreciated y^/fjfpkar'kan
ka adj. (of child) cherished
(, brtphur'ya n.f small boil ; small sore

jg pkjis n.f. low hiss whisper

jf(jf</fphus' phis me’ re kan' meh
ghus' ph. (said to child given to whispering in
people’s ears) you whisperer
jjfphis int (used to put unsuccessful child
to) shame

[^Jtf^pkQs'pkitsa adj. (p. plus' pkusl)

• flabby , spongy insipid ; vapid
weak ; feeble

. b , pkisad’ili adj. (OPP. ) loser
laggard late tail of (class, etc.)
jg pku'sar. pku' sat, /^*J>khu'sar phii'sar

fits '** n.f. whispering M ,

b fi,plasak‘ia n.m sprawling

phasak'ia mat kar bank'na v.i. (usu. of
women) sprawl

be squeezed ; be press-
become loose at seams.

' pha'sakira v.i.
ed slip
etc.

pkisla'na v.t. cause to slip cause
** to skid cause to slide cause to err

[ ~ M^fphi'salna CAUS.j *

I'jjn-df phusla'na -v.t. entice ; seduce
* coax ; cajole ; wheedle amuse
pkusla'va n.m. cajolery seduction: entice?
ment Isj IjiLfpkusla'oa de’na v.t. cajole
entice ; seduce

phi'salna v.i. slip skid slide
' err incline towards t^fplislan n.f.
slippery ground error ; s\ip (Jjl^pkssitlpali
adi. slippery

pfutk' pkak n.f intermittent gush (of
V *f air, etc.)

Yffi phak'kar n.m. indecent talk mutual

abuse ‘j J $6fphak'kar-baz n.m. indecent
prater one indulging in obscene language
/J ^fi pkak'rl n.f. disgrace L' '/ (J phak' rt
v v kar'na v.i. disgrace slandar
bring bad name (to someone)

bhiik'na n.m. . bladder child's balloon

** v.i. (also l^fplukk'na) ^ be blown up
into a flame be yery hot (of body) be
running high temperature
phuk'nt n.f. blow-pipe

‘idpphike'lt n.f. clubbing ; cudgelling (ap
an art) lancing fencingC^'i*’/
phikt'li ka hath pkeitk'na n.f. use a fencing,
lancing or cudgelling trick cfitdpkiket n.m.
fencer club-fighter

j. pai'hal n.f. initiative precedence
(/l beginning ; commencement cotton
flock cotton pad pai'hal kar'na V.i.
take the initiative ; take the lead precede
begin ; start ; commence
.Ufpkal n.m. fruit yield ; produce ;

harvest benefit ; profit reward
result ; effect ; outcome child , progeny
(of knife, etc.) blade ploughshare
ii&LjCfJtfpkal’ a' ns (or lag'n a) v.i. bear fruit
(UHj Clffiphal'pa'na (or mil'na) v.i. reap the
reward i(of) Ci/fiphal kha’n^y.T. eat fruit
get the reward of kka'na

asan' na'hiii prov. profits do not come without
toil vitffpkal'-dar adj. fruit bearing (tree)
fruitful , profitable fjtfphal' la'na

(or de na) v.t. bear fruit succeed reap
the reward of bear child vSydffa 1 *>

169

v.t. cause to arrive cause to send
supply convey inflict bring ; cause
Ijltypi'htoxbA ha" 3 adj. (f. pa'huti&i
kB"t) God’s chosen ; saintly (person)
secretly in league with adversary l‘ljffpakuii&-
ca'na v.t. cause to arrive cause to be
sent cause to be conveyed —

Ifgpa'lm&a n.m. wrist

^ pa'hWt&i n.f. bracelet

noose snare grasp;

(ft

V

ij&f pkah’da n.m.

9 clutches ; stranglehold entanglement
knot ( ) foltjfphafi’ da par’na (or lag' ns)
v. be entangled ^ be strangled be noos-
ed be knotted l‘&iXq£phatida laga'na v.t.

entangle ensnare kno/l
phaH'd t met a 'na (or par'na or phons'na) v.t.
be trapped fall into a trap get into
trouble ; get into hot water
phohde men phafis'na v.t. entrap ensnare
put into trouble
ph&fid’na. n.m. tassel

v

photo' na v.i.

be arrested ; be held
be ensnared be caught stick
get involved ; be entangled get into hot
water iUotphotoa'na, Cij-^fphotova'na v.t.

cause to be held or arrested entrap ;
ensnare cause to be ensnared or entrapped
it 3 ?* n'sl n.f. pustule pimple

\fitfphotika n.m. mouthful (of) (L'i
^ pkoh'ka laga'na (or mar'na) v.i. make a
moutjiful (of)

lj £&p&ofikar'na v.i. (of snake) hiss j&jf
j ^ pf&hkar' N.F. hiss ; hissing
1*J Qe( phut'kna v.i. (same as Off v.i. if)

phankva'na
V have
l~ C^CAUS.]

^ijpfphitkva'na v.i. (see under v.t if)

I jfafphok'ga N.M. grasshopper

. (iof phnn'gi n.f. sprout

phu’nang n.f. top (of tree)

ph&n'nl L# phony a n.f. (nurs.) child’s
w V penis

jljfgphe'ar’, jj;j*fphokar' n.f. drizzle

9 fine Mrops of rair it/ j^pho'ar' par'na
v.t. drizzle

v.t. cause to be blown
(something)- set ablaze

phoot' ns v.i. burst
^ broken ; be shattered

| gfyd phoo'phs n.m. paternal uncle jfj* phoo'phi
V ' n.f. paternal aunt

phoot. tJSj^pkoojit N.F. vapid melon

split be

bud ; sprout ;
shoot up (of boil) burst (of tears) flow
(of luck) become adverse (of earthen-
ware) break (of head or eye) be smashed
^N.f. discord split ; scliism break-
age toot' phoot n.f. breakage

wear and tear phoot' par'na v.i. (of

dissention) arise" (of split) occur
phoot' dal' ns v.t. sow seeds of discord or
dissention cause a split i~££k£'j£pkoot'
pha'tak n.f. discord phoot' bail’d na v.i.

(of boil) burst (of tears) fall &//J sjd&jd
phoot phoot kar ro’na v.i. burst into tears
if* phoo'ti kati'ri pas' no ho'na
PH* be quite penniless ^’[^phoo'ts mufih n.m.
tongue of ill-disposed person phoo t‘

kar ni’kalna v.i. erupt (of unjust acquis-
tion) afflict acquirer with Icprosyyjvd l\Zur* JjS
phoo'ti qismat (or tcqdlr') n.f. ill-luck ;
misfortune

phoo'rs n.m. boil abscess infiamma-
9 tion iS^f^pho'ra phuh'si n.m. boils
and eruptions

Cfjgpho r'na v.t. break cause to burst
9 shatter split ijjo(Ss{r phor'na v.i.
break the head try unsuccessfully to
convince (a fool or tyrant) ijjedljCLdbhaft'da
phor'na v.t. (see under thLd n.m. £)

phoos, ifjgphooiu n.m. hay thatch
** v adj. decrepit (old man) ^jtfio^bSddho
pkoofis n.m. decrepit old man

phoos'ra, pkoohs'ra n.m. rag

y 9 ravel (fig.) child ; brat
lm Jyfphok n.m. residue left after extraction
•'of juice (fig.) worthless stuff; dross
pho'ka (f. (J/gpho'kj) adj. hollow light
soft (soil) mere £yfpho'kat n.f.
worthless stuff anything obtained gratis
Jp.J^ydpho'kat men adv. gratis
/ jjfphool' n.m. flower blossom
9 (dial.) (fl.j charred bones (of cremated
corpse) charred part of wick any light
thing llj/fphool' a'na v.i. blossom have
the first memei^lJjJphool'-pan . n.m.
slender body good and evil ^(Jjffphool'-
pat'ti n.f. riband knot rosette ; cockade.
tt)dJP ko ° 1 ' 101 n “ V I - P* uc ^ flowers

170

Os'

p%ooT jhar'n a v.i. (of decayed flowers) fall^>
I'tfJSmulih se (fool' jhar'na ph. speak
sofrlyor swiftly speak with a rhetorical
flourish of style Vlt^Jjdpfool' parks' na v.t.
place a wreath (on tomb, etc.) C^J/fpkool'
epun'na v.t. pluck flowers glean char-
red bones dZdjgpkool' sa adjJ delicate like a
flower C/J^pkool' halt am a v.i. trim the wick
CjjQjttpkoo)' khil'na v.t. bloom; blossom;
flower 5 ' ki

bki n a laga'na ph. not to beat at ail
(fool' go'bhi n.f. cauliflower phoo'loh

mth tul'na v. be very delicate lead life
of luxury i)lj()j*fphool' va'la n.m. flower vender

&° o1 ' oa lon ** Sair ‘ N,F ‘ 40111141
festival near Delhi (introduced by later

Moghuls) if/gJoJjftfoo'l 0 * ki dha'ri N - F -
garlamled wand (used in post-marital cermony

J} lf JuJjf(fo°' l °* *» &“ dar N /‘ lar 8* J° tcr ’

woven garland ; wreath ^oO^Jyffo 0 l°k ki
sej N.F. bed writh a layer of flowers on it ;
bed of roses phoo' lot ka goth' na n.f.

elaborate wedding garlands

yphool'na, ClrJjifphool' ja'nfi v.i. swell

bloat 'fatten be inflated exult;

be pleased flourish ; prosper ; thrive
H jifpfioo’ la, ipphul'la n.m. white speck
in 'the eye i\efp/*(phoota phxr'na v.t.
be overjoyed ' be puffed up ^H^phoo'la
(folia adj. grown-up developed pros-
perous blooming t U'slijtf phoo f3 sama n 3

v.t. be unable to contain oneself (for joy)

{foot! n.f. hiss (of snake) sniff; snort
(of cat, etc.) brag pride ; conceit ci/y
I'Jjlj/jfooli' pkan' kar'na v.i. brag; boast;
swagger take the airs li/jj^Jj<f.(fooii' ffooh
kar'na v.t. sniff snort boast ; swagger
take the airs

^gf/foots n.m. (same as cTj?n.m. ★)

, phoofik'na v.t. puff blow blast
get on. squander breathe ; exhale
charm Jfephootk' n.f. puff blow
exhalation charm \y fk0 #jtphflohk de na v.t.

bum down blow up squander
whisper mislead incite ; instigate blow
(bugle, etc.) QliJ^pkooitk' dal'na v.t.
born down charm \P&j

phoohk' phoohk' kar qa' dam rakh'na v.i. act
cautiously be very scrupulous

phoonk mar'na v. puff blow /.sojff
(candle, etc } ; put out charm flfJrUjf

phoohk' ni'kalja'ua v.t. breathe one’s, last
J(*jd(foo'har aoj. slovenly (woman) ; sluttish;

‘ v slatternly n.f. sloven ; slut slattern
ffoo'har-pan n.m. slovenliness ; sluttishness :
slattern ess

jLytpkohar' fjljitjfo’ar’ n.f. drizzle
• ffohar' par'na v.i. drizzle
l lyd(foo”i n.f. mildew butter oil scum
v drizzle^ fine drop Jy^ J Ji^(foo'’i
(foo n i, (foo' ’ lyoh (foo"iyot adv.

(of rain) in lip drops little by litde
L yfpko'ja n.m. scented cotton flock
'* (soaked) cotton nipple (for feeding infants.
week person

^/pa'hiy a, rfpolhiyah n.m. wheel

Ifor^phepk'ra n.m. lung
** V * b

\jj dphai'ta n.m. (same as n.m. U^n.m. ★)

***** K
t4^pkai t'na v.t. (same as v^v.t. if)

.* 7 .

j&pfur n.m. wrong notion dubious
•* * course thing of doubtful value '
crookedness stroke of ill (luck) dilemma
catastrophe drastic change ; revolution
loss (ofan amount) error (of judgment or

discernment) curve ; bend ; turning

circuitousness distance difference

discrepehey (Pj^phcr' de'na. v.t. turn
(something) “'return restore re-
fund ; reimburse Vp'yjdpfo*' par'na v.t. be a
discrepency (of) i ’ifcffjfor’la'na v.t. bring
back Cf^pfor' le'na v.t. take back (of
expected baby) delay delivery (Ctyljl
ph.tr' men a'na (or par'na ) v.i. be involved in

difficulties follow a course of doubtful bene-
fit harbour wrong notions be muled U*4.
0 15 (fo>" mth dal'na v.t. mislead iace
(someone) with a dilemma [~ fy]

S^phe'ra n.m. visit ; call pilgrimage
perambulation circumambulation

(round bride or beggar) tfpkt'ra (fo'ri
n.f. (frequent) interchange f~ fy]
i^ffor' na v.t. return refund ; reimburse
'C’l turn over ; to return reverse
change shift besmear with (print, etc.)
break ; break in (a horse) [~ f^jfcAUS.]
{Jjtpke rt n.f. hawking pedlar’s

phe'n laga'na v.t. & 1 . hawk ; peddlelf(^(.
phe'ri va'la n.m. pedlar ; hawker (Cgk’ e ' r *
phe'ri, (^i^he'ra (fo'ri n.f fraud

shady deal e'ra (or he'ra)

pht'ri kar’na v.i. deceive practise fraud
(on) l%]

fpke're n.m. pl. (dial.) marriage (according
** to Hindu rites) ; circumambulation of
groom and bride round bonfire to solemnize
marriage (according to. Hindu rites)

(IMlpie’re dal'na (or le'na) v.t. solemnize
marriage according to Hindu ritual ( ~
jfafpta’ka, adj. (f. (fephi'ki) tasteless ;
'•* insipid ; Vapid with little sugar (or salt)
pale ; sallow dull faint ; light dull
off colour ashamed ; feeling humiliated

M&fiH'k* P° r'na v- 1 - fade ; become
faint be ashamed

£J^/phAi!'na v.i. expand spread grow
" ' luxuriantly become public be scatter-
ed be diffused Olfphaila'na v.t. expand
spread distend stretch propagate ;
publish ; diffuse increase ; multiply ex-
.tend open out ji^phaila'o n.m. growth
development * diversity expense ; ex-
pansion extent breadth spread
prolixity profuseness profundity
expense &)Mphflilavat n.f. expense ; ex-
pansion extent prolixity profuseness
profundity

iyfpaheli n.f. enigma ; riddle ; puzzlelfG^
V"" pahe’li boojk’ns v.i. answer a riddle
CtfJjOU^pahe'li ( OT Pahe'liyafi) bvjhva'na vj.
riddle (someone)

n.m foam scum

phalli' ia, &fphaiht'na n.f. small turban

(^jjpkaifit'na, CXf.phah'na v.t. beat (the
•* v egg) beat thrash
^l^phaifi' ti n.f. skein (of "thread)

yfafphthk'na, C,jyphe1ik' de'nav i. throw
*** fling hurl cast throw away
spill waste squander ignore
Ufifphx'nl n.f. thin bread-like concentric
strings ; yermicilli bread
^ pa"i n.f. suitcase picking (of cotton,
*etc.) ({,/£pa' , i ko ja'na va. go out for
picking

£ pi n.m. (same as I^n.m. ir

' pat n.m. foot footstep pursuit
pa’r, "ZirjtAar pa'e adv. in the footstep
of in pursuit of PREP, after d^lcpaya pat.

Jg pal' ba pat Jg-jt^rpai dar pai' adv .
one after another repeatedly inces*

santly consecutively on end ; in a row
l'f2^j>£ke dar pai' ho'na v.t. be after
pursue vigorously importune [P]

(ypi'ya, pi n.m. (woman’s) beloved ;
*** sweetheart lover husband (joc.)

acronoym for Pakistan International Airlines
(P.I.A.)

pays' dak n.m. (at chess) pawn foot-
"** soldiers one who goes about on loot
jay-walker (also ^l/fobpaya'da-e mafia' sil)

bailiff l ejlspaya’ da-pa' adj. on foot wffc
paya'da-rau' n.m. pavement ; side-walk ^^>1^,
paya'da guzar n.f. zebra crossing [PJ
jiypiyar' N.M. love affection friend-
ship attachment kiss IfljJ^piyar a'na'
v.t. feel a love for fyj^.piyar' de'na v.i.
fondle ; caress pay regards (to) pay
compliments (to) i'Jj^piyar' kar'na v.i.
love fondle ; caress kiss b^piyara adj.

(F.tfjl'piya'ri) dear Deloved favourite

sweet charming delightful pleasing ;

delectable n.m.. sweetheart friend
relative dear one piy a rail pi ij n.f

one with near and dear ones dead
jU piyaz' N.rymion /jjt.piyaz' ka gaft’tha

'** n.m. if Q jlf.piyaz' ki gapithi n.f. onion
bulb ifjl^.piya'zi adj. pink [P]
if & piyas' n.f. thirst strong desire ;

** </ longing (for) Vbfj'jp.plyas' bujha'na
v.i. slake or quench thirst satisfy dcsirc
(for) ; satiate & J^piyas' lag'na v be or feel
thirsty Lsfgpiya'sa adj. & n.m. (f. ifl^piyasi)
thirsty (person) desirous (of) ; "thirsting
(for) ; longing (for) ‘ ^HjlUJfPtya'sa
mar'na (or mar' ra'ha ho'na) v.i. be dying of
thirst be very thirsty Clfyi/^piyas' mar'
jata .v.i. (of thirst) have its sense lost
owing to extremity of need be no longer

thirsty

U payal, J is, pay a' li n.f. dry stalks of rice
** ' or grain ; straw ; dried grass ; fruit

paya'lah n.f. goblet bowl cup

** * beggar’s bowl (of
mendicants) third-day funeral
rite (musket) firepan
(fencers ’ ) assembly (fencers’)

fcastfypayd 'lah bli.ar ,\DJ. cupful
of 1 'Ify&J It. pays' lali hh,ar' ja'na
v.i. (of the cup of one’s life)

172

fh.

be full; die fill the cup C*jy v pays'lah pi'ns
v.i. drink drink the cup (of) become
ihe disciple (of mendicant, etc.) tyjlspaya'tah
de'ns v.t. offer (someone) a drink ^ (>)

Jlj ham pays' lah(-o)^ham nivalah n.m. (usu.
pl.) boon companion bosom friend J t-i
pay all n.f. cup J^O’Y. pir'di pays' li n.f. cup
and saucer

pay ami n.m. message errand
> '*'** communication^ b^paysm -bar, yJypayam'-
bar n.m. messenger apostle ; prophet
payam'barl n.f. apostleship; prophethood
pay ami n.m. messenger
jOjiya ’no n.m, piano [E]

»y

M.M. free w ayside stall °r tub for
** ^ drinking water [ ~

i aS pip n.f. pus ; matter ; discharge ; puru-
V** ' lence V!}t-*tspip' par’ ns v.i. fester
become mattery suppurate

pi' pi n.m. cask barrel canister

J^J^mdpe’partr.iht n.m. peppermint [E]
v‘"

bepar-vet n.m. paperweight [E]

-

/jp^pi'pal n.m. a sacred Hindu tree; peepul,
•»*** ‘feans religio'sa a drug called long
pepper vpi'pti peepul fruit DL^fpip'/a n.f.
point of sword (jyb)^ylpp,pip'ls moot (or moor)
n.m. long-pepper root

-rr- 1 j

love ; affection Ml'

£t?plt n.f. lov
** * ki rit nira'ii prov. strange are the ways of
love pt-pitam n.m. woman’s sweetheart ;
lover' beloved husband
9i0“ pails' vah n.m. (cob) same as t*j> (see
•* \ under )

I s&fpaiM'ra, i^f.. pait'rs n.m. wrestler’s
** * preparatory poses pre-fight flourish
(of cudgel, etc.) trick tactics ; strategy
stand; stance Vy;l^.painira ba'dalns v.i.
change one’s tactics change the stance
change one’s stand
i'tal n.m. brass

P

pi' lam n.m. (see under •£)

■Llx pet n.m. abdomen , bclley , stomach

.♦ V ,

ovary ; womb ; uterous pregnancy

interior of anything , bowels cavity
capacity hunger mundane needs
livelihood side ; team [‘ydlJlfp.pet apharns

Afr

j V.i. suffer from flatulence be puffed up

’ with pride be pregnant 0>l bsPdh'ns

v.r. not to eat stint oneself of food

*r^&lSJ l . l ~Y.P e \ Wa’ hai prov. we are
driven by" our physical needs l‘t/.J*-f,pet
bajs'ns v.i. be overjoyed i tyj^pet' bark’ns
v.i. became fat be gluttonous be

greedy Cfafyjispet baths' ns v.t. become glut-
tonous y * pti bhar adv. bellyful VytJZf,.
pet bhar'ns V.t. & t. eat ; fill the stomach
be satisfied OjlJ^pet' bo/' ns v.t. (of
stomach) rumble I'yjsi Vjfapet bhs'n ho' ns
V.i. suffer from indigestion ; have heaviness
in the stomach Ll/Jfl Jsr/fjspet bha'n ki
bs'tehkar'ns v.i. have a ricli person’s view-
point \}ilJi+spet' pains v.t. maintain or
suppqrt (family, etc.) live from hand to
mouth Ql Jjy*(f\Zf'\ap'ns hi pet' psl'ns v.i.
be .selfish pet par pat'thar bsndk'ns

v.i. starve (oneself) lead a life of
austerity 1'xdlJtps.petps'm hons v.i. have
watery motions -tjM’ pa'kar kar

bliss" ns v.i v be greatly shocked run
nervously ^■•^fypet' jdt'ns v.i. be impatient
with hunger &‘eZ-ja£.£y'pct pith.' se lag' ns
be very lean be very hungry (fo
pet thafi'ds raih'ns v.i. have the children alive
It) yyjLS/ptt phool'ns v.i. suffer from flatu-
lence have the belly swollen £ofdgad
body) start rolling be pregnant WjfJ '*^pn
phatns v.i. (of belly) burst be jealous
laugh to excess (taps'll ho

js'na v.i. be very hungry dWifjlfb&r&'ptY
chains (or js'ri ho' ns) v.t. suffer from "diarr-
hoes t t)S~?(.P e t L -dl a '$ adj. pregnant woman
whose belly does not swell I't/j Jrfpet dikhs'ns
v.t. beg for food; ^ undergo an examina-
tion by midwife iL'i/biOb^pet' dstns (or -
girs'ns) v.i. have an abortionff \f B j bjdfj
pet raih'ns (or raihjs'ns) v.i. become pregnant
-Vje£';'-y / 'tyrP t i sab ’ rafyte kaih prov. no
food, no service ; no supper, nnsong ; money

makes the mare go is^Ja^J^.pet' sab'

kueth sikhs' lets hai prov. the belly teaches all
arts ; stomach is the greatest schoolmaster
^Jb^pet se adj. pregnant ; in the family way
f pet se ho' ns v.i. be pregnant ; be in

the family way Cl^ljJl^J^pefsepso t
bs'har niksins v.i. transgress ; go beyond
bounds show one’s claws k3

bach'chah n.m. own child get unborn
child Hk Jj, /SJ^spet ks pa'rn hil' ns v.i. have

173

no jolts (in carriage, etc.) t^pct' kat ke

adv. starving oneself ; at great personal de-
privation if '/tippet' kat'na v.i. starve one-

self ; pinch one’s belly deprive (someone)
of livelihood ; kick in the stomach '(/f/ £*f..
pet ka kut'ts adj. greedy gluttcnous
pet' ka hal'ka adj. unable to keep a
secret 'l/tif'Zsptt' Ai ag’ n.f. maternal affec-
tion ; hunger L'L£<Jtj**%pet' ki ag bujhs’na
v.i. eat something Jkeep the wolf from
the door (*0 hh* T '~

fh$n (or pofi' fhkanj n.f? (woman’s) last child
I’jlZ^pe t' gir'na v.i. have a miscarriage; have
an abortion Lji>JZ^pet J mar’na v.i. eat less
J?.*~?vP e t' a ill' nah mufth

men daft/"' adj. old and decrepit
pet' men afiga're bkar'na v.t. amass wealth by
unfair means nth bed' par

par ja'na v.i. laugh excessively IjfO*.
pet' men pa" oh ho'na v.i. be too clever j/t
\ijiifj\sped meh da'rhi ho'na v.i. be a pre-
cocious child men sabs' na

sama'na v.i. be jittery; have the blue funks

pet’ meh&oo'he daur'na v.i. be very hungry
df.jZ&Zpet' niefi baitk'na v.t. warm oneself
into another’s secret J Ijtk^pet' va 'It n.f. preg-
nant jtf/pe'too n.u. glutton adj. gluttonous
tfj^pe'ta n.m. span circumference
nver cliannel curve in stretched thjng

string (of kite while flying) j^&rXrke, pe'te
meh adj. about so many years’ old
. > pit'na v. thrash ; beat strike
iVJydash punish tread thresh
mourn ; lament curse jJfcJ>spit’ pit kar
adv. with great difficulty after a severe
beating by dashing & t/ pi' ta adj. cursed;
cussed y t *Jfipit'tak pay r ya n.m, general
mourning " melee,

Jr * v AD J-- patent [E]

Pi, pitk n.f. back backbone loins
back pant support /j'frpi'ik par ka

pitb! par ho’na v.i. be at the back (of) /*>_#>

1 , /{iy o»*t

pitkph/r'na v.i. turn one’s back on
depart ; withdraw flee' Jr!, pith.' pi' dike
adv. behind (someone’s) back ; in (someone’s)
absence pi' Ah.' kathna v.i.

backbite ; talk against (someone) behind his
back iC6&ljtf£^piik'th.ofik'na (or tiok'tm)
v.i. encourage"; embolden buck up
pith, dikha'na v.i. depart turn tail
charpa'i se lag ja'na
v.i". become "very weak owing to illness Issjr !,
Jnih.' de'na v.i. depart shrink from
flee C&Jr*. pith! lag'na v.i. fall flat supinely
have^a sore back be defeated :n wr< t-
ling tl&fft.pith.' lagana v.i. be thrown
down in wrestling na lag l na v.i.

be impatient

P e 'A.a n.m. ash goUrd ; sweet gourd

b

fa&k'paith'na ,V.T. sit seep through
" * yjf.j^gfiMs' paiih. kar adv. squeez-
ing in JJ'.paith, n.f. influences weekly
market fair

pt'ti" n.f. belt box iron safe
'** 1‘jClifype'a utar'na v.t. sack or suspend
{constable, etc.) I’Jl (ft.pe'tl utar'na v.t. (of
constable be) sacked

sift, pat-jamah n.m. (same as vbt pa-ja'mah

‘***N.M. *)

gj,*fpt'A n.f. water strained from boiled rice;
" rice-water ; rice gruel
peck n.m. screw tricks (in wrestling)
** tactic ; strategem turn twist
entanglement (of kites) turn of turban
complication deceit ; fraud fa: peek'
par’na v.i. become intricate occur as an
obstacle (of kites) be entangled l fa?.

peAl bafidk'na v.t. grapple in wrestling
tie a turban kl-^f.fajpech! A ai'na v.i. resort to
(new) strategem fajfa?peck' de’na v.t.
screw twist deceive circumvent jUfav

pedt'-dar adj. twisted coiled ; spiral
winding complicated intricate ambiguous
fafapeek' chhut'na v.i. (of kites) be dis-
entangled fa'/js fa-peck' dar peck' ad v. coil

within coil complicated ; intricate en-
tangled complex Ogfafpesk' tkal'na v.i.

play a trick OlSfafpeek' dal' ns v.i. put

obstacles ; make matters complicated en-
tangle kite’s string (with another) I '/fa*
peH kar’n a v.i. seize in wrestling entangle

derive ^^fapeA’ kash n.m. screw-driver
l&hf/le'jfappe'tk o tab' kh.a'na v.i. fret and
fume 'iM&peek' khul'na v.i. be disen-
tangled be untwisted be unscrewed
of (mystery) be unravelled Oj*fafapetb kh.ol'-
na v.t unscrew untwist unravel

74

solve CXft&prcli ktul'na v.t. play a trick
(on) Cl$) jjyi v.t. entangle kite’s string (with
that of .another) £*pe'ch-o-tab' n.m.
annoyance ; vexation restlessness writh-
^jUype&ak' n . m .

bends and curves of path twists and turns I
(of tresses) intricacy difficulty [ ~ P]

jj£s£p*'dL l *h. n.f. dysentery ; gripes [P~(^»)

, pt'diak n.f. reef (of thread)

V*** [~P]'

tril f'vPt&PZn adj. hookah with Is J
V ** long flexible pipe [ ~ P] /

\^ ? pt tjfjka n.m. rear back ^

V " hind part absence < ®*
pursuit following” support

tVf (if 'j (fjULti-pi'c&a W-a'ri (or ? a'ri
Ao'na v.t. have parental or other support
have a large following be liable to face
trouble later be pitted against a reinforced
enemy I'l^ijfvpi’diha chkura'na v.t. get

rid (of) sflake (someone) off escape

(from) [s’jrf'&vpicbh-a cfAoot'na v.i. be

rid (of) P ' * escape (from)
ejkor'ns v.t. let alone cease give up
kar'na v.i. pursue give the
chase* shadow press ; importune of
gune ase bet on or back (a horse) [rfi

v.t. pursue pester importune (of

gun) .recoil ( '^pfi^frpi'^dia na (hhor'na
v.t. continue to shadow or harass or pursue
or follow ; harass force one’s company on
importune 4C* pi' dikhe adv. behind
at the back ’ in the rear ; astern in the
absence (of) after the death (of) for the
sake (of) as a result (of) Cl pi' (hhht ana
v.i. be late follow v "ensue ltpg£j r

' . •/ 7 "

pi’tjlhe par'na v.t. importune pester
pursue doggedly run after; dance attendance
(on) put heart and soul (in work)
pi'&ke phir'na v.t. run after pursue v
follow /return d£*pl'<hht pi'tbiu adv.
behind shadowing backward ; back
pi'chhf raih'na v.t & i.
be sfiy r not to come in the limelight
follow show respect to pi(kh/ dat’na

v.i. outstrip ; leave behind ' lay by ; save

ignore cause to follow ; set on ; urge
(hone, etc.) after cause to harass ^4:
pi' (Mu raih'na v.i. lag behind keep back

lag' na v.t. pursue follow

doggedly Of 1 (j^rpt'chhj lags' it' na v.t

set on cause to shadow cause to harass-
cause to importune Wjtdspi'&u ho Una
v.t follow become! a disciple of
pursue

fjL&f pt&i'dah adj. twisted, coiled
♦*?'* complicated ; intricate difficult

J’^t^'fpeehi'iah mo’a’malah n.m. difficult

case intricate problem tricky question
C> .■^’■pfdii'iogi n.f. complication; intricacy
difficulty ; abstruseness [P—c^afJrJ
(J&iPoi'khal' n.f. droppings (of bird)

^[<i.paikha'nah n.m. (same as n.m. •*•)

• */•

i^Spai'da adj. bom created brought
** * into being for existence gained
produced manufactured (lit.) clear ;
manifest obvious ; evident n.f. income
produce gain jjfl^pai'da-a'var adj.
gainful productive ./jlu^ghair poids-a'var
adj. unproductive "unprofitable il/lv..
pai'da kor'na v. give birth to create
bring into being (or existence) hatch
produce manufacture find ; obtain ; pro-,
cure earn gain pole (question) ; lead
to (objection) pai'da ho'na v.i. be

bom be created come into being (or

existence) be produced be earned (of
question, etc.) arise ; crop up (of idea, etc.)
strike ; spring up jht^pai’davar (col.
pai'davari) n.f. produce (of land) fruit

out-turn income jjr > }vj>aida”lxh n.f.
birth creation Genesis (as first part of

the Torah) engendring ^lu.paida'iM adj
inherent j innate natural' bom (blind,

etc.) 'df(/^lupaida' , ida haq n.m. birth-right
paid a' ’I n.f. manifestation [P]
/l^/pai’dal adv. on foot adj. foot

pai’dal fauj n.f. foot soldiers -. infantry
(JjUpai’dal n.m. pedal [E]

iy^ pir, (-fj pAt ka din n,m. Monday ( ~ P]
•••

r pir n.m. (pl. also Oi£' r P i ' ra *) spiritual
guide saint (lit.) old man
pl'r-e tas'ma-pz n.m. Sinbad’s lanky captor
difficult to get rid of £? tytfplr bha”i n.m
fellow-disciple (C£<h ,L ' i $J* r ' pa'kaxna (or
bana na) v.i. adbpt spiritual (guide) oMjZ-.
pir-za'doh n.m. saint’s sot ; saint’s progeny
Ji i/fr fUr’-t zal' n.f (lit) old woman
hag " J/lsPsLpir' {hou ba-yamz' prov live

and learn <X*f } J’f f Pir-t-tari'qat N.M. spiritual
guide &‘jJf.pi'r~e-fartoot' n.m. decrepit old
man (Jij/^pi’r-t-kan'sti n.m. old man of
Kanaan ; (the prophet) Jacob jy’f.pir'-mar'd
n.m. old man jU^/tf'r-r-mughafi' n.m.
tavern-keeper (fig.) spiritual guide £/lCer,
pi'r-e na-ba'lifh n.m. old fool iffpi'tl N.F.
flit.) <dd age (also (£*/({/' miti’di)
spiritual guidance as profession V/tf
pt'ri muri'di kar'nS v.i. become professional
guide na-mi parotid 1

miri’dsn mi pars’ nafid prov. sycophants turn
their patrons’ head } [ft? pits' nah adj. old
elderly growing old J^^l/^pira'na-sal
ao j. old & IsJjJsipira-na-sa'll (£/S*l£pira'na*
sor’rl n.f. old age [P]

pair n.m. (usu. except in Luck, dial.)

« ? foot footprint & & \fepair' ka nishari
n.m. footprint L’y'Jjlet/^pair bha’rl ho' ns v.i.
be pregnant (f pai'rok meh

maihti'di lag' na' v.i. come** ouf with a lame

exuse

I \yjpai’ra, CflJj/ZN.t*. paragraph [E]

* If , pai’ra n.m. superstitious sign of (sorae-
•* * one’s) arrival

^ If, Pf?' ra9Vt ‘ decorating manifesting
**' (fj/*pn:>a”l n.p. decoration mani-

festation [P - effc)

If pairas'tah adj. decorated ; adorned
« ? trimmed pair as’ la n.f.

decoration (ped.) trimming {P~prec.}
J'^pairsk' N.m. swimmer ^ t/i pairs’ ki N.F.

svrimmuigjlfrpaira'’oo adj. (of
water) too deep to ford (of water) deep
enough to swim able to swim '^\yipairs"i
n.p. remuneration for swimming
^Pcro’-i n.m. drum maker singer

o/kf e'ramoot adv. around about £P]

•* *

i*filf Pairs' han, (^Tfpai'rahan, n.m. shirt

i»^dresS(j^j^/*a'|h<t3 /ifli'ra hart n.m.
plaintiff's dress mortal coil

pairS'han ka’ghad ho' ns v.i. be a plaintiff
be mortal [P]

yl/ pairs' yahvM. manner; style be-

'•Whaviour &!ii £l/lpoira'ja-e baysn’ n.m.
style way of exposition [P]

ijj pai'rodi n.f. parody [E]

tfbai'rau' n.m. disciple follower
•> * pat' -rau-knr’ n.m. follower pleader ;

Htigant s agent in law-suit (fj/jfpai-rau-ks'ri
n.f. pleading (of law-suit) (fjfpai'raol n.f.

devotion following pleading (of law
-suit)

/J^y/Sairol' HMm [®1

•* * p

r /fJ Av . n.f. (dial.)- pamj^jj/para''i pir n.f.
w^other person’s trouble"

Pf ptr n.m. tree sapling U&s'Per loss' na
***v.i. plant sapling(s) ^

yifPoir n.f. footprints track

j^Pe'roo n.m. pelvis

\J^J>i’rS n.m. dough ball a kina of sweet-
** 'meat made of evaporated milk
l pftb n.f. low old-fashioned chair ;

••Mow stool generation (f’f.S'lf/tpi'tll}
dor pH'fhl adv. - generation after generation ; for
successive generations i^pir'ha n.m. low old-
fashioned chair

jj^>/paizar' n.f. shoe dZ'J hams’ ti paiisr'

3 •♦**« int. my foot “who cares i‘jl J

p&zar' par mama v.i. spurn condemn

V l/jj£ f pakar' dikkans v.t. slight show

no regard for [P ~ l )

^Jkpai'ssh n.m. hundredth (or formerly
•* V sixty-fourth) part of a rupee; copper
money wealth ( riches Vi h j)^>pai' sah irons
v.i. squander spent lavishly embazzle;
defalcate Cli^.pai'sah bans' ns v.t. earn ;
make money pai'sah t hik'ri kar'ns

v.i. spend lavishly Uljf^pai'se m'ls adj .

rich ; wealthy moneyed pai'st

ka kkel fh. matter of money privilege of
wealth

naftfjjtPls' dal'na v.t. grind ;
♦•^pulverize gnash (teeth) bruise
crush ruin

vowel point represented as c
"*or U front fore past former
state prep. before in front of pref.

state prep.
fore far

ahead a'na v.i;

happen ; occur ; come to pass behave; treat
Ikjlj U/Jli/iPtsh az mar'g vssai’ls (or col.
te'ia) prov. cry before one is hurt , call a sur-
geon before one is wounded (Jjy£pe’* f az-ih’
adv . formerly before "that (i\J$po'sh-
imsm' jbjtpedt’-bakd' n.u. apron har-
ness belt pass over horses breast (fjjifpfsh-bafi’di
n.f. foresighted </;</&*&> *»' ** A »J A wise
prudent ; far-sighted ; circumspect jt(jipt*k-

176

ik-

•

bt'ni n.f. foresight ; prudence M m»I l (J?,pe'sh-e p a
vfts'dah adv. not far to seek easily struck
(idea) self-evident (truth) quite ordinary
trite s~iptdf-lar adv. formerly
before sooner than ; prior to ; earlier than
l ^fjrf.pfsh' ja'nCt v.i. (only nkg, & inter.)
have effect ^ivjrf.pesh' -khid' mat n.m. servant
Xl/f.pesjj-khe'mah (ped. khai'-) n.m. pre-
lude (rare) tent, etc. sent in ad van cey/ii I (^Tv
pesh-dalan n.m. vestibule iTXjft ptsh-das ti n.f.
initiative transgression L'jiXXj^.pesh' -das' ti
kar'ns V.T. take the initiative exceed the
limits pesh'-rau' n.m. forerunner

leader in football ; hockey, etc.) forward
ah pesh'-rau n.m. left forward
jy^>,da'yah pesh'-rau n.m. right forward
vas'ti pesh'-rau n.m. centre forward pejj-
ra'v ijs.f. preceding advance leader-
ship i/^jjhd.-pfsh'-qab'z dagger (fj>(jfypesh-qa' daml
(gob pesWqad'mi) n.f. attack forward
step forward initiative I'/j^J^-pesh'-qa'dmi
kar'ns v.t. attack push forward take,
the initial) vejXfJripesh'-kar n.m. a minor
court official ; reader producer (of film, etc.)

a S ent ^/7Tv^ f — ' ! :a X na V T - present ;
submit ; put up Jrjvpesh' -kpsh n.f. offer
artistic presentation fA>tf£pesh-kghiri dah

c^re^^pesji'-gah

pesk-go’’l kar'ns v.t. predict prophecy
foretell ^(Jypesh-laf'z n.m. foreword XjiX.’
pe'sh-e na'zar adj. & adv. in view in sight (jfX-
Jf) ke pe'sh-e na'zar adv. owing to in view of
j UXtpesh'-mhad n.m. presentation
tender [P]

peshetb' n.m. urine ; piss Vjpji^^t.peshab'

' " * bahd ' ho' ns v.i. be unable to pass urine
l‘j7tbf~'l>peshiib' khata' ho'nd v.t. have very
great fear ; urinate (for fear)- VJXVjj.peshsb'
kar'ns v.i. make water ; urinate ; pass urine
spurn ti/ * ljXf'£* t peshub' tihi^na karjns v.t.
hav| no regard for ; despise [P -d]
tX&'pesha'm n.f. forehead ; brow fate
•***' title top portion of printed paper
left blank (I'J'l lVi)if(JsjLi>pesFia 'nt par bal'
s’ ns (or Is' ns or par' ns) .v.i. frown ; _scowl

J' til J f * V

" — j — : * \

view with dislike l yvj C^pesha'ni ra'garna
V.i. supplicate ; humbly implore
./>.». *•**..!. ti,? ; ^m-~Spesh'tar adv.

(fjifjtpeshqa'dami ^n.f. j \£&: t

[A A.rl.'i./t.f. u r (l Phj> I. nn'^m

impish bah' di

*•' pesh’rau —

ptshkar’ n.m. J^typesh'kash n.f. JJ&ptshgo

N.F. (see under n.m. -fc)

,&*P<ih'gi n.f. earnest money , ar. advance
w..* earnest money adj. advance adv. in
anticipation } \ JzHpesh'gi ada'igi n.f.
advance payment (P - Jk. ]
ljZ>pesh'va n.f. leader guide chief
" * priest Cold use Mahratta minister’s
title peshva'i n.f. leadership

guidance reception ; going out to receive
(someone) I'Jty/hf.peshya’i kar'na v.t. wel-
come going out to receive
/ j!>peshah n.m. profession ; calling ; trade suf.
"'practising ;jX>pesha-var n.m. artisan,

workman; tradesman oh'juman-t

pe'sha-va'rah N.f. trade union [P]

•*> pe'shi n.f. court hearing ; hearing •
v- " date of hearing trial presence (fX?..
katb'cjii pe'shi u.r. preliminary hearing "[P~

Jft)

n.f. •+( which see under <&*)
9j\jt^paig)}a'rahttM. (lit.) taunt S’jj^paighs'ro-
'* 'jo adj. (lit.) taunting [P]
nj/paigham' n.m. message communka-
*' v tion sf&paighm'-bar n.m. messenger
envoy emissary ^jk~paigham -bar n.m.
prophet apostle messenger of God
paigham'-bari n.f. apostleship prophet-
hooyl office of God’s messenger [P]
lm ^Opaik n.m. messenger courier [P]

try! sCpaik' kar'ns v.t. pack < J&pai'king n.f.

/ '''''packing Jufipai'kU n.m. racket [E]
^jC'pfk n.f. betel-leaf spittle tjtypik' dsn n.m.
"^spittoon [P]

jQSpaikar n.f. war battle fight
" ' bar sar-e paiksr' adv. fighting
piUed against [PJ

yfj&paiksn' (lit. also jjfjpaikah') n.m.

'*'** arrowhead blade (of any
pointed missible)

Xdpai'kar n.m. embodiment (of) body

#IP] ,

irpil, jy/it n.m* (I* 1 -) elephant (col.
'*** ili/f'/a) bishop (at chess) ipLyjil'bsh^U^/il'-

6aftN*M. ‘mahout’; elephant-keeper ^.J^fnl'-pa
N.F. elephantiasis *b(Xjril-pajah pillar ; "column
(jVfpit'-lan adj. gigantic ; huge £/'Jr'piP-niii
n.m. turkey fowl [P]

ft/ Pi’ la adj. (f. (fcpi'ti) yellow pale
••'•‘sallow jaundiced sj l^pll's-pan n.m.

177

Lti

^ llowness paleness sallowness
^J^pel'KS v.T. shove ; push ; crush (seed
•* ' in oil mill, etc.) extract oil from oilseed
do (the physical exercise called) ‘danr’

K pi' Ink a. v.. ‘salvadorajpcrsica’ its fruit

•* name of a musical mode
ji^Hpi'lah n.m. cocoon kir'm-pi'Iah n.m.

** * chrysalis silkworm [P]
l/Cypaima sCr. meter travelling traver-

** sing "(j is), paints' i suf. measuring
travelling travel. sing [P ~ ]

ij/lffP' 11 m * n ' (lit also O^pai'maii) n.m.

“ otomisc assurance LV> 1<J Lfpai man'

bsndk'ns v.i. hold out a promise'” give

word of honour (to) [PJ

paima'nali n.m. measure cup (of

.*>* wine ) 1*1

fy {S paima’iih n.f., measurement

survey *^jjPj J tsj>aims"ish bat'd-o bast'
n p. revenue survey [P'~

pay cm bar n.m. (see under n.m, if)

pa if * mak n.f, gold or silver lace gold

.. Vor silver string

<X* ,IN ' F ' buzz squeak Oj, (j£plfi bol’na
m ' v.i. eat the humble pie [ono.]

f4'na, W()pi' Wna v.T. drink quaff
•• ** gulp ddWn smoke absorb sup-
press one’s (wrath, etc.) smoke h'^Jpi'

ja'rm v.T. drink quaff suppress (one’s
wrath) refrain from retort, etc. pocket
(insult, etc.)

Afjj^^jlpai'n-isla'mizm n.m. pan-Islamism
V *•* i^Cjj^liptpai'n-isla'mik adj. pah-
Islamic [E] "* f

yd paint alls adj. & n.m. forty-five 0^7. tdv
U,t »’<* paints' lisvsh adj. forty-fifth
yJ&paiti'tis adj. & n.m. thirty-five
* paift firoaft (adj.) thirty-fifth

n;f. weekly village market ; mart
'»* Cfi^paiiith lags' ns v i. (of such market)
be Ipdd

n.f. strip with tmy bells for
V. M * pigeons’ feet support for axle-tree
^•}p&i*dk n.f. tail (of peacock)

n.m. ijji Ppttidi n.f. bottom of
** * vessel, etc; iCftftixsperi dt ks hoiks adj.
unreliable ; untrustworthy

n.f. fried sweet ball this as
• ** * tonic or candle , .

! j^pi’nis icol. i /ypi'nas),jrZ > fi'nas n.f. palan
" quin ; litter

JL-^pain'sath. adj. & n.m. sixty-five J , j at Zv
painsatkiyh adj. sixty-fifth
^Jy’pi'nah, kJ^Ji'nak n.f. drowsi-
'* ness (caused by opium) yf-.
pi'naki n.m. one drowsy from
opium-eating

. j fcypiiig n.f. (dial, m.) mo-

•* **tion of, swing (rare) >

swing L>3-*6)pihg' bark'ns v.i.

be swung with force grpw

more intimate (i{#J)iipsCJ&pihg' ch arks' na
(or barks' ns) v.T. take tfte swing high up

(usu. pi.) develop intimacy (with)

/'c^.pai ni n.f. penny m

/■'baivas't apt. sticking pasted join-
»•*•* cd; linked transfixed Jp-^y.pawas'tagi
n.f. connection link adhesion
attachment ^-^paivas'lsh adj. always ;

ever contiguous in separable sticking ;

pasted linked [P ~c/^v]
jfypaivaW n.m. patch graft ; engraft
*•*•* (usu. unmatched) connection
paivafid' lags'ns v.T. patch graft & >'X..
paivafi'di adj. grafted.; ungrafted n.m, engraft-
ed tree’s fruit J^/tJ^f.paivandi meotichht*
n.f. pl. moustaches joining the beard

[P -ifVA

^pih n.f. tallow fP]

*.*.*

yy J „pi'har n.m. (woman’s) father’s house
«»*

JYlfpai'-ham adv, one after another; in a
■ * series ; in a row

yy-' pi’hoo, j^j^.pi'hoo pi'hoo n.f. crested
*** cuckoo’s cry

I ■ ~ ’ *

K

S
R

'-XXXXXXXXXXXX

I..

te fourth letter of Urdu alphabet having

no equivalent in English ; sound represent-
ed as t (in jummal reckoning) 400
ti pref. three [ cont.]

[‘“la int. (nurs.) I am seeing you
Y Eureka behold

adv. & prep. to ; up to until ; a-
as as long as con j. since while

| in erder that ; to the end that ; so that

5 Y Eu

r*.

. ! far

A"

•Z+^jCta ba-ztsfc, ba-hayat' adv. till

\£i £‘ta ba-kijjL adv. how long how far
whtfhcr^T>Pfa ba-kai' adv. how much
how^ many till when Xrl'tn diafid' adv.

how long how many how much ?Jbf
la #a/* adv. till now yet ; hitherto yjjl
la titfdagi, j^jl'ta ilsi' adv. till death adj.
life-long A" ta-keh conj. so that ; to the end
that f'tCta' -ham cott}. yet; still neverthe-
less nonetheless jsf C'ta-hBnooz' con’J. yet
•till adv. till more [P]

n.f. power endurance light

* refulgence heat convulsion twist
curl radiation suf. shining; luminous
illuminating tab' la'na v.i. endure;

suffer patiently L'llii^Ctab' na la'na y.i. . be
unable to endure be powerless ^ixLUab-o-
ta'qat, (Ji jif>l’ta'b-o-taoa1t’ n.f. endurance
capacity strengdi J 1 L la' baft . adj .

refulgent glittering splendid J A'iaba'm
hj. refulgence ; brilliance splendour
(f *f>Ctab' til'll. (cor Ft.J'^lltap lil'li) n.f. en-
largement of the spleen ; splenic fever ;
splenitis j l* C’tab'-dsr adj. luminous ; reful-
gent warm curly h/CH'iai'nflA adj.
brilliant refulgent [P~ ybx.l]

a'bar-tor' adj. successive ; repeated
adv. repeated ; one after another
*! Jlta'bislsn n.m. summer J C^ltabista'm
adj summer [PJ

‘‘ta’blsh n.f. refulgence ; brilliance

* splendour heat grief [P ~ ut//i ]

fyiia'be 1 adj. subordinate obedient

n.m. follower doublet used as
adjunct adj. (col.) obedient

n.m. (col.) loyal , servant (fJjtlC'ta'be'-da'ri
n.f. loyally allegiance obedience
(jA^'ta'be'-t moh’mal n.m. meaningless adjunct
(A1

J’C'ta’bt'i n.m. (fl. ytfillabe'ln') successors to
the Hojy Prophet's companions [A~ prkc.]
fyCiabiVdah adj. bright ; luminous
refulgent aft*’ tfagf n.f brightness

rnitji taboof N.M. coffin

* Wer [A]

fever J* •rfftap' til'U. (col. for
w (fifCiap’ til'U) n.f. (see unden^iN.F.^)
lx l tap’na v.T. w arm oneself at or over (fire)

mi iiiiom

•r
** *•

jl l/a'ter' n.m. Tartary tfjl fials'rl n<m. & adj.
Tartar [T]

^x?**,** >

(jh t in' la th.ai"l n n f. words used for
beating time with dance, drum, etc.
time signal dance or music measure [ono]
J/l iaas’sur sj/. impression ZlAta? os' sura?

n.m. pi/.' impressions r la'as'ur

pax' da kar'na, C’.i'jl ta'as'sur de'ns v.t. give or
create the impression CJyCia'at'ur le'na v.i,
foriu the impression [A~y’/]

% tasir' n.f. effect efficacy [A ~ j' 1 ]

£,1 taj' n.m. crown ; diadem sovereign
authority , the crown (cock’s) comb ;
crest (Jf^itaj-po'shi n.f. coronation jhfC'taj'-
d‘~‘ r , jJ?i"taj'-var n.m. sovereign ifjlifllaj-da'ri,
(Jjf'.i“lai'-va‘ri n.f. sovereignty ; kingship
y ta j'mahal' n.m. the Taj [A]
yfta'jir n.m. merchant businessman

trader [A ~ Ujl?}

‘“fik'’ *-40a'jik suf. inhabitant of
Tajkistari in Russia (arch.) trader
(arch.) one born in Arabia but bred in a
Persian or Turkish speaking country [T]

takh't n.f. invasion ; inroad; inc.ursion
attack , assault plunder ; ravage
iakh’i-o la' raj' kar'na v.t.
invade plunder ; ravage ransack
devastate (PI

s* ta'akh'khur n.m. being late dela y ;
postponement

jOy la’kfSr’ n.f. delay procrastination
st adv. late t^/fla'jWjfr' kar'na
v.t. be late put off ; postpone pro-
crastinate [A ~ jri]

4-x)l tadib' n.f. chastisement ; admonition;

* correction _ discipline teaching
manners tadib' kar'na v.t chastise ;

admonish discipline [A
l/ir’lar n.m. telegram wire thread

string steel wire warp chord

elongated drop of sticky substance oily
speck floating on liquid way , manner
Oxlyl'/ar' bahdk'na v.t. repeat intenvp-
tedly send out a spate (of) , overwhelm or
deluge (with)3y.vl'Var bar'ql n.m. (arch.)
ttlegramtfSsj’vnar' bafidi'na v.i. be deluged
(with) jty'tar' tar adj. tattered tom to
pieces Wtar’ tar kar'na v.t. tear to jneoes
OjA''tar , 'toct'na v.i. (of series, etc.) be broken
be interrupted Csy&jV'ia'r-t * onkaboot ' n.m.
cobweb^r^i^ar'-kafft n.m. wiredeewer fjA
tar'-ka'shl n.f. kind of embroidery done by
pulling out woof w Redrawing ye ji'tat'-^ltr

179

n.m. telegraph office sJjjita'r-o pod' N M,
warp and woof . texture structure
existence ty^iJsA tar'-o-pod' baJchtr'na [P]
*yl*'lar adj. blactiL A’iff/fl&'ra-o-tar' adj. quite
dark [P]

t ta'ra n.m. star .apple (ot the eye)
fc/ i bC ta'ra toot'tm v.i. (of star) shoot
Cif f/ljOara ho^ ja'na v.i look tiny owing to
great distanced I^J^-A'ta're nazar a 'naAsfi t

la’re dikha’’i de'na n.f. be stunned with
Wow be perplexed (%UAj’fd-j£'ta're tor'na

(or utar'na) v.t. do the impossible be
very tricky ; be too clever \irfd~jCta' tt cAkat'na
v.i. (of sky) be or become clear (,* &td~jCta're
dikha'na v.t. bring ouj (as a sixth-day
ritual after delivery) CJdA “tart gin'na v.i.
have no sleep ; pass a sleepless night
dOm'-dar ta'ra n.m. comet
gil" taraj' n.m. ravage ; plunder spolia-
tion devastation ICtaraj' kar'na
v.t ransack ; ravage , plunder despoil
devastate Vjt&H’taraj’ ho'na v.i. be ravag-
ed ; be ransacked fP]

&A‘ Uu'pido n.m. torpido (E|

••V

J&l tafpdn n.m. turpentine diYtf/C'tar'pin
m j ka tel' n.m. turpentine oil [E]

^JjV ta'rik n.m. relinquisher abstainer
one who foregoes confirmed
bachelor adj. relipquishing

tari'ki gDAa' ja'na v.i. (of darkness) spread all

:* Ma ja m
UjjA"tan

bachelor adj. relipquishing abstemious
abstaining Uj t JjCta' rik-ud-duh'ya n m.
hermit recluse adj. leading the life of a
recluse /jCta'rikah n.f. spinster [ ~ A , Jy]
JA ta'rak n.m. bead ; crown ; pate
y helmet [P]

J/A terkol, jQjkol'tar n.m. tar [ ~ E tar -f
V M coa, l

^jl tarlkh' n.f. datp history annals;
chronic je data (of hearing) ; hearing
(usd. verse) -anagram recording year of
some occurrence ; chroihogram fyfrft/l'hrlkh'
fhaihra'na v.t. fix date (of marriage'; etc.)
VsPfc'A’tarlkW dtai'harna v.t. (of such date)
be fixed l’(*%(Al'}arikh' darka'na v.i. date
bj&jClarlkJi’ dina v.t. give the date of next
hearing Ur £a tarlkh' kaih'na v.i. compose a
chronogram Mari' kh-e muqar'raroh n.f.

fixed date day of appointment V ))£A"
tarjkh-t oUqoo 1 ' n.f. date of occurrence jIj£,A"
tarlkh' -vat adv. datewise [A] .

Jj0arik' adj. dark obscure jA'iarifj

’ n.f. darkness

obscure JA'l

obscurity

: JjUarito

tyYJS

switch off or put out the lights (P) t

A tar n.m. a kind of palm; toddy-palm tS 4 ^
ta'ri n.f. toddy

l‘Jfl“tar'na v.t. stare mark out with evil
intentions ogle make out Of 5 f tar'
ja'na v i. make out guess ; conjecture
understand ; perceive apprehend yftar n.f.

stare eviUintentioncd look perception
jl%' tar'-baz (dial. / jCla'roo , ljl"la'riya) adj.
* q quick of apprehension

ta'ri n.f. (see under jTn.m. 1c)

OjCta'zah adj. (f. same ; col. F.(/ji"ta'&)
latest recent new fresh not
stale not gone bad fjCitKta'za ba-t'd'zah
adj. fresh latest new ; brand new
up-to-date not stale freshly blooming
ptjlTta'za-dam adj. fresh ready un-
tired l ta'za-dam ho'na v.i. be
refreshed be in good spirits be untired
v/,;rta'zak kar'na v.i revive or refresh
(memory) change (hookah) water t'A
ta za-ia rid N. ncw-comcr IjJtjC ta'zah ko'na
v.r.iof memory, etc.) ; be revived; be refresh-
ed ifWtii'zagi n.f. freshness [PJ

N M - & adj. Arab (horse or dog)
reputed for swiftness of its speed (
ta' to kut' la n.m. greyhound [P]
r (jj\Ata'zi adj. (see under

A jl taziya'nah N.M. whip ; scouragc t*&U"
** ( L'j l };) taziya'nah laga'na [or mat' na) v.

whip ; flog ; scouragc ; castigate

ta'as'suf n.m. regret remorse

grief ; affliction pity ; commiseration

ta' as' siif kar' nn v.t. & i. regret
grieve pity

tf’tasis ' n.f. foundation ; establishment
i/t/^itasis' kar 'na v.t, sc; up ; cstab-
. lish ; found (Srfj'jfyaum-e lasts' n.m. foun-
dation day [A~j/Vd]

•9 f*

Jl lash n.m. playing cards ; cards ,
(arch.) gold foil (arch.) ti|Mie
brocade

ta'shah n.m. scm«-#phencal i ./ fftZ -

drum [P]

'Al”taf'tah n.m. taffeta adj. TtjW
glossy cr.eam horse or \\ j\ sj
pigeon [P~ cTt J jwM

Jr

180

JCt

tab N;F. vine IP!

stare at peep ogle

°&9.

ambush ; lie in wait for

. /- tak'na V.T.

aim

tsk n.f. keep look-out aim wait-
ing for opportunity ogle lak' jhaftk

K. f. ogling peeping peeping about

oJU'tsk' rakh'na V.T. have an eye on
UfJ Ut tab' meh raih'nu v.T. be on the
look out for He in wait fctt*$t/l‘7ak' lags' qd
vit. stare ogle. ambush IV L J jl"
lak' Jcar mar'na v.T. take (a good) aim at
jJ'ftakid' n.f. stress ; emphasis urging
pressure l[ f jj'ftakid' kar'na v.T.
stress ; emphasize ; eiijoin press ; urge
insist (on) enjoin 1 jj'ClakVdan adv. as a
reminder strictly emphatically
peremptorily tfjJCiaki’dl Adj. urgent
emphatic peremptory [A]

jfC ta’gs n.m. (same as tfhtjN.u. if)

/ai n.m. lake pool

IT la/ n.f. musical measure rhythmic
beat (of hands) OiJC'tal’ de’na v.i. beat
time in music l'J?Jl?(Jl!'tal' bc-tal’ ho'ns,
l>jTl)&*Z'dC‘tal’se be-tal'ho'na v.i, be out
of tune i y ( Ji'tsr mel n.f. accord agreement
hamono n/jrfjC'tsT mel khans
lUTla'/a n.m. lock f t6i)Oa7a lagans v.t.

Jock put padlock on jf W'ta'la kuii’ji
HOI. lock and key Jf J ki kufi'ji n.m.

key (to lock) key (to) Jfta'li n.f. •*
* taia-bah'di N.f. lock-out.

' rtalcb' n.m. pond,; pool water

reservoir [- (jf-f P<-'* ]

, •'la'al'lqf n.m. (ped.) intimacy friend-

t^vship | A~ ]

la'al'lum n.m. gTief torment [A ]

wc talmukhha'nah n.m. lotus seed (used as
, a - *«8)

/KjV tel n.m; admixture impact

ylTla'fw n.m. palate uvula an eques-
trian disease £l/ijl"la’loo utha'na v.t. raise
(infant’*] uvula i^lJ&rjC’taloo se Zulus

M Utgna v.i. talk incessantly ; chatter t ‘Jiijl!'
tl'ko la’fakna v.i. (of uvula) fall
^ {,** fa'ft N. F. clapping (col. ) key J U ("

. /a'tiyaft n.f. pl. applause ; plandit
Ul’Vitj f’ te’ti (or ta’lijafi) baja'na (or
/*?'*) v.t. & I. clap applaud ; clap

(l>lj OyjUCta liydh baj'ns (or pit’na) v.i.
be applauded be ridiculed with clapping
^ d C'tali ek’ hath! se na'liih baj'll »
do'nofi ha than se baj’li
hai prov. it makes two to make a quarrel

(alt/' n.f. compilation consolation
** winning ovcr\^J>£tJl"tali'f-e qal'b,
tali' f-e quloob ‘ n.f. winning over
ZadH'lali/' ■ kar'na v.t. compile [A —

*tam, ^hl&m'mah adj. full; complete

r 1 '

entire ; whole [A ~ £ u j
r “‘"lam chini n.f. enamel ware

chini n.f. enamel ware; enamel-
•* ' led iron vessels
WIT tarn' jham, cJl/L"

* ' lam' j art n.m. airy

palanquin

ly ^'ta'am'mul n.m. hesitation hitch delay
disinclination careful thought

deliberation meditation C/cH ta'am’mul
kar'na v.i.- hesitate delay consider
deliberate meditate [A~

Jd’C 'tain' lot, lat n.m. tumbler

any drinking vessel [~E corr.J
tan n.f. (in music) keynote tune
palanquin's steel bracing (\jl (j/Clj^Ctan
(or ta'ueh) ura'na v.i. sing strike up

tune(s) (tVt l ty}.) Iz^d^'lan bkar'na (orle'na
or .mar'na) v.i. sing repeat (tune) f
tan' tor'na v.t. wind up a tune end talk
(with) finally come out with the basic point
(at) i tan' -sen n.m. title of a famous

singer great musician
['IJ'ta'na n.m. wrap^t’L I’lls'na ba'na n.m. wrap
and woof [ — 1>* C ] ^

Ij'tatiba n.m. copper 1'j^cllf'TuiH'iati'ba sa

* asman' ho’ns v.t. (of sky) be clear and
hot HjiA jCYtL'H'tafi'be ka tar’ no ho'na ph. be
penniless ; be destitute

£s(Jtarit n.f. gut catgut chord (of
guitar, etc.) isdisC tatit sa adj. very lean
yfl 'laft'll n.f. line or row (of) (dial.)
weaver (fig.) children.

lah’ta n.m. long line mobile crowd
[/ l> flux ( Cu^JjL 1 tak'ta

bahdh’na (or baiidh' ja'na or lag' ja'na) v.i. (of
people) be a flux
iLH'ialw'na v.t. maltreat
be unkind to

J fenace

‘Vtatigah, l^Oah'ga n . m .

tonga ; dog cart

U"

181

Jm

inter-

become a

|*|.M t

[j Hanna v.t. stretch extend expand
poll tight (over) knit (the eyebrow)
tighten be at full length brandish

,/cH tan' kar adj. having stretched
with full force

ta'ne tasKne, ta'’ne..tidfnt n.m.

pl. (col.) taunts [A-cCj^n.f. ★]
tanii' n.f, feminine gender being a
** female

tavan' n.m, damages compensation
indemnity mulet penalty

repar a tion U j ,\) t j a van ' dt'na v.t. make
amends pay a penaltylN^ljl’/arart' laga'na
v.t. 4ine amerce {penalize
jjfy^tsml' n.f. interpretation elucidation
** reinterpretation interpret with

ulterior motives V/fjtjCtadil’ kar'na v.t.
interpret elucidate’ reinterpret
pret with ulterior motives [A]

Jk (,** ta’ah'hul n.m. marriage

family man [A- Jj;(]
i _ 0 S\f*ta"ib n.m. penitent one who is
remorseful [A ~

jl^la’o n.m. heat rage ; passion
twist curl l‘7jUa”o a'na v.i. fly into
a passion ; be enraged / accept a challenge ;
pick up the gauntlet jl“ta"o bi'garna v.i.

loose the opportunity be spoiled in cook-
ing£Ujl"ta”o bW'o adv. very- little C'ljL'yJtC
ta’opat la'o a'na v.i. heat curl (mous-
tache) Cl/j l“(a”o kks'ns, (f ( jtjtia' , o men a’na
v.i. be enraged ; be angry fly into a
passion

f'jC'ta'o n.m. (dial.) uncle ; father's elder
brother [~ U“]

\)j> t**la”o/a adj. & n.m. hasty (person)

ta'id’ N support corroboration
” aid ; assistance seconding ; sponsoring
being seconded ; being sponsored "Sts
ta’id' -kar' dah adj. seconded by ; sponsored by
V/j£V‘ta id' kar'na v.T. support cor-,
roborate confirm second sponsor f'UCpt’"
ta’i'd-t kalam' n.f. suppon of sutement

[A->J , ..

1 1** ta'ya n.m. uncle ; father's elder brother
** ia*'i n.f. wife of father’s elder brother
tab adv. then ; at that time ; afterwards
* A tab’ Hi adv. & conj. yet ; still ;
even then notwithstanding ; nevertheless ;
nonetheless UlL ?tab' tak adv. & conj, till
then up to that time }\stab’ to adv. &

CONJ. then in that case ; in that instance
l J^tab’ se adv. & conj. since then
thereafter ; thence tfJ'lab’ hi, jC ta’bbi adv.

at that very moment ; exactly then, for
that very reason Jtf^tab’ hi to, J Jf la Ida to
adv. for that very reason Roving to the very
fact lab" hi se,^£-jf la'bki se adv,
thence; thenceforth from that very moment
^ytab n.f. (rare) (same as w-^n.f. if)

ta'b-o-tsb' n.f. guts heat labour

[P]^

^Jj^laba'dul n.m. (ped.) exchange [A ~ -*>)

Jj&’tabdd lah (pseudo-ped. taba'dUlah ) N.M.

* transfer exchange L'/^vyrJjtftabsd'la-e
khayalat' kar'na v.t. exchange views
have a chat [~A Jtif]

jtftabsr' n.m. family dynasty [A)

ffj^'liba'rah adv. third time thric<

* [~^-fP4]

labs' rak adj. (of God) hallowed; glorified
(j U* if tabs’ rak{a)-va-la‘als int. hojlow-
cd and magnified (be His name) [A~

S'? libs’ si adj. three days’ stale

tobaMr" n.f. medical sugar found

** * between bamboo joints
g [ftabah" adj. ruined destroyed
wasted spoiled wretched I'/tO'tabah'
kar'na v.t. waste squander ruin U

tab uk' ho na v.i. be wasted be squandered
be ruined J U? ^tabah'-hnl adj. ruined
reduced to straits poverty striken miser-
able if 0 tabs' hi n.f. ruin destruction
perdition wreck misery ['T (fid' tabs' hi n'n a

v.i. be ruined be wrecked l/i tabs' hi

ka mars adj. wretched afflicted ruin-
ed I'iJ if, 17 tabs' ht Is' ns v.t. ruin destroy

m.. '

tabs' yUn n.m. difference [A ~ jtbaiii]

# # M

J \y tab-khs' lah n.m. eruptions on mouth
comers (as aftermath) of fever fP~

tabakktut n.m. swagger [A]

« *»

ij tabkkttf N.F. evaporation vapo-
risation heart bum low fevf-

temperature (A

(Jy^tabad'dul n.m. (lit.) change ; alteration
(usu. in) J^i^lafhay'yar-o tabad’dul ph.

changes reshuffling [A ~ J>]
iJfjjtah&il' n.f, change ; alteration
" modification (Xv tabdil' shu'dah adj.

changed transferred ij$j ^J^iabdl'l-e a'b-o

bans' n.f. change of climate l '/ tabdil
. kar’ns v . t . transfer change; alter
tabdiV hons. v.i, be transferred change ;
alter l'/*Z+ > !'(}j£<tabdi'l~chai' , al kar'na v . t .
disguise change the aspect metamorphose

( j jSflabdi'ti n.f. transfer changing
** alteration V/fij&tabdi'li kar'na v . t .
transfer change" alter i'mjPj&tabdi'li ha'ns
v.u be transferred be changed ; be
altered [~A

jX> tabzir 1 n.f. extravagance [A~ j-i]

»• •

yX* la’ bar n.m. hatchet axe t lj/i‘ta'bar-zan

n . m . wood-cutter [P]

\Ju tabar’ra n.m. curse malediction
expression of disapproval abuse; abusive
language ; fulmination ; invective! V/p)
tabar'ra bhtj’r.a (or kar'na) v . t . express dis-
approval curse fulminate inveigh
ta'har'ra'’ l n.m. member of a seat expressing
disapproval of (or fulminating) against first
orthodox Caliphs [A ~

tu'bar'ruj n.m. (of woman) make a show
of her make-up, etc. ; move about en-
ticingly {A]

^Vtabar'ruk r:,M. left over food or other
giftfrom a saint or shine gift bene-
diction l/yftabar’rukan adv. as a gift; as a
present for receiving benediction &\fe'tabar'-
riiktil' n.m. pl. such gifts relics [A ~oCi\
jb Jr tab' rid n.f. cooling dose taken after
* ^.purgative (fig.) cooling down [A

tabus' sum n.m. smile H/fr tubas' sum kar'na
1 v.i. smile [A]

tab'suah n.m. review criticism

(a -a]

^ lab' 1 n . m . follower ( ! /*.lg‘tab , ‘-e tablin'
n.m. follower of the - successors to the
Holy Prophet’s Companions (usu. as the third
link in chain of tradition narrators) [A]

tabllfh' n.f. preaching missionary
*' work pro&lytism spread or propa-
gation (of vitv/s)£Sluljgft'tabli'gb-o isha'‘at
n.f. propagation (of faith, view, etc.) [A

(rare X’tab) n . f . fcver(ytV<^ , ta/>' utsr'na
** v . t . reduce temi>erature ; cure of fever
i'jiXtap' u' tarns v.i. be cured of fever

tap' dkarhnu v.t. have fever ^‘ta’p* di<f
n.f. consumption ; pulmonary tuberculosis
L/Ji-x' ta'p-e zard' n.f. yellow feveriUtxyi^
tap kn moof ja’na v.i. having after-fever erup-
tion on comers of mouth VjXfta'p-* lar'zah
n.f. malaria agu k ji/j? ta'p-e motf'riqah
n.f. typhoid CfjXta'p-e nod bat n.f. (ped.)
intermittent fever [P]

^jiutapak. n.m. ardour ; warmth ; zeal
’• cordiality regard ; esteem [P]
tJV’tapah adj. agitated resdess ; uneasy
•' hot[P]

taps' na v . t . heat cause to glow
y •* ^test (metal) [ ~ C^caus.]

L? tipa” I n.f. trivet tripod teapoy ;
v small table low stool (dial.) [^threc

+P ]

bp" tap’ par n.m. (dial ) matting mat seat

..

^ tafias’ siva n.f. (dial.) prayer [S]

. (ort/v*" ) la' pish n.f. heat au’our

^ uneasiness grief [P]

[X tap'na v.i. become hot glow burn
V with grief

> (or tapabfhah n.m. pistol re-

♦»* * volver [P]

tjjftapidah adj. glowing restless [P-cU-JJ

M V

Q'tat'ta adj. (rare) hot warm ; tepid
*# *♦

totab'bo ‘ n.m. following toeing the
. Ijpe following in (someone’s) footsteps
& latab’bo' kar’na v.t. following toe
the line fellow in (someone’s) footsteps

tit' tar bit' tar adj. dispersed scatter-
* ed ; lying here and there l‘j7jis'tit'tar
bit' tar ho'na v.t. be dispersed be seat-
ed

^ytu'tUq n.m. (lit.) tent its curtains
tn'tuq-e ni'tl n.m. the heavens ; sky

WU

I'jytatla'na v.i. lisp

(p**tit'n, tsptfit'n n.f.

butterfly sportive^^^^IrtjW Q /fa)
beauty ; painted doll
\Jj? titam'ba n.m. (W. dial)

* „ fix dispute

jj? talim'mah n.m. supplement appendix
post-script [A-z^i

i • / /j/y tat' too tiam'boo kar’na v.t. delay
• • console

I »* ft

183 /

j *L

1 l‘***

\yy J tateh'r a n.m. (f /S tateh'ri n.f water-
heater

^Jttato/ya n.f. red and yellow wasp adj.

** dever sharp pungent
J*jJ2tas'tis n.f. Trinity ; triple godhead
** of Pauline Christianity trine ; aspect
of two planets 120 apart division into three

^frtas'niyah n.m. dual form ; dual [A

£ taj n.f. (bark of) bay-tree cinnamon

cassia

tajs'zub n.m. attraction gravita-

* * tion [A~ w^f]

JVT tajjnr' n.m. merchants ; traders

business community j&ldfima'lik-ul-

tujjzr' n.m. business magnate* ; tycoon [A-

SINO./t]

tajaOiib n.m. pl. experiences ex-

* * t periments [A - sing.

£/j\^ tija'tat n.f. trade ; commerce

* traffic business t/'/ci'jtf tijs’rat kar'na
v.t, deal (in) trade ; traffic business
tfojl/'jijarat-gah n.f. market business
centre (tp? tija'rall adj. commercial
mercantile business tjhr^jl/’tija'ratl ids' rah
N.m. ^business firm commercial firm
Jbj&'tj jytija rati khutool' par adv. on busi-
ness lines s' rat-e kha'rijah n.f. foreign
trade [A]

toja'vUz n.m. transgression devi-
* ation exceeding (one’s limits, etc.)
l‘Jjjti?taja’vUz kar'na v.i. transgress
deviate exceed (one’s limits) [A]

taja'hZl . n.m. feigned ignorance

indifference; apathy taja'hul-e
‘arifa'nah n.m. feigned ignorance [A~czll%\
tajad'dad n.m. freshness novelty [A]

V taj did’ n.f. renewal revival (A

y C taj'ribah N.M. experience experiment
*' * j taj'riba-kar- (or. -be) adj. ex-
perienced skilful ; expert conversant
(with) veteran Jjld^taj'riba-ka'ti n.f.
experience practical knowledge ; know-how
being conversant with l ^ taj-ribah kar'na
v.t. experience experiment try
tal'kh taj’ribah n.m. bitter experience
taj' riba l' n.m. pl. experiences wide ex-

perience experiments “(jly? tajriba'ti adj.
experimental [A]

j / lajar'mi n.m. celibacy unmarried
'^Vstate (ped.) solitude [A]

taj' fid' n.f. abstraction solitude
separation restriction to single
meaning (as figure of speech) tfjfitajrVA adj.
abstract (art, idea, etc ) (fjyttyyftajrt'dl
mUsqv'virl n.f. abstract art [A] ..

V */> taj'ziyah n.m. _ . (rare (fjfi tajaz'zi N .P.)
*''* analysis^^j!' fji^na/'siyya'tl iaj'ziyah n.m.
psychological analysis jij? taj ziya'ti adj.
analytical [A~SJf]

tajas’s&s n.m. curiosity inquisitive*

V * ness prying in piiry ; diligent’ ;
search tajas'sSs kar'na v.T. explore

be inquisition ; pry into show curiosity

[A ■?</*<']

tajas'siim n.m. incarnation ; embodiment

I y l A ~ •?

A? tajal'h (pseudo ped. tajal'la) n.f.

* * manifested on brilliance ; refulgence
splendour i/fj? tajal'ii bakh’rft, ‘jytf tajaVll'-
rez adj. refulgent splendid* making
(onjself) manifest [A ~ ijf]
jjj? tajlid' n.f. flaying binding (of book)

[A~>1

, Lf tajam'mul n .m. magnificence pomp
* and show decoration adornment

(j taj' na v.t. renounce abandon

tajrns' n.f. alliteration pun
w' * equivocation use of similarly spejt
cr sounded words (as a literary device)

tajnl's-e tarn' n.f. (use of) heteronyms (jft/ff'
lajms-e khat’tl n.f. (use of) pair of words
writtenalike but with different vowel-points
Ujj^taj'ni's-e za’id n.f. (use of) two words
which are alike otherwise t but one of which
has an extra letter^^t/^ taj'ni's-t qal'b n.f.
(use of) pair of words spelt in exactly the
opposite ways i~ytfjytajm's~emurak'kab n.f.
(use of) pair of words one of which forms pert
of another j*l,’(/*?tajnl's-e na'qis n.f. (use of)
pair of words whpse initial letters only are
different tajni's-e muz'davj N.F. (use

of) pair of synonymous words one of which is
simple and other compound [A
J* / tajvid' n.f. phonetics declamation
** J recitation of the Holy Quran [A ~
taj' viz' N.f. suggestion proposal

•* motion plan ; Lcheme prescription
(Of medicines) consideration Vf'j£t*jr&z

184

on the back j 1 / tahrir' kar'na v.t.

• •*', * '

write ; reduce to writing put in black and
white give in writing compile compose
record (rare) free (slave)
ho'na v.i. be written be recorded ifjf
tahri'ri adj. documentary in writing ;
written [A]

( tahns' n.f. temptation instigation

tjP Jr tahriz' n.f. incitement [A]

** 1 /

lahnf n.f. distortion (of meaning) tam-
** / pering (with text) [A
lm J{ l £ taihnk' (or taih-) N.-f. movements

agitation motion incitement

urging encouragement tahrik ckala na

v.t . launch a movement iy Zjdjf 1 tahrik'kar'ns
v.T. urge move incite
tahrik’ pesh kar'na v.i. put for.th or, bring for-
ward or move a motion tV tJfuC. / tahrik' pesh
ho'na v.i. (of motion) be moved ?

tahrik' manzoor' kar'na v.t. adopt a resolution ;
accept a motion tahrik' numzoor’

ho’nav.i. (of motion) be carried [A ~

J Z tahrim n.f. glorification ; honour
['*-* prohibition assumption of a

pilgrim's garb tahri'mah adj. forbidding
othe^things than prayer [A~t^p J \
rL^tahsin' (or taih-) n.f. appreciation
approbation acclamation

tahsin" kar’na v.t. praise approve”
appreciate applaud acclaim [A~tf^]
lahshiyah n.m. annotation

tahsii n.f. administrative division

in district its headquarters
(revenue) collection acquisition attain-
ment learn ing^ri-^Ta^tt ’l-e fa'sil n.f.
superfluous attempt tahsii -dar n.m.
Tehsildar ; revenue and administrative official
incharge of tehsilj’/jrf^tahsil'-dan n.f. office
of Tehsildar^/ n.f. pl. (old use)
collections acquisitions education
tahsii 1 kar'na v.t. acquire .Receive
education collect (revenue)^/ Ijj) tarsi' l-e

mal-guza'ri n.f. revenue collection of revenue

[A-J^l

tahaffuz n.m. safeguard preserva-
tion conservation ZP ti^tahaffuzai

n.m. pl. safeguards jCtl i^tafiaffuz-e asmar'
n.m. fruit preservation tf i IJt&i ta^aj'/uze ars
n.m. soil conservation j &&taha, j nr

kar'na v.i. suggest propose move
plan write out a prescription ; prescribe
I’jf J/. tajviz" ho'na v.i. be proposed be
moved be planned (of medicine) be
prescribed '//.Jfzir-t tajvtz' adv. proposed
.under consideration

Jtuji pron. you th ec Ofaf tuj' he, f j.

tiijk, ko , tuj'ko pron. (accusative)

you ^ thee if)irJ , j//tujk' ko

para't kva pa'ri ap'ni naber' too pr'ov. mind
your own business ; do not poke your nose
into the ,aflairs of others physician cure
thyself jf tujhi pron. you alone ; thee alone
ryf tajhlz n.f. taking out of funeral pro-
*' cession jir. >jJf tajhi ' z-o tak'fin n.f.
obsequies ; funeral rites and ceremonies

[A~;wr]

t aha" if n.m. (pl. of

tah't (or taih't) n.m. subjection sub-
ordination charge ; control adv.
subordinate (to) under control (of) below

beneath

inferior (to) pref. infra

undertf jl'sS'tah' t-us-sar a’ n.f. nether regions
adv. deep down in earth Lp^tah't-ash-shu‘oor
n.m. subconscious (mind)

lalft-ul-lafz adj. (of translation) literal
(of its printing) interlinear ’ (of verse) recita-
tion (without singing) Ur^J^fS^iah't-ul-U^'z
park.' na v.t. recite (without) singing!
taih't men ana v.i. come under the control (of)
j i? tamtam adj. (letter of alphabet) having
dots underneath ; downdotted [A]

tahaj' jut n.m. fossilization [A~yf ]

^j/ldhad'dx n.f. challenge [A]

^ryj/tahdis' n.f. narration ; recounting [A
** U

jijf tah'did n.f. restriction limitation

" .. [A ~

tah'zir' n.f.

** .. IA~v>1

j & tahrir' n.f.

**' of) writing

document undertaking manumission

line like stain jof antimony) (old use)

. Euclid’s elements I tahri'ran adv. (rare) in
writing ; written J^jjf^tahri'r-e uqlidis n.f.
Euclid’s elements bain-iis-sutoor

Mbit n.f. writing between the lines
tahri'r-r zah'rl n.f. endorsement writing

threatening cautioning

(act of) writing (piece
manuscript composition

185

shikft'r-o ash jar' n.m. preservation of fauna
and flora [A

toh'fah n.m. , t gift : present rarity
£*) taps" if, ^to'haf n.m. pl. gifts ;
presjnts rarities curious [A]
j*j&tahaq'quq n.m. ascertainment [A

tahqlr' n.f. contempt ; scorn ; disdain

\^[A~^]

ta/iqiq' (or taih-) n.f. research
inquiry investigation ascertainment
vjrification adv. verily ; truly indeed
tahqt'qi^ adj. research verified
authentic a &‘?tahqlqat' n.f. investigation
inquiry research [A ~c£j?\
tahak'kum n.m. imperiousness
| domination C&J? tahak'kum jat a' na v.t.
act imperiowly(jl Jj&rtahakkum-pasat.d(a'nak)
adj .Jl adv. imperious [A -
tahkim' n.f. arbitration
P* y

. tahlif n.f. administration of oath

taj^lll' n.f. analysis dissolving
" legalization v/i^fiahW. kar'ns. v.t.
dissolve assimilate analyse (T^tahlU-t
naf'si n.f. psychological analysis IjfjJjS tahlil
ho' ns v.i. be dissolved ta/fli'li adj, analytical
&Lty?tahli 'll-o na/siyyai' n.f. psycho-ana-
lysjs (A~th

/ if taham'mul n.m. toleration ; forbearance
** patience ; endurance Ijiy' taham'mul
kar'ns v.t. forbear tolerate; bear endure

, / tahmid' n.f. praise of God [A ~J?\

\ y tahvil' n.f. (Math.) reduction
•• passage of heavenly body (from one sign
of zodiac to another) trust ; charge
custody Uv UtO'f tahnl' tnth dt na v.t. pluck
in custody of HJ ^i}/takal' tneh fr'na v.t.
take custody of take hold of lahvi'l-t

tasar'ruf njs. (atch.) misappropriation ; em-
bezzlement ; defalcation jlJ'j? tahnl' -dsr n.M.
(old use) trustee treasurer [A —JlP’ ]

tafyay'yir n.m. wonder astonishment

amazement [A

Js talfiy'yah n.m, {pL.&l/tahiyyst') salutation

2

ytakha Ivf n.m. mutual opposition ;

< [A]

. .ytakna tvj w.iw.

contention |A ~
•stakh't n.m

throne wooden bed
£#& yifkh’tbakh't n.m. (as blessing)

throne and fortune wedlock and wealth
t*l takh't par biths'ns v.t. be enthron-
ed become a king L'tsf&ftakh' tchhor'na
v.i. abdicate takkt-f ravSh' n ; m.

mobile throne flying^edany/kfi^'" ( akh't-g^

sulaiman' n.m. flying sedan of Solomonlyi/**^
takh't se Star' na v.t. dethrone^^^ lakh'l-e
ta'oos' n.m. the Peacock Throne^] (fey takh't
ki rnt n.f. wedding night tlfe&lakWt-gah n.m.
capital seat of government takh’l-

nashifi ho'na v.i. ^ a.sfend the throne
assume royal powers lakh' t-nashj'nl n.f

accession to the throne coronation
•^/l&S'takh't ya takh'tah prov do or die
reign or ruin [P]

••2 takh'tah n.m. plank ; a board sign.
^ sign-board (ships) deck drawbridge
(flower) bed £5 1 •£/ takh'tah v'latna v.t.
overthrow (government) ruin , destroy^
Jj/J'takh'ta-e bar'qi n.m. switch-board
takh'ta bafi’di n.f. arrangement of flowers

bed wainscot takWta bafnk kar’ns

v.t. arrange flower beds
plank takh'ta pul n.m. draw-
bridgcOjpX?takh'ta-e tsboot' n.m.

bier hearse>L^y takh'tah
siyah' n.m. blackboard

takh'ta-e mash'q n.m. tablet
victim jj-jFtakh'ta-e nar'd n.m. backgammon
i'\fjfJf’taWtah ho ja>a v.t. (of
body) become stiff takh’ti n.f.

tablet small board [P]

^•2 takh'rijah n.m. chronogram-writing ;

♦' recording of date in chronogram form

[A~£>]

takhrib' n.f. destruction subver-
sion^ (fLy’takhri'bi adj. destructive
dVijt/jptakhri'bl karroos" iysh n.f. sabouge

[A-^!/l

takhash'shQ‘ n.m. (lit.) humility [A

takhsis' n.f. specialization

peculiarity ; singularity [A ~t/&]

" takh'fif' n.f. -retrenchment reduc-
tion ; decrease alleviation ; mitiga-
tion cut curtailment remission

commutation £*Sc»?takhfif-t-qlmaL n.f.
devaluation pricecut ; reduction in price
v/jjjftakKJij kar'ns v.t. retrench

decrease ..reduce curtail mitigate

p-IleviatetVt^ 1 -®?^ takhfif.' nut ta'na v.t. re-
trencjj (person) abolish (post) [A~t^*]

. jpAS takhal'lus n m. (poet’s) pen-name ,
‘nom de plume’ (rare) deviation (in
ode frpm introduction to theme) [ V]

0& takhal 'la/ s m. being left behind
» g°*ng back on one’s words (A ~£t&\
takh'liyah n.m. privacy private

meeting [A ~

saturated to form part of cold drink
tiikh'm-e bad', r’ly/tukh'm-t haram! adj. bastard
yi lukfi'm tasir' soh'bat ka a'sar

prov. heredityjmd environment go to make
the man (Jlf/'ftukh’ m-e raihan' n.m. purslane
/ 'Jj Y f tukh' m-re' zi n.f. sowing ; broadcasting
O&Ct '/ tukh' m-t-katan' n.m. linseed [P]
tikh'moh n.m. gastro-enteritis fA]

- takhnir' n.f. fermentation; leavening

ji f takhmiri n.m. estimate guess
** zan'n-o takhmin' n.m. mere guess
guess fork conjecture \'^ > takhmi'nan adj.

about ; approximately^.^? takhrm'nah n.m.
guess ; conjecture evaluation appraisal

[A] ••

L -l ) ^ takhvif' n.f. intimidation *

" takhvi'f-e mujrima nah n.f. criminal
intimidation [A

Ly takhay'yul n.m. imagination; fancy
hlea ; thought of imagery
suspicion ^l^ftakhayyuiat' n.m. pl. idea ;
thoughts flights of fancy [A~Jl>]
tm Jjlj£‘tada'ruk n.m. amends remedy

reparation precaution safeguards
redress readiness I'/Lfjl/’tada'ruk kar'na

v.t. remedy redress providfc,against
safeguard be prepared for t yJj[i‘tada'-
ruk ho'na v.t. be remedied be redressed

[Aj.

tadab'bur n.m. statesmanship prudence
deliberation JJi jjPfhau'r-o-tadab'bur
n.m. careful thought [A}
yfjt'tadbir' n.f. (pl. yiUtadabir') policy

** device ; contrivance advice ; council
arrangement course of action ; way out
plan &r&%fc£tadhi'r-t sal'tanat n.f. (arch.)
managementof st^te affairs ; politics 'dsfcM
tadbt'r-e man'zil n.f. domestic economy js\i/(£

tadbi'r-e Ja rid v.t. plot vicious plan [A]
jjjtadar'v n.m. cock pheasant [P]

tadrij' n.f. gradation regular step

** (rare) scale ^ti/ba-tadrij' adv.

gradually ; by degrees ; step by step
[T*j£ tadris' n.f. instruction teaching

lectures (on ) tfjXtadrl'si adj. teach-

ing^ instructional [A

tad/in' n.f. buriai; interment [A ~ (Ji)

yjftadqiq' n.f. close or minute study
" going jnto minutia (rare) pulveriza-

tion [A -

MijStadnn' n.f. compilation editing

" [A ~ d>y/]

{yjr triday'yun n.m. religiousness prudery

*•

• *• ,

i — tazab zub n.m. vacillation waver-

^ ing suspense

Jv Jr tazkar' n.m. account narrative

9yja taz'kirah n.m. mention memoir
biography collection, of biographical
nojes (on poets, etc.) [A ~ ji]
yj/i tazkir' n.f. admonition helping

to recall refreshing the memory

in t g

JVjh tazkar

editing

prudery

waver-

narrative

nojes (on poets, etc.) \A~ Ji]
yJji tazkir' n.f. admonition helping
to recall refreshing the memory
[A-/i]

/Pyt tazal'iul n.m. humiliation ; humiliating
one seif [A~£Ji\

y tar adj. wet, moist ; damp saturated

fresh refreshed green ; lush j juicy
y*‘y tar’ ba-tar' adj. shaked drenched
quite wet (of food) rich with much butter
Oil in it tar-da' man adj. sinful •

guilty immoral tar-da' mani n.f.
sinfulness guilt immorality i /jin' kar'na
v.t. soak saturate Jrjtar' luq'mah, Jlv 5
tar' mal, Jlj /tar niva'lah N.M. morsel of rich
food (fig-) good catch adj, easy work
godsend tjVj/ta'r-o ta'zah adj. fresh and
mellow (JJ ta'r\ n.f. moisture wetness
ocean hydrosphere [P]

^ tar suf. (indicating comparative degree)
more ; greater ; -er (PJ

tUrab' n.m. earth dust soil*.'!//!

* a' boo turab' n.m. (Ke underyiN.M. ir)$W

tum'H adj. earthen [A]

188

J2

tarji" n.f. repetition of formula ‘in'na

lillah’ at news of someone’s death
return of heavenly body to previous position
(of singer or bird) lapse into earlier tune ;
remodulation return J%tfZ/tarjV'-batid' n.m.
stanzas with same refrain f A ~ (/AA
\f2 tir'Ma adj. (f . (ft? tir'(hhi) slanting
* awry ; oblique crosswise ; crossways
askance tit' (hka dekh'rm / v.i ;>

squint ; look 1, askance Ua£»z£<>

tir'd&l na'zar (or nig&h') u dekk'na v.t. frown ;
scowl ; glower (i (pjrjjptffi/tir'dtfiJ na’zar (or
nigah!) n.f. ogle leer

(fj? tar ah' hum n.m. mercy kindness
' pity ; compassion
na'zar-t tar ah' hath dal'na (or se dekh'rm) v.t.
have pity (on) shpw mercy (to) be com-
passionate (A ~ fA

tarTchim’ n.f. (gram.) apocope
I** curtailment [A3

i)J lor ad' dud n.m. hesitation wavering;

vacillation suspense anxiety ; worry
delay {A ~ )j]

Jt >J tar did' n.f. contradiction ; refutation;

repudiation rebuttal venial

tar did' kar'na v.t. contradict ; confute ;
refute ; repudiate relent deny Vj/fjrsj
tardtd’ ho'na v.i. be contradicted be

rebutted be denied [A ~ »S]

ta'rassnav. i. desire anxiously long

for (f/ta'ras n.m. pity ; compassion
tnercyfif l)Cff/ta’ras 3 na (or khs'tia ) v.i. ^
pity give way to compassion Or/L'lL'}'
tarsa' tarsa' kar de'na v.t. tantalize dole
out insufficient amounts l"U/ tar Sana v.
tantalize cause to long for
12 tarsa’ n.m. monk magus; fire-
worshipper Christian suf. terrifying

threatening ; menacing [P]

^fjtdras n.m. fear terror cowardice

timidity (jLt/iar'saft adj. fearful ;

afraid timid uJCvta rasnnk adj. terrify-
ing ; horrible (rare) terrified >

£**2 tarisapi adj. & n.m. (same as adj.
& n.m. ■*)

tarisod' n.m. trident [S]

ft/ tar soft, alar’ soft n.m. & adv. second

day after tomorrow or before yesterday
■^/tor'll/' n.f. despatch transmission
remittance f/lf } sho''ba-c larsil' n.m.
despatch section [A] “

&

»V

'sh adj. sour acid cross ; craD-
bed acrid ; surly Jjfstsrsh'roo adj.
peevish cross ; crabbed surly; acrid
tir sh-roa"i n.f. peevishness surliness
£7 ?J 1 /tUr’sh-mizaj' adj. peevish cross ;

— - turn^s

late shah. n.m. acid (f'J'tur’shi n.f.

sgirness acidity [P]

^ J iarash’rhoh n.m. drizzle sprinkling

tarash’ shoh kar'na v.t. sprinkle

water over b'jfgjtarash'&hoh ho'na v.t. drizzle
[A]

{^fyta'rashna be cut be clipped

+0 If ♦» **

s^ylur'shak, if Jtur'shi n.f. - (see under (f/
JtDj. ★)

jyfj taras'siid n.m. (lit.) ambush hope
expectation [A ~

tarsi 1 ' n.f. setting (jewels) ; studding
with (jewels) adornment ; bedecking
setting out one phrase against another in cor-
responding rhymes composing (lovely poem)

[A]...

targhib' n.f. inducement mcite-
* ** ment persuasion temptation
reduction OjuP/targhib' de'na v.t. induce
incite " persuade tempt seduce ;
(fyet targhi’b-o tahris' n.f. temptation
(P/j^Jlarghi'b -o-lahriz' n.f. inducement

taraq'rfl n.f. progress ; advancement
improvement development pro-
motion preferment „ proficiency in-
crease ; enhancement bjfijtaraq'qi de'na v.t.

develop promote give or allow incre-
menf P Oil (}j inraq'qt pa'na (or mil'na
or ha'sil kar'na) v.i. develop be promo-
ted get increment \?J$Staraq'qi kar'na v.L
advance : develop [A] V

jpy lurqxm n.f. writing out figtircs [A

^2 tur'k n.m. Turk (fig.) sweetheart ;

beloved jffititrk-laz n.f. plunder
spoilage depredation inroad ; incursion

m,.

lar’k n.m. giving up quitting
rclinguishiiig abdication desertion
breaking (a habit) forsaking dropping
(mission) desisting i'7 tar k kar na
quit relinotiish ; forsake desist from

leave out ; drop ; suit Jy'tar' k-e va'tan n.m.
emigration I'/lfiJ/'tar'k-t va'tan kar’na V.i.
emigrate go into exile [A]

tnrki'rl n,f. vegetable , green (esculent)
^ vegetables [P-^

jUJ turk'taz n.f. sec under * Jjtur'k n.m. -fc)

-kash (ped. lir -) n.m. quiver

J thr'kaman n.m. Turcoman
j Turkoman [P]

Sj tar' ham tar’ka n.m. estrange-
A ment[A- J>7\

J y tar’kah n.m, legacy bequest estate
(of deceased person inheritance
tar kah bi-la vasiy'yat n.m. intestate property
[A~ Jp-l

J ytur'ki n.m. Turkish (language) (also
turkiy'yah) Turkey bravery adj.
Turkish tir'ki ba tiir'lcl javab'

dt'na v.t. pay in the same coin ; give tit for
tat LjffQ jstHr'ki tomam' ho’tta v.i. be all
over (with) have courage spent up [T]

(*!■.«/, S»ram analysis
' composition mixture structure
construction formation mode
method ; plan I’l* uA/tarkU' bata'na n.f. sug-
gest plan or way* as tarUb'batid' n.m.
stanza ending with couplet tarklb' dt’na

v.t. compose prepare (mixture) ; mix
join form Ck te^JjUnkb' se thfll'na
v.i. work methodically vfkgiJ/tarHb' kor’na
v.t. analyte devise'; plan ; scheme
kt,' tt tarkib' st adv. somehow or
other by hook or by crook ypytark i to adj.
component ; constituent composed
'ana'sir-e larks' t$ n.m. pl. component parts;
constituents elements going into the forma-

,y*y tir'mira n.m. (floating) speck ocular
speck or spectrum (caused by virtigo,

etc.)

j? tarmtm' n.f. amendment modifka-.

J** tkm change improvements fj&Sj

rmlm'-shU'dah adj. amended modified
changed improved i*Xff/(^.(uidt) tarnum'
kar'na v.t. amend modify change
improve Vj?/fs(ify{mth) toma;n‘ ho' rid v.i.
be amended be modified be changed

> ..

7.J turafij n.m. grape-fruit citron
embroidered pattern like betel-leaf
turavj'bin n.m. Persian manna ; lime juice
cordial prepared in honey [P]
imX'J taraiig n.f. caprice , whim fancy
inebriation whizz tinkle
rattle Jytaraft'gi adj. capricious whimsjeal
tfjy tirafi'ga adj. tricoloured

V « ,

r J tar an nQm n.m. singing modulation
* taran'nhm se adv. singing (and hot

just reciting [A]

^ . *T . i :* .. _ . i . .

be amended be modified
be improved [A -

v.t. become current come into vogue
[A~ Q/bJ]

y turai"i n.f. kind of cucumber (also
tur'fil) trumpet J^^(j7tUrai"l ka pfurol*
v.t. beedy eyes
y ta'rl n.f. (see under j-f r)

iy tir'ya n.f. (ped & dial, tri'ya) wonian
(jJf, } t )Jf^Jtir‘ya dtaril'r (or cfialit ta"
n.m. (usu. pl.’J women’s wiles or guiles; fein?,f.
cunning^ lytir'ya'-hat n.f. female obstinacy

(jly tir'yclq' n.m. antidote (usu. Jt/
** tiryakf opium (i^/tirya'ki n.m. opium
eater adj . addict [A ~ P]

tire’ pan adj. & n.m. fifty-three
’ tire' panvan fifty-third '

\kjj tare' r a n.m. spurt (of usu. hot water) ;
” get fomentation with spurt (of hot
water) Isj I^Jiare'ra de'na v.t. foment with a
spurt (of hot water)

tarlz' n.f. gusset ; transverse piece in shirt,
'* etc. [P]

lire' sa ft, jr'j tiri'sath. adj. sixty-three
„ jlt&j'tire'saik’vab adj. sixty-third
fjjj hirin', 4 fytarih' suf. (denoting superlative
" degrec)‘most ; greatest ; est [P]

V tar n.f. sound of slapping, etc. ; whack
Wtar' tar n.f. crack adv. quickly eJjtter'
se adv. with a whack ^l^ta’ratar' adv with
continuous whftcks

taraq', JlAtarak n.m whack crack
crash J ftihPiaraq' paraq, J^j'^Utralf
parak' adv. insolently timidly
arrogantly naught il y^J^taraq' se adv.

witli a whack with a crash quickly
pat

190

flaraqa, l/ljttara'ka n.m. whack crack
' crash snap smack sound of
smoking hookah drought starvation
tors' qa bit'na v.i. have to starve^
tora'qe ka (or kl) t (J)ifjy^‘tara'ke ka (or ki)
adj. bitter (cold) scorching (heat)

severe intense unbearable

I’l^/tUra'na, L’b^turva'na v. break; break

, M loose from change (money) [~ t'^VcAUs.]
t> ^ to'rafma v.i. be uneasy ; be restless
roll or toss about restlessly write ;

wriggle flutte flounce be doing for

thirst (after) ; be anxious or eager (for)
suffer for unrequited lo vn^^ta'rap n.f.
restlessness uneasiness great eagerness
(lor) suffering in unrequited love passion

(for) pain lossing flash fury

tarpa'na v.T. make uneasy made restless

cause to flutter cause to suffer from un-
requited love tfitar' par b J k 7tar tar adv.
(reply) quickly (reply) with audacity
ta'rakfrna, iStTta'raqna v.i. crack

split snap burst (ono.J
Urt'ka,)j*j\jj}jvM' ka tar'ka n.m. dawn,
day break A-i/‘tar'ke,jC&Cj}nooT' kt tarke
adv. at dawn ; at daybreak ; in the early
morning Ijflffiar'ka ho'na v.i. (of day)

break be rained be beaten suffer from
vertigo

(tty to'ri n.f. beating deceit- loss

Jyn

tu'zuk (col. tutk) n.m. jximp and show
diary memoirs {&'liSytitt!k~o thti-
jtnf n.m. pomp and show [TJ
/ ^iy’taz.'kijah n.m. purification ; catharsis
** tK'kij/a* naf's n.m. purification of

mind [A~ /;]

tozal'iul n.m. earthquake com.
motion trepidation (at death, etc.)

IA~ #»)

fajy tamf n.f. marrying , taking a wife
** „ coupling [A ~ 5')]

Jf'J tae'sfr* n.f. bamboozling ; fraud decep-
** tion/j?~(*b dam* ta&lr' n.m. fraudulent
«f*p[A~*J] , m

Uuyfn', taz'ln' N.r. make-up
decoration ornament [A
yrtif nmi.jjr'tii' Par ADV. par

Wi nt. (same as underi/i

wa»j. ♦)

JiP tisalah adj. three-year-old triennial

liC+Fdh']

^J^Jtasa'moh n.m. pardon ; forgiveness ;
indulgence connivance mistake
tasamohat' n.m. pl. mistakes [A~*£* r lr / ]

. \f ^Jtasa'hul n.m. carelessness negligence
■ laziness ; tardiness b‘/<X&tasa’h9l
kar'na v.i. show carelessness neglect
be Jazy be tardy

f*?* tasbil}' n.f. rosary chaplet glorifi-
*** cation of God sanctification of God
(by saying ‘Subhan Allah’) (%}.■>&$£?
tasbil}' park'na (or pkir'na) v.t. tell ones t>eads
[A]y

fy taskhir' n.f. control subjugation
** capture captivation control oyer
some (evil) spirit spiritualism 'v‘J*AT
taskhi' r-e-qUloob' n.f. winning over of
people captivation of hearts [A]

UJtasdr' n.f. writing ; scribbling [A~>k>l

taskin' (lit. zteojirtas'kAli) n.f. conso-
” lation, comfort ; soothing appease-
ment ; pacification mitigatkm assuaging
rest tranquillity tffyP' taskin' -bakh'A
adj. ^soothing allaying consolatory
taskin' de'na v.t. 1 soothe console;
solace - t comfort; appease calm ; tran-
quilllize fytjft&task'ln' ho'na v.i. be sooth-
ed be consoled ; be sojaced be appeas-
ed , be pacified [A - Jjr'\ ,
litas' la n.m. trough
..

^yk^tasal’sil n.m. continuity aequence
association (of ideas) [A~*l—

Jtasal'lut n.m. sway ; domination [A]

00

ij^tasai'li n.f. satisfaction consolation
comfort ; solace assurance reas-
surance tasai ti-bakh'sh adj. satis-

factory consolatory , comforting assuring
reassuring &>t rtasal'li dt'ra v.t. comfort ;
console : solace assure ki tasai' ti kar'na

v.t satisfy tasai' If. ho'na v.i. be com-

forted be consoled be assured CrfcPw
(ki) total'll ho'na v.i. be satisfied [A]
jX^tastxm' n.f salutation greetings
f " compliments acceptance , admission
conceding granting entrusting
surrender ^b^taslimat' n.f. pl. salutations
int. good-morning (etc.) tastlmat'

ba'ja la'na v.t. great pay one’s respeett
make obeisance take leave (of) ; - bid
adien b’/^tosllm' kar'na v.t. confer

j-.dmit concede ; grant salute pav
# . »». ■ . *

homage surrender ^t(CT lasii'uro-rtzd n.f.
surrender to another’s (particularly God’s)
will taslim' ho’na v.i. be resigned ; be

committed ; surrender [A ^

'itas'mah n.m. thong (shoe) lace

tas'mah Is.' gu na rakk' ns v.t. sever all
relations l ^Ptas'ma-pa adj. having lankv legs

[P]~

y-J tas'miyah n.m. christening ; naming
" taking God’s name saving ‘bismillah’
[A f.i\

Ijlasannun n.m, following ‘Sunnah’
t*' profess being ‘Sunni’ tasan'nUn

n.m. pl. the Sunnis [A ]
l£i lasmm' n.m. name of a neavenly fountain
f or stream [A]

j^tas'soo n.m. one-and-s-half inch measure

J, yStasnd' n.f. writing drafting
** ^blackening [A

^yJtas'viyah n.m. setting right adjustment
*'■' putting in order ; arrangement [A~

•rM

Ly^tashW N.F. facilitation making easy

tasks' boh n.m. • likeness resemblance

* . M similitude [A

tY&lasha' kul n.m. mutual resemblance [A~

» •*

jt^tashbib' n.f. introductory^ part of ode ;

' ^ ^amatory preface [A l? 1
JL-) cashbih' n.f. simile comparison

likening 0*Jptashbih' dc'nd v.t^ liken
compare use # a simile [A-^-f-’j
‘tashl n.m. (less usuaf spelling of

(see under w^N-M-jir)
iiZ**fashat'tul n.m. disunity
J. « tashat'tut n.m. schism and disunity [A ~

^f-’tashakh' khUr N jj. identity identifi-

*' r cation [A~

j&y taihkhls' n.f. diagnosis ascertain-
V" ment ^valuation assessment ;

appraisal (fXffyfy ta thkh ls' jari-b ir'Al n.f.

annual revenue ’assessment li/j^^taskkhu'
kar’ni v.t. jjiagnose evaluate assess;
apgjaise 0^1/^ tashkhls -gah n.f. clinic {A~

tashad' dud n.m. violence third degree
methods Ciyjj^tathad/diid hanrtna v.t.
resort to violence [A ~ A*?}

doubling a letter

J/J^tashdid' n.'f.

“ ^orthographical sign used for it [A
fjjZ>tashctrro‘ n.m. acting on tenets of faith

tP]

fjjPtashril/ n.f. anatomy explanation;
»• exposition ; elucidation ; s commentary ;
exegisisi^fv^rcf/irj^a/' n.f. pl. detailed
comments i-, ,l -*i}J^ / i- , (ashrl'h~Ul-abdan' n.m.
anatomy tff/J^tashrth' kar'na v.t. explain
elucidate give details (/j^lashrik i

anatomical detailed explanatory
tashri'ht yad-dasht' n.f. explanatory memoran-
dum [A~ bp)

^fiJp/tashnf' n.f. exaltation (arch )
investiture -with robes jlJaip*
tashrif arza'nl farms ’ na v.t. be pleased to
takea seat honour with (one’s) presence
£*;*££* tosh’ rtf' rakk'na v.i: ..take a scat

be pleased to sit down Cb><if^taOa f /' In'na
v.i. come ClfJ^cf^tadtrtf leja'm v.i. go ; go
away , leave ; depart [A~4^]

/P&tashaf'fi n.f. consolation satisfac-
tion reassurance Vftf^taskaf’fl kar'na

v.t. satisfy [A ~ {£>]

^^jiUuhak'ksk n.m. doubt ; suspicion
y ^.jcepticism [A -

C^Cp^tashklk' n.f. raising doubts • causing
*** suspicion making sceptical \k.~0*fit\
fp&tashak'kul n.m. taking shape morpho-
logy [A-J^]

. Liji.' lashtil n.f. formation setting up

' organisation [A —

tashan'nBj n.m. cramps convulsion

spasm [A]

^JiJtidi'nah (ped. ta&'-) adj. thirsty eager
fld&tish'na-kam' adj. thirsty unsuc-
cessful unlucky ; with unrequited love
na-lab adj. thirsty with parch-
ed lips unsuccessful un^icky eager
with unrequited love (?• *r / tiA'na-laH‘ h.f.
thirst having parched Upr eagerness

failure to achieve object (ped.)

task-) n.f. thirst ; desire ; longing ; temptation

t^Uj* jAJ’l.

ffitadntiS' n.f. reproach CCactV'M to*/* 0
*’ n.f. taunts and reproach [A
fjJgjitashrtsh' n.f. anxiety worry
"»* disquietude [A]

jjfltashah'kid' n.m. avowing faith by reciting
the formula called ‘kalima-e shahadat'
t^-A]

192

J&

^ZJtashhir' n.f. public exposure (rare)

" publication (rare) publicity
tash'hir' kar'nz v.t. expose publicitylj^r^
tashhir' ho'ns v.i. bfc exposed publicly [A~

tashay'yo* n.m. profession of shite faith
grouping [A ~

ryy^tasz'dUm n.f. collision clash ;

conflict . [ A ~ SJt* ]
jp/^jtasanlf n.f. (fl. ofo^*)

** A# **

jtlJf taszrtr' n.f. (pl. of J^’k)

*» "

taslyjf n.f. correction ; rectification
amendment proof-reading
taskih' kar'nz v.t. correct ; rectify

amend read proofs Lj} /rtasIfUf ho'nz
v.t. be corrected ; be rectified- be
amended (of proofs) be read [A~ ]

QbJhasad'duq n.m. __ giving alms charity
sacrifice tasad'dUq kar'fia v.t.

sacrifice give charity HjjClJdtasad'dud
kz’na v.t. . be^ sacrificed be given away

in charity [A ~Au>\ „

^ijJ!g)tasdi u ah N.M.,^o>tasdl‘' n.f. annoy-
** ance ; vexation trouble ; incon-^
yenience worry (rare) headache t Idld***
tasdi"ah uihz'nz v.t. take -trouble be

put to inconverence worry (over) be

vexed ; be annoyed [A]

T4j$ tasdlq' n.f. verification certifies."

*>• tion ; attestation affirmation
authentication countersignature (logic)

premise ; premiss t^iJU^tasdiq'-shudah' adj.

verified ; certified attested ; authenticat-
ed affirmed countesigned l'/i)jJ>tasdiq'
kar'nz v.t. verify; certify 'attest
confirm affirm authenticate counter-
ngn sl'faJtasdiq'-nz’mak n.m. certificate
testimonial I'jfJj^tasdiji' ho'nz y.x. be
verified be certified *j£rs<j$<4tasdVqi dast'-khzt
n.m. countersignature [A~

tasar'r&f n.m. possession use

' expenditure disposal extravagarice
change tampering with Urduization
(etc. of foreign word) taking backj^iijy^ '
L*]l ap'ne tasar'r&f meh la’nz v.t. put to one’s
own use tefyJtasat'ritf e bi'jz' n.m. misappro-
priation ;"embezzlement ; defalcation
tasarrVfat’ n.m. Pl. sum-total of expenses
(unauthorized) changes tf^tarsar'rtifi n.f.
aoj. (food) for servants (opp. -*'•£)

S.jOhasriH n.f. clarification elucid-

ation explanation V^tj/^tasriN kar’rOL

v.t. clarify elucidate [A ~

. . *r tasrif n.f. conjugation declen-

sion inflection conversion
change from one state to another [A~tijy]
Ju^tasghir' n.f. diminutive form 1 is’m-e
” tasghir' n.m. diminutive (form of) noun

l A a^

Jjp/ffitas'fiyah n.m. decision settlement
** disposal reconciliation rapproche-

ment purification : (of mind) purgation
’purity fyah karz'nz v.t. cause to

be ’reconciled (’Xjf*** tas'Jiyah kar'nz v.t.
decide settle reconcile ; tasfyah'

ho'nzv.i. be settled be decided [A - Li**]
L ..L ^taslib N.F.- crucifixion [A-w^]

V

fit# t as an' ns 1 n.m. hypocrisy

^ [A~^]

artificiality

n.f. writing compilation
** book literary (or other) workftf 4 '

v/lastiS' kar'nz v.t. write (book etc.)
compile compose tasiAf ho'nz v.i.

(of book) be written be composed*!^!?’
ftaqq-t' tasittf' n.m. copyright^fc^owil/df',
CjglJJtaszriif' n.f. pl. books works
writings [A]

jy£)tasav'vBr n.m; idea conception
~ fancy ; imagination contemplation
reflection apprehension (logic) term Jjf**

Mjtasav'vUr kar'na v.i. imagine ; fancy

picture to oneself ; think ; believe con-
sider [‘jfj/^tasao'vUr ho'nz v.i. be thought
bejeonsidered ; be believed [A
,*1 j0i taraa'ilUf n.m. mysticism Sufism

.. [A~^J

f^lasvlr' n.f. photograph; photo
v picture painting portrait image

likeness (fA ijj/dlasw' banja'nz v.i. be
struck dumb ; be' Sumb founded ilfyyoUastUr'-
khn'nah n.m. picture gallery &)/*> Ifk^tasvir’
ka doos'rarukh ph. the otl^r side of picture
khen&na v.t. , take a snap
draw a gicture paint a picture

portray j>y*tfr"' i ak'si lasvir' n.f. (arch.) photo-
graph ; photo [A~*Sfcy*]

' - M - contradiction contrast
^consistency [A~a>]

J&tJtazhlk' n.f. ridicille derision

mocking (Cl* * lS». lA ; V/Js*

193

IP

kv'na (or ktr&sha'nah ban’s' »a)v.T. ridicule
expose to ridicule deride mock [A ~

* tozar'ro ' n.m. humility supplication

U/* lamentation [AJ

tfitazmin' n.f. citation of anchor poetJs„
ofST live or couplet on one’s verse
farmin' kar'nay.T. site another line in one’s

verse [A ~

W&rtaz’V n.f.

tnr-A' rzz tat T N.F. waste spoil-
Qf- ing i£>l}jl£??tazyi' l ~e auqat's.r. waste
of time idling ; lounging [A l>]

... .fteM Aity h.m. conformity concur-
U. rcnce congmity [A~J>] y , -
, - tata'vsl n.m. high-handednessJyj^^Ij'Uo

(JD& das't-e tata’val daraz kar’na ph. show
hig h-handedness (towards someone)

~jjplatbiq‘ n.f likening comparison
tatbiq dt’na v.t. make exactly
alike** compare [- A
<7 taihir’ n.f. purification purgation

taza'lum n.m. complaint (against)
f" injustice endurance (rare) cutting
down (someone’s) rights : usurpation (mis-
takenly) oppression VJj[t^&$yjdas’t-e tazal’lum
dtii z' kor’na V.T. complain or pray against
oppression (mistakenly) show high-handed-
ness [A ~ Jdf)

• - ta'a'rkz n.i*. — 7

(jJ'r frontation contention [A~ ( y>]

fa'a'rfi/ n.m. introduction prea

con-

prtsenta-

lotion (at court or in society) preface
VjUj ta'a'ruf kara'na v.t. introduce (some-
one) toty^Jj v (^/a‘a'r«/ pai'da kar'ns v.t.
gejrto know ‘(someone) [A ~
fj-la'a'qib n.m. chase pursuit ;

* & ta'a'qitb kar'ns v.t. chose pursue

I qub ,

itSta'a'la adj. most high , exalted ifyuta’al-
allah' int. God be exalted how
lovely [A~y*]

(j). *ia‘a'vun n.m. co-operation 1 mutual
*3 van kar'ns v.t. co-
operate (with)

^ 0 ^ta“ ab n.m. fatigue exertion [AJ

_ «

mfta’blr' N.F. interpretation (of dream)
yl “' explanation putting up (new) construc-
tion (on words) /^ta’bir'.go' n.m. interpre-
ter of dreams [A -t^Lf'j

7la l 'biyah n.m. concealment plastering

* accoutrement make-up ; getting ready
Jfta'aj'jub n.m. surprise astonish--

ment amazement admiration
{par) ta'aj'jub kar’na \!yt^^//ko) ta’aj'jub
ho'na v.i. be surprised wonder • admire
be amazed [A - L

ijf) ta'jil' n.f. haste ; hurry quickness;..
v- 'rility expedition despatch V/fU?
te(,' na v.i. -hurry; expedite act
with -.espatch adj. express (letter,

telegram, ttc.) la' ji'li jaqsim' n.m.
express delivery jjtJf&jj'jfijg'tajUl ks’r-e
thfijatih ba'vad prov. fruit of haste is repen-
tence [A~^

I „ta‘dad' n.f. number strength CCf'j.hM
ta’dsd' bats' na v.t. give or tell the
number ot[A~jjfi)

2 -la’ ad' dad n.m. frequency being more
^ than one being numerous ; targe
number ta'ad’dud-e itdivaj * (or
azvsj) n.m. polygamy simultaneously
having more than one wife [A- jj#\

* "ta'ad'di n.f. cruelty oppression

ty ranny (rare) transgression [A
i/7tpiil'H.r. making balances equalisa-
K. tion adjustment proper functioning
correct performance ^ (fj '(JhJ ta'dl'l-t arksn
n.f. (in prayers) correct performance of various
postures [A~ (Jltf)

•J7la‘a r'ruz n.m. opposition hindrance

US getting in the way \7/\m)
st ta’ar’ruz (na) kar’na v.t. (not) to stand in
the way of [A

u/JaT/a rii’ N.F. Arabicization [A]

jd^ta’riz' n.f. hint
U"S sly hit [A ~Jy\

• n.f. praise;

veiled reference

fjp!j ta ' ri f' N - F - praise ; admiration ; com-

•ts mendation definition (polite form

used for) name definition ; making (noun)
definite use of definite article (before noun)
V)#l ta'rif'^ kar’na praise admire^
kar'ttmihk' soakh'naOgbk
“a'ri'fofi kt pH! b&tidk'na^y.T. lavish
praise ; praise very highly kl ta'rlf’

ph. may I know your (or the other person’s)
name [A~^»*]

~-~ta'’ziyat n.f. condolence ztyat

*Z!s kar’na v.t. condole J&ijta'tljat na’ma/t
n.m, letter of condolence **'

7 toyin’ n.f. Fixation determination

./•fag h«f' n.m. mason’s lime-pit heap
jU'of mud, masonry, etc.tfjy/agha'rt n.f.

trough [P]

jj./jfagha/tif N.m. indifference inadvert-
te ance unmindfulness neglect - neglf
gence/ [p^PO/tagha'/fif shi‘ar\
ktsh adj. indifferent unmindful "[A-

w \.r , ta|h'4i>«A n.m. nutrition feeding
nourishment [A ~ \j&]

i sf toghaz'zut amatory poetry composi-
tit ion of ode love element in poetry

ecstasy of love [A - (J'fi]

^Jtafhal'lub n.m. domination [A-

•

i N.F. contradiction proving

<4 to be wrong putting in the wrong [A -

yi\

•jiaghay'ygr n.m. ^change alteration
mutation ciiyf^lafbay'yur-o tabad'dil n.m.
changes ^alterations upheaval
mutations tafh ay'yur har'ns v.t.
change alter entering mutations
lsf»a/j*r ho’na v.i., be changed be
Mitered ^l^iafhayya rat' n.m. change
alterationT^U'j't^piiJlf'ajy'Sra't-r har sa'tah
x.w. annual record *of rural mutations [A~

'^tafhtir'^N.F. change fat',

r-e rafig' n.f. change of state

[A ~ jy\

. *a! «Sf n m. vapour steam [P]

# *rigfN.M. , curse _ (rare) spittle int.
shame ; fie^/^,^#/' Aat a/ par ph.
shame curse be on him (etc.) [~P^if]

4 ttSl ta f a '!<h ar n.m. boast ; vaunt vain

glory

■^iftofasir' N.f\ pl. commentaries ; exegeti.
• / *» cal works or wiitings (A ~ sinct^-*^]

ml' n.f. pl! detail

*• ..‘tiqf&'vit N.m. difference disparity
diversity fA-*#]

n.m. augury taking good
^ otnen(A~J(J]

tof'iah (rare) adj. parched n.m. (fig,)

^ lover
♦

taftish' n.f. investigation inquiry
w^** research jara'im n.f.

research (A1

criminal investigation {y^j(J%ivftqi q-o laftlih
n.f. research [A}

^Joltafah'hus n.m. search research |A1

m Uta/ar'ruj n.m. recreation p| f&^tafar' ruj-
Qy gsk n.f. place of recreation [AJ
m •’itaf'tiqak n.m. dissension sabisrh
division discord separation
differences fjl^bjjji(^ta/'riqa atda't (or
pardat') n.m. * one sowing seeds of dissension
dhmpUonht , yj!^^j'}tjljjJ'tef'r!gd ahda'4
(or parda'd) N.f. sowing of dissention
disruption taf'riqah da'tna v.t. dis-

rupt create dissension ; sow seeds of discord

{A~#l

y tdfar'nxj n.m. (rare) Westernization [A~£
Vr Frank] .*•

S£tafrik' n.f. (pi*.iZ\tfrtafrtfat') entertain-
&/ ment amusement diversion fun
jest stroll recess ; mid-morning break
^{/^tafri'fan, Anv. by way of amusement
jestingly , for tun gt£yJtofri'A-t tab'-
n.f. cheerfulness ; hilarity amusement
V/&}> ta f ,ih ' ^ ar na V T - refresh oneself
take a stroll amuse oneself
^j^tajris' n.f. Persianization [A ~ P]

/ ..“ttafrit' n.f. minimizing lower extre-
"j* mity [h~ bf\

n.f. subtraction differenti-
Uy ation split-u P Ofyjtytof'iq' 'fal 'na v.i.

create dissention “disrupt i,‘/jjf^Jtafr'q’
kar'na v.t. subtract differentiate [A~

o)\

.•tlafsir' n.f. exegesis of the Holy Quran ;

Quranic exegesis exegetical writing
commentary [A) a/ »j

Sflafsil’ n.f. detail particulars

\;f tafsil’ bay' an kar'na,lfy*fV~iqf'sir
kat'na v. detail ; give details ; explain in full
var adj, in detail ; detailed
At l infni' Anv item wise in detail*

yJ tofsilai' n.f: pl. details

. *• / Jt,

culars [A~ 4 ^]

, 'jZ tafzial' n.m. comparison excellence
1%; pre-eminence tafifi' mm.
adjcctive.of comparative or superlative degree
ba'Jiji.T. comparative degree
(of adjectives) kutj n.f. super-

lative degree (of adjectives) ^^•'fa/a'/-*

196

ucf'ft n.f. positive degree (of adjectives) [A ~

-•ttfaq'qfii N.M. kindness ll/j^tafaq'qQd
kar'a v.T. show kindness (to) lA~jj££]
tqfaq'qoh n.m. discrimination

knowledge beiog conversant with
Muslim jurisprudence [A~ ]

jfffi tafak'htr n.m. thoughtfulness re-
Action cogitation meditation

n.f. musket gun [P~

•gjtafaa'nbn n.m. diversion pastime,
Cr amusement ; entertainment
tafan'Wn-t-tab' 1 n.m. diversion of mind
amusement [A~ £ ]

« ytafae'vuq n.m. superiority pre>

cedence (£«r) lafav'vuq

faill ho'ia v.i. have precedence over

IA-xj£)

toils' n.f. entrusting dele-

gation (of righto etc.) giving

(woman) away in marriage without dowry
«*k 'z-t ikhtijsm’ N.M. Ft.
delegation of powers (A j

rfi-tqfok'ham n.f. understanding ; getting
know [A~ £ ]

'Jgttafhim' n.f. f teaching, instructions
causing to understand
Mf n.f, fl. explanation elucidation
adds to understanding l A ~ ]

L?-taqab{il n.m. . encounter com-

pari son [K~ji )

Np ' ^ PI "

l/j&taqarir’ n.f. (fl. ofyj^N.F. *)

. • n.m, dun importunity

***** demand urgency $/l)
taqaza’-t-iin , (or.^'fiw’r) adv." demands or
age, taolus '•< shaft d' n.m.

. strong pressure ; great stress
Utqaa‘-**vaq't n.m. call of times
IsfS'eS iar'na v.T. urge press
importune dun^tjs&agaea'i n.m. dun
(A~(^tfcoRX.)

i~**Uya'l8r N.M. distillation. falling
in drops drizzle [A~ gJaS\ _
n.m. intersection [A ~ £?}

rjteJB'si n.f, "taccavi’ ; pecuniary
'<•)*** advance to peasantry for capital ex-

diversion pastime

. * L

entertainment

diversion of mind

penditure [A]

j?“taqaiim l n.f. pl. „ calendars al-
manacs [A ~ SING. (J*\
t'^ljtaqod'dus n.m. sanctity lioliness

t m jX< u r / jj$ laf l a d'd\is-’nc‘ , &b' adj. holy,;

’ sacred N.M. (as title) His Holiness [A ~ }

I y£jtaqbil' n.f/ (lit.) kissing [A]

"taqad'dum n.m. priority precedence

(in time, order or rank) advance ;
moving forward (A ~(j?]

•Sj taqdir' n.f. luck fate fortune
'{r destiny lot predestination ;

luck^ „ divine decree (rare) estimate

VbjiSja) taqdir' aztna'tta v.i. try one’s luck
t 'V&Adtaqdir' bi'garna v.i. fall on

evil days come under an evil star bj&jSd
taqdir' phtrna (or pa’latna) v.i. Have
change in circumstances L (.* Ut^j y&L,)

£tfjS) taqdir' phoot'na (or pkooi janabr so*ja'aa)
v.i. face hard time come^under an unlucky
Star fall on evil days ^i^ZSTtaqdir' jag'na
(or lar'na) v.i. have luck ;* have a stroke

(good or bad) change of fortun
taqdir ks lik'kha (or ba'da) n.m. 'lot ; fg tr
divine decree writing on the wall fyft fJjSS
taqdir' ka hi’ta n.m. unlucky bloke*; unfor-
tunate person taqdir' ka

A’ge tadtir' na'fttn shal'R prov. "there, is no
cure for bad luck ; none can, withstand what
is decreed by heaven [A ~ jj9\

i ~ taqdis' n.f. sanctity sanctification
L/,'*** glorification [A-^/'jJ]
j ~~taqdim' n.f. presentation prece-

y*^ dence [ A ~ J

taqar'rUb N.M. nearness ; proximity

access; xppto&chil/^Utm^taqar'mb
haul kar'na v.T. have accesr obtain
proximity [A -

m ~taqar'rur n.'m. appointment nomi-

taqribat') 4 function ceremony
festival occasiinl^^hffl'iai adv, about
nearly approximately round about
[A-u^J] ..

j-rtaqrir‘ n.f. (VL.jgUttaqarir’) speech
oration discourse address talk

9

lecture (rare) comment taqrir'

kar'na make or deliver a speech ; speak
lecture address ; give an address give
a discourse give a talk taqri'ri adj.

verbal ; oral declamation (contest, etc.)

[A]..

.. - .taqriz n.f. (critical; appreciation

JVf favourable review [A)

•tflaq'sim n.f. division partition
distribution apportionment. cir-
' culation jf^^tagsim-e ksr' n.f. division
of work tat l s i m ' kar'na v.t. di-

vide distribute apportion, .partition
share (between) laqsi'm-r--

mttrak'kab N.F. compound * division
tnqsi'm-t muj’rad n.f. simple division t&fCT
taq&'m-e mukam'mal n.f. division-jwithout
remainder , exact divisionvtfCT^JfftfJim
n&’mah n.m. partition deed taqsim'

ho'na v.i. be divide be shared be
partitioned be distributed be apoortion-
ed f A ~ )

s "“jtaqsir' n.f. , mistake ; error omission

shortcoming , defect fault sin
crime ; guilt ; [A ~jj& ]

V? taqtir ' n.f. distilatlion falling drop
yg**by drop JjfJJ&taqfl’T Ul-hauf N.M.
painful discarge of urine in drops [A ~
g£taqa‘' N.F. scanning size (of book,

paper, etc.) [A~ ]

J^taqUd' n.f. conformation ; conformity;
being a conformist followipg in the
footsteps (of) emulation I'Jj^taqkd' kar^
ni v.t. conform follow emulate (iyj**

taqk'dl adj. conformist [A ~
ihflaqtU' N.F. minimising diminution .

diminishing pjfjl&i** taqULe if a' dak

n j\ diminishing utility iftj&taqhl-t ha'sil
n.f. diminishing returns
i ~Jjtdq va n.f. fear of God piety
abstinence ; abstemiousness fijJJjilah'l-i
taq'v a (or aik’.) n.m. pious persons God-
fearing persons abstemious persons [A~

*^(w]

„ •utaq'mjat n.f. strength strengthe-
ning support \jyCfy* *>taq'viyat dt'na
v.t. strengthen backup

/■„ *T taqvim’ n.f. (pl. ^CjQftaqavlm') al-
y’r manae calendar JijkjfJyP taqvl'm-e

pari'nah, N.F. past year’s*almanac (fig.)
worthless things ; outdated or outmoded stuff
taqvi'mf adj. calendar ^j^y^taqvi'nd sal

n.m. calendar year [A]
p/ ta'qi ADJ. pious

devout abste*

-"taqa/yid n.m. condition; proviso
restriction {A —

•”7 taqiy’yah n.m. permissibled subterfuge

nr [A -ctyfi

/ 'tak prep. till until to up to

towards as far as ; so far as
jCtuk n.f. (fig.) relevance ; sense ; justi-
fication (rare) ryhme fff. ^^ tak'-
batidl n.f. insipid versification
tak’ nuk tuk' mils' na v.t. agree (with) ; play
second fiddle (to) ^Tf^-bt-tuka n.m. un-
reliable person outward or difficult adj.

without rhyme or reason ; unjustified
meaningless irrelevant n,F-

bosh ; nonsense adj. nonsensical inrele-
vam tf'l(f2~be-iuki hank'ni v.t. talk non-

sense ,

j y*tik'k&, ^y"tik'kah n.m. bit or piece of
flash grilled piece of flesh
ka bo' ti kar'na v.t. tear to pieces hack
mangle pull to pieces

t/ftOk'ka n.m. grainless cob pointless
missible mere conjecture . guessyj'jf
'la'ga to tlr' na'hlfi to tuk'ki prov .
a dart wide of the mark is no better than a
straw

■la J* taka'sUl n.m. laziness ; indolence . care-
U i T lessness [A ~ A^]

takalif ' n.f. (pl. of 4 j*<Jr*N.F. ★)
“t/ftakan n.f. fatigue; tiredness

taksn UlSr’na (or door‘s kar'na) v.t. & I.
give or take some nsik^ff^iakan' duri'na,
v.i. b tired be fatigued [doublet of

,

Tyjakari n.f. shaking jerk Is^flytakan
dt'na v.t. jerk [P] ^

gj! tckab'bur n.m. pride; conceit; haughtiness
arrogance egotism insolence
(rare) loftiness [A~ yf)
fftekbir' n.f. praise of God repetition
yT, die words ‘Allah-o Akbar’ takbir'
ann ouncem ent of initiation of congregational
prayers Jf* } ^JftakH'r-t oo'la n.f. initial
‘takbir’ (f/^takbir' kaih’na v . t . announce
initiation of congregational prayers repeat
the words 4 Allah-o Akbar' \>%$) (p») takHT
park'm v.t. (begin to) slaughter animai in
I Muslim way [A ~ / ^")

insolence

J98

*

K >

jL Qik' tik n.f. & i nt. (same as £ *£.
fakh ' takh n.f. & int. -fr)

&£taks1r' n.f. increase ; augmentation ;
y£ multiplication f j( ff^'tqksi'r-e if a dak
n.f. ' increasing utility J^f^^’taksi'r-e ha'sil
n.f. increasing returns [A~ &ff\

, Astaksif' n.Fj, condensation density

*-ef[A

/ftakad'dUr n.h. turbidity disquietude
JJT unpleasantness misunderstanding

./£tak&b' n.f. contradiction falsifica-
tion t, , jLsj£iakzik' kar'na V.T. falsify
contradict [A~wjtf

ifftakrar' n.m. tautology repetition

argument altercation contention
tokrar’ ko'na v.i. argue ; quarrel
(tfl/ftakrar' kar’na v.t. quarrel ; argue
repeat (fjjf'takra'ri ADJ. contentious
querulous [A~ j\

J rthakrim' n.f. respect honour

reverence fcfriS'iakrini' kar'na v.i. show
respect t lakrim' ho'na v.i. be shown res-
pect [A~ 7 */]

fMfftak’rb adj. {r.tff'lak'ri) stout well-
-built

/ftakas'sur n.m. (math.) carrying figures

(rare) beihg shattered [ A
^fiakgir' n.f. (math.) carrying figures
^ shattering [A ~ \

Itpt* takafful n.m. support ; maintenance i A ~

•jfftakfir' n.f. infidelity charge ex-

j/TT communication \_K~Jfif]
jtfrtakfln n.f. shrouding V/tfjf'takf in' kar'na
v.T. shroud [A—^, y\
y> tuk’kal n.f. diamond sliaped paper kite

.hAlak'la n.m. spindle (j tak'le kc sc

r bd mkal'na v.t. bring '(someone) to his
sense* ; put (someone) to rights l'/;
sookh’ kar lak'la ho'na v.i. grow the very lean
peak and pine

# J^takal'luf n.m‘. formality ceremony
inconvenience ; trouble ; pains
lavish expenditure Jf^/u^takal’luf bar ia'raf
AOV. ceremony aside ; frankly spealdng ;
tube fraakfe/tj ^T S^y& iakari Uf ba'ratna (or
Aar'xS) v.i. stand on ceremony tafcp
pains he ceremonious ,Ja^,be-takul'lUf adj.

unceremonious plain frank forth-
right informal (of friend) free^j^J^**

iakullofa f n.m.. pl. ceremonies formali-
ties iSslfijfyfj ras'mi takallufaf n.m. fl. for->
malities specious cordiality*

maj'lisi takallufaf n.m. pl. etiquette

social ceremony [A]

jytakal’lUm n.m. speech , speaking
I conversation [A ~ f ]

, yrtaklif n.f. trouble ; inconvenience
difficulty ; hardship suffering

torment ; affliction (rare) responsibility
l*(g fy uika’na v.i. suffer be

put to inconvenience undergo hardship

Ci fjpJ &taklif' de'na v.t. trouble put to
or cause inconvenience vex ; annoy
taklif kar'na, v.i. take the trouble
taklif-e ma'-la yutaq' n.f. unbearable

trouble staggering or overwhelming responsi-
bility [A] /

iB’taffmilah n.m. appendix [A~ (JU]

^tuk'mah Jim. button-hole loop ; eyelet
sS tuk'mah n.m. cord knob

and eyelet (as outmoded button and button-
hole

takmil' n.f. completion implementa-
(/•* tion ; execution authentication
consumatijon conclusion termination
c *Cfy*f'takm' l-e tamos' sUk n.f. execution of
bond (jpfyJf'l.akml'l-e rah'n (coh rth'n) N.F.
termination of mortgage £/$gf‘iakn8l' kar'na
C[£~f£k?(SvJ (ps'ya-c) takmil' ko puhMfka'na
v.t* complete autlienticate execute ;
implement ) (P&'y 3 -*) tokn&T ko

pahufich'na, (yjj^lakmil’ ho'na v.i. be
complete 'conclude terminate be
executed ; be implemented [A ~^(/J
."/’tak’na V.t. & i. look at gaze store

at ogle expect &%>(($(&) rah’ tok’na
v.t. wait for ; look out (for) &%lj,!{paraya
hath, tak’na V.T. depend upon (someone) : be
parasitical (,*( Pjftok'ki laga'na v.i. stare

f niya adj. three-cornered ; triangular ( ~

sJa

jj'takt&ri n.f. creation bringing
Genesis [A-^l/5

jfitok'yah n.m. pillow bobter reliance
•• support prop hermitage (, ’jlglQ
(par) tak’jah kar'na v.t. depend (on); “rely

199

la' g-n-po, g-n-taz' n.f. running

about search endeavour gallop
Mg-o-dau' n.f. running about endeavour

t p L

.*&tigad'dam n.m. clique of three ; cliques
f ~ entanglement of (strings of) three
kites

fytsgarg' n.m. (lit.) hailstone [P]

■y m

tt&ig'm, adj. (f. g tig’nt) > threefold
triple triplicate ; thricej/^^if^Tig'rri k&
ndfft' naffcva'na Pit. dance r (somoene) to
one's tune harass [ ~ + cA

frtig'gt n.f. a three (in cards) [ - ut\

99

LtiV n.m. sesame-seed : sesamum pupil
U of eye small particle ^ mole^/v'^tiT
hard.' bar adj. very little cha'uali n.f.

rice mixture adj. grizzled f til-chat' ts n.m.

. -L .1— -

JfiVtalatum n.m. storm dashing ; buffiet-
| ’ ing (of billows) [A - ^ ]

I, Ttata'fi n.f. making amends re-
0- compensc ; compensation reparation
vJljtf 'alafi kar'nu v.t. compensate
make amends lyjjljr tala'fi ho'nS v.t. be re-
compensed Lsb’iftiftcla'fi-t ma-f at' ph. letting
bygones be bygones JA]

• , J* tali' mU<ih Jslftalamiz’ n.m. (pl. Xf

fz M M. *)

Ifrtula'nu v.t. (see under O’ tQl'na v.i. ^r)

jj^taia’'o n.m. pool pond lake

L^Ziila'iat n.f. (of the Holy Quran) read-
ing recitation [A]

i SftrJhLi n.f. impersonation disguise
C/- * deception counterfeiting (currency)

j i.} f .• .. //Iiirnwv co vinrr

(personation disguise
counterfeiting (currency)

cockroach lO'J’tll' ch/ita'na v.(. (as wedding | ^'tal'bijah n.m. (during ‘Haj’) saying ‘lab-
rite) cause to^jecome hen-pecked l^i baik assurance of being at God’s

t*j rStil’ dhar'ne ki ja'gah na ho'na v.i. (of place)

. be overcrowded : be filled to capacity
al’-bkQg'ga N.M. crushed jsesamum sweet-
meat til'-shak'ri,

til ADV. little by little ti'lofi

meh id' na'Mt nrr. you can’t hope to have
your way with so-and-so \J^til'va n.m. sweet
sesamum rolls [P] >t

C Ttal pref. low down fjtljftal-nag’ra
U adj. & n.m. (W. dial.) sly person avoiding
looking others in the face [ - ^C]

,r Ml*, n.m. sole (of shoe) coating
V* clump (of) shoes bottom ground flour
l/jjfMla dt'na v.t. coat bottom of (saucepan)
with fuller’s earth, etc. # „

£ til' la n.m. drawn gold gold lace^/Ufk

^ til’la-sa'd N.F. gold-lace making

,r ti'lla dan n.m. (dial.) alms equal to dis-
tributor’s weight { ~ Cljf]
ftjlL tala’ turn n.m. being mutually necessary
( yj^tala'zUmah n.m.; (in speech, etc.)
mechanical use of words relating to one idea

Ttalash' n.f. search quest 1%/**
^ talash' kar’na v.t. search for ; seek
ma'dsh' n.f. search for em-
ployment ; job-hunting n.f. search

tf* baik ’ ; assurance of being at God’s

beck and call

i ±£tal'pat adj. topsy-turvy ruined

U ' , V wasted lost [ ~(Jtal] „
if ^ lal'fhhat n.f. sediment [ — Jrtal)

yta'lcjihna v.i. feel uneasy be test-

is less loss (from pain,
tal’tthoo mal'dkhao kar' na,^l(jy^jfa/^"’tat dijuoh
mal'ftooti kar'na v.i. be fidgety
•X'tal'kh adj. bitter pungent mtj.

palatable - acrid ; acrimonious

talkh-ab' /{& talkh-a'bah^tjM. bitter water
wine bitternmiC^^trd'kh haql'qat n.f.
unpalatable truth Z/tf£~talkh-kam adj.

unpalatable truth talkh-kam adj.

frustrated (person)^j(^/ talkk-ka'mi n.m. frust-
ration fgtalkh-go, fig tat kh-nava' adj.
person saying bitter things ; uttering unplat-
able truths tal'kh-go"l, talkh-

na ra'‘as n.f. utterance of unpalatable truths

j£~tal'kh-miz&j ' ‘ adj. surly kTtit

mi&ji n.f. surliness Ud'kfrodM’i.

n.m. vicissitudes of life adj. sour and bitter

&& Kjr - (fi«)

various aspects of life y tat kit d.t.
bitterness acidity pungency acrimony

unpleasantness • bad blood [P)

Jftalkhls' n.f. abridgment V.
( J ** ka’rns v.t. abridge [A]

talkhls'

• •rtalaz'ziiZ n.m. enjoyment; deriving pleasure

-V[A ~^]

JTtul'sl n.f. sweet basil

<T„

t % uP talaflOf n.m. kindness favour gjjl
^’ob k az ra'h-e tala' luf adv kindly ; gra-
ciously talat'tuf karna v.T. do favour

show kindness [A ~ ^gh>]
t Zta'laf n.m. destruction , ruin loss

waste VJ^d^ialaf kar'tja v.t.
destroy ; ruin waste ; squander lose
ta'laf ho'na v.i. be destroyed be
ruined be wasted . be squandered [A]
i* Zj^tala/'fnz n.m. pronunciation ^

ka lalaffuz ho' nav-.i. {of word) be pro-
nounced [A

fijltialqin' n.f. persuasion religious tn-
struction (esp. at death-bed) pronounc-
ing the creed to urge dying person to repeat it

{Aj

jfeta'lak adv {arch, or col. form of <_*v“
adv. ★)

Jrti'lak n.m. (dial.) colour-mark placed by
Hindus on brov/tf j[pj lm Xy~ti’lak-dhan
n.m. one daily besmearing brow with ‘tilak’
($ l _Jy~ti'l a k lags' na v.t besmear (one’s
brow) with ‘tilak’. - /•_ m

dT talal'li (dial tul'tuli ) n.f. jet , spurt

0 talal'li bshdk'ns v.T. direct a jet \JpjJ," im“
talal'li bahiknzt v.t. spurt out

• £ talam'muz n.m. being or becoming a pupil

studentship sha'raj-e

talam'muz ho'na v.t. be a ptfpil of [A -
<•. j L talmala ni v.t. be impatient be
v res tless . feel uneasy fret

talmala' hat J^'tal'maU «■*. uneasiness
Jr et ting

lalmlh’ n.f. (pl. talmihat') allusion

O .J[A ~ ^ „

• l talmiz' n.m. (pl tala' mizak or JLs0>

tahrmz') pupil student [A]

.*/*to/’na v fry roast talvs'na v.t
have (something) fried
P'tS/'na v.t. {see underlay v.t. *)

'C’tilanga n.m. (during British occupation
#f the sub-continent) native soldier in
Western uniform (owing to original batches’
training in Telingana) Telegu-speaking per-

soi tilofigl’ n.f; Telegu
fCial'v a, 0? tala' n.m. sole (of foot)

* il/ fjb'tal'va khvja'na v.i.

(of sole) itch have a foreboding of travel
\Jj j\J>~tal'w na lag'i ta^v.i. be restless, be
impatient gjl v °h se 3 S’ log' na v.i.
be in a rage ' al ' wil se

lag'na sir' men JO. kt ‘bvjk'na v.t be greatly
hurtp^^jj,^ to i non se mal'na v.t. trample
von se ankhet mal'na . v . t .
evince humility be meel^jl t/b)l£\fz£tal've

ehat'na (or saihla'na ) v.T. fawn on ' flatter
coax cajole ; today l / 'y^j J ^£ r /tal've ckkal'n i
ho'na v.i. have a tiresome journey have
run about a lot have endeavoured much
\Z$£Z’'£.ftal've se tag'nn v.i. follow meekly I'M!/
iLtalwar n.f. sword sabre scimitar

talvar' chala'na v.t. strike with a sword

put to the sword n. M i-fencing f^jj^talvar'
ejiat'na v i. be fighting with swords n.m.
sword-fight (ffitfjlf’talvar' ka dka’ni n.m. good
swordsman \£y'j!jftalvar' soht'na , \jf 'alvar'

kheiieh'na i v.i. draw the sword , unsheathe the
sword talvar' ka gha‘‘o n.m. sword-cut;

sword-wound i'/jtt ('isj/j^U/l/'lalvar' miyan'
(or neyam') men kur'na v.i. sfieathe the sword
ron kt clia'oii men ph well-
guarded ; under shadow of swords
nangr talvar’ li'ye- adv with a drawn sword
bj/'tal' varya n.m. swordman

j •jj / "nlvansalt l ‘J , tllauitda,\X/tilaufi'sa ADJ. (of
* lamp) aslant (to bring oil nearer wick)
Vtulav'vun n.m. fickleness capriciousness
ar da/ ‘talav vun-e tab'' n.m. capri-
ciousness fickle-mindedness gjy>{0/ialav ‘ vitn
mizaj' adj. capricious whimsical
fickle-minded (f'.i/fy/talao'eun mizaji n.f
capriciousness fickle-mindedness [ A ~ ]

£ til'll n.f. spleen milt this as food

r ta'le adv. on the groundfloor down
under , below beneath ke ta'le
adv. at the bottom of at the foot of
ta'le oo'par adv one upon the other
Jg" ta'le oo'par ke adj. (of children) born
, in luccession jjl j ta'le oo'par ^ki auUti’
n.f. children born in succession ta 'le pet'
na v.i. sleep on the floor *

| da ni N F - needle-pouch . housewife

^ji/talai'ht, ^ttalat'tki n.f submontane
0 *' region

j^til'yar n.m, starling

^ UWfcrstON. (nominative) you

{fl?fems'siif n.m. similarity ; likeness ; re*
V semblance [A ~

tiSj lamud ' di n.f. (lit.) passage (of time)

V*** duration (tltf^/tomad'di-e ayyniri n.f.

passage of time (A ~
vrtoma'rKt n m. valetudenarism

C#* malingering

^jj lftama'zat n.f. heat ; intense heat [A]

, A| ‘’tama'3ha**\j~Uma' shah n.m. show
•^^entertainment spectacle fun sport

oddity film show business^
n.m. onlooker spectator igQ'Stamash'lAn n.
rake ; libertine ; debauchee^jJ/iT/amasftAt'nJ
n.f. licentiousness • debauchery U& ptflama-
£ha de&h'na v.i. witness a show enjoy

other’s misfortun tw\$\7tamadta Aor'na v.t.

put on a show stage a play jeer ;

jest ; make fun (of) (rare) see, view
$\>itduM'sha kar'nc vala N.M. showman
exhibitor actor one who makes sport
funny pcnon&Lj^iftama'die hi bar n.f.
funny thing t &tftcmash'~gah' n.f. show
place theatre (A ~ J'O cork.]

AjUmari adj. entire , whole total_

| ^ complete full n.m. end ; conclusioiy^i/
(or/*U) tamam' -tar adj. most all entire

j&f&tanam' dfid fh. its all over ; its done
withtt/fV tamam’ kar'na v.t. complete
conclude 4a Asm tamam' kar'na v.t.

kill ; murdeit/^l' /amam' ko'na v.i. be
finished ; be concluded ; come to an end
be completed; be ovcrtyftffWka kam tamam '
ko'na v.i. be dead^jt/jdj uma’m-o-kamal' adv.

thoroughly wholly ; entirely fully ;

completely totally iftftama'ntl n.f.

completion conclusion n.m. a variety of
brocade [A] 4

J|^/ Utmba'koo n.m. tobacco [Sp, ~ s*MLg >
‘..Hsid red Indian word] ^

^p /tam'mat adj. finis [A ~

~7umft n.m. utilization "JV
C/ gain perf o r ma nce of minor
pilgrimage along with the major one

tom' soma na v.i. glow Audi
l IT (of face) redden ; be enraged sparkle

N.M. utilization
pe rf or ma nce of minor
along with the maji

civilisation urbani*

flash i ~f&tem'tama’haf n.f. glow
reddening (pf lace) sparkling
( tZjtomsal’ n.f. .stature portrait

V . likeness [A ~J7)
pAutmdT n.f. drama ; play allegory
LT- parable apologue instance
example resemblance simiIitude$5£/iS0*
tamsil ’ peak kar’na v.t*. ^ put on a play

adduce an example la'na v.t.

adduce an example J^tamsi'lm adv. for
instance ; for example allegorically ; as a
parable [A -Jp*)

Jftamjid' n.f. glorification (of God)
-WA-rff]

• -tamad’din n.m. civilisation urbani*
Uji zation

jtamar’rud n.m. disobedience insolence
■y transgression ; exceeding the limits
haughtiness , concert (rare) tyranny [A]

tamos' Mir n.m. joke ; jest fun ;

Jt buffoonery [A]

sUtamas'suk n.m. (monetary or legal)
t-'w'* bond promissory note (rare) cling-
ing (to) ; sticking fast [A]

• jttamQah n.m. medal (arch.) royal

^ charter (arch.) official stamp, etc. on
merchandise " (arch.) poll tax [P]

,ntam'kanat n.f. gravity power

t*^Tpomp grandeur haughtiness [A]
jyiam'kin n.f. dignity gravity [A ~
Cv^oublet of prec.]

Utmal’lUq n.m. flattery [A]

Jytajrdik' n.f. position settlement
of property [A ~

I tu man-dor n.m. centurion chief
(among certain Baluch tribes) [T+

100 soldien+Pjfo]

tyttanum'na n.f. wish desire longing
IZ/fcUt) tftaman'na (ta'kir) kar’na v.t.
wish desire ; express a desire for
_ j tarnm' vaj n.m. biHowing (of warn)

, j tamoez (rare ta mmoot ') n.m. nameafm
summer month intense heat [A]

J jtanusv’val n.m. riches ; wealth weal*

USjUamlA - Jt)

IjU tumka'ra pron. your yours (

^.Jtamhti' n.f. introduction • preface
•* preamble ; prolegomena prdimi-

settlement

202

nary discourse preparation opening ;
beginning tamkid' uthana n.f. in-
troduce a subject broach or introduce a
topic begin ; initiate {^{(Jj^tamhi'dell
baftdh'na v.i. make vain suppositions
make false promises try to introduce
subtly make advances (jjgftamhi ’di adj.

introductory, preliminary [A ~ js? ]
s/ tum'bi^fedtumkif) PRON. you you ;
V -yourself [ ~ p]
ijfc t fUm'hek PRON. you ; to you [ - ^ ]

n.f. manners etiquette

A sense ..judgment direction
distinction j\)fK tanuz'-dar adj. . „ well-
mannered discreat judicious i rjfetamlz'

kar’na v.X. be mannerly ».* distinguish^^*
bad-iav&z' {pe&.ySJrbe-lannz’) adj. unmanner-
ly (A~foix. CORR.l
*

,1 tamyu? n.f. distinction qualifica-
tion category J^li/harf-t tamflz'
n.m. qualifying word adverb [A)_

sturdy tan' ba'dan^ pkoonk'na v.T.

consume the body ^ tSiCfy& ian ' ba'dan melt
ag' lag’rta v.i. fly into a*passion ; be enraged
grow very jealous^y^/ tan'-par’var adj.
selfish self-indulgent indolent^^torr
far' varl n.f. selfishness self-indulgence

indolence [^^ta'n-e Jtanha' adj. all
alone all by one self tan'durust' adj.
healthy hale and hearty t,y&fcflan-durust'
kar’na v.t. cure fy*%&ian 'duriist' ho’na v.t.
recover recoup hca!th^y^la»'rf8rBi’fi n.f.

health recovery *fz^jl$%ft‘ridurUs'ti

bazar ne'‘mat hat prov. health is better than
wealth^Vtfc/) tarideti' n.f. devotion
diligence^^W dhaftk’na v.i. have
clothes go about in ordinary clothes -i/'fan'-
zeb n.m. a^kind of muslin a kind of
waistcoat<^W man n.m. body and soul
Cff/Jtan' man' dkan’ n.m. body, soul and
wealth all one’s resources man '

ikon' st ADV. with full devotion^jf£/W man]
st ad v. with all one’s heart and soul
tan' man' mar’na v.t. suppress one’s feelings
work with devotion taa* man var'na

v.i. be ready to lay down one’s ta'ne-

M' n.m. strong bodyj^yUan-oo mold’ adj.
sturdy [P]

0 **

l^lan'na v.i. (same as (x’v.i. if )

struggle dispute con*

tentiontJ^J'l/ tana’-zo' lilbaqa' n.m. struggle
«..? .. .. / ■ ■ .

Ttana'zo' n.m

for existencc^l/'iana'^o'oA n.m. (col. quarrel ;
dispute [A

t m0 *£lana'sub n.m. proportion **tf/\stona' sub-t,
* ^ a'za’ n.m. due proportion of the limbs
1 ^‘tanajub-f murak’kab n.m. compound pro-
pOrtiorduSl^iana'sUb-t mStfrad n.m. simple pro-
portion L-^^^tana'sub-e mUn'qalib N.M. in-
verse proportion [A -%5^]
jf / t~tana'sukh n.m. metempsychosis ; trans-

C/^migration of soul (rare) transformation

w

Ai^tana'sul n.m. reproduction ; procreation
tana'sal n.m. genitals

penis [A-^]

tana' fur n.f. putting together words

^^hard to pronounce mutual aversion
repugnance

•X,~ tana qUz n.m. ..incompatibility dis-
{J ^crepancy

I ,~tana'oul n.m. eating .(rare) extending
J tone’s hand to grip(^^t^jU>'iana'pfi/
kar'na {or farm' Ha) v.T. tAt£/jj^yl^na~ba'.
zar tana'vul kar'na v.t. (humble request to
guest to) eat whatever is made available by
the host : partake of feastJA]
iv’tam'fa (col. focdOuomban’)

. n.m. loose trousers [P ~ ]

'Mm' boo n.m. tent

•• *
f \tamboo‘ra,5y!

tambourine

j \tamboV n.m. cash. ^ wedding-gift
OK (rare) betel-leaf ^(Jjrtambd’ par’na v.i.
(of cash wetjding-giftsf be collected
n.m. betel-leaf vendor
m.t. woman vending

betel-leaf seller

\Ttanab'boh n.m. awakening
* the warning [A- foll.)

^pjtambih' n.f. warning reproof
»* monition reprimand (pcd.) awaken-
ing ; arousing tX^Uunbih' kar'na warn
admonish reprimand vjfeff tombih' ho'na
v.i. • realise be warned [A]
i, / j *t IS*' pkan kar'na v.t. »y angry
"sUhW things be haughty

'rah n.m.

taking

ad-

203

&

-zjr — ;

ka vaq'l N M right moment
## • * ~

Jytantar J^y^lan'lat man' tar n.m (dial.)

/ charm , enchantment
• j 'jlitn'tUm n.m a kind of guitar

^ *«

*J ftiinkhah' n.m. pay ; assignment

W salary wages pay lankha'-dar

n.m. paid (servant) one of the salaried
class [P

ftuhd ADJ. fierce furious violent # -

"^rough severe rapid swift ; fast S’X^
lUhd-khoo'^ ADJ. fierce ; furious irascible

surlyjt&J'ffiftrf-rt^iiar' adj. fleet-footed
ra.p\<l adj. foul-mouthed

sharp-tongued^^/B*</'-»»i5/ adj.
fieicc ; furious hot-heated irascible

sui ly^c^l ka'd-e-lut,d' , tufid -bad ^ n.f

tempest * storm strong wind(£>7u*V.
fierceness ferocity fury violence

swiftness sharpness severity force [P]
jfc!‘ahdoor' n.m. (col forv^N.M. ■*•)-

JrtAndail n.m. & adj pot-bellied (person)

•• i ~>yi

tjlanaz'zul N.m. decline ^decay de-
motion : degradation!^!^'' tanaz'zil ho' na
v.t. decline be demoted . be degraded

L.ytanaV n.f. revelation (of the Holy
0/ Qpran) [A ~ J/?3
".Ctam&K n.f. purification purigation
-/ keeping (someone) away from sins (A~

.J^jT tan sikh n.f. repeal abrogation

£/* quashing cancellation ■ revocation
annulment [A ]

^ -aM tan&b' n.f. installation [A

♦ ^ iansif ' n.m. bisection [A
*%**•

tan&n’ N.F. organisation , party
j ** organisation ; setting in order discipline
regimentation arrangement (rare)
threading (pearls) (rare) versification [A -•

I n.m easy life life of

luxury prosperity [A ~cJ>}
n.m disgust [A]

<$m*f'fir n.m disgust
aversion [A~^]

dislike

j^tanaj'fos nji. breathing : respiration
<J jV&tUlz't-t tandj'Jus n.m. respiratory
organs^^ntja'm-e tana/ ‘/us n.m. respira-
tory system^taruif'/isi adj. respiratory (A~

fj^nafas]

J^tangih' n.f. issue (in law-suit) point
& of issue search ; inquiry c le a r ance
of doubt decision ; determination ; settle-
ment n.m. pl. issue (in law-suit)
L^^Uanq-'-ta'lab adj. (point) at issue
(point) to be determined ; decided or sett-
I tedyf&tanqih' kar'na v.t., determine or settle
issue in a „ law-suit

kar'na.Q&'gf y 'lanqik nikal'rS) v.t. frame or
draw up [A]

I -Sftanqid' n f. criticism review criti-
l-A'J' cal appreciation^ fault-finding

animadversion t*l ha daf-e^/anqiA'
band'm v.t. criticize slate [A~>#J]

Jjftan'qls’ n.f, fault-finding advme
»• criticism (rare) curtailment (A -*^•*1
^dtan'qiyah n.m. purgation purge (A -

~ ... i

/f lunik adj. (lit.) slight having little
tjjin weak short • lacking # large-
ness c?&(£*tfin'nuA-.:ary‘ adj. mean^Jc^'lS'-
nak-mizzj adj. short tempered ; peevish ;
irritable [P]

t/~tinka n.m. straw blade (of grass)

^ dried stalk *&"

aw &kap'par rakh’ du'na ph. put under graat^
obligation for a small favour {s&lSltf2dCf& r
an'ka Utar'ne ka tfcan man'na ph. be oblidged
for a small f&vour^jsg&Un’ka Ulna lor
sak'na v.t. ^extremely lazy be very in-
dolent^^jl/^fiVfa dak' to* mth IS** v.T.

admit defeat : throw up the sponge ads
for mercyCpv ^tin'ka *a rath'** V.I. be
divested of everything (,*{£>£ h jS*M
v.i. become thin and lean •. be emaciated
tin'ke chun’na v.t. be intoxicated ;
g-o mad ; become insane be intoxicated ;
be dead drunk (,'lj^Wfc v.r.

drive made make insane *»*'*»

ka pohar' bana’n a p unmake mountains out of
molehills Of It tin'ke ka soha'ra le'nB V.I.

catch at stra^lvi ki-oi pohar' ph.

just a shadow of lurking calamity even
small timely more highly effective
I { .&ti‘nakna v.t. flare up react sharply
1 be uneasy flutter ruffle

204

' fijtankir' n.f. being or making a common
/; noun be unwary [A—

//, tatig adj.. narrow tight strait
fc^v' too small scanty contracted com-
pressed straitened bored ; fed up
poor ^distressed n.m. lap sack ; bag
girth I’tlJ&tafig' ana v.i. be fed up (with)

be utterly sick (of) ; have one’s patience
exhausted jj^lattgrbal' adj. in straitened
circumstances (f&plahg'ha'ti n.f. poverty
want ^5 lu&tahg-das't adj. poor ; pennij

less destitute stingy ; miserly
tahg’-das’tl n.f. poverty ; want destitution
tahg'-dil' adj. mean miserly ; niggardly
narrow-minded (Jfa'tatig-di'li n.f.
meanness niggardliness narrow-minded-
ness {£2fctafig'-dahanja>i. small-mouthed (as
sign of beauty) tjdL&tatg'-zar'f adj^ (less
approved form oi£fjCj£) mean tyO&tatig'
kar'na v.t. tease ; harass vex ; pester
badger narrow down tighten con-
tract ; compresses t&tafig’-vaq't n.m. ele-
venth hour short notice Ijfi.^fc'tcifig' ho’na
v.i. be penniless be badly off squeez-
ed be in a difficuIty^^^Aa^L^Ia^'
ho’tav.i. be penniless ; be in gtraitsai-(>''faii>F < -
)ia’*e n.f. strait ; narrow place or passage fa
tah’gl n.f. narrowness tightnests
trouble ; difficulty hardship poverty ;
want^^S'lajk'gt iUr'M n.f. want ; pover-
ty trouble difficulty ; hardship^st/^^jp
V/ffa tatigl tur'tjd se ba-sar' ho’na v.i. live
from hand to mouth eke out (one’s) exist-
e l lc %ji^Cr tab’ ft dt’na v.t. make life hard (for)
£yitf tatig ho’na. v.i. lead a miserable life
be in trouble be in property [P]

|»*(or t?) ian'na v.i. be stretched be

■ pulled tight stand erect or up-right
sit straight react sharply defy stiffen
(one's) attitude „
fitanoor* {col. jjr'tatidocr’ pcd.
i* taimoor’) n.m. stove
wen tanoor' jhottk'na v.i.
beat an' oven light a stove
eat ; (fig.) fill the belly [A]
c, • jtanav’vo • n.m. variety
Of [A- tJ]

• tamo'mahd adj. well-built
rchmt((^y tamo’ matull n.f.

[P-c?]

// taiwir' n.f. refulgence rays of ligl*

diversity

stout

robustness

jytanAn n.f. nunation ; doubled short
C vowel at end of word read as the parti-
ailar single vowel +(jl written with an extra
^ | save when the final letter is ot ’ta'-e
tarns" ,«

ldnah\£ta‘na N.M. trunk ; stem stalk [P ~{J]

. ,-tanha' adj. alone lonely solitary
*T single adv- single- handed^ tanka' 'l
n.f. loneliness solitude [P]

.vi*to'nl n.f. ^clothes-line string share
met! gatith.' de’na V.T. (dial),
tie knot*" as memory aid betroth L>h lass' -

ya n.m. drawers comprising strip of cloth held
by string [ - 1>’C]

V to (dial, tau) adj. then in that case

* at that time therefore ; hence
moreover in short n.f. (also faj to' to') cry
to call dog (fj to' bhi conj. still ; yet ;
even then nevertheless ; nonetheless
J too PRON.

"too' bhi ra'm melt bhi ra'nt kaun bhare gi
pa'ni prov. all are generals, none a soldier
to sa’hi ph. (if it is so) then l will see to it
VfJVyJtoo tarnq' kar’na v.t. talk rudely or
discourteously quarrel brawl jf&jtoo takar\

UZutjJtoo’ too maiti mailt n.f. rude talk
brawl jjtao ' 'too maiti math ho'tta

v.i. have aloud argument ; brawl
. •Tta'va n.m. hot plate griddle ; crock
w for hookah top copper plate at bottom
of water-heater leaden base in well for
cooling .water (slang) gramophone disc adj.
jet black ; very dark (person) lj$lul'ta too a
n.m. convex or inverted hot plate adj. jet
black ; very dark person \^fjgo£-Jta've ka hafts'-
na v.i. soot corruscation under hot plate (as
good omen)

flawab' n.m. (attribute of God as)

Acceptor of Repentence penftant [A
~xV]

••tavti be' n.m. pl. adjuncts
-S.NO.^fj

M*ttava'tur n.m. succession; continuity

J\j being unbroken series (in tradition)
having numerous chains of narrators [A]

tava'rad n.m. sameness of theme in ver-
iJ S ses of two or more poets [A ~j)jy]

tavankh' n.f. (arch); history [A~ sino.

n.m. balance counter*
balancelj^terazSis-s iqtiiar' , n.m.

i t"ta

&h-

followers

2L

205

balance of power (A ~ tfjf]

00f\lax>a'io' n.f. entertainment hospita-
& * lity, (rare) humility (rare) politeness
OttffeZgfjitQu&'zo' se kam ' Wni v.t. be polite
show humility £jjff\)tava' zo' kafni T

show hospitality ^^y toa'^o'

entertain

ho'na v.t. be entertained [A~£p]

~\, , \lava'juq nm. agreement concord
U harmony [A~ ^j\/\
jfj tarn lid n.m. procreation [A-^j]

I 9 *

tau'am adj. twin [A]

• "tuva'na adj. .strong robust

* > powerful^j^iurana'*! n.f.

# energy strength ; power [P ~

J^i/czn]
l*jiob'ra n.m. nose-bag (of horse)

«• tau’bah n.m. repentence penitence
adjuration ; renunciation ; giving up
conversion ; reiteration of faith^y^y tau’baU
m-nasooH N.F. true repentence lp~ M jtau'bah
til'lah n.f. repentence hue and ‘cry /IrVJ?
X’ftau'beh til'lah kar'na v.t. repent beg
pardon raise a hue and cry ["jjfs/tau'bah
tor'n 3 v.t. violate one’s faith perjure

y) yjtaubah lav bah int. good gracious
’ heaven forbid ; never again
lam' bah tau'bah kar Jse kaih'na v.t. utter some
unpalatable truth in all humility £ y^/jtm'bah
tansoc'ks n.m. (cojrr. of

tau’bS-shi'kan adj. perjurer ^fyjtauba-drt •
kan i n.f. perjury (, ’l/yjtau'bak kar a' ns v.t.
cause (someone) to repent make (someone)
penitent l^Jtau'bah kar’na v.t. repent
renounce (sin, etc. ) t \£/tau'ba gah' n.f. peni-
tentiary [A]

*£•.' "taublkh ' n.f. reproach ; opprobrium ;
Ldf obloquy ^Jx/'JZaj’r-o-Umbikh' n.f. re-
buke and reproach \A)

•jtop s,r. gun ; cannon (fig,) corpu-
l« nt person J&ftop'tkl n.m. gunner ; artil-
lery man ; cannoneer ; bombardier
C 12 ^ > £) top &ala’na (or dagh'na) v.t. fire
guii or cannon cannonade^ljt^tjif

fkol'na (or dafh'na) v.t. (of gun) be fired’
top-kha'nak n.m. arsenal jittery artil-
lery llffi top’ -dam kar’ na£$£Z*g>y top it

OTi'na, iij\Js£*~tjmp‘ kt mMh itri'na v.t
blpw off with a ’cannon (A]
m jtootf&pPshaih'toat (ped. shah-) nj*. mill-
**f berry gtpjtoot'rl n.f. smaller mulberry [P]

~**to'ta (usu. but wrongly spelt 0 *j4?n.m.
v-f parrot brat ; infant with sweet prattle
cock (of matchlock) CJ to t a pal'na v.t.
keep a pampas a pet aggravate disease by
" ash'm adj. treacherous

'khrft phtr'na, cL)
tyj, jfy ff lo'le ki lar'h di'dt ba'dolna v.t.
■** •’ * ' prove

withdraw the affections from

faithless

tof>jl£,/^ijja( , [ha'tkoh ke to'te iir'na v. be
taken aback be nonplussed ; be confounded
fcjtot’la adj. (f. f) tot'li) lisping (child)

•• a « *•

0 to to' (also Jto') int. & n.f. cry to call dog

£jtoo'tl n.f. (rare but same as^^N.F. ★)

[))too'tiya n.m. blue vitriol collirium [PI

• J U>o U hatidh'na Vjj$dfjf} : j£jto'te (or
teo'ti/f) jor'na' v.t. "slander ; scanda-
lize [conn, of A CJpjf]

-JSjtausiq' n.f. confirmation verification
4*7 " ratification ; corroboration
taulq’ kar'na v.t. confirm verify
ratify ; corroborate bear (someone) out [A ~

Jen

•ttavaj'joh n.m. attention care

regard inclination ; tendency kind-
ness ; favour consideratioo i^Upytavaj' jo-
la' lab adj. worth noting ; requiring atten-
tion calling for consideration
hi tavaj'joh mabzool' katana PH. call, draw or
invite (someone's) attention [A~^y\
j taujih ' n.f. excuse explanation
tfT* notification causation ; tracing (some-
thing) to its cause descriptive roll

taujih' kar'na v.t. explain awav give as
the reason (of) [A -

A^tavah'hush n.m. shying unsociability

Jltauhid' n.f unity of God monothc*
ism ; belief in God’s unity oneness [A

y _

» to'dah n.m. mound heapJli&jt pto'da-r

khak' n.m. heap of dust (fig.) dead

human body ; corpse [PJ
M j "taurat'^/tauret' n.f, the Taurah .
Pentateuch

& tavar'ro ‘ n.f piety | A

to rah n.m. (arch.) jhenghiz Khan’s

constitution custom honour pride

ostentation prudery blandishment
sweetmeats on platters mutually exchanged by
groom and bride’s ^families (JjCijjto'ia-bah'di
n.f such exchange (ffteiJjto'rt pe'tl n.f. brag-
ging womanjli^y tfre-dar' n.m. respectable^
families receiving gifts from royal feasts
to're va'li n.f prudish woman [T]

IjJto'fiya n.m. rapesecd

0+ 0M

ijy.jtauut' n.f (same as J/jj»N.F ~k)

•• a

sjA
— 1

lau'nyak n.m concealment of real feel-
ing this as literary device [A]
to'ra N.m. shortage piece of string
a kind of ornamental chain for neck
(arch.) purse containing one thousand pounds,
etc) (arch.) match (of musket) (j If/J 4
to're-dar batidooq' n.f matchlock ; musket
>** tor'na v.t break sunder pluck

vJ* tear ; rend break into dis
continue , stop win over (from opposite
side) plough sever (ties) ^decrease
remove
v

ro'tiyah

on others live without earning own liveli
hood^jT tor n.m. remedy counteraction
counter-measure defence (against trick,
jy^jJtor' phor n.f. destruction
subversion C* jjJtor' it ra v.t. break
spoil disrupt end destroy UbjJtor'

dal'nZ v.T. break destroy pull down
ijjjft or' kar'nS v.t. counteract retaliate
Ciyjtor' Una v.t. pluck (flowers) gather
fruit win over (members of opposite party,
etc.) maro'rl n.f. (''»’ ' h*"-**

and twists Ztftftor' jor tffrjor'
tricks plottings

'rtaoaz'zo' n.m. be scattered be dis-
t/' persed [A]

n.f. rent roll descriptive roll
&JJ statement [A-»phec.]

-tos n.m. toasted slice of bread [E ~ toast

iff CORR-] ...

, jUnas'sUt n.m. good offices ke
tools' sit se PH. through ; through the good
offices of [A ~ Js^)]

“tacos' sal n.m. means mediation ^

good offices (uses of sacred bcings)^^
lavas' sol se PH. through [A ~ JU^J
_,r tau'san n.m. steed . war-horse un*
iyy broken horse gfyfitan'san-t tab" n.m.

(vul.) bursts
tor n.m. pl.

nature ability [P]

LSjtausV n.f. extension enlargement
& f prolongation ~ ^

A J‘tosh n.m. energy (only i tan-a tosh'
C'' n.m. physique robust body [P]
j£"to'shak n.f. mattress^ %^(?)'to'diai~kka‘nah
I n.m. quiet store or factory [P]

j. *i toshah n.m. provisions for a journey,

jJ — . . .V.JH ,

e'v provision _ supplies \\sJtosha-e

a'khirat, a'qibal ka loshah n.m. pro-

vision for . hereafter ; virtuous deeds
to' sha-khsnah n.m. wardrobe ; clothing store
tfVjyto'sha-dzn, d'Jj tosh' -Jan n.m. tiffin
carrier cartridge box [P]

* N '- F - praise eulogy com-

i *“— mendation [A

•' lau-zib' n.f. clarification explana-

f tion elucidation (math.) corollary
jjigfjtauzihat’ n.f. Pt. clarifications
elucidations corollaries [A~^)y]

‘itau'te'ah n.m. plot ; scheme slander

preliminary remarks repetition of
rhyme [A] .

£‘‘tavagh'(hiel n.m. skill through long
U y practice ; experience t*i

>y‘

\ji*

&

*#i

&i\

'Jtaufir' n.f increase excess and

y surplus (A~ Jpis]

"jjtauflq' n.f. divine help or guidance
i Tjr favourable turn of circumstances [A
j>"tavaq' qo tr n.f. expectation hope
trust ; relianc e£\f%\£jtavaq' q° l 8 ft' ja'nM
V.I. (of hope) end^/t )b£>£jtavaq' qU rokk’na
(or kar’nS) v.i. expect hope trust [A

. t tavaq'quf n.m. delay heritation

I stay respite suspension

tavaq'quf kar'nS v.i. delay hesitate

wait stay be suspended (A -

Jjyjtauqir' n f. veneration honour [A-

^tauqt" N.F. royal charter (A - £/>]

j/»ltaaak'kul n.m. trust in God VffykkVjffl
U* tavak'kul kar' ns (or par baitk'ni) V.I. trust
in God Jfylffia'lal- tavak'kul (col. a lot- tavak'kul)
ph. at random [A—* ZJlf}]

Qjto'la, jjfto'lah n.m. 12 ‘masha* weight

i ^•Ttavat'ta n.m. love affection , attach-
I VJ ment$ $tavaUa"l*.H. Shi’ite who does not
say tabar’ra [A - Aj oorr.J

j^lavatlUd n.m. birth nativity CjfJJ
tamd'lud he'n a v.i. be born
.•.•jld'aav^lr. weigh estimate worth, etc.
Vj(af)()jtol n.m. weight process of
weighing

«• uto^bjat n.p. trusteeship govern or-

L*%J ship supervision [A - jj]

A Jttudid'^ N.F. reproduction generation

Undid' n.p. birth control !
contraception family planning
rnmtda-t Undid’ n.m. semen [A ~j)j]

Jj tan'Uyak N.m. towel

.h*fs'mri n.f. hollow gourd a
VJ/* kind of firework projection
on crocodile’s nose [ ~ CcJ ]

.• **tovm'na v.T. card (cotton or wool) with
V finger (before combing)

fojitoo' ja'm v.i. animal abort- mis-

^cstty

I * jtot'ta n.m. hollow gourd bowl made

Y* of it guitar made of it ; gourd-guitar

trifM N.P. fresh gourd smalt gourd-guitar
/fMrf n.p, pot-bellyc£s>Wda/, JtXJtotdail apj
A f pot-bellied

fi ffiUmtt’na v.is feel very thirsty owing to

^heat

(Seat' gar adj. well-to-do rich ;

•r * wealthy opulent tffji tUcat’gari n.f.

wealth : riches opulence
-fawA'Aflm N.M. halucination fancy
p/ superstition (A ~ffj]

SHeutbiri NJ. insult disgrace con-

tempt defamation : libelcjJhffftfj

IskM'ih * adalat n.p. contempt of court K/(*rfy
tmktf kar’m v.T. insult defame dis-
mt* [A- tfj]

NiP. a kind of embroidery
M ink N.P. (usu. spelt as talk) except in
^construct phrases layer ; stratum
crease fold , surface bottom adj.
under beneath below tffytaik-e ah' adv
under watertt^i?f«'As Ufa rakh'ns v.i. keep
(clothes, etc.) intact (SjtyZtaih-bazaln n . f .
pound soit (for use of street area of self-built
■tall, etc.) ; cess levied from shopless vendors
? 4? ta.ik' he mh' adv. in layers fold on
, fold piled one over another ha

toil' kar'na v.t. fold ; pile one over another
Wefta’ua v.T. put a layer (of )XfS
latk-bakd' ,jtftaih'mad n . f . sheet use as gar-
; for lower put of body ; leg-sheet

taih pith n.m. strip of cloth worn under turban
2 tribe Ugh' kar’na v.t. put to
sword murder massacre (flfv taih jama'm
v.t. place layer upon layer taih' ’ kfa f -
nah N.M. basement cellar jby taih-dar'

adj. plaited with a bottom or basest#,?
taih'-e dil’ se adj. sincerely cordially
from the bottom of one* s heart Z taik-di'gl
n.f. pot scrapings OjJ? taih' dim v.t. add
slightly tinge fjrfitf ka zik’r taih kar

rakh'm ph. leave aside flJ’/S toi h kar'na v.t,
fold (cloth, etc.) roll (bed, etc.) / 5
OtfZtaih' ko pahuficK’nS v.t. find out #
discover get to the bottom (of) ?

taih-nashin' ho'na v.t. settle down as sediment
ytaV'h-o btfla adj. upset ; topsy-tutvy
upside down overthrown undone
destroyed ; ruined jfJ* tai’ , H-o-bala kar'm
v.t. upset overthrow ruin wiado
destroy ; ruin [P]

|». *T/Aa/>'na v.t. pat beat daub
roll dung-cakes for drying up
••thap n.f. thump beat (of dream)
^Wtka'pa n.m. mark of palm daub on
wall paw-mark n.f. pat its

sound bat beater implement for beat-

ing clay

J, n.m. tray (rare) platter (rare)
0*^ salver tftftka'la n.m. pit for planting

sapling trench round tree trunk for water-
ing base ; bottom buttocks J $ ska'll n.p.

dish fiat dish (rare) platter (rue)
salver<^%x#^#Aa'& aMa'h to sit' far
gi’re ph. be a milling crowd ka

bain’gan n.m. time-server ; turncoat cap-
ricious person

.» .**,Aam'n3 v.t. hold hold in hands
puli up (horse) prop from falling
down conceal (stolen goods) for another
retain stop arrest progress, etc. (of)
set on foot accept (earnest money,
etc.) (12) hear support , maintain (1*)
detain (15) recline (on)

/ A n.m. ft adj. (holy prophet as resi-

C/^dent of Hedjaz

/jL'to'Aaft adj. thither ; there only in PM.

la' hat adv. all over ; every-
where

.t^dian n.m. piece of (cloth) ; (doth lace,
C^etc. in) roll of standard measure , stall
(for livestock, cap. horses) stable \J9c)&
than ka far'ra ph. naughty at home but shy
outside

208

£*tk&tg v.r. hide-out (of thieves, etc.)

track of thieve* {$j(;&thshi tags' nS
v.T. trace thieves or stolen property
n.m. one in league with thieves their
chief detec'tive ^

*1 As’nah n.m. police station ( LCy Uf ths'nah
<*** biAs'nS v.T. post ; police^ tflka’nt-dar
n.m. / station house officer ; S. H. O.
Police Sub-Inspector ; jUs&ljtfdho'ta As'-
tu-dsr

i^thsh n . f . bottom (of sea, etc.) end;
*** limit; object llc&thah pains v.i. get
to the bottom (of) *

^\£tika' , l adj. one-third

kjftksp'par h.h. slap cuff „boy
buffet rebuff (i’jttj i^J^tkap'par

tags' hS (or mar'na) v.T. slap rebuff
<t %kj id&Aap 'par khs'ns (or par' na t v.t.
be slapped be rebuffed
l’{ / Jjt*a'pai*i v.t. pat lull to sleep
*7 pacify encourage instrigate^^
Aap’kt N.r. pat JiXjfi-jGf thap'ak tka'-.

pak kar salt's* v.t. pat to*nduce sleep
dup'kl dims V.T encourage ; buck up
instigate

\j 2 **p;nnvA. be daubed be imputed

I up * ” • WV 11

/**£ Aa/y'ra n.m. buffet (of bellow)

or blast fof winrli

•„ tah&V (or taih-) n.f. civilization
etiquette manners politeness ;

courtesy polish ; refinement instruction ;

education discipline culture (rare)

priming (rare) editing4)fl#j<£y<flA?J'A-*
akhlaq' K.F. instruction in* manners
moral edification Zi^xm^jjftah&b'-ysftah adj.
cultured ; polished polite ; courteous [A]
ith'rs adj. (f. icji uh'ri) triple ; three-fold

"[-cfi

.“f'jfthjirrs'na v.i. tremble : shudder
shake; quiver quake Aar' tiara' ns

v.i. __ vibrate shake shiver quake
*fyj/$Aar'thara'hal,(jffifctkar'thtiTl n.f.
vibration shivering quivering tremb-
ling tremor awe fear

\*f%Ai' rakna v.i. walk with dalliance
/ belly-dance dance with sexy gestures
./5 ta h' T l>(/y7tt>ta‘hi r i n.f. rice cooked in left
over stew, etc.

fk/f ika’rs n.m. (dial.) shopkeeper’s seat

b** a -

i.^ftkur'nsv.i. decrease result in shoct-

or blast (of wind)

~Jfltkaiiar adj. & n.m. seventy-three^)

V* Uhat'tarvan adj. seventy-third
C^gjjtkUtkar'ns v.i. pooh pooh, scorn

exorcise emit sound of spitting for
either purpore j&#tkutksr' n.f. sound of
spitting ^(^/Aurta’rl n.f. (dial) harridan ;
vixen jfj^tkutks'ripia ji.r. p u (dial.)

slippers. fetters k\Zf Sf A*Aa'ns v.t. pout
tkitks’ns ph. pout one’s lips
•ptahaj"jUd n.m. supererogatory prayers in
^ „early hours of morning [A]
fP" togv'jl n.f. orthography spelling
V (f"C fjS'huroof-e tahaj'jl n.m. alphabet ;
letters of the alphabet [A- tf]

Li&r^ Ask’ Auks' 'ns v.t. hate ; despise
express dislike by emmitting spitting
sound emit such sound for driving away
evil [doublet of

•J tahdid' (or taih-) n.f. holding a threat ;

4 ■ threatening threat menace [A]

*1 tah' diyak (or taih') n.m. presentation
H- present [A ~ tf)

• ,g •

reproached by all Oy>tkur-di'ls adj. mean

5 tax' has nai'has adj. ruined ; des-

U U royed ; ransacked
Aar nai'has kar'ns v.t. ruin ; destroy
lai"has nai'has ho' ns v.i. be ruined; be destroy-
ed .

tk.uk' ksfati'hati n.f. taunt*
y •* “^disgrace

v.i. tire ; be tired be fatigt*
*^ed be exhausted fag away be led
up Ifi? Aiks adj. tired : fatigued ex-
hausted ; fagged ks oatf*

sat s"t ko takts hoi prov^ to seek solace one
turns homeward bail N>M

sluggard vateran outliving his utility
tha'ks mstx'dah adj. tired; worn-out,^
iha'kan^j^lhaks'vat.^laksn' n.f. tired-

ness fag : fatigue ; exhaustion weeking
Asks' ns v.t. tire ; fatigue weary ; fag
harass j,-

i gtfAJg’li.JZrAeg'Ii n.f. patch thig'-

0 1* lagans V.T. put up a patch

ssmsn' mth ikig'li lags' na v.i. be much too
clever ; be \ ery mischievous
Lethal n.m. land desert wltarfj^j^
*' tkoi be'ra n.m wharf trace {ot)ij*

209

0^f}f.thol he'ra lag-'ns v.l. achiovo-aim
lethal' btra ma’loom hen a v.! know {one's
bearings thal' thafkor'na v i he flabby

/*tah'lukah (col. tai'Halka) n.m. panic
stir (rare) death ; perdition (ped.)
mortal being i\£j&.tah'lukah madia na v.t.

create a Stir * cause a panic [A~ Jfy]
tJ/lahlil' n.m. declaration of God’s uni'y by
pronouncing Ma ilaha iliallah, [A]
jftham n.m. pillar • column post ; prop
ft* plantain stem

ttJfloh'mat n.f. imputation , aspersion
calumny , Jf'J'is*'*' loh'mat kt ja'gah
n.f. house or place of ill-repute
flf) l ) loh’mat bahdkna (or dharjta or laga’na)
v.t. “ slander , calumniate toh'maCi adj.
slandering (person) n.m slanderer ; calumni-
atorj A]

^ytth’m-tan adj. stout; strongly built (person)

*? taih'mad'N^./U. same as v ^v»'n.f./m. (see
under Zir)

^jdtkam'na __ v.t. stop , come to stop
case i'l^thamana v.t. cause to hold
give stop

^l^than n.m. udder , teat , dug ; pap

M^/tah'myat (or taiht') n.f. congratulation
“ greetings good wishes [A]

•\tkoo, yk thoo' thoo n.f. sound of spit-
T *' ting hatred [ono]
fitkoo'a n.m. heap of clav

~tailwar’, j^yiu'ohat’ n.m. festival
J Jr' festive occasion

jh^ t ^ obra N M (joc or iron) mouth . snout

*\ ihop na v.t. daub plaster impute

f ilzam (etc.) ki'sike
'sir' tHop'na v.t. by the blame at someone’s
door

snout hollowness cavity

iTJjAt )thz n.m. ADJ. hollow vain

* nonsensical n.m. blunt or pointless

.missile (blue) vitriol \£yd tho’tha

th& na bajt gha'ita prov. empty vessels make
much noise ; barking dogs seldom bite

n.f. animal’s pointed mouth
* (joc. or iron.) human face ; mouth
jff lahav’ vvr n.m. rashness intrepidity

^temerity (A)
thoor’ N.F. (dli

thoor' na v.t.

^J^ thoor' n.f. (dial.) salinity

beat devour

sS thoor thar kar
.b’ytho'ra ADJ. (?.{£<¥ Ao'ri) less a little

'jSr a few meagre scanty \jyk\jtfk
tho'ra tho'ra adv. little - by little tho'ra

ha' hut adj. a little whatever is easily
possible adv. more or less ; somewhat v/lJjP
tho'ra kar'na v.t. decrease; reduce; lessen
tho'ra ho'na v.i. be decrease ; be reduced •
be in short supply dZ. ( j) > ^ J /ktho'n dine* st
adv. of late /*ijx tho're se tho'ra adj.
very little > the least ; the minimum possi-
ble

Jj* thook n.m. (see under t^v.T at i. *)

fjjthok n.m. wholesale (JjftJj&tkok'-fing
n.m. wholesaler

.faihook'nax. T..& i. spit spit at . des-
Uj* pise reproach thook n.m. spittle
VoJjkthook' de'na v.t, cool down (one’s
anger) renounce-in disgust
kar diot! na v.t. withdraw one’s* gift go

back on one’s word C&Jfitheok’ laga’na v.t.
(vul.) humiliate defeat play a trick
on

(jfdlhoo'li n.f. sweet porridge
^rthoo'id n.f. prop
jfjtftho’har n.m. cactus

s£lhai”t n.f. pile (of loaves) heap of
(j clothes)

sjgs'gtha"* lha'i n.f. timing beat in mttttc
(? or dance dance and music
j/Jfthi'e'tar n.m. theatre; playhouse; show
y^place [E]

(arch.) Tor (with genitive)

5ubi' adj. empty void vain
v lebi'-dast' adj. poor ; indigent empty-

foolish

handed '£,L)(y tthi'-dimafji' adj
ignorant paih'loe-ub! kar’na

v.t. dodge ; evade ; abstain (from) [P— J?]

%thai'la n.m. briefcase haversack
bag thai'la kar dt'ia v.t. beat

mercilessly fifflhai'li n.f. purse pouch
(jj&thyoo ri n.m. theory (El

210

1

5>tahiy yah n.m. resolve ; determination

arrangements (for) preparations
iahiy'yah kar'nS v.t. resolve make pre-
parations (for) [A]

j^(rare j[f) layySr' adj. ready set to
“ prepared (of fruit) ripe (of work)
complete fat ; plump (of wrestler) in full

vigour trained layySr' kar'ns v.t.

make or get ready prepare (for) complete
train fatten ripen I’rfj Ls tayyar' ho’ ns
v.i. be ready be prepared (for) be
complete be fattened be in full vigour
ripcifj&layya'ri n.f. readiness prepara-
tion final touches fatness ^

ffctaySg'nS renounce ; abandon jlflayag'
n.m. renunciation Jlf taya'gi n.m. (dial.)
ascetic ; recluse ; hermit [S]

£%up'fbi n.f. basting ; tack adj. flimsy
Cyf short-lived (marriage, etc.)

*ba'tar n.m. partridge^t^ ban-li'laf n.m.
/" sandgrouse (f/fti't'n) (fyjPlit’ri) n.f.
female partridge (also Jftit'li) butterfly
"i 1 a' (} int. cry to rally domestic fowl ; call
y^tohens

tgtt'ja n.m. (dial.) funeral rites on third day
* “after death [doublet of f-f. ]

•• l/f£tej'-pst NM * leaf of lawas cassica(used
‘“''vC? as spice) ■ \ <#& .

5(tr n.m. arrow dart
(rare) (also ib/idr'-maK) fourth
month of Persian calendar Jf , — x

tfr-altdaz', i^jgtir'-zan n.m. archer ; Bowman
(fj Ufe a'r-atds'zl, ‘fcjgltr'-za'tA n.f. archery
tir'-ba ha' daf adj. efficacious

hitting** the nail on the head (L'fbfj
ar' pkehk'na (or dials' na) V.t. shoot an arrow ;
do something wonderful fyjj!/ (/£)(&) tars' zoo
ko'n 3 v.t. (of arrow) transfix body and stay
there CJ> U^fflr si lag'na v.y. cut to the quick
r-efa'lak n.m. (planet) mercury
Itr' kar’ns v.t. pilfer cause to end or
disappear swiftly pass (life days, ctc.)^*//?
S—f’tlr' kav've Hr* PH. take flight 1‘jfetir'
mar'na v.t. shoot an arrow accomplish
something extraordinary IP]

^Stt'rs PRON. they thine

fctairsk' n.m. & adj fig tabs' ki n.f. (see
under v.i. ir)

l» ••tair'ns Swim float <Jjg tairsk' n.m.
^ WNxaaaer g^J^i 3 (^J^taitak' In doob'tihai

proV. pride goeth before a fall even
skilled people are likely to suffer through care-
lessness Cj/j^tairs'ns, ty/lirs'ns v.t. cause to
swim j set afloat

52 It rath n.f. Hindu pilgrimage centre tyxig

" Wrath, yst'rs n.f. (dial.) pilgrimage [S]

te'rah adj. & n.m. thirteen (fjZ} fte'rah te'zi
y* (i/fQjtU'rah te'zi n.m. first thirteen days of
Safar regarded as inauspicious owing to the
Holy Prophet’s illness Jlj^fter' havan adj. thir
teenth

•* ti'rah adj. dark; gloomy gjfeti'ra-bflkh'i,
/C jjJ°£ a ' ra r °Z J&JJtg 11 ’™ r oz-gar’ adj. un-
lucky ; unfortunate (f? ti'ra-bakh' ti, (fj)Jag
ti’ra-ro'zi n.f. ill-luck; misfortune Itragi
N.f. darkness obscurity [P]

•Jlez ADJ. swift sharp pointed

/* keen pungent caustic strong violent

clever (of price) up ; high ; soaring
whetted jfyfetez-parvsz' adj. swift in flight
(f-fjflez-das'il n.f. cleverness (j 0>A)fjy?ttz'-rau
{or -raf 1st) adj. fast swift fleet-footed

{(SMil)$yZtez'-ra'vi (or rafts' ri) n.f. speed;
swiftness gfetez-tab’! adj. shrewd she-
wish quarrelsome ^ y^tezfaih' m adj. intelli-
gent sharp-witted (jrfetez-faih'tril n.f.

quickness of apprehension ; intelligence ;
acumen ; acuteness ; aptness 1‘jfe tez' kar’ns.
v.t. sharpen what speed up make
clever or skilled ftffelez-gam' adj. swift (fife
tez-ga'm n.f. swi ftness tez-nigsh'^ ADJ.
sharp-sighted sharp-witted tez' ho'na

v.i. be speeded up be sharpened' be
whetted become skilled or clever be
enraged ; fly into passion^vV-jl' n.f. swift-
ness speed sharpness acrimony
violence [P]

t.ltezab’ n.m. acid ‘aqua fortis’ [P ~ jg

"JC+Ji]

Cits adj. & n.m. thirty JtyUtU'vSIi adj.
</* thirtieth tf)(X>£&{mahi'ne ke) tl'soh din „
ph, throughout**the month everydayjt^/J
^1 ids' msr khan' n.m. lucky sluggard

(iron.) brave guy

•‘lai'ss n.m. such person adj. such ; like that
»■* adv. in that manner ^ oi'st

(or jai'se) ko lai'ss ph. tit of tat .

I Ztis'rs adj. third
/<• afikjiofi men thik’ra PROV. intruder (esp.
loving couple’s affairs )^yg?,tls re adv. thirdly
S» pe'shah n.m. axe : adze IP]

211

&

JZ

Ip/egfc n.f. sword iJafgf tegh’ ba-kaf adj. &
& adv. sword in hand bent upon killing
{£>$ ~ ian N M - swordsman $J&Jtgh'za'td
N.F. swordsmanship fencing [P]

U^V*|ha n.m. short broad scimitar
** \;J\gtt'ghah, bar'ns V T - c,ose ( doorwa y»
arch, etc.) with bricks [P~prec.]

layaq'qan n.m. certainty ascertain-
ment [A~ J&]

iCpti'kka adj. pointed sharp graceful
curt { J^ J //t\kha : pan n.m. sharpness
curtness grace

L?t el n.m. oil charha'na v.T. anoint,

bride and groom an wedding ritual
J tel' dsl'ns (or lags na T. anoint rub
oil tf’Jftnit' ti ka Jtd, n.m. kerosine oii ;
gasolene j \&) te ^ ' dekko tel' ki

dkar' de'kho PROV. see which way wind blows
(fZte'li n.m. oilman oil crustjer (jyffi
It' It lanbo'lt n.m. low classes i)j Yf?
JZ-te'lt ka tel' j ale mash' l alchi ki jsn' (etc.)
fa It ph. be over-sol icitous^ for something
tel'n n.f. small oil pot^f he' lan n.f. wife of
teli Lk? te'hy a adj. oily greasy (of
colour) dark

.4 ( |V ti'mar-dar n.m. person attending a
J patient n.f. nurse tfjljjl£timar'-dan

n.f. attending a patient nursing [P]

^^tayam'mim n.m. dry ablutions [A]

0*

J* tayam'mun n.m. blessing benediction
4/ ** auspiciousness

JO tin adj. three 9/Z sitin' ter' ah dispersed

scattered ti'n-te'rah kar'ns ptr.

scatter cast to the winds disperse
tin' -te' rah ho' ns ph. disperse &r Citin' -punch' "
quarrel contention faintin' -pahch’ kar'ns

ph. quarrel contend &S$if)(paT) tin har'f

adj. curse (on)

jr^lem'hs ADJ. & N.M. forty three /Ji
U ^TJaMalisvah ADj.forty-tliird
lj*£^tetitis adj. & n.m. 1 thirty-three
*■' ** teh'tisvaft adj. thirty-third

•y teti'doo n.m. a kind of tree whose leaves
are used in ‘bidi’ manufacture ; tendu
its leaf or flower

,} 1 *y tetl 'du. , a leopard like animal legen-
’ -'*'•* dary forcious sea animal small melon-
like fruit for animals

JZ te'var n.m. visage countenance ex-
pression on face (glowering) look

(^.b^O^jj^tt’var ba'dal'ns (or phtr’ns) v.i.
change countenance glower ; scowl

change attitude (to) ^ S ar .~

ns (or ph.ir'ns) v.i... glower ■ ’scowl with

hold affection (fjJ, Cte'ort n.f. frown

scowl p o r i mett bal dal'naX\»Q^j/..
te'o'ri (harks' n a v.T. frown ; scowl knit the
brow show displeasures
* t Ji le' ota ns v.T. faint be giddy
t stagger

Jtf te’ohsr' n.m. (same as j\yf n.m. -if)

i 0* *

irf'tc'hs n.m. anger passion pride

/*•

j^le"is adj. & n.m. twenty three (Jij'h te"-
** ** i svaii adj. twenty-third

NXXMUOOooueuqi

LI

(horse’s) tramp
(person) with
(something)

i»a»oa«

te (also called ta-e Hindi) fifth letter of
Urdu alphabet (equivalent to English word
represented as) (in jummal variant for £>
and equivalent to) 200

i* lap n.f. (horse’s) hoof

V of hoof tap' -da r adj.

disproportionately thick head
tapering backwards

^ ^ ta ps n.m. hen-coop bamboo frame
-• for catching fish muslin-covered cradle-
cover a kind of boat sugar-cane field
i* ^ tap' ns v.i. leap over (wall etc.) (of

*y* horse, etc.) paw beat time with feet
try unsuccessfully feel-happy be impatient;
be restless ; be fidgety wait impatiently
search in vain to' ( i kar'ns v.t.

search impatiently 'repair leaking roofs etc,
(of house)

Ilf tap' 00 N.M.

island islet

^j*tat n.m. Hessian sackcloth seat at
V ^ shoes counter green gramli^ffaj'e'/atna v.i.

(of business) close (or be closed) down be-
come bankrupt ufbJzftSf'-baf n.m. shoe-Cm-
broiderer fyif/ftat'-ba'fi n.m. shoe-embroidery ;
embroidery of shoe uppers with gold, etc. thread
L’jz'j l iXi" tat' bs’Jijoo'ta n.m. embroidered shoe
jh fta rs tok adv. (weighing) exactly adj.
exact

iidji n.f. toffee [E]

JJ

u*

212

IPS

n.f. firewood shop
.0" stack; rick bell for'
animal's neck n.f.

such small bell

• .ftzYna v.t. shilly-shally ; dilly-dally ; put

V* off dodge ; evade prevaricate put
up lame excuses get rid of thus send away
tipfjlftal’ motel' n.f. shilly-shallying ; dilly-
dallying ; putting off dodging ; evasion

Prevarication {^/(Jy^jl^taY matol' kar'nz v.l.
delay shill-shally ; dilly-dally ; put off
dodge evade Dtfta'lstftyfia'la bn' la n.m.
shilly-shallying putting off evasion l,'

ja'/a ba'la bata'na v.t. dodge ; evade make
excuses put off ; delay

• ^ > /.^ta'mak to’’iye mar’na v.i. fumble

or grope (in the dark) hazard a
follow mere conjecture

J l ta'jw n.m. tyre [E]

guess touow mere conjecture f .

^ •f'tafrt n.f. skull ; crown ; pate i (*^r } ) L l h

L^^takt khuja'na (or kkijla'na v.t. (vul.).,
invite trouble scratch one’s head
taA? gak’jiho’na v.i. (vul.) have a shoe beat-
ing grow bald

a, adj. strong ; stout

n.f. inside gallery (used as store-
A * room etc.) scaffolding
b, flak' da N.m. (arch.) merchandize family

bag and baggage : caravan tak'da
CJtjCtflad'na v.i. pack up • be ready to leave
Jctv* n.f. quarter ‘tola’

Uh *a'nik n -F. tonic [E]

sAf}akk'na v.T. tadc sew ; stitch put on :

^ * join to cobble solder annex
add submit (petition; etc.) write down^’g*
toltka n.m. stitch patch solder (rainwater)
reservoirJJ^y^^^Jyl^Vfan'ka (or tak’ke u'dhorna
v.i. open out at stitches (of character) be
exposed^|^)(^u* ka (or tan' ke) udker'na v.t.
unstich expose^f/^l^rfaft'ia bkar'na v.t.
sew stitch LCr’jy&J&Vtali'ka.tooi'na (or
kJpd'na) v.t. be unstitched open out a
stiches be exposed I (Itffian'ka laga'na v.t.
tack sew stitch solder fitfiak’ki n.f.

square piece cut out of whole melon to exa-
quality a kind of venereal ulcer
chisel {y^ffatikl lag'na v.i. (of melon)
be examined thus

n-f. legLlJu^/fpbg' Btka'na v.i.
twi** raise the leg W ara'na v.t. meddle; | il/^^tap’ tap gir'

pop one’s nose in others’ affairs jyy^J^takg’
bara'bar adj. (of child) smalli Hg^*; f fiate’
ta'le st nikal’ naO^'H'^i^Ctaiig’ ki rah nikal'na
v.t. (vul.) subdue persuade to yield
t&iZ'tafig' ta'le se ni'kalna,tf‘ t \j${Jx\aitg ki rah'
ni' l kalna v.i. submit yield
tor'na v.t. dabble fin) render ineffective
write shoddy (verse, etc.;) break tKe leg 4- $i >

[pjtafig toot'na (of leg) be broken (of verse,
etc.) be shoddy (,*(£( /&J^dl&C’ta1ig' se tang
bahdk' kar bithanz v.t. not to allow to leave
or move seat (someone) (beside one tfjfrlftatig'
le'na v.t, (of dog) seize (someone’^ leg) to
bite stop with force C&tJzCtati geh uthz’na
v t. raise (ope’s, etc.) legs (vul.) copulate
iyield OfejjifVtak'gtk raih' jana v.i.be too tired
to walk any further

(2'lftaltg'na, i>i^lfiakg' de'na^^jftahg le
hang up implicate

t m */'\?ta"ip N.m. type kind
** Ji/h ^ i b t a”ip ra"itar n.m.
typewriter' ipist n.f.

typist [E] *

i ’ta‘ital n.m. title [E]

«

M.

C v ta"im (corr. faim) n.m. time }a"
pees n.f. alarm clock ta’bal n.

time-table ; schedule [Ek>
yfta’un n.f. town jfyb l£a"un kame'ti n.f.
(?) “ town committee haV n.m

Town Hall [E]

*£J \fta”l n.f. necktie [~E]

i.\ ?l b jffta”ik ta’’ik fish' pk. flop bluff
CTaU> that has been called ; mere brag
tab n.m. tub [E]

* j,

(y ttb'ba n.m (rare) sand dune
* Jr

tm0 / > tap n.m. tonga shade ; tonga bonnet

*'

I > lap’ pa n.m. name of a (musical) mode

range (of bullet, etc.) distance
tack (dial.) post office small administra-
tive sub-division ((/j 1 1 t a P'P s bkar'na

(or dal'na or mar'na) v.i ~ tack advance
unmethodically t s P‘ P 3 hha'na v.t. (of ball,

bullet, etc.) rebound* M ,

C Lr^T taptapa’na v.i. , trickle patter
tap n.f. patter (of raindrops) trickle (of tears)
na v.t, . (of rain) patter

213

(of tears) trickle

tip' pas n.f. access connection b

V* contrivance (old use) foundation^

( lj fifl tip’ pas lars'ns (or lags' na
or jams'ns ) v.i. * seek access (to) contrive
to profit from (arch.) lay foundation
• /Pta'paknavA. drip trickle leak

’'"v (of fruit) drop par' ns v.t.

leak drip drop ^/tajt'ks n.m. continuous
leaking (of roof, etc.) continuous dripping
fall of mellow fruit mango ripening on
tree \;%.$jtap'ks par’ ns v.i. be too evident
■tap’ks iap ki n.f. trickling dropping* of
ripe fruit one after another deaths one after
the other \$ l^tap’ks lag' ns v t. become
leaky (of ripe mangoes) drop continuously
from tree I'^tapkans v.t. cause to drip ;

cause to trickle cause to drop ftfstapka ’o
n.m. dripping tap'ki n.f. coquetry ^jiplap'ki
par'ns v.i. be conquetish • ’

tjijiptaypooit'jiya adj. petty trader <
haying small capital
ifta.t'tar n.m. large screen serving as door

iJ&W'Toon took' n.m. (dove’s) coo adj.
U^U-y all alone ; forlorn j, b

N-F - ( usu - bald) pate

Vs tat'ii gaft'ji hojs’ns v.i. have a good (shoe)
beating

i* j/^ titkar’ns (Ijl? titkhsr'ns) v.t. clack tongue
to urge animal on ifjH&'titks’rl n.f. clack
of tongue to urge animal on
if tat' too n.m. (F.'tflp’tatvs'm)
f pony ' h undersized horse (f.
mare) f'lf^-LUbhs’re ks taftoo adj A?P^Y>s( 1|
hired pony mercenary ; 4L \ y ~M

hiregling

•.bfjiatol'na v.T. grope search or examine
by feeling : feel Jy^tatol’ n.f. groping
feeling search sounding

if tat' ti n.f. thatched screen matted
if shutter light (wooden, etc.) framework

•'jat'jl lags' ns v.i. fence

screen

>>

.y^ap ' ri n.f. sandpiper raid’s play-

Q/Z thing emitting sound $
ha! hilt utfi'ri se a smsn tka'me-gS prov. where*
fore this brag

da n.m. rake scoundrel ;

V guard adj . mean worthless
l/lftikh'khs ss adv. (of opened eyes) fully

•5 •ftikh’tikh, i^ljftik' tik n.f. & int. call
<i/Wto horse, bullock etc. to go on ; go, go
Sftakh'nah, takhna n.m. ankle

<iftid'da n.f, grasshopper ; cicala ;

* cigala ; cicada

n.f. locust dal N.M.

locust swarm

ftar n.f. croak (of frog) chatter Silly

* talk fare held on day next to Eid ; post-
Eid fare \j>tar'ra adj. garrulous naughty
)/ tar' -tar n.f. chatter silly talk f
tar' -tar kar'ns v.i. croak chatter ; talk
rudely tftar’ra adj. chattering talkative;
garrulous quarrelsome proud

|* *lftarsm ', ^ jtaraim ' n.f. tram [E]

.*( k tartans, v.t. chatter, murmur; talk
rudely

tar sfts' port n.f. transport [E]
tir'phis n.f. impudence sullenness

Llpy tarkhs’na, [if/ tarks'ns v.i. work cate-

' * lessly or perfunctorily prevaricate^*'
tar’khal; fftarkho n.F. silly woman
hag t

^ ytarafik ’ n.m. sted trunk ; box [E]

if wed' n.m, trade tated' mark n.m.

'v^trade mark [E] **

fjjr/t are' dal n.f. treadle printing press [E]

ijjJ/tare’zha rl n.f. treasury [E]

{ _^ijtarai’fik n.f. traffic [E]

jftarm f N«f. railway train vf^/tarert, kar’ns
v.t. train ^JJwtn' ho' ns v.i. be trained
yatbd' adj.** trained having a
teacher’s diploma i^J&ftare'mng n.f.

training [E]

^flyisas n.f. tussore ; tusser : tussur

Ajyi'sar ma'sar n.f. shillyshallying ;
Sjr putting off prevarication hesita-
tion

j, h tas' se mas' na ho’ ns v.i
not to be moved at all

not to change

<a

fa'sakns v.i. move go away

tu'sakr, ta v.i. sob cry

c£'

^Jti’sve n.m. crocodile tears iLe^j^tis’ve
•y bahs'na v.i. shed corcodile tears
(jf'ti'fan n.m. tiffin [Anglo-Pakistani E]

(obs.) adv. for a while; for a moment;
a little while adj. a little Ur l/y
ji >3 to Aya >«>a ph. a little rest'brings'no relief
/fta'ks n.m. old coin worth 1/32 rupee
(fig.) pelf />as' na ho'n a^

v.i. be penniless have no mone
\a'keksa'da^i n.m. mean person
ta'ke Jti auqst n.f. low status
ta fa gac At 4a/ dial' ns v.i. lead a simple life
J3 javsb' de'na v.t. refuse

pointblank

y^Hika’na v.t. lodge (someone) fix
» (someone) up lay on beat ; give
(slap, etc.)5(^*tAa”o n.m. stability ; firmness
^ Ati'ka t n.m. ticket (postage) stamp

judicial stamp label kat

tigs' pah kar'ns v.i. affix stamps (to); stamp
jtjiS’ti'kat-gkar n.m. booking office £E]

/> /frtiA'tiA n.f. tick ; sound of
clock, watch, etc. [E]

6y\ik'tiki n.m. stare steadfast
{j to gaze tripod which crimi-

nals are tied for being flogged (

C&bj tik-tiki bstdk'ni (or lags' ns) v.i. stare,^

(at) regard with a fixed lookt^Jt^-J^^
tik'titi se bstidk'ns v.t. tie to the tripod for
flogging

fbyik’kar n.f. butt collision antagon-
f ism revalry encounter competition
Vflrfki tak'kar ka adj. match tor^jr tak'kar
tta'na v. stumble bump against collate
with ^ vie (with) fti’J^ftak'kar lars'ns v.t.
butt tak'kar lags’ na v.t. dash against
collide with {yd ^tak'kar lag'na v.i.
be injured in collision knock against
Vjlrffyak'kar msr'ns v.i. but strive ; en-
deavour say (one’s) prayers perfunctorily or
too quickly y^jf/J/bara'bar ki tak'kar ka adj.
equally piiatched ; equally good
polar se tak'kar le'ni v.i. fight against heavy
odds [ ~ FQLL.]

.*j /fcfaAra'ira v.i. clash bring into colli-
si on clang butt j^takra’a n.m.

clftib

l« / /b /t> tU’kar tU'kar dtkk'ns v.t. look

> wistfully look eagerly give

(someone) a surprised look gaze despon-
dently fa (i^iX^j/^'kar tu'kar

(or tUk ' tuk) di’dam dam na kashi'dam. ph. look-
ed wistfully without daring to speak
b£*tik'kar n.m. thick hard cake

^/btUk'ra n.m.
tion bit

piece portion frao
bit slice- morsel li’ li-
hood excerpt tuk'ar gads' n.m. beggar
($» : uk’ra mafig'ns v.i. beg alms

eftahd ka tuk'ra adj. exquisitely beautiful per-
son ; a charming creature ^^(Ji/Auk'roii par
par' ns v.t. be dependent (on) ^JlPZJjVtJik'r*

in

tuA; re adv. disjointed piecemeal
pieces t ‘/e£pdJstuk're tuk' re kar'ns v.i.
cleave hack to pieces I’/t^tUk're kar'ns
v.T; divide share cut into pieces
tuk ri n.f. detachment group ; company
flock (of pigeons) piece (of glass or
mirror) tuk'kar n.m. hard overbaked bread
Ji&taksal' n.f. mintyfl Ji/'iakssl' bs'har
w adj. base ; furious ; counterfeit
unidiomatic (words) unchaste language
fcZtaksal' gftarA'na v.t. bear the mint stamp
be judged for its worrh be perfect be
rude ^{J^takss'li adj. of mint minted
pure : chaste ^bj^l^takss'li zaban' n.f.
idiomatic language chaste phraseology^
taksa'liyoh N m. mintmaster
U/tik'li n.f. wafer small bread
0 pendent for forehead

'na v.i. rest tarry stay put

~ im

tak'na, \i&tatik'na v.i. be tacked (of
file) have points sharpened
tytak'vs n.m. chopper chopping-wheel

Ac akor n.f. fomentation sound of

drum takor' kar'ns v.i. foment
\j^tako'ra n.m. beat of drum

'Atokya'i, takbytf't n.f. low-class

harlot [~

/ftik’ys Jfiik'yah n.f. tablet (of medicine)
If cake (of soap) wafer small, bread
^jj>^>ti7«7a'na v.i. have loose bowels

'ptU'lakna v.i;
(fig.) die

move with feeble steps

215

1 i tat n.f. tale talk , boast al'ldi

T> mar'na v.r. boast ; brag
f til' lam adj. nonsense silly

gLtat'Mifcjftal' jam v.t. get out of the
.way withdraw vanish flinch ,
shrink hom^tala na v.t. get rid
of dodge ; evade prevaricate
Kty tam-tam n.f. tandem [ ~ E
\\ cork. ]

‘rftimakh, Jlftimak' n.m. (dial.) female
O'* vanity tawdriness[ ~ A£,Ijcorr.]
y'.fy tamprt'cjtar n.m. temperature [E]

. ^timtima'na V.t. (of light) (of star)
twinkle (of life) flicker ; be at the last
timtima’hm n.f. flicker , glimmer

twinkle

tfuut n.m. pride sense of dignity

jj/t an n.m. ton [E]

Jr

(Jr ttt'na, Jl/ta’rflk n.m. clitoris

*j|<w tan' n.f. ring (of bell) chime (of
U& clock)

n.m. quarrel brawl : wrangle
trouble U, fib* tali’ te-baz n.m. brawler
,J ts^ adj. very little C\*j fe l^dt tars' na

6

v.t. stan from scratch win by slow

degrees

n.m.

stump of arm stump of tree

iJ’Aflfr'da adj. (f. handless

having chopped hands _ b
.Kitin’ da n . m . (usu. pl. a i^’tin'de) a wcll-
known vegetable
Jjtfiaitidar n.m. tender [El

ijj&l&td'ra n.m. the Tundras [E]

I b^yaitidvat n.f peg in wall of room with
J ^ which to tie a sheet to serve as ceiling
(,* t/J}anksr'ni v.t. pull (string) to test taut-
■^“ness tap (crockery, etc.) to see if it is
tracked

Cjffitaligar'na v.t. eat little by little

/ fc*tatig'rl n.f. (leg )Clj , /(f}&taiig'n par at ana

'*r > v.t. trip (adversary^ I ~ ^Ctaiig]

'/K

..fctabgna v.t. be hung n.m. clothes-line [ ~

hat

hood

gun-

^cap OyTijy to'pt uehhal'na v.t. jump
with joy 'disgrace (someone) publicity
slander banttooq' n.f. match-
lock top’ n.m" hat hood helmet
thimbie^J^ran-cop' n.m. cap that can be
drawn down to cover ears lj/ to' pa n.m.
tack quilted cap

to'iit n.m. (arch, or dial.) loss . damage
\>J candle-enddvriyL'^t $to’ta at Ka'na (or

saih'na) v.t. incur loss^^ L w'ta bh-ar'na
(or de'na) v.t. indemniFy make repara-
tions C%\?Jto'ta par'na v.i. incur loss
y M tot' too n.m. a kind of small turtle-dove
}J * ADJ. fool \s>}5jtt0t'r00 SB ADJ. lovely ;
solitary ; forlorn foolish
,yJ>ytot'ka n.m. ' charm . spell quack
W na *AY%\g)yn-UJm-'.l n.f. & adj.
(woman) resorting to spells . witch
bhtoot’na v.i. break; be broken.- be smashed
l d 3 be fractured be cut off . be separated

dissociate rush ujson sa<!y forth
(of body) be feverish fall dow n befall
(of ablution) stand in need of renewal
(of price) be slashed come down be pluck-
ed (13) snap toot n.f. breach coolness
(in friendshipJtij^^j) to»t ’-pkoot n.f. break-
age wear and’ tear fracture I'b^jtoot
js'na v.i. break ; be broken snap be
smashed {toot) kar ba'rasna v.i
rain cats and dogs toot' par'na v.t.
rush (upon) fall avidly upon too' tii adj

broken fy^ijytoota phoo'ta adj. in a state

of bad repair damaged broken to pieces
demolished
to'dl n.m. toady [E]

t miyait ki to dl N.r. name ol

V** a musical mode

\jj) to'ra n.m. (in tip-cat) hit

t>

toor'namaln h.m tournament (El

(jjJt o ri N - M - * ory I®!

/ftok'ra n.m. basket (j/iyokri n.f small
U Jr basket l') 0 ijJPy>k'ri dho'na v i engage in
very low kind of labour
,.(ftok'nd v.t. check prevent challenge

*'■' object cavil tok n.f. check
challenge cavilling influence of an evil

eye tok'-tak n.f. objections

Jy

216

jjjlol N.M. toll [E]

Jjtacil' n.f. twill [E]

foo’lah. If) tola n.m, band clique
quarter of town inhabited by one trade ; a
large pebble $ to’li n.f. band Clique
small group

j>L toom ' dikal'la n.m. petty ornament

> trinkets „

..k. ta’na n.m. charm witchcraft fc/iy
•Jr to'«a kar'wa v.T. cast evil o' tie*

butt n.m. enchanter ; charmer $ {$ fon'hs't n.f.
& adj. (woman) resorting to spells ; witch

N.F. spout sugar-cane root left
y 1 ' in earth for regrowth [fj^tf^tok'n-vala
to' fa n.m. ewer

sKjfooh'fl tf&tuA’di n.f. navel thicker

■"■^end (of carrot, radish, etc.)

v.T. (same as v.t. *)

inn

ns v.t. feel search

grope

i 3 sound be on the lookout (for) to A
N.F. search spying watching secretly
tracing (,*{$, £toA' logs’ ns v.t. watch
secretly trace be on the look-out (for)
kj^ffca'tar n.m. lattice such framework
' for illuminations dove-cote
i» . Kfkatk^ljithat n.m. (usu. pl.) splendour
pomp and show dignity decora-

tion elegance equipage bamboo frame
lor thatching name of a fencing trick
(pigeon’s) joyful flutterP^l thatk. bntdk'na
v.t. prepare frame for thatch (of fencers
stand at ready I i^i^L^L^sob tiat %! pa'ra

raUtja'tiavj. (of dying person) quit all bclong-

with great pomp

i. /ljtia’'eft Aa'’rtN.F. reports of shot-gun
Mu.v± tc fU'A ho’m

v.i. (of shotguns) be fired i'J^?iirj*J&fka”et
tha 'eft kar’na v.r. quarrel : brawl " clash
lONO.] „

^fkafpeh, Lfdutp’pa n.m. pattern
mould *die stamp impress (dis-

tinctive) mark!*# {^ftiop'pa lagn'na v.t,
stamp mark •

> i’tiat n.m. throng ; crowd ijMf'

ke that’ n.m. pl. milling crowd

J* 4 ! l a £ e ho'na v.i. (of crop ’.)

be ; gather

( thot'tks n.m. laughter jest ridi-

cnlcVjUs^tlmt'fha kar'na^v.i. jest
ridicule deride^ logs’ m k

(or mar'na) v.i. burst with laughter
that ftu-baz adj. facetious n.m. jester k

humorous person witty person
tkof'ihrbaa N.F. jest J, fun ridicule ;
derision wit tiaj'db mefi Ora'na

ridicule ; deride make fun (of)
i'fkar'na v.l benumbed shiver

s . jyjitb (old) feel (very cold) be nipp-
ed iJ^iAttkra’ua benumb chill nip

.fig th.i'thakna,itf J jjL^fM'Aak kar mall'
ja'na v.i. draw back in amazement
shrink (from) come to sudden stop for
fear, etc.

^SfffutAol' n.f. ridicule , derision
r jesting ; fun n.m. jester witty
person

tft/ra n.m. brazier maker of
]/^T hardware vessels seller of hardware
vessels maize stalk

jJ ^tiad'da n.m. main stick of kite (which is
^crossed byJ^N.F. *)

IjJZthud’Ja N.M. a kick ; kicking with the boot

v.t,

kesath! adv.
and show elegently

l J igfka'ra,lj(£tte'<la ADJ. Stout stand-

/^tla'ter n.m. (dial.) Hindu diety
>*idol chief landlord ; village chief
bljjjfcfka’kir-dova'rah n.m. idol temple >
ii n.f. idleness unemployment (ibr
O^tka'ls adj. idle jobless *

.. • 54a*i'na v.i. (doublet of Unused as
•"j^lettcr’s adjunct) thurst

jlas'aa v.t. resolve ; be intent uponjbfy^
fi (« d»t) met tfcui'aa v.l. set one’s

heart on

.b^t&Md’diH.F. (usu. pl.). unslit parched
grain (same as ^*y*N.F.

tkud’di pa’kar’tia v.t.
with

jh»r n.f. chill

flatter curry favour

fcfkar’ra n.m. cheap wine a cheap kind
of shoe main string of brassiere bad
unbaked brick

■k'lkoj adj. solid crammed heavy

lazy obstinate ; mulish n.m. short

weight or measure cracked (common vessel)
JftiSis adj. duli-headed ; stupid (of
t/ coin) not jingling heavy stolid

217

clegance affected gait

tkas'ia N.M.

tha'sa fhos adv. (filled) to capacity

sbtha'sak n.v.tfj)(jkas'ka n.m. low sound of
fc *'v* , ^coughlng thas ak'na v.t. tap earthen-

ware vessel to see if it is cracked
|« ■fa tkus'na v.i. ^bc stuffed be filled with
capacity (,’/ thSsva'rta v.t. get stuffed
get filled (to capacity)

(j? /k&ok' thak n.f. repeated hammer
knock boring work quarrel
tifT brawl

1 10 Aik^na n.m. residence ; place; where-
abouts address destination limit end

decency ; suitability reasonableness
trust ; reliance thika na dkoofnl'na v.i.

look for residence hunt for job look for
match (for marriageable young woman)
tkikanakar'na v.i. find a room (for oneself)
take asylum (in) Aika'ne chvka'na

V4. pay off meanials, dues on death of one ol
family (ftftf'Jj&tkika'ne ka ad' mi n.m. suitable
person tfithika'ne ki bat n.f. reasonable

point ^piika'ne lagz'na v.t. kill ; assas-
sinate marry off dispose of squander ;
waste spend in tight manner help achieve
objective : cause to puccecdCP^&tkikane lag'na
v.i. be killed be married off be disposed
of be squandered, be spent m right manner
(of endeavour, etc.) succeed C^aLbe-Aika'-
ita adj. homeless unreliable inconsis-
tent uncertain >

Sf th&kra'na, l^thskra' de'na v.t.

. spurn kick ; trample upon [ ~ ]

*) lid fihokHTa'ta n.f. (dial.) village chief’s wife

0^ [~s&]

jkuk'na v.i. be beaten be defeated
(of nail) be hammered (into) incur loss
(of an amount) be gaoled [ ~ ]

t ffgjbog n.m. thug ; cut throat robber
footpad swindler (jfii m jQAag-ba'&. (rare
bid'diya) .n.f. swindling;
cheating thuggee Jr }ha’gi, fifoAaga'il

N.f. swindling ; cheating ^ thuggee tfjk
ibag'ns, Isf le'na, b'/J^tha'gi kar'na

v.t. swindle ; "cheat rob tf&thagni n.f.
woman swindler female thug

j y? taih' l n.f. (dial.) drudgery ; service

i* tai'hattia v.i. stroll , take a stroll walk
•'^’llcfwly ij^rteahla'na v.t. takeout for

music

stroll walk (horse) get rid of

^dfihil'ya n.m. small pitcher
•*

id Jp AUtn'ri n.f. light classical song

-'^to which it is set

it/ri Au'mak'na v.i. strut amorously ; move^
coquetishly ; walk with dalliance
tkSm'mak (rare tkMm'mak) n.f. coquetish strut or
gait ’mak tkum’ak kar adv.

with a coquetish gait Jlr tm ^&'tk.um'ak dial n.f.
graceful carriage coquetish gait
'tftkVm'ki n.f. jerk given to string to keep
kite flying thMm'ki de'na. (or
lagz'na) v. give a jerk (to kite string [prec.]

(^5 taih' na n.m. bough

thanaka,^^ than' than’ n.f.
* *** chime clang than'

jingle
than gopal'

n.m. bloekhead nought adj. worthless
rt&than'na v.i. occur a clash (between)
be pitted against be resolved be fixed
(in mind) {la^jZmefi than' ja'na v.i. (of clash)
occur between

b^tfthut&h n.m. stump leafless branch

*7 j, amputated hand
j&e tfiafid n.f. cold

-.old chill l&fhah'da ADJ. (f.
thatidi) cool cold frozen
cold-blooded ; level-headed extinguished
pacified ; appeased patient ; enduring
impotent frigid having a slump
thak'4 a kar'na V.T. cool down k extinguish

appease kill ; murder iy%l&fkan'da Par
ja n3 v.i. be appeased become cold lose
lustre be defeated^'^ jy \hah'dz ho'na (or

ho ja'na) v.i. become cold die be extin-
guished have a slump IV kole’ja

.(fb'l&lthah'da satis n.m. sighjt^f^
tkah'dt gar'miyah n.f. pl. outward love
unsuccessful coquetry 6~j&~j&Aan 'de thah'de
adv. early in the day ; while it is yet cool Jjii
lyd^i/fij^hjthah'di (or Aati'da satis bias' na)

■ i Vim vi* o cic'h in Hrcnair t&JUi'de

v.i. heave a sigh in despair Aon'de

dit st adv. impassionately cool-headedly
2&fkatida”i n.f. hemp beverage fresh

cooling sherbet (of almonds and cucumber-seed)
iSj&dutiidak n.f. coolness chHl com-
fort satisfaction kale'je hi tkoft-

dak n.f. satisfaction of ‘having revenge
(also jfc£ifjy&'iatikhoii ki than' dak) loved child

219

ilu'ke-dar n.m. contractor liquor vendor
monopolist

Jj dik'ra h.m. potsherd through (for

dog’s food)'*^ ro’zi ka flak' ra n.m.
means by which one lives ; means of livelihood
iklk’ri n.f. small potsherd
tkt'ke-dair n.m. (sec under n.m. ic)

d&thJki n.f. bag load

0* lags' ns v.t. fill tog with grain C^^ftke’kl
lens v.i. unburden oneself (ake die load
off oneself taken support >

tike'/a n.m. .trolly car ,*1

pulled or pushed by men
.si^thel'nB v.t. push roll

propel (rare.) nudge ^ 2 lill§§| 8 i^
i#£/ihifi'ga n.m. thumb smalf^^?'

^~club (vul.) penis
tAJft'ga baj'nsv.t (of quarrel) take
place !,*(/) 1 t^fpak'ga dikka'na v.t. refuse

^ propel
J / ,*(ihifi'ga n.m
“■~club (v

turn down tease pay no regard to
btW'yah<illsJto'’iyaft ADI. wee-bit

1 1? W/yah> (JlsJ fo"iySb adj. wee-bit
Uz, dwarfish iTm. a kind of small parrot
> _ i's fee'-e ttM. travelling allowance , T.A.

rfi ie]

tl'-H n.f. tuberculosis T.B [E]

ti'-par'fi (col. fi-p&'ti) tea party [E]

*up n.m. tap cXl^tg^up' Tiksr'dar n.m.
tap-recorder j^Pf*P (riksr'd) kar'ns
v.t, tape-record [E] *”

> tl/» n.f. shrill note best (of the verses)
refrain cement streak along brick
borders (in wall) ; grouting ^Igfip-tsp n.f.

adornment outward show liL^tip' ks
ADJ. choiccstor best (hemistic or couplet of .
poem) I’jLsfip' kar’ns v.t. grout
i£j(*yt*'i ak mak'j/ha difficulty embarrass-
• ment broken cot

A ' pH • ' O

\j?JpyV’ x . c k ’Mh'jte difficulty embarrass-
ment broken cot

X K n.m. train ticket examiner; T.T.E.
£ if Aar n.m. teacher (E)

..yjlr'na, Ifi JjCzW kaT *‘«a v.t. spend
(night, life, etc.)

\j%*er'va n.m. water-pipe of hookah

adj. (F.^Vrfe) crooked
‘5Cbent awry uneven difficult,
person ; difficult to tackle terk n.f. (same

as n.m. +) &\\t>fcferk* idfh adj.
beau ; fop ; coxcomb)^ btfu'rks m'rha adj.

crooked zig zag irregular c4^5^f<'rk2

pan n.m. terk. n.f. crookedness
kar’na v.t. slant bend ; tip(/?( ffiJtt’rha
ho'ns v.t. slant

ufigli ke ba-ghair' ghi na'kili ni'kalts prov.
crooked persons call for harsh treatment
C& } £^u'rhi nftkk se dekk'ns V.t. cast angry
looks look with evil intentions
tt'rki kkir' n.f. difficult task
Jtfis N.F. shooting pain (in book-bind- t
ing) single stitch through all formes
tis' uth'ns v.t. have shooting pain 1 )
mar'na v.t. (in book-binding) give single
stitch

t Vsoo n.m. ‘butia froudesa’ flower
L /kl ek NF - pron support (dial.)

nmmien . t imiv 4 * LV a yt2- / *■— >n ^

refuse « promise : vow ctf tek'ns v.t.

j /%tik'rs n.m. (sand) dune hillock
knoll

talk's n.m. tax [E]

^^b^X^aikst’-buk n.f. text-book [E]
n.f. taxi [E]

* •fitek'na v.t. rest (something on)

**n.f. rest prop ^tt'kan n.f. prop

J^ti'kak, $ ti'ks n.m. injection inocula-

** tion vaccination stain blot a

kind of ornament for forehead ^^‘ti'kah
lagans v.t. inject inoculate vacci-

nate (dial.) stain l"$££&'kalaiik' ks ti'ks
lags' nSjV.i. be stigmatized
^jfitaikni'kal adj. technical [E]

ti ko'zi n.f. tea cosy[E]

JSn'lah, ll^ti'ls n.m. knoll hillock

jSu'lar,jSl£ft'lar mss’ far n.m. tailor [EJ
&ye£tai'lifon n.m. telephone [E]
li-garsm n.f. telegram [EJ
^Ayy^faili-vt'zhan n.f. television [E]

J?

* taim n.m. time [~E CORK.]

220

L

c/.

p

Stem t*. f. snuff (of candle, etc.)

'IT () .

St im n.f. team tlm -mrk n.m. team-

>** " ork [El

ylyim' tara N.r. outward show decora-

f V* iion C E 1

n.m. tin canister [EJ

(J^teiit n.m. speck in eye cotton pod

jrytaiht n.m. tent t taifts lags' na v.t.

■" pitch a tent (E] . fc . t

)*jstetit'oa n.m. wind-pipe throat

tefit’va daba'na (or dabocfi'na) v.t.
strangle , strangulate ; throttle force to do
something ; constrain bring pressure to bear
upon

x hen ten (dial, tain' taiti) n.f. & 4 ‘nt.
(parrot’s cry prate f efl ' l eil

kar'na v.i. (of parrot) cry prate
^jjPtai'nis n.f. tennis [E]

taifik N.M. tank [E]

•>*{#'«{ n.m. small hybrid species of hens
(/•' adj. (hen) of this species tiny
dwarfish

jr'KS n.m. (dial.) horoscope guess

h xiyoob' n.f. fluorescent tube thin
‘■S''-* pipe [E]

i wwtwww t*
i, « sixth letters of Urdu alphabet ; (it is
a definite proof of the Arabic origin of
word containing ; ) it (it is doubled .to replace
tJ whenever Arabic definite article heads it)

(in jummal reckoning) 500
„ fits’ bit adj. (col. sa'but) whole ; un-
broken uninjured ; unharmed un-
damaged proved ; prove established

firm stationary n.m. swa'bit star

(opp. n.m. planet) (jj£/£sa'bit-qa'dam adj.
steadfast firm constant persevering

resolute unswerving (fcZftfsa'bit-qa'dami,
I’/iZifajbit kar'na v.t. prove ; establish tjj'dJ'IT
sa'bit tio'na v.i. be proved ; be established (A

\j‘S3tqib adj. glittering glistening; shin-
%m z' t ing brightly^ t if&sheftrf b~e sa'qib n.m.

glittering meteor (A]

Zjj'sa'lis n.m. arbitrator mediator
C " K *' arbiter third person impartial per-
son non-partisan^ a' l is bil-khair ’ n.m.

impartial person bastard (child)
sa'lis-e has'rl n.m. mutually acceptable arbi-
tratorvi^/pa'/ir na'mah (col .yC^Csat'si na’mah
n.m. arbitration award xi\?salxsah n.f. arbi-
tress fftfsa’lisl (col. sal’ si) n.f. arbitration
mediation'll C sa’lisan adv. thirdly ; in

the third-place dejCsaloos n.m. (dial.) Trinity
[A~

Asa’ min adj. eighth Celsa'mtnan adv. eighthly

(Jj\?sa'navl Adj. (see under jlADj. if)

* *

. jf'ta'/ii adj. second . peer; equal
^ match (f)Csa'naiA adj. secondary „ if)?!?*
a‘7a sa'navx Higher Secondary jjS^jfia'navl
ta'llmi bor'J n.m. Beard of Secondary Educa-
tion 'la) sa’navi taHlm' n.f.

(Higher) Secondary Education (jjjA&Atyt)
(ala) s a' navi ntada'ris n.m. pl. (Higher)
Secondary Schools {fsa'nijan adv. secondly;
in the second place Slfiss'niyah n.m. second
moment [A-c^]

CZ>$sabat' n.m. permanence endurance

'stability firmness constancy resolu-
tion ; resolve (A — foll.]

^ isabt n.m. affixing (signature or stamp)
put or impress (seal) k/o^sdb't 'kar'na
v.t. affix inscribe put impress

enter ; put down ^ give permanence to ,
make lasting CrfiJZSsal't ho' ns v.t. ’re affix-

ed be inscribed be put ; be impressed .
be made lasting [A]

tJ lysSboot’ n.m. proof testimony

* evidence probate budi'hl sUbool’

boo’t-e ba’ din-nazar' N.m. obvious

proof ; ‘prima facie* proof ^ tS'i'di

suboot’ n.m. corroborative evidence

tahri’ri suboot' n.m. documentary evidence (£* S',
*« m " »■
&f.tanti'di suboot' n.m. rebutting evidence &/.

lfy^sUboo't-e sarih', (col. sari'fi suboot')

n.m. direct proof zifit'tS sUboot' n.m.

collateral evidence suboot' n.m.

circumstantial evidence &j}(9 W^'l s ^boot

n.m. conclusive proof i^^QCJlisa'rn suboot

n.m. verbal evidence &£j\,ba'r-t sUboot' N.M.

onus of proof (A)

22 !

J?

•*j sakh'khaz n.m. seventh spt of abjad order of
* letters [A~H]

„ isar'mt n.f, riches : wealth affluence
opulence jC? jfsar'oat-mand. adj. rich
wealthy opulent affluent (fcfjSsar’vat -
u uadi n.f. riches opulence , affluence

[A] ^

VAsara' N.u. earth soil t-us-

rara' n.f. nether regions very low
position [A]

j>y> s&ray'ya n.m. the Pleiades ; the Pliads tlfZ/
“s&ray'ya-jah adj. exalted O’ &Jlau'-je suray'ya
n.u. very exalted status [A]

.*/• ihstf'lah mis'ti n.f salep
pulverized ‘orchis’ root [A]

. j saghoor' n.m. pl. horderland , marches
[A~sino ji ] ^ . .

dJJ-saqnfal n.P. culture J\iisaqa 'fall (ped Q
^saqa'Jt) adj. cultural JSffj&saqa'fali
me'lah n.m. cultural dbov/Qtsjytf&saqa'faii
sar-gar'-myM n.f. pl. culturaf activities [A]
&} isaqa'lat n.f. heaviness tuj-gidity (of
& word, etc.) bombast [A }
<£/fif>siqa'hat n.f. trustworthiness reliabi-
At * ity authoritotiveness serenity [A~ "2 $ ]
’j^sufl n.m. (PL.Jttfasqal) gravity indi-
gestion ; heaviness in stomach sluggishness
of liver hardness (of hearing) load

burden turgidity [A]

AjJ saqalain' n.m. mankind and spirits

the world and hereafter [A ~ prec.]
jpsi’qah n.m. (BL.i^i^siqat') authoritative
(person or statement) reliable trustworthy

[A]

rffiaqiL’ (of word) difficult turgid bombastic
{jZ (of food) rich indigestible _ (of
stomach) heavy burdensome } .

‘\,f‘sulasi adj. & N.m. triliteral (root)
O'Sitia'si-e mujar'rad n.m. pure triliteral jpr
suit' si mazidfih n.m. triliteral root with
additions

±j,suls adj. one-third n.m. name of a
calligraphic style , offshoot of ‘na$kh’
with decorative flourishes in inscriptions
jtfsimar' n.m. (fL. of^ *)

^•{^sa'ma'niyah adj. (lit. ) eight [A]

m

A

> sa'mar t/ jam' rah (ped. sa'marah ) n.m. (pl.

alsoj$ simar’) fruit produce off-
spring reward result ; outcome jjy*
stltnttr wr adj. fruitful successful

sa'mar-dar' adj. fruit-bearing (tree) fruit
ful (endeavour) iZI/samarat' n.m. pl. fruits

[A] A

ysa'man n.m. price cost value^'
™ samin' adj. valuable costly ; ex-
pensive [A]

tysana n.f. praise eulogy encomium
( jljr\^‘sana'khafi ftfsatta garpftfsana’ -gis’ tar
n.m. one who praise ; eulogist encomiast
sana'-kha'm satta’-ga'rl, frA br

sana' -gUs' lari n.f. praise praising
eulogizing

i^jjsavab' n.m. reward (of virtue) (also
fW^ljsaoab’ ka kam) virtuous deed [A]
^y\ \^saaabit n.m. pl. stars (opp. planets)

. [A ~ SING. o:C\

jsmr n.m. (a sign of Zodiac called Taurus
(lit.) bull (also jJjif gba'r-e saur’) Saur

Cave ; name of cave in which the Holy
Prophet sojourned during his exodus to
Medina [A]

Jim seventh letter of Urdu alphabet
^ (equivalent to English j) in jummal
reckoning) 3

. ja (rare or in construction^^/ a'*«) n.f. (lit.)

. place space; room seat {f'.ifja
ba'ja adv. everywhere here and “there ;
hither and thither Iglfja be-ja' \f^Jj\fja'-obe-ja
.at all times in or out of place right
or wrong j^\fja-zurtxtr' l J t>^_\fja'~e. zuroor'
n.m. latrine ; privy lavatory
(oT-shih) adj. & n.m. f. successor deputy
viceroy ; vice-gerent lieutenant^J ?, '^ja-
nasM’rd n.f. succession vicegerency ;

lieutenancy j (i Ipja-namaz' n.f. prayer-mat,
prayer carpet (JpfcfeSZjs'-e e'tiraz' n.f. room
objection, ja'-e pan ah' n.f. refuge ; asylum

shelter [P] *

ja'btr adj. despotic tyrannical

/,Z strong n.m. despot tyrant [A-^]

, jap n.m. (dial.) muttering of prayers
Z counting (of beads) [-tgl]

ItyJa'Pa N **• delivery , accouchement
v •

„ ,jat n.f. (dial.) caste high caste C>^
jat'-pat n.f (dial.) caste Hindu caste*

is'r

222

vi

TS

★ )

system [~S] ..

I 'jipj“ t TS ' l *- T -($^j 5t ' ri N - M - (same as l/£yat'

* * n.T.Jyiyat'ri n.m.) fsee under 1/tN.F. i

[5J

"« i_ j'a'fl n.f. (dial.) community; commu-
v » nal group (dial.) caste Hindu com-
munity [S] h

n.m. (f.tflrjat'ni) name of an agri-

>

culturist caste

^[pjath. n.m. roller (of -oil or sugar mill)

\p j s' jam n.m. printed linen carpet [T]

i jsVoo n.m. magic wizardry ; sorcery;
" . necromancy conjuring charm ; spell
enchantment y} Ifjadbo bar hay'

kar'ne-Vala kafir prov. magic is a ■ fact, its
practice is however banned I'&jjbja'doo jaga'na
v.t. test the effectiveness of magic.- charm
'doo chal'na (or ho'na) v.i. be
charmed be under a spell succeed in bring-
ing round \rjadoo ks kkel' n.m. , conjur-
ing trick conjuring

kar'nu (or cfcala'na or daVna ) v.t. charm ;
enchant test a spell Jjj^fjd' doo-gar n.m.
magician a sorcerer conjurer 'tjJu^fja'doo-
gar'm n.f. witch sorceress tfJjjlt'ja'doo-
ga'rt n.f. magic wizardry ; sorcery ; necro-
mancy charm ; enchantment [P]

Ojifj* doh (ped. jad'dah) N.m. road centre

* of road paved or metalled portion (of
road)

‘igjd'&b adj. attractive; alluring absor-
• * . bent n.m. blotter; blotting-paper
jd'zibah n.f. (power of) absorption (power
of) gravitation [A ~

'jlfi'jor n.m. (pl. l yjf'jlran‘)(lit.) neighbour£A]

f . jar adj. that gives ‘zer’ (') to words; that
' • puts in genitive or dative case ; adj.
drawing giving ‘kasrah’ thus JZOfhadf-t
jar' Ofi’barf'-e jar n.m. preposition
huroo'f-ejm'rah) [A ~ X ]

ibj PjhridT'jat n.f. georgette [E]

• • •

J dribs' nah adj. offensive aggressive
* jaxihiy' yat n.f. aggression

jarihiy’yat pasahd' adj. agressive
jarihiy'yat pasandi n.f. aggression aggres-
sive policy [A]

L _,»ibr jd T °b‘ n.f. (ped.) broom besom

• • brush /}£,Hfjaroob'kash n.m. sweeper

■ ^ ■ ■

scavenger (fvtyjaroob'-ka'sht n.f. sweeping
[P~U

, i ja'ri adj. current (of law) in force
. prevalent continuing flowing
rfjja'ri rakk'na v.t. continue carry on
maintain ja'ri raih'na v.r. continue
be in force remain in force ja'ri kar'ns v.t.
issue start ; begin institute ; set on foot
give currency enforce cause to flow

ja'ri ho'na v.r. issue get going be

current be in force be all the vogue
flow [A]

^j\g ja'riyo.h n.f. slave-girl ; maid [A]

M * ^

>1 jars N.M. winter cold ague

' * » jd'ra par’na v.i. be cold of winter

come have ague cJt ijbja'ra lag'na v.i. feel
cold

y, ja'zim adj. rendering final letter quiescent

\ J r

jams' -mm. spy detective (fj/b

L 7*s.jasoo'si n.f. spying; espionage
detective’s work I'/lpy^jasoo'si kar'na v.t.
act as a spy ; carry- on espionage work as
detective [A ~
ijj/\yjd'kat jacket (TEj

bj\pj'd.'kar n.m. conditional purchase

X^jakkan n.m. wooden foundation of brick-
~= svork in well

rJl *j as ' m v>1 * get up from sleep .wake

rouse be vigilant^^^/jt^ja^'

utk'na (or par' no) v.i. wake up get up
fiiom bed £lrjifjag' ja'na v.t. be up (from
bed) (of many people) wake up tffsjag'tu
ADJ. awake vigilant [fbQfjl'tz jag to.
adj. alive *

f^jagir' n.f. estate- fief; feud land
'£’• revenue grant jagl'r-e davsm' n.f.

estate perpetually rent-free jijjtfjagir'-dar n.m.,
estate owner feudatory grantee.

jagir'da'ri n.f. fedudalism (l£)yl,jjJurjagir'-dara'nah
nizam' n.m. feudal system ^yjk^jagfr'-sir n.f.
such charitable grant [P ~ Cr]

\\-ja'l n.m. net snare trawl trap

* fraud ( l ; i^J \fj* 1 btdAa'na (or

phailana) v.t. } spread a net trawl ; trawl a
net set a trap pkehk’na, v.i. trawl

Oi/J'fjal dal' na v.t. spread a net trawl
lay a snare set a

meb pkats'na for phobia’ na) v.t
dupe met phabs'na v I

trapped be duped
.,i_ ja'la n.m cobweb gossamer

” • web-eye [ ~ prec]

J^J\pj aloof n.m. Goliath (A-rH]

net

network

entrap
be en-

pellicle,

wire-net-

,1 I ,J a ' n N ’ F

V . ting grate lattice; trellis work lace

caul integument (of foetus) thick coat-
ing (of mango-stone)f,|'J|fja'fl par'na, v. hard-
ening (of mango-stone) Cfjfylfja’li karh’na v.i.

embroider stitch work lot n.m.

bobbinet ( ~ prec. ]

^J'^lpjiflinoos n Galen [A~G]

‘l* fa jam n.m. jam (E)

r (*\p n.m. (lit.) cup : bowl goblet ; wine
1 ’ cup^flfja’m-e jam, (jl (jwfe ja m-e jahat-

numa n.m. Jamshid’s wine-cup ; goblet of the
mythical Persian king in which he could view
the whole world any wonderful possesion

tlrfeifl vjam eharha'na vt quaff the wine
seh'hat pi'na v.t drink a toast
drink to the health of [P]
ji \p ja'rmd adj, unprogressive ; static

* inorganic inanimate (of noun) concrete
is'm-e ja'mid n.m. concrete noun [A

jsmda’m N.F. muslin with patterns
JUV' woven into it leather or wooden box
cttisbja mo-dan n.m. such box wardrobe

[P ~ sb+jb]

pSig js’tne‘ adj. comprehensive principal

** • (mosque) n.m. (ped). principal mosque
ja'm'-e katnalai adj. & n.m. all-round
(scholar) ; »J1- rounder mas'jid n.f,

principal mosque of locality,^^'; a n.f,

comprehensiveness [ A - gfl ] " *

-pi ^ji’mt'ah n.m. university

» society ( A ~ £?• ]

ja'manN.f. rennet any
I* • coagulator ‘jambolana’

'.dj. mauve (jfoja'mani adj. mauve
jS'mah n.m* .(lit.) garment

• frilled gown J'lly’lf jama-tala' tin

searching the person ^fjpfja'ma-jjb adj . grace-
ful ; (one) on whom every dress fits well tf-jslf
jdima-ze'bi n.f. grace ; being one of whom every
dress fits well 4 Jfja'me st ba'hor ho'na

v i. be unable to restiain oneself with anger

met pkoo'k na sama'na v.t.

be overjoyed [P]

/.J|W 5n aiso J afl ) N F life soul ;

• spirit essence vigour ; energy sweet-
heart , beloved ; love ; lady-love darling

(tVt j>jL'itjlfjan ana (or a ja’na ) vi. be
refreshed ; regain ‘strength recoup health

tf^ltflfjab afrin' N m. Creator j Ofjat-bsz’ ADJ.

intrepid daring , vemuresornetfjUtirjah-bazi
N.F. spirit of sacrifice C l^(jl If jan, baftla'na v.l.
save one’s skin '-'(Qfj(kam)^ se jan badland

v.t shirk work

jab' ba'eti lakhob pa r e (khan se bad'dhoo ghar' ko
a’e) save life save a million iVft ^ J a *

ba'haq (taslim') ho'na v t die; expire ; give up
the ghost iffyifjan-bakh' shi (or jab-) n.f.
sparing life ; forgiveness , pardon granting of
life bar (na) ho'na v.i (not) to sur-

viveiLyijtrskfjIfjab’ bo-lab' (ho'na) adj. (& v.i.)
be dying ; be at the point of deathly
bh-a'ri ho'na v i. grow weary of life V>f^lrjan'
par ban'na v 1 . be in danger of one’s life
jan par khel'na, v.i. jeopardize one’s** very
existence lay down one’s life (j f’tflfjan’ par'na
v.i. be revived become graceful being
to thrive i'J'l;ju^^fcf.)(por\jan tasad’duq kor’na
v.t sacrifice one’s’ life (for) I'tSjfjJfJIfjan'
tor ’ kar lar’rm v.i. fight desperately ('tfy'jytyf&lf
jan’ jo'kkob ka ksm n.m. hazardous task Oj^rtflr.

O^iJ^jon jo'kkob mebdal'na v.l. hazard one’s
life; jeopardize one’s existencei^^jan' (h&ra'na
v t shirk shrink from O^fjlfjsn'

cjrffura'na v.t. get rid of , escape Cf^^ifjan'
dthfrakna v.t. be deeply devoted *(to) ; be
ready to sacrifice one’s life (for) jjtlfjan'dar n.m. .
animal adj. animate active vigorous
doo'bhar ho’na v.i be heavy of

(ped )

one’s life (sj(J l fjd n ‘ dt'na v.t. die par

| jan' de'na v t. die for sacrifice one’s life
for be deeply in love with j iJ> Ifjafi-sipar’
adj. devoted (of lover or servant) ready to
lay down his life for mistress or master J^U-^V
| jab-sipan n.f devotion readiness to lay
down (one’s) liktf&lfjab-sitan’ adj. killing
(work) cruel (person) $t£-Vjaft-«/a'jii n.f. j
cruelty callousness etc.<J i f2*y / sokh’la-jah' (or-
| jan') adj. afflicated tormented jyjlfjab-soz' adj.
tormenting ; soul-racking se ja'na v.i.

dieLjlrCfylfjan' se mar'na v.t. kill ; murder
jan' se hath! dhe'na v.i. despair of
(one’s) lifejji/wya* fiza' adj. animating
invigoratihg ; bracmg refmhing^ji»fcya»-

\Jka”i n.f. invigorating nature (jgjiUrjab'Jisbab'

224

\M

Uu

y a

adj. devoted ready to lay down one's life
very diligent n f devo-

tion readiness to lay down one s life dili-
gence ka jatjaf-. vaba'J-e jari

n.m. problematick person (or thing)
jan' ka sad qa mai prov save life save a million
j&n ka la' goo ha'na v t. pursue one
to death lyl^W jan-lr'oa adj fatal , mortal
deadly lethal o^'lfjah-kah' adj. $ad ;
pathetic heart-rending calling for diligence

( fi&lfjSli-kahi n f sadness deligence
l P a L ) an dt'na v t be deep
in love ’with L‘ I jan ko a na v t

take (someone) to task vexj£l\e>({)(<f'\ojah'-kani
(kl l)a!lat) n.f agonies of death agony
anguish l'jj/(Jlf((fi)j/[bariron kl) jari ko
rona v. i wish (oneself) dead Cw^ffjari kka’na
v.t. vex, annoy plague (Vjlbjil/tfbjari
kkapa’na (or marina) v.i. work very hard ; work
diligently vjari ki amari n,f indul-
gence pardon ; forgiveness quarter
Jj\jari ki aman' pa"ooti ph. crave your in-
dulgence c£j/\s£jlfjan' ke bora' bar rakk'na
v.t. regard (someone) no less dear than one’s
life ^X^iari ke la'U por'na v.i. on the
poirtof death despair of hfeJIJjlfjafi-gudaz’,
J^ifjah-gusil' adj. killing baneful

jari Isra'na v.t. jeopardize one’s life lay
down Cd^jsn' It'na v.t. kill deprive
(someone) of his life t fyfyftflfjari met jari
be comforted be revived be no

ana

longer jittery feel no longer worried jl^ lf
jah'-nisari adj. devoted (fjfclfjari nisar'l n.f.
devotion (/yifja'n-e man ph. my darling
ke jari adj. * lifeless ; dead inanimate weak
enervated listless insipid [PI
-. ja'na v.i. (past t. gay a irregularly form-
»*f ed) go pass , set out depart dis-
appear be lost be stolen be wasted
be no more viJ^JeL^fjrine ( bhl ) do pc. never
mind forget and forgive leave it off let

(me, etc.) go no more of this silly stuff 1
ca n’t stomach the lictsj2i£ja'ne de’na v.t.
let go forgive ; pardon

n.m. beloved , sweetheart [P~sino

• | ja’nib N.F. (PL .t^rilfjosa’ nib) side ; direc-
tion >-riffja'nU>-e, jrirdb adv to-

words -ja’mb p*rov. (arch.) I adv (lit.)

this side nib-dor adj. partial ^ biased
n.m. supporter. panuamJjtiflfja'mb-da'n

n.f. partiality tfftfjanatbairi n.m. both the parties

l>V

/!>

jaruubaiii te adv from both sides
mutually reciprocally [A]

| ’£\p lahdt'na evaluate appraise assess

1 • test ; try survey jy&jafick n.m.
evaluation assessment appraisal test ;

trial survey pa'rakh. n.f. scrutiny

jstig'loo adj. wild ; undomesticated
* j, • savage uncultured JP - j£f j
J\e)Zfigk N.F. thigh 1

J*\P J Ob' giyah (usu but less correct form of)
l fiifjafi'gkiya) n.m. underwater drawers

panfies wrestlers breeches [~^V loins]

I N - F - P ra yw-carpet *

1''*^ - prayer-mat [P~ (p +j0 )

jarina v.t. known be
aware of think ; believe •*
deem , hold conceive fancy own ; re-
cognize understand ; apprehend perceive
ohf. jan n.f knowledge awareness belief

idea UV.l'lf ja'na boo’jha adj. well frequented
not unknown C^Cfjrina paih&a'na adj. well-
known C^c)^jari r parina v.t. appear^t^j^jlr
jari boojk' kar (or ke) adv. on purpose*,
purposely knowingly ; knowing full well
intentionally jan paih&ari n.f. acquain-
tance & ( yg'ljQl>jari kar ah-jari barina v.t. pre-
tend ignorance ‘Ojj^jari le’na v. apprehend ;
perceive^jjjriitflfjari na pthdiari ph. no acquain-
tance

li jari vat n.m. animal fool adj.

- stupid ; foolish uncultured [P ~y/(P 4 - ;j]
'4 r ja'M adj. vital mortal; sanguine

0 . hearty , cordial n.m. beloved sweetheart
darling dustman n.m. mortal

enemy ; sanguine foe [P-^tj]

jaoat'ri n.f. nutmeg bark ; mace

I }rimd&h, £ljj\fjavida'ni j,y\pjavtd‘ (or
O 39 . javid') ADJ. everlasting ; eternal ; per-
petual IP]

I jah n.f. status ; rank station in life
® . dignity ; grandeur {)}jfjrifjah-ojalal' fjelf
jrihro ha' sham n.m. rank and dignity
grandeur ; magnificence splendour i^s^fclrja'h-o
marisab N.u rank and position [P]

L.ja'/fH, (pl. W.johala ;jLftokhalj adj.

^•"• ignorant unlettered ; illiterate ; uncouth
uncivilized . uncultured [A ~c 5 ^UrJ
I ja' e-dad' (tare»fjffja-dad‘) w.f. .ptv

7 perty estate real estate jflffyTabri'i

s£iL

225

ja’e-dad' n.f. ancestral property • inherited pro-
pcrtyjlC<fJ'jj<ar“i ja'U-dad ^N.F. agricultural
property ; landed property^* man-

qoo'lah ja’t-dad’ ja’e-dad' ghair mare-

qoo'lah n.f. immovable property j^^Jjy^matroo'-
kah ja’e-dad' n.f. evacuee property j t?
mutant za’ah ja'e-dad' N.F. disputed property
jfj a‘e-d&d-e marhoo'nah n.f. mortgaged
property y^^J^^muAta'rakah ja’e-dad' n.f.
joint property (ji^^lfja’e-da'd-e ma’a'fi n.f.
rent-free property^., 1^5^1 f ja’e-da'd-e mo’a'fl-e
davsm' n.f. permanent land grant
maqroo'qah ja’e-dad’' n.f. attached . property ;
sequestered property jlA^r^’makseo'ba^t ja’e-
dad' N.F. self-acquired property
maJcfoo'lah ja’e-dad' n.f. hypotheticatcd property
J^jrlhif ja’edad-manqoo'lah n.f. movable pro-
perty jlX^Jj/materoo'si ja’e-dad' n.f. ancestral
property ; inherited property [P~ fr]

•j\pjet n it adj. permissible lawful ; legal

• right ; proper just justified
ja”k. rakk.'tta v.t. permit fallow justify ;

legalise \^)jj}ytfja’’iz qarar' derm v.T. up-
hold permit ; *ttowy\,l'na-ja”iz adj. not
permissible wrong unjust unlawful -jyi'

£Z-jj^na-ja'iz taw' se adv. wrongly un-
justly unlawfully [A.- jlf.]

^y^ja"izah n.m. checking review
• examination survey exploration (of
possibility) ty#lfja''izah le’na v.t. check
review survey examine explore [A~

PREC.j '

. (tare / 4 a/) n.m. nutmeg

U * [A~S]

jab ADV. & CONJ. when at the time ;
•■j ’* if 5 in case then « *fa^rjab' tak adv. &

conj. till ; until as long as ; so long as
while ; whilst till then « adv. &

conj. since fff^jab' ka ’ Mi adv. & conj.
whenever everytime that^f ja'bki adv. &
CONJ. at that very time therefore ; hence
Jfj^ja'bkl to adv. & conj. therefore; hence
on that account ; for that very reason
t-jebbar' adj. mighty n.m. Omnipotent (as an
attributive of God) [P~foll.]

~jab'r n.m. force ; might compulsion
. oppression ; coercion constraint (ped.)
joining (broken bone, etc.) reduction of frac-
tions to integrals t ’jfojab'r kar'na v.t.
oppress ; use force ; coerce compel ( constrain
faJf/Zjab'T-o ta’ad'di n.m. oppression {

coercion cruelty ; tyranny **li/ S/^.jab'r-o mfi-
qa'balah n.m. algebra ^t/f.jab'rali, bil-jab'r by

force ; forcibly violently ydfi/?. jab' raft va qah'rah
adv. willy-nilly^' bil-jab'r n.m. rape
t^.jsb'ri adj. "force under constraint
involuntary compulsory ~{j/?lS/Zjab'r\ bkar'tl
N.F. conscription [A]

^ rjabroat' n.f. majesty magnificence
>'** omnipotent heaven (sis sphere of
God’s omnipotence) [A ~ y?.] ,

jibrit', J^yf.jib'ra'il, (J?y£ jibra'il' N.M.

i''?'** Gabriel ; Archangel [A~H]

.MYa n.m, jaw

uyjab'bal n.m. (pl. (Ji^jibal’) hill moun-
i'*' i&mQ bal-ut~ta riq n.m. Gibralter
a'bal-e rah' mat Mercy ; name of a hill
near Mecca [A]

„iyjibil'lat n.m. instinct nature ; natural
disposition Jfjibil'li adj. n.m. instinc-
tive innal natural [A]

jub'n n.m. cowardice ; dastardimess

^jub'bak n.m. gown robe toga 5*

* ' jub'ba-o-dastsr’ n.m. fl.
gown and turban (fig.) religiousness
incorporate

jy jab'hah n.m. forehead ; brow

jab'ha-ss adj. (one) humbling, one-
self to bescach 'j C^jabha-sa'i n.f. beseech-
ing humbly , fawing on humiliating (one-
self) {A]

,fC p;jabilt' (or in’) n.f. forehead; browjl^r^T
C/«* jabi'n-e nayaz' n.m. (lowering of) forehead
in humility

i’jp jap'na v.t. (dial.) tell one’s leads
*V * repeat God’s name tfufjap’ ]i n.f. (dial.)
Sikh prayer book ram' nam

jap'na para’ya mal' ap'na prov. saint abroad,
devil at home

,'i~jata'na, Llb^jat/a'na V.T. remind some-

* • one after his failure admonish point
out caution ; warn

I V* jila'ns, UJZjitva'na v.t. cause to win or
conquer [~ Iv^caus.]

2 ? ja'tan, (ped .jat'n) n.m. (usu- pl.) effort ;
{!/• endeavour exertion ; striving trick ;
contrivance )jj/t bazar’ (or ba're) jafan

kar'na pit, leave no stone unturned
■ - jit'na, ’J* jit' ni adv. & conj. , as much ,
’*• as many as much as the more (etc.)
...the jit'na Aka 'no Ut'na 4 i kir'

226

kira prov. die more yoji sift (something) the
worse you will find i tyfcl C*€\>?jit'na fhJw't a
Ut'na kho'tg, iit'na oo'par ut'na nl'Ae

prov. small or "dwarfish but naughty
... iiH t'ijit'na gui ds' lege ut'na mt^ka ho'ga

pkov. die deeper the well the warmer the Water
y ) jit'ni cjiadar de'kkiye
at' He pa"* phaila’ *tye prov. cut your coat accord-
ing to your cloth jit'ne dam i it'ne gh am

PMV. life is a series of sorrows
jit’ni dau'laf Ut'ni must' bat pkov. the ^ more the
wealth the greater the worry
jit'ni deg ut'ni hi khur'dtan v*ap. spend less get
less ; jit'ne mufik ut'ni ba ten prov.

opinions are ever diverse everyone hazards
a different guess

.•» jat'n* v.i. (of animal) be yoked (of
land be plougheditfj B/a”oo adj. arable ;
culturablejlf'j«ta'’i n.f. tilling ; ploughing ;
bringing under the plough tillage jutva'na
v.i. cause toidll get (land) tilled cause

to be yoked [~ £/jf£]

m pjat'thah, &Tjat’tha (occ. ja'tha) n.m.

/jf • party ; gang mob strength unity

^lidTjat'tka bahdk’na V.I. unite

glfr jutya’na v.t. give a shoe-beating [ ~ if.]

jf*'(j^j a ' a sa l * AD J- (dial.) celibate [S]

i+pjUt n.f. pair equal ; peer

.> ja'ja n.f. (dial.) matted hair^U^Lfja'ja
^ dha'rl n.m. (dial.) Hindu mendicant with
matted -hair

jUf'na V.T. set to (a task) earnestly
vK toil grapple fight ; close with join
be joined to copulate be matted
'ii - Yjlfka'ui n.f. wife of husband’s elder brother

^ > l"*

Ap'jUs'soh n.m. body corporeal figure
2*1 (dj** 'oo.'m-uljUs'soh adj. huge [A]
g n.m. judge (fsja'ji n.f. eourts .[£]

■ jajman' , ^•jajma'm n.f. superior;

■ ' person entitled to menial’s services
gja&Aa n.m. lying in woman [ -P^vcorr.]

jatk'na v.i.
t%'bel

suit fit well be tested ;
. : tried be appraised be estimable

nan' to* me k ja&'na v.i. be ap-

proved by look presentable to
sf.jeJfim' n.m. Hell [A]

jp j&d n.m. (PL.jljtflajdad') grandfather ;

• ancestor ; glory (of God) felicity tfjf
jad'di adj. ancestral 9 jpjad'dah n.f. grandmother;
granny [A]

jid n.f. effort ; endeavour serious-

• ness; earnestness ApJf jid' do- jah'd (or

jok'd ) n.f. effort ; endeavour toil ; labour

vjturtJf jid' d-o jah'd kar'na v.t. make an
effort ; endeavour strive [A]
jljp jv’da adj. separate distinct differ-

• ent disparate discrete peculiar

aside apart asunder ^tyju'daju'da adv.

separately severally distinctly one by

one ti/lJfju'da kar'na v.t. separate de-
tach disunite disengage x \?ljfju'da-ga'nak
adv. & adj. separately lyj fj? ju'da ho'ns V.i. be
separated juda’e n.f. separation
absence differences [P]

jidal' n.m. contest dispute alter-
cation fight ; affray j&JiiF jida'I-o

qital' n.m. contest fighting contention
affray fight [A ~Jjf]

jada'vil' n.m. (pl. of Ja^n.f.-^)

Jl

M jid'dat. n;m.

freshness

innovation originality
new point jid'dat
pasafid adj. & n.m. (one) fond of new ways
(of life, ecc.j (one) fond of new twins of
speech jid'dat pasati'di n.f. such fondness

j/jejadld' ★ [A] S'

J ja’dal fight contention jLvji^^jan'g-o
ja'dal n.m, fight encounter con-
tention jada'li n.m. dialectician adj. dialec-
tical^t ja'dali maddiy'yat n.f. dialectics
jadaliy'yat n.f. dialectics [A]
jfijp jadvar' n m. zedoary

j jpjtd'val (PL.Jiitfjada’oil) n.f. (usu.
U* • double) marginal line tabulated in-
formation ; table ; schedule (rare) streamlet
jad'val~bah'dt n.f. tabulation ]j 3 spjad'vali
adj. marked with straight lines jlffjjjvjad'vail
paima'nah n.m. schedule scale [A] "

I ji'rf&ar adv. where whither wher-
ever there /tf/ejfji’dhar ti'dkar adv.
(arch.) everywhere wherever
jl'dhar tab' U'dharsab' prov. he wlio has ’ God
on his side has everything
/gjpjBd'j (col* n.m. capricorn ^virkhat'-t-e
V • jad'y n.m. tropic of Capricorn [A]

jadld adj. new-; fresh modem [A~

227

/? • jiizam' n.m. leprosy Jfyjuzs'mi n.m. leper
' • adj. leperous [A]

^/jf/jaz'b n.m. attraction absorption

*1 fjlsjfjaz’b kar’na v.t. attract absorb
tmbibetyi*/ jrjaz'b ho'na v.i, be absorbed ; be
soaked^>(^> l^jtjaz'b-t maqnati'si n.m. magne-
tic attraction (Aj

* jazabat' n.m. n, filjrjazaba'tt adj .CSljf

jazaba- tiy'yal n.f. "(see under n.m. ★ )

. jaz'bah (ped. ja'zabah) (pl. Otyjazabn?)

n.m. feeling strong desire ; passion
emotion sentiment £\>jf jazba' It (ped.
jazflba'ti) adj. emotional ; sentimental £Siji?
jazbntiy'yat n.f. emotionalism [A~i^tr]

• jazfr N.M. square root ; figure "multiplied
***• by itself root (of any powerJfW^/ac'r-#
sa'lim n.m. root of integer u^fjjfjaz’r-ut ka”b
N.m. third root &SjJJrjoz'r-e murab'ba' n.m.
fourth root jaz'r-e mUkas'sar n.m. root of
fraction [A]

2* jar n.m. dragging ; drawing genitive
case ‘kasrah’ at end of word JZtfharf-e
jar' JifCxP'har'fe jar n.m. preposition (J^/jar'r-i
saqti n.m. mechanics [A]

(ped. jurrab') n.m. sock stock-
• ing hose [P]

r''at N.F. courage ; boldness ; daring
* valour ; bravery temerity audacity
V / UZsl7jUr' , at kar'na v.t. dare have the
courage have the audacity (to) tfSjdri adj.

^•\jpjanis\m n.m. pl. bacteria [A~sino.

f \*i arT *ft N,M - . sur 8 eon J'Sjarra'M n.f.
U'S. surgery t$*j*SQ* * a' mal-e jarra'hi n.m;
surgical operation ; operation [A~foll.J
jira'fat n.f. wound sore [A]

. i

AD J* (of army) very large ; huge [AJ
S I

Jtijf )*ra”id #m. tl. newspapers ; dailies [A ~

N -M- crimes sins p-fL'fc'/V
\ S. trlika'be jard'im n.m. committing of
crimes crime incidence <*?/(]/ 7jara“im-e
khafifah n.m. pl. petty offences /
jara' l m n.m. pl. sdrious crimes ; felony
rufiar'-t jara' f m n.f. crime.! incidence [sing
^jfjUrsoo’mah n.m. (vL.(Clj?jaraslm') bacterium
\ &l£J/:j'*rsoomijyat‘ adj. bacteriology
(pbsS/TjBrsoo'ma-dan N.M. bacteriologist
jursocmijya'H n.m. bacteriological [A]

i^jar’A (col. jir'£) N.M. wound sore
*■' * cross-examination criticism l'J'&J?jar‘l
kar'na v.t. cross-examine 0"U^t l/Sjorh-o ta'diT
n.f. critical examination [A]
ij'gjdras n.m. bell.fA]

^jUr'‘ah n.m. draught sip gulp
^ drop JJ'^jar' l a-kttb hm. drinker
toper [P]

f ' jir'gah (rare jar'gak) HM. tribal jury;
jirgah \;J )yS£fjrjir’gak ke sipUrd’ kar'na
v.t. refer (case) to jirgah [P]

.pjir'm N.M. (PL. ('Uflajram') body (esp. of
inanimate object) Mfsjir'm-c fa’laki hm.
heavenly body [AJ ^

. jUr'm n.m. (pl./ izjard‘im) crime; cri-
f S* minal act offensive guilt trans-
gression fault isba’t-e jur'm n.m. prov-

ing of guilt &Cliriika'b-* jUr’m n.m. commit-
ment of offence ffijlftiqba'l-e jur'm n.m. confes-
sion of guilt|^-'JJ( iqda'm-e jUr'm n.m. attempt
to commit offence be-jur’m adj. innocent ;
frui\tness{'S& J ?suboo‘ t-e jUr'm n.m. proof of guilt
e .kfsta’f-e vaz'e fit'ti N.M.
unnatural offence jUr'm-e khafif hm.

petty offence ; minor offence jUr'm!

semun'kirhoja'nav.T. plead not guilty fj&f'S
jur'm-e Outdid' n.m. grevious offence”/^^
jur'm-e ‘ azim ’ n.m. capital crime ^ j U* ■ /

(J^£) jur'm qa'bil-e das'l ahda'zt ( pultrs '). n.m.
cognizable offence qdbU-t zma'nat

jUr'm n.m. bailable offence ( ■ Ur'm

ka mur'tokib ho'na v.i. commit an "offence
('JO’sa 'jibul-qat'l jUr'm n.m. offence punishable
with dcadi&lsZjurmiyyat' n.m. criminology^
iZtUtfma'hir-e jurmijyat ' n.m. criminologist [A]

. " jUrma'nah n.m. fine penalty tyjis.
^rj'. jUrma'nah it’na v.t. pay a " fine
pay a penalty \!/jt\tJ'.jUrma‘nak kar'na
v.t. fine jUrma'nah mo‘af kar'na v.i.

remit fine [ ~ prec. A]

C jar’nal n.m. journal ; periodical jar’-
C/S» nalizm n.m. journalism •^^jar’naiitf N.M.
journalist [E]

jUr’va n.f. (derog.) wife

ja'ri adj. courageous ; bold valiant
6Z brave interpid [A
^^ju'riKM. rinderpest

pjarayan’ n.m. (col. jiryan' Bright’s

• disease glest flux circulation [A —

Ml

228

^/jrjarW n.f. sixty-yard land-measure
* *“ * chain for measuring that much (arch.)
stick (,'Ji^'^'jarib kar'ns (or dal' ns)

v.t. measure land by chain '~£Z'jatib'-kash
n.m. land measure ^ / * •s'/jarib-' kashl n.f.
measurement of land [A~P if/}
g ^ jar}' daft adj. n.m. (pl. / l/^jars'id) periodi-
- cal ; daily newspaper adj. lonely ;
solitary alone ; unattended [A]

Al, jar n.f. root stern basis origin
r* root-cause )*Zjay_ (se) ukhar'na v.t.
uproot extirpate L't&Zjar pa'karna v.t.
take root be firmly rooted b?lff(j$)jZjar (or
>' rek) kat'na v.t. strike at the root (of)

destroy root and branch l^tHjarj'la adj. (r.J> ^
jaxi'K) having hardened roots

J fejara'val n.f. warm clothes ; winter apparel;
* * woollies [~ tfls]

rfy. jar' ns v.t. frame stud ; set (jewels)

• strike ; lay on (blow) stick on affix
Cfyjara'naSWjarva'aa v.t. have (picture,
etc.) framed have (jewels) studded cause
to be set with jcwclsjl%jara' , oo adj. studded
set with stonesJ<i#«ra'’» n.f. setting (of
jewels) remuneration for it OZjar'ya n.m
jeweller enameHcr paederast
">yjur'nS v.t. join ; be joined unite
be mended (of money) be saved be
obtained ; come to hand$ ( >f jura"! n.f
joining mending remuneration for it efijX
jgr'wrt adj. twin (bfcfSr'tB* bad'ske n.m,
pt. twins fijjrjwrva'tts v.t. cause to join ;
to unite get (something) mended
> ja'ri n.f. root of medical herb ‘’(Jjftft?
j a > ri fco'ti N .F. medicinal herbs
[ juz, yf.b'i’juz' ADV. except ; save ; except-
ing ; with the exception of besides [P]
v j&^&rjUfv N.M. {pl. I^ajzs') part ; por-
t i ori ingredient folded forms (of book)
ba'dan ho' a a v.i. be assimilated;
he digested ifj%Xjuz-bah'di n.f. bind-
ing (of bfek) with forms separated
stitched j)/jrj1U-dan’ km. ' case for fijjgjp^
one’s copy of the HotyQuran P ort *|^ r
folio satchel Uj£gja*tad' adj.

n.m. (pl. JfiUZlW* ' zarbl) factor
JCz-pagti adj. (of service) part-time Jrj'/tju'z-o
kui , tfjiXjiU't**** 1 ADV. wholly ; entirely ;
ja uil y from top to bottom adj. whole ; entire
QjJj'Atfyulrn layatajai’za N.M. indivisible

particle; atom ^JifjSXjuz'v-e layanfak' n.m.
inseparable part jjXjuz"i, (fsXjB'zm* (col.
jUz’oi) adj. partial Cstjtjuz'iyyat' n.f. details ;
minor details [A]

tyjaza n.f. reward ; requital ( blessing
' compensation retribution JU/ Jfar jazs'-
kallsh' int. (pl. ZnAyjaza'kUm Mah') God
bless you [A]

//X j°ZS”ir n.m. islands ; isles [A ~ sing, t/X"]

yjrjtz'-biz adj. offended : displeased ;

• * annoyed ; vexed . Vf,yyjiz' -biz ho’na v.t.
take the offence ; be offended be displeased
be annoyed ; be vexed

/jfjaz'r n.m. ebb-tide ; the reflux of the sea
J>jSJ?j a z'r-o mad', mad'd-o jaz'r n.m.

ebb and flow of tide [A]
c,yja‘za' n.f. impatience t/’/>tf%ja‘za'-o fa'za
* n.f. crying ; bewailing mourning

JA]

. y jaz'm n.m. diacritical mark making letter

f quiescent determination ; resolve ; firm-
ness (-/i (‘f 'az'm-bil-jaz'm n.m. firm resolve
settled purpose [A] .

9 yjazi'rah n.m. island ; isle byj-^jazi'ra-
h nums' n.m. peninsula [A]

jiz'yah n.m. poll tax ; capitation-tax levied
•* * for exemption from military duty [A~/^]
War n.m. (dial.) reputation (W. dial.)
U m merit ; virtue hams’ re

na’mak A* met jas nafdk' PH. our salt has ho virtue
Otir solicitude evokes no response

j^jis pron. who which whom

l/* What that 4(J*jis' par adv. at which ,
whereupon ; whereat Jyfjis tis pron. (arch.)

whoever whatever someone or the other
H~\fdfy'£ti(Jj?jis' tan la'ge so tern ja'ne,Jt£y
'(j'AjXf^.'fti/yj.fejiske na /Aa'fi boo a"i voh
kysjs’ne pir pars"} prov. nobody can fully
realize the other’s pain i/ffjfjis’ jis prov.
whichever each of which £ f/fjis-ja’gah adv.

where wherever jis' -dam adv. when

while ; whilst as soon as ; no sooner than
C’/jTjtf ta'rah (ped. jis' Utr'h) adv. as just as
^ktfjis' ta’raf adv. wherever in the direc-

tion that jJjrTjis' qad'r (or jis' qa'dar) adv.
as much as to the extent that JfJTjisjks
pron. (p. (fufjis hi) whose ; of whom ViTUy
jis' ki'sl ka adv. of whomsoever f f jis' kVsi

ko adv. (to) whomsoever \dj
ne be' H di Us ne kya' rak'kha prov. let none
malign the bride’s poverty-striken father for

giving no dower C^i/fjis' vcq't adv. whenC^r I ^^.rja'd N.M.curl ; curly lock [A]
tff.jis’ vaq'J bit adv. whenever

is* ka km' fi si ko sa'je ( aur '
ka'rt to fkih'ga ba'je) prov. every man to his trade
ka kka"e us’ ka ga"e prov. every
man praises the bridge he passes over g-i fyfl
jis' ko rak'kiu s5i”jah u’se
mar sa'ke na ko ‘i prov. he whom God protects
none call kill ke

hath do"i 8 s' ka sab ko"i prov. everyone is a lifr'-
friend to him who gives generously ' '

U^jis’ ki la'fkl Us' ki bkaihs prov. might is I
right l/s&'fjZif 7“ ’ bsh’di men

prja‘l*M. forgery fabrication j f>T ja’l-
*"' * sat' n.m. forgerer jjUfja'lsa'H n.m. forgery

[A]

ja ,r ti adj. forged counterfeit

(y* spurious^ ja‘H dastavez.' N.F. forged

document sik'kak N.tr. base coin .

counterfeit coin [A ~ prec.J

■ja' Jari n.f. lattice ; trellis

a kind of yellow flower [P]
ja||ia'</ari' < fjilfjrjuga'dari adj

seasoned huge

veteran

kka'eb fl'ri met shjud’ kar’reh prov. ungrateful ifl^jS^ra'/iyaA n.m. geography

person is foe to own benefactors /Jit'lf.QZ fiy&'i (ped.^I^/fighraTf) adj. geogra-

..i.-' r— r* m

ji'st pi’ya da' he vohi soha'gan prov. fancy passes
beauty

&,s r ,jasn'rat n.p. presumption intrepidity-,
J * temerity boldness audacity [A]
i^ffjasa'niat n.f. bulk dimension [A~

| ".J'ias't n.f. leap ; bound il\fi};)l‘/(j**?jas't
* bkar’n a (or lags' na) v.i leap ; bound [P —

i

y [ ~ (AJ f'ias't n.m. zinc LfTjas'ti adj. zinc (of
steel) made rust-proof with a thing coating
■of z«>c y

? -9 * tust ~ ioo' n.f. search quest
/• • justvjoo' kar'na v.t. search tjf^fjtist&joo'
ho'n a v.i. searched [P ~ if ~ ^^jus'ian]

** _ „~jas'ta jas'tah adv. from here and
**•<**• there ; desultorily
j^yrjalsad n.m. (PL.jljrfajsad ) body {A]

phical [A - G]

n.f. oppression ; violence ; injury in-
***justice J^&jafs'-peshah, f, isZjof i'

jafa'-she'arjj/liTjafa-kar' jaf&'-kt* y for

jafa'-gds'tar adj. cruel oppressive unjust

jilting beloved^^{sJOo/a'-lra'»i n.f. cruelty ;
oppression ; tyranny unrequited Jove ^ lit?;
joja'-kash adj. hard-working ; diligent
ja'fa ka'shi n.f. diligence liAizjafs' kafa' n.f.
hardship hard times trials and tribulations

[A]

adj. even (number) mated
(with) ; coupled (with) n.m. pair of shoes
ZjP'jGftah n.m. fold crease wrinkle _

crack threads running together spot adj.

bent wrinkled C fyzleiZjttf'tepar'nS be
threadbare have unwanted creases have

(honour) blemished (jfijuf’tl n.f. pairing or
mating (of animals) khans v.i. (of

jism n.m. (pL.l'Uffe/ram,) bodyifcUV"^
f * jis'm-e jamrfdi '
jis'm-e kayos a

naba'ti n.m. vegetable body 'J^Tjisma'm, ^rare.

(f^jis'mi) adj. bodily physical ; corporal

carporeal material carnal

jisma'nt saga n.f. corporal punishmentiS^#
jtsma'tA seh’hal n.f. physical fitness
jisma'id var'gtsh n.f. physical exercise
jismaniy'yat, C^Tjismiy'yot N.F. materiality [A]

~-^jasim' adj. fat ; bulky ; corpulent [A

( **. PREG.]

{jTT jojfc'n n.m. festival festivity rejoicings

jubilee (fU , cfcjash'n’e alma' si n.m. Diamond
Jubilee C%Ubl)jfjj(f?jashn-e gar' rtt J ot tila'i)
n.m. Golden Jubilee ( 3 Ph )l/f^t&‘jasKn~e
si'niHi (or ntq'ra’i) n.m. Silver Jubilee I f }*& n.m. (dial.) epoch

jash'n mans' na v.t. celebrate a festival [P) | L ^f ages of the world accc

. . . ., animals) pair ; copulate [P]

jamrfdl n.m. morganicjxjdy^ij^p*"^ ‘eZjaf'r n.m. occult science of numbers and
I'ni n.m. animal bodyJA'yrfjrVm-e s' letters ; numerology curti-litcrology [AJ

u_j.. ‘^jakarns v.i. bind ; fasten ; tie pinion

stiffen ; become rigid bring under
control join together Js^ ja kar-batid' adj.

fight bound strung ; taut ja'kar

ja'na v.t. be bound stiffen ; become rigid
be joined together

'fjag n.m. (dial.) world universe
W T others people ; masses ; public
jag-Wti n.f. things concerning < other people;
tales or deeds of other people^ li>CArjag-hattsa"i
n.f. public ridicule
n.m. jug [E]

of the various
according to Hindus

save little by little

aov. forever and ever eter- ,‘t fp jagmags'no v.l. .glitter

nauy always ‘-^fjug ' jug ji'yo int. ' burn ; brightly jag'mag,

Kve forever l&S&&-jvga' jags' ksr rakk'ns t£\& I jag mag jagji\ag adj. & adv. shining ;

V*jjQga kt rakk'na v.T. save little by little
keep carefully

AD J- (same as C^UfADj. ty «— t jag mags adj . illuminated glitter*

cud Occclc

jagtfhkar'ns (rua.Ct^jagal’na v.l. chew ^ - c„a.. — -

the cud ; ruminate

laundry ; bundle of washed

C/ ' clothes

L'S' jaga ' n V.T. waken rouse from sleep I

' make conscious of test efficacy of

(magic) light ; kindle [-cJWaus.]

jag' mag jag' mg adj. & adv. shining ; glittering
jag'mag (jag’ mag) kar'ns v.i.
glisten glittle dazzle shine brightly
jag' mags adj . illuminated glitter*

\ •f^S'jug'noo n.f.. firefly ; glow-worm (also
jug'ni ) thin diamond-cut locket (worn
in string tied to neck)

f'~ja'gak n.f. place room post

vacancy occasion JfJf ja'gah ja'gah
adv. everywhere ja'gah chhor'ns v.l.

leave a blank leave a post or place make
room for Ijyjf' ja'gah dens v.T. make room
for fix up (in some job) provide (someone)
a place

1 ip jut n.m. trick fraud , deceit ; cheating

C/* circumvention j\ £j*r •bag. n.m. cheat

knave l/Ojf jil’-de'ns, Qjfftjul kjte/'ns v.T.
cheat defraud dupe Vu r £tfjitl' meh
s' ns v.i be tricked ; be cheated : be defraud-

ed be deceived be duped
KS? jut n.f. horse-cloth housing

ftfoj*t*'** v.T. keep with care (only in)

N.F. rim of well n.m. (dial.)

universe j&ICjA ja'gat-ustad' ,
3 jJdA ja'gat-gv ' too n.m. renowned teacher

skilled craftsman [S]

..fcjZ'gat, cfcrzi’la ju’gat n.f. wit
*■■■*• witticism joke pun jtrick coax-
ing taudngjbJAfja' gat-bag, (fi jug'H,

jugat'ys N.M. witty person quibblcr
punster clever ; skilful cunning tfAcA

jugal bs'gji N.F. witticism quibble pun

O/jiAjU'gat bol'ns v.i. pun - quibble
indulge in witticism^}; ju'gat tags' ns
(or m*/a'na) v.T. coax intrigue entice
^JjcJfjU'gat-rafig N.M. witty person quib-
blcr punster

j/riJ jag 1 jags n.m. brass tinsel thin oma*

Ty mental brass plate
Jff jitfjtg} n.f. sycophancy

ji'gar n.m. liver (fig.) soul-heart

* (fig ) courage (fig.) endurance I
jig'rs n.m. (col.) courage endurance mA U * shs'nohne, tJlk-
ji'gar-batd NM. son child glorious [A- JOf]

ji'gar ckak' (or khoon) ho' ns v.l.' suffer a lot^i^ . jits' n,f. br:
ji'gar-kharssh', })jAji' gar-dog adj. pathetic; **• lish bumisl
heart-rending v/^/A ji'gar khoon' kar’na v.T. jljp? jils-dsr' adj .

& 1. take great pains torment Zry'sT tening nickel p<
ji'gar sokh'tsk adj. deep in love js^ ji'gar -sag' polish burnish
adj. tormenting (fjy'Jt’ji'gar-io’gl n.f. suffer- polisher nick

yr** n . f. horse-cloth housing

ip jal n.m. (rare) water lAlJ^jal'-bshk n . f .

U’ (arch.) dagger-play in water ; marine dag-
ger-play d^J^jat-pan n.m. (rare.) light repast
jal' pa'ri n.f. mermaid uAjtf jal'-larahg'
n.m. trough bowls or glasses partly filled with
water and beaten^ with sticks to produce music ;
musical bowls {jrtfjal* that' n.m. marsh ;
swamp : bog water and land I'rfuMjAjfcjal'
that' ek' ho' ns v.i. rain abundantly tfjJJrjaT’
to’ri n.m. (Hindu euphemism forj fish (ftjrjat
ma'nis n m. merman ( ,

Lpjal'la adv. git r.fied adj. glorious ^Istfjal'la
U* shs'noboe, 'Jtk^fiyjjal'la jala’lokoo ph. God is

. jits' n.f. brightness sheen ; lustre po-
lish burnish nickel plating clearness
jWf jils-dsr' adj. bright glittering : glis-
tening nickel polish iff jits' de'na v.T.
polish burnish purify jtftif jits' tot' n.m.
polisher nickel plater burnisher [A]

tfiA'ra n.m. $on child darling purgative lagna V.i. have motions

ji'gar kadi n.f. hard labour suffering /?/& (owing to purgative or fear; C^Sfjulab' le'M
ji'gar go' shah, A &Slakh’t-e ji'gar n.m. (fig.) v.i. take a purgative (A -P

son child ’ darling tfJfjiVi (ped. ji'gari) , ^ jals'ps n.m. jealous spite [-1^]
adj , intimate (friend) ’ hepatic [P]

ifilPZ jala'rjil N M - p l anklets [A]

it- jallad’ km. executioner adj. cruel , tyran-
nous la'd-e fa'lak n.m. Mars^jUf

j alla'di n.f. cruelty ; tyranny [A ~ Jf]

&lj ^jala'dat n.f. tyranny endurance [A]

* jalal n.m. majesty grandeur glory

Qv% awe-inspiring qualities holy person’s

wrath Jpfja/a'/i adj. majestic glorious
awe-inspiring wrathful invoking God’s
awe-inspiring attributes Cdbfjala'lat n.f.
majesty dignity ^jfit-yyfjala'lat-nl ma'lik \
n.m. His Majesty [A]

#•.!_ jila'na, Ujsbtjila,' de'na v.t. quicken
*»• (the dead) revive give a new lease
of life

t*jj^ jala'na v.t. (see nnder. Of v.t. if)

b jala-va'tan adj. exile ; banished person \
V/ct&jal* ‘-va'tan kar'nn v t. exile ; |
banish fac/jDf jala'-va’Um ho'na v.t. be exiled;
be banished^) Dfjala'-vat'nl (ped. va'tard) adj.
exile : banishment (fijfjttla-

vot'ni kl tih'dagt giuar'na (or basar' kar'rta) v.t.

live in exile lead the life of an exile
[P~A]

L jula'ia n.m. (Htfltrjula'to) (same as Ifc

¥ •'» N.M. if)

getting ; darvation 4 acquisition

• * Zirjal'ibt man' fa st n.m. deriving bene-
fit [A] **

, . jU'd n.f. skin binding (of bode)
volume copy fajif/if jib d baftdk'na v.t.
bind (a book) jL^jil'd-saz (nrch.A^iffjU'd~
bahd, Jjfc jil’d-gar) H u. book-binder Ipjrj il'd-
M'd (or arch. (JjfJr jil'd-bah'dl, (fjfjjgjil'd
ga'ri) n.f. bookbinding (fjfjil'dl adj. skin
(/^Ifljil'di amrai' n.m. pl. skin diseases [A]
ipjoi'd adv. soon quickly , swiftly
at once j\j)fjd'd-baz adj. hasty rash
impetuous jijljfjol'd-baga'nah adj. hasty
precipitate ; expeditions adv. hurriedly ;
hastily expeditiously rashly ; impetuously
IfWJ'jaTd ba’d n.f. haste expedition
joTdi n.f. hurry ; haste quickness , swift-
ness celerity st adv. quickly ;
swiftly at once speedily I'/fjJfjal'di karna
v.t. hurry up ' make haste hasten
expedite [A]

kp jal’sok n.m. public meeting

meeting gathering
get together- (in prayer) final
sitting jaVsah kar’na v.i. hold

a meeting sah ho’na v.t.

(of meeting) be held (A - <J*)f\

+lPja'laq n.m. masturbation ; self-abuse . self-
V* relief lags' ns •v.t., masturbate

»•(_ jal'na V I. bum be kindled be
enraged feel jealous be inflamed
with love, etc, (Jf ja'lan n.f. burning ; sensa-
tion inflammation heart burn heart-burn-
ing jealously sense of frustration il&IJfja!'
ttfk'na v.i. (or fire) break out ja'ma v.t.

be burnt ; be consumed be cut to the quick
become jealous V/lXjol' mar'na v.i, be burnt
to death lifja'la adj. (f. jail) burnt
enraged Caf.lffja'la bhu'tta adj. scorched
enraged J.J’otyjf’ja'l* pa’’oh ki bittl FH.
uneasy roving' ■)*’** P° T noon

f^ju'rakna v.i add insult to injury
ja'li ka'tl sinana v.t. say filings bitter and sting-
ing I'gfjala’na v.t. burn light ; kindle
inflame make jealous cut to the quick
(CflA jjda'. delta (or qal'na) v.t. bum down
consume Ujfjalva'na v.t. cause to bum
cause to be bymt

-•tpjaloh'dkor, jjjffjthai da* n,m. dropsy [~S Jf.
water]

ja'laf n m. (n..fyfutjlaf') mean person (A]

jilm retinue equipage bridle
• kejilou null adv. in company (of)
ahead (of) in front of jls£jilau'-kfu'n*k km.

porch ; vestibule open space opposite
palace gate jljJfjilau'-dar n.m. member of
the royal retinue companion royal savant

(P]

^ iol'aot n.f. public place crowd multi-
*^yTtude i/p/f)ol'vat meft adv. in public
jal'oat-o-kkatvat ,n.f. (one’s) public and pri-
vate life jhjZjZ&Jfjalvat-o-khal'oat nth adv.
in public and private [A]

.ip jitloos' km- procession accession to
l throne ; accession (rare) sitting [A]
jpjal'oo/r n.m. manifestation splendid
sight bridal display appearance (of
sweetheart, etc.) lustre ; effulgence , fa
jal'va gah n.f. place of manifestation place
of display nuptial throne J fjfjal' co-gmr adj.
manifest present ; in sight fa t fj/fjtfw-gar
ho'na v.i. come make (oneself) manifest
(fJl)fjal‘oa-ga'rl n.f. manifestation

splendid appearance ^Jfjal'oo-t toot' n.m.
manifestation of God to Moses at the Sinai
Mountain [A]

kp ja'ti adj. salient conspicuous

if* evident (of type, etc.) bold (of hand-

*L 232

writing) plain and large fiJ^khafi.e ja'll n.m tion crowd ^,V.jama'vat n.f. freezing

L f ft i andwrU,ng **$?-'* * congealment fitting f ~ ^caus.1
& pl. bold letters or type Si&jal'li aa'lam nm J

& *nv /Mikhuu 9 N ' /r'l r Jama » n.f. yawn g

, * ** ft ft" (0r ! y ft ,ypc or b0ld Ciffiltjma’H U'm v.i. yawn ga

. tCrs 0'J>V k r -‘je h n.m. invoking God’s name * ? , am ’ iam A nv Mial 1 oft.

crowd t-'t&jama'vat n.f.

& adv. (in) bold letters (or type) ; type or bold
letters (jf^Jjzik'r-eja'li n.m. invoking God’s name
loudly [A]

n.f. fried coil kind of sweetmeat

^A^jalW {a\sQ(jr}}ft kam-j alts') n.m. (pl. U*f
ji'lasa') comrade ; companion [A -</#■]
ADJ. (pl. Jfl ajil'lah) great iU-.s-
. trious glorious ^ 'jgjalil-ul-gad’r aoj.

illustrious glorious one of the elite of
society [A ~ Jilj]

J'jam, Jj&ljunuhed' (or stnd') n.m. name of
I* mythical Persian king ,\fljom~joh' adj.
glorious jike Jamshed [P)

M | i ~ jamtnai n.m. minerals inorganic
.natter (A -jU;] i

J* m 3'd-al ukh'ra, S jama.' d-as

(col. J j l}f(( itfjama' dijp-ul-av'val) n.m. fifth month
of Hijn calendar [A ~ jtfij

jamma'zak n.m. she-camel dromedary

ft) [AJ

a, i pjtma' n.m. sexual intercourse ; copulation ;

* coition Aar na v.t. copulate

(with w^man) (A ~ ^ j

n.f. party bodv ; brgani-
zauon association , society class
congregation congregational prayers
(jj& uaria"at-bak' di n.f. classification
jama" at - 1 vHkala' n.f. bar association,/
jama"at-var adj. class-wise 'j wiama.'‘at

se kara'mat hat Pltov. union is strength* jb/f
jama"ah-dar n.m. (pcd. thrjic^*fN.M. -jfc-)

/(1/ J ‘ yawn gape

[jJ JUT. jama' hi le'na v.i. yawn gape

7 ? jam' jam adv. (dial.) forever and ever

f*' hi jam ph. (cuph) nothing

never

* i*^ jim-khanah n.m. gymkhana [E game -4-

'•'f * PM]

jj? 7 jamshed' or jamshid' n.m. (same as (n.m. ■*)

‘tarn

jam" (col. ja'maj n.f. addition plural
' total ; sum-total receipts deposits
collection ; accumulation state revenue

(fjitfZjam" bah"di n.f. revenue ; settlement

settlement record a'ma" ja'thaM.r. sav-

i n &£/.f(j}£7‘j a ’n , ‘[- <1 -)!<ha r 'ih n.m. receipts and
disbursements debit and credit cash

account il/j^jam" kar’tta v.t. add up

total amass collect bring together
deposit (/jy^f.jam"-navis' n.m. (arch.) accountant
VtfZf- jam" ho'n a v.t. be added total be

collected ; be gathered together come together
be deposited amass ■

tfr jam'^dar' (ped.j ljstftama"ah-dar') n.m.
J " minor army ; official sweeper [P~

jum"oh (pei.ji'mo'ah) mm. Friday jd'j&f.

jbm" a jum 'ah atk’ dtn (kt
paidd’sh) PROV. (existence of) very few days
CijpZju'mt'rat (ped .jb'm'a-rat') n.f. Thursday
[A~

r jamHy'yal n.f. organisation league
‘■2'v ’ gathering peace ; traosquillity
satisfaction fi/l&gfjam'ty'yat-e aqvam' n.f.
league of Nations Jr£iJjgfjam‘iy'yat-e f^a'tir n.f.
peace of mind (A~

ma"ahrdar n.m. (pcd. tbrjic-*fN.M. -*•) I ‘^'Jjjamm-t ghaflr' n.m. milling crowd (~ A]
(A- dfT j

£\f* m ** " * weak^nd pocket money [P~ l&€j"* 9 gto*. JSZjam'ghat n M. crowd

I ia'mnnl u m /Imvnailbni fAl

ji^ jamil' n.m. beauty prettineas love-
w ' liness elegence grace Alfjama'li adj.

maiulesting divine mercy and beneficence
mere hi love inspired n.m. a kind of musk-
melon

h i? | jamal’ go’ tah, (jfdlf.jamal' go' ta n.m.
vy 0** a kind of purgative nut drug
prepared from it

• jama’na v.t. freeze congeal ; coagu-
late curdle impress hit (blow, etc.)

fix , affix jU?jama”o n.m.

jjfjn'mal n.m. camel dromedary TAJ
jj^jb’mal N.M. (PL. of n.m. Tfr)

i ' UTjum'mal n.m. system of reckoning according
y~ * to ‘abjad’ order in which every succeeding
letter has been assigned an ascending values [A]
ijfjUm'lah n.m. (pl. Jfji'mal) sentence
clause kll the whole adj. entrn
whole / *j>p u ' Jf.jum'la-t mo‘'tarizah mm.
parenthetical clause or sentence (something

con- 1 hy the way ; by the by witty interpola-

gealmem coagulation cohesion consolida- |tj on dfil-jHm' lah adv. on the whole

mitrjQm’lah adv. out of (these; of all (these

1 A 3

yfja’man n.f. (Persianized form of i-fN.r. if)

V' .

jam'na (ped. jdmSna) , (f.jwmn n.f. the
Jamuna (a northern India river sacred to
Hindus) (^fjt^tgoh'g-o ja'num n.m. pl. the
Ganges and the Jamuna (fflf}fgatiga-jam't&
of variegatedliue with gold fillings on silver
fi.* ;W«a v.i. freeze congeal ; coagulate
curdle stick be firmly established
have a firm hold consolidate take a
firm stand

u$l %J* mn3s ji* k.h. gymnastics [E]

jp jumood' n.m. inertness listlessness

" ' inactivity state of suspended animation
lack of vitality lack of progress

jumood' (ki ha'lat) ta'rt ho'na V.i.*

be inactive [A]

jr jiimhoor' (col. jam'hocr') (pL v y?l£/Vwi3 / fer)
-//* * masses people (Jjsf.jumhoo'rt adj.
demoCTatic of the masses C^y^jumhoorij'yal n.f.
democracy republic ; democratic State
bunya dijumhooriy'yat n.f. Basic
Democracy controlled democracy guided
democracy [A]

Jam**' adj. all whole

IV Jwa*' n.m. wing ; pinion wing of

** • army ziiljanah' n.k. (see imder

j> pref. [A]

’AWjoma'zah n.m. funeral
* bier corpse funeral
prayers foitjCr.jana'zah utka'na

v. T. take out fhnera! procession

( i»%*jCrjaita’zaA park’na v.t. say funeral pray*
ers*; perform funeral rites tjOrjOnama'z-e jatia'-
zah n.f. funeral prayers tj y tsligha'iba'naA
(nama’z-e) jma’zah n.f. funeral prayers in absen-
tia jana'zoh ni'kalna v.i. (of

funeral procession) be taken out (of person)
die (of plan, endeavour) come to naught [A]
•• jana'na v.t. (of midwife) assist in delivery

n.f. midwife [~ caus.]

,1 iyjam'ban adj. shaking vibrating

w. trempulous (jCfjumba'iti suf. initiating [P

pfr'jum'Kth n.f. movement ; motion
t/** gesture turn &>(j*^jitm'bish de'na v.t.
move shake [P ~

jam' bah n.f. (rare)* side ; part (fjlZ&jam'ba-
da’rt n.f. partiality (t/p^j^jonCbah (dart)
kar’na v.t. show partiality ; be partial to [A]
*p.jan'nat' n.f. (pl. OCg'jamtal') paradise ;
* heaven (lit.) garden (fig.) blisss^c^
jan'nat-e nigah' n.f. something wonderful to

look at delectable sight ffijan'nati adj.
heavenly blessed n.m. blessed person [A]
r. jan'ta n.m. (dial.) people ; masses ; public

vz m

Mp’jon'tar n.m. (dial.) charm still
s' machine (also tfjp'jan'tan) perforated
steel plate for drawing wire J^sy&jan'tar man' tar
n.m. (dial.) charm magic observatory

[S]

, jan’tart n.m. almanac perforated

^"^ steel plate for drawing wire [8~ precJ;

jon'tol-main n.m. gentleman
(s" jan'tal mat'ru n.f. foppishnejs [E]

to n.m*

0. encumbrance difficult embrass-
ment heavy work large family
(L^Ljjakjai' men par'na (or ph&hs'nz) V.i. be
beset with difficulties have too many encum-
brances have very heavy work have to
support a large family Jlffjatja’ff n.m. quarrel-
some or troublesome person
„ , juh'd-e bedas'lar n.m. otter’s dried tej-
tics (used as drug) [P]

jatrdr adj.

</■ jan&V adj. (f. or n.J^jam'lah)

U~‘ beautiful pretty comely sweet
lovely elegant . graceful [A~ JlZ]
win' n.m. (n.diCgjinnat' or lit. jyrjin'naK)

(s' spirit ; ginius ; jinnee headstrong person
one with extraordinary capacity for work
Mlar'na v.t. exorcize Clmffijin'tkark'na
be possessed fly into passion &\jrjinnat’
n.m. |»l. genii JOrjinna ' ft adj. supernatural

of. genii difficult (word or style) bad (hand)

[A]

I • ju’na N.M. (rare) (f. (fija'ni person adj.
** begotten lyf]

^iV/anat' n.m. Mr. the honourable n.f.
• * (rare) britik (royal, etc.) court ifjt
jan’ab-e aq'das int, your honour Ofjana’b^e
a'ft int. respected sir ; your honour <—
jam W adv. the respected ; the honourable tfimiOr
jmoSht mom int. my dear sir [A]

^ fojatm'bot n.f. pollution (resulting from
coition) CsCfty^gfris'l-e jama'bat n.m.

n.f. DOlh

coition)

pwtooition bath |A]
^Crjina’yat n.f. sin

crime [A]

235

J*T

rash ; impulsive zealous ; zealot
^ jin'nah n.m. Ft. genii [A ~ sino. gff)

jfcfcjin'hetf prov. whom whomsoever

jan'ja n.f. darling [~PcJ(f]

n.m. embryo ; foetus [A]

A? jane" oo n v. (dial.) sacred thread worn by
*•* Hindus 2 jane” oo fa hatk' jf.M. slaut-

ing stroke (in fancing, etc.)
pf jo prov. who what which that
* conj. if ; in case gf. io' jo' prov. who-
ever whatever whichevei yfi^.jo'
d&jo" ku(hh prov. whatever whichever
'&fzi 0 ' * 0 ”* prov. - whoever whatever

(thing) whichever rfy'yfJCjo ho’ so ho' pm.
come what may - no matter what the conse-
quences jo ho'U SO gpi' koja'e

PROV. whoever ventures a suggestion should
conte l^^^/^U^^Tjo pkaV (bak 'kha nakih’
vo’fa srAxi& prov. forbidden fruit tastes sweet
(kfl’rkegd so gi'rega prov. pride
goeth before a fall oVjy'Z-dlS )° sa'hari
Afca'V so ro'zah rak'kk e prov. he must suffer pain
who has stood to gain i £'2z4.Ui2:/Zjo
ga'rqjtt bait ba’raste Bahtti prov. barking dogs
seldom bite fyjttjftzj 0 ba tidi men

ho' go. vo'ls ntk'lega prov. nothing comes out of a
sack but what is put in it

~ jau n.m. barley garlic capsule
** stitch one-third of an inch adj. (also
jau' bjutr a little sma ll^/z jau-kob’ adj.

powder thick grain I'J u^jfojau-kob kar’na v.T.
powder to thick grain^/^jarirt' adj. hui\ey(jfyr&V
m'n-e javiti n.m. brown bread poor liveli-
hood [P]

f. J m > jao've basil’ n.f. (lit.) space ;

region beyond atmosphere
\ y, joo (in const, joo’‘e),jL*g joo" e-bar n.m.

brook ; stream Vfy/z£.jrjoo‘'-e sinr lana v.i.
do a Herculean task ; accomplish the impossible

IF]

* J 00 * w * ; seeker [P]

l J® 0 ” 2 N -**- gambling ■ playing with dice
'■** any game of chance with stake
joo”a kkel’na v.i. gamble{^ff/o'a'7i n.m gamb-
IcTifiJjrjifJjtjo'a'ri dkstda’ri n.m. (usu. pl.) .
‘gambler walking in evil ways }^££ljoo''e-bae!

n.m: gambler sto 4 ~£ joo " e - kha’nah
n.m. gambling den
*' yjoo"a n.m. yoke (,'jCl fjr.tT
* ka joo' a utar'na v.i. unyoke
be freed

, - javab' n.m. answer ; reply
- defence match; parallel
dismissal ; discharge ; sack refusal
jqvdlbe ba-savab’ n.m. proper ans wer^^ilf U
( jjfjava'b-e ja'hilah b a shad khamo'tti prov.
reticence is the safest reply to a fool (or uncul-
tured person) (jf»~>\r,java'b-e da"va (col. javab'
da"va) n.m. answer to plaint 'Lrtfjmab'-dth adj.
answerable ; accountable n.m. respondent
(fid' IPjauab'-de' ki liability ; responsibility

defence (in law suit, etc.)\‘jtft&f?jaeab’ dr' hi
kar'na v.i. defend (in law) be held res-
ponsible explain ; account for
javab’ de'hi se ba'ri kar'na v.T. no longer to hold
responsible ; exonerate .,UC£/I?]anah'
de’na (or de’ de’n a) v.t. & I. answe"r ; reply
explain ; account for sack dismiss discharge
reluse Jlf’^fijavab’ so' at’ n.m. questions
and answers argument ; dialogue&&ljrjavab-e
szf^tfijUsaf' ‘javab’ n.m. u^L>!frjavab' la' lob
adj. reply paid (letter etc.) (matters) call-
ing for an explanation I'Jl^LsIXjavab' tajab
kar'na v.i. ask (or call) for an explanation
javab'la'tobi n.f. explanation calling
(someone’s) explanation L'J(ft i L'lf(fkl javab’

ta’lobt kar’na v.t. call (someone’s) explanation
^f(^qal'‘i javab' n.m. definite reply
categorical No CJ’^lj^javab' mil'na v.i. get a
reply be asked ; be dismissed ; be discharged
be refused (something) ^y^tjrjavsb' fut'm
v.i. be sacked be refused Jijrjava’bl adj.

post paid (letter, etc.) retaliatory
counterpart n.m. chorus in elegiac recitation
counterpart (arch.) respondent

kn> javad' adj. generous : munificent n.m.
b Bountiful (as one of God’s attributes) {A—

>r\

jvovnd’ adj. munificent [A - jj?)

Jj ly j avar ' N- F - corn, millet

r M

r M

javar' n.m. fiood-ued&Jyljrjavar'-bha' ta n.m.
ebb and flow of the tide
javar' (col. jivar') n m. vicinity ; neighbour-
hood ; area [~A{£(ff]

pj\pi am ' re b N M - PL. Iimb3 a-zs'-c-

& *• java'rt/f n.m pl. body limbs and
organs [A]

ri ~ N ' F ' d, 8 c8tive me dicine
U • javs’riih-t jallnws n.m. digestive medipne

named after Galen [Aj

iSM >'»••«««. (see under £+)

/£jlf'J aoa ' ri N * F * cross-string over bridge of
stringed musical instrument
•jffjrtMz' w.m. justification legality ■
lawfulness propriety [A]

: i?* ja'va kiar' n.mV salt obtained from burnt

■barky ; barky-salt

it I o>) ava 'te V T - wheat adulterated with barky

.Mill o' jo'a'la-mokhi n.p. (dial.) volcano [S~
V jff/T flame]

ii^jama , lah A adj. spinning fast-revolving
JIJ?J**Mho''la-e jaooa'lah n.m. spinning
flame (fig.) blazing beauty (fig.) evasive
sweetheart [X ~&Djr]

i-jason' n.m. youth young man
& * ordinary soldier ; jawan adj. (lit. also (Jl/f

jaoaS) adult grown up young 4^;
javah bakkt adj. fortunate ; having bright pros-
pects JlS()tjrjma*‘-szU’ adj. youthful %}lj?javan'
mat'd n.p. man of marriageable age ifjasah
mat'd adj. brave ; bold ; courageous
heroic generous ; magnanimous n.m. hero
brave nun fine young fellow gallant
t .jfynau-jasan ' adj. young n.m. young man ;
youth ifj/lj?javairmar'dl n.p. bravery ;

courage. gallantry generosity ; magnani-

mity J)llf'j<aah'-mar'g, Jfffojrjava'na mar'g
adj, dead in the priole of life cursed
(owing to debauchery or high handedness)
jaoan' moot N.F. uutimely death ; death in the
prime of life ($0yjr} nau-khez' java n n.m. teen-
ager tyf.java'ni n.f. if [P]

^jav&’mb m m. pl. vicinity , envirous
. * part (of the country); area ^fjCfftalraf-o

java'nib n.m. pm. vicinity ; neighbour
parts ; quarter ; area sides [A ~ sing
•» j^japa'nl n.p. youth , season of youth t
w manhood adolescence puberty i
titk'lijavarii n.f. flower of youth freshness of
youth l '*y$f.java' in cfcarh'na v.t. be adoles-

cent attain puberty be full of youthful
lust attain youthful vigour (jiyr^fjava'ril
diva Hi PH youth is blind impulsive youth

I* P

^d&java'ni Jhal'navT. become old cross
the threshold of youth lose youthful vigour
tyxofcj o’sh e java'ni n.m. exuberance of
youth ardour of youth

Ap java'hir.'p.tfjavahirat' n.m. pl. jewelry;
*t-** jewellery essences ; quintessences litf !#T
java’ hit kha'nah n.m. jewelry v2.u\t J $/flj'jaoa'hir-
nigar' adj. studded with. jewels ornament-
ed /tfojjzar-o java' hit n.m. jewelry ; jewel-
lery wealth [A - SINOyfiT^ , „„

p jvb'li (or job'll) jubilee JjnclJJi'j/'ijZjj
Q * da'yamatid (or silver or golden) jubilee [E]

. jo' ban n m. female beauty bloom of

(female) youth well-developed breasts
puberty \}f(ltf£jo'bati U'bkarna v.i. (of breasts)
swell W^ffijo'ban par a'na v.i. reach the age
of puberty bloom l‘%££j l Zjo'ban pkaf par’na
v.i. (of woman’s youth bloom) (of
breasts) swell CWfyjrjo'ban dkal'na v.i. (of

woman’s (youth) begin to decay! 'h^f.jo'ban
lut'na v.i. be ravished \}£}(JjU(£(£%jo'bankl baba-
teh loot'na v 1. ravish “J LA^jrjo'ban k% ma'H n.f.
woman in bloom of youtn
.. ~j ot N - F - fight lustre wares in shop
string which pans of scale are tied
cultivation tilling cultivated land land rent
paid by tiller strap fastening yoke, etc. to
ox’s ncckCl^&fjotjaga'na v.i. kindle the light

(°0 m *

- ~j°°l n.m. shoe (.Cfiijb^C'Jfjoot' par'na (or
lag'na have a shoe-beating be punish-
ed have rebuff suffer the loss (of
joot (bal’na v.i. fight it out to settle mutual
differences ( ~ foll.] . ^

joo'ta n.m shoe pair of shoes llMllfl
joo ta utha'na V.T. A t. serve devotedly
defy pilfer shoes( joo'ta u'efchal-
na (or dtal'na) v.i. have a boorish fight
joo'ta ba'rasna v.i. have a shoe-beating be

hailed with shoes fight with shoes liftffl’joot'a
lag'na v.t. & 1 . (of shoes) pinch feel asha-
med incur a loss l jllfc joo'ta mar'na v.t.
give (someone) a shoe beating administer a
sharp rebuff put to shame by kind treatment
Df.joo'li n.f. if

!j^fjo'tis±, J^&jyo'tish n.m. astrology ^7.

* jot'shi, J^jftjyo'tisK n.m. astrologer [S]
j.-_, jot'na v.t. till ; plough yoke force
(someone) to do something
**>» joo'ci n.f shoe pair of

w * shoes sandals slippers

oo'li par joo'ci {fcarh.na

v.t. be an omen of impending travel S x uJj£)$5 r . pair comrade; companion tUOiTjor'
I’jljoo'a (ki nok') par mar'na v.t. not 10 care bitha'na v.i. dovetail fit in a joint jljf.

a damn spurn par jor' tor n.m. (usu. pl.) intrigue, conspiracy

rakk' km n'fi de’n) t vu. feed humiliatingly "£f. contrivance ’’fajor 1 tor kar'na v.
j .(sU/fl jjoo'ft ( orjoot ') pakar' n.f. quarrel intrigue ; consp
at a iow level conttant tiffs L’//jlpij)f^joo'li all joints evei
paizar' m ho' na v.t. have a quarrel at alow level de'na v. join
(j^r^Uf'Joo'ti &kapa' , t N.F. money extracted by \,&jZ jor ' lag
bride's sisters from groom by concealing ms shoes solder ad
4>n wedding day j/^&Zjoo'tl-dtor n.m. shoe lifter jo'ra, n.m.

adj. mean of bo consequence jf'fcZjoo’ti J * shoes !
kho'r(a) adj. given to having a shoe beating dowery n
joo'tiyatt Utha'na v.t serve with devo- member of pa
tion tiyah &a kha'te pktr'na v.i. n.m. costly (b

loaf walkabout be jobless v.t. take off the

joo'tiyati si'dki kar'na v.t. serve with devotion joo'ra n.m.

{Jfrtfjoo'tiyah gahtk'na v.i. mend shoes ljUjifp: ^ hand-ki
joo'tlya* k&a'na v.i. have shoe-beating £e nightingale, etc
taunted be humiliated LjLjC'Zjoo’tiyaii mar'na as rest for pitch
v.t. give a shoe-beating taunt humiliate h jor'na v.t
L>fj( njp L , ^toe'tiwfi mtfi dal bo$'na have a * .affix
domestic quarrel O fa] calculate

^ jof n.m. pair (of oxen) under one yoke adj. match pail
match ; equal [~ f/Tl by . save c

>£ N,M> generosity ; munificence liberality invent (plot, et
dpCS* ) rf} 00 ''*-? sekhaivat) n.f. generosity [A] accusations’
gjrjoo'joo' n.m. (dial.) bogey -J> jo'ri n.f.

£ joojk'na v.i. fight , take up arms against
V/J[Kjoojk! mar'na v.i. die fighting
„ Jau'dotjH.v. sharp intellect keen apprehen-
w> ** nonfc&yjrjm'dat-t tab '* n.f. quick-
wittedness ingenuity

.* —joo'di n.f. hilltop in Ararat range where
v)"’ Noah's Arch came to rest in Deluge [A ~ H]
-pair n.m. tyranny ; oppresion high

intrigue ; conspire contrive k Jj£jor' jor n.m,
all joints every joint of the body C^ijXjor'
de'na v. join , connect link set unite
i&jZ jor' laga'na v.i. fit in a joint patch

solder add ; sum up calculate [ - t j£)

jo'ra i. n.m. couple pair pair of
shoes suit of clothes suits in bridal
dowery match counterpart other
member of pair; partner bha'ri jo’ra

n.m. costly (bridal) suit jo'ra barks' na

v.i. take off the suit [ — ] /S&ftHi : * r

joo'ra n.m. back-knot (of hair)

•*** hand-knot crest (of hoopoe V
nightingale, etc.) hollow pad usedyfe^s
as rest for pitcher ’ etc. '

[‘jfjor n 3 ■v.t. joint connect set (love)

* * . affix annex unite add ; total

calculate patch ; mend • solder
match pair . mate ; lay aside (money) ; lay
by . save collect harness yoke
invent (plot, etc.) put (blame bring forth
accusations

jVr* n.f. couple pair peer; equal
match counterpart other member of
pair , partner pair of shoes. double-value
door pair of tambourines pair of cymbals
pair of dumbics>b^JS/o'Ti-<far n.m.
comrade ; companion colleague [~ fjjrJ
n.f. ague ijlr]

• -jmz n.m. nut ^(also $\si/’jZjau‘z-e
l*' Isharasa'ra) walnut fijzjaaz bo" a, IJir.

*** handedness ^^fyJT.jo&r-o si' tarn, jauz boys N.M. nutmeg [A]

lUl'mo ja&r N.M. oppression and tyranny [A] ~ jauzs' n.m. the Gemini ; the Twins fas a

. .pjo'roo n.f. v/ikfttfytrfjo'roo ka bksj’i n.m. sign of the Zodiac) [A]

wife’s brother ; brother-in-law I jotb n.m. zeal

'*t\'A\dV»jy.£>>JC\sa'* khuda"i tk t&'raf I k/f, excitement

&/Ul%VyjjS.Oj''*Clsa'rt ktuda"l tk t&'raf I
ja roe ka bha”l tk tot raj prov. one would listen to
the wife’s brother rather than the whole world
jT.jo'rao khas'm n.m. fol. man and wife
no ka ffculam (or jnSedseri) n m
ben-pocked Husband uxorious husband

CVdi-£)»— -<2 1 fysWjo'Toa naja'ta ol'lak m'yah
st rra'ta ph. one living in single-blessedness
^ jor n.m. join joint connecting link
>'M.seam patch connection combina-
tion addition total spelling match

Jp/i aA n.m. zeal ardour enthusiasm

excitement fervour J»ssion

ebullition ; boiling effervescence **»■

berance ^fjo'^ah adj. 6l adv. t ebullient

boiling • buhling up excited S’**

v.i. boil flow over effervesce* swell

with anger have zeal ; be fervid be en-
thusiastic be excited J*’ o*tatf dak n.m.
decoction WJ^Kjo** java'iA n.m. anion*, of
youth © Syfajo'd** khoon' (or Moot I) n.m.
plethora paternal affection ijikn/XJ 0 —
v.t. dtuage instigate dr'ea v.t.

i

238

boil cf-iJ'^josh'-zan adj. boiling in a fit of
passion fervid <f*j?Jo'sJtish n.f. exuberance
fervour enthusiasm j°?h' kka'na v.i.
boil up effervesce over flow ; swell
chafe fly into a rage be excited frenzid
M (fa josh' <nar'na.v.i. boil chafe be

frenzied ^of blood) have a sudden spurt of
affection U)jjy*jp , jo'*h-o-khaT03h' n.m. excite-
ment enthusiasm fervour [F—AJ

Jr.

jau'shanti.u . coat-of-mail armour
cuirass armlet [P]

joo‘ nm. hunger ; appetite j5l) l fc£joo' , -iil-
V>J» ar'z n.f. love for territorial aggrandizement
ft^t/f-j 00 ' ul-ba'qar, ^rfffioo'‘-Ul-kal'b n.f. glut-

tony n.m. glutton

[A]

^gjouftiM. cavity

adj. gluttonous; voracious

belly

hollow interior
spear wound in belly [A]

•• pjauq (ptd. jooq) n.m. crowd (rare)
O*' swarm (of birds) jauq' , jp, fa

jmtq darjauq adv. in large numbers [P]

w'/JT i m ~ kob ' AD i- see under t ~ ?J au ★!

frj o'kham m.f. (same as n.f. *)

/ jo'Uuh, (/zjo'kkam n.f. danger

( jeopardy risk ; hazard suffering
tribulation V&ljjfyjo'kkan itAa'na v.i. under-

take hazardous work jeopardise life or limb
under tribulations ^ffijj^ja'khoh ka kam'
n.m. hazardous task dangerous undertaking

otiutoAj *'- vx

endanger : jeopardize cause to suffer
jo' Huh - met par'na n.m. run a risk be
endangered jeopardize life or limb under-
go tribulations

f jog n.m. (dial ) the Yoga. (dial.) asce-
<JJT ticism (dial.) meditation lucky union
lucky moment adj. suitable ; befitting l
(CJl)jog' sadh'na (or U'na) v.i. (dial ) be-
come an ascetic lead the life of an ascetic
quit lay life JvjogM n.f. ^female Hindu
ascetic sorceress witch (ffjog'a n.f.
witcb Foreeress n.i*. Hindu ascetic

sorcerer: magician CrfCgfifofa' & kls ’ ** "**
raov. ascetics arc friend to none t/fjo’gija n.m.

reddish name of a musical mode a
kind of pigeon adj, reddish [S] ^

/£, jo'ga adj. (rare) fit; suitable I ap' j°'g*

W fh. suitable for you

jtf lah, {ex joo'lah) n.m. fetters ; shackles
OM v irons ; chains / J0(or O P* ba-jolah

or pa-ba-joo'lah adj. chained ; fettered ; shackled

[PI

..tyjoulan (ped. jaoalan) n.m. coursing;

* wandering springing t $$SZjau'lah-gZk'
n.f. race-course parade ground (A)

\ jaula'iA (ped. javala'm) n.f. strength of
QVJ' body or mind ; acumen ; fleetness ; quick-
ness ; swiftness (P— A prec ]

L ii ~ jaulaha, \&qjulaha n.m. {r.^^jaula'ta
1 ‘ tfpfjUb'b*) weaver

jaulahe hi mas'kharl mati bai'han ke talk-’
prov. mean person ridicules own friends

July (EJ

Ijf'joon n.m. June (EJ

■ n.f. (dial.) cycle of birth UfclXjoon’

ba'dalta v.i. undergo a change change
from one cycle to another

1 ipjoofi n.f. louse something very small
^wSOV 90 * moot'ha adj. weak-looking but mis-
chievous fyfJZjoo'thpor'nav. l. become lousy
r ,-jooh adv. (arch.) like ; as ? such as
V*' £fjoot{ toot' kor' ki adv. somehow ;
somehow or other with much difficulty
jooh'joot adv. as long as as far as jj
jooti ka toot' adv. as it was unchanged (jr?.
jooft f la adv. as soon as ; no sooner than
the very moment immediately as

rpjao’na n.m* improvized grass rope

gmall rush bundle for dish-washing adj.
(arch.) old

jaun' poor ka qa'4 n.m. (fig.) fool

jeon' ia adj. whoever whichever

/Jotk n.f. leech ^J^^V.^/Cpat’tkor ko
*^Kjetk' na'kiti lag’s prov. hard hearts never
meltl '^^prjohk' laga'na v.t. apply leeches
\PliiUDotk' ho ke li'patra v.t. not to
get away (from) pester
Qjrjoo'H n.f. string etc. of balance

jau'har n.m. jewel ;,jem pearl
essence ; quintessence substance

merit ; worth skill sharpness intellect
talent jau'har dar adj. (of sword) sharp
ffzjw'har dikin' n& v.t. show one s mettle ,
display one’s sterling qualities ,^/tf.jau'har-e
far'd N.M indivisible atom (fig.) unmatch-
ed personality qa'bil n.m. talented
person yjfajau'har kkul'na v.i. (of talent)

239

A*

(M.

be known shine /!?.& ah'l-e jauhar n.m.
talented persons J/jf.j au' hart n.m. jeweller [A~P

aA

r^pjau'har n.m. (dial.) Rajput. custom of kill*
Si* ing family before going out for (desperate
fight) battle i

^t^joh'r n.m. pond ; pool of dirty water

^jrjoo'hl n.f. wild jessamine (or jasmine)

0 jApjoin'dah, &jo'j>a, jifjo'yatl N. & adj.

seeker searching

yibindah prov. seek and thou shall find
^jjyjaviti (see under f.jcuiif)

u J^jehat' n.f. pl. directions [A ~ sing.

I ^ jehad' n m. (religious) war supreme

^effort [A-j#]

I igjka'ba n.m. leathern oil container
* ” leathern table-cloth straw plate
tfjyTjka'rl n.f. long-necked ewer

iiAjtlJp jha'barjhol'la n.m. ungainly person
• h’tA'.^'M'jha'bar jhal'la s a adj .
ugly loose lazy

rjhat n.m. chandlier a kind of firework
brake ; bramble (small) thorny tree
volley (of abuses, etc.) l>> t jbZjkar bahdk'na
v.i. utter a volley ot jtbuses *j l&f j &jhar jkoh-
kar' n.m. (usu. Pl.) brambles ; (small thorny
trees 0 / / * te^jka r ka kan'ta N.M. (fig.) whom it
is difficult to get rid of l ho kar
tipajna v.t. stick pesteringly to

jha'ra n.m. charm ; incantation £ - 1‘jLf ]

Oj[fii%a'ran n.m. (see under IvKv.t. if)

V J

'»a v.t. dust sweep brush
clean knock off shake off beat
(bushes) moult repeat spells or charms
(over) exorcise jhar'na pkoohk'na

v.t. exorcise repeat spells or charm; (over)
r'~pkxwhk n.f. locus pocus exor-
cising charm ; incantation

poh& n.f. dusting tidying up ^

yV^jka'roe n.f. broom brusiu^U'^^’
•*,* jka'roo bokaroo n.m. broom dusting
hyblrfJjWjha'reo boka'roo kar na v.t. sweep

dun. L'UrffjjUfjka'rao pkir ja'»3 v.t. be made
a clean sweep of have everything lost lose
oucV-all ; be ruined (C'j^bjl^jj^jbi'roo

•l~ jahaz.' (ped.jVAac')
vessel aeroplane

phtr’na (or pker’ de'ns) v.T. make a clean
sweep of undo ; ruin yj\£ jka'roo de’na v.t.

sweep jka'roo boharoo miina v.t.

be swept be dusted cbfafjka'ran n.m. duster

[ - PREC J

jka *1 n.f. bush , shrub ; a thicket
bramble

n.m. ship ; boat ;
(rare) dowry/UrtfjW:
jakaz ka jahaz" adj. huge iftfjL%johaz' ka
kav "v3 n.m. (fig.) one who has to return again
again to the same place for a living
jahaz’ ko lat'gar kai'na v.t. anchor a ship^fjUl
jaha'zi adj. naval nautical huge n.m.
sailor iftfj^jaha zi kul'ia n.m. greyhound (A]
jkag n.m. loam froth scum effer*
* * vescense i'l J\£ jkag a'n a v.i. effervesce

CllJbfjhag' la'na V.t. foam with rage
i. johhal' n.m. ignoramuses fools [A-~
(Jufl SING.^]

it# jkal n.f, box taste (of chillies, etc.)
left in mouth pungency large
basket soldering artificial cascade in
canals

.grjka'la n.m. short local shower eay*
rings comprising pearl rings *
jaha’/at n.f. ignorance imperfect
knowlege illiteracy fooly [A]
it/yjha'lar n.f. fringe {riUjIrJIaTjka'lar-
***• dar adj. fringed frilled
hlAjhal'ra n.m. well of solid masonry ; well

season pickles ,
cool (in saltpetre solution, etc )
m n.m. large hoe used in

for

solder

cascade
fcigjkal'na v . t .

^ * coo’

I * sinking wells
aL^jha'mar n.m.

' * spindles, etcydrff jh^tnar/if

jkoo'tnar n.f. illusion ^

tipjoba*' N.M. (lit, a\soj\jrjah a A) world
U ‘jahaz' a >a adj. world adorning
jahah'-afrih' n.m. God (as creator of the world) ;
creator c/t-XT jahah’-bah n. & adj. sovereign ;
ruler world administrator ^[/[srjahan'~ban I n.f.

sovereignty world administration (fiM".
johan'-Ht n. & adj. traveller well travell-
ed (person) eye a Vj 0 [/rjahal< -panah' n.m
His (or Her) Majesty protector of the world
int. Your Majesty jljlfjakah'-dar' n.m.

I* sovereign rule of the world (foUWjahati -dan

240 '

.L'jtf’W'oh, ^

mced/^f '*<** short view
ihM’- I dikha’na v.t. °^ c for a, cj,^.

dtkha'na
while

r 0/1
tor a, short

Ul*

N . sovereignty minion world-rule
jahah'-di'dah widely travelled experienced

seasoned veteran £ tffjaAaA'-

tft'daA hijar' go'yad daro gh prov. travellers tell

false tales jj^Urjatiafi'-soz adj. world-inflamtping *tjrjia"oo n.m. a riverin
ifljlZjahzti-gar'd n.m. tourist traveller ^ * whose twigs baskets r
globe-trotter ( fi / jUrjahah '- gar'di n.f. globe trot- n.m. pl. sk

ting adj. world conquering n.m. ••• ^ tion (of face) ; dark

world conqueror appellation of a Moghul face) ^
emperor Jehangir aha*' -girt n.f. world f J*\j[£yjha''ift jha^ifi n.f. quarrel ; argument

conquest ; world domination adj. of a relating *** ** *

M i, ‘ shortlived

trick

]ant firoir
Tad
discolora-
jpots (one

to emperor Jehangir Ojltfjahati-nfimo adj.
world mirror ‘fityjaham adj. pertaining to the
world i)l£ I ah'jaha’id adj. with (non-Muslim
names) the late [P]

johah adv. where m which place
U*'< while since tJ&\%jahah iak adv. as far
as , so far as tak (is)' ka

ta nl'lvq hai pH. as faf as this'h concerned Ur,
ja’haii ja'hafi, hah ka'hifi adv. wherever;

wheresocver^jjUfJff'^aft se adv. whence ; from
where ka ta'hah adv. as it was

in the very place , in the same place as
before

n.f. coarse mat (used as door,

• screen, etc.) mat or plank resting on
beam, etc' to form ceiling
/Mi***'** N - F king crow' loosewoman

n.f pubic hair ; pubes j

. fijr-fatijan, ^Jfjahjkan n.f.

U‘^ m anklet with small bells
JjWfcitfJi n.f. heat (of anger) 4
impatience cymbals
fjijrjfoti'sa N.M. wheedling

trick cheating ; deception
£ji- J b7’jta*'sa de'na v.t. wheedle
trick cheat deceive ; defraud
jhah'se mth a'na v.i. be wheedled be trick-
ed be cheated deceived iJItfjkafi siya n.m
cheat fraud

.'A-jkatk'na y.i. peep . look out of win-
** «*> tJow, etc. cast sly looks look fur-
tively VUjftfjkatk a’na V.T. pay a short visit to
* n f. peeping tjfojfclak' jh'ahk,
tfU&lfiltith'ka jhot'ki n.f ‘peeping sly
tools ogling jfyfjhan'ki n.f. (dial.) iso-
lated s« cue of play tableau ; tableau vivant
ibativah n.m pumice-stone ; pumice

bte than oia adj (r-ifjjUfjhah' , an) tawny

rr •
deceit

jka“'iti jkap’pa n.m.
coquetish blandishment

Ih ma”ifi N.F. a children’s game ;
round-and-round we go cawing like
the noisy crow

[ / JFjkab'ba n.m. tuft tassel

\ygjUb'ra, adj. (r.tfyjfjUb’fi) shaggy (dog)

rf jluip n.f. swiftness (only in following)

V ■ jha'pa jhap, i^fi^f jkap' jhap adv.
hurTiedly^.^fjkfl/1 se adj. in a jiffy Sf.
jtapak st adv. sw'.ftly ; with a lightning speed
rjkipa'Mr.l'L&jhifipanav cause to feel
abashed [~ t^ffcAUS.]

1 . *rjha' paps v.t/ pou.xe swoop leap;

spring fly (at) attack suddenly
snatch away Jlrtfha'pat n.f. L^fjkapat ja N.M.
pounce swoop onrush ; onset leap ;
bound L'A jh-apot'ta mar'na v.t. pounce
swoop leap ; spring make a rush snatch
away CdJ^fjha'pat le'na v.t. snatch away
pounce * upon swoop (of speeding
vehicle) crush fc/ttf J^fJ {or jkjpat'u)
meh a'na v.i. be run down (by) ijygjioptt'
n.f. onrush of speeding vehicle
../g’jhet'pakna, C^jkapka'na, C^fU> t palak
jhapakna v.T ‘ wink (eye) blink (eye
doze off move eyelids coquetishly, fear-
fully or bashfully ^ifjba'pak n.f. coquetish
movement of eyelids modesty Jgjbap'h N.r

drowsiness short vitw(i IjZfjIup'kl It'na
v.i doze off

^Jt'kat N.F. (pi .^brjtkat') direction
*— **• side reason ; cause *r&rj\is' je'hat se,

badthi je'hat conj. .ow'ing to ; because
of for this reason je'hat n.f. &
adj. (in) all the six directions
i >» jfjhax, pot,eZ.J>fjh4t' se adv

l quickly ; swiftly hastily , hurriedly

instantaneously in a jiffy

c/iir

241

** jk&i&Tna v t eat a little (usu, out) of a
large dish { ~

L&&jlUft' pita n.m. twilight ; gloaming

T*

jtw'takna v.i. jerk twitch shake

pull violently J {&?iha\'ka n.m. jerk
twitch shake quake •violent puli
shock (dial.) non-Muslim way of slaughtering
animals

L%Tjk8('ia! adj. feigned ; pretended

V* mock [

v.t. belie; give the lie to

falsify

Pjh&uiil' n.f. leavings adj. promiscuous

(woman) [~ ly£]

ff jkajjatNM, earthen flask long neck*

ed pitcher li^flkaj'ri N.f. small earthen
flask '

' jki'juknz v.i. boggle start with ;
. .figltt ; start or boggle ; shrink ; recoil
hesitate ; demur have a stage-fright
jhijak n.f. sltyness hesitation demur

stage-fright

r )oh'd or jok’d n.f. strenuous effort
endeavour exertion U^^jah'd lit-baqa'
n.f. struggle for existence [A]

-^jhUd'doo adj. cuckold

of tumour • 1

loud voice

lacking sense

nr jeh'r n.m
■ * y^C^kU-jahU adv. loudly audibly

J^jhir n . F. , l l/fikira 'ta n.m. sound mat
tearing cloth [ono.]

\j&j&jhir'jhna adj. flimsy (cloth)

audible voice

[A]

made in

Tjhilr'jhQri n f. shiveringfit shiver;
shake l# jh*r' jku'ri Una v.i.
shiver shake

adj. (of tree) with lopped
* branches withered drooping
. > j/tfjkur'mo) n.m. crowd; multitude (esp.

women’s) cirrle hiding the race by
throwing stole across itljlJs&jkSr'maf mar’na
v.t. ^of women) circle round conceal body
" with stole

at’na v.i. trickle ooze
n.m. cascade' sheet of
water oozing through ..perforations
in an inclined plane cullender ;

colander

jteniSi J^fjkaro'kah n.m.
casement window

vcntilatoi

itjfjkSr'ti n.f. (usu. pl.) wrinkle
' * jhiirnyMi 'put'na v.i. be wrinkled be
wizened,

n.f. chink slit

Kgjha-r n f. bolt (of lock) (also j^yla'r*)
s" continuous downpour^^/fytfjkflr' bt'ri N.F.
jujube ; wild berry

'lap n.f. quarrel brawl skirmish

passage-ai-arms

jharq’ns v.t. shake ruddy

’/‘s' gjvc (someone) good shaking {-(jJ’yT’j
fjkgjhi'yakna v.t. scold ; chide snap at ,
browbeat ^^.jhir'ki n.f. scolding
browbeating rebuff

IJjpPikar'na v.t drop (oflcaves, hair, etc.)
' * fall off (of feathers) be shed ; be moulted
discharge semen ejaculate J’Jfjkar'jal
adj. nonsensical
^jf'fpP'jharoos n.m. cuckold

dX jh i r},J>fjkaT N.F. continuous downpnqr
'ri lag'na v.i. rain continuously
L jL^jh-ak n.f. nonsense silly talk vain
* endeavourCi*i^&/fc«i' mar'na v. t. talk
nonsense make vain effort eat humble pte
agree to adopt the rejected course
jhak' jink cld^jhakan'dan n.f. dispute
quarrel wrangle Ji'ft^Fjhak' jio'ri n.f.

dalliance jfjhnk'ki adj. talkative nonsen-
sical

'na v.t.
* fc^TcADS.]
Pjpjfutk' kar n.m.

* * hurricane
jhakor' n.f.

cause to cry

harass [ -
squall

intermittent blasts
storm

waft (of wind etc.)

bow incline
stoop sliow

oss

.or^rjhuk'na v.i. bend
**• dip submit ; yield
respect to \ij'(*iy/i-&jhuk' kar sal am kar'na v.i.

make obeisance salute respectfully (dial.)
dip shock C^fjhuka'na v.t. bring (some-

one) down on his knees cause to stoop hang
down (head) in shame , etc. bend bow
tncliney|fJf/ta/- V« n.m. inclination flexi-
bility predilection

jhahdla n m. wafi (of wind, etc.)

j*J tfajka'garna v.t. quarrel have an argu-

* ment with ; contend , argue dispute ,
wrangle brawl Hpfjhag'ra n.m. quarrel

dispute argument ; contention squabble

d*

242

famak' ru n.m.

coqurtish beauty

ravishing charm

\ flume lii , n.m. bother

• trouble complication^ fuss ; ado
confusion {^Uf^jk-ameliys, l^^f^ibati'jhafja adj.
quarrelsome ; contentious "

, \jf? ihuiihlana. l£l0efc\jhiifjhl&’ uik’aa

v.r. fret and fume be irritated
JfaZfjbuti jk’Ia kar adv. peevishly JZfjijg*’-
jkifjhla’htt { n.f. irritation peevishness
‘'jhafjhanansy.i. jingle ; tinkle

• * rattle Jlfg^^jkanjkana' hat n.f.

jingle jinkle rattle

m n.m. rattle

brawl wrangle IMtrpB.jfuig rautha ns. v.t.
raise a quarrel dispute i'j1*jOCjhag'ra kar’na
v.t. quarrel wrangle , brawl Jlb&fjhagrs
i,io adj. quarrelsome ; contentions st.ii.
disputer brawler
Ufrjah'l n.m. ignorance stupidity
y ‘ jah’l-e murak'kab n.m. false pretensions to
knowledge gross ignorance [A]

~ johala n.m. the ignoramuses fools

»f. [A- S «, JlOi ■

H&jhall i'na v.t.' fly into passion fret and

• fume (J^jhal n.f. passions heat^J^

( ift}) C^jkal bujka 'n& (or mitatts) v.t cool
(someone’s) passions Jfcj? jhal'la n.m. large basket
aoj. (f. tfZjkaiK) ‘sultry angry
As" f n.f. ADJ. lustful woman

jbSda'na v.t. rock in cracUe swing [ ~

CAUS.]

i-.A&jkaljhal&'na v.i. glisten ; glitter

ache throb feel pungency have
■i burning sensation (owing to chillies etc.)
jhaljkaln'kat n.f. glisten ; glitter pungency

burning sensation

VJ&, jlH*' lasns, CU^jkulsa'nn, Ctfj^fjkv'las de'na

* v.t. bum scorch singe

jhulai'nd iVi/Jfjhu’lasja ’ns v.i, be burnt
be scorched be singed

rrifTjlui'lakna v.i. shine flash twinkle
appear ; be apparent J&jha' lak v.y .
glimpse reflection refulgence J&jhaiki
n.f. (usu, pi.) glimpse

t r i jkilmilans v.i. twinkle flicker

***• * glimmer undulate (as the flame of a. .

candle or water) n.m. twinkle i _ J ,j(&iha'nak n.f. jingle (esp

jhil'mil kar'na v. to sparkle ; to flash ; to twinkle | y Mets) [doublet of foll.]
Jf tjr .)kW miU n.f. shutter ; Venetian blind

'na v. r. move (fan) force flies,

* etc. to keep away be soldered

I j£Zjbun jhiini n.f. tingling : pins and needless
P * (Jl&f*? jk&njhunjait n.f. pl. fetters
jhatfji adj. (shell) broken at top
jkah'ji kau'ri n.f. such shell (fig.)
sou ; mite

UdT jbatjkar'nz v.t. shake to rouse

* shake rudely tfjjaf^jkajjko'ri n.f.
such shaking

jJ&jhMfid n.m. clump or cluster (of trees)
* swarm (of birds) t^f^Sr^jhiUld kfjhQhd
n.m. swarms (of birds)

ifag'jhak'da n.m. flag banner standard
l‘jfl&?jhah'4a gar'm v.i. vanquish; conquer
fy s !&?jhjxtida laihra'm v.i. hoist a flag4&>&**
Ifc&Sjhati'de par cbsrfui'na v. publicize
scandalize (fUJfjhaii'di n.f. flag ; small flag
jjpfe&jhatidM'U adj. baby with yet untonsured

jtfZ&’jkank

* ing

1

of tinkling ank-

cause lo move (fan) cause to

Jhalvo'nii v.r.
be soldered
^jj^Tikiltth' gii n.m. worn-out bed
* rush strings’ fabric taken
out of bed intact adj. week
lean

^jkil'li n.f. pellicle; thin skin
IT’ brane parchment

’ jhamjkethi i'na v.i. glitter

etc.

mem-

Ijha'mit-

jham N.r. glitter of clothes, gold lace,

c/jpjhim'ka n . m . earring with bell-shaped
pendant sahe'lijoti kd

jhum’ka n . m . the Pleiades ; the Pleiads

ar' n.f. jingle tinkle
scream (of peacock)
n.m. leafless tree

chink-

S'f'jahan’nam n.f. hell (f^jahannami adj.

| * infernal hellish doomed cursed

cussed [A]

*• .dfihat n.f. narrow lane between two walls
with their drains opening on to it
if j&jkoof n.m. lie . falsehood untruth
fabrication prevarication*'!*$*£#j£
jhaot btitdh’na v.t, slander ; calumniate VCtffl
jkoo j’ bana'na v.t. invent a lie Qjyi??jkoo\ M'n a
v.t. lie ; tell a lie jan'na v. dis*

believe £<£i*fjhoo)' sacp n.m. fabrication
garbled' version of facts • w <ft

If gx ’na v.t. slander . calumniate mare-

243

6*

£

present jkoot ka put la adj embodi- 1 jhoom jkoem or jham) kar *ov. cnjoyingl*

ment of falsehood brazenfaced liar in an eestacy

jko'na adj. flimsy n m. flimsy cloth
superior quality betelnui v.T. & t. work

adj egregious lie ^SSjtfjk/nt’ moot adv. all | (mill) to grind begin whine ; lament

kt pit' ok na'hik hole PROv. falsehood \‘g
has no legs to stand upon jkooi' ki pot' v )& ,

lies ; for nothing at all in jest ; jestingly
Cfj^Sfjtejkoo'tok na poo&h'na v.i not even to
show outward cordiality^^.yfjAAc'fr mufth adv.

with unwashed face (usu, neg.) out-
wardly ; just in formal way (,5&jhoo'ta N.m.
liar adj. untrue fabricated imitation
(work) spurious ; base unwashed (dish,
etc.) (of served food) no longer untouched
(of henn$) badly daubed or fading of tinsel
(and not of pure gold or silver) unwashed
(face, mouth) £%&fjhoo'ta par'na v.i. be prov-
ed false f* 1 Ijof jtoo'ta kam N.M. tinsel (etc.)
cmbroidery^j^l^Afjftic'fa mas a I ah n.m. tinsel
ere. used in embroidery, ka

bsdihah' n.m, arch-liarjK^jAKWtt n.f. liar adj.

false. untrue / fr^^' jioo'ti khahar n.f. a
false report : a rumour (jj^jhoo'ti qa'sam
n.f. perjury ' > .

tfjrjko'ta.lsjf jhoh'ta n.m. (f. jy? jio'tt tfjf.

* jkoh'ti) young (one of) buffalo
{^^jkojkra adj. {r .(f/ft&jkojkri) vessel with
Jr**' cracked sound
j k’yfjkaur N.F. quarrel

ij/fjakool adj. very silly n.m. ignoramus (A~

*cK]

i^fjkal n.m. bagginess ; pucker . rumple
QST‘ farrow : brood gilt ; platingll^^J^fjAo/'
da/’nav.T. make baggy pucker rumple
O&tfjfjkol' nikaina v . t . remove rumple
remove crease brood , farrow
^ypjhool n.f. housing

Oko"! a n.m. knapsack ; haversack

l)s‘ palsy blight adj. loose ; not tight
{ baggy

fibatil bau'le adv. at daybreak

n r. cottage ,

U* j]

mjhool'na v.t. swing away to and fro
oscillate n.m. cradle Ifj&jh.oo'la n.m. a
swing ; the swinging rope ; a cradle
^yfjhn'lt n.f. bag ; sack pouch

MjO'jkoo'mar n.m. forehead jewellery
dance number with dancing girls in

circle

I • or jhoom'na v.i. swing rock rock and
•O* roll sway to and fro stagger walk
with a staggering step be in an ecstatic mood
be enraptured,

strike with (staff, etc.)

Jp^jkotp'ra vM.tffcfjkoiipn

>• fjhotita N M. motion (of swing)

back (or top) knot- of hair (same
as l&fjhio'ta n.m. it) &U?fj?jkooh' tam jhan'to
n.m. & adv . pulling each other’s hair „
jkooh'jal n.f. vexation ragct^l

jhoonjka! ufdr'na v.t. vent one’s spleen
on) take revenge (from)

'jhohk n.f. sleep, (etc. as effect of drug)
lowering of scale l‘j 1 <— 'O'T jkohk mar'na
v.t. force down one scale of balance by unfair
means

lUfejkoh'ka n.m. gust (of wind) blast puff

doze c C £s ?jkoh'ke ana v.i. (of wind)
blow intermittently feel drowsy

’jhohk'na,C,j^C-j?jkotk' dtna v.t. caste
• (in oven)** feed (oven) with fuel set
fire to throw (dust) waste over useless vrn-
ture cause to perish in vain

n.m. well which is choked or fallen

in ' „

„ jahfr'-us‘saut\ Ovfjfojti’i+tjM*

us-saul' n.m. loudspeaker
j^’jahet' n.m. dowry ; bride’s portion (P- A

jhifik'na v.i.

Urr • whine n.m. complaint
whining

jhil n.f. lake pool (in music)-
piano’ ; ‘pianissimo’

el'na v.i. suffer ; undergo bear ;
Z. • endure (dial.) ford j^jkel'm n.f.
support (tucked up in hair) for ear ornaments
supporting jerk (in delivery)

.^SMP'na, C+S-jhep'rm V.t feel abated
Oe ashamed *^*^jh*tp, *tf£iktp*
w F . shyness . bashfulness shame

modesty

go n.m. prawn ; shrimp

complain

grievance

Lj&jh

'jhih'gar n.m. cricket t&jfyJSf.
"Mb' gar ciat'na (or lag’ua) V.i.

jkifi'gar

(of clorh) be moth-eaten
i be in an ecstatic mood J ,v*i *i r oat t
be overjoyed^;^ I if 1 J ° ‘ ““

245

A?

annex (trophy,, etc .jKfiStTjlf ho'na v.i.
gain a victory attain success VblfAjlr&ltff.
ji’tl mm' ns tut ha ri marina v.i. show intransi-
gence

burjetk n.m. brother-in-law ; husband’s

if

-*• elder brother third month of Hindu
calendar (corresponding to May- June)
jrtka'rti n.f. sister-in-law ; wife of husband's
elder brother

ja n.m. (dial.) brother-in-law ; sister’s
husband (fpjl'ji n.f. (dial.) siptgr teat;
nipple

Tjjr* jaVjaiuah'R h.f. name of a musical

W • mode

(ped. jaijooit’) n.m. Oxus [P]
jUFj&jii adj. good ; excellent [A]

tf^jai'sa, (ff.ja
5 * in the mann

.jnstudZjai'se adv. like
in the manner of such as according
des vai'sa Idles prov. when
in Rome do as the Roman; do
jai'sa raj ah vai'sl par] a prov. as isthe king so
is the msrtXj^ryjXj/L^ jai 'saka'roge vai'sa
Uu'nge (JiXffJj J ai '« har'ni vai'si bkar'm

PROV. as you sow so shall you reap (£? (^fjai'se
tai'se adv. somehow or other by hook or by
erookjf!f&Zj«i'st d?b> adv. as you please ;
do what you will ^ it is all up to you
jai'se ka lot's a adv. the self-same unaltered
untouched Ijf/d^jai'se ko lai'ss prov. tit
for tat; measure for measure
jai'st no# txfi'st firixritr prov. like priest like
pwrish (or people) ^
iFfjnish h.h. (Ft -cGjgJejwsfc') army

detachment [A]

ijP'jl'ghaA n.u. gold ornament worn over
“* turban (fig.) feather (in cap) [T)
fah n.m. carcass ; carcase (A]

Lfifjrl, lrj£jel''kkafnah n.m. jail ; gaol ; prison
*'** tyfyfjtr.hkej'na v.t. send to gaol jel'
ja'na fpxAoAjgje'lar, J?'f*iljdaro'gha~t

jel' n.m. jailor ; jail warden [E] \

.tfjfX n.p. rake

”** d?

*.F. jelly ; a sweet dish [E]

'Jf join n.u. founder of follower of Hindu
w"“* heresy worshipping twenty-four tiraths or
saints as superior to Hindu pantheon adv. (usu.
£V«tX)^ain o ult or its -follower Ljjffjairimat
m.m. fjainisro»[$]

I •jpji'na v.i. live ; exist be alive n.m.

life existence l&ljljl’ ufh'na v.i.
come to life ; quicken turn away one’s affec-
tions be disgusted Ltrjiji' par'na v.i. ^come
to life (of embryo) show signs of life££j«ta
A DJ. ir-^TyV/i) alive ; living iflfl^ji'tajagf
adj. ahve ; . living

that has come alive real substantia) (£££?
ji'te ji adv. in the life-time (of) fill

mak'khs ni'galna v.i. invite trouble entangle
oneself ji'ne kt la 'le par'na v.i. be in
danger of life

arjiyoo' n. & iNT. (arch.) (same as
jiyoo' hat' tiya, \J>f£jiyoo'hatisa n.f. destruc-
tion of life

^l\j7’jlr>a”i n.f. rent-free land land assign-
ed dependents, etc. as subsistence

j — j - —

yfajiyolish' n.f. same as^TN.F. ft)

adj. & n.m. courageous ; bold (f.]

■***

tfj/t'jiyoo'ri n.f. jury [EJ

. Jetf/jtiyocsh' n.m. pl. armies detachments

^*[A ~ SING. (J^T]

jumait'ri geometry [E~G]

L-)y^ jl ' van N,M ‘ hfc ma’ran

'*'*•* N.M.-life and death

or fiit (also called ji’m-e fa'risi) eighth letter

of Urdu alphabet (not used in classical Arabic
(in jummal reckoning regarded as equivalent
to g, ) three

/ ha bilk n.m. whip adj. (lit.) skilful
<-»v inactive agile ri>4rjf&a'bilk-das't adj.
skilful; dextrous fi-rflf&ab'uk'-das'ti n.f. skill
dexterity jlyiXUeha'buk-iaBar' n.m. expert
rider jockey horse-breaker Vjf^Xt^diibUk
mar'na v.t. whip fydab'uki n.f*. agility
celerity ; alertness fP]

«. i^dab'na v.t. crunch graw chew
• f [doublet, of L‘l%]
n.f. key

. dap n.f. sound (of footsteps)
^K'fad'moh ki dap N F, footfall

246

pal n.f. bran; husk

** V

j'id'ehta'par n.f. hard soil
#♦ ••

• m

^J^Jgtkaploos adj. & n.m. flatterer sycophant
(f%%c]iaploo'sl n.f. flattery ; sycophancy
fawning V ch a ploo' si kar'na v.t. flatter ;
fawn (on) [P]

ytfcAu' lur adj. (same as^irADj. if)

i'»a v.t. lick: lap taste J't'ct St

spicy-sweet mixture of fruit, gram,
etc. , spicy-sweet dish ; fruit salad relish;
taste craving habit^t^iijf&af par'na

(or lagits) v.t. acquire a taste (for) crave
(for) iC^j'jlIrJslfcllat' Ja’na (or lend) v.t. lick
up ; lap consume

?| n.f. churning vessel chum

n.m. (dial.) younger brother of
uncle (SJf cjia'ch* n.f. wife of
father’s younger brother ; aunt (doublet of
A# chador n.f. sheet coverlet veil

J V waterfall J&JUJjfphno' lot ki ehn'dar n.f.

wreath sheetlike wreath j> l?(fe.Jlo'he ki
(ha'dar n.f. steel sheet 'C.l. sheet ;
corrugated iron sheet t 'jCl/J^cMa'dar utai'na v.t.

tear off the veil insult a woman thus in
public C^jjljj^cfiadar orh'na v.t. put on a
veil cover oneself with a sheet Vl^jAcha’dar
bichhana v.i: ^ spread a sheet lay

^ »*n.f.

ufc

na'cpo
!«..• father ;

v.t.

the cloth cha'dar tan kar so'na

enjoy a care-free sleep lead an easy
life Ci/^ 3 ^fch d'iar charki 'nd v.t. place a wreath
on (tomb' etc.) i 'J^OgkJjf^cha’dar dekk'
ka^pa 'ft phasin' n& v.i. live within one’s means
CHf/^chii’dar tjdi vd v.t. (dial.) marry(a widow)
a' doe hni tfui'ri pair pas a' re
bo hgt prov. living beyond one’s means
ek'd 'dar hila'nd v.i. throw up the sponge [P] 1
j^char adj. four (fjSjbcbar' adnS' n.m.

* •• arbitrators a few persons public>fe/wO
\jjf[ ah' khch char' ho' nd v.i. ^come face to face
(with) see each other ^'fjjfchar a'i’ndh. (or
a”?-) n.m. plate armour I’jr’tfrftffjijir cfc' & ab'roo
ka saftt'ja ho'na n.m. shaving oH of head,
eyebrows, moustaches and heard being clean-
shaven casting orthodoxy 10 ihe winds
eian'-iagh n.m. stole with embroidered corners
^ij'fehdr-bd'lish n.m. (arch.) large cushion
sofa; large cushioned .seat j£>j%char' bahd'
n.m. limb joints ( l’/Jb I'D^^ch W patch ' la'na
(or &i/'i»a) v.t dodge trump up excuses

v* J ■? char- pa" i n.f. cot ; bed ; bedstead
L\ctBr-pa‘'i par par’na v.i. fall ill ; go tubed
V£rtm4jtrf*~‘$tyif(iiar-pa’'ise pith" lag Jd'na v.i.

be bed-ridden (of patient) grow very week
(through prolonged illness) have bed-sore 'Ajp £
cjtar-pa'yah n.m. quadruped ; asS-jib; ehsr pai'se
n.m. pl. (also) some money char'-tar n.m.
four ornaments or dresses (JCjUpchar'-tal n.m.
a kind of tambourine note ^l/jl^char’-ja'mah
n.m. treeless saddle cloth saddle Jr^jbchar'
cpa'le n.m. four parties thrown to room and his
relations by bride’s family lyjl^jf'char' chand'
lag'na v.t. have increase in dignity (of
beauty be enhanced char' (hash' m adj.
untrustworthy ; faithless l re acherou s>t>Li

char’ kha'nah n.m. & adj. chequered (cloth) ;
check dirJ^char'-dahg n.m. the four quarters
(of the globe) all over jZfaiJfti&char'-

daiig-e 'a'lam meh adv. all over the world
^A^ { har' din A* chafid'nl n.f. transitory glory
passing phase (of something desirable)

din ki ehahd'ni aur phir'
afidhe’ri Tat hai prov, to every spring there is an
autumn ( faljjjbchar-diea’ri n.f. enclosure

boundary "wall (city) wall VjtfjlJjAr ch*r
diua'rt kar’na v.t. put up an enclosure round
IjfcjlJjkchar' ga'nac baifk'na v.i. sit
cross-legged squat ^(jlrbjjlfchar (or

cjsahar') sham'bak n.m. Wednesday
char' {or fhahar') * Un’sat n.m. pl. the four ele-
ments (mg. earth, air, fire and water)
char’ kfux>ht’ n.m. the four q uarters Afj Uchar'
go' shah adj. quadrangle bfj^char gv'na adj'. four-
fold (Jjjlfcha'roft adj. all the hxwVJc^'^.iPfjr,^
\,’f Ijcha'roft sha'ne (hit kar’nh (or gir'na ) v i.
fall at full length on the back sprawl su-
pinely J^fjfj^cha'roti magh’z n.m. pl. the
various cucumber and melon-seeds used together
for medicinal purposes Aj^char’-yar n.m. the
orthodox caliphs [P doublet of jltfl

f. ,U^ dr i N M - char 8 e (Wi&G’j'gcharj dtna
(or U na) v.i. assume (or give) charge (of
something to someone) |E]

I I* ,1* da? (•<>) na-ehar' adv. inevitably
Jlgvlt J ^ whilly milly [P]

'oj\ftf>a' r oh, bjgcha'ra N.M. fodder bait
< Cfljii^cha'tah dal'na V.T. give fodder (to)
Ctfsjl/rcba'rah laga'na v.t. bait (a hook)
r ijcha'rah h.m. remedy ^ help expe-
^'^dient resource cure ^iikrch a 'ra-jo"i
(or n.f. seeking remedy
qanoo’ni. cha'ra jo"i kar'na v.i.

seek legal

remedy file a suit^Uy^a 'n sa'&tfjtjb jjf- cAa /a nji. bride's first departure
cja'ra-ja'ri n.f. preparing a remedy remt- groom’s house [doublet of prec.)
dying ; curing [P] eha'lak' adj. clever astute

~ A chaste' n.m. breakfast time, mid-momixtg UU}* n ing ; artful (fiZ&als'ki n.f. cl<

dying ; curing [PJ

A chasM' n.m. breakfast time . mid-momixtg

£jV[P]

•3'tehash’ni n.f. viscous state of a syrup
0 if freshly prepared syrup taste ; relish
admixture (of) sweet and sour in taste
chash'm-dar adj. tasty sweet and sour
s^j^&chaih' rii-gir n.m. chef ; head cook [PJ
“~U&aq adj. alert (usu. as )j>r ( j)Q^Aaq{-o)
V < chaubahd' adj. nimble alert healthy

in good health smart [TJ

/ •*, 4 a'^ao (vul, (hak'koo) n.m. /MK? 3 *
knife pen-knife If' •/ J \) T
ths'qoo ks phal n.m. blade of .knife
^—^j/jlrch&'qoo ks das'iah n.m. handle of knife

fP] *

/f ch$k n.m. rent slit cut fissure
adj. torn lacerated Jl^J^chak'

cun-

clever-

cunning

ness astuteness craftiness ; cunning
Vjtfllbchal&'ki kar’ns v.T. over-readi [PJ
.|,i %slsn' n.m. challan ; registering a
C/i f criminal case or forwarding it to magis-
trate for trial invoice bank ‘challan’; remit-
tance

J^chalu’ ADJ. & n.m. forty l^UdatVis
5 n.m. forty-year-old person Champion
who has trounced forty persons in various bouts
J^behalis’vatt adj. fortieth njt. funeral rites
on fortieth day after the death (of someone)
f\gr (ham n.m. hide skin leather ^/V r

'qoo kd das'iah n.m. handle of knife I * * d&m v.i. stretch one’s

fpj • I transient authority to the utmost ( ££}

/. ch$k n.m. rent slit cut fissure * yfo&ahp n.f. chop fried (mutton, etc.)
adj. torn lacerated ji'Jffchak’ v *r chop [ ~E corr.)
chsk adv. tom (with grief) X/Jb 4 ’’kar'ns IjlU^akp n.f. part of gun connecting barrel

v.t. tear rend g<V

6 a* n.m. collar slit is)? gif e' bail- (hah adj

mad afflicted sad [P]

F <^ak n.m. potter’s wheel
W? sugar-making vessel pulley

nj*. chalk [C]

/( dia'kar n.m. (derog.) servant under-
servant nau'kar cha’kar n.m. pl.

servants &tk'rl n.f. service menial
employment servitude [P]

/f_chak'soo n.m. name of an ophthalmic medi-
^•jTcine used for its astringent effect
jLjvlpchak'Ift n.f. chocolate [E]

(i eha’ki n.f. name of trick in fencing, club-
d^bing.etc.

j, that N.F. gait ;■ carriage mouon
0 5 movement; pace (of horse) (in chess,
etc.) move trick stfategem tactic
method device custom^J^^a/’ cha’hin
n \t. character conduct (hal'na

v.i play a ruse on deceive * (at chess,
etc ) make a move adopt a method use a

Btrttegem walk with the gait (of)Jla/j!f(hsl'
4kal s.r. gait pace (of horse) manner;
mode ; style I'ijiJgJki «&*/' mrU s’ ns v.i.
fall into the trap (of) be cheatedJfdr^a/'-ia*
ylfcba'lij’a adj. & xcm trickster tricky
person {■*. (^jp)

^ with stock ; lock (of gun) (arch.) arrow
ibfcjldtshp charh&'na v.t. cock a gun
. .V* halt' pa n.f. (in book-binding) leaf etc.

Ytzl pasted with a folded forme dough
jki^ dak'ta n.m. slap; cuff

V chafl'ta lags' ns (or pseudo- peel rajid' katas)
v.i. slap ; cuff

•/ n.m. moon new moon lunar

f month white spot on animal’s forehead
target n.f. crown ; pate^f^>££^ 4 (#i^>£
duitid' pat (kooks ap'nt hi math par s' la hai prov.
bid to malign a noble character is self-condem-
natory tjfetr (baud' -ts'rs v.frVjijfehakd'-chart. na
v 1 . (of new moon) appear (of moon)
ris c&fjCbthafid'-rat n.f. night of the new moon;
first night of lunar month Ip ss

mkk'ra N.M. & adj. bright lovely (face)(*^£{r
ehaUdkafuk'ra n.m. & adj very lovely (figure)
[ptfj&ythrtd ko gat at' han lag ns v.t. (of
moon) eclipse (g/V^jg gat" han (or
garai'han) n.m. lunar eclipse (fjkJIr&AUd'-ms'rt
n.f, target practice rifie range
fhshd'ms'ri kar'ns v.i. practice firing at a target
ks (hhUd' n.m. appearance of
eleventh Hijri month’s moon (so called because
the month has no festival falling in it) Cj ftJfe
(ha V ho'na v.t. (of new moon) be sighted ,
appear Ctyjlr &?***' ks <j | and he jn'na v 1 . br
seen very rarely . appear at long ml«rv.xl<
ns « hs'ht kmn'ds

a handsome fece needs no paints IJL^cbabd'na
n.m. (rare & arch*) light ftjZ\f(baltd'nl n.f.
moonlight moonbeams doth spread over a
carpet a kind of Bower
ekakd'm dia’tabm (or fbha’takna) v.i. (of moon-
light) spread yXftjJf&ahd'td kbil'na v.i. (of
moonlight) spread rat n.f. * noon ~

lit night

./ 'i g|a*'/i n.f. silver wealth gain ;

1 profit ashes<$j0^>j&<tft'<& ka vo’raq
mm. silver leaf fyt/tfji kar ir'aa v.i.
burn down to ashes M

(or keja’na) v.i. make good money be
burnt down to ashes
^^^tkatu'lar MM. chancellor (E]

, j . * (vulg. Jy^s&3*'ro0 Wi. ri<*

< rice-dish one-eighth of ‘ratti*

* |^«4aA km. well pit ba'lil

9 f n.m. the Babylonian pit (where Haroot and
Maroot were hung by the heels as penalty for
their love for Venus) • the (Oriental) Tartarus
ufjojfdta'h-* laqan^lfi'ftetha'h-e zanakKd&ti N.M.
dimple of the chin ' J^^iIf.j/J^jf’Aah'^kan ra
(bah' dor pfdt’ mov. he # *who mgs a well for others
often falls into it (.J&ilr&a' hre mkkshab n.m.

Muqanna’s welfwith artificial moon at its
bottom marvel of magic^E&a'Al adj. well-
irrigated (land) (P]

f i .tAaA n.f. love fondness longing
fl Y want ; need vtiih&facbahai k.t. want;
need fondness love Jfr^cha'ho conj. (do
what) you will either.. .or J - poll.]
l^f.dtah'ea v.T. like love ask for
y wartt ; need desire require pray ;
request order aim e£^4ta' htye mix. v.
should ; ought must have to adv. die
rightj^-^fila'Ar con;, no matter wh»t ^»V 1

\ cba'he cohj. either or &

fba'hi jit'na adv. howsoever much ; however
great S&J't&tihtjo adv. whoever what-
ever whuttvtr^Asht'ta NM. (f.^inbahe'tl)
sweetheart : beloved adj. favourite

fiM'V n.m* eagerness keenness

longing gusto Ao&la n.m.

(usu. pl.) fondling dalliance eagerness
n.m. herald door-keeper •

janitor [T]

/K . * l '« tj a"oofi (ba"ooit n.f. (same as
n.f. if)

<£a"r n.f. tea po'dii n.f.

(*rcb-J (same « n.f.

cJa'Vrfa'n* n.f. [P - Chinese]

/ jflcba'ih (h&''ih (Jj^fJfbdi&'onh eha"o«1i
V N F - fuss ‘. ado

... diabana v.t. chew masticate gnaw

v crunch champ bitet^Cr^tijl^J
ckaba (baba’ ke bat’ kar’na v.i. ^ - mince one s

words speak affectedly ab’ni had dt

n.f. cartilage ; gristle f'l^^afoa'na V.T. cause to
chew ; cause to masticate &an*

fbabva'm v.t. set a very difficult task
harass set hard row to hoe pqt (someone) in
hot water

dta'bar Aa’bar n.f. chatter silly
><Vr^talk [ono.]

(ba’bakna x. i. (of wound) throb be
painful thus ^(/rAa'bak n.f. painful throb
(of wound) * '

Aabil'la adj. childish (disposition) g£j££
Vfxebibit>a-pan n.m. childishness
tf^cbabool'ra' Ijjg&abool'rak N.M.

platform dais terrace
t Utftek&bk'tta v.i. be pricked

be pierced be thrust be
goaded pinch ; be disagreeable
' feel pinpricks (fffcbUbh’tt adj.

& n.f. stinging ; pinprickstt^?*^ cbUbh'ti kaih’na
v.i. say stinging things (ffc&ft’bium' n.f.
prick ; pricking pinch ; pinching pinching
pain ’ pinpricks Cjf^bubho’na v.t. prick
pierce thrust (into) sting goad
i* O'chaWna n.m. parched grain, etc. for munch-
Vring ,

~p,ckap ADj.'left {side) £>4jgekap-rast twe. (as
drill caution) left right •Z'b^gckafMi rast
n.m. & adv. right and left ail directions

[P)

*ytbUp n.f. silence quietness stillness

•••i int. silence ; quiet mum is the word
don’t talk nonsense ; shut up cb*p

adv. silently quietly sneakingly with
muffled sound adj. quite ; silent reticent
i^i^tkip’ 4vp y (J^ibMp' g pNDj . reticent
r ' ytttx\xe£{g^re$iip’ (hup&'tt,

(btip’ke adv. secretly stealthily # sneak-

ingly quietlyl^v^fcfeu/>’ raib'na,^^};^
chop' (or ebap’kt) sadh'na v.i. keep^muiA :
keep quiet ; remain silent give no replytj/C^.
ebup' kata' na v.t. silence pacify ; appease

amuse (weeping child) ( [/Lockup' kajnn v.i.

(of weeping child) be amus*d be appeased
keep quiet stop talking^^J^ If (f A *P'
kl dad khuda' de'tn hai prov. "patience Juuh a
reward C0<~S&up’ lagan v.t. be struck dumb.

lose power of speech ho' 113 v.t.

keep mum : keep quiet be silent make no
reply

I P&ep'pa, tg&op'pah n.m. hand breadth
y*very little space t %gthap'pa (hap' pa n.m.
every inch of ground ; every nook and comer
1‘Acf^^^Aap’pa (tap' pa (khan mar'na v.t.
look all over the place ; search every nook and
corner

/t~-tkapana v.t. humiliate cause to feel
shame cause to smart (caus -
.*)! fAap&'G n.f thin cake of unleavened dough;
*r£Vchupatty

. Ll&e!l*Pa'Mt n.f depredation assault by
detachment [P]

— pat n.m. slap cuff box re-

r^bulT Cjggj&Ckt mufih par &a'paL pl. (esp.)

rebuff} (Jp (ho' pat laga'na (or jar'na)
vt. slap 'rebuff

^(hap'ta ^dj. (f figckop'n) flat flatten-
ed compressed n.m. flat-nosed person
'potnd v t cling (to) stick (to)

* adhere (to) be joined (to) embrace
I'lgAipta'na v.t glue stick join
fasten patch embrace

AD J- flat flattened compress-
or ed n.f flat-nosed woman female
homosexuality 0^(j$skap'\\ktu\'na v.t & t.
(of woman) practise homosexuality
I* ly^tSk'Pfktpana v. be sticky be glia-
"tf** tinoiis be adhesive Lgtchip'chipa
adj. sticky glutinous adhesive

skipehipa'hat n.f stickiness glutinoih&ess
adhesiveness

[ p.Sfr&opras N.F peons* breast-plate
^ XT”’* °® Ce (fy^rAapra'si n.m. peon

embrace

compress-
female
y.t & t.

be glia-

^artkopras n.f. peons* breast-plate
><^j>eon’s office (fJgAapra'si n.m. peon

l)*J(0sLup'ri ro’tl n. f buttered bread ; bes*
meared bn*,d,} S) jjltf)%shup'i1 aur da' do raov
you cannot eat your cake and have it too
&j£jTtkapqMlatfi (col gj ap'qatish ) n.f had
U X* blood row ; alteration struggle

strife (old use), sword fight [T]
im sC?diippalc &?&ip'pakhK.r goatsucker

[ , Jj>'A.i pakna v.t. stick be pasted be
“v^affixed adhere be compressed ; be
flattened ; be flat £lj£chipka'na v.t. stick
paste afiix cause to adhere compress
flatten

'JUfckop kan n.f. a kind of 'angrakha now
n/X ‘forming part of peon’s livery [PJ

\gchap‘pal, ( hZchap'li n.f. .,e_
K-*sandJe slipper A

iVyy chap'na v.i.
"v’humiliated

Wk

feel .? (I

iJt Pckap'n* n.f. lid (for pot or ^

pitcher) ■ knee-cap^/lM^'P -

tg^rAc'par tha'pat n.f. sound of lapping n.f. mind memory

UndCS,reable Sound made in eat |“g ^fidea adj. supine adv lying on
jabbar adv. m an unmannerly fashion (ijjrte. .

&a'par-khaf,'di hm. loose woman P" ***** VT &

cha'Pet ghafioo kar kt ph. havine involv^d'ln P 0 ^ 55100 of (someone’s) mind be re

(hfl'Ps! ghat'ioo kar kt ph. having involved in
trouble Is Qijlig&a’par-qana'ti/a adi. & n.m.
mean (person) sycophant
{kCffkap'n n.m. blear-eyed one with
constant discharge from eyes
ijgAip'ra ADJ. & N.f. purified (sealing-wax)

chfi par na v.t. besmear (bread with
SX* butter (one’s bread) anoint lubricate
oil ,| grease adj. buttered
oiled greasy (usu. AMp ri)

plausible cajoling said with r facile tongue

(tap' ai bkar pan mrt doob' m „> T g^
shame ; fie ; die of shame

chop’ poo n.m. . oar ; paddle l itigjf*
Af’&app'oo &a\a'na v.t. row. KjU
paddle ; oar • propel with oars Ifra

ehapo'ta n M. slap Cuff

i\ jfchapo'tt n.f tattered turban worn-out
cap caved-in hat

~ chap' pi n.f. massage , kneading (of limbs)
(fx* CJttffhapp pi kar'na v.t. knead (some-
one's limbs (fig.) coax ; cajole (fig.) serve
(jfifhip'pi n.f. (same as g£rN.F •*)

> jj&apti' n.f. slap bias* shock

sudden loss

“ ~fhit n.f. mind memory thought

'd«a adj. supine adv lying on the back
(hark'ita vt & 1 . take
possession of (someone’s) mind be remember,
ed by ride, etc. on the backof j%£f'(hi t '-(h or
adj. heartcnticing n.m. darling beloved

sweetheart l kar'na v.t (in wrestling
defeat ; throw (someone 1 on his back oven
come overpower discomfit ht na

v.t. lie on one’s back
C^di'ta n r pyre ; funeral pile

N.M. tirnh fella parasol garden
umbrella

1

~pAit'rJ%Ait'ra n.m. (dial.) picture
painting jj^f^ckit'ra-kur n.m. (dial.)
artist painter [S]

cka'lurjlr<ha'lur adj. & n.m'. clever
/ trickster cunning n.f.
cleverness ,, cunning

f&rchttkab'r^rt&f?" (f. &~gchitkab'n ),

: cb.it' la (p . Jtchil'li) ‘spotted speckled
.jf chit' van n.f. ' countenance ; visage

sight ; look ; glance aspect . appearance
looks (irfytfSfchil'van cbarhd’na v.i. frown;
scowl : glower ckit'van n.f. frown ;

fcow! • $\ov/ct il'van par mail' (na)

l&'na v.i. (not) to be* displeased (not) to

show signs of displeasure

j.*. v.t. tatter tear to pieces

vjvslf debase . put to shame n.f.
humiliation : abasement
iS^chut'tbal n.m. (W. dial.) court fool , jester
V" (fjjn^S^chul'thcil-ba'ii n.f. acting the
fool joking . jesting < ..

pTchil'ti n.f. spot stain scartts^;
(j** cbit'ti /mba'na v.i. ^become spotted*
ripen be fully baked adj.
spotted ; speckled stained scarred
^P£ch.ite’ra n.m. metalware engraver

>_,cAit n.f. slip, scrap of paper note
^^Vscribbled on a slip introductory (etc.)
letter chit [Anglo-Pakistani - 0 s ?!

Jr^ -cjat, J%2Schat' pat Xdv. quickly
v instantly without delayl^Ji^J^Aaj' pat
/ro'wd v.i. die instantaneously : die in no* time

^diat mabg'nt pat bi/ah' ph. instanta-
neous "implementation adv. in a jiffy . instanta-
neously kar ja'm v.t. eat up

devour : consume lick the platier clean
t^chit'fa AOj. (T.tffchu'ti) white (only in) dj'b/
f go'ra cbit'ta adj . white fair

pi ^ebatakh n.t. sound of cracking sound

of beating spot spot caused by beat-
chatakh patahh' *nv. pat saucily
without* hesitation at once in quick
succession n.f. ^sound of crack smack
/ ‘i^chata'kha, tfbrchata'ka n.m. crack

explosion smack force (of) abun-
dance (of)

..itf'chatan' n.f. rork rocky ground . a large
block of stone ^

{,*( jg^ckati'm v.t. cause to lick 1-(>1 fcaus.]

’ V 1

1|>L <A<na**» n.f. mat . rush or palm mat

i Jt

fegchat'pata adj. (t. at’ pan) savoury

V * tasty

chat, chat n.f. re-

•f *fpeated cracks (of finger’s) crack
crackle A°t' bala'eh Ic’na v.t.

overwhelm (child) with kisses
f' t •y f^d.itkha'ra . (dial. (^iAat'As) N M.

relish zest taste smack cluch
Aaikhare bhar’ns (or le’na) v.i.
cluck or smack tongue in craving or appreciation
ma'tAk n.f. wanton gait
coquetry b) and ishment

cha’tak mo'tak se chal'na v.i. walk with a coque-
tish gait '

ij^rchut'k&a n.m. joke humour wit.

witticism pleasantry cheap but effi-
cacious remedy mischief St 'ku I a

chhor'na v.i. jest let off a squib
,\JfrAa'pkhna,C#£fha'takna v.i. bloom
L^**open out split crack . crackle

speak rudely takh (or cha'tak )

jam v.i. crack sp lit v&Z&atkhs'ns, £y$z,
chatka'na v.t. crackle crack snap
(fingers) split .

.•AT chaf’kham' a\'kam n.f. bolt (of. door
<T*etc.)

fegr chut'ki n.f. pinch pinch
lj -t (of) little bit snap (of
fingers) twist the hammer of a
gun C\^/i^(h*t\'ki baja'na v.i. snap
the fingers J^S'^^chut'ki baj&'te
mrh adv. at once ; in a moment ; in
a trice ; in a jiffy yfi? bkaf AD J- a P>nch
of ; a little bj &«'** bhnr'na (or le'ns )

v.t. pinch nip (usu. I ‘J (jV&cbUt' kiyah
le’na ) make restless tf IjljtO ut'kijob mu,
ura'na v.t. ridicule put (someone) off
with a joke show no regard (for)
n&chatki'la adj. (T.ffi&'chatki'lt) (of colour
gaudy (of taste)* sharp! more than
usual. unpleasantly excessive pJ^l^jrahgi'li,
chatki'ia n.m. (euphemism for) parched gram
Jj-chut'ia n.m. (also ftgeho'ti) hair plaited
^fat hack ; pigtail tassel plaited into it
•Jfchat'nl n.f sauce^ chutney any highly
seasoned paste jTsftflt’it* bam' n'S, Oiajfg^f

chafni kar dal ’ns v't.* eat up hurriedly ^
grind very fine beat black and blue blfXtS*’-.
che\’nl ho jS'm v.i. (of dish) be finished too soon

j ^pf&api'ns v.t. cause to lick [ -|>Vcaus.)

iefe

251

/ j?&at°’ T3 N “- gourmet : epicure gour-
JS* mand , glutton one given to eating
every now and \ht.TnJ*u^c^a\oT' -pan n.m.
epicureap tastes gluttony one wasting one’s
money on eating delicacies every now and then
N.M. skin spot (indicating diseased
conduction)

N.M- pay roll pay^ wages
account book inventory U^vkact'ch 3
ha n.m. unsavoury details account of
misdeeds ka&'(ha (hitjha khn'lna

v,r. expose (someone)

n.f. letter > note chit bill;

draft certifitate QlifftTdiit'tfH dal'ii a v.i.
post a letter rasa* n.m. (hybrid
compound) postman b^\ji^eh ifthiyafi babt'rm
v.t. deliver letters ; deliver mail

n.f. fine . damages ^(/^chat'ti
Uutr'na v.i. indemnify pay damage
lf*ckU *(i adj. (see under I^adj. if)

chuj'ya N.m. hair plaited at
*-*t back worn by the male Hindu
i*i£,chutya'na, O^ehutel’na v.t. ^
*S^bite wound ; bruise

j^_ chaf'jt bat'ie n.m. pl. balls, etc. used
• < in juggler’s tricks CillZL^thot'tt bafte

lara'na v.t. (of juggler) play conjuring tricks ;
juggle f rk' As thni 'll ke chat’u

baf'u PH. birds of the same feather ; chips of the
old block

yj3g<hatt'kan n.f. slap ; rap

(hatfyal adj. treeless (tract) desolate
(land) level (ground)

n.f. same as/f/^N.F. (see under Jgt;

Or n . f . *) "

(fra' (ha n.m. father’s (younger)- brother

cousin paternal uncle’s son (or daughter)

r^Mcha'na, fyfichtichha'na fjL&hvchya’na

V ».t. (of fruit) be bursting as though
about to exude be oozy drip (of cheeks)
be rosy ; flush

NF - '**dt

£jj £t<hath t'ns v.t. chew and suck (bones)

,^A a 'd& n.f. wife of father’s younger brother;
auntf ~

f~£’(h a (he'ra adj. related on the side of one’s
paternal uncle [ ~

‘fjehakh N F - quarrel brawl fc&cha'kha
y cho’kfa, ‘&'£,*(hakh‘ (hakh n.f. chatter
quarrel dispute wrangling bxawll>^^|

(me*) shakh' chal'na v.t. (of quarrel) take
place (between) V€(hakhya n.m. prattler ;
chatterer

‘^^ chakht int. be off ; begone ; avaunt

.•i e&fida’fffl v.i. (of female) have sexual inter-
" course t/!f t (hudas' n.f. female’s desire
for it : heat ; sexual urge [caus. ~

diad'dar n.m. (vulg. for j>\£ n.f. if)
chadar'ya n.f. small coverlet small
shawl [-P-'-’jf, DIM.)

\j0rchad'da, litfechai'dhs n.m. groin (also
pj, J/t(f^ c hM'4d gul-khai'rno) buffon ; fool
(sJfLchad'dhi n.f. riding on ( someone’s )
back* jZifjf, ch ad'dhi charh'na (or

tnr'tia) v.r." ride ’on 'the backl’U^^cArtiV*
charha'na v.T. carry (someone) on the bark
$sj° •Vjckad'dhi de'na v.t. carry thus be the

minion to [prec.J

pT'Char N.?.Oj%charra'ta n.m. sound made in
. * tearing cloth

tfci

bUjha

charagh gulkar'na V.i. . put out a light
extinguish a lamp charagh' pa ho'na v.i.

be angry jjfZ) ^charagh' ta'le atidktra
prov. darkness prevails’ at the lamp’s base CMfrUf
charagh' jal'na, i’Jftf'jj&JZcharagh ’ rau’slian ho'na
v.i. (of lamp) be lighted i'lif£/L?cjaragh' jal&'na
v.t. light a lamp dispel darkness q)1
charagh' -dan n.m. lamp-stand charagh'

dikha'na v.t. show a light char a' gh t

su'har(i) adj. approaching the end of
L^fjf^chardgh' se phool' jhar'ns, (/'£,< JZ
charagh' ka hans'na v.i. leaking of oil from lamp
(as good omen) ^charagh ' me * bol’lt

par'na v.t. (of might) approach i ng
charagh' se charagh jal'ta* hai prov. one lamp
serves to light others charagh' U

kar dhookd'na . v.t. search for (something)
thoroughly Offr ghi kt charagh' jal'na v.

make great pomp and show be overjoyed
'^'J^be charagh’ adj. dark ; unlit _jgr, •
’deserted home laoking male
issue Jifl^chara'gha* n.m. illumi-»
nations tf'tZehnra'ghi n.f. offering^!
for light. at shrine (
fhara'ghi de'na (or (hatha na) v.T.
make such offering

,#Sk

231

CA

Mjgr charagah' n.f. meadow pasture- graz-
K ing ground [P ~ cf]

haraita' v.T graze • pasture make a
** fool (of)

£(~chfirana v.T. steal pilfer: filch
* embezzle ; defalcate turn away (eyes
from) OS’J'ta&kh Aural m v.T. turn away the
eyes (from) ; dodge ; evade

fi&iVaftd' b.f. smell of burning leather, hair,
^ etc. ^

{/ljrctirh' , ta,XrlAAira"etah n.m. a species of
s * gentian ; gentian

i N - F • ( fee under (,j£ chir'na va. *)

(^Ij^chara'l n.f. (see under I’jrdiar'na v.i. yfc)

L ^~char'b adj. fat , greasy ; oily (of

* ■*^food) rich facilcgftji. sj£charb-zaban' aoj.
glib facile plausible (person )^jufAhar'b-

Zoba'nl n.f. facile tongue , glibness 'plausi-
bility [PI ^

p ckarbahk', dijrcharb 3*' adj. clever

~ char'bah n.m. tracing copy dupli-
^-^veafe copy for printing Ijfj^char'bah
atar’ni v. make a tracing Copy prepare
a duplicate |P]

.)» char'll N.t. fat suet tallow jW/Z

“* char' bandar adj. fat ; fatty greasy [P]

•

i lj , JP(hsrparzt’na v.i. (of wound) smart

fcjf tygcbnr’pan auj. pungent acrid
~fl/ftkarptra'hat n.f. acridity
- p<karil'r n.m. {usu. pl.) trick Sgk/tir'ya
tkasil'r n.m. (usu. pl.) women's wiles [S]
ar'di n.m. church (EJ

i — char (ha n.m. publicize spread reports
(about) \ijfi\tA char'da ho'na v.i. be
talked about ■* J ' ‘
of the town
publicity

Ifgrprcharchars'ns v.i. be hot ; be pungent
«nart chatter ; prate 1*jg&ttr'Aara adj.
If- tfjCAthar'dmrf) hot , /pungent
charjkara'hat n.f. creaking (of shoes or bed)
crackling pain

* artkar'kh n.m. sky ; the heavens sphere
wheel potter's wlteel lathe
pulley wheel for^ pressing woollen shawls
circular motiony^jj^iAar'Wi-e a khz Jr n.m.
ethereal sphere yftfarchar'kh-t at'los n.m. hea-
«•- crystallite sphere Jy^J^ar'kfbr berth'

be discussed become the talk
be publicized get a lot of

VTN

V.T.

n.m. high heaven ch<tr fa' nu

turn on a lethe I'tf&ZdiaT'kh khi'nav.i. turn
round whirl rotate rtvolvc tityfrfehar' kit
kaiujo'la n.m. merry-go-round [P]

I nr* y cfcar'rakh ch«ab n.f sound of spinning
t<^b/^Vwheel [ono.]

• (har'khah n.m. spinning wheel (rare)
skeleton aoj. lean nin.down de-
crepit kal'ita v.i. spin; draw thread

from cotton on a spinning wheel ft J khak

poo' a n.m. spinning wheel ana its conco-
mitants woman’s responsibility ; feminine

accomplishments CLr rfJ^Zchar'khph . ho ja'na

v.i. grow old be enervated tf/jthoT'kki
n.f. small spinning wheel gin reel
a kind of fire-works ; catherine-wheel
char’ kin fa»oos N.M. revplving lamp projecting
pictures on shade [ ~ P C"A^

n.f. hemp extract ; cannabis

; marijuana ; pot large leathern

bucket ^^eftar'j* n.m. one addicted to hemp-
extract smoking ; pot addict
isr&ar'ta n.m. large leathern bucket;

irrigation bucket bide skiiy^r
char'sa bhsr adj. (of land) as little as can be
irrigated with a bucket
j'jr&ar'lfcah Nja. (dial.) roan fowl
£

^^(harfJnUnah adj, squint-eyed mean

fCjftir* n.m. (rare.) filth dir* (jfe
• (hir'ldfi n.m. non-derplumc of an Urdu
poet filthy |P)

L/p&arka n.m. slight wound(ttf irfv’lMlfkar'ka
** lagan* (or de'na) v.T. wound
f/ffhar'kati n.m. one who feeds elephant
low fellow [ ~

C'j£chi'rakna v.». have scanty stools

Oj%(hu’rdbti v.i. (dcrog.) speak out

char'm n.m. (ped.) leather skin hide
¥ tfjgr&or'ni adj. leather : leathern (F)

' ir' mar n.m. pounded ; pulverized

/A*

\,Lpcb_irmira'tt v.i. smart ii^!£VA*nwra’i<7i n.f
smart ; prickly sensation

j.jpclm'ran n.m. (dial.) foor ^fjtJlj^JJ^cka'ren
chhoo'Hd (or le'tti) v.T. (dial.) touch the feet

(of)[SJ , . . ..

«* — rfhir'na'v.i. be torn be deft be slit
kJlt be sawed lVJ£<ktmu* v.T cause to
be torn cause to be sawed ■^l^chira’T^
chirv&'i n.f. remuneration for awing
I'S'dttr'n* ,v.t. gtaaa k*(*/(iewa’aa v.T- cause

to graze

0 Sharin' dah (rare.) MJ^ebaritd n.m. grazing

^ animal, qu^rape<UV ( j^&Aflrin'rf(o) parind'
n.m beasts and birds ; beasts of earth and birds
of air (PJ

fyjr&arva'ha n.m. shepherd herdsmen
(fiij^Aarva'hln.y. shepherdess re-

muneration for pasturage
iJj JZs t«ro*V* n.f. pickle berry

d 4 * a'rl n.k. unripe com cut for fodder

>_,<£(> N.f. pet aversion (someone’s)
mocking name nickname vexation

banter OV’^Z^ir’ nikal'nq v.t. banter vex

mock invents a mocking name (for)

*j%&ur n.f. vulva maia'ni n.f. &. adj.
(as swear-word) food.
t >_r efti'ra n.m. cock-sparrow.

V*

third na v.t. vex mock oifend

make grimaces

Aar' Aar, jtfc&ar' bar n.f. silly talk ;
prattle sputter sizzle crackle

Ait n.f, sizzle sputter

ifykhrSkir' &ixa An), peevish ; cross ; fretful ;

irritable tl^i^^Air'-Arrd-pan n.m. pee-
vishness , fretfulness* irritability
rbpskir'n a v.i. be irritated be vexed;

fret and fume j

{tbpAaYkii'na v.T. raise lift cause to

* ^ascend cause to mount put into
include enter quaff {gulp fix affix!

dye (with colour) string (bow)
brace (drum) make an olfering increase
( 16 ) augment VjfLpjg&arAa jd’nd v.t. gulp
down/kri£s4<jrfta'’0 nj*. ascent rise (of
river, prices etc.) increase inundation

£tJ%jlliilar' Aarkzt'o N.m. ascent and discern ,j
rise and fall ebb and flow Ijlert^charhavd \
N.M. offering , oblation ^W^Aarha'i n.f.
ascent invasion ; inroad ; incursion

I* *~skatk'ni v.t. get on the back of, mount
ascend climb rise embark
be offered (at shrine; etc.) be used as a cover-
ing cover Cr^Aarh'ta. adj. (f. %Ui)

rising soaring increasing y
tterk'ti jam 'id N.f. bloom of youth ; prime of J
youth CSbf^c&aifcrif n.m. paederast
i^Air'ya N.F. f sparrow : hen-sparrow
•» j/ V(dial.) bird y*jr^ihirya-gbar n.m. the 7.00
Air’ja N.F. highly valued

prize rich bag

A 1 ydkdrail n.f. witch (dial.) ghost of
•* ^ woman dying during pregnancy bag
vixen shrew slut slattern
jU^P'Ai'n-mar n.m. fowler ; birdcatcher [ -

1*/ ^chusana V.T. cause to sip suckle

.i~chas'pafi adj? affixed pasted stuck,
(✓vV sticking applicable aptllQt^Aadpofi
kar’tia v.t. affix paste ; apply use
aptlyt>j*(jL-fckas'piifi ho'na V.i. be affixed be
I >asted be applicable be to the point

{P~ et jr^'vT

A as F*' dagi n.f. adhesion

•*^yAust adj. active agile smart alert
“• brisk 4S*^£4flr/(oh ®4a/a^' adj.
active and alert clever (f^Ads'lt n.f. alert-
ness smartness nimbleness (P]
jO? a’sak n.f. (see underl^’v.i. -fc)

i/^chas'kd n.m. taste (for) , relish habit
(of) fondness (forjL^g^'jiar’ta par’na
v.i. acquire a taste (for) develop a fond-
ness for

i»/-,cha'sakna v.i. throb have mild pain
uO,h n tnk n.f. throbbmtr nain mild

1 wX^Aasak n.f.
sensation (of pain)
d>gfh1iski n.F. si
•lagd'nd v.t.
i» Q’chUsna v.i. b

throbbing pain

sip draught *»

sip have a draught (of)
be sucked be sipped
grow lean [ - Oj£]

00 s 'id n.f (child’s

V- 1 -

be enervated

U^A* s m,(T^SisKoos id n.f (child s

f soother [ ~ ty?] .

-•J^tAisA'S n.m. name of Muslim^

C? f mystical school its follower appella-
tion of its founder ^

pfAasHm n.f. eye (lit.) hope ; expecta-
( “• tion Jiash'm-e bad door' int.

God preserve you from evil eyes well-done
wonderfulj^vifr^^.^f# ii'jt Aash'm ba-rah’ ho'na
v.i. look forward keenly ttrjki^fAash'm-e bfntdr’
n.m. languid eye (as attribute of beauty)
(lig.) beloved ; sweetheart AaddarPo’ dd
n.f. connivancp ; overlooking forgiving ,
pardoning \l/(f^/^AaA' m P°'M kar’nd v.t.
connjye (at) overlook excuse ; pardon
(jjj(S£tjLash'm zddan n.f. wink ; blinking
winking za'dan mrh adv, in an

instant ; instantaneously ; ui a trice ; in a Jiflfy
fi&^Aash’m nutri'i n.f. reproof; reprimand
scolding threat rdua’ 1

ktr'm v.t/ reprove ; reprimand scold

254

(alsoy?^

llireaten fr'j^tfickask' m-o-charagh' {or-(jii-) n.m.

scion (of a family) darling I a' koo-chash' m
adj. gazelle-eyed ; (as attribute of beloved)
beloved ; sweetheart IP]

t J^rjhash' mak n.f. misunderstanding bad

^ blood (between) flash wink [P-»-

PREC.]

i&'chash'mah n.m. fountain ; spring

^ ^ spectacles ; glasses goggles

sar-dash'mah) source [P]

l\CjP’& a $ ata ”* ^ co ' < n.f. (descended

•'from) Jhengiz’s son [T]

•j~c&U'ghad n.m. a small kind of owl ; screech-
"®Vowl (fig.) fool , .

-jS^Augh’/ N.M (usu. jSjf&V&'l-Utpr')

bearer ; a backbiter ; tell-tale ; tale-bearer
pebble placed in hookah bowl to prevent tobacco
from falling dow n jJ'J%’dii%h’l-khp'r n.m. back-
biter . tell-tale ; talc-bearer^^^£llaghV-/tAo'n
n.f. back-biting ; tale-bearing hash'll n.f.
back-biting ; tale-bearing Cuf/ffstPS!}' ft kka'na
v.t. backbite [P]

JtJPdo'ghah n.m. cloak ; gown

.'ZtP’fhaf’ti n.f. flat ruler footrule
O < ruler [E]

(col. uXrfkik) n.f.' folding
^“•bamboo, acreen ; hanging screen
transpatent screen [T]

n.m. flint [T]

Jffrd&qah' dar n.m. beet ; sugar-beet:
beet-root

\ m0 &dik n.f (same as Tf'diq n.f. ft)

«j«

fj dtk n.f. back-ache ; pain In the
«, loins .

yj^ftkik n.m. (same asb^N.M. ft)

y d«k n.m. landed estate

L ^ holding Hindu butcher

n.f. delimitation of estate
y/ (hak'kn (dial, tftkak’ks.) n.m. rectangu-
tt^Tlar heap (of masonry, etc.) for counting or
measuring mass of curdled stuff adj. curd-
led congealed (V&i/frstlfyi&aA'ka batdk’na
(or laga'na) v.t. make such a heap for measur-
ing or counting > .

&pk' fhak n.f. sound
rapid cutj (witn sword) adj. fried in
lot of butter da k lauh'dt n.m.
pi. well-buttered morsels
j.y^Afi'ka-dfttttd' n.f. glare

{j 'zi.j'dika 'ra n.m. a kind of antelope ; ravine
* deer two-stringed guitar ; small fiddle
tfj&fhika'ri n.f. hunting knife

tkaksh' suf. dripping (P - cU&]

0&

Pl/L sftflAa'na v.t.
v ®VtDrice) in

settle (dispute) pay
(price) in full pay off (debt) ; repay
adjust or clear (account) wangle J d^dska"!
K.F. settlement ; adjustment ; wages for settle- ‘
ment : omission ; an unintentional error
fjj&gdlrta'oak n.m. settle (price) lark [P]

/gjj /f / Z&ak-phs'rl n.f. moving about in a
circle roaming &(J^/£v/r£hak-phe-
riyiiti liaa v.i. move about in a circle roam

about a aimlessly
l£jj?d.a'katna v.i. bise

fatty tail of sheet round,
round leather piece

tenure

curdling

chak'tf n.f.

(j "C metal plate
tablet

chi'katna v.i. become greasy be
clammy become untidy J^^tA'Aat adj.
greasy untidy dirty chik'kat

adj. greasy untidy
A (jiak’kar n.m. circumference circuit
arbet circle circular concise detour
visit fix ; difficulty misfortune confusion
giddiness . vertigo round about
disc discuss wheel whirl fraud
Hj-A-^hak'kar ana v.i. become giddy ; faint
ClJf&akra'na v.i. be confused be perplex-
ed * be bewildered lose one’s bearings
dtak'kar dt'sa v.i: turn round and round
lounge (a horse) defraud t>V^c4aA ktr

kat'n a (or laga'na) visit again and again ; pay
repealed visits move in a circle \^j£ckak'kar
kha'na v.i. tum round and round whirl
rotate revolve make a detour \S\JtJk
chak'kar met ana v.i. be duped be non-
plussed be involved in trouble be entang-
led fhak'kar met tjal'na v.t confuse

perplex lead astray involve in trouble
jfj^ &a'kar aa’kar n.f. fraud ; hoax

<sk &ak'r1 n.f. pulley [ ~ ^ ]
n.f. comb-wood

iufr>d ak ' ta > J%dak'lak n.m. brothel red-
light area, depraved street ^(wooden)
platter for rolling bread adj. (usu. &>(■><?

dak'ia) wide ; broad circular stodgy

fed/# ft n.f. piece of stone for grinding

condiments pulley (of well)

(jp tfaak'mah, Aak'ma n.m trick
■ fraudulent temptation btj^&ck'mah dt’na
v.t. cheat ; defraud play a trick (on)
offer fraudulent temptation £

Ha'ua v.i. be cheated ; be deceived ; be
duped fall a prey to fraudulent temptation
i pekikan n.f. embroidered muffin
stikaa-doz N.m. embroiderer (jjjffichikan-dozi
n.f. embroidery (as a profession)
t^rdk&'ncL, adj. (f. (jf*cjiik'r& ) oily •
t greasy fatty sleek glossy ; polish',
cd varnished facile unfaithful
dlik’-na &gp'ra adj. well-gro :>med Jj*J%Aik’na
gha'ra n.m. shameless person
st (tik'rii dlQp'ri ba'tehkar'va v.r flatter
coax ; cajole ; wheedletfj£-'9vA tk'ni sipa'rj,
(filhfk'rirn.r. milksaturated betel-nut,

&ik'ni mat'd n.f. clay ; c 1 ay e y soi 1 dty 0%’chiktta
hat n.f. oiliness fat content sleekness
gloss ;* polish ; varnish n.f. Oil
grease fat butter oiliness

|*/£ Avk'na v.i. , (of price, issue, disputed)
be settled (of debt) be repayed aux. v.
be over be a matter of the past finish
(doing)

jr r£ fkak'na-&oor adj. smashed , broken
to pieces ; sfnashed to smithereens
dead tired ; exhausted (with fatigue)

(faak‘na-(bcor kar'na v.t. smash ; break to
piec« exhaust (with fatigue) tyjJZCfyAak’na
shpor h&n a v.i. be smashed; be broken ; to
pieces be exhausted (with fatigue) ; be dead
tired

ijp ekakua n.m. (f . (jj*diak'n) ruddygoose ;
** sheldrake

jWj 7 Aukauta n.m. ( settlement on stipulated
? terms bargain fixed rate [ - jjjf

(hardship) cause to suffer . inflict punish-
ment (for crime, etc.) Q\sy&% efcakiau' tijwft n.f.
pl choice dishes ifyipj^Aakkau'liyaii kar'na v.i
eat choice dishes jfc&ak'kH n.f. relish (for)

'm n.f. (see under ij* n.m. it)

c&ak'km.F. mill handmillfli^jl”^?
*** cjiak'ki pis' ns (or dial, jho'na) v.t. work
a mill ; grind (com, etc. (in a mill : undergo

hardship do routine work undergo penal
servitude i£itfifcAak’kt ka pat’ n,m. millstone
~zJ&sfJ£c&ak'ki ki mashaq'qai n.f. grinding of
millstone as part of penal servitude
if/&'(kvk'ki puk’ki adv. (nurs) finishes / i'W.

t v t 7 A ft

' 9 i&'&akl'dah adj. dripped yNsJ

fcfptktig'nag.T. peck Vti^Auga'na v.t. cause ro
• peck J?thiig'gi adj. (of beard) thin ; seamy
• Jpdtigoo'nnh adv. (lit.) how , in what
manner of what kind ti ft chi poo' nasi

manner of what kind (jy* chigoe’ nagi
n.f. (lit.) nature details ; circumstances
style ; manner [ ~ )

uf’iy tkol' bi'fhal n.f. disorder panic
adj. out of order ; out of joint
rickety out of place ; misfit
iPsh.Ul n.f. itch sudden desere sexual

w? urge ; heat ClM&cAitlcfiitlana v.i. itch
it-chilla n.f. fried leavened bread em-
*% broidered end of turban (same as n.m.

*) ; .

(same as yfN.M.

M. red-legged i

(fig.) Ipving woman !

grapefruit

Ailkn a]

i •jJpthakat'raNj*. pomelo grapefruit
If shaddock rlarUSSpA

J^Aakor' n.m. red-legged ySjP’ fc

partridge (fig.) Ipving woman
Phoebe's lover

chokh no, ha^tjrf f ka ma’gah (hakk’na v.t.
taste relish experience (hardship)
suffer; undergo punislunent (fa- mistake
* tc >) hlj^Aokha'na, CUft/ffka ma'toh dutHfi'na
V T. cause to taste cause to experience

l>nipAulbv’lana V.I. be restless , fid jet

Aul'bula adj. (F.J^Aslbuli) sportive ;
gay coquettish fidgety active
l%lk%Anl'bula-pan % Jsf;\)J'(hMlbula'hat n.f.
sportiveness ; gaiety cognetry restlessness
•ypAH'la A n.m. coat of mail armour [P]

£tjjf,(kilckila'>ia v.t, (of sun) be very hot
. ♦ ^ J jJJ^fAilAila'ii dhoop n.f. blazing sun ;

torching heat

9}yJg Ailf£ 0 ' wh H ‘ u - pine-nut {PJ

A*' I™ 1 n.f. hookah bowl , fire bowl in
P* hookah WffAi'lo* Aar'na v.i. fill
hookah-bowl (with tobacco and live-coal)
f IdfdftAil ' me ft bhar'na v.i. serve as a menial ,
(of debauchee) be reduced to penury : be-
come one’s erstwhile concubine’s
servant [ - P]

j^Ai'IamAl n.f handwashing
(fc basin wash stand wash
basin (T)

256

jr,ehil'man km. (arch, or lit.) fold-
er *ing bamboo screen ; hanging
screen

I’ipchal'na v.i. go on foot walk go
travel move sail flow blow
be in demand be in force have influence
proceed ; go ahead (j?ct.al int. be off ;
begone ; avaunt ; away (with you) go away ;
make yourself scarce bas'ns v.t. die ;

expire ; pass away par'na v.t. start

leave became a going concert Sfifctkal'
phir n.f. gait way of moving jltfJZchal-
dk<d”zo n.m., JZU£th a’la-&a'li last* gasps ;

approach of death life’s transitoriness
0ol' dt'ns v.r. leave ; start decamp (with)
llfjfi&al' ja’na v.r. (of quarrel) arise ^
quarrel (of mind) become eccentric
dtmafh (faal ja'na v.i. become insane ; go mad
Jfi hal'dtal n.f. commotion disturbance
Vti%ch<tia'na v.t. help (someone) walk
drive ; propel cause help or force to move
stir impel help walk fire (gun, etc.)
enforce issue spread ; give currency (to)
advance money (on interest) carry on
run (business, shop, etc.) %&ald n oo adj.
stop-gap or make shift (arrangement)
temporary ; transitory shaky; unstable
second rate Oc&d'ta, adj. (f .(f^e&al'ti)
passable ; current thriving ; flourishing in
great demand li/ f Gjfcbal' ta pur'&h n.m. (cr-F.)

very clever person intriguer liaving
winning ways dAkan' n.f. shop with
thriving business ; 'one with brisk trade
i&el'lM rokk'na v.t. keep (something) going
thal'ta raih'na v.i. keep on walking or moving #^
K/c&af/a kar'na v.t. ^ send away kill
cause to disappear pkir'tt

na'tar a”e ph. JZ&a'lan n.m. character
behaviour custom currency (of corn, etc.)
I'lJ^Aalvana v.t. make (someone) walk
help (someone) conduct
rfdfsltf/a'na v.t. shriek scream exclaim
< cry out; bawl cry ; complaints'll?
AiUi'kat n.f. shriek ; scream >'

hptkU'lah N.M. any forty-day period forty-
day seclusion for mystic communion (usu.
fu Aiili) forty-day post-delivery confinement
l&prblt/jf&il'tah kar'na {oc khtfich' na) v.i. retire
(for forty days) into mystic seclusion [P -
fip&il'lah, fyAU'la n.m. string (of bow)
^V(arch.) gold lace for turban border
Ail'loh baidk’na v.i. (dial.) make a vow "(by
tying thread to tomb) UUjj’JfAH'lah farin' m

v.t. string (a bow)

IpchiU'loo n.m. palm contracted to
serve as bowl ; hollowed palm
jfjZdiul'loo b%ar adj. handful of (a
liquid) bkar

pd'nl meft doob' mar' ns v.i. be put to
great shame l^t(}r^-Jfchul'loo se pa'ni pi'm y.T.
drink water out of one’s hand tyfiUiJf&ul'loo
mrit vl'loo ho'na.v,. is be intoxicated with a mouth-
ful

'JjPcJialau', j>DZ&£la' , o n.m. boiled rice [P]

chali'pa n.f. cross crucifix ; anything
•crooked or bent [P]

* l* c b. amar ' N - M - currier tanner shoe-
J ** maker cobbler worker in leather

(regarded by Hindus as low-caste person)^
chama'ri n.f. wife of chamar [ -
.jpckam'pa, L^C (kah'pa n.f. shrub with
5V small golden and fragrant flowers; champak

5>-i

champak . buds or flowers SY,

(tom' pa kali n.f. champak bud
chamnak necklace ; necklace
shaped like champak buds (jrf*
diampa"i adj. champakcoloured
yellow golden

(ham' pat ha'rrd v.t. to decamp (with)

c «

£

, < wr '-f 7 run away scamper disappear
chim't a n.m. pair of tongs [~ poll.]

embrace stick (to) ;
be pasted ; be
cause to adhere,

forceps [ ~ p&xc.]

ladle

spoon

1,0 c hi'matna v . t .

£*7 cling (to) adhere
offered lil^chimta'na v.t.
fix or paste embrace
KjT chim'ii n.f. pincers
,

4r ? (kam'mach_ N.m. (col.)

QP dessert spoon [ ~
frj&chamctich'fhar Zy&dhamApr' n . m .
sticking like a leech"

'S’ch.am'cheh n.m. spoon ladle (dial.)
^ stooge (dial.) sycophant fham'Aak

bhar adj. spoonful hardrgi ttam'thah adj.

sponger n.f. teaspoon dessert

0pm' kkam n.m. glamour lovely con-
< tours

6 kom'rakh n.f. leather sup-
V port for spindle adj. lean ;
gaunt ; haggard '

j ~Aam'ras n.f. wound caused by
Us? pinching shoes [ - fold]
tpf tk.am' ran. m. leather skin hide

!* n.f. skin(i

one

Udker'na (or kkeh^'na) v.t. beat (cverely ; give
a good hiding skin ; flay

A*'mak n.f. (see under

|. ABmkar'na v.T. caress make a
kissing sound to appease [ ~ |>J£]

»•/£ fka’mokna v.i. shine ; glitter ; gluten
V"*? be polished sparkle ; coruscate
come up ; be lively fly into a passion (of
business) flourish ; prosper Ctiffhantena v.T.

polish burnish brighten cause to
glitter cause to prosper or thrive make
lively put (someone) on his mettle
Aa'mak n.f. brilliance shean glitter r
glisten ij&Aemka'ra n.m. glare j<J%&a'mak-diir
adj. (col.)* brilliant shinning glittering ;
glistening t—X) Aa’mak da'mak n.f. splcn.
dour brilliance shean ; glitter ; glisten /**
Aamakko n.f. wanton (f*%A om'ki n.f.
spangle tinsel adj. bright

shining glittering brilliant

remuneration for it [ ]

jyy&iim'bat n m. disc hoop apy thing
circular cover for hookah bowl</*j^
Aambarlh adj. disc-like ; round [P] ^ ..

^y^Aambttl n.f. jasmine ; jessamine ^jrpSr*

[ m jgtham’pa n.f. same as ££ n.f.

tfnaf n.f. plait crimping K &*>

(>£ tkin'ts n.f. (dial), worry ; anxiety [ ~ 8)

LfZ fban'&al adj wanton sportive ;
playful

(&inAina'na v.t. be nettled ; be stung
* • fret and. fume Ain' Aina adj.

peevish : fretful Ain'Aine n.m. pl. asca-

rides

adj. some a few many ;
•^v many a adj. how many how much ;

how often how long cfiahd' bar adv,
on some occassions riijX^thabd ro'zah adj.
short-lived ; ephemeral temporary ; transitory
Jr/fhar'chabd adv. though ; although not-
withstanding [P]

f (haft' da (dial. Jji% A<th'dar, dar-ma)

n.m. moon if &<tit dar-rn Ykfu n.m. moon

flower adj. lovely 'like Phoebe (j/li+P&aii’da
ma'mooh N m. (nurs.) moon ; uncle moon
i\S~Aatidah adj. (lit.) so much as much
as ; as many as not much however
A a k' dat miz&ya’qah nahi%' ph.
doesn’t matter ; it matters little ; don’t you
worry kth conj. insomuch that

in so far as (f/^A^kd'n n.f. (same as (fj*i
n.f. it)

L‘l If ^ <rt ^ ra ' n$ v -*’ Ask (someone) after pre-
* tending own ignorance
.j/pdian’daii n.m. sandalwood tree yield-
ing it (rare) mooiulcbgArt'dm-bar n.m.
spangled necklace

w (komga'dar n.f.

flying fox

f Aa 'man n.m. flower garden flower
bed V/tfjs^Aama'n bail' di kar'na v.t. lay
out a garden jlj^ Aamanrtar, tf£>?Aa' manlstan
n.m. garden (fig.) lovely place [P]
t irjp fgamo'fa n M. strop adj. fool *Jj?Aamo'ti
n.f. leather pad to protect leg from being
bruished by shackles

*»( f'Aummo ra'ni n.f. a kind of game like hop,
drip and jump

fV, elh'xa N.M. gram lo he kt Aa'tte n.m.

fl. very difficult task difficulty *£^l/

1‘ijftjZ'fo'ht kt Aa'nt Aabv&'na v.t. set a very
difficult task cause great trouble
|. j . A*n’na mftn'na adj. (f. n<lA

ruin' id) adj. (rnttt.) wee-bit

^ ruin' id) adj. (non.) wee-bit

ujpAnn'na V.T. glean pick; choose select;

gather crimp or plait (cloth)
jVdlMXr' n.m. poplar ; a tree with sparkling
leaves resembling human hand fF]
jfl r .*• rft*h»a»'(-#) Aim*' n.f. evasion
C[+(*)U*Z subterfuge lt/jgj ( J&:AU'iab{' 0 ) A*-
sift kar'na v.t. cavil (at) ; pick holes (in)
dilly-dally evade procrastinate [F]

>4 •p.Abtik'Ath adv. hence ; therefore so
accordingly for example ; for instance
1

✓j- dlt<«a'’« n.m. election selection,

* . nomination Anna' vat v i crimp-

ing gathering plating ftl!rAuna"i n.f.
laying up (of bricks) building up (of wall)

j • Aakd'va n.m. crown (of cap ; veil, etc.)
J>4 V (rare) awning

y Aok'dah n.m. subscription donation
contribution irj l&Aaft'dah di’na v.t.

subscribe to donate I'/t^Aak'deh kar’na
v.t. raise a subscription
IfXZfhVkdha adj. blear-eyed purblind
iif^Anftdhjya'na v.i. be dcxzled
,t ^Am'di n.f. rag fragment*

Air di Ainii kar'na v.t. shred
hin'di kl Ain'ii kar'na t. split hairs y
{/ Aak'dt adj. tome a little a few
a while for a short while adv

Ijx.

258

/X

sometime ; for sometime [P ~
ljj££a1rd'ja n.f. crown ; pate [ ~>U]

M •

n.m. miscreant wretch
0’^* (dial.) low-caste adj. base-life
tbatidal' chunk' ri n.f. miscreant group
><, ifik'doo n.M. opium extract smoked earthen
pipe ; smoking-opium ctaft'cjoo baz

tt.u. opium-smoker C^y^thafi 800 fi’na v.t.
smoke opium ^i^/ti^^afi'doo kha'nah n.m. opium-
smoker’s den aJY^j^ f ^chah'Joo kha'ne kj gap
n.f. brag

Ig^tkafidol' n.m. crested lark (arch.)

sedan children’s play-thing comprising
earthen pots
(ftbgAH'di N.F. com

tf’tyd&ild'n, (hunar'jm, n.f.
y (usu. coloured) scarf or stole
y&r&a'nakna v.i. (of seed) burst out ot husk

(L /C’S kahg n.m* harp ; lute claw kite
*• with ^ cyjnba\s -nauai n.m.

harpist(/jly"i—^'^Jlig' nava'H n.f. playing on a

bar * ,

iP? dtatiga ADJ. (rare save in) tttfM bha'la
“v dtah'ga ph. hale and hearty safe
and sound

auu wwiiu # ^ //

id d'&tfiga'ri n.f. spark <Js''?/a
v.t. throw a spark (into) (fig.) sow

discard

fi^ch.ingjhar'na v.t. (of elephant)
ijlfiT* j{J5fchinghar' n.f. trumpeting

discard

trumpet
(of ele-
phant) .

/ ckaft' gut (col. chub' gal), fj^Aak gal' claw

talon grip grasp [P]
prdiufi'gi n.f. octroi octroi post

O f local duty (arch.) grain cess ; cess levied
on grain trade and realized in kind
(hub'gi mohar’rir n.m. octroi clerk
fachafiger' n.f. straw tray (or basket) for
bread (rare) flower pot
. • fhub'na v.t. glean pick choose ;
UnSt select crimp (cloth) lay bricks

arrange ; pot in order 1‘ly^chunva'va v.t.
cause to pick and choose 'cause to select
cause to be put in order cause to be selected
cause to crimp (Cloth) cause bricks to be
layed cause to lay bricks b'va'i n.f.

cost of laying bricks rate of payment for it
•jp&ativaT n.m. fly whisk

Jjfc

ijp (hMn'ya adj. small tiny J,

Z;-: bal'takh n.f. duck J^OfAunya bt’gam

(or-gim) n.f. opium UL^chun'ya ss adv. wee-bit
ugchunifi' adv. thus ; like this ; in this man-
L/~ v ner [P~

ehd ham'-cho adv. like [P~ .£]

~ chau pref, four JbjZfhauba'i n.f. winu
blowing from all sides } jLjrfh.auba’rah n.m.
room on upper storey (usu. with four doors or
windows) single-room (for tenant) Jz’g
chaubath' ch.ah n.m. (corr. of chah-ba(h' (Jtah)
cistern large tub pit yjtl£chau-ba%bta
n.m. (arch.) gusset sleeveless jacket
chau- bait' di n.f. full set of new shoes for horse
chau- pa yah n.m. quadruped ; animal

beast J%%ch.au'pat (open) on all sides in a
mess ruined inefficient ViJ££(hau'pat kar’tia
v.t. make a mess of td<gfiA au 'P a i n.f. dice
board dice (game) f^chaupaih'loc adj.
four-sided ; quadrangular J *sC£.chauopa’hiya n.f.
& adj. four-wheel (cart) J^y^ehau-pber' adv.
ali around on all sides shau ta'rd n.m.
four stringed guitar l) ih.au- ta' la n.m. name

of a musical mode played on tambourine
chau' -tela n.f. four-folded bedsheet s;i/%ch.au-
ra'hah, [ b£chau-raha n.m. crossing ; crossroads;
junction of four roadsx//j£cft<» u ror adj. rec-
tilinear level tfJZ (haukan'na adj, watch-

ful ; vigilant alert circumspectt/f(2(f£
ch_aukan na ho'ita V.I. be on the alert be
vigilant j/f* chaukor' adj. n.f. quadrilateral
four-sided figure u^(^(h.au'khat n.f. door
sill ; sill door posts &jrch<*u'kkjita n.m. picture
frame jjj£&au-gir’d adv. all around (Jyfjfc
chau kkoob'ta adj. four-cornered MS' ch.au -guna
adj. four-fold ; quadruple four-times ^Jjr r
chau-go'<hah, ^£/fzchau-go'-shiyah adj. four-
cornered tyjr'(hau-la‘ra adj. four stringed neck-
lace) ^'l£.chau- m a'sah,i/t>£ > A au ' ma ' sa n.m. the
four months of the rainy season jf'jrfhau-mikk
(col. makh) n.m. four-wickcd lamp L>frjrch.au-
mukha, J^cjiau-mukhi adj four-faced ;* four-
headed n.m. f. single handed fight against all
bVl/% chau-mukhi lar'na v.i. fight single
handed on all sides Jyj£chau-man' zilah adj
chaumaih'lah adj. (arch.) four-storeyed L^> r
fhau-me'kha n.m. cross on which criminate Hmbs
are tied to four pegs ; a kind of pillory 1‘J\£?k
chau-me'khu kar'nn v.t. pillory ; put on such
CTOSS^J^ihau-hat'tah, L%£chau-hat’ta n.m.
crossroads market place with four shopsj^jr.
dtauh'ra four-fold

jy chav'va n.m. set of four (at cards) four

259

c r*Jr-.

jr-,

Jf n ctava'hs ADJ. & n.m. forty-four

&avahs'va* adj. forty-fourth ?

. cho'a'na v.t. drip ; cause to drip [ - i'7
CAUS.]

(hob n F. wood timber staff , mace
pole (of tent) drumstick stick
redness (of eye) owing to hurt jlhJgdLob'-dar n.m.

herald ; mace-bearer usher (fjtfi/J^dtob'-ka'ri
n.f. embroidery J geko'bt, (jigdto'bifi adj.
wooden ; wood “

I g>clio'bs, \4JZ(ji.o , bka n.m. boiled rice with

. -'vdoying butter oil and sugar (as wedding
feast) iron peg post
i pdkau'bt N.M. Hindu priest (esp. one learned
“"V^in the four Vedas)

^ dtaubls’ ADJ. & n.m. twenty-four
ctaubis'vaft adj. twcntyfourth
1 1 —(haupal' N-F- village pavilion ;

C/^-^rural club

. chuupan' n.m. (lit.) shep-
C^sfherd cowherd JjfT;

chaupa'ni n f. tending sheep in cattle
shepherd’s profession

diau’pat adj. (see under £chau if)

fyo'chaupar n.f. (see under J£chau )f)

V ** t , '

.. n’chool N.F. (vul.) vulva y , jZchoo'nj>a) adj.
*^^2 & n.m. fool; foolish (person) L U'^chootiyapa
U'J£(hoo'tiya-p an n.m. silliness ; ' ineptitude
jjrf 1 Vf; chootiya shahid' man suffering from conse-
quences of excessive indulgence in sexual act

n.m. buttocks ; bum Cl/)j'£choo'tar
yy^dikhana v.t. (vul.) take to one’s 'sheets ;
show the clean pair of heels, run away shame
facedly [Hj£y(j//'Zchoo'tarofi par kha’na v'.i. be
spanked thus

•*,~c hauth. adj. (old use) one fourth of pro-

-i'-^vduced levied as tax court fee levied from

winning party [ ~ foll.] .

y^pchau'&i adj. (f. j ( $ l (hau'ihi) fourth

(hautka'i adj. fourth (part) ; one-fourth

l~ Jtf l 7

of (kau'thi n.f. brides first visit to parents house

after marriage/^^ji au'rti &a'la n.m. feast

on the occasion ^(hau’thi khtl'im v.t.

bandy On this occasion fruits, vegetables, etc.

sent by groom’s people.; (of groom) throw fruit,

etc. thus f ~ prec.1
... *■ •

MAS-tttauh'tls adj. & n.m. thirty-four Jlj- >3?
V ~ '‘ilkmh&s'vak adj. thirty-fourth
^ g|o| n.f. hurt bruise
^Km stroke lose damage ; injury

shock

taunt rival ; peer ; equal misfortun<^
CU5j%ehot' ana v.i. be hurt ; hurt oneself
chot' phait n.f. hurt ; blow injury VjJZ/Tt
cfiot' kar'na v.t. taunt attack hurt
tjiot’ kha'na v.i. be hurt hurt oneself
suffer loss (of) CM J^J^chot lagna v.i. be hurt ; hurt
oneself

ibchot'ta n.m . (F.fyjrchot'ti) pilferer; petty
^ thief (ilyCjji^fJ''^ Aot'ti bil'tijale'biyoh
ki rakhva'li prov. set a thief to catch a thief [ ~

jTA

[j’&fh.o' ta n.m. - top knot or back knot of hair
* top-lock (worn by Hindu male)
k cAo'ti n.f. peak summit ; top peak
y^plaiteu hair ; pigtail pony tail riband
foe holding pigtail ; pigtail braid top lock
worn by Hindu made jl/^cjfo'tx-dar adj. with a
pyramidical top ; (filled) to the top y^^chp'ti ka
adj. class top excellent ; pre-eminent
to excel ; to be unrivalled ka

ad' mi ph. topmost man (in some field
(ho'ti ke log n m. pl. important people ; vip’s
the elite V’j'^dio'ti kar'na v.t. plait or braid
the hair

ilffpehfifh'la, l^fhofich'la N.M. (usu. PL.)
‘V'V blandishment ; coquetry airs • affecta-
tion fondling coquetish demands
ch.o'ch.al ha"i adj. coquetish
^J^choo'chi n.f. teat ; nipple ; dug ; breast

~ch.au' dak adj. & n.m. fourteeu(j^*;£d)flu'/ft '
0^y<tvak adj. fourteenth

. ~dtod'na v.t. (vul.) have sexual intercourse
lo)>Z.(with woman) ; fuck ; f — x

(haiidh'rixM. village headman
title for landlord title of Rajputs
boss; chief >£•?!/*> J?(haudhra'yat n.f. head-
man’s office chieftainship being a landlord
heing a boss

g?(h or n.m. burglar thief ; pilferer (fig)
"^misgiving (fig.) fear ; lurking fear adj.
clever ; sly Mzljf^ahor uch ak'ka n.m. bad
character one without lawful means of liveli-
hood jtJhJSskor' bazar' n.m. black market
(rare) second-hand stuff market 'baza'ii

n.f. black-marketing jfjO baza'riya n.m
black marketteer badan n.m. stout

body whose fatness is not visible
t ha fig n.m. receiver of stolen goods Ufyjjrdtor’
par'na breaking into a house ; thieving ; stealing
o/£j7;dior'- paih'ra n.m. the advanced guard of
an army J%"jjl7.chor aur A a' tar (or -tor) n.m.
crafty thief crafty person thief who is al*o

260

Jr*

,l »«- jutlgc jt&Zcker'-cka'Jcar n.m. thieves and
• he like ; thief, etc. burglar \}jf chor'-kha'nah
w,m. secret drawer tjPjPsj^gn'-darva zah n.m.
hack door trap-door rfjjgckor'-zamiti n.f.
bog J quagmire '*>

ka*h * rirt'rt knr xnttk* r# ha* A#

together chips of the old block
A or kl da’rki mefi tin'ka PROV. a guilty conscience
need* no abuser * e P°ir' ka'han

fyj/(J! ! /’dZj%tkor' kt ghar’ meh mor' pax'na be
outwitted cfccr'-mahal n.m. concubine’s

apartments N.F keep concubine ; mistress
cjtor'-mand'li N.p. band of thieves children’s

game in which a pebble hidden in rubbish is to
bo discovered m< * A? 1 ’

ho’na (or baiik'na) v.i. have a ’lurking fear
(hor’ hat'ya n.m. pawn-shop owner shop-*
keeper buying ware from thieves^jy^o’r* N.r.
★

a* dy e °' adj. powdened'tpowder pulvcri/etl
smashed 'intoxicated

toped

ex-

hausted (with fatigue) jJgjjZ(hoor' f^oor' ai>|
smashed ; broken to pieces fa jjrjj^dioor' choor’
ho'm v.i. be smashed ; be broken to pieces ^L.
fy)jZ(jt na'she me* £oor' (ho’na) v.i be dead
drunk ; be steeped in liquor
/.*«' dtoo'ra n.m. powder bruised (cereal)
filings . anything crushed L’jLj%&.oo'ra
kar'na v.t. powder crush break to bits
>| ~ tkaur a' si adj. & n.m. eighty-four (jljtfjZ
v JXf thaura'slvak adj. eighty-fourth

i J %, ckauran’ot adj. & n.m. ninety-four
nidi b&&ou r an'<>ivak adj. ninety-fourth
lS'j%.& aur ‘ s * N,F * scr »P CT

I > £§aer'ma n.m. (dial.) c 'imbled bread rolled
' J r in sugar and butter oil
^iryShPO ’ran n.m. digestive powder ; aromatic
4?i^powdcr

. — sfcso'rt n.f. crumbled bread rolled in sugar
and butter oil ; mashed bread
(ijSLA 1 *»• N.F, horse-hair fly-whisk (same as

n.f. ★)

tXjf'AP'rt n.f. stealth theft burglary
H (fjJUfjfi&o'* Ao’ f l adv. stealth
secretly ; clandestinely ks mal n.m.

stolen goods C/tfjtrAo'rl kar'n a v.t. steal

pilfer burgle gfi tf/ZAo'n laga'ns v.t. accuse
(someone) of theft ( ~ jj£

broad-

ex tensive

jk’-.fAau'ra adj. (f. J^chau'n)

***• wide expansive
chau'ra eJ ok' la adj. extensive , well-built
abroad expansive Jlj0auran', IjJgdaurd'’]
n.f. breadth width’ extension expense

1 1>~ doo'r a n.m. set of bangles adj.

W et drenched untidy <

./*k_^oo'ri n.f. bangles pucker;

crump\e jit }%A oo' ri-dar adj .^
crumpled sbL'j!i*j£choo'r'i-dar pa -jamah n.m. tight
trousers crumpled at ends when worn
A oo'riyah pai'hatma v.i. wear bangles
become effeminiate lack manly, qualities
(of widow) remarry oo’riyah ikoh'tft

kar’na v.T. (of freshly ^widowed woman) break
her bangles eh oo’riyah (cop

ja"rh gi ph. (said tauntingly to woman shirking
work) will your bangles break ?

• choo'za/i n.m. chicken fledgeling
young bird (vul.) young woman j tyl g
cton'zn -bat n.f. woman with young paramour
(hauh'satk jf^&au'sath adj. & n.m. - sixty-
four (ji^^^auh'satkoah adj. sixty-fourth
y/yfhau'saT n.m. dice

faf'fhoos'va V.i. suck imbibe absorb
^Or^fhoos'dl n.f. (same as n.f. *)
^^^o'gheA n.m. same as J<r n.m. it)

(hook n.f. oversight omission mit-
‘■''-'tftake a kind of sour green
bhooV tjiook' mo l af' ph. error and omission except*
rd[~ 1

r fhauk n.m. square crossing ; cross
roads market

^(tauk'ka n.m. (in cards) four aggregate
four in cricket four runs four front
teeth (dial.) Hindu dining room (in mul-
tiplication tables) four times
Jg'&o'kar n.m. husk ; bran

.sbftr fh.au' n.f. spring . leap ; bound
O (old use) (bur horsed vehicle V/fl$sSi

thau'kan bhar’na v.t. leap ; bound ; spring<#<&
Wyfstau ka\l bhaolna v.i. (fig.) be confound-
ed be struck with terror

j&au'kas adj. alert watchful ; vjgi-
lent cautions; circumspect tyj*X,sh<M'kas
rcih'na v.i. be on one’s guard (against be
watchful . be vigilant be cautious j^gic^ptd-
kosl n.f. alertness watchfulness ; vigilance
carefulness ; cautiousness skau 'kasl

kar'n a be on the alert keep watch oyer ; be

261

l A

vigilant be cautious

^Ypchook'na v,i. overlook miss omit
• make a mistake ( ,Jj£ chook n.f. +)
u jf choukhat n.f. iii ehaukhMta n.m. (see
under J^^iau pref.

J '^chau'ki n.f. low wooden seat stool

A* chair watch ; guard out post
police post octroi post band (of singers)
singing by this band a kind of ornament
chau'ki-dar n.m. watchman guard (fjtMZ.
(jiauki-da'ri N.F. watch and ward watch-
man’s job watchman’s pay (fofL) Is * fa:
(hauki de'ns (or bhar'ns) v.i. (of singers’ band,
birds, etc.) sing

f&»'ga N.M. food LU&fho'gS ba'dalns
. '<(of bird) feed its young (of bird’s) bill

l~

,t4Ldiaugdri n.m. polo polo-stick ex-
(^“^.pansive ground jL^fj^chaugan'-baz n.m.
polo-player^,) fotfp'thaugsn'-gah n.m. polo-ground
LP] '

j ^roo/ n.f. tenon dovetail; part of
joiner’s work which fits into another
end (of axle tree) dovetail (of door etc.)
tenon (for mortise) L'lfjf(^fJl/^(too'leii dhl'lt
ho ja'ns v.t. (of joints) become loose (of
badly constitution) become weak
./_ sh.o'la n.m. cloak (fig.) human body
OADXt&o'la ba'dalns v.i. (of soul)
transmigrate undergo metamorphoses , ,

„ (hauls ' ’* n.f. a species of
OvX-. potherb V "

oo'lha n.m. stove oven
a hearth fire place
j^efto'/iN.F. (women’s) small
^.jacket body of gown etc.

bodice small betel-case Vl/'ij l

1/jfjfL—^- {meh) sho'ti da' man ks sath.'
ho'ns v.t. be indissolubly linked twj
(with) good terms ; be the sine ‘qua non’ (of)
iy~cfioom'na v.t. kiss tJZ&oo'ma n.m. kiss^tj^
• &oo'ma tha'p n.f. fondling and caressing ;
billing and cooing b'J^^dkoo'ms ^a'ti kar'na
v.i. fondle ; caress ; bill and coo
,,i ffdhav'vm adj. * n.m. fifty four (jljjTfhav'van-
- ~van adj. fifty-fourth

. ipchoofi n.f. complaint squeak creak

^ * sound of farting (JJfrjZchoofi chooft n.f.

chirp ; warbling squat creak
t^oof! ns kar'na v.i. not to make the slightest
noise complain in the least ; npt to grumble

,p(hooti PRON. INTERROC. (rare) why i£f JJOK
U ^d^oo'n-o chird' n.f. grumble complaint
why and wherefore
kar'na v.i, grumble dispute pP]

r .Apck 0 °n n.m. lime fillings dust (of)

C sXf

t'e'doo'va v.i. leak ooze drop
‘■''Vmensturate (of fruit) drop after ripening
n.m. lime nativity song ga(h

n.m. lime used as mortar (g/ i-ych'oo'ns lags' ns
v.i. dupe ; deceive ; defraud defame

discomfit /$^/{^,fchoo'ne ki bkat'H n.m. lime

kiln 0.0 a

i 2e r & au1l P N - F - g°ld nail driven in tooth
V ? stubbornness passion ; fondness .

' chaufi'lis adj. & n.m. thirty four^/lr-^'jg:
U*'A(h<iuii't-svaii adj. thirty-fourth
s' pfkohch n.f. beak ; bill (fig.) point

©'■'•/(of) Jbf-'jj/chofdi' sambka'lo iNt. hold
your tongue '

{J(^jr(h<Mf>eh.al' adj. active
•

ti?»~choofi'da n.m. (of hair) top
knot back knot
L'JjJ^choofi'da dhoop meh *sifcd ns
kar'na v.t. (of woman) not to be un-
experienced Of/ ft /szJ jkfyhoafi'de
par do' Is u'chhal'na v.’t. find the husband taking
a second wife

. jrrit aufl ' ri > /(jfrhau'ri, n.f. (usu. horse-hair)
fly whisk * # .

ch cub' sath adj. & n.m. sixty- four
^ ^chdufi'idtkvafi adj. sixty-fourth
U&O’ ch«utik'na v.T. start ; be startled to be
'Vogle ; be roused bealarmedl^lw^
(hpufik Sth'ns, Cg^Z<h<uibk par' ns v. start; be
startled be roused be alarmed C^j^dipvhkzt ns
v.t. startle rouse alarm A>*p&autikail
adj. shy ; nervous ** *

4*‘0'choofi-ktk adv. as ; because ; since fP ~iir

**+/) *
tft~cb°ii‘ga, jtrj^^chofi'ge-bsz n.m. toady ,
"•Sycophant (alsojl^j^o^'/a) scroll-case
hollow bamboo or cylindrical tin piece used as
such

Qjfcdioo'm n.m. coarse-grained gram-flour
coarse food

P’cjiavan'm n.f. an old coin ; four- anna bit

Ifthoo ha N.M.(F, {-ff£(hpo'hiys) mouse rat
V ^kj’^jftoo'be-dan rat trap ^
dsh'tl n.f. bracelet with file’s like projections •

tiur*

JSL

aft da n.m. share money

itjCU^dihsiid'na v.i. spew; vomit
^yl/£tkha"ok n.f. shade

$)l£fLka 'mii n.f. cantonment ; camp ,
'encampment thatching Cl>?^jU[chha' > oni
dtks'iiS v.i. be encamped ' be " thatched
Ulj^;L?chha'oni dal'na v.t. encamped set
up a garrison town

[/{j&chha'ya n.f. shadow illusion

•• *»

Jf thhab n.f. grace charm- gracefulness
• '‘on wearing something "(fu^ehkob-taW ti
n.f. woman’s breasts tbhabi’la adj. (f.
tftak'li) comely graceful
4tnbi’!a n.m. foppish
pAt&chhab'bis adj. & n.m. twentv-si x O
cfihbbis’vafi ADJ. twenty-sixth
im jJ£^ckhJip ckiap n.f. (of) water splash-

V ^ing (water) on face

N’-F* (see under C^fehhap'ni v.i.

(^M&dtbAp'ti n.f. wood splinter [ ~ corr.]

ehhab' Par n.m. thatched roof patio
hut ; cot ; cottage l^^(kbap'par cliha
v.t. thatch a hut (J j /^ledyJZAh.ap' par piu,r' kar
dt'na v.t bestow wealth in an i . unexpected
manner ; enrich miraculously dihup’-

par pbar kar mil'na ph. get wealth from unexpect-
ed quarters ; enrich miraculously

{ehsdn ha) chkap'par sir par rakh'nd v.t.
do a great favour expect many thanks for
small favour

. ehka'per-khat n.f. canopy; canopied

’ < bed [ + frec. +cZtef]

splash (of water) splash
i water small net for catch-
ing pigeons a kind of ornament for forehead ;
brow pendant

j^dkkip kali, (dial chhup'kali) n.f. lizard

# __ r chhnp' pan adj. & n.m. fjfty-six

*t&hap' pamait adj. fifty-sixth

hide , be
go into hiding
go underground disappear lurk go
about in a veil observe purdah (from) (of
*un) set , go down in lhe west chbapa adj.

hidden ; concealed unknown undiscover-
ed S^jt#chhu pa rus' tim n.m. unknowh genious

»a

~ L *

i/^fhkap'ka n.m.

ing face with ■
ing pige<
brow pei

i^'dtk'ip'na, (dial, chkip'na) v.
hidden ; be concealed g<

to

N.F

I'^ichbupana v.t. hide ; conceal give asy-
lufh ’(to) ji^?chhup3'’o secrecy concealment

[‘jjg’ chka)i'na V.i. be printed be publish-
V '• ed lls^chhapu'na, (ij^fhhapvaua v.i . cause
print 'jigchhapa'i, '(rare ’^lj^chhapva"i)
f printing priming charges

^i^ chbat n.f. roof ceiling house lop

par (se) adv, .( from) on the

house-top £%£^chhat‘ gi'ri n f. coiling cloth

chhaVtg, J^#chhat'tah n.m. beehive; honey-
comb hive' covered (portion, of) lane
chhat'r n.m. large umbrella
sunshade canopy
asylum iji at'n n.f. umbrella
parasol sun-shade canopy
small (dome over) shrine
bulbous perch (for pigeons)

chbat J* na vt - aim (« un ! * x

chhat'iis adj. & km. thirty-six
* chbat'Jisvdn adj. thirty-sixth C^pfchhatli' s*
adj. (f. g-y^chhatn'si) artful • crafty one
with affected modesty ^[^^chtMltsSrpan n.m.
craftiness ; cunning

^ bj/^ chhut pref. (denoting smallness) small ;
"petty Ly^chhut bhay'ya n.m. (derog.)

, petty shopkeeper low-bom person

]b~ cheat'd adj. (f. chka'il) sixth

c fiha te chhai-ma he adv. occasionally ; now
and then ; long intervals | ~

'Id hu’d adj. arrant (knave etc.)

chhatdhk' n.f. sixteenth part of a seer ;
"weight equivalent to about two ounces
'» n.f. smallness ; littleness

V inferiority pettiness i^fdlb tt'pan,
ch hut' pand n.m. childhood infancy *
tender age [ ~

I Mjhf dikutks'rd n.m. rescue ; escape

deliverance freedom ; liberation ;
release exemption exoneration exculpa-

tion (ly^^lpljl'lJj&frcJihiitkd'rd pa'nd (or fya' si 7
kar'tta) v.i. be rescued be freed be
released be exempted be exonerated^
ijtb'ikd'rd dila'rta v.t. rescue free
release exempt exonerate [ - £/)<£]

__ chhitak'na v.i. (of moonlight, etc.) be
* diffused ; (of moon) shine jf e]tdrti'iii

cjibi’taknd v.i. (of moonlight) be diffused

..bgchhatna (of clouds) disperse of

well) be desilted (of body) become lean
be sacked

be pruned
picked out

be selected , be

264

v.i. freed ; be liberate be
acquitted ; be discharged ; be let off be
abandoned escape ; slip (from) (of gun) (or
bullet) be fired (of tram, etc.) be set in m >-

tion (of colour) wash off ; come off be dis-
carded be left out ; be omitted
MdT ehluit I' n.f. sixth lunar day ; birth ritual

fce ¥ performed on sixth day of delivery adj..
(lee under tS^ADj. ka doodk'

fH <r 3' ns pkov. be in great trouble live to

ne the former comforts
bj? (frh&t'il n.f. holiday vacation

(jV leave furlough release ; discharge
dismissal death liberation acquittal
tjf dfkaj'.ja n.m. balcony

» * gallery eaves protective
projection cow catcher

ehhij'na v.i. (of warp and
*• *’ woof) become loose

fl^otchaihchaha'na v.i. chirp lygV Zehaih'&aha
chirping

ft je&mohchalia R a v.i. De coqu
bright red l^Aoh’ckoha adj
tish* red ; reddened

be coquetish be
coque-

^chhichhr& n.m. (same as ★)

' chhi'chkalna v.i. flypast with just a
touch graze Jl&ffchhich'la adj.

(of water) shallow (of vessel) not deep
fijchWchkalH hu’i adj. cursory (glance, etc.)

I *fiS?(fiilichlu>'ra, ’ (or chhco) childish;
f puerile shallow but showy ^
Ahi&ha’ra-pan km. childishness ; puerility
shallowness

. A? (hka(hkooh'dar n.F. mole ;
musk-rat ; kind of (fire-
work) squib .. ,

i kSd'ds n.m. blame obligation
^•S fpjmd’dn iitar'na v.t. do something- per-
functorily just to escape- blame cpbUd'da

rakk'ns v.t. blame

f iM &&%adam' n.f. (arch.) one-fourth of a
I' *pice (fig.) sou
liitf&bxd’ra adj. (v.(jjj£ckhid'fi) sparse r not
dense Og/l u£&hidrs kar &*l’ns v.i.
stridefti^iw/ra'iia v.i. be sparse
!• jJfcblud'na v.t. be pierced be wounded

(j0 (kktl'rs NrF- dagger ; large knifoj(jljf>
hto'ra fhotp'na (or bit oik’ ns)

•A-

V.T.

stab

j&fcnr’ia n.m. small shot
V pebble in tmy.bcll

minute

(beh'rah n.m. face ; countenance ; visage
mask obverse facade VsMyf*
epeh'rah u' tarns V.i. be downcast I'&e/^&th'reh
tamtams' no, v.i. (of face) become ruddy ^,/^/C
P ar mOr'dani ( cr pazhmOr'dafi
tbbs’ns v.i. be downcast be run down^j.

par Ur’na v.i. feel

jittery ; have the blue funks ^'(2'£^^r«A'ra(-«)
sfia'bl n.m. rupee adj. (coin oreiotc) with king’s
effigy t/f t^&A'rah moh'rs , fJ^t/^-AA'rak^
bUsh'ran n.m. features physiognomy

cheh'rah n.m. sketch ; pen portrait (P]

{J n.f table-knife ; knifet^^ftii'*

phir'nn v.i. be slaughtered be slain
VtftdA&hn'rt I** r’na slay slaughter^C
{flka'rl la' It dam’ It’ ns V. to be patient
under difficult circumstances
sekat'fis n.m. cut curved VA&^cbM'ri
mar'na V.T. stab S'fAc dL&tfrl n.f.

treacherous person ; false friend
ijX&batt’ra adj. (of body) lean
’’y ii ’£kare’rt ba’dan ka adj. lean ; lank
bjfchhar n.f. thin long bamboo pole (of
spear ; etc.) fishing rod spikenard

/> £ (hha’ra adj. unmarried alone
’sf"! single^<-^l^*/ti'4^7/^ dtha’rs chbiftt (o
chkatafik) n.m. unmarried person gras
widower •.

{’ib/^Abura’na tbkUrta’ns v.t. cause to
xv liberate cause to be set free rescue
chhi’rakna v.t. sprinkle vfyftflfjsn’ & W-
rakna v.i. be ready to lay down one’s life
(for) rakvs’na v.t. cause to be sprinkled

jtdpTchkirka'' 0 n.m. sprinkling (of place) wid»
.water

rp^cftkar'na v.t. husk (paddy) beat
Vv (grain j to separate it from husk -n.m. paddv
husking tifjgchhar vs'na v.t. get husked
£bgdlhir‘n.a v.i. (of war, etc.) break out
S? (of topic) be broached j (of talk, discus-
sion, etc.) open (of music or instrument)
begin to be played or sung
itb&dfra'rt n.f. walking stick ; rod ; cane ;
Ys* wand ; switch thorn used as pen
(saint’s) ensign or banner adj, (see under
tbhA'ra adj. H)

ij^skkar'ys n.F. narrow passage

•/jrfhjMk'ks N.M- (in cricket stroke) sixer
(at^duce) throw of six (at cards) six
racket P**'j* kar’ns v.t.

deceive ; play tricks t&kak’kt stidfa'lM

y.T. perplex

265

(fcaik'kd n.m. pavement (of roof, courtyard

jdZt ^ aihkar N F ‘

warble sing-

v.i-. (fig. from a dice) tricked ; be at one’s wits
end

I etc.)

chirp

ing (of bird)

,^/^^kak‘ra n.m. yan cart bullock

'v"? cart (fi&f sfitiA'rl n.f. throw of six (in d ce)

, •/— Aoi'hakna v.t. chirp warble
whistle

iJT <h%al n.m. delusion fraud decep-

J’ e tion ’&W our ma’js n.f. deception

and delution S^-J^AkoV ho\'tt n.m. deception
J.OfAkol' bal n.f. fraud pomp and show
tawdriness U£tbWj 3 n.m. fraudulent
person ; cheat

^m>chohal n.f. fun pleasantry quips
(/* and cranks (faohal kar'na v.i. make
merry indulge in pleasantries
-iffke'hal adj. forty frlZirf&e'hal cb tragi
t/rf n.m. forty-pronged chandelier lSj»^ &thcl-
qa’dami n.f. walk stroll A e 'kol

qa’ dam kar'na v.i. take a stroll & ^j^ie'kd-kaf
n.m. name of a verse prayer with eafii couplet
beginning with the letter ‘fcaf

n.m: slime puddle splinter

ytf‘W.&aih'la mkal'na v.t. split up into
ptot* tkaih'U H bkaits m. (fig.) lazy
lout '

\UZ la n.m. ring equally wide all over ;

* ring kutcha wall with baked brick lining

on the outside jitj£ AhaHe-dar’ adj. ringed

curled r

n.f. leap ; spring jump
bounds; l Lj C^^^Ahnlaitg' lags’ m
tor mar' no) v 1. leap ; spring jump bound
I « tl^&fMla'va n.m. will-o'-the-wisp ; ‘ignis
***< fatnus’

| V eh** 1 pilo’na v.t. give a drink of water

(to travellers, etc.)

ij i^-^ai'Aa/ pai'hal n.f. hustle bustle
C/tLs “i mirth at d merriment

khil'ka n.m. skin peal shell
< crust scale husk j bark : rind

skin peel
T over flow

be spilt r/*{^S^Ako'lak/a (An ”a) adj. full to
the brim ; brimful 7

dtkaVaAwa v.i. spill (of urine) be
* parsed involuntarily CdLt&Alwl'kana v.t.
cause to spill

UT Arh'lum adj. funeral rite performed fortieth
r it day of death ; day mourning [P~ ffZ ]

scab h'jCliO^cbkit'ka Utar’na v.t.
husk ; baric Ctethha lakna v.i.

r..

» CM

na v.t. cheat : deceive ; defraud
overreach

'tta N.M. strain cr N-f.

strainer 'id fto'na v.i,

be full of holes ; be fully perforated ; be pieried
be bruised

i* i^thkil’na v.i. be scratched be bruised
be scraped

c bbrnn Akeiit n.f. tingle (of small
bells) jingle of ornaments patter
of rain adv. pattering with a jingle
Aiam' &kam' ba'rasna v i. patter ' '
i Akom'Akoma n.f. joke strange

fact

Jpd&p* ^kor mt ADV - * n a tr * cc ! * n a

..fethkan, [cJihZn) n f. sizzle a drop inkle of
* of small bells jingle of coin^^J^fgllka/i'
(than,^{^£^clih(in zfckana’hat n.f. tinkle of
small bells' jingle of coins jC^shkohak' n.f.
jingle of a drop j^V^Akons'ka n.m. tinkle of
small bells coming of dancing girl (rare)
jingle of coin

li 'j&skkrmal' n.f. loose woman prostitute;

(J v whore ; harlot (;faJl%Ak4*al'~pan n.m.
lewdness prostitution whoredom ; . harlotry
Akatta f, l n.f. sifting sorting

{eg* - -*

j&£&iotd n.m. fraud plagiarism

remuneration for' sifting

with

six

person

the little finger

fingers.

5i "

thkztk'taba n.f.

»• * ,

y* jg AkAn’ miin, c j i f-f* : ihku 'nan vtU'nan n.m.
sizzle

s&kan'nq v.i. be strained be. sifted
'• be (riddled with bullets) J^Akoo’ra
n.f. strainer (,"/ jl£&ka*-va na v.t.
cause to sifted cause to strain Clsflfe kjwi
Akanva'na v.t. force to wander [ - &!&.]
i.' J'cJthin'na v.i. be snatched be wrested
be deprived v.t.

cause to be snatched cause to wrest cause

to be deprived

^g&hoo N.F. sound of sniffing puffing after
"• incantation y^lyfckkoo”a-Akoq’»r sound
of breath while beating clothes on slab
A** 0 ’ man'tar n.m charm ; incantation
H'ran Ak- no ho' ns v.i disappear suddenly , vanish
(like a ghost)

267

n.f. chintz spray of t water
«• "" tiny drop of (usu. filthy) liquid Ltffctkift'ta
n.m. sprinkling scattering splash

light rain tiny ball of smoking opium
f aud ; deception (&j bjVALzfftfBb' fa mar'na (or
dt'na) v.t. sprinkle ; scatter ; broadcast
deceive

f&bitk' mar'na v.i.
" "" sneeze u^C^chbi'bk n.f. sneeze
y^j^tkhitika n.m.’ muzzle (for animal)
••^network for hanging pots in
pT^efcfein'na, C^(j^(hhin' le'na v.t. snatch ;

wrench deprive (someone) of grab

usurp y^CgchWm jhap' ti,
iha'pat n.f. mutual bid to grab scramble

.^^(hbni'ni ^dial. fjthe'm) n.f. chisel

ii^eti/yab n.m. tamarind stone tftjyz&i/yalt
ri adj. (of eyes)

.J T&'P N M -
V*** juice

very small ; tiny
stickness , viscosity sticky

A*

i^i'par n . m . (usu. pl.) rheum in (inside
corner of) eye
^ . (jfitkip'pii*. f. slip (far pasting) on

~ *>&**t (dial, girt) n.m. first
<•' month of Hindu calendar
(corresponding to March-April)

$£ (faita n.m. leopard ; panther

oxis , spotted
large kind of spotted
leopard ; panther adj.

rjg&i'taJ n.m.
v* 9 deer a la
snake leops
spotted ; speckle
r^p&tt'na v.t. (dial.)
awaken remem

snake

spotted ; speckled

rouse

r awaken remember

n.m. (usu. pl.) rag ; tatter
Sr* frayed piece of cloth small worthless
thing laga'na v,i. be in rags

go about in tatters C^ c £^£«£&ItA.'rt lag'na v.i.
be reduced to penury bo'na v.i.

be tattered ; become wragged be tom to
bits ; be tom or to pieces

n.f. passion (for something)

N.F. (same as^fw.F. *)

j^cr&t'dtak n.f. small-pox iLJfc&t'&ak'-voo
*^£* 7 adj. pock-marked ~~

tt N.r. cry scream shriek
Q? screech mar'na v.i. cry out

shriek scream screach

i'dob, fhi'dah adj. sclcct-

%^ed elect J) &i'dah (fai'dak) log

n.m. pl. the elite [P ~ yt^pick]

,.~,&ir'na v.t. sa\v“ cleave split

yZ? rend tear slit perform a surgical

operation incise sftchlr n.f. rent tear

cut slit efechir' ana v.i. have a scratch or
slit t&sgshlr' ptar n.f. dissection surgical

operation kar'na v.t. per-

form a surgical 'operation
ir&i'rs n . m . incision cut slit

particoloured turban C*j,Ljf£(h}' Ta bah'dk'na
v.t & i. tic such a turban go about
with such a turban ra dt'na v.t. make

an incision

I * che'ra n.m. slave servant

>£•* n.f. slave girl maid-servant
u Sp(jie”amain n.m. chairman
UyZZ"Z mai'ni n.f. chairmanship [E]

H ejit ra-dast' adj. high-handed op-

**'* / -*5C> pressi ve . ; tyrannical
dil'ra-das’ti n.f. highhandedness (PJ
Z&r n.m. pine

,~chiz n.f. thing commodity
-^Z" 1 a kind of musical * mode
ornament i&yffithiz'-basl n.f. goods ; chattels
bag and baggage^g^i'.:* adv. somewhat ;
a little ifgcbl'zi, n.f. (nun.) sweet;

sweetmeat * \

&U'ta* n.f. enigma ; puzzle : riddle

•qj f&if n.m. & adj. chief If'jos'tis

n.m. Chief Justice koff N.r.
Oief Court /L£' i r*€’&\f's ka'tij n.m. Chiefs
lege[EJ

^P^f^skt'kat n.f. mixture of oil and dust adj.

** * oily ; greasy
{ ' n.f. a bird of prey ; kite
^rJjj^&lfJ^cklloh'da fbkar'fi ■
bat ph. it is extremely hot Iffijtfr
dtil' jhapat'ta n.f. children’s
game in whicH blind-folded boy tries
to jounce upon playmates snatching
Clinch}!' ki tar' if mabdja'na ph. hover about^ rest-
lessly kt Sfuto'U mtb

mas' kahab' provT prodigals have no wherewithal
Uj^£t’la n.m. (£*dkt'ti n.f. disciple ;

follower devotee pupil servant, etc.
brought up in the house ££j*J£Z?£t'le £ab’u
n.m. devotees disciples ; followers camp-
followers

/^£i'lok n.f. mark put across disliked word,
‘-'V?etc

gl^chai'lahj n.m. challenge J.ha'tim n.m. name
dt'n a (or kar'na) v.t. challange f ^ chieftain of ‘Tai’ tri

(jiai'latj qabooV kar'na v.i. accept challenge [E]

• Mr chain n.m. comfort ease test ; repose
Wj* peace; tranquillity chain' kar'na
v.i. be at ease enjoy com forts

ra'vl &airi likh-'ta hai ph. (formula at end of
legendary tales) peace reigns henceforth
^^ehoin n.m. chain [E]

1 Mrckvk' n.f. wrinkle frown

ba-jabih ho ha v.i. frown ; scowl ;
glower knit the brow [P]
r jfi'thlk' n.f. cry squeak chirp iS-.J**
Vjchiti but ana V.T. make (someone) uy

out reduce to straits hol'na v.i.
utter a cry of helplessness IfJfeOjtchifi' cha'par
kar'na v.i. wrangle l chin' kar'na _ v.i.

chirp murmur . grumble chatter

chib' manna v.i. admit defeat ,
i'jg, chi ns n.m. a kind of corn jojigehl'na gotid
gum arabic fijlOZthi'na hadam’ n m.
(dial ) ground nut
J£Z<hih *' n.f. bruise

chattifb n.f. small corn for birds /

'.Jjfchaitck'la n m. fledgling

skein of thread r> / ^S’

far ch«'gi po'te n.m. pu A

snarrow’s fledeli tiers /PT Av '

skein ot thread 'vs?

b. ’ i chrk'gi po'te n.m. pu A
sparrow’s fledglings

j£jgchefid n.f. fraud . c/9

N.F. sugar Chinese language

iJtygjchoilatj J,ha’tim n.m. name of a pre-Islamic Arab
nge \ ^chieftain of ‘Tai* tribe and famous for /his

t challenge [E] generosity generous person- v liberal person;
e test ; repose munificent person ki qab’r
•ft chain’ kar'na par lot' marna ph. (iron.) lie very generous
irts . ha' jib n.m. doorkeeper . janitor

ula at end of ^chamberlain Lord Chamberlain

iceforth

*. rfi-hajat (PL l r'\sl?hajat'} n.f. need ; want
.. W requirement ; necessity poverty

trown JjUj U“’ w ; s q prayer ; supplication call of nature
rown , scow , ^jt/^^p^'jat.par-a'Tl^is^krha'jat-rava 'i n.f.

. supply. of want fulfilment of wish or

c irp .CU' desire \jj£j£p[fba‘ jot raj' 1 kar'na v.i. answer

, '. S ,° r ? C / ? nC ’ Lf> the call of nature supply (someone’s) need

; 1 m, na , //' I'fttc^Z^hajat ta’va kar’na v.t. grant (some; ..

datf Lr'/r^vT onc ’ s ) %vish supply (someone’s) need

chattcr”^!/^- qtW-ehajat n.f answering the call of nature
U " ‘ Jffrha'jat-matd AD). poor ; indigent needy
• n.f bed pan (Aj

JlsZchlna goftd ha'jiz n m. obstacle barrier screen

na hadam n m. .4 AD ) . hindering intervening fA]

rT^baji (rar zffibaj ped .Q/l^lal-haj) N.M
(✓•one who has performed I , the pilgrimage to
birds Mecca; ‘haji’ pilgrim jif tf.Urha'j il-haramain’

*jy u n.m. pilgrim who has been to both Mecca and

in 8 /M Medina [P~ A^^CORR.)

| hadis adj. created (opp. eternal)

PL * A. np.u ■ FrrcVi incinient 1A1

•JPchi m N.F. sugar t-nmese language i -

n.m. Chinese adj. Chinese jJr&birA parotid dah . U

n F. (arch.) soft Chinese * ~ ^ « vtya-e had dah n.m.

».». u*t>

. - , *^new ; fresh incipient [A) _

P. ha'disah n.m. (PL. bhadisatcZ') *?hava Vis)
accident adventurr misfortune

calamity [A~PREf'.l
- j AarfVoA adj. acute con traded
had'dah n.m. acute angle,

.Vi Aa'dtf adj. expert skilful £)i-sd?tablb-t

n r. ant i^(jl>J^chyOOljtiya1i lag'na v.i. (of skin)
-income sensitive owing to heat
fc'JCthyooh'i* n.f. (see under ★)

sacoooaotNM

IU\

* ht n.f. ninth letter of Urdu alphabei (also
C/ called As'-e Afit'tJ or ba-t moh'malah) (used
onlv in words of Arabic derivation) (in
jummal reckoning) eight

(Sj MSZiq ADJ. expcil ■

QjbJ^’haki'm-e ha'nq n m. expert

physician „

^(^Aar ADJ. (with pi.. FjUlar'raA) hot |A -^>1

_ . ha’rij n.m. hindrance ; obstruction adj.
^'hindering (A~ C/S'} %

jLtbhd'sid ad|. jealous n m. jealous person

jA^l

^>\p hofsah n.f. (n.+rp haras') sense (A-cT )

A, Aa’flia int. God forbid adv. (rare) besides
‘ jy'.^UrAa'd/a vc-kal la int. God forbid
no ; never ; not at af1 / j£fl?bhaskak allah' int
God preserve you from i i God forbid (A)

>. ha'shiyah n.m. marginal note . note

margin border ; hemj&J'Wa jhijah-
bar-dar' N.M. fellow-traveller lackey memal

269

4 ^

J*

n.m. witness to
marginal witness
fellow-traveller

Aoirka'pa v T, add margi
nal notes ;make addition . make comments
embellish an account ha shiyah chkor'na

v.t. leave a margin4j^Wa 'shiya-da r' adj. border-
ed rha'shiyah ka gavah' n.m. witness

the execution of a deed ;

ha’ Aiy arnasHiri n.m.
companion lackey (A]

. N M - produce ; product crop

V gain profit revenue ; tax ; duty
collection result ; inference consequence
J*l^lal-fa’sil conjT (see underjl-ft)
ha sil-bazafi n.m. 'market cess sil-e

tafilq’ n.m. (Math.) remainder.; balance
ha sil-e jam” n.m. (Math.) total sil-e

taq&m’ n.m. (Math.) quotient ^siJfcha'sU-t
zor’b n.m. (multiplication) product L^J%ha'sil
ker'na v.t. obtain ; get gain learn
fUflyHr fra'sil e kalam' n.m. gist resume the
points made ha' sil ho' pa v.». be had] be
Obtained accrue come to hand V

ha'sil na hnsool' ph, ungainful putsuit silly
(talk etc.)

y^ba'zir adj. present in attendance
ready willing ; agreeable _ at hand
(gram;) the second person ( ft/ir ba'zir-bash adj.
regular in attendance ; attending regularly^j^
fra'zir-ba'ski n.f. regularity in attendance 4 r'ljpfc
ia'tir-jevab' adj, ready-witted quick at
repartee ()jf/£ba'zir-java'bi n.f. repartee

readiness, in , reply Cfjsfcha’zir raih’na .v.i. be
present khid'mat met fa'zir

ndh'na v.i, wait za'min n.m.

surety for (someone’s) personal appearance in-
law-court one offering bail for (somcone)t^t^
ta’ztr zam'id N.f. such bailor surety
Jjn‘ zir kor'na v.t. produce (someone)
pgpsent : lay before summon make ready

oiflnipre.|

ko

ha' Ztr (-a*) na'zir mak'kt adv. believing God to
be Omnipresent and . Omniscient proving

one’s ‘bona Bdes' fyy£fa'zir ho’na v.t. attend

be present . be at hand be ready be at the
•ccrice ofyifaJ'[hau'-ja'zir adj. absent ; away
not present misting 4 ^ Aariraf n.f. invoca-

tion of spirits exorcizing authority over
spirits necromancy kar'na v.t.
Invoke spirits exorcise jjl/^hazira'n n.m.
necrOmancer exorciser (jJ^Wzirl (co!.
h*'zxi) n.f. attendance presence

present : lay before summon make rea<
/V<kt/^ba’zir(-o-') na’&'r adj. (of God) oiimipr
sent and omniscient fj»tkhad&'

InVtr /.a.\ ai'wr tAu J ,

Western style breakfast offering of victuals
sacred funeral dinner in commemoration of
Imam Husain's martyrdom fyjjjf Irha'zirt dim
v.i. attend tid'tfj&bha' ziri kha'nd v.i. have
Western-style breakfast partake of this sacred
meal CJg/rtrka'ziri lira v.t. call the roll ; call
out the”* names &o'ta haz'rl (ped.

ha'ziri) n.f. bed teac^Xr/iactrin'
n.m. pl. audience int. gentlemen
hazirl'ttrtjal'sah n.m. pl. audience this
meeting

lz n.m. one who knows the Holy
Quran by heart ; Koran -Conner preserver
protector ; guardian : a governor (God as)
protector ; preserver blind man pen-name
of a Persian poet of the Timurid period cele-
brated for his mystical-erotic poetry
fa'fiz-e haqi'qi n m. (God as) true protector

lA~ja*”l

fiSlffe'fizak n.m. , ^ memory retentive
memory \Jj[(jC&i%£f\fha'fizak ttz' (or kapd')
ho’na v.t. have a good (or bad) memory (A - )&]
Sir/ ho'kim n.m. ruler official ; officer
[commander chief ; boss ha'kim-e a*' la,

ha'kim-e ba'la N.M. higher authority
the supreme authority ft IJfJla ha'kim-e diva' til
n.m. officer of the civil court civi l authority

g&Jlrlta'kimt zil” n.m. Deputy Commis-
sioner Deputy Collector^Jlij/f^^ >ia 'kim
‘alal-itlaq’ n.m. (God as) Omnipotent
ha'kim-e fauj da'ri n.m. judge president over a
criminal court ha'kim-e mut'taq n.m.

despot one wielding absolute power (God
as) Omnipotent ha'kim-e vaq't n.m. the ruler of
the day ; the present ruler jl/Uhakima'iuk adj.
authoritative adv. like an officer tf\*ka kind H.r.
(col.) authority being an officer

hakimiyyat n.f. sovereignty authority
(f itS+Jifkakimiy yat-e a 'la n.f. ultimate
authority true sovereignty (A J
jtfhal *t Jit. condition ; state ' situation

^circumstances details; particulars
rapture ; ecstasy (gram.) present tense ; the
present (C^ftftfjiabal a'na (or khel'm) v.t. be
enraptured ; be thrown into txtta»4ha'-lah-keh
adv. though ; although ; even though
despite the fact that^/l^jU^a/' pQr'saa (col.

Jhy\sSp6rsa'n-e hal') adj. those inquiring after
solicitous pat'la ko'na v.i. be in a

miserable condition (f '^ f i irbar -bar' A n.m.
enquiring after (someorfe’s) health solicitude
appearance (in court) roll-call muster-roll | Iw'm vj. have

(one’s) condition aggravated go from bad to
worse JflfeS’bu'ra )al n.m. bad condition

evil days (Jjlr^bl'u ha' lob adv. Mien on
evil days in tatters Jfgrfba-har' hal' adv.
in any case ; at any rate however ; neverthe-
less : nonetheless Jbilstabafi'-hal, (jkstabah'-hal

l)lr2& < dnkas'Ui-hal adj. in bad circum-
stances ; passing through hard times ; fallen on
evil days ruined (person) J^jfr/chfisfc-Aa/' adj.

well-to do rich ; wealthy prosperous
dlf%*soo’rat-e fal' N.r. state of affiurs Jl/ 1 ^
fil-W adv. now ; at present at the
moment fj^^^mUqtaza-i hal' n.m. exigency
of the situation^ftjj?/(fAa7-0 qal' n.m. state ;
condition real and apparent condition [A]
yy *a7a conj. yet [P ~ A JW

.~^ ...^ r balat' n.m. pl. details ; particulars
” cond itions v

; . y i3/at' n.m. pl. details ; particulars
* conditions circumstances
soo'ral-e halat' n.f. state of affairs ^
halat' ka taqa'ot n.m. exigency of the circum-
stances [A~foll.]

|a7«/ n.f. (tuvlHrfalat') state of
^ affairs LjZ^^Jkha'lai gh air' ho' na v.i.
be in the throes of death be in a miser-
able condition not” n.f. the

throes of death the last gasps £dl?tf / dburi
ha' l fit n.f. miserable condition bad circum-

stances aggravated state [A ~Jlr]
tpia'mid n.m. one who praises God
* panegyrist [A~ jP]

^ ha' min adj. sour ; acid sharp ;
L/'S pungent [A]

L.ha'mil n.m. bearer (of Something) (fyJfJijflr
is y ha' mil-t rUq'‘ah (Aa'ea) ph. the bearer of this
note [A~ if]

» t_ ha'milah n.f. pregnant (rare) bearer
(of something) \;j'j>Uha'niilah kar'na v.t.
make pregnant fyj’lrba'milah ho'n a v. conceive ;
be or become pregnant ; be in the family way

». l/a'nd n.m. supporter ally helper
v* (rare) protector (uiu.tfi ha' mi)
assurance yes%^(j ( fM/<ami (or ha' mi) bkor'na
v.i. , say yes agree ; consent assure
acknowledge (A]

'iris NJf. (lit.) perjurer [A]

y bending
•ji &'kah, t
(woman)

skilled ; expert
^comprehensive

compre-

controlling

"j, ia”iitth,(J^ha”iz n.f. & aoj. menturating

(woman) (A~

J^ha-'U adj. intervening hindering
standing in the way disturbing ("Jj/'lp
ha'Ul kar’na v.t. raise (wa li) between ’ U

ho'na v.t. intervene come in the way
interrupt disturb stand (as a wall) between
separate

xjrlfnb n.f love affection J^Jlt^hub' b-ul-

* . m' tanx, l J > )\^ r h\iVb-t-iijBL tan n.f. patriotism

^d^hub' b-e-nai' , ^t^hub' b-t rnf's N.M.
egotism seXh&mt&J&t&'kub'brO-bugh'z n.m.
love and hatred hub n.m. love

charm [A]

y^jyhab n.f. (PL.4-Of$s4oe6') pill (rare)

* grain (rare) seed tJj^L-S’hab' b-ul-mulook'
n.m. croton seed [A]

^yyhabab' n.m. bubble L'J^yhaba'b asa' adj.

* * like a bubble flimsy short-lived
tyl^ifhabab’ Bjk'na v. to bubble [A]

I * bob' baza int. (rare) buck up bravo ;

Uj well done

r ^fi f hab's n.m. imprisonment; confinement
is * retention ; withholding inability to
pass (urine, etc.) close or sultry weather ofy 4 ?
hab's-Ul-baul n.m. strangury ir^'f^ab's-e bt' ja
Njd. wrongful confinement f%f?hab's-e dam
n.m. holding the breath suffocation fojjr?
hab's-e d(*iam' n.m. life-term ; life imprisonment
jp , £~l‘ Jjj?*}(\s'tJ A fhab's-t davami (ba-’tibci'r-t
darya'~e shor) n.m. transportation for life^t-Jf
habsiyyat' n.m. (esp.) verse composed during
imprisonment ; gaol musings [AJ
Ajfha'bashl n.m _ African (rare) Abyssi-
0 * nian Negro ; nigger one of the black
races tawny (pcnon)^/fha'baA f/ ^fk a 'ba3hak
n.m. Abyssinia ; Ethiopia (A]

Lp'fab'l n.f. tope cord &£i(J?hab't-ul
is ' matin' n.f. strong roptjjJjJfhab'l-ul varid'
n.f. jugular vein ;

jfthjimb' n.m. pl. pills (rare) grains
(rare) seeds (A ~ stNO.i-^Tiai]
jThab’bah n.m. grain (fig.) little amount
‘yS^fkab'bak bhar adv. a little [A doublet of
t^kab]

"jr Habib' N.M. friend favourite
V-* beloved iiSi^SfhaH'b-e khida' n.m. the
Holy Ptophet (as the friend of God)

r hal'ta pref. as far as to ; up to
till effri} I (j^hafial-imkan' ,g'Jlfi?hat'tal-vas ‘ ,
jjjStljjFba t'tal-maqdoor' adv. to one’s utmost ;
to the best of one’s ability ; as far as lies
in one’s power / jjf hat'ta keh conj. till ;
until to the extent of to that

£.

27 !

hat' ml adj. definite
■ final sure : certain [A]
^ kit'li n.m. & adj. Hittitc

'arco'ri n.m. bridal chamber [A]

^ haj'm n.m. volume ; thickness (of book) [A

categorical

Z haj n.m. seasonal pilgrhnage to Mecca Hajj
C / pilgrimage /ifljj-e as’ghar n.f. non-

seasonal pilgrimage to Mecca ; ‘umra’
haj'j-e ak'bar n.m. seasonal pilgrimage to
Mecca with ritual falling on Friday pilgri-
mage performed after the conquest of Mecca
fryil ami'r-al-hajiiM. pilgrim caravan chief
leader of pilgrim congregation [A]

(pi., wcf/to'jui) n.m. curtain
« x veil modesty lack of familiarity; lack
of intimacy Wf'r'lfhijsb' uthn’na v.i. lift
the veil , breed familiarity create intimacy
, deprive of sense of shame
hijab’ utk'na (or jata raih'tm) v„i. (or veil) be
removed become familiar. have intimacy
lose sense of shame hi jab' -chash' mi

N:F. ogling ; casting Sheep’s eye hijab'-
kar'na v.i. veil (oneself) conceal one’s face
(from) blush ; be abashed [A]

hujjaj' n.m. pl. pilgrims [A ~ siNG.^Uor

rr haj jam n.m. (see under u- 'JTn.f if)

C*\f hija'mat (col. haj a mat) n.f. hair cut

. t shave tonsure phlebotomy

bV'iZsij/ hajs' mat banana v.T. shave cut the

hair tonsure despoil defraud
heja'mat ho'm v.i. have a shave or haircut
be defrauded of money (fZfiajjam’ n.m. barber
hairdresser phlcbotomist (fifhajjami n.f.
barber’s trade phlcbotomisi’s trade [A]
hu’jub N.M. (PL. ofs-'JfN.M ★)

kujjat n. f (pl. rare * mjaj) argu-
* ment . reason proof objection
excuse ; pretext altercation dispute
huj'jat kar'na v. reason ; argue object ;
raise an objection cavil taunt l‘D£>%hiijjat
la nd v.T. object adduce ah argument (jfi
huj'jati adj. quarrelsome [A]

Zifa jar n.m. (pl jtfhijsr', jlfiahjar') stone

pebble rock ha'jar-e as' sad n.m.

black stone of the Ka'aba |A]

0 £ huj'rah n.m. chamber closet cell
y * small room in mosque, etc for resi-
dence |Aj

hdj'loh (ped.jfha'jaloJt) n.m. bridal

chamber canopied bed^j fs}**fhaj'la~t

j^had 'n.f. (pl. jjJfhudood') limit ; boundary ;

extremity margin extent (Islamic
law) restrictive or penal ordinance penalty
for transgressing it definition adv. to the
utmost degree extremely at least (Jptj?
had-d e aqai n.f. minimum^/^ had’d-e ak’sar
n.f. .maximum! Pjbbjifhad' bafidh'na v.T. de-
limit define iZisjjphad'-bas't n.m. delimita-
tion (of lands) boundary scttlement^A?
had' -bail'd 1 , n.f. delimitation boundary
had'd-e bul pogh' n.f. majority ; age of
puberty had'd-e buloogh' ko pahufich'ns

v.i. attain majority had' se barh'ns v.i.

transgress exceed one’s powers go
beyond limits ubi^S'J^had jr ziyfi'dah adv,
very much extremely {j^jlrhad'-slii'kani n.f
encroachment transgression I’/yphad' kar'na
v.T. & i. act in a strange manner do one’s
utmost exceed limits push (something) to
had' lagan a (or qa"itn
kar'na) v.y. (Islamic law penalize for transgress-
ing limits ky^jf had'd-t mutavas'sat n. medium
had'd-e mahdood’ n.m. limited leasehold
(Vf J0 had' ho’ ns v.i. exceed bounds be
very surprising j?j\ az had,jf£. be had adv. extre-
mely ; excessively [A]

•• hid' dat U.r. pungency sharpness
** acu teness virulence LA]

'/* , _ huda n.f. (correct but ped. pronunciation

V'f ottS^hu'di if)

US^jgrhadasat n.f. freshness prime (of life)
f_ haddad' n.m. ironmonger smith

(J'jphada'iq n.m. pi., of n.m. if)

•

O ha' das n.m. farting, or answering call of
nature, etc. necessitating fresh ablutions [A]
hUd oo s' n.m newness , freshness

novelty (A]

hudood' n.f (dial m.) limits

boundaries . confines , limits definitions
(Islamic law) restrictive or penal ordinances
jUjIffalfudoo'd-t-ar'ha'ah n.f. (dial, m.) the
four boundaries 5 *%}rhudoo'd-e shar'iy'yah n.f.
(dial, m.) restrictive or penal ordinances of
Islam penalties for transgressing these [K-M
PL.]

jV

273

,s:.r. industry industrialization [A]

* hir jab n u trade craft j^fjllah l-e
' /nr /ah i'coI aih-j n m aitisans crafts-
men workmen n-t hir'jah n m.

(arch ) trade mark^A doublet of prec.J
..(phajkal (ped ,^/hn rakat) n f motion ,
* movement action gesture posture
(gram.) short vowel misdemeanour

mischief travel rakat-e dav ri

l or dauny yah) n.f rotation i£r(fha' rakal
de ni v t move set in motion (gram.)
put a vowel-pbint over vjc/fba rakat kar'na
- i move , make a move do (something)
improper do as mischiefu si/j'harakil' n.f. pl.,
motions ; movements actions (gram.)
vowel-points C’tyyCstffliataka l-o uxkamt' n.f.
((': •! m.) gestures postures movements[A]
S p ha' ram n.m. the sanctuary of Mecca ; the

I Ka’aba close . sanctuary ‘women’s
apartment harem seraglio wife yf^/ta'ram-

sara n j harem . seraglio i£*! / ?'f£S'ha' ramain-e
sharifaw n.m. pl. the two as sanctuaries of
Mecca and Medina [A]

Af^/nr'mah tfkfhirmari n.m. dismay , dis-

appointment . despondence dejection
deprivation u-rtfjtyhir'mah-nasib' adj. & n.m.

unfortunate dismayed (person) (A-
« . hur mat n.f dignity , honour , esteem
sanctity unlawfulness ii^i^^hur mat-
tola Adj. venefable sacred prohibited

(A-rt^i

( J'j^fdr'mol n.m wild rue [A]

tj?>? far oof ' n.m. letters of (the alphabet)

huroo'f-e-tahaj'ji IfflCflT’hUroo’ful-
htja' n.m. pl. letters of the alphabet [A ~ sing.
OtAj

hUrnyyat (or hur'riyat ) n. f. freedom ;

** liberty emancipation . enfranchisement

fA~rl

j^fhafir' n.m. silk silk-cloth {^J^hann
** adj. silk silken soft sleek fine [A)

Ojtf hri' rah n.m. ,a kind of eaudle ; batter-
*• eaudle

dp harts' adj. greedy covetous
gluttonous (rare) avid (A ~

'Jpf/artf n.m. & adj. opponent adver-
sary rival equal ; peer colleague
(one) able to stand (A)

covetous

J phar'xm (n.m pi hurum) boundry
J * the Ka'aba sanctuary house . resi-
dence outer walls of the house (rare)

wife | A)

iPL.ft/'iaheah') n.m .party
• group (rare) army , force b-r

tkhtilaf n.m. the Opposition opposition party
j^i^yhi^b-e iqtidat' n.m party in power
Government party . Treasu/y Benches [A]
j* p hat! m n.m vigilance carefulness .

I - ' watchfulness j ifrljf’fhaz'm-o ihliyat' n.m
vigilance and carefulness , cautiousness j A]
.phaz'n, (or ha'zan) (or ha' tin) n.m. sorrow .
y* grief affliction {jtJPhazxh adj. sorrowful
sad grieved ; afflicted melancholy (A]
n.f (PL.fj'iyhavas') sense ; sensation
C/ (^\j^his' s-e ba’pni n.f perce pt ion
his's-e za’hiri n.f sensation ^Jjsfj^’his' s-t mush
larak n.f (rare or ped.) common sense (A]
h-^phisab n.m arithmetic (col.) mathe-
matics account rate counting .
reckoning calculation , computation^N^*-
I’J’hisab' be-baq' kar'na v.T. pay off debts
settle or clear an account ; be quits
htsab p k kar'na v.t. settle or clear account
end murder hi sab' pakho'tm v.i.

be t jits (of accounts) be settled Or clear
be honesi jau ;au

ba khsh ish' sau sau prov. munificance apart
account must be clear li/Sl^b^hisab jor’na v.t.

add up ; total calculate ; compute
his &b’ -dan n.m. mathematician accountant

JsyjjJls'&lSTnsab-e dos'tah dar dil' prov. friend
do not keep an account of presents exchanged
mutually \s<L>ifhisab' de'na v.t. render an ac-
count 1&-J iZhisab rakh'na v.t. keep account

• ' #♦/ . j

maintain an account w O^eL^hisab' kilab' n.m.
accounts Vyi^L^hisab' kar'na v.i. calculate:

compute settle an account •_/ IShisob ki
bat pl. matter pertaining to an account
reasonable stan dL'lfiupl^’^hsib' logout v.t.
estimate calculate V^y^l^hiab' le'na v.t. take
an account (from) (&J i) CtCijf^flS'husab' meh
rakh'na (or le'na) v.i. ** consider take into
account sab' -navis n.m. ledger writer

(JJJhrjfylap'n* hisa'boh adv. according to me
(etCi )4yhisa'bi adj. pertaining to accounts
arithmetical reasonable -n.m. mathemati-

cian one strict in matters of account fA)
tj[~bassas' ADJ. .sensitive Emotions!

(*L

274

j&L

f'iS’fasam n.f. sword {A]

sat n.m. . lineage pedigree
* nubility t m *^ > tj>»m+S'Aa'sab-(o) na'sab n.m.
n m. lineage pedigree nobility [A]
_yfhas'b n.m accordance t r ^ f 'has'b-e aDV. &
i 1 • prep according to in conformity with
>1 /jh~*S}ias'lb* it shad' , has' b-isl-hiik'ni,

iSslfi^S'hasb-hida'jai adv. as desired ; as
ordered in compliance with orders, instruc-
tions, etc. b-e tal' adv. as demanded

by the exigency of the situation a^jri—^has’b-e
dil-khah' adv. after one’s own heart tfJs^has'b-t
zatl' adv. the following ; as follows ;
has'b-t z&'bitah, fyelf i^-^has b-e qa‘idah adv.’ in
accordance with the procedure adj. procedural
qanoori adv. legally ; according
to law (Jjfk^fash-c ma'mool adv. as usual
^ hasb-t man! qe\ ft^-^hasb-e mau'qah

adv. as »he case may demand ; according to tire
need of the occasion [A] . /

fa! sad n.f. jealousy malice

\!j) fa' sad rakb'na for kar'nzt) v.t. be
jealous bear malice [A)

d^d^’kias'rat n.f. regret wistfulness

longing pining j/lsZy-^kas'rat-alood',

fas'rat-aloo'dah, tjj£jr* jr has'rat za'dah
adj. sad ; sorrowful ; full of sorrow grief-
stricken : overwhelmed with grief wistful ;
pining fas' rat tha n adj. (of looks)

longing wistful pining [A]

-jrk&s'n n.f. beauty pretfincss ; comefiness

C/ handsomeness grace ; gracefulness
elegance the beautiful a beau tyju%r r

hus'n-e ittifaq' n.m. lucky chance good
fortune ; stroke of luck bits' rt-e akltlsq'

n.m. manners ; good manners etiquette
politeness ; courtesy f\ tyitj*' hiis'n-e inti am!
n.ti. good discipline ; good management

managerial efficiency JitfZ hiss' n-e tadtnr' n.m.

sound policy J£~gf*'hus'n-t la'lil' n.f.
ascribing to a different cause busn-e sabth’

n.m. blondness blond, blonde L^^hus'n-e
ta'lab h.m. nice way of asking J’yS’hvs'n-f tan’
n.m. good opinion favourable vkwjfy*'

has n't 'a’ mat n.m. good deeds walking in
the ways of God fas'n-e mat'la ‘ n.m.

second couplet of the ode (J^c/'bus'n-t mui'laq
n.m. (God as) the Absolute Heauty^^T^ur 'n-«
muqay'yad n m . mortal beauty g~(y*'jhus'n-t
matlh' n.m. the coloured beauty

muqt'bala-e hus'n n.m. beauty contest ; beauty
competition (AJ

or ha son adj. good n.m. name of the second
CJ' Shi’ite Imam ha'sanah adj. good k5'U r
Iws anal' n.f. pi.. good actions ; vinuousdeedi
virtues [A - SING. -s']

hasood ' adj. jealous grudging n m.
jealous person [A~>^l

^phasin' (ji^hasih adj. handsome , pretty ;
w** beautiful comely graceful J^hast nah
n.f. beautiful woman ; a beauty eJ^h&si'na-t
‘atom n.f. Miss universe [A -

fasatn’V n . m . name of the lecond Shi’iti
w'** Imam martyred at Kerbala
Ap'fash'r n.m. resurrection ; doomsday
J wailing ; lamentation tumult hue and
cry Vj'fcbjb/J^hasW t bar-pa' (or btrpa') kar'nn
v.t. weep and wail aloud cause a tumult
yau'm-ul-hash'r ttM. .the day of resurrec-
tion ; the Doomsday ( ba'ghj n.m.
(col.) traitor for following.the rabble (A]

& hashamt’ n.m. pujjlf'oj^hasjiara't-ul-ar'z
!/ n.m. pl. insects (esp. as seen creeping
after rains) the scum of society too many
and unprovided-for children (A]

Jj£?’hasj<'fah n.m. ‘glans penis’; head of penis (AJ

r

fa' sham n.m. pl. retinue . train (of ser.
vants) equipage k ha' dam- o

/fa' sham n.m. pl. equipage [A — sing. cJ')

„ j Z2'hash'mat n.f. pomp dignity
riches ; wealth [AJ ,

•p'hasjs’v n.m. padding stufring>/>jj
* fasWv-o zava'd n.m. padding (A) 4 .

A hashish" hm. dry hemp leaves ; diTa
(✓** hasHlsJtijfin’ n.m. pl. Assassins : fanatic
followers of the Middle Ages Shi’iic leader
Hasan bin Sabah [AJ

ksrhhar N.M. fort ; fortress ; oastje ,
d**" fortification rampart enclosure

hisar’ bahdk'na v.t. set up an enclosure
jl^r^ba’la-kisar' n.m. citadel [AJ
^ has'r n.m. reliance counting ; reckon-
z' ing taking (of something) into account [A]
Ad&'fa'sas n.m. shares stock* parts
portions (A>^1

J&$s * n.m. fort ; fortress ; castle fortiA-
& cation di&*4hs’n-t fatin' n.m. impreg-

nable fortress name of a prayer book- [A]

iwp’fauoal' n.m. acquisition achievement ,
attainment

275

jptfs'sah N .M. (pl. also J^hi'ses) part
portion share lot J&hi s’ sa-dar, his'se-

i tor n.m. partner shareholder^ U^’his'sa da'ri,
his'se-da'ti n.f. partnership sharing
his'sah-rasadl n.f. proprortionate share
his'sah It'na v.t. participate ; take part in
receive {one’*) share his'se ( bakhre )

kar'na v.i. apportion distribute share
(something) between or among [A|

\grhtlzar n.m. sojourn (as opposed to travel)

' (rare ) settled (as opposed to nomadic) state
iff. J£?haz!rat n.m. (pl. i^f^hazarat') title
' preceding name of saint, etc. (rare)
court _ mischicyous person scoundrel
zil'l-e subha' m n.m. (the king
as) the shadow of God ; His Majesty
bare haz'rat n.m. arrant knave; consummate
T&scaAc^J^haearat' n.m. pl. title preceding
names of saints, poets, etc. gentlemen int
Gentlemen

'hizoor' int. sir Your Honour (etc.)
^ j . >LM. presence (of superior) court
(d£}y**£ke huzoot (met) before (a superior)
j) {jjf^k&zoo' r- e p&tjnoor' n.m. his illustratious
Honour (etc. ) jfly j^hazoo' r-e vs' la,
bazoo r-e aq'das n.m. His # Honour (etc.) int. you;
Your Honour (etc.) tfjj&h&zoo' ri n.f presence
n.m. attendant [A]

NM * < ^ e P t ^ 1 low-lying ground

JsP'hatim' n.m. western wall near Ka'aba
r* a year-old plant adj. broken [A]

I* baz n.m. pleasure delight lot ;
M portionCtf/j^ Bths' na v.i. enjoy
derive pleaure DU^j^haz'z-e nafsa'ni n.m.
sensual pleasure •^JjJlrhaz'z-o kar'h n.m. pleasure
and pain [A]

£\jP'hifi&z! n.m. (pl. oiH^hafz n.m. if)

■ "Jr laTkifa n.f. safety ; security
custody defend protection

preservationl^^^/a’^at kar'na v.
defend

*S>JieT

protect

preserve [A doublet of foll.]
btfz N.m. memorization ; learning by
heart ; learning by rote defence
protection preservation \i/)iJf'hifz kar'na v.t.
commit to memory ; learn by heart ; learn by
rotef^jjIyCj fc) LliPhif'z-t ma' taqad'dom ( kt ^ tour'
par) n.m. (as) a precautionary measure
W‘Z, mt mara'tib n.m. observing the etiquette
paying due regard to the status of each
kifz-e na'kar ph. (W. dial.) May escape influence
of evil eye [A]

Guardian

pro-

tljp'kaflz' n.m. (God as)
tector [A~j$r]

•*~haq adj. & n.m. God truth right
W equity ; justice lot ; share claim due
remuneration 1‘jljtyhaq' ad a' kar'na v.t.
give (someonebhis due do justice (to);do full
justice (to) irisijyhaq'q-e asai"ish n.m. right of
convenience jlfll^fhaq’ q-Sl-‘ibad' x. rights of hu
man beings J&ijFAaq'q-uUak' n.m. rights of God
'frlrJiffiaq' q-e-irja‘ -e na'lish n.m right of appeal
L/If.Z Jbaq'ba-ja'riib adj. justified -f fifty haq
'ba-haq-dar' rasld' prov. everyone gets his due *5?^
haq-paras't adj. & n.m. pious (person) true
believer godly (person )if*5fthaq para'sli n.f.

true faith godliness ut^fthaq'q e tasnf
n.m. copyright jfijyhaq ta'n'la n.m. the Most
High God ; the Great God ft'fthaq ta'lafi n.f.
usurpation Vj(p ft haq ta'lafi kar'na v.t.
usurp the rights (of) encroach (upon) VL^fft
haq pahftfich’na v.i. have the right to VjZz'i Vft
haq ss' bit kar'na v.i. prove one’s claim
haqjala'na v.t. press one’s right or claim
taqq joo"i n.f. search for truth pursuit of
truth "(i^fu/^C^hoq'q-e hln haja'li nm. life
interest iSSjbbf’Lf'haq'q e khud iradiy'yat n.m
right of self- determination adj.
deserv j (person) rightful having a right
or cla (to) (Ljljjl'bCP haq daba'na (or msr'na)
usurp (someone’s) right deprive (some-

V.T

one) of his Ane(fij4~ijfthaq'q-e rn"t debt n.m.
right to vote ftj ft haq'-ra' si n.f. redress
relief justice VJ ftl ft h a <( ra'sl kar'na. v.t,
do full justice to tf&fthaq'q-t sh fah n.m. right
of pre-emption t/*&fthaq-shinas' adj. godly
righteous pious giving everyone his due
dutiful appreciative ftftftlfaq-Mna'sl n.f.
godly righteousness justice ; doing even-
hand d justice dutifulness appreciation
'fthaq'q-t malika'nah N.M. (pl.
hiqno’q-e malika'nah) proprietary righu ftftX
ke haq men prep. for in the interests of
Vslfltm^tftfaql na'mak ad a' kar'na v.i. do
one’s duty creditably make a sacrifice for
one’s master uirhaq'qa adv. truly ; verily
By God'fl&haqqa'ni adj. godly VZffirhaqqantj'yat
(col. haqqa'niyat) n.f. truth ; veracity
godliness righteousness [A]

CSi~ hiqa'ral n.f. contempt ; scorn ; disdain
hatred vfy [frhiqn'ra t kat'na,*dfift£jt$r
Orj hiqarat ki na’zar st dekfi’na v.t. despise .
look down upon disdain [A]

276

truths facts [A ~ SING.

{j\fP r haqa''iq M.M.

J

»*^huq’nah n.m. enema ; clyster Vjjj/P'hUq'noh
^ kar'na V.t. clyster [A]

*» f N ' M- rights , dues ; privileges
duties remuneration Vfij I qooq'
tda kar'na v.i. give (someone) his dues do
(something; rdcc\y Q^huqooq' q-e zoujiy'yat

n.m. fl. conjugal rights ipptfyjgbunya'di huqooq'
n.m. pl. fundamental rights {A - sing. Or]

•fohuq qah n.m. hookah ; hubble bubble
(rare) casket (rare) fraud; trick jf>J2e^
fyuq'qa-baz N.M. trickster impostor jugg-

ler (joc.) hookah-addict jty&'huq' qa-bardar'
n.m. servant carrying master’s hookah
huq’qah pa .$ bahd' kar'na v.t boycott ex-
communicate \fJ»jC/&’kuq' qah ta'znh kar'na v.i.
change water in ‘hookah’ bowl ; wash Oiookah’
pipes, etc. [A]

«« haqqiy'yat n.f. ownership proprietary’
•• right far'd haqqiy'yat n.f proprietary
statement [A ~cf]

^ yhaqxr ’ adj. abject vile contemptible
•• despicable mean ; base petty
teqir'jsn'na V.T. despise ; look down upon
disdain regard as petty [

* m '“fi'hacjtqat n.f. fact ; fact of the matter;

»* reality condition ; state account
truth vcracitrfj&A&'haqi'qal-pasafid' n.m. realist
adj. Tcalistic pld^t^S^kaqi'qal pasaiida'nak adj.
realistic adv. realistically (fjj&S&lpaql' qal~pasati di
n.f. realism realistic &U\tVide*ze-&haqf qalan

rtDj. in fact-, in truth; in reality really
haqi'qt adj. real actual factual own
sanguine ‘fclaftfS^’haqi'qi bha’i N.m. ^brother
i'tfi bai'han n.f sister )aqi'qi

rish'lah n.m. full blood [A]

| hak n.m. erasure deletion cutting

gem, etc. VjiXrhak kar’na v.t. erase
deWte£J^/££ hak'k-o islah' n.f. deletion and
cometian jfrbim^hak'k-o iza'fah n.m. deletion
and nAAxtiwh ^'/jfJ^hak' k-o larn&tri n.f. dele-
tion and amendment [A]

A/phOkkan' n.m. officers authorities
'■ commanders rulers [A ~ sing. r^\
iS<Z,tika’yal n.f. tale story ’fable
** detail narrative report Tj^tfikayit’
n.f. Ft.. tales fables stories [A]

6^ huk'm n.m. order ; command decree

f* ordinance decision ; Verdict prccem

jurisdiction authority prediction
/fr/ n'i,. adv by or under orders Jfr^hVk'm-t

im tins' % n.m. injunction ; prohibitory order
I'l) huk'm ba-ja' la'na v.i. obey carry
out the order (of) huk' m-bardar' adj.

mandatory obedient (jjIjS, huk'm -bar da' ri

n.f. mandate obedience huk’m

ja’ri kar’na v.t. issue an huk m

ja’rl ho’nav.i. (of order) be issued
huk’m-e ha’kim mar’g-e mufajat’ prov. what
cannot be cured must be endured huk’m

that ana v.i rule , to govern ’ exercise
authority control ; keep under the thumb
huk'm de’na v.t. order ; issue an order
pass an order g/ tfhuk'm-ra'rii n.m. sovereign ,
ruler tyJP’ hukm-ra’ tri n.f. power rule
reign sway control huk’m suria'rm

v.i. announce the judgement give the
verdict , give the decision U irfytf/Ssoza’ ka
huk'm suna’na v.t. convict zab’fi

n.m. forfeiture orders ^I^Vuk'm-e zah'H n.m.
endorsement (on petition/ etc.) huk’m

‘ udoo’ti kar’na, {,‘J^'kuik'm kar'na v.t. &, i.
infringe an order; violate impugn qa't' l i
huk'm ^’iyJ'Takhiri huk'm fCM. finalorder
categorical imperative D/f huk'm kar'na v.t
order command decree /give the verdict
huk'm laga'na v.i.’ predic t$'L'/&’hak 'm-t
na'tiq n.m. peremptory order hlk’ m-na' mah
n.m. decree written orders judgment
(f huk' ml adj. (pf remedy) efficacious
infallible sure , certain (A]

fia'kam n.m. arbitrator , mediator
| umpire ; referee [A]
tu>'k3kama' n.m. philosophers sages

physicians [A ~ sing. /<; ]

^ Qr Ink' mot n.f. wisdom philosophy

medical practice policy skill
device trick raison d’etre science

Ink' mat n.f. arts and science

j t^J ^hik' mat-t 'a'matl n.m. policy tacties
sfrategein device practical skjll ‘savoir-

faire’ skill in managements*^ hik'mali adj.
(col.) artful ; ingenious clever [A]
w . / £fiWmat n.f. government sove-
l—A'Jr reignty rule power control
authority sway dominion \A%dSS* hUkoo'met

jata'na v.i. assert one’s authority

jQmhoo'-rl hukoomat n.f. democracy ; republic ,
government of the people ; government of ffij
people for the people by the people
shakh'st hbkoo'mal n.f. one man rule ,de£

potism dictatorship monarchy b'J&tr
hukoo'mat kar'na v 1. govern reign rule

exercise authority hold sway (over) [A
fak'm%

jSb' hakim' n.m physician ; doctor .philoso-
| •* pher sage : savant faki'm-e

foria'nak n.m. philosopher sage baki'm-r.

mut'laq n.m. (God as) the Supreme Sage
ltlm' fakim' n.m. quack; charlatan hakims' nah
adj. -philosophical physician-like sage-
like hafa'mH N.rv medical practice
philosophy [A-

ipfal n.m. solution liquefaction dilu-
tion untying ; loosening doing (a sum)
C/y-'*’ hal' kar'na v.t. solve liquefy*
dilute loosen Jgpj()^fal'l^o ‘aq'd n.m. control
authority management ; administration
^pjlarbab-c hal'l-a-'aq'd n.m. pl. the
authorities had ho'na v.i. be solved
be dissolved be diluted be resolved [A]

| <(- fatal' adj legitimate lawful hav-
ing religious sanction righteousness
(of animal) slaughtered in the prescribed Islamic
way falal- -khor n.m. sweeper ;

scavenger one with lawful earnings one
who earns by the sweat of one’s brow
halal-kho'tWtt.T. • woman scavenger ; sweepress
lawful -anting by the sweat of one’s brow
halal kar'na v.i. slaughter (animal) in
the prescribed way punish severely give a
good hiding do real service in return for
(money, etc.) make lawful [A ~ prec.)
f! U&’hfallij' n.m. carder appellation of a
^ martyred Muslim mystic of the Middle
Ages [A] ,

i.i-fala'lah n.f. woman re-marrying first hus-
band after being divorced by second one
Ujjtfrfala'lah kar'na v.t. marry (divorced
woman) temporarily with the intention of mak-
ing her re-marriage to first husband lawful
[A

jZjtffAala'vat n.r. sweetness suavity (A|

'jjrtil’lai n.f. lawfulness legality [A

,i Jfi'faljan' n.m. Feast given by wijjie with
• money collected from groom’s family
Vsjjtf* hal j an.' kar'na v.i. throw such party
C&fa ’laf n.f. oath^ip^ fa'lafan adv. on oath
I'iidiZebfa'lafutha'na v.i. swear take an
o-Ath^i/iSe^fa' laf-daro'ghi n.f. false swearing
ycrjurylitfjjdhfalfif de'ns v.t. administer an
oi\^i^l\j/t^fa'Jaf-na'mah n.m. affidavit
declaration on oath [A]

“Jffal'q n.m. throat jfiJ* fal’q meii pkabs’na
v.i. nave a catch in the throat
fal’q mcfi niva'lah phaks’na v.t. (of morsel)
choke the throat (of dear friend, etc.) be
remembered while eating something good
hal’q£ adj. gutteral (sound, letter, etc. [A]
(h^’hul'qocm n.m. throat [A]

fal'qak n.m
^ ward

circle

knocker

gathering ; assembly

^ ward knocker buttonhole circuit
loop link V*Xk&(>j£)i}:e gir'JY fal'aah
bandit,' na v.i. form a circle (round) J'/^'fatqa.
ka-gosh' n.m. devoted friend slave
fal'qah.ba-go'shi N.r. slavery devotion [A)
Lpkil'm h . m . toleration ; tolerance affa-
r bility serenity suavity [A]

fal'lah n . m . ( pl . hli'lal ) garment (in

sJ& paradise) (A]

iJjzfa/'m n.m. batter pudding jt.ZZjtfjrlF
fat’ vs khur’dan ra roo" c bay ad prov. success
calls for skill kaV va sa'majhna v.t.

regard (something) as very easy^^^^lr
faba"-e be-dood' n.m. fruit mellowing on tree
anything soft and sleek effiminatc boy
beardless youth matt ’di st

kam (rakk'na) ph. be interested only in personal
gain ty)*falva"l n.m. confectioner; sweetmeat-
seller ( lf}>j if Jjb a) fal va ! ’i fa

dukati' aur da'dajl kt (dial, ka) Ja' le hah prov.
cocks make free with horse’s com -[same as A

| iphulool' n.m. transmigration ; slighting
V* of divine spirit (on someone) prnertra-
tion [A ~ 4K ]

1 m nS ffhal\{' n.m. ally sworn friend (A~

fallni n.m. cereals cooked in meat adj.

[•* mild suave affable tolerant
serene [A -fhil'm)

t-fal'yah n.m. features figure descrip-

tion of (someone’s) features fal'yah

bigzr tta v.T. disfigure . offer a harsh treat
ment [A]

p hi mar’ n.m. (rL.yffamir, ^ fa' mar) ass.

* jackass [A]

faniaqat n.f. folly stupidity
ineptitude [A]

(Jl? hapnnal' n.m. porter [A - J? J

fammsm' n.m. bagnio ; Turkish bath

Pipfammsm n.m. Dagmo ; lurkisit twib
I *' bath water-heater harqmm' kar'r.c
v.t. take a hot bath flZfammam'
luft'gi n.f. common property cheap filing

278

Jlf

placed out for common use fanimam'

mm sab nat'ge prov. a general weakness ; an evil
in which most people indulge IZhamma'ml n.m.

bath keeper bath-attendant masseur
masseuse IAJ

v'fe 3 ' hama'mah n.f. dove pigeon [AJ

.y^r Anna' ’ll n.f. pocket edition of the Holy

^ Quran sword belt cross-belt a kind
of necklace fans,' ’ il kar’na v.t. sling

across the shoulders hang round the neck
'too gale meh fama"l kar’na
v.t throw one’s arms round (someone’s) neck

(A)

^.i—hima'yat n.f. defence protection
* — £’ r support patronage Vj'iS/Jfhxma'yal

kar'na v.t. defend protect support back
patronise (^jTfama'yati n.m. defender
protector patron supporter partisan
ally y tfy?jyhtma'yati ka tat'po n.m. (iron.) weak-
ling relying on outside support [A]
jpham'd n.f. praise (of God) v/yfkam'd kar'na
v.t. praise (God)

"J? hum q n.m. folly stupidity inepti-

U tude [A doublet oft^/fr]

ham l n.m. pregnancy burden ;
load conveyance ; transportation

isqat-e kam'l abortion ; miscar- j

riage lytJ^y^fam'l sa’qu ho'na v.t. have an
abortion lj{ se ho'na v. conceive ; be
pregnant ‘be in the family way (jfjffam'l-o-naq'l
n.m. transportation J&j (ffy/>zara”t , -e ham'l-o-
naq'l n.m. pl. transportation means of transporta-
tion ^conveyance [A]

ifha'mal n.m. name of a sign of Zodiac ; Aries
w fUblfi’j ka'mal n.m. Aries [A]
jjy f.am'lah n.m. attack , assault ^invasion
charge ; onset ; onslaught jy la-
s' oar n.m. invader assailant attacker

VyjJjrkom’la-a'var ho'na v.t. attack : assail
invade charge I'J'jfham'lah kar’na v.t.
attack ; assault ; invade charge storm
sally forth [A- J?]

"JTkamiy'yai n.m. concern for what one is
** honour bound to defend sense of honour
[A doublet

~fanAd' adj. (f. tjJ’hamt’ dah) laudable; praise-
*T worthy *^7j]jf\akhla’ q-e fami'dah,
auss'J-t ham'doh n.m. praiseworthy qualities ;
laudable traits of character \K-j7 )

<V(h»a' (fed. hinna’) n.f. myrtle ; privet ,
henna pnvet powdered myrtle leaves

y\

(used as dye) if fans' -bah'dl n.f dying
(hands and feet) with henna this as wedding
custom ^ C^fana"! adj. henna coloured ; light-
re&j£tf'QO r fana"l kaghat n.m. light-red paper[A]
..•hannari adj. n.m. (God as) Merciful adj.
merciful ; clement (A)

UP ham' bati N.Mi & adj* fans' bitah)

Hanbilite [A]

hah' jar ah n.m.- gullet throat [A]

(Jy h in'tal n.m. wild gourd [A]

'njThanafi n.m. & adj. (pl ahnaf) Mana-
t' fite [A ~ pjffl founder]

L ’phanooi' n.m mummification embal-
■ ' ming. (the dead body [A]

• \grhanif’ n.m. follower of Abraham one
breaking with all others to worship GodfA]
in’ hao'oa n.f. Eve (JlfO Ifhav'va ta’diyafi n f.
’ pl. Eve’s daughters hao'oa ki be ft

n.f woman [A]

; I n> hava'du n.m. accidents occurrences
* misfortune/ CiZ/>lPhavs' dts-e toms' nah

iPham'dis-e tifi'dagl n.f pl. vicissitudes
of life (or fortune) [A~sino.^U]

,/jfy hava'ri n.m. partisan companion
apostle , one of Chnst’sJ apostles
n.m. pl. (rare) stunted venomous adders [A]

.i favss’ n.m. pl. xnses{ffyj^-\! ( j t Sffaoas-
U 7 bakh'lah (hona) adj. ^(be) oyt of one’s
senses be flurried VjrffVljjOffifl? h ava-s'
i kika'ne (or qs"tm) ho'na v.i^have one’s senses
about ; be all there Z$^J&if&havas' tfuka'nr
lag’na v.t. come to one’s senses ^^ytyhavss's-e
kham'sah n.m. pl. five senses (viz. sight, hearing,
taste, smell and touch) f A
i>i~haos'shi n.m. notes; marginal notes [A~
OJ SINC.^1

Jjjf'hava'sil n.m. a pelican-like bird [~ A]

&ifff faoalst' n.f. lock-up [A — SING. jiy]

jfjjl y faval'-dsr N.M. sergeant ; havildar

favsl-dsr-me'jor n.m. sergeant major ;
havildar-major [A ~ Jly]

(l/y fava’lah n.m reference quotauon
** “ care ; custody frame of reference H/jJlf
fava'lah de'na v.t. give a reference quote or
an authority \fJ^Jffava'le kar'na v.t. make
over , hand over consign surrender [AJ

fava'tl (ped. fava/ai) n.f. environs adv.

Jir 1

279

around JidJif hava'li month n.m. com-
panions attendants neighbours [ ~ A]
^ / |_,^aaa”y n.m.^pl. needs; necessities

& " wants £j)/0 haxto!'xj zarooriyah n.m. pl.
<*ll of nature [A ~ sing.

"phool n.f. fish (sign of the zodiac)

C " r Pisces [A]

phoor n.f. hourie ; black-cyed heavenly
J nymph an exquisite beauty J 1 hood ■
thama’il adj. exquisitely beautiful (beloved, etc.
(A •-sing. Sjfhaura\

^.phau’salah n.m. guts courage ; spirit
ambition gizzard X^fhau’ scla-mabd

adj. courageous ambitious &£y hau' salt
dtkk'rta v.i. know how puny-hearted (someone)
is fiau'salah nikal'na v.i. gratify one’s

desires to the full k ali-hausalah adj.

ambitious magnanimous [A] . , ;>

jp—hauz n.m. reservoir < jj- s* ■?.. ^

V* tank pond cistern

space inside margin of book > li*

.text LA] '

pjgr ftavan'naq n.m. fool ^

^ Stupid person ; silly guy dunce
(J ? have'lt n.f. mansion ; spacious house

.7 hay adj. .alive animate; living

** immortaJ hay y-o qayyoom' n.m. immor-

tal (A]

Ip, haya' n.f. modesty shyness bash-
•• fulness shame JjUr haja -dar adj.

modest shy retiring bashful shame-
faced If hay a '-dar ap’ni

haya se dar' a be-haya sam'jks m~jk' se dar’ a prov.
brazen-faced person ill construes manners and
modesty Lzd~be'-haya adj. immodest shame-
less "braze n- fa ced $ be-haya" i n.f.

immodesty shamelessness &j(fat-fil&,behaya' i
a kam' le’na v.i. brazen it out [A]

•• i^fayst n.f. life existence

haya't-e tdzah n.f. new base of lifei^^*br
haya'tt musta'ar' n.f. frailty of life ; mortal
life (A]

n.m. vitamin &<-y'n£)?hayam alif
bajim n.m. Vitamin A.B,C [A~

PREC.]

Z&'hais Auv. since where funs’

“v* adv from the point of view of
min fiais-il majmoo 1 ' ph. on the hole by and
large [A]

tTjjrhaisiy yat n.f. status ; rank prestige

standing wealth ability ; capacity

&s-f&?hamy yat-t l adfl n.f. character
prestige reputation iza'la-e

haisiy'yal-e ‘Sr'/f n.f. libel ; defamation (A -

PREC.)

. y had dar n.m. lion short-sta lured person

appellation of the fourth Orthodox
Caliph [A]

if ^hairan' adj. perplexed at one’s wit’s
end confused bewildered astonish-
ed surprized l'/^£h,vran kar'ni v.t. per-
plex ; amuse confuse astonish surprise
(Jbj^Syj^lghaira'n-o sar gar’dah' ADJ. bewil-
dered distracted bfclyZhairan ho'ni v.i. be
perplexed ; be amazed be confused be
astonished be surprised be bewildered [~ A
CORR. of hayarsn ~ foll.]

£j-,hairdt n.f wonder - astonishment

amazement perplexity ; confusion

surprise plfyZ’tai'rat-qfza’ adj. astonishing
o)j£yZ had rat-za' dah adj. aghast amazed

wonder struck had rat-za' dah raih ji'ni

v . t . be struck with amazement IjtZjgfai'rat
ho' na v.i. be amazed^r^aiVoti n.m. one struck
with amazement [A]

.jphay'yiz n.m. place bounds (of some-
J" thing) [A]

jjt -p’ hois' bail n.f. dilemma suspense

(JZ’LT"' hesitation confusion l

hois' bais mtft guzar'ni v.t. (of time) be wasted
in confusion (A)

JS^haiz n.f. menses ; mensiural course ; turns
'T ZitfJ^haiz ka lad t ah n.m. sanitary
towel sordid thing J*flJyva’lad-ul fiaiz' n.m.

wicked person miscreant bastard [A]
Jf* adtah, (or hi'tah) n.m. bounds (of)

ivedhaita-c lafjrir mth Id’na v.T. put in black
and white [A]

^• Ji jF’haif in r. ah ; alas fie ; for shame
n.m. shame *~*&sad half imt. for shame[A]

Iprfn'lali n.m. (pl. (J^iijal') trick; ruse
excuse means prevarication fraud
jbj^hi'k-bal, jldlZhi'la-saz, la-gar ADJ.

artful cunning ; shy Jljp’Jg'fa'lah gava'lah
n.m. evasion prevarication pretense

Vjte" hi'lah kar'na v.i. employ a ruse
practise deceit put up a lame excuse adopt
some means hma'U kar’na v.t.

& i. dodge ; evade ” prevaricate
kZfji'U riz'q baha’nt maud prov. livelihood has
some means and death has some cause ()?hifal‘
n.m. pl tricks excuses means [A].

280

n.m. time duration ‘‘Ify#! ,j(ts)

ki'n-t hayal' adv. during the life-time of •'

lifelong : lifetime [A]

t^haivdn (ped. kayamn') n . m . animal;
W ** beast ; brute animals object ; living
being blockhead ; dunce cruel person ;
callous person ; beastly person C^cMhaiva’n-e
mut'laq n.m. animal arrant fool [/i'cl'rZ
haiva n-e na'liq n.m. man ; human being ; rational
animal $ ^/Chtiiva'ni, (pcd. hayaoa'/ti) a n j ,
animal beastly ; brutish wvj i^haivdniy'yat n.f.

beastliness brutality shamelessness ;
indecency ; animal nature ; beastly nature jA~

HM

6 ?

«

A Me (called kJta'-e mo' 'jamah or kha'-e manqoo'
tah) tenth letter of Urdu alphabet (equiva-
lent to guttcral Scottish (ch) (in iummal
reckoning) 600

/i* khatam (occ. khatini) n.f. ting seal
f stamp with subscription in letter, etc.

e(*V * ^ lam un-nabiy'yin n.m. (appellation
of the Holy Prophet) seal of prophets : last
among prophets ; the final messenger of God
(J&fiSkhd'tam.e sulaiman' n.f. Salomon's
signet-ring controlling power

jjfll khalim adj. final finishing ; ending ;
I concluding n.m. one who brings (some-
thing) tp a close (rare) ring ; are) seal

lA Jrl.

jt* khatimah n.m. end conclusion
** finish epilogue consequence sequal
<rj ’^Irkhatimah bil-khair' n.m. bappy
ending ; happy conclusion death in circum-
stances conducive to redemption VfUkhd'Limah
ho’nd v.i. end ; come to an end ; come to
close finish cease to be die ; pass away

[A - PRED.J

khcitoon' N.F. (p- ^Ifkhavatin') lady
the first lady of (the state, etc
khatoo'n-ejannal (appellation of Hazrat Fatimali)
C)dy\(^j\^khatoo'n-e Pakistan n.f. the first lady
of Pakistan [P ~ T]

kita'dim n.m. (rufokhuddam' .(JPkha'dam)
I ' servant attendant^U khd’idimah n.f.
maid-servant lady’s attendant |A - £&)

.£hhfl T N - M - thorn ; bramble thistle
pike barb t spur (on cock’s leg)
jealousy ; grudge &f‘jlrkhar’-push't N.M./ipj'dge-
hog ; porcupin Cjl^lp'khsr-dar adj. (of wire)
barbed thorny difficult jljjtfkhar'-zar n.m.
thicket of thorns ClSjVkhsr. kha'na v.i. feci
jealous harbour grudge j^fjifkka'r-o kfuu n.m.
rubbish ; litter refuse [P]
t.iL M a ’ ra » tilst m *dy sahg-e kha'ra n.m.

^ marble granite any hard stane£»^(p
kha'ra-shigaf adj. stone-splitting very

strong and sharp 'j tP\£kha'rn-shigafi n.f.
arduous task [P]

,-,tLkha’rij adj. external outer out-

** side extraneous rejected excluded
expelled externed struck off irrelevant

C^’jl&jli'khti'rij az baih's adj. irrelevant ; out
of the question ; beside the point
kha'rij az ‘ aq't adj. absurd ; meaningless

foolish ; silly contrary to reason incredible
unbelievable c*s~*g/lrkha'rij-e qis'mat n.m. quo-
tient V/^j^ kha'rij kar'nd v.t, strike off the
rolls ; expel exclude (of petition) be dis-
missed I'jq frjlj kha'rij ho'na v.t. be struck off
the rolls be expelled be excluded (of
petition) be dismissed fj\? kharijah n.f. external
affairs ; foreign affairs adj. outside ; outer ;
external foreign , extaneous
kha'rijah hik'mal-e ‘a'mali n.f. foreign policy
umoor-e kha'rijah n.m. external affairs ,
foreign affairs mailf'kamat kha'rijah * ,

fttiyfjda/'lar e kha'rijah n.m. Foreign Depart-
ment ; Foreign Office , Ministry of External
Affairs vaH'r-e kha'rijah n.m. Minister of

External Affairs ; Foreign Minister tfjlp kha'nji
n.m. foreign ; external extraneous n.m. pl.
g/j If khata'nj) (one of) a sect dissenting
from Hazrat Ali ; Kharijite dissenter

schismatic [A]

FjLf bho'rish n.f. itch scabies mange

oS^jifikharrshl' n.f. (rare) scabies

mangy ff'jlrkha'risht, jJTj^kharish'tf adj.
mangy scab [P ~ ]

„ . »• . kha'riq-e 'a'dat N.M. (pi

khava'riq-c ‘a'dat) marvel

miracle supernatural event adj. super-
natural surpassing reason and experience

(A~J/tcarJ

. • kha'zin n.m. treasurer cashier finan-
>*^cial secretary [A~ pr/]

khai'la'i n.m. liybtid pigeon noted for
C' w swiftness of speed dove-pigeon adj. lawn

281

p aru -=-fc^^i

fawn coloured

Si/fkbd str N M one incurring loss [A ~

(fall khashak . n.m. sweepings rubbish ,
litter d&ifirjfj? khas-o khashak' n.m.
rubbish ; litter trash , insignificant things [P]
l/fihiPi adj. special particular peculiar
private personal specific select ;
selected n.m. (■pL.ffjjrkhavas') persons of rank
jfyffipkhas'-bar- d&r' n.m. arms carrier
khas'dJz' n.f. specialty ^tfkhas-
dan' n.m. betel dish with lid
khas' kar adv. especially
cularly , inpart icularftf^/VMaJ'fajo ‘am' n.m.

general public the high and the low ;

people belonging to all strata of society!^

kha'sa adj. good fair indifferent adv.

quite^^'Mit agi n.f. slave girl living as
master’s concubine good thing specialty

n.m. attendant courtier **\pkhas'sah n.m.

n-lfl/'kbwas') traits of character dis-
tinctive qualities peculiarities dinner

dainty food coarse flimsy lines Steed adj

better adv especially particularly
kfrasiy'yat n.f. fykhavas") quality

peculiarity virtue (of medicine] [A|
htZkha'tir n.f. heart . mind considera-
' lion sake , behalf , account
klm'ttr jam '* rakh'na v 1. rest assured be
calm and collected set one s mind at case
, 1 /JHf kfra' tit-khah adv. satisfactory , to one's
entire satisfaction as one desires ifjbJ'lekha’ttr-
da'ri n.f. reception welcome hospitality
entertainment regard ; consideration {fjlyfe
<;/ kha'tir-da'ri kar'na v.t. welcome; ex-
tend hearty welcome (to) show hospitality (to]
entertain l'j) m {jt )\r kha 'tir mefi na land v.t.
pay no regard to care a hang fort
kha'tir-nishah' rakh'na v.i. (dial.) rest assured
iyyal-e kha'lir n.f. peace tran-
quillity sati faction content (A]

• Ll ‘kha t. if ADJ. pouncing falling like

^^^lightning [Aj
£\fkfn'tl n.m. wrongdoer [A~ (X ]

,.*V kh*tf iin , n.m. emperor (as title of Mongol
rulers) ])l 5 \ikhsqs'ni adj. attached to Emp-
eror (P ~ Tj

kjlak N.t dust earth territory,
~ land nought , nothing ruin | ,'ljljU
khak' ura'na n.f. roam about wander aim-
lessly raise dust defame slander . calum

mate tldt/l ekhak' fif * na v 1 (of dust) be

raised khak'-afidiu nm dustbin

kh&k'-ba-sar' adj. Sl adv in a miserable state
ba-dar' khak' ba-sar ph up-
rooted jobless ; without any means of liveli-
hood hh.ak' phsnk'na v.t wander aim-

lessly roam about t >‘ khak chhdn na v 1
wander aimlessly search hard ^ \j/U khak -
dafi n.m dustbin (fig.) world

khak'-dhool n.f. dust nothing & if eft
khak' dal'na v.t conceal an ugly affair
not to wash dirty linen in public give up all
thought of i-sj/Ukhak-rob' n.m sweeper A S*
khsk-sar ' adj. lowly ; humble pron (out of
courtesy) I n.m. (member of) brown shirt politi-
cal party carrying spades ; Khaksar JjtJVkhak-
sa’ri n.f. humility {i? L j\fkha'k-e shifa' n.f
sacred tablet of Kerbela earth khak' ha

put’ Is n.m human being , dust (j/
le dal'na v.t. pay frequent visits (to the house of)
(I'lhU^k) khak' kar'na (or mdi miia'pa)
v.t. ruin ; destroy bring to nought
reduce to a ..miserable state cause death
defame tfAftikhakam bn-da’han int. (when say-
ing something obviously bad or profane) (Joe!
forbid \ID> if JIt khak' meft mil'na v.t die
perish be ruined be reduced to a reason-
able state I'lf/ftJlpkhan' ho ja'na \t be
ruined ; come to nought die . perish^? khaki
n-m. & adj. * [PJ # ^ /

*([• khakis' tar n.f. ashes calx

khakis' tar ho' tin v.t. be reduced to ashes
j khakis 't/iri adj ash coloured ; ashen n.m
ashen colour [P]

n.f bramble . blackberry seed [P]
< khak'-na’e n.f isthmus [P~

M

kha'knh n.m. outline outline map
sketch tracing rough plan draft
outline lj fi Jit khs'kah Utar'un v.t. trace
khakah 'kktfich'na v.t. make a rough plan of
prepare a draft plan lj\e kha'kah ura na
v.t. ridicule ; make fun (of) defame
slander . calumniate [F!

kha'kl adj. earthly earthy , terrestrial^
mundane buff brown , khaki Ia'JU
kka'ki an' da n.m. wind egg (fig.) bastard

tjJjifokha'ki i-ar'di n.i khyki (uniform) [P-

Jfc]

salty egg dish salty

aiumr

im- j , khigi'nah v .«
im- omelette [P]

282

&

11 *

* » khal n.m. mole (bn skin) a kind of

Ce^pigeon (rare) maternal unde JlrJirkhSl'
adj. rare here and there little
sparse Jifj^Zkhal't-o khal’ , JlhJyJkhad'd-o-khat'
n.m. pl. features [P]

£J(^W?3/n.m. (rare) maternal uncle [A]

Mji-kha'lis adj. pure unadulterated
l* ^genuine. real ^Jllkha lira h adj. (col.

khal'sa) (appellation for) Sikh (old use)
Crown land rkhalse laga'va v.T. con-,

fiscate ; declare ; forefeit ruin ■ waste
khal'se lag'ns v.t. be forefeited ; be confiscat-
ed be ruined , be wasted ; go to waste v.t.
squander [A -

£jlfirkkaliq n.m. (God as) Creator (A- (J * )

I I ‘kha'loo n u. husband of mother’s sister

III kha'lah n.f. mother’s sister , maternal aunt,

~ aunt ; aunty >/» 'fj\s kjra’lah ji ka gkar'
ph. easy affair khalah chnfid'tA ka

kiribah ph. family (or group) of foohtyfLjjjle^yJ^
kha’la-zad bha'l (or bailidn) n.m. (f.) cousin

i.‘ kha'li adj. empty vacant ; unoccupied
blank ; unfilled free ; exempt mere
useless ; aim n.m. (col.) Islamic month Zul-
qa‘dah If kha'll ka chahi' n.m Zul-qa 4 dah
wfyi ktia'li kar'na v.t. empty vacate
evacuate £lj[fkhn'li hath adj. empty-handed
poor ; penniless kjya'li khoo'li adj. &

adv. meie(]y) I'bjtfkhaltja'va v.t. fail to ,hit
target Irkhatl de'na v.t. parry [A~ j^]

ftlkham xoj. raw unripe unbaked

I crude green ; unexperienced ; immature
crude unperfect vain Jlfflrkham khays'll
n.f. vain thought misgiving ^
kkam ko karri sikha' le r ta hai prov. ex-
perience is the best teacher (f&kha'm n.f.
error ; mistake flaw; defect inexperience
immaturity [P~prec ]

♦ khamosh' adi. silent reticent

taciturn Jyi} khamo' sA? n.p. silence
taciturnity reticence. [A]

,’ika'mah n.m. pent '/^khamafarsa' n.m.
^^one who indites fhhz'ma farsa”i n.m.
inditing ; writing [P]

/ir^ian N.m. chief ; prince ; lord title
"'"used before or after Pathan names Jit) $
iilari -bird hail (ped kha n-r-khri na *) n.m.
hief peer doyen of the nobility Prime
' lit lister fP«T'|

.)•/ • hkan'dah n.m. family household
Ci* ^dynasty house lineage ^handa m

adj. of noble descent ancestral heredi-

tary pedigreed IP]

• kk.an-s a mail n.m. butler
(Jll ***? coo k v also htrin-e samaii')
the Royal Steward ; Lord Chamber-

lain [P - (Jlr+ (jUs]

,**.*<• hhfin'qah n.m. convent
monastry shrine [P]
bha'nagi adj. & n.m. (see underlie n.m if)

kha'niim (col. fcha'nam) N.F. wife title

0lO if

I

6

lady (rare) princess
home household

of wife) Mrs.

.JtlkhanUmafi' n.m.

(**' ^furniture , one’s belongings tkJQlyl*

hha numaii-barbsd ' , <-*L?'(jOlh hh&'numah-kharab'
adj. ruined unfortunate miserable

[P~>1

ijll kfmnda'dah N.M. family household
* dynasty lineage line (of saints,
etc.) IP ~ FOLL . ]

• ll hhrinah n.m. house dwelling; resi-
** dence room ; chamber compartment
shelf pigeon-hole drawer column
($itfs\bhha.'na-&badijn.\ marriage setting
up one’s housetfjlljvJtlj'Sha di hhana-abridi
w.F. propitious marriage kha 7tQ-b(l~dosh'

adj. nomadic homeless n.m. # nomad
gipsy tramp homeless person^j -ill*hhrina-
ba-do'shi n.f. travel wandering aimlessly
roving namadic life jtil/.jl* kk.n'na-bar andaz’
n.m. spendthrift ; prodigal (fjlS. 1 \Jkhrina-bar-
ba*di n.f. ruin end of family life

bha'na-pd'rl n.f. filling in the column (of

form, etc.) perfunctory work
bha'na-pu'rl ke li'ye adv._. for filling up ’the
form perfunctorily hllri na-taln’shi n.f

house search kka »a-jaii'gi n.f. civil war

kfarina-t kJiuda' N.M. the Holy Ka'aba
mosque any temple hba'na-kharab'

adj. ruined miserable *«. wreten ; miser-
able person hhana-hbnrabi n.f. ruin;

destruction misery {Jjb*l*hka'na-da'ri n.f.
house-keeping household management ;

domestic economy umoo'r-e

khrina-da'r\ sr vn'qif ho'na v.t. be well-up in
house-keeping jLljylh kkri wi-damad' n.m. man
living with in-laws hiokhn' nc-doi' t adj. stay-
at home (person) Jjy\jkhrina-fad‘ n.m. , child

283

of {one's) slave devoted person jl s}Ubba'na-
sat' adj. home-made rough
shSma'n n.f. house-count census
kfaa' na-natkln' (or-jJU) adj. retired {perron)
(one) leading a life retirement idle £
bhi'nagi adj. domestic private n.f. (usu.
khan'gl) loose women ; streetwalker ; unlicenced
prostitute bba'nah n.m. master of
the house kQ'lUb-iti'nah n.m. library

bookstall [P]

i\hhn'oar n.m. the east yjirhba'tarl adj.
^ eastern n.m. one hailing firom East Persia

[ p ] .

jJ)£kha'viitd (ped. Ma 'vahd) N.M. husband [P]

adj. frightened ; terrified
fearful timid afraid [A]

..’filhjhz ’in n.m. (one) guilty of embezzle-
ment cheat treacherous [A]

[thh^'yah n.m. testid tjtyiJIrltha’ya-bar'dar
'tr n.m. sycophant^; toady [P]

AiLhhflba'sal, ( J^bhub's) n.m. wickedness ;

• depravity (rare) impurity J^&fhJtUb's-e
mf's n m. malignity wickdness tiAbbabis '
adj. & n.m. it

^tha'bar n.f. news ; piece of news infor-
/• matron; word; intelligence advice tidings
awareness rumour ; report (,‘1 Hj^Habar
fira'na v.i. spread a rumour {/jj/fUta'bar Hr 'ns
v.i. be rumoured be bruited
bha'bar pakSMt&s' na V.r. send word (to) ;
information (to) Cjfyfkta’bar poo&h'n a v.t.
ask after kha'bar~dar adj. warned
watchful cautions on guard careful ;
vigilant acquainted ; aware alert
hJia' bar-dnr kar’na v.t to warn ; forewarn
put someone on (his) guard ; . alert caution
lfjl*sfhb*'btr-da'n n.f. vigilance care ,
custody awareness fj^^khe'bar-dehUs'dah n.m".

informer one who warns bku'bar

it’na (or kar'ns) v.t. inform ; give informa-
tion (to) acquaint {J^J/fUta'bar^rasttk' adj.

ncw| ; information n.m. a messenger ; one who
gives information *ibl(Jl/jfhia'bar~rasafi' Ha' rah
n.m. news agency c/j/j’kba'bar rakk'na v.i.
be wide awake be well informed to be
acquainted L with ; be aware (of) keep in touch
with VjffJ/fUia'bar gar'mj,ho'na v.i. be
rumoured be bruited < f/tfhka'bar fi'n n.f.

attention ; care looking after manage-
ment espionage Ll/ff/tyhAo'bar-jt'rt kat as

well

A

v.r. take care (of); look after \,$yf r hba’bar
laga ns v.t. trace out fish for information

\y*/f bha'bar tens v.i. look after manage

•vsk after ; inquire after help . support
come to the aid or rescue Hjf/f bka' bar ho' ns v.t.

be informed be aware of ; ha’'c knowledge
oiyfJ^bt-hhdbar adj. unaware ignorant ;

uninformed careless regardless senseless

i>J-hba'barl n.f. ignorance lack of

information unawareness senseless (A)
.p’bhab't km. fad craze silliness
Ai insanity (J^kiiab'li n.m. & adj. faddist
crazy insane (person) silly (person) [A]

adj. wicked evil wretched

** malignant (rare) foul : filthy ;

impure [a~ ^r\

j'hbfiblr' n.m. & adj. Omniscient
A~‘ informed ; well-posted [A - J
•^rhbtul’ka n.m. pestle (for
pounding hemp) club ;

cudgel

jp'blb.at'm adj. ended ; finish-”
j ed done terminated n.m.

recitation of the whole of the Holy, Quran
end conclusion seal bRat'm Bt-

mSrsalin' n.m. (the Holy Prophet «s) God.’s last
messenger or the seal of Prophei’s bbat'm
kar'na v. end ; finish .conclude termi-
nate ruin kill 'm ho'nn v.i.

end ; come to an end ; be finished die ; pass
away [A]

jphhu'tan n.m. naiiK of a Central Asian area
famous for musk (P - T] . .

/jpbhat'nak n.f. circumcision^ Ly^bbat'nah
kar'na v.t. circumcise l ’/l^bbat'nak ho'na
v.i. be circumcized [A]
ijrbJtutta n.m. testicle

bJtaja'la N.M. & ADJ. foolish (person)

^aja'lai n.m. (see under JTadj. it)

♦t ^ hJfijas'lah adj % auspicious fortu-

'■* * nate ‘^’'1- -jfkhiiias'ta abb' tar adj. for-

tunate ; having one’s star in the ascendant [P] ,
ifhbtdjH adj. ashamed penitant k
U* bba'jil kar'ns v.t. put (someone) to shame
bbaja'lat n.f. sname »ense of shame
repentance [A]

A ltfwb <A ar n.m. mule

284

il'tihad n.m. cheek Jlrjjrkhad'd-o khal' N.M.
^ features [A] . #

\j£ khsds' n.m. God sup. owner ; master £*%hr
UlUda -paras' t adj. godly ; pious faith-

ful if/Ubhuda'-tar's adj. God-fearing Jk~lrhr
khuda' ja'ne 'conj. God knows who knows
i khuda' (-e) to' ala n.m. the Most High
God £~/Urkhuda’ ka're,^Jrhrkhuda' cha'ht
adv. God willing int. may God Hilf^iokhada -
ha'fiz int. good-bye ; farewell khuda' -

kjiuda' kar' ke adv. with great difficulty t -}/

jZ’Jhrk f'r too ' ta thudd' khuda' kar ke prov.
success has come after ali though with great
difficulty hr khuda' khuda' kar ns. v.t.

take the name of God fear God and refrain
from telling lies, etc. jh hr khuda -dad' adj. God-
given ^5 ~£xJjl&£jr}'&hrbhlida' de'ta hai to
chhop'par pknr' kar ‘de'ta hai prov. a gift of God
will make its way through stone walls Jj hr khuda' -
ra adv. for God’s sake , for Heaven’s sake ikeitjir
kjiada-rasi’dah adj. Godly pious ; virtuous
Jfjfpsiyjitrkhuda (sala mat) rak'khe int. May
protect you (etc.) , may vou (etc.) live long
khuda sam'jhe int. May God punish
him (etc.) curse on him (etc.)
khuda se lau' Inga rid be devoted to God. be
in the throes of death

thud a sha kar-tt 0 ' rt ko sha'kar hi de'ta hai
prov. he that eats good meal shall have a good
merA^fl'JhjikhUdd'-shinds' ADJ. & N.M. Godly;
pious (person) God-knowing person (f&hr
khuda shins' si n’.f. Godliness ; piety know-
ledge of GoAd-f^.ly&khuda' gha'rat .a're conj.
to hell with ]/ * YljJkhitda' kq di'ya n.m. God’s
rlrj/ ^Jr thud a' kar-khartah n.m. the

world ; world affairs ^At^lurkhiids' ka gkar' n.m.

the Holy Ka’aba mosque any temple
(vfljfkk&da ka ftan! n.m. God’s name
nothing J hr khuda ka nam' lo int. fear

God and refrain from cruelty or telling lies etc.
(jl /hr khuda' ko mdi! int. for God’s sake re-
frain from doing it or thinking like that ‘life
khuda kt pan a It int. God forbid
(fy^Ukhuda kt cho’ri nahifi to bafide ki kya epori
prov. why fear people when you need not fear
God (j/fj/' Jr khuda ki den' n.f. God jl/'/hr
khuda ki.sahiar' N.r. may God teach you sense
hh hd a ki la'pii be-svaz' hai, /\J
ki ls'ihl men avd nahifi'
pf.Ov. the long arm of the Almighty makes no
sound when it strikes jl/jkli'iida' ki mar' n.f.

& INT. God’s curse (on t/)i£lifih ilia
ke pas ' ( or ghar') jd'nd v.i. die
khuda' ke gkar st pkit'na y.T survive after great
difficulty s {/t/i/L J khuda ' gafi'je ko
na'khun no dt prov. a great fortune in the hands
of a fool is a great misfortune c/’l/ljLPS’ khuda
lag'll kaili'm v.i. say .what is right and just
speak the truth khuda' na-khis'tah int.
God forbid hr khuda oas'tt ka bairh^jJ
kkudi vas'te kidiish'mard pii. purposeless
enmity tfffljhkuda’egali n.m. overlord
khSda -e maja'zH n.m. husband l hr khvdd'ya
int. O God dear ; dear dear fill# khuda'
yad' and v.i. be impressed by a marvel be
in a pitiable state tyjrkhuda't n.f. ie ■ [P]

khuddam' n.m. pl. servants (A~ sing. ^(,7 ]

Jyljf khuda'yafid n.m. lord master
hr khudavaft'd-e ne'lmat int. &
n.m. (as title or form of address) beneficent
master ; lord of bounty hr khudavaft’di n.f.

providence sovereignty [P~ Up]
r*\»khuda''i’x.T. people masses world
0 Godhead; divinity providence adj. ,
divine p/tpfida"i-khar n.m. & adj.

wretched (person) shameless person vaga-
bond tramp I hr khuda' ’l ka adj. arrant egre-
gious l/^hrkhuda”i kar'na v.t. rule with
absolute power claim to be divine [P~ hr]

A • kkod'shah N.M. (PL-tSel^ir khadashat')

fear . apprehension doubt ; misgiving

danger alarm anxiety ; worry [A]

• kha'dmn n.m. pl. servants^*— ’fjhrkhu'dam-o
hai sham n.m. pl. equipage [A ~ sing. fj(r]
•ye^kJtid'mat n.f. service use , function

duty- job office presence
attendance l'jcP4rkhid'mat kar'na v -. t. serve
attend (on) j&Jkhid'mat gar' n.m servant
attendant ; table servant ; a butler tfjifrjr
khid'mat-ga'ri n.f. service attendance

ity&fjr khid'mat-niizar' n.m. & adj. servant

devoted khid' inal-guZa ri n.f. service

ij*£*lr((/)(ki) khid'mat men adv. in the service
before; in front of (fjbk.id'm.'iti n.m.
servant attendant [A]

£ • tkadaftg n.m. arrow white poplar

(whose wood goes into the making of

arrows) [Pj

j’klmdiv' (rare. (fjJ kkitdai'vi) n.m. (as title of
£r Egvptian rulers' under Ottoman Caliphatj)
Prince (PJ

\\ c, i* i •• khm' wa ra/a void m&

JJi * Ij)* kadir prov be an

eclectic accept the good points and reject the
bad ones [A]

fill/ti nTm. donkey ; ass (fig-) ass ; fool
' PREf large rflrfjkiha'r-e dajjiii n.m. the
ass of Antichrist profaw jr fihar-dima$h'

adj. pig-headed stupid if'ltS’khar-dima'fhl

N r. pig hcadedne.' stupidity ^ f—^jrkhar -

mas'ti n.f. horse, lay’ll ZJiar va r' n.m. ass load
U namoo'na-ea* hhar-vdftr
ph. sample a little would let you judge the
whole [P]

L j\ykh<i r &b' adj. bad wretched miser

• y able poor depraved corrupt

obscene spoiled defiled ruined
dilapidated deserted *~>lf£?'khas'ta ^hartb'
adj. spoiled wretched ; miserable ruin-
ed tired ; fatigued hjtorSh' kai'nit v.r

spoil mar corrupt ; vitiate seduce ;
lead astray ravish ruin populate
desolate ; lay waste Ji/'kjtardbi n.i defeel
flaw evil ; i|( ; badness ; depravity mis-
chief misery. ruin destruction desolation

|A]

M * i • i&arabat’ n.f. pub , tavern . bar : ale-
* house brothel ; depravity street
bkaroba’ti n.m. drunkard , toper debauchee;
rake [A - sinc. foi.l. )

I p'kharabah n.m. ruins ; place lying in ruins

iV itarra'tu km snoring Ud thru rate
leva v i. snore |ono.]

* I s e kk nr aj' n.m. trihute 4 rare) revenue

homage v/b I tahstn

(or ‘ utji'dat ) ada kafna v.T. pay
honiagc (to) [A] l|] \

kkarud (ped. tharrad') n.m lathe ,y,

(^*4 hand' (ji ark’ na v . i . )

be turned ; be cut oil the lathe
(of words, etc.) become polished ^ I
or refined become cultured learn maimers
Cjljr khand'iid 110^4^/' khar ad' Jrar charin' n , a
v. i . nwntfyj'kharu'di N.M. Iimiri IA1
, , . £ kdturu'dt mura'dl N.‘t & \t»J

ijr/ijys selfish (person I

n.m. ox-driven lloiu-

(P- /-t-Ul]

n.m. f ast Persia
Is** S tume of a Persian musical
mode [P]

.f&kbartsh' n.f. scratchl'V'^4A*r4j^a'n<J v.i
have a scratch ; be scratch l'ThSkQ‘ , f'
kkqrish' tak na a'»a v.t. escape unhurt [P~
Vi? 1 /),

f'hhUrrifat' n.f. silly talk nonsense
obscenity myth mythology
O’C'iilrbharajat' bak'na V.t. talk nonsense
use abusive language ; utter filthy language [A]
^f^kbiram' (col. bharam') n.f. pace gait
| f walking ; walk (^J^^rVkhSih kfriram ' a to
(•ne) walking elegantly , with a graceful
(Jltlf'lJlftT'khira'rnati khiraiiidh adv. .with
graceful gait walking slowly [P~

tA'kk uraiit' adj. crafty wily; sly

k** * experienced

• j v kharboo ' .;«// tj'fkh.ar'bazah, ol/J'khot' p ‘{ah
dJdff n.m. melon ; muskmelon
^-iJ%t*£jk]iarboo' ze ko dekh kar khurboo'zah rar*
pakar'ta hai Pit. sickness is catching
company makes the man

p£kk«>'j N.M- (rare) expenditure gj'ftfi
daih'l-o kharj n.m. income and expendi-
ture [A]

jfZ khUrjin' ttffjf’kkoorjin' , (cor.) gf kkit'ji
Kr n.f. pack saddle &j'bhar'ch n.m. ex-
penditure ; expense spending disbursement

allowance iyi@S'h£ar'ch Utha'iiS v.t incur
expenditure bear expenses of l&lfy/&Jiar'ch uth'-
na v i. be S|)cnt Cbl/tfyfkkai ch akkrajai n .m
expenditure ; expenses lavish expenditure
ar'cji jzha'na-da'ri n.m. household
expenses Oifyfkbar'ch de'na v t. advance
(someone) money lor expenses give (some-
one) an allowan ct ^ Q^khur' ch ho'na v.t. be
spent VJcJfkk.**' ch kar'na v.r. & i. spend
use ; put u> use £ffJJ&mntafar'ra(j faker' c Ji n.m.
contingencies , contingent expenditure \&A'
khur chnd v.t. spend use £/J'fybbilai

kkar'di n.m. overhead expenditure addt-
titinal cxixmses Z/f*?iZUb'-hh<tr'ch. (ped jaih'-)
n.m. pocket money jjjb) rots' nah (or

numar'rah) bhar'ch n.m. daily cx|>cn$es

current expenditure ktpr' {fral} N.M., costs

of law-suits costs; expenses iDjdpf hh<»' chah
dila'nn v.t. (of law court) award costs
ma^’jJiar'chah, xamti’ aiw. with

costs hhar'(hi n.f. prostitute’s remuneration
wages of sin VfS'&h<inh t t'ld ad |. prodigal (A~
PJttC. CORK, J _

r-ch<‘hti n.m crab [P f tjfr

286

//khur'kk*r n.f. purr (of cat ono.)

!S7

Uar' - khashah n.m. silly dispute ;

causeless wrangle fear ; danger

]>remonition ; doubt ; misgiving (PJ
Z&hi'rad n.m. wisdom intellect intelli-
** gence shrewdness ; sagacity jStSkhi'rad
maitd' adj. wise intelligent shrewd ;
sagacious ((j^iS'khi'rad-niaii'di n.f. wisdom
intelligence sagaajty [PJ
jjrkbur'd (commonly misspejt jjSkhur’d) adj.
small little minute young pref.
micro young v£jS&hUr'd-bin' n.f. micro-
scope (£’)S'khur , d-bi'm adj. microscopic JI/jS
khur'd-sal' adj. young ; of tcnde* age
kllur'd-s&'li n.f. tender age [P]
i y hiardad' n.m. third month of Persian
calendar corresponding to June
r'dal n.m. mustard-seed [PJ

Z kiUr'doli n.m. small change pt OJar's
small wares fragment pom, flaw
weakness; weak point (jty t ,j'kkui'da-Jirosh'
n.m. pedler ; hawker: huckster kliitr’da-

gi'rl n.f. carping ; cavilling \ ! / ( /f 9 >Shhur'da-
gi'rl kar'na y.T. carp at [P] ~

hhortvom N.M. (elephant’s) trunk [A]

•jZhbfcrsahd' (usu. misspelt^/ adj, glad ;
liappy ; delighted [P]
j/'bkvr'fah n.m. parslain [P]

' adat ( pl -

* V* bfcma'riq-e * n'dat ) miracle

supernatural event [A -Qf+&M
•* Zkhifqah n.m. patched garment ihis as
"saintly dress ; sartorial symbol of saintliness
(in saintly hierarchy) vicegerency
succession n.m.

mendicant * saint -£s*^
kbir'qa-o-sajjt'dal n.m. patched
garment and prayer mat symbols
of saintliness [A)

^tfjrkhar gah'n.M. large tent

fll-s+A

iffjrhhM'gotL *.“• rabbit

/+<//)

r'ram adi. glad ; happy ; merry ; cheer
\ fiil adj. happy

and chc'crfu! (fskhur'raml n.f. happiness ;
rhirth cheerfulness [Pj
I vii* r'ma n.m. (fruit called) date date-
^ like sweetmeat [PJ

or

Xty

phvilion
hare [P~

cowries ; cowry [P-

cos-

9 yfkhar-moh'rah n.m

S"+ 9/f ]

) khurooj ' n.m. flux ejection
ming revolt ; rebellion [A]
jj'jjrkharosh' n.m. noise calmour ; tumult

j^fbharid' n.f. purchase price ; cast
** kharfd-o-farolh't. n.f. trade;

commerce buyu. and selling busrnesr

transaction 'bharid' kt bha''o (or md)
adv. at cost price >> jPqi’mat-e kharid’

cost"pricc jlj,jrkiaridsr’' n.m.**
buyer ; purchaser customer (fjJtSgharida ’ri
n.f. buying purchase business turn-
over custom ; demand faf'bharld'nii v.t. buy
purchase ilCkS" kharid'-kar'dah adj. purchased
n.m. purchase [PaltS]

^Ikhari'tah n.m!* purse ; wallet . (rare)
map ; chart ^Skhari'n n.f. case for
needles, etc. ; housewife [A]
jfj y’hharif n.m. . autumn ; fall autumnal
~ crops tZdjy^fas't-t khorif' n.f. autumn
crops adj. autumal [A]

..•yhh a zafi, (col. khkifi] alitumn ; fall
(fig.) decay lijjl^'bhazali'-dV'dahytgjjly'
kJiatuh'-rasi'dah adj. decaying (i
na ( i xhnA' adj. still young ever-blooming
V'u l ?<p(t ,ar ) khazafi a’na v.i. lose beauty
of beauty (wither) [PJ
‘Jp biazandil n.m. (see under 2&it)
y* 'A?} , .

, l.ZbllUanah, (col. tbaza'nah.) n.m. (pl.

kiaza’iti) treasure treasury maga-
zine jank ; reservoir battery accumulator
bar'qi khnartah electric cell
V ‘accumulator t^ia>l^kii<a’na-t • a'mirah
n.m. state exchequer government treasury
JJ'S khazan'thl (col. bhizzn' &l) n.m. cashier
treasurer financial secretary [A]
oytba'zf N.F. potsherd pottery ; earthen-
.ware cheap stuff" [ A}
fZ/'kharS' nah n.m. treasury, treasure-house
** store ; godown [A doublet ofjlj?)

jSi&as n.f. sweet-scented grass' hay
V rubbish (fyf'Uias-pogi adj. .thatched
covered witn scented grass ffXfjThku’ Al
pjf'jl n.m. screen of sweet Kerned gras* ; hay-
screen dl/Vta/** [c/w'r-o-J^ai5aA' mm. rubbish
sweepings [P]

Oji^khasa'rah n.m. loss damage

d'AsAtirfljM ast'n Ofha’ia (or bardi£t
kar’na ) v.i. 'sustain or incur • Ion [PJ

287

_^£rkllif'sal n.f. m»anwa niggardliness

stinginess; parsimony Itf&S’bbit'iat
kar’nn v.i. be stingy , be niggardly [A]

~ 2,hhas‘lah adj. crisp bruised wound-

ed tired . fatigued distressed
afflicted inJi&l adj. afflicted dis-
tressed n.u. miserable creature wretch

tr^bk as'lagf n.f. crispiness wound sore

sickness fatigue ; exhaustion [P]

^P'hbWsar (ped. khUsUr) n.m. father-in-law [P]

ijy^bb&snn' n.m loss [A doublet of

iJ'kkus'rau n.m. Chosroes king
' bhutrUoa'nah adj. & adv. imperial
royal , regal kingly ; princely (f^'thas'rati
adj. imperial royal ; regal kingly ;
princely [pj

0 *jrbkas'rah n.f. list of village fields in a
/ village (correctly f^khas'rah) measles[P]
^3 y^fdmotf n.m. lunar eclipse [A]

• i

r ^P'khasis adj. mean niggardly

** ** stingy . parsimonious [A - £*r\
-ZZrhhijh't n.f. brick u\e (•*

ao'val n.f foundation-stone
adj. brick tiled [P] ,

bS?*?' kkathkkash’ n.m (aim
^ * Ithashbhath' ka da’nah) poppy seed

this » as unit of weight
bkasbbhash' kt da' He ke bptelbar adv . very little
^tjr^khoekiha'M Ukuti adj. close

cropped (beard) {Pj 4 ..

ktofh’ Uiathl adj. {see under (fir n.m. it)

adj. dry dehydrated .

withered cold . not coi 'ial
bkisb'k-sa'ti n.f. drought ItjZmd^&hu&k kat'n a
v.T. dry dehydratej^sj^ijart'* ho'na v.i.

be dried be dehydrated be parched * 0 ^

kiUsh'koh n.m. boiled . riee
bhush'kah kh/j 'o.(fH!idr' kt ra/A) ph. cherish no
vain hopes ikutk'kl n.f. land flour for
besmearing rolled dough dryness cynicism
peevishness [PJ

JZT khn^'m nji. anper. rage fury
I bbash' m-&lood' , jffJ*)(hask' m-Zgll)' ,

bhash'm-giti, db* bhashm-rmk adj. angry en-
raged , wratliful irate [P]

ijAoe*' nji. humility fear (A)

^^hkii^aeH n.f harshness severity
f fierceness callousness cruelty

hardness roughness [ A}

„ Z&bliadi'yat N.F. fear dread

bhash'yatriiU'hl n.f. fear of God [A]

N.M. pl. (see under fcS^H.F. *)

, e^t^jrkkasa'’is n.m. pl. peculiarities [A - sing

m j^lihas'lat n.f. good quality ; quality,
trait of character n.m, pl.
qualities ; traits of character good qualities
JWfrfltk'tish-lihisal’ adj. (one) having delect-
able qualities [A]

'(fdP'bkas'm n.m. enemy antagonist [A]

r ' 'hhas'm n.m. husband tfjtrf&has'm-pi'li
n.f. (dial.) widow jy**khas' mofi ja'li

n.f. (dial.) one who has not had a good treat-
ment at the hands of her husband ; disillusioned
.wife ^

*^£ rkl&soos’ n.m being particular

bil-li&uso&s' adv particularly ; especially
kbusoo'san adv. particularly , especially

'^ybkvsaeuy'yal (eol hilsoo'njnt) n.f
peculiarity distinctive feature

distinction n.f. pi ^ pecu-
liarities distinritive features J^Tkhvseo ft
adj. special peculiar particular

secret personal private

Hisoo’st n.f. special issue (of periodical fA]
^sufT’kiusoo'mat n.f enmity strife

contention bad blood (between)

l A ~r^l

jdts &kas' si (ped. bta'si) n.m eunuch gold-
Is ing adj. castrated, (animal) non-
protruding # gStrgoyle bkas'si jar'sa v.T

castrate /< >^ii»s'yah n.m. testicle
lain’ N M. pl. testics ; tes ticks [A]

i*± biizib' n.m. hair dye hair tincture
h'^ab’ kar’m V.T. dye (the hair)
apply hair-dye (to)

jfrhha'vr os kioz’r (col. kkW' (or Hi' tar)
s' n.m. Khizr , name of a prophet immor-
talize<{ by the fountain of life guide leadei
*lj/*'kkaz'r-t rah' n.m. the guide {AJ
iC?khozri‘ adj. green ptygumbad* Mm™
/ n.m the Holy Propliet’i mausoleum ; the
Green Dome [A -

kUZoo' n.m. humility shoo' ‘-a

khueoo'' n.m. fear of God and humility [A]

jjjrtJtal n.m. (pl. iykPkJutlool') letter ; epistle

note writing handwriting script

line streak beard sign of its growth

JjljlJp khaf t-e aZa'dl n.m. manumission charter
^ •

I'lbrkhal'' s' ns v.t. (of lad) begin to grow

beard Ijr-ffrkhafte istiva’ n.m Equator
khaf bans' ns v,r. shave trim the beard
t ‘Ijifarkhat hanra'ns v.t. get a shave get
the beard trimmed (fjrJ&kha't-ejad'y n.m. tropic
of capricorn tfb? khaf t-e ja'll n.m bold hand-

writing ; bold hand bold scripiyUp/hrkhat't-e
winn' n.m.£ tropic of cancer ij^fekhat t-e
fhikas't, Z^'hP’khil't-e shikas'iah n.m. running
hand jjf'j^’ihat t-e ‘amood’ n.m. perpendicular
(line) (y^^fkkiat'-kash n.m. ruler t^fh^khat
khcfidf'ns v. to draw a line (JjtJ^ynkhaf t-e-
mutata'O n.m. parallel line S j£*hc*khaf l-e
mUsladir' n.m. circular }h\c / ^ J ^"}J-khafl e
musta/flm' n.m. stnght line j/^ff-khaf t-e mun'hani
n.m. cuived line j£*&khafl-e nasta'llq' n.m.
plain round Persian writing ; ‘Nastaliq’ £TV
Mat t-e nas M n.m. usual form of Arabic script ;
‘Naskh ' Jfoijrkhat' t-o khaf , JfrJjjkhad'd-o ktial'
MM. features hSkhat’t-o-kitd'bat (col.

£{[> It^khal kits' bat) n.f. correspondence [A]
U^rkhatd n.f. error ; mistake fault
miss ; failure slip ; oversight jtflbfkjuita-
ks>' , J 0i^khata -vnr' adj. guilty n.m. mis-
creant culprit f!‘J'\k?khats' kar'ns v.t. err ;
commit error ; make a mistake miss hit
wide of the mark \;J[&tf\/j\aussri /Mats' kar'ns
v.t. confuse confound fj//{prkhats’ ho'na
v.i. be missed ; be wide- of the mark tl&tyU'j/
aussn' kyats' ho' ns v.t. be confused be
confounded [A]

Mats' n . m . Cathay

ii^khitsb' n.m. title speech; addicts
• ^ lecture fyu/ltPkhitsb' de’na v.t. award
title yLi&rkhitsb' kar'ns v.t. deliver a lecture
address accost*?^ kbits' bat n.f. oratory;
oration declamation rhetoric eloquence

ityrhh at,at ' N - M - ^alligraphist^/U^aMa'/f n.f.
* calligraphy (A -

’\ijyhhatal ' i adj. pertaining to Cathay n.f.
L/'~ (also /JUeLjl'rtan-e khsta'i) small crisp
■’i-efT]

288

0&

•

khit'bah n.m, sermon oration dis-
* course prologue , introduction ; foreword
k&d-d^'khut' bah park' a a v 1. give a sermon

asm ka khaf bah park' ns v i. reiterate
(ruler’s) name in sermon ty^khiitbah dens
v.i. give a sermon address (a gathering)
(A~* r '(fer]

Lp'kha'lar n.m. risk ; hazard danger, peril
/ jeopardy thought J'l’j^'kha’tar-nsk.
JTW kha'tar adj risky ; hazardous
rightful dangerous ; perilous [Aj

Uykhafrah n.m. (p L.Ct^khatardl)) dangei
$r peril risk ; hazard fJ J ftp 7 khaf rah mot
le'ns v.i, run arisk jeopardize one’s life
venture khaf re meh dal'ns v.t.

endanger ; perilize risk jeopardize (A ~

PREC.]

.^y'khatoof n.m. (pl. of ■£)

Jf'kh.afmi n.f. marsh-mallow re’shs-e

C? khaf mi n.m. marsh-mallow fibre (.used as
medicine)

Jp’kkiftah n.m. {?L. yokin' tat) region [A]

uy'khatib' n.m. orator ; public speaker
preacher [A-^'J

tAkhaiir' adj. much ; large Jfjizar-e khatlr'
JST n.m. large sum [A]

< r lMifa' n.f. concealment secrecy

bhxfs”\ n.m. & adj. obscure (person) (A]
Y \^ykha'fs adj. displeased offended

angry ; enraged fjl&kha'fs kar'ns v.t.
offend ; incense infuriate L‘/ t ^kha'fs ho'na
v.i . be offended ; be incensed be infuriated
tfkh a fcgi (col. kjtaf'gl) n.f. displeasure
anger ; indignation
frtirhhaffs* N.M. bat [AJ

la'fagl n.f. (see under &1t)

gjP 'khif'fat n.f. slight ; affront disgrace
indignity ; humilitation lightness
khif'fat-smei' adj. slighting disgraceful
t ^ h W 'fot Sfhs'ns v.i. be slighted be
disgraced tfyj^f/j{k°) khif'fat ho'na v.i. be
slighted be disgraced C*>^hafif' if [A]

n.m. underwear for coat of mail |P)

“jP khtif' tali' adj. sleeping n.m

, (rare) sleep night (prayers) [P]
ty^kfwfaQan' n.m. palpitation melancholy
hysteria [A]

tr

m

.vP'khitf'gi (ped. kha'fagl) n.f. (*et under Ur

, . kh a 'f a abj. *)

/i^hh a ‘/i adj. hidden ; concealed inn

perceptible small (type, handwriting,

cic.) not loud ; whispering j^/jvk'rt kha'fl
s.m. low invocation of God’* name [A~
illifa' n.m.]

,\pkhaflj‘ adj. light slight ordinary

insignificant peity ; trivial minor ;

little ; small mean disgraced
ho'na v.i. be slighted be put to shame
be disgraced **ifLfrza' rbl-t &&afif n.m. simple
hurt ; minor injury [A]

fah N.r. minor case ; small cause
minor capacity adj. small minor ;
little insignificant light JjJ&bf'ada'lal’e
khufifah n.f. small cause court [A~prec.1
^khufj/oh adj. secret hidden ; conceal-
er ed disguised f/£fc&khvf{j>ah pulJs' n.f.
Criminal Investigation* Department ; Q.iA
Criminal Investigation Agency ; C.I.A.
Federal Bureau of Investigation # F.B.l.
Intelligence Department /(yak kar-

rav a"I N.F. secrecy secret action private

enquiry [A ~jj?khifa' n.m.]

. il khal'z n.m. space Vacuum hollow-
™ ness lacuna jVjlr kha’la mala' n.m.
intimacy ; dose relations frequent intercourse
adj. partly filled Jllrkhala' , l adj. space; per-
taining to space jLp-fyjkhala'l jaha'i n.m. space-
ship ; spacecraft^ dour n.m. space
age f 0 ’($*kha!a‘ , t sa'far n.m. space travel [A]
'^ifrkhatiab' n.m. mud ; mire [P]

IfitalUtf n.m. & adj. (one) who wheedles[A]

AtZkhalu' n.m. (lit.) liberation (lit.)
••^redemption; deliverance adj. (col.)
empty (vul.) discharged ; having ejaculated
khalos' ho'na v.i. (vul.) ejaculated [A]
.^gia/a'«A N.M. note ; notes (on)
'•^•summary ; precM ; gist abstract ;
abridgement inference -; moral conclusion
moral (of fable) extract. essence
quintessence t^M^khu/a'raA kar'na v.t. sum-
marize make a precis of C&^D+bhUl&'sah
likk'na v.T. write notes on [A]

* • khala'si n.f. freedom release ex-
emption redemption n.m. coolie ;
eoolv minor trolly-driver tent-pitcher
minor member of ship’s crew ; .sailor
bfrala'sl pa'na V.T. be set free ; be liberated ;

ifli/qj -bayanl n.f. misrepresentation ; misrepn
sen tali* Atiflkskhilafe huk’m adv. contrary i
orders jfJfojiirkhilafrdastoor'

be released be exempted khala’si ho'na

v.i. be released be allowed to go away
| - A PREC.]

• • fsJptnf' n.m, (rare) enmity ; opposition adj. .

* opposed contrary &prkhila'ft,
ka (bar) khilaf' prep. & adv. against
contrary to opposite versus ; vs. <}}'.&»+
bhiluf'-bajtfnl n.f. misrepresentation ; misrepre-

to

tabitah, ^{f'jfprkhila'f-e qajfdah adj. irregular ;
contrary to the rules CjtfjfbrkhUaJ' sa' maji.ua
v.t. regard as one’s opponent think other-
wise fjftffQrkhUaf-t j har" adj. contrary to
religion ; against the tenets of faith lacking
religious sanction illegal ; unlawful adv
unlawfully against the tenets of faith
khilaf -c- tab' 1 adj. disgusting against (some-
one’*) will revolting (J^fDnkhUa'f-e aq'l adj.

absurd contrary to eason J'lfcjlfrkhila'f-*
qijas' adj. improbable inconceivable .
incredible anomalous not analogous

absurd 'yPrsCkt khilaf kaih'na v.t. say
(something) against (someone) oppose
khila'fe mar'll adj. involuntary adv. inyo-
luntarily against the wishes (of

khilaf -var'zi n.f. violation (oflaw etc.)

VJtfjjjki khilaf’ -oar ti kar'na v.t. >*iolatc
(law, etc.) oppose

uk'm ) ki khilaf i-’ar'a kar'na v.t

ahkam (or huk'm) ki khilaf

af'-efil't

exualityl^^ji^Ae khilaf ho'na v.t. oppose
be opposed to (A] ...

• fftila'fat n.f. Caliphatei/i <£t0*khita fat-c
rashidah n.m. Orthodox Caliphate
khalifah n.m, -dr [A]

»• .•khaUag' n.m. (God as) the Creator ftojlkr
O^kholla'q e 'a lam N.M. the Creator
khalls'ql n.f. divinity being the Creator

[A~tW . ✓ .

. , khilal (col. khatal) N.M. tooth-pick
(jb* khilal' kar’na v.t. pick one’s teeth [A]

*khnla”iq n.f. pl.^ people crcatim ,
//^creatures ^fppfsftnaqboo'l-e kjula"iq adj.
universally disliked [A]

^kfwljin (ped. kha'laj in’) n.m. anxiety .

worry grave misgivings [A]

* •jjkhniyial' AM. anklet hemr-.ed with tiny
jingling bells [A]

290

ik'i

khal'kkala adj. loose flauv
9 ** •

fZkhiil'd n.m. paradise ji^U^khul'd-a'shiydfi
“T adj. the late with his abode in heayen
Jf'jj? khil' d‘t barin' n.m, the heaven above [A)
tyfkha'lish n.f. prick (of the conscience)
i/ worry ; anxiety pain
iilkhil'l n.f. (PL.ypr iqkhlat') humour ; one of
the four humours, viz., blood, phlegm,
choler, melancholy [A]

Z khal't w.r. mixture; medley con-
fusion JJ’yJ' khal't mal’t adj. intermixed
jumbled in a slate of confusion
khal't mal'l kar'na v.t. confuse jumble
khal'tah n.m. long old-fashioned shirt

•

Jrkhal" n.m. divorce obtained on wife’s
t initiative [A]

itekhai' n.m. taking off separation
removal [A]

„ iff khil' 'at n.m. dress ; robe of honour

this as princely award or investiture
l lsjlj(V*fiZd*khii‘at paihna'na (or de'na
or 'ala' kar’na) invest (someone) with a robe
of honour [A]

kha'laf n.m heir successor, son
descendants adj, dutiful ^fliZfi^kha ' laf-Sr-
r asiid'OjM^tZa^ kha'laf ~Hssid' a n.m worthy son
^oi dL'm kha’laf adj. undutiful
I’iZ kjhulefd' n.m. pi. Caliphs .successors
spiritual successors

risk id in' n.m, pl. the Orthodox Caliphate
the four Orthodox Caliphs (A~sing v J*1p]
"‘Xpkhiil'q n.m manners nature** pojite-,
w ness , civility , amiability ; affability C^l/^
khush-khul'q adj. afTable , amiable
khUsh-khUl' ift n.f politeness ; courtesy
good manners affability ; amiability
kaj-khitl'q, £fybad-khul'q adj. ill-mannered
uncivil ,. impolite , discourteous ff^^kaj-
kkBl'qi, J^bad-khUl' <fi n.f ill manners

incivility [AJ

TJPfchd'q tt.r. {n..Zp*khal»”iq) people
** mankind n.m. creation [A]
d-iXklul'qat N.F. (PL Ififirk^ah 'iq) people
crowd [A - pit ec. J

N.F. creation birth

nature b-tl-khi!' qa! adj. &

n.m. freak ; monster prodigy strange

(penan ^ fchil ql adj. inherent natural

i*j

dpkha'ld n.m. disorder disturbance
W derangement unsoundness defect ,

flaw interference interruption hindrance
emmtyttfkjify'kha'lal a'na (or par 1 it a) v.t.
be disturbed be disordered be upset be
deranged jjflff* kha' lal-ahd az n.m. & adj. t
interfering meddlesome intcmiptory/i»jr^
i’/! kjia'lal-alidat ho'na . v.t. interfere ;
interrupt disturb sj'JP'kha' lal-pa&r' „adj.
upset troubled 'disordered fyJhtha'M:
dimagh' n.m,. derangement madness ,
lunacy QbJ^kha'lal dal'nn v.t. upset dis-
turbs interfere [A]

^ khiiluv ' n.m. emptiness ; vacuity free-
dom from worry zth'n n.m.

concentration [A]

jH/t Zkhd'val n.f privacy closet private

conference sexual i ntercourse MrSf*

khal'vat-kha'rwh n . m ftfzjffduil'oal-gah! ,n.m.
closet ..place of retirement ds&J*kh a l ' va f *
gu&h, Idtal'vat-nashift’ adj. & n.m.

recluse hermit (one) sitting in solitude
(onel leading a life of retirement
se khal’vat kar'na v.t. have sexual intercourse
with (woman) (A ~ 0*]
ilkhuiood' n.m. eternity immortality

JS7 remaining for ever (A]

atZkhuloas' n.m. . sincerity candour
IJJ warmth of affection purity C^^/Jfe*
khuloo's-t niy'yat n.m. sincerity of intention
adj. * [AJ

. , 1 ‘kkal'ya sas n.p mother-in-law's sister

(/U^J-A JV-H/U]

d? khaltj' n.f gulf J^bay, chasm

O'- yawning gulf (of) l‘jJlr£ ( £J’£ke ntd'han
khalij' ha 'it ho'na v.t. have great differences
have a yawning gulf between (A)

\ lpkha.lt ra adj. related through one’s
yj maternal aunt khalt t a bka"1
(or bai'han) n.m (f.) son of one’s maternal aunt;
cousin (or daughter) [~AJleJ
Ujfi'khali'n, (f^khatl'ti n.f. needle case
housewife { ~ A Jj^corr. J
khali'fah n.m. (PL.JilPk/iS'/a/a) Caliph
spiritual successor (euphemism for)

barber [A

~jfkh«hq' adj courteous ; polite - civil
suave amiable ; affable [A~ ^/r khOl'q]
U^khalll' n.m. friend InlmjSHjjfkhali'lr
uUth') n.m (Abraham’s appellation a j)
God’s friend (A)

: /khon n.f. nature .disposition habit
* manners j/khoo' boo n.i. habit
Characteristics behaviour t / r fkhoo' par' ns v.i.
get into or form a habit become an addict
khoo' efakor 'ns v.i. break or give up a

habit yiyfkhoo dal'iia v.t. Sl i. # get into or
fwm a habit ^habituate pazir',

Jy khoo'-gar, khoo'-gi rif'tuh adj. accus-
tomed habituated addicted amenable ;

tractable ; decile [P]

x,m. sleep dream vision
(D }J^^khdb-aloo‘d(ah) adj. drowsy ;
sleepy jj\^ljrkha'b-a'var adj. soporific
hjpnotic (jyXJK^lykfisIra'vor go'liyaft N.F. pl.
sleeping pills d&%t~'l/kha'b-e piri’shaft,
klui'h-e tish J i ah n.f dreadful dream
kha'h-e khargoxh\ n.f. deep sleep careless-
ness lfkhs'b-e khargosh' men pare

raih'na v.t.’ obvious of one’s interests come
to grief owing to vanity or overweening pride
Vof?)i~ / lykhdb' dekh’na v.i. dream a dream ;
Iwve a dream have a vision khab’

dckh'nd v.t. entertain vain hopes of (ri
khab" ki bat' eft (tar'/ia) n.m. pl. (v.i.) baseless
things (building) castles in the air fl%ljrkhab'-
gsh n f. bedroom donnitoryc/j/Lw/'Ma’A-e
girdft n.m, sound sleep ; deep sleep
giraft khabi n.f. (being in) deep sleep tJl/yy
giraft- khab' adj. absorbed in deep sleep
khah-o khuyal' n.m. delusion vision*
fantasy ; phantasy Zylfkhabi’dah adj. sleep-
ing ; asleep dormant inactive oblivious
of one’s interests [A]

Matin' n.f. (pl. of^>(pN.F. if)

I • khd'jah n.m. (pl. J^l/khajagdn )

* (title of respect) master ; lord rich
person tycoon ; business magnate
kha'ja-ta*h n.m. slaves of the same master in
relation to one another ; slave colleagues
disciples of the same teacher, etc. in mutual
relationship khd'jah kha'gir (see under

jjFxM.it) i/jri/kht jo sam' n.m. eunuch
emasculate person put in charge of a seraglio
Jtl/' khd'jagi n.f. being rich being a
master overlordship [PJ

ipkhar adj. poor friendless miser-
' able , wretched ignoble disgraced
thrown on the streets suf. eating , accepting
ifjlfkha'ri n.f. misery frtendlessness
abjectnefs disgrace [Pj

fyjfjrkhMa'rtj N.M. (PL. of^lpN.M. if)

«* fjpkhava'rifx.M marvels miracles

•*** supernatural happenings {A -sing.

M .

L ~ / S / ~hh as t affix wish ; desire JZ'j/’khat'tah
adj. wished for desired [P
J//»s • kjas’t-gar n.m. suitor candidate
<r 0 )' aspirant petitioner (fj&>f/khajt'-ga'n
n.f. being a suitor candidature desire
aspiration petition [P]

^•khavas' fi.r. slave girl n.m. pl. (ofcS^fc
C/f' qualities, peculiarities virtues (of

medicine) n.m. pl. (ofyfy , gentry the elite
favourites khans' si N.m. service hind

seat on elephant’s back (A).

., •khan n.m. . tray khan-posh' n.m.

C^, < tray < cover ^Ifrkhan'&ah n.m. hawkers tray
(J^j/^if’khan'cha-firosh’ n.m. hawker ; pedler
ip'/'IJ? khan' (pah lags' nd v.i. peddle eat-
ables [Pj

g •lA’khatidah adj . & n.m. (n..0$t/ khaft’dag.vi
A " literate persons ojf^l'na-khaft'dah adj. &
N.M. (pl. dftt# 'na-khaft' dagsn) illiterate persons
J Jljrkhaftd'gi (ped. khaft'dagi ) n.f. literacy
khaniftdah, (pl ./dljjUfkhanih'dagan') reader [P~

&!rj •

rfim avamn' n.m. (pl. of^rN.M. it)

iff/khah suf. desirous of wishing for
0*" demanding conj. either ; whether*/^.. . t ijr

khah khah conj. either or > ......

khah nd...ns conj. neither.. .nor fljrjn} kha'Jir
khah adj. satisfactory adv. to one’s heart’s
content enough satisfactorily iiytl/khah'-
ma-bhah', (rare) , 1 ^ 1 / khah' na-khah', /

khaki na kha'hi' adv. definitely ; positively ;
at all events willy-nilly ; willing or not willing
without rhyme or reason adj. baseless ,
unfounded unauthorized self-imposed

self-styled jilj'kha'haft adj. desirous of

seeking; looking (for) [P-^rH/ivish]
y»^kh» har n.f. (pl. (^I^khd'harsn) sister

L p J .

Jy* khq'hish n.f. (pl. £>i2ltj’l<hahtshai')
istl* wish request prayer demand
desire will ({i/bj^fJfljrkhs'hish raki'ns (or
(tariff a) v.t. wish desire expiess a desire

{for) ji^tirkhd' ki sh-maftd adj. & n m, desirous

IP-Sy/)

A(£iC\ zz'Ma'to ”*-kJtd'M adv. same as
(jt’jCW ■* (sec under^JjTsuF. -^r)

’khoob adj. good well lovely ;

. ' pretty ; beautiful pleasant amiable ;
affable n.m. sweetheart beauty ; beautiful
person •/ fkhoob'-roo iS^^jrkhoob'-soo' rat adj.
comely ; lovely handsome ; pretty ; beautiful
“d khoab-soo'rati ^tjfkhoob’-rotf'i n.f. come-
liness ; loveliness ; prettiness ; beauty^jty
khao'btih n.m. sweethearts beauties ; fair ones
y^sfkhoob'-tar adj. better superior^A^/-
khoob'-tarui' adj. best excellent fid’khao'bi
n.f. quality excellence elegance virtue
(of medicine) flj^ba-khoobi adv. well
nicely^ easily" with a swing [PJ .

/i l f'khoobarii' n.f. apricot [PJ Jtc%

v * .cfs jflt

,,r/ j^kfwob' kalah' n.m. black-

berry seed [P] ^ -

t If® oo’ta n.f. (sec under t-^^) f|Pin>

‘kho’joh km. (one of) a caste of petty
'V' traders (one of) a caste of Shi’ite busi-
nessmen (rare) eunuch

i, | khaukhidna v.t. be enraged (of
v 5' monkey) emit bullying sound

* khod n.m. helmet jJ’^jaharii khod n.f. steel

A* helmet [PJ ^

* khud. n. (one’s) self pkef. self fjl&l (hvJ-

" ira adj. & n.m. self-adorning (person)
fyjTjf kh ud-ar a' i n.f. self-adornment fop
dandy foppishness ba-khfid adv.

voluntarily ; of one’s own-accord automati-
a\\y cJZbjf'khud-bcL-dau'lal n.m. yourself int.
you your majesty khud-bift' adj.

vain ; proud : arrogant presumptuous s*.:lf-
conceitcd n.m. introvert egotist gt'}?

khud-bt'ni n.f. pride ; vanity arrogance ;
self-conceit introversion egotism
khUd-paras' l adj. selfish self-conceited

narcissitc egoistical n.m. egoist (jfc'.j.ykhud-

paras'ii n.f. selfishness self-conceit
egoism narcissism khud-pas'aitd' adj.

self-complacent ' vain ; proud self-

conceited having a superiority complex

egotistical n.m. egotist j\j^khud-dar' adj.
self-respecting having self-restraint patient
(fjljj/khud-dari self-respect selfrestraint
patience £J^;fkhud-ra’t adj. wayward ;
headstrong opinionated wilful ; self-willed
d^jfkhiid-Ta't n.f. selfwill being head-
strong waywardness^^'/az khitd-raf'taA adj.

egoism

dead drunk senseless ; unconscious mad
P«rii ai khid-raj ’ lagi n.f. drunkenness
intoxication senselessness madness
khud’-ro (col. -rau") adj. wild (plant; etc.) p;/
khud-sita adj. egotist khud-sitS."i n.f.

self-praise egotism ^Sj/khud-sar' adj wilful
wayward; headstrong stubborn arrogant
khud-sa'ri n.f. wilfulness wayward-
ness stubbornness arrogance Lffjfkh&i'
gha'raz adj. selfish ulterior motives
khud-gha'razi (col. ghar'zt) n.f. selfishness
ulterior motives if^ljjfkhud-fariimosh' adj.
unmindful of oneself selfless enraptured
khud-faratrto'skl n.f. rapture; ecstasy
being unmindful ofonself j^/khud-kar' adj;
automatic self-propelled n.M. automation
khud-ka'ri n.f. automation ftfi/khud-kam' adj.
selfish (j jfjp’khud-kami n.f. selfishness
khud-kasji't n.f. cultivation (managed) by land-
lord himself adj. owner-cultivated- (field) »>/>/
khud-kar'dah adj. one’s own doing |self-invit-
cd khid-kar'dah rd Hla'je na't

prov. now face the music ; you (etc.) have dug
your own grave K.F. suicide

khud-ku'shi kar'na v i. commit suicide
kliUd-kafil adj. self-sufficient self-support-
ing . t - adj. . independent

self-governing free to decide self-willed
tf/tfj7khud-mukhta'ri n.f. independence
self government freedom to decide self-will
Ujfkhud-numa adj. ostentatious proud,
vain : sclf-conccited bragging ; boastful'^ftjP'
kfyud-Huma'i n.f. self-conceit ostentation
pride ; vanity tfjfkhu'di n.f. self ; ego
self-conciousness (arcli.) vanity ; pride^,
be-kWdi n.f. rapture ecstasy ; transport
madness senselessness selflessness IP]
er khor. jlJ'khar suf. eating drinking

accepting [P ~ &jf\ ,

• khur n.f. n.f

food and drink [P ~ ^jp]

({.& khoorak.' (ped. kh*t-),Jfrf’khu'ritfi n.f
food diet . dose [P -
, khur'd-bur'd n.f. embezzlement
defalcation ; peculation making
away with squandering i'/s/ijf' khUr 'd-bUr'd
kar'itu-v.i. misappropriate ; embezzle ; defal-
cate make, away with squander
khur'd-bur'd ho'ita v.i. be misappropriated
be embezzled be squander [P-.^yeat-)-^
take away]

294

$r

Ajjf'khBr'dam adj. edible ; eatable

ashys"t khurd'ni n.f. pl. eatables; edible

Huff

!dP* rsafid ' adj. pleased happy ; delighted
tfjt'/fkk&rsati'dL.H.T.. joy ; happiness ;
pleasure ; delight [P] . .

% ZkhO'rish n.t. (lit.) (same as +)

U& IP-

kh 6 ' Md' N.M. sun [PI

fchUrt adj. happy ; glad pleased
V* gay ; merry ; cheerful good healthy ;
wholesome fair ; beautiful pleasant
sweet ly/khusha' iht. lucky how happy
*fi/hh*d-i'mad n.f. flattery sycophancy
toadying . coaxing; wheedling
khiish-a'm/id kar'na v.i. flatter toady

fawn on coax : cajole ; wheedle
,kkQ*k~a'mad^(,v & adj. flatterer sycophant
toady£*t (j m *ykkuih-amad((T > int. welcome
ovation reception Cjj>Mj^rkhurh-smaded'
kaih'ns v.i. welcome hold a reception in
honour of vtjtfkftisji fi'na _,v.i. be liked
Hun out to be pleasant jlil/^khish-Zosz' adj.
melodious *, sweet-voiced (Sjb^^ktwA ■SO a a
w.F. melodiousness iitd adj.
pleasing agreeable holding bright pros-
pects ; bright im/Jflrfkhush-usloob' adj. elegant
snave J'jtf^/'jrkJptsh Qsloo’bi h.f. elegance ;
grace nicety zn&vrtyjljirlj^ykhush-atvar' adj.

mannerly well-bred tfl/Tfrfkhvshrilljsn'
adj. melodious , sweet voiced^ J yTiy'fkhush-
tlls'rH h.f. melodiousness ( uffJ'jrkhQA-altd&m '
adj. lovely ; pretty attractive having a

charming figure i/ffijrkhiish-b&sh adj. merry
cheerful .quite at case ; comfortable ; living
comfortably y^jpkhush-boo' n.f. fragrance
perfume scent ; scented odour aroma (usu.
jljy^^khish-boo-dsr' adj. fragrant sweet-
smelling perfumed scented aromatic
(y^jfykhuA-baysri adj. (of speaker)
eloquent convincing perspicuous facile
faifj^fkhiish-bay&'m n.f. eloquence facile
tongue felicity of phrase^^!' Usk-poA ’ ,
jfejfi'fkh&sh-po&ak' adj. * well-dressed
foppish fj l^rkhOsh-bar adj. rich well-
to-do prosperous happy we (^settled
dtffkhush-JiaH n.f. prosperity (f/fjpkh9A-
kfja'bari n.f.. good news ; happy news ; glad
tidings fu^/^ f kh B &.~kt irsm adj. ^ having, a
graceful gait : with elegant movements
khish-khual' adj. mannerly well-bred^jy

khu<h-khat' adj. & n.m. one writing in a beauti-
ful hand ; (one) having a good.^hand writing
written in a beautiful hand (f£f/khus±-khat’ti
(or col. khusJ±-kha'H),tt.r. good hand writing
calligraphy £7 j'/khish-khul'q ADJ.
courteous ; civil , polite affable ; amiable
^^-^rkhush-kfnil'qi n.f. civility ; polite-,
ness ; courtesy affability ; amiability MCrr
khush-khoorak' adj. (col. l/Jr/khush-kho' ri\
adj. fond of rich food J Ijfyfjrkhush-khoora'ki
n.f. fondness forrich food Jl^f^/kjdish-khaySr
adj. poet (or writer) with “freshness of ideas
^^f/khush-khayal* n.f. freshness of ideas
oflj^sjrkhtish-da'man n.f. mother-in-law
kh flsfc dil' adj. happy cheerful well-
disposed without spite J Z'f' khush-di'li n.f.

happiness cheerfulness lack of spile
Zlljjf/khusjt-zd'eqah adj. dainty palat-
able tasteful ; pleasing to the taste
khush-yaftar’ adj. with graceful movements
(SjO’Jl/r khush-rafta Vi n.f. graceful movements
L*vj£/fkhish-ratig'j,XD}. bright-coloured

with lovely hours khish-ran' gi n.f. lovely

hues (of)i(/l7khush-roo’ adj. pretty ; beautiful ;
handsome , lovely charming $■>)£// khush-Too’'i
, n.f. beauty : loveliness Cfj(yfikku<]t raih'na ' be
happy live happily (jLj $fkh*sh-zabari adj.
eloquent facile 'J^/ykhush-zaba'ni n.f.
eloquence facile tongueJLtf/jrkhlsh-
tali' qah adj. & n.m. with good managerial
qualities ; good manager tyZ khUsh-sali' qagi
n.f. good managerial qualities
adj. lucky : fortunate with one’s star in

the ascendant $Lf?khush-tab" adj. jocular .
jocase cheerful having a good dis-

position (/^C / '/khbrh-lab''i n.f. cheerfulness
good disposition pleasantry sh -

ii'nat adj. good-natured (^(J'j’khush-ti’mh
n.f. good i na.t\ircJ* > (J'/ khush-fe‘'li n.f. plea
santry f’(J'/kltd*h-Jik'r adj. freshness of jdeas
(fji/’/M&th-Jik'ri n.f. freshness of ideas
Mtush-faih’m (ped .fah'm). «;nsible optimisti

cal vainly hopeful (^(J^ykhuih-faih'mi (pcd.
/ah-) n.f. .good sense optimism vain
hopes Crffjfkhiih’qis 'mat adj. lucky , fortu-
nate Ji^^ykkiish-qis'matt n.f. luck; good
fortune : stroke of good luck ^^J^ykhdirk-
qu'mad se adv. luckily C/jtykh**/' kar'na, v.r^
please ; delight amuse gratify
khuth-gap' piyait n.f. gossip pleasant (jiyi/f
khUijrgbWan adj. & n.m. living in ease and

295

comfort leading a comfortable life /ir^fkhZsf
giloo’ ADJ. sweet-voiced . melodious
gt/loo''i n.f melodiousness f^/khush-go adj
& n.m. eloquent facile (}/^?khush-go"t n.f.
eloquence facile tongue felicity of phrase
jij&ykhush-guoar adj. pleasan* whole-
some agreeable bracing tasteful
khish-guva'rl n.f pleasantness tfbj'/khZsk-
1 ibas' adj. well-dressed foppish (f'Vfcf/

khvshrliba'ft n.f. being well-dressed dandy-
ism i**vf > (J'fkhash-nas1b' adj. lucky fortunate
klmsh-nasl bi n.f. luck; good fortune
Vx&btf^Wtebrnaft’bi ki bat ho'na v t be for-
tunate that \j^> / irkh&sh-numa' adj. beautiful
(thing) lovely or charming (sight! splendial
(Jfr* !0 /khZsh-nnma"% n.f. beauty charm
splendour jj ( r^/khUsh-naoa’ adj. melodious,
sweet-voiced (poet) recitmg well good
(poet) $ tjfj~/kkZshrWoa' ’I n.f. melodious-
ness sweet recitation J/^/khushnood' adj
happy pleased J>y£/kMshnoo'di n.f
happiness pleasure jdy^ykhvsh-navis n.m. a
calligraphist adj. (one) writing a good hand
kkustj-natg' si n. f calligraphy
khusb-o-khur'ram adj. happy_ .cheerful
leading a comfortable life (/jf/^khZsH.vaq'ft
n.f happiness i/j^/khusf ho'na v.t.
rejoice enjoy be glad be pleased be
happy ; be delighted frfkhu'sK n.f * [P]

A, * ktjo'sbah n.m. bunch (of grapes, etc.)
ear (of corn) spike (of plant)
kho'sha-cffifi hm. gleaner dependent (some-
one) for literary inspiration , writer taking his
ideas from another (euphemism for) plagiarist
inspired (by) dependent (on) (fgZfkho'sba-
Ai'n i n.f. gleaning drawing inspiration

(from) plagiarism dependence [PJ

n.f. pleasure ; delight ; happi-
O * ness ; gladness joy , mirth rejoicings
festivity cheerfulness willingness yff/
kha'0 khz's#, ^J'/khu 'M se adv.

happily i gladly joyously with pleasure
willingly ; voluntarily cheerfully (Cisljv/j/
khU’sbi kar'na (or mana'na) v.i. be pleased
be delighted, enjoy rejoice hold festi-
vities (T khZ' ski met a'na v.i. be pleased
be delighted khZsB re adv. will-

ingly , voluntarily [P-j^j

fekhaut n.m. plunged (rare save in)

^ ghav r-o Mum? n.m. careful consideration
deep thought meditation (AJ

jr

•ipkhauf n.m. fear dread, terror
apprehension doubt , misgiving
khauf dila'na v.t frighten ; terrify
threaten , menace ajjffkhauf '•fa' dak adj.
afraid . frightened _ terrified : terror-stricken
imperilled VjtjJ>/khauf'-ze'doh kar’na
frighten terrorize /khauf '-za'dah ho no .
CJo/khauf kar'na, W&fkhwf' kha'na v.t
fear be afraid be terrified tjij/khauf.
itok' adj. terrifying frightful ; dreadful
terrifying terrific great (calamity, etc.)
horrid . horrible l p l

^Jyrkhook N.M. pig ; hog ; swine ; boar {P]

f/ khoo-gar adj. habituated , accustomed
y / inured addict [P~ f+J]
fZ khoo-gir' n.m. pack-saddle saddle
JZ r lining pad . stuffing khoo-gu

ki bhar'li n.f. stuffing (of saddle) padding
(fig.) worthless stuff (P ^/perspiration)

I Zkhol n.m. case cover sheathl'U&J/
if" khol cborha'na v.t. encase coyer
sheathe

^l/Jjrkholaft'jan (or khotb) n.m. galingale [A -

t^khoon n.m. blood murder man
(✓-^slaughter ; homicide slaughter killing
VU/ khooft-nab , ^fffkhootena'bak n.m. tear*
of blood blood O^l^/Mvotrna’ba.fidiat adj.
shedding tears (etc.) of blood MtooH-na'ba-

fsbfni n.f. shedding tears of blood killing
(di^/khooh asfm adj. tyrannous ferocious
Jiffy/ khoot asja mi' N.M. ferocity tyranny
it)j jfy/khoot-alood (ah) adj. blood-stained JV y
khoot-bdr' adj. shedding tears of blood (//
khoot-baha n.m. ransom ; blood-money CW.tf/
khoot baha'nu v.t. shed blood . kill ; murder^/
VfiXlkhpon' pn’ni ek' kat'n a v.t. .work very hard
leave no stone unturned Ct^khoon' pt'na v.t.
suck blood murder inflict great suffer-
ing on vex ; harass ; pester \cSj(tf/ khoon'
ihflok'na v.i. spit blood work oneself to
death have a great shock J^Muidskat
adj. bleeding, blood-dripping ^Ijfy/khooii'
khara'bah n.m. bloody fight killing jl//
khfiQt-kkar' adj. blood-thirsty murderous
ferocious n.m. ferocious person beast
of prey Jjljr/Mtoot-khd'ri n.f. being blood-
thirsty ferocity jfifj/khoob'-rn' adj. bloody ;
sanguinary JjJ/khook-rt'ti # n.f. bloodshed ;
carnage ; massacre Vjfjt^'tffkhoon siftd' ho'na
” * be callous be apathetic j/^/kkoo'nam

v.i.

296

4 ?

khook, tffl’fkhoo'na khooh adj. much wounded
besmeared with blood khoon' ka pya'ia

adj. blood-thirsty n.m. bitter enemy
khoon' ka daba"o n.m. blood pressure j
CSlffij khoon’ ka daba"o ziya’dah (dr kam')i
ho'na v.i. have high (or low) blood pressure fy?
0 ji> khoon' ka dau’rah n.m. circulation of blood
khoon' kar'na v.t. kill ; murder
assassinate ruin -shatter, ( hopes)

khoon’ ho'na v.t. be killed ; be murdered
be assassinated be ruined (of hopes) be
shattered ’Jfkhoo'h 1 n.m. murderer; assassin adj.

blood (relation) bitter (foe) (jjj'kho'onifi
adj. bloody blood stained pitiable [P]

» khand n.f. wheat or barley when still green;
green wheat stalks

Jbj -khesjt n.m. (pl. cjUP/khe'shafi) close
relation (someone’s) in-law ^kins-^
snan (pl.) family ; peopl
kht'sk-o-aqribs’ (or aqa'rib) n.m. pl. kith relations;
relation kith and kin ; kinsmen [P]

. .Lkhaydbari {Alfikhayabah n.m. flower-
wjf; bed garden walk , walk road [P]

I ZhtV* r ' N M * cucumber [P] rfjkrkhiy&rairi
n.m. .pl. the two varieties of cucumber
tukh'm-e khiyarain' n.m. pl. seeds of
cucumber varieties [A]

. » khayyttt' n.m tailor , seamster (A ~ AfT
>k^ thread)
liZkhayal' n.m. (pv.Csjligkhayalat') thought
UiT notion idea conception fancy ; imagi-
nation vision coneeth care ; concern

regard opinion ; consideration . image

name of a musical mode khays'l-ara'i

n.f. conceits (in poetry) ^y^Ji^khaya'l-e bn’ til
n.m. wrong idea ; false notion misconcep-
tionfrjLJljrkhayar bahdk’na v . t . form an
idea imagine versify an idea
khayal'-bah'di n.f use of poetical images
train of thoughts (Lif^bj^Ji^khayal' par'na.
(or par &ark'na) v i occur ; come to mind ;
be recalled get the hang of ; get the point ;

understand (rjyfj^khv & At**'”* v.t. give
up the idea (of) ; relinquish all thought (of)
rtfAlj'khaya'l’t kham' n.m. silly idea
wrong notion CfjJyT khayal'-raki'na v.t. re-
member , bear in mind fkhayal’ raih'na
v.i. be kept in mind^c/ffj^khqyal'-o fa'sid n.m.
wrong idea , false notion** U/Jlikhayal kar'na
v.t k i. image ; to fancy think ; to consider
care (for) ; show concern (for) ; be solicited

(about) have regard (for) J'llrlfJlf'&haya'l-e
la-ta"il n.m. absurd idea |,*K>tA/l f khayaF null
na la'na v. pay no attention (to) have no
regard (for) Cfj}(Jl?khayal' na raih’na v.t.
forget all (about) ^fyji^khonl' na kar'na jv.t
take no notice of ; pay no attention (t o)c5’/Hr
khoyalat' N.m. ideas ; thoughts fancies ;
imaginations rflg'khaya'li adj. imaginary
visionary fanciful ; fantastical flbjl/khaya'/t
pald'o nm. imaginary castles in the air ; vain
speculation Ctf^jl^JU'khaya'li pula'o pak&'ns
v.i. build castles in the air ; indulge in vain
speculation [A]
j*Lj?khiyam' n.m. (pl. of

1*1 P'khayynm' n.m. tent-maker [A- ]

~ji£khija'rwl n.f. embezzlement , defalca-
■' tion breach of trust perfidy
khiya'nat kar'na v.i. embezzle be guilty of
breach of trust ^l^cyfJ'kfnya’nat-e mujrimanah
n.f. criminal breach of trust (M
£khair' n f. good , goodness virtue
*** health , happiness safety welfare adv

all right ; very well adj. good best pref.
well j^Jj/^khair-abderh' adj. well-wisher
khair-afide' shi n.f. well-wishing _ friendship

solicitude jl^rkhair-bad' int. good-bye ,
farewell , adieu n.f. well-wishing farewell,
adieu khair' bad' khaih'na v. t. bid fare-
well , say good-bye khair'-khah adj. well

wisher j&f’khair' kha'bar n.f news _ good
news news about the health (of) (ftljfe khair -
khaki n.f. well-wishing friendship

solicitude lh-^khair' sail'd n.f. (ped. £,4*^
khair-o sal ah') (someone’s) welfare Vjfe khair'
gu'zama v.i. escape unhurt ^survive an accidcm
CP \/t khair’ mahg'na, L'lS;? khair' mana'na v.t
& i. pray for the safety (of) pray for (some-
one’s) welfare J^g’khxi'r-t mah'z adj. very
pious N.F. categorical good khair maq'dam

n.m. welcome ovation I'/^j^khait-maq'-
darn kar'na v.t. welcome give a warm recep-
tion (to) receive cordially CZSIttgkhai'r-o

‘ nfiyat n.f. well-being health andprospenty

^ / Jr khair' (to) hai' int. what is the
matterwith you are you all right ? arc vou
all there khairiy'yal n.f ★ [A] .

„ < •kh*ir»t' n.f alms, chnrityy^sj^khatr'al-
kha'nah n.m. alms-house ; poor-house (jlr?
khairi’tt adj.' charitable v free
Vjjairi't 1 fhyfa.kha'noh n.m. charitable dispensary.

297

or hospital . free dispensary or hospital [A -

race.]

^kft'rak adj. dazzled dazed im-

Sv modest shameless proud ; vain (JyZ
khlragi n.p, dazzle daze immodesty
shamelessness pride ; vanity [P]

^rkhl'roo n.m. a kind of bltfe flower [P]

— » khatriy'jat m.f happiness health

and happiness ; good health welfare
safety ( - . ...

.&kkiz it.? leap , bound , rising suf. rising
7 - getting up leaping galloping caus-

ing . giving rise to (Jjgkhe'zaii adj . rising
UhtzVt adv. now rising ; now
falling with great difficulty much fatigued
willy nWYftfjgkhi zisk n.f. (sexual) erec-
tion concupiscence (fj£khi & suf. rising

rousing fP^/trise]

khtsat’dah n.m. infusion (P)

ip'khail n.m horses host ; multitude
(/- horde [A]

♦ khila n.m. & adj. silly (person j/f If khila-
kT pan. n.m. silliness ¥

khai’mah (col. kht'mah) n.m. (pi- khijam)
*** tent pavilion UzJ^khai'ma-doz' n.m.

tent-maker tfjjf khai'ma'-zan adj. tent-pitcher

encamping (army, etc.). khai ' ma-zan

ho' na v.i. encamp e&fkha i'ma-gah n.f.
camp encampment camping ground (A]

illegal possession embezzle press conceal

keep back; withhold refuse to return VlfiJjgi-fiJ
dab' dfook' ja'na v.t. (of paper) be unturned at
corner, etc. and Jail to receive impression (in
prin ting) dab' dt'n 3 v.t. bur}- ; inter
.**. da' la n.m. God one who gives away
•''generously one liberal in alms-giving
ftjjyCbda'ta got? bahh'ih. n . m . treasure-

bestower (as appellation of Lahore saint) [ ~ )

7 1 . da' tan n.f. toothbrush twig used as

O ’* such l

i •J^da'hhil adj. admitted ; enrolled
L/l* rCgist red filed inserted ; .included
inner arriving ; entering $lrjT(jd&' hl&l-
htarij n.m. registration cf transfer of property

dal eleventh letter of Urdu alphabet (also

* called da'be mh'nudah) (In jummal reckon-
ing) 4

1 dab N.M. manner ; customs ; ways

# ^ condition ; state pump and show
magnificence fear ; terror (usu. as
ri'b dab) awe-inspiring authority (A]

i. . dab'na v.t. press press down
Vi " squeeze massage bury . inter
insurp with hold ;keep back t^fjdab n.f.
impression (in printing) ; single impression
withholding pressure control ; authority

(,*1^4 ^Ijdab' hifka'na v.t give full impression

(in printing) exercise authority over ; bring
under conupl (\Jd L CJjb)l^L/ljdab baifk’na (or
ruflk'JWOf *•' Hd) v/r usurp , seize take

daf'iar kar'na v.t. file put m cold storage
fo?>()i*da"b&il daf'tar ha’ tea v.i. be filed
be shelved (zjQfljda'kliii kar'na v.t admit;
enrol to enter ; include ; insert deposit
file place Hj^J^ljda'ihil h.o'nii v.i. be admit-
ted ; be enrolled arrive enter be inser-
ted; be included be deposited be registered;
be filed da' bbilah n.m. admission ; admit-
tance entrance (also da'^ilah)

admission fee (a\sa Jr{ij/lumoo'r-t da' Shiloh)
Home Affairs, Interior da' ^iti adj .
internal ; inner , not extraneous of Home
Affairs ; Interior pref. in- tjyljfb da^jili garah'
n.m. in-group Cfrtfjda ’hkili mnu'za' n.m. sub-
sidiary village [A-

dad n.m. ringworm ; herpes

f-lydad n.m. praise; appreciation, com-

pliments justice ; equity appeal
complaint revenge law tyjijdad' pa’na v.i.

be praised obtain justice Vjtyjdad' (tah'rui
v. seek redress ; demand justice wish for
compliments n.m. plaintiff
complainant (filjfibdad-kta'hi n.f. suit for
redress petition for justice seeking redress
(frjljdad’-dthi n.f. administration of justice
l&jljdad’ iina v.t. praise ; pay compliments;
give due appreciation do justice make
reparation redress ^/^}ifdad'-Tas n.m. judge
(f'jjljdad'-ra'si n.f. justice redress or
grievances IZ/(fijljdid' ra' si kar'na v.t. redress
the grievance (oVjUjjf^j^dad'-risJ ho'na v.i. (of
someone) have justiccC 's&fufjbda'd-t sUaja'*r.l
dim v.i. display great valour jL?jljdad' forya>!‘
n.f. cry for justice petition for seeking

298

bb

6b

redress (‘Jjl b datT foryid' kar'na v.i. cry for
justice "seek redress raise a hue and cry
UfZJjbdad' ko pahutch'nd v.t. come to the
aid (of) dispense justice redress the grie-
vance oXXfbdad'-gar n.m. judge ; administrator
.of justicc>_ ^bdad'-gus’lar ADJ. just N.M. judge
(f^bbdad'-gus'tarl n.f. administration of justice
Wjljdad' U'na v.i. be complimented (on)
get praise (for) get an avation be appre-
ciated Ckfljdad' mil'm v.i. be complimented
gel an ovation j^Pyjbdad ha faryad' n.f.
high-handedness injustice; tyranny jftjjb
da'd-o dthish' n.f. charity; bounty liberality
beneficence ; munificence j^y^jda'd-o shad’
n.f. monetary transaction settlement of
accounts business deal [P ~ ^bbgive]
i i da da N.m. paternal grandfather ; grand-
' * father ; gaffer old man (dial.) preco-
cious child (dial.) bad character ; hooligan ;
miscreant ; tough (fjljda'di n.f, paternal
grand-mother ; grandmother ; granny old
woman

jjfj da dar n.m. toad

dad'ra n.m. name of a staccato musical

mode with quick tempo

. I da'das n.f. mother-in-law’s mother-in-law:

* consort's paternal grandmother \j***$\j
da'doara n.m. father-in-law’s father ; consort's
paternal grandfather [ .

ifdarti.r. gibbet; cross '&//>

* * da>' bhehfh'na (or thorhana)’ v.t. r
impale gibbet tfjliddr’-kash n.m. hangman ;
executioner [PJ

Y I* dar suf. having owner of holder
^^-er n.f. holding ; keeping (used only in ph.)
yfijb da t-o-grr' x.i. honga ma-t dar'-o gif'
N.m. tumult melee indiscriminate

arrests jlnjjjlfda'r(-d-) mn-dar' n M.drpendence:
rclianc c l'fr!+, J b/'par da'r-o ma-dar' ho' ad v.i.
(of something) depend (on the existence, etc.)
(of something else) ; depend [P — y^jliave]

I* I. dar n.m. house; dwelling; abode;

habitation place ; centre ‘^fyfjljdd'r-ul-
d'hhiral, gJtfljljdarjil^Uirali n.m. the next
world da’ r-iil-ifa' mah n.m. (rare) board-
ing house; hotel lodge; house admitting
paying guests ^(lilibda'ful-aman' n.m. house
i>l peace and safety friendly country j^jf Ijlj
dd r-iil u'msrA n.m. House of Lords loJtjbda r-*l-

hdqi' Hji. the eternal abode; the heavenly Home:
the next world; Hereafter yjjb di'r-Ul-jaia" n.m.

the next world ; the heavenly home place
of reward place of retribution ^/jbda'r-pl-
har'b N.M. enemy territory non-Muslim
country &ffVljbda‘ r~W. hukoomat N.M. capital

government headquarters da'r-ul-^hHafah
n.m. scat of the Caliphate; Caliph's headquarters
^jUda'r-as-sal' lanal N m. capital ; government
headquarters l^!/l)da'r*ush-shifd' n.m. (ped.)
hospital 'y^djjhda'r-XU-zar'b n.m. (rare) mini
daT-ul-'uIoom' n.m. seat of learning college of
orthodox Islamic learning Jfiibda'ml-'a'mnl n.m.
the place of action ; this world&ll/ljdar-ul-fana
n.m. the abode of mortaU^l^ij/bdd’r-il-mukafdi'
n.m. this world the place of retribution
Sfybdar-un-na'lm' n.m. the place of blessings
paradise ; heaven [A]
j. I « da'ra n.m. possessor Darius [P
' have, possess]
filibddrahi n.f. gun rigging
Sj I dar' bast n.f. scaffolding frame for

* creeper

( ytjb ddr-cht'm n.f. cinramon (PJ

i da too n.f. cure; remedy drug;
medicine (col.) liquor Jjljfjjdaoa’ da'roo
n.f. medicine (medical) treatment^jy^Jvb
daroo'-e darmafi' (col. da ' too dar' man) n.f.

(medical) treatment [P]

• i daro'ghah n.m. inspector (official) jn

^ * charge (of) (also (fijibddro'ghah j|)
sub-inspector of police ; S.I. ; Station House
Officer; S.W.O.<fyl£fy ) jbddro'gha-t abka'ri n.m.
excise inspector daroghg-t pahs' n.m.
sub-inspector of police; S.I. slr^jjtfibddro'ghrre
top-Uia'nah n.m. (old use) official in charge of
arti lery or arsenal keeper &$?f t j\fd2ro'gha-t
j oh gal at' n.m. ranger ; forest ranger JZpjb
daro'gha-tjtl N.m. superintendent of jail; warden
(}li*!p}bdaro'gha-t sofa's n.m. sanitary inspector
dare! ghah farm n.m. farm super-
visor ij/!fs$ftdar»'gluih g haf n.m. ferry collector
Csily^fjbddro’gha t mahsooidt' n.m. tax inspector
( fjjljdaro'ghagl n.f. office of ‘darogha’ ; super-
visor's job [P]

a i^da'rl n.f. woman enslaved in battle
* loose woman

j f darnin' n.m. this the world and the here-
to. after [A -jljdual]

*\y dark {dial. jtjlfdaA) n.f. grinderJtfyfd^ft/l’
dark bhi gar'm no ho'nd v.t. have very little
to eat taUbda iki (dial, fajlf da' rk a) n.m. (joc 4

299

large beard corner-stones

/f5b rfar '** (dial- fjlMi'rkl) ^ard

V pet' melt ho'na v.i. (of

child) be precociously^ da'rhl peshab'

St mubdoa'na disgrace. ’ **^at the humble pie
t^jtyVjtefjbdarkl&kar'ia (or mkk'na) v.i.
grow a beard Ijtyfjbda'rki mookd'na v.i. shave
off one’s beard

^ das n.m. (dial.) servant^brfa'ri n.f. (dial.)
(/ b maid servant female devotee [8]
rfa'ra n.m. wall-plate

,£,/ dAittin' ,(j)&ljdis'l8h n.f. legend ;

-* romance late ; fable story f&tyb
da\'t alt-go' x.M. story-teller professional
(orally) relating legends or talcs ’'fiftf&bdzts'taii-
go' 'l n.f storytelling profession of relating

legends or tales [P|

disk' l suf. keeping care (of)kS*jjjb
^^I*jid-d3&t n.f memory note

memorandum gjjfdafh'lah n.f. mistress ; con-
cubine st’F. kept , maintained [P -gj^havej
,t\ydi' l i ( J’lJ\ad-da"l) n.m. (pl. tfigpda'iyan'
V JU> do* at') preacher one making a

call (for some cause) one who invites
ItfVIbJi * 1 * ' ** ( or ed-dS'l) ilal-khoir'

n.m. one who makes a call for a noble cause ;
one who invites towards virtue (A -

d£ l tyah n.m. desire ; wish motive

arrogant elaim vsv.^fjjfidam-da''ijak) guts
[A - PREC.’

it dagh n.m. mark spot blemish
U 'stigma scar .bum loss ; injury

shock calamity C&l&bdagh Bfka’m a v.i. suffer

a reverse of fortune Jtfctdagh-'bcl' n.f. spade
(for laying mark out a road ; road demarcation
OljJstt’f&to) dagh'-bel' dal' na v.t. begin ;

start ; initiate lay the foundation (of)jjjfb
dagh'-dar' adj. blemished sullied spotted
stained burnt ; scarred soiled llX/l/ib
dap}'-dar' kat'na v.t. sully ho'na
v.i. be sullied £tj£l)dagb'-de'na \ .t. brand

grieve die" and cause grief (to) igb'-

kkana v.i. suffer the shock (of) be greatly
grieved fljdkgh '-lagana v.i. sull y ; stigma-
tize; blacken the name (of) grieve V&£jjdafb'-
lag'na v.i. be sullied • be branded ; be
stigmatised be grieved by the death (ofjjf’fl
da'ghi adj. damaged ; soiled ; spoiled [P]

.»* dugh'na v.t. brand fire (gun, etc.)

\ /« da' ft* adj. driving away repelling

C/ ' curative curing [A~&>]

/ dakh n.f. grapes a species of small
* ' sour grapes

[1. - prec ; 2. ono.J

I ||. dal n.f. name of the letter

U 3 « a ,y ho’na v.t. go away; make oneself

scarce

f | < dal n.f. split pulse vetch scale ;
J ^ crust granulation yellow spot on
fledglings beak concentrated rays
dal ba'fn to' d n.f. fired pancake wit), a layer of
pulse in hl^p^dal' bakdk'na v.i. (of wound)
granulate l^J^bdal' Aap'poo ko'n a v.t.
grapple withi each other (of kite strings) be-
come entangled Uj^ljdal' dal'ja N.M. coarse
fare ; poor food ** whatever is readily available
for eating fyjJUdal' ro'ff n.f. humble food
poor sustenance bare existence yfjbtifj
(/U) dal' gal'tta v.i. (of someone’s cause)
prosper make headway ) jf Jf f tdal'

melt (Jtflfift*) ka'la ho'na v.i. smell a rat
(Id) dal' no gal'tta v.i. fail to make headway
(» a 'bb* to (math Is) dal' bki
na'fhft jka'rt pn. he is as yet a fledgling
t 1 | ^ dal adj. proof (of) indicative (oQ ;
U * expressive (of) denoting ; signifying
li/lcfli^par dal ko’na v.t. be proof (of) be
indicative (of) denote ; signify Jr>

g)l)l)dalan' n.m. varandah hall [P]

dam n.m. net snare trap Cli<ji(tit£)

I kt dam' nuk s'na v.i. come under the
spell (of) be duped (by) be seduced (by)
be ensnared (by) iHjifixSiko) dam' rntk la'na
v.t. ensnare entrap dupe [P]

dam' n m. price cost value money;

( wherewithal a small coin now out of use;
son jdam' bhar'na v.i. pay the penalty
(of) indemnify IfLiffitdam pat' ja'na v.i. (of
price) be settled I'&fDdam ctuka'na v.i. settle
price or rate 0>j(*pdam' dt'na v. to pay the price
kha're kar'na v.i. sell off (some-
thing) and receive the money da' mo

di'rame qa'damt sBkta'ne adv. all types of (help)

[PI

I da'ma int. (f. tda’mal) may it last far
f ever; may it be prejietuated £lli7 (Sida'ma
iqbn'lohoo int. may his star continue to be in the
ascendent Oj f d>fjda'mal dau'lalokoo int. may his
sovereignty (or prosperity) perpetuate
da'ma til lokoo int. may his protection last for me

.. j- dalvar no*. God ; God of Justice ; the

Just God just sovereign [P]
fyfydskina, Cfljdaik'na,(jLljda’jaii adj. right
(hand )a^\tda'hine adv. on the right
hand side to the right
yj» </a"lr adj; (of law-suit) filed ; instituted
* circling ; whirling \?Jj>ljda'ir kar'na v.T.
institute (a case) ; "file (a law-suit) fa'/bda”ir
ho'na v.i. (of law-suit) be filed [A~

O/li ^ s ” ,ra * N - M - circle orbit large
^ ^ tambourine [A~>*r]

Jiy da'Um adj. eternal perpetual
I permanent ; lasting continual cease-
less yADV. always ever permanently
U^'C))da' , im-uL-hab’s adj. imprisoned for life
(JZJlfdtfda” im-ul-ma'rai adj. sickly n.m. vale-
tudinarian da’imi adj. continual ; lasting
permanent ; lasting continual perpetual
^eternal [A

^ f)da”in mm. debtor [A~^/!)dain]

myfjdaood’ H.u. H&vid jjfjSj/mazanti r-c da'ood
n.m. pl. psalms of David ; the psalms <&//j
da’oo'dt adj. pertaining to David (use
(fiilifgul-t da’oo'dt) chrysanthemum [A ~ H]

. jljdah' , o n.m. (wrestling) trick

grasp move (in game) throw (of
dice) strategem ambush ; ambuscade
turn ; chancefe^j jljda’oti par shark' ns v.i.
be entraped be. overpowered by adversary

Caj^(Jjbda''»ti paryakk'na v.T. stake ; put at
stake ; hazhrdt'£(Jjljdd"ah par'na v.i have a
good throw (of dice) C%ltfod*”oh fikehk'na v.i.
throw the dice £Jjp)dd“oh pttk' n.m.. (usu.pl.)
(wrestling) tricks C £l Zfoda"oh de'na v.f . give

(someone) his turn trick; take in. da” oh
kar'na v.i. trick ; deceive use (wrestling)
trick{fk£jjl>da' , ofi kkel'na v.T. play a trick
(upon) employ a strategem (against)
da" oh lagans v.i. throw the dice put at

•take lie in wait ambush ; ambuscade wait
for one’s chance 0Jjbda"oh lag'na v. get a
chance or opportunity Ok^’( J </« M oagilat' n.m.
tticks ^ strategem ambush ; ambuscade
tflgOjWa'oh mth a'na v.i. be taken in ; be
deceived (by) be ambushed (by)
flUWt i.F. (col. for ^bda'yah) midwife
■ midwife CUt&'AlIj

' da ’t tt pi fhJtApa'na V.I. try to conceal from
one who is in the know of thingS(}ilfjjljdd''i
kkM'i tt.r. governess baby-sitter ^J/lis
da"i-gt'ri n.f. (col.) midwifery [or ~Pw(icora.J

da' yah adj. (same as I^>adj. ^)

jfi da’tn adv. j to^ the right; on the right
3 hand sid eJ^l(J*bda"eh ba"eh adv. right
and left

I . da’ yah n.f. midwife child’s nurse ;
1-3 dry-nurse ; governess ; baby-sitter wet
nurse (fjsljda'ya-gan n.f. midwifery [F]

L dub n.m. (rare) bear

• dUb'b-e as'ghar n.m. the ^ i

(constellation) Little Bear *. . * —
y/li^'jdab’b-e ak’bar n.m. the f
(constellation) Great Beat • .

[A] ** '

^y dab' bn n.m. twig (for replantation) [ ~ Us ]

•

j*i daba'tia v.T. press down squeeze

. * curb crush ; subdue check ; restrain
usury bury ; inter suppress hush up
Ctjlfdabz' de'na v.t. bury ; inter suppress
hush up press down Qjljdaba' le'na v.t.
usurp seize encroach upon overawe

control ; keep under the thumb overcome
curb suppress [~tj>CAWS.J

diba'ghat u.r. tanning currying
'■^(leather) fjljdabbaQ N.M. tanner
currier [A]

Si daba'o n.m. pressure constraint

2. influence awe pl/jLydaba"o dal'na v.i.

press down influence ; bring pressure

to bear upon(,'U , '/l >j daba'o man’na,(;fj*jfodaba'’/‘
mth a'na v.i. yield to the pressure of [~
jjjuy dab'dabah n.m. awe state majesty

* * [P3 ,

i . , dub'dka, IJjdug'da n.m. dilemma
"• demur suspense ; uncertainty hesita-
tionLjffjfAjjff’l i'sl dUb'dke meh ho’na v.i. be on
the horns of a dilemma dub'dka kar'na v i.

doubt ; have misgivings hesitate
y, du'bur n.f. anus posterior bottom;
Y bum [A]

dab' too gluts too n.m shy (person)
nervous (person) cowardly) [~l>>

..jli Jdabis'tan (or dabistah') n.m. *cb<

LSJ]

i'l/* dabka'na V.t. reprove ; rebuke snub
(arch.) hide.; conceal C&jda'bakna v.i.
crouch shrink from fear squeez lie in
a ambush uJ%/ZXrda'bak kar bditk'nav. i. crouch
(IfimXtdabakja'navA. be overawetf crouch
ik dub' la adj. (f. (fa dub’ It) lean
• * an ^ thin gaunt weak {f>j

da b'la pet' It adj. (r. &&>da b’h pat'll) lean
lank thin ; gaunt weak c / v y.>djib'la pan
n.f leanness thinness weakness

» ddb'na v.i. be pressed down be

* squeezed . be compressed be suppressed :
be quelled restrained be defeated , be
overcome ; bow down crouch yield be
mortified be buried be hard-pressed
‘ dob' ja’ no v.i yield be mortified be

suppressed ; be quelled be buried (under

debris, etc.) 1/ mar' ns v.i. be crushed to

death ; be hard-pressed n/j jjjdab'boo dab' boo
kat'n a v.i. create a hush-hush atmosphere
l±/if(fcda'bl ag kUred'na v.t. try to stir up (old
feud) again*£pLjjj oa'tA tflban' se a ov. in a

low voice (say ’something) timorously
ia’bt pa' 'an ADV. treaking softly ; sneakingly £.y
dabaiF adj. mortified n.m. weakling sub-
ordinate '

ft.^abatg’ adj. (r.J~3'dabaii'gi) stout
v ^C*bulky fat and ugly n.m. bully
courageous (person)

... dabo&'na v.t. seize hold down
'V?■ , pounce upon catch Ijyjfa dabo&'na,
Ijpfjtfja daboet'n a v.t. pounce upon hold

down Ci$Jt*dabo£ U'na v.t. seize clutch
catch hold down

dob'b Ih.f. balancing (at tip-cat)

. . doin' n.m. (arch, or lit.) secretary
writer \jfytodoW r-o fo'lok n.m (the planet)
Mercury [A]

d0 W ADJ. (of paper, etc.) thick

^p doboit adj. & n.m. (see under V>» v.i. «fe)

do'po} N.F. browbeating swift move-
•f' ment tf'jdapal'na v.t. walk quickly
browbeat i£>idopta'*i v.t. cause to move

quickly *

j^j dot snt. be off ; away , begone , avaunt
Vj&dUtkVaa v.t. (same zsljfav.T. if)

/• ditkaa’na h.m. rag on child’s forehead to
prevent influence of evil eye
. n.m. antichrist great deceiver

J&1

Lp datf'l n.m. deception ; fraud *£>Jpdaj'l-o
U»*fonb' n.m. fraud fraudulence (A]
Jpj dij'lok (col. dqj-) n.m. Tigris [AJ

,fy daja' N.M. dark of night dark night
* fcJItAbad'r-Ud-dqja' n.m. full moon in

the dark of night luminary (A)

(jff^Jdakkan' n.m. smoke (rare) steam

ftfodukka'tn adj steam (ship, etc.) jUrjlfr
dukha'ni jahzu' n.u. steamer (/jjlordukha'dl kal
n.f. steam engine [A]

^ ddkh't n.f. (see under n.f gt)

ddkh'lar n.f. daughter girl iSfidakk’t

' n.f. (abb. of /&) daughter girlJbsS^
dakh't-t ra*',}j ) ?frdakl] l 'iar-eTat:’ n.f wine {PJ
dokjh’l n.m. interference , possession
W ) meddling . access , admission skill
knowledge jlii^rdakh' l-atdziz! adj meddle-
interfering ^jl/Jftdakh'l-ohda'a n.f inter-
ference meddling- (fafjdakh'l-o be-ja' ‘/tfVjTi
dakh'l-t na-j 3 "t{ nm. trespass unlawful
possession interference meddling
dojsh’l bil-jafi'r n.m. forcible possession j* Jp>
do l& l pa' no v.i. have access gain admis-
sion obtain possession &tfJtZ${y>dakkl dor
ma'qoclat' n.m. meddling : uncalled for inter-
ference l 'J&ifJ&ZJfcdakh'l dor ma'qoolst' kor'na
v.t. meddle (with) poke one’s nose into
others affairs dt’na v.t. interfere

possession dakkfl-damaM mm. writ

of possession, document giving right of occb-
pancy dajgd-jib' ho'na v.t. enter get
righti (over) obtain possession /VlJfidakh’l-ja'bi
N.r. entry right (to) obtainmgpossessionfA)
^ da^h'mah n.m. Zoroastrian graveyard (P)

•

| aA1W'n.m. penetration shoving to
entry (A - doublet of jfa J
lA dakhW adj. having influence (with or
CC over) occupying; possessing admitted
interfering adopted (word) jy^rdakhlt'
kdr n.m. occupancy tenant £y^%daktet'-ka’ri
n.f. hcreditory occupancy (of agrarion land)
fyffidaktor ho na v.t. A «. interfere
(neddle "•&/ mt * (behOt)

dak/of ho’na v.i*. have (great) influence (with or
O'er) LA-^]
jj dad n.m. beast of prey (P)

|jj da' da n.f. governess

. dudhar', £/*)) dsdhll' adj. milch (animal)

animal giving much milk ( -*>»*)} .

. dttd'dknx n.m. double gain
JT'* dad'dhor log' na (or ho'na) v.i. have one’s
cake and cat it too

a .did’dhi n.f. teat : pap a herb with connivance dar'-gu tor knt 'nZ v.i.

L milky sap forgive; pardon overlook connive (at)

fadkyal' n.f. fathci's family (of someone) dar'rgi’ Zarna v.t. give up quit give

1 ! up as lost hope L .j[/j^ke dar-maysn' adv.

Z, dad'ya khis'r n.m. spouses paternal
/ X** grand faiherg/l^ijj dad'ya sas spouses
paternal grandmother [ ~ bb]

*/) dar n.m. door gate preF. in into
about JZij> dar-a^mad n.f. (pi..
dor-amadaf) impon>Li;>U> dar- a' mad bars' mad

n.f. (pl. dar-zmada! l-o bar-nmdal')

import and export tbrdar o' m' v.t. enter :
force entry into penetrate ' succeed
dar-aiyJdrJ adj. & n.m. slanderer backbiter

lfoi*br dot Qfida ’& n.f. slander backbiting

dar-bab" dar-ba rah prop, about adv.
with regard to ^ y >dar-ban’ n.m. doorkeeper ;
gatekeeper jointer j^yjdar' ba-dar' adv. lead-
ing a miserable life from dooi to door ; from
pillar to post ; driven from one place to another

up as lost hope jjisj’^ke dar-mayan' adv.
between among in the centre (of)
amidst ; midst j in the midst of ybfidarmayn'nah
adj. central middle middling so so
fj) i/U. jidarmaya nah dar'jah (ped. -dara'jah.) n.m.
inter." class (railway compartment, etc.)^^*
darmayani adj. central middle midd-
ling soso mean (of two qualities) jljJjs*
da' r-o diva)' n.m. every nook and comer
dar-ifi' eke xhak' ixt. undoubtedly too tnu-
why not (P]

f y dar n.m. rate llPyJ</<tr lags' na v.t. charge at
^ the rate of

f ^ dar suf. tearing piercing^.* </<t'ri suf.

tearing piercing [Prd^l .

• . dUr' int. be off fie upon youC*-^^,; »>.
„ dir^dir (pkit' pkit) n.f. cries, of shame

• * ' « \ • ■ --

dar' ba-dar' phir'na v.t. go from door lyloiJ^Zdfj^jyfdtr dir (pkif pkit) kar'na v.t. drive

to door be driven from pillar to post lead
a tramp’s life/^i JirjAyjdar' ba-dar' khak' ba-sar'
ph. miserable leaving a miserable life
du%r&cc<l jsjj da r-bah'di n.f. lock-out«/yyrfor-
par’dak adv. . by undcrlrand means' secretly
privatcly(» fea^ke dar-pai' ho’ nit v.t. be
tfter^ pursue be in search of press
^■e^^nfdar pa-t azar' ho'nS v.t. harass
dar pa" e jan' ho'na v.t. be deadly enemy (of)
be intend on killing (someone) Jr£,.j</tfr/>«/i’
adv. facing ; confronting placed before ;
under consideration under trial before ;
in front (of) placed be fore tyi/i/rdar pesh ho'na

v.t. face ; confront happen ; occur be*

fall_ be under trial be under consideration

£>**/> dar haqi'qat adv. in fact ; as a matter
of fact undoubtedly conj. the fact of the

away ignominiouslylj^y.x/ur' dir ho'na v.:. be
driven away ignominiously
fj} diet (rare dir' rah) n.m. {pl. yyfdu'rar) pearl
(J&jjj dur-ofspati' adj. eloquent VjftJ&frdir-
ofshat ho'na v.i. speak eloquen tly ^ gji,) dvr-
afsha'ni n.f. eloquence utteranee jlj&s*

dir'r-r shak-car' (or di'r-e) N.M. large pearl of the
fint wjiter ; pearl worthy of kings gj/ytdur'r-e
maknoon' (or di'r-e) n m. hidden pearl pearl
of the first water dur'r-e ns-s J'lah (or
di'r-e) n.m. unbored pearl viigin

omideration under trial before ; di'r-e na'jafjiw di'r-e) n.m. precious Najaf stone
(of) placed be fore tyjjysdar pesh ho'na for beads dur'r-e yaffm' (or di'r-e)U£,) dur'r-e
face ; confront happen ; occur be- yak-la' (or di'r-e, n.m. matchless pearl [A] ~

be under trial be under consideration dar a' n.f. bell caravan bell

’ar kaqi'qat adv. in fact ; as a matter baii'g-e data n.f. ringing of caravan bell

undoubtedly conj. the fact of the call for march (P
is dZo^/jdarfihas’t n.f. application * f jy dir'raj km. partridge [A]

I rPfl ll/vct lv«i sisirtrliX c*/ f/a'itTf \r air

matter is iZvfj&jdarphas’l n.f. application
petition request Cv&pifdarkhasU de'na v.i,

apply ; submit an application petition ;
file a peiiuon(jl/t,eJiK)ejofiC>'lyr f jdarkhas't-
dehihdah' (or kSnih'dah or gizar') n.m. appli-
cant «■ petitioner v/<ZS\fjidarkhast kar'nav.l.
request implore apply jjryjjlar'-kk&r adj.
fit for worth l&M/tdar'-khir-e et'tina adj»

jls) darar' n.f; creak ; erack ; fissure : rent
*

* I J daraz' adj. & affix, tall high
long extended outstretched spread
out sprawling iZ^jlfdaraz'-dast adj. high-
handed ; oppressive • tyrannical (f^jftdaraz'-
das'ti n.f. high-handedness ; oppression ; tyranny

y ~ aUJ I) A,P| lll^ll a IUlIIUCUlK03 J Vp|IIV93»U.i ; Itltll.llt

worthy of attention'; worth notice j£,> dar-kar' adj.' tali'

ADJ. of life; useful wanted ( ly) ; needed (ly) of high stature Hjj^daraz' kar'na v.t.~ pttt-
dar-kar' na ho'na v.i. be of (no) use to ; long ; lengthen stretch sprawl £fjjladaraz-
be (not) wanted b\ jt/yi dar-knnar' adv. apart gosh n.m. (rare) hare adj. long-eared V/fsfadoraz'

what to say of j^tdar'-gi'za. n.f. pardon I ho’na v.i. lie down take rest lie with

304

;!/>»

logs tpnwKngjjtfJljzaiM .darat- adj. impudent;
P* rt ; ($ jjjfjfizabah-da r a ci n.f. impudence;

saurincss ; l y jdars '& nj. height tallness
length extension stretching [P]

jl jm ar “* n.m. drawers ; underwear
panties drawers (of table, etc.) [E]
datrak' adj. sagacacious keen-witted

~2i dar alt'll n.f. sickle AX /ft
£/ ^ halh/tura aur darah'ti N.M.

PL. hammer and sickle n.m. J>

these as symbol of Communism

dan' him n.m. (pl. of dirham n.m. if)

dara'jat n.f. understanding; knowledge
higher criticism [A]

| darb&r' n.m. (royal or saintly) court
(royal or saintly) audience; lover
shrine mausoleum prominent citizen’s
gathering to meal bureaucrat (^j^ydarba r~t
kkas n.m. private audience ‘meeting of
ruler’s privy council (fj^ydarbax-dari n.f.
attendance at royal court courtly manners
sycophancy vJtfjlijkjdarbar'-dari kar'na v.t.
dance attendance upon (\ fj^darba'r-e ‘am' n.m.
General audience ; public* audience
darbsr' kar'na (or laga'na) v.t. hold a court
1 $jkj> darbur' lag'na v.t. (of court) be held
(of people) gather at saints shrine,
darbtfri n m. courtier one entitled to* a
seat in bureaucrats’ gathering adj. courtly
(of idiom or language) chaste • polished court
[*)

»• . da’ rat n.f. name of a musical mode (as
* opposed | to iSvfibilam 'pal n.f.)
g,/J dur'j n.m. casket [AJ

dar'j n.m. entry ; writing ; recording Vjfai
O' dar'j kar'na v.t. Write ; enter ; record ;
register insert include llffi'tftnam' dar'j
kar'na v.t. enrol enlist admit
dar’j ho'nU v.t. be entered in a book ; be
record ; be registered ; be written be inserted
be included [A]

darjan n.f. dozen [E]

^ dar’j ah (ped. da' rajah) n.m. (pl. &\f,3
darajat') degree angle ; degree of a
circle mark point suge class ; grade
compartment plight rank; sUtus jpjkjp)
dar'ja ba-dar'jah adv. gradually , by degrees
step by step according to one’s status

upgrade honour
degrade dis-

Up /J&Jdar'jah barha'na v.t.

^y^jdarjah ghata' na v.t.
grace [A] .

darakk't n.m. tree l 'lP J ^3 darakh't ru
^ v.i. plant a sapling [P]

..^ darakh' shaft adj. shining ; luminous
O OV resplendent brilliant /t ^jdarakhsha ni
N.F. brilliance splendour (P ~ cl*r£]

D. i, £ dara kksh . it .' dah adj. shining glitter-

_t*i 's? j n g splendid JJkS^darakhshih’dagi
n.f brightness ; refulgence splendour

j • dar-khas't n.f (see under \j> n.m. &

SUF. *)

jj'y) dar’-khUr adj (see under y y if)

dar'd n.m. pain , ache affliction

grief pity commiseration } jT)yidar‘d-

alooi' , •rfi/sfdar'd amei adj. painful
grieved touching • pathetic dar'd

amt’zt n f. pitiableness y^ 3 y>dar‘d-t sar' HJt.
headache vexation J-^ydar’ d-t shi'kam N.m.

colic pain stomach trouble Vjyji dar'd
kar'na. v.t. pain ache feel compassion
for t )J)j*dar‘d-t gur'dah n.m, kidney pain ; renal
colic Xsjjj dar'd- maftd adj. sympathetic
compassionate n.f. sympathy;
compassion ^J^j^dar' d-nttk’ adj. sad
touching ; pitiable heart-rending ^jy^ydar'd-
na'ki n.f. sadness pitiableness byfy^y dar'd

ho'na v. pain; ache IsM. bt-dar'd adj. hard-
hearted callous pitiless; cn»cl(ft;*g be'~dar'di
n.f. callousness cruelty adj. (col.) cruel
(beloved) [P]

. dat'd n.f. sediment ; dregs (\r£*s*4AT’d-t
^ feh-e jam' n,f. lees (PJ

dar'dara adj. coarsely ground

dsr'* n.f. crack creak ; fissure

dar'gl n.m. tailor ; seamster dress-
Oy* maker (jjy)dar'zan n.f. seamstress ;
sempstress dress-maker tailor’s wife [PJ

dor's n.m. lesson lecture £o(J^ydar ’ t
yd) dt'na v. teach instruct give a
lesson or lecture gj^ydar' s-gah n m. educa-
tional institution school college alma-

ma ter & dor's le'na v.i. learn take a

lesson (fyjdar'si adj. instructional educa-
tional [A]

^/da'ras (or da'rs) n.m. (dial.) look , view sight
Uy<y Ci&fj^jda'ra* AUu'na v.t condescend

X05

UJ>

m appear (before) [S]

— j durust' adj. correct true right
^ fit ; proper safe sound good ; well
repaired rectified set right inperfect
Order vXz^dVrusl' kar'na v.t. correct
rectify set right put in order mend ;

repair adjust ty£*£durdsj' ho’na v.i. be
set right be corrected be mended be

repaired be rectified be adjusted be put

in order n;f. correction

amendment reformation repair mend-
ing rectitude adjustment accuracy [P]

^ t> duriish'i adj. harsh stern fierce
coarse ; rough ^^durush’ti n.f.
hardiness severity sternness fierceness [P]
dar'shtm n.m. (dial ) look ; sight ; view
** (jffydar' sham adj. (of bill of exchange)

payabje at sight worthseeing specious

fharii hub'dl n.f. bill of exchange
payable at sight [S] . .

A diraf'sk n.m. flag ; ensign; banner fy>0(JyJ
ijs) diraf'th-t kauiya'nl n.m. legendary ensign
of Iran [P]

f dar'k n.m. understanding comprehen-
sion secret approach [A]
jtfy) dar-kar' adj. (sec under n.m. & suf. ★)

t# s dargak' n.f. shrine (saint’s) mauso-
(pun, royal court ffi&darga'h-e mo‘al'la
n.f. elevated court [P]

dur'gat n.f. ill-treatment maltrcat-
ment rough handling unfavourable
response vf&Ci dur'gat kar'na v.t. maltreat
ty&Z’dar'gat ho'na v.i. be maltreated [ -cf \
dar-gH'gar n,f. (see under n.m. & suf. -A”)

('> d'iram n.m. (same as n.m. *fr)

.. darmati (col. ^ idar'man ) n.m. cure ; re-
' rwdy (JbiJL-tsfdar'd-t bt-darmah' n.m.
incurable malady [P]

•i dar-msti’dah adj. helpless distressed
* J miserable J^lf/idar-mak'dagi n.f.

helplessness distress misery [P~

I dar-ma'hah n.m. monthly payment ;
(monthly) salary [P~ y)+ »l]

[fOi dUr'matl n.m. &.adj. fool

V . JUr'muf n.m. hand implement levelling
macadamized nmkC$?^gfdUr'mlif diala'na
v i level (road) with that implement.

ADJ.

daman n.m. (same if)

. dar-mayan' (lit. also dar-mayah') n.m. ib
U- ^ darmaya'nah adj., darmaya 'id At
(see under n.m. & suf. if) *

. . darifidok , jfjidaritd n.m. (pl .$£/»

datin' dagan) beast of prey adj.
rapacious ; ravenous ferocious beastly
inhuman fyfijjdariti dag\ n.f. rapacity

beastliness ferocity (P~ > j,

ft 4 dir alt g' n.m. delay hesitation u/L&>
diraiig' kar'na v.i. delay hesitate
dilly-dally [PJ

gjlyyj darua'zoh n.m. door gate

(CfefiA'jkiijll'fdarva'iah bald' kar'na (er
tdur'na) v.i. close or shut the door bj*
darva'zah khatkhfa'na v.i. knock at the door
OAfjlWdarva'&h kkol'na v.i. open the door
CflV-^y^i^darva'it kSmaf'ti U d&l'nu v.t.&i.
pay frequent visits (to) m

. da'r-o bas't adj. whole ; entire £*%>?**
*-*'•*</* da'r-o bas’t hUqooq' ph. all right and
title whatsoever

. darood' n.m. blessing.; benediction

salutation prayer

darood' bkfj'n a (or parh'rm) v.i. invoke God’s
blessings on the Holy Prophet [P] f s,

Ljydarogh' n.m. lie; falsehood

darogh' bar gar' dan-e rj'rt pm. I accept no
responsibility for the report darogh ’-hal'fi

n.f. perjury swearing falsely
darogh’-kal’fi kar'na v.i. perjure swear
falsely fijyjdarogt' -go n.m. Viarj&LjJififljJfyt
darogh'-go ra hafizah na ba'shad prov! falsehood
has no legs to stand upon fi^ss* darogh'-go"t n.f.
lying ; falsehood [P]

. , darooh' adv. in within n.m. in-
Os* side heart conscience [P]

JpJ darvuh' n.m. mendicant , dervish ,
LO'> ‘calender 1 saint student under-
going a course of Islamic education *L£*£*>
darvtsha'nah adj. dervishlike poor un-

assuming saintly yrt^dant'fM n.f. poverty
mendicancy saintliness disgust of l»y

life

da'rah (or dar'rak ) n.m. pass ; mountain
^ pass ; glen ; lane valley
V/J dUr’rah (ped. dir'rah) njm. whip ; scourge
[P]

r g^y dad rah n.m. (same as n.m. +)

306

%>'

dir’kam, (*,) di'ram n.m. drachm
t small silver eoin ; drachm ; drachme
money j is >)(£/> dir' ham-o dinar' n.m. pl. money
[A~G]

» da r' -ham adj. jumbled confused;

P confounded upset fi/.fadar'-ham

tar' -ham adj. topsy-turny jumbled

confused ; confounded disarranged upset
lying in a state of mess dar'-ham

bar' -ham kar'na v.t. upset dar'-ham

bar'-ham ho'na v.i. be upset lie in a state
of a mess [P]

* * da'fi n.f. cotton carpet ; ‘durrie’ bed
cover

, da'ti n.f. tame of an old Persian dialect
name of the chaste Persian spoken in
Tajikistan [P]

I . darya' n.m. river (lit. & rare) sea ;
m* waters by (Lj) darya' u'tama v.i. (of river)
recede x/lyi darya' -bur' d adj. (of land) diluvial;
washed away by the river n.f. diluvium
inundated £lfjfj/ t ljidarya'-bUr'd ho ja'na v.i.
(of land) be washed away by river Cafel/t darya'-
tfaark'na v.i. (of river) be in spate ; inundate
(jij»j>darya'-dil adj. large-hearted generous;
liberal municificent magnanimous J^jdarya'-
diti n.f. largeheartedness generosity ;

liberality ; munificence magnanimity

Jjfsidarya' koo'ze met bahd' kar ha
v.i. say much in a few words attempt the
impossible kar darya’ mehial'

prov. accept no return for the good' you have
done yP-£S~j£fop(J^»darya' mtfi raik-na ma'gar -
maffak’ st bair prov. it is hard to reside in Rome
and quarrel with the Pope darya' -e shor'
n.m. sea ; ocean jy’£~i j }j£ , 0boo'r-e darya' -t
tkor' adv. overseas n.m. transjxnrtation (for life)
y Jj>jjdarya"i adj. aquatic ^marine

riverain ; riverine ; riparian darya" i

'ra N.M. hippopotamus ; hippo [P]

n.f. discovery inquiry
investigation detection discernment

Kj&jt/^dar-yaf't kar'na v.t. discover find
out inquire investigate detect to
discern ascertain V{£Pj>sidar-yaf't ho’na v.i.

be discovered be detected be ascertain-
ed belbundontl~'^+ e f* r ^]

V . darya' ’i n.f- starting pull given to kite

V-S* a kind of silk cloth now out of fashion 8 !
adj. (see under n.m. it)

^Jdoriboh n.m. betet-market

& dari'eftak n.m. window casement [P]

dariz' kj printed muslin

ft .,) dart'dah adj. tom rent ufiUjidari'da-

*• da'han adj. impudent ; pert; saucy

[P~ 1

\K.y iare ' r * NM - (dial.) forceful current
v* . (of river) downpour
it" 0 ;} darats' adJ. fallen in line alert
** v/(fysdarai' si kar’na v.t.A i. line,

dress level ground [~E dress]

If daregh n.-m. regret grudge denial;

refusal hesitation int. ah ; alas bt^fr
dartgh' a'na v.i. rue; regret [^jj^sdareg h' rakk'na
v.t. be grudging in with hold from; refuse
hesitate bJg/jdarefj}' kar’na v.t. be grudg-
ing in withhold from * sigh regret

doing ; refuse [P] .

•y . daryoo' zah n.m. beggary; beggingXv^
daryoo' za-gar n.m. beggar medicant
nJ.u. j> daryoo' za-gar'i n.f, beggary ; beg-
ging mcndican [P]

\)r darta,^*fdar'bahNM. pigeon-house
• (dove : )cote (hen-) coop

tfljiyy dar bar a'na v.t., give the lie to

•

dar ah' ga n.m. long step baste

v'J) darahgelaga'na v.i. leap rove
baste

• . doz'd n.m. thief ; burglar robber ;
highwayman ; footpad dOz'd-e kina'
n.m. spot missed by henna in dying hands, etc.
(S»j>dUz'di n.f. theft burglary robbery
iujjjdOzdi'dah adj. stolen pilfered sly
< ilPbjjitipJjduzdi'da-na’zar (or -nignh’) n.f. sly
look side glance adj. looking askance at
< fftissjfduzduda-rnga’hi n.f. sly looks look-
ing askance [P] /fs.

Vdas AD}.<en^bjJyirfdas' gazklzaban' n.f.
* pert ness ; sauci ness
utgliyah da shh tkiragh ph. accomplished (young
lady)

dasallr' n.m. constitutions (of countries)
(rare) modes ; methods [A ~ sing. J*\
Jj[/ydisa'var N.M. foreign country foreign
marketf^sL tjdisa’vari foreign import-
ed n.m a superior quality of ‘betel ^leafti^tfj^^
disa'van mat' n.m. imported stufT [-'tfrf]
t'jj das'pana,&dyjdast‘panah’ n.m. pair of
tongs |P»s«<^ + *1^1

'"/ Aasi v.Mp watery motion animal’s
^ fordegVjfcxWoj'taW adj. purgative ;
cathartic

m*

J

t dost N.m. hand cubit power ^2*6
das't a mot' trained (bird)jy'jc£r , jtfmur’$h-e
das't-amoz^ n.m. (fig.) stooge decay ‘j)PS>

m. f. it i'lC^idast a'na v.i. have a watery motion

(fyjtZjdas't-oida'zi n.f. interference
exercise of authority cognizance tfitfjfilzMfffi

qabi’l-t.das't-Zhda'3 -e pulls' adj. ^cognizable

(offence) \[/(fjjil~S)das1-a1id a' £i kar'na v.t.
interfere exercise the authority das't

ha-das' t adj. hand-to-hand (fight etc.) b'yteCS)
das't ba-d»‘a’ ho'na v.i. pray das't-bUr’d n.f,

usurpation exploitation extortion
wicroachrnc das't-bUr'd se

hafk'tm (or mahfooz raih'na ) v.i. escape being
exploited by tyjbyf's dai't-bar-dar' ho’na v.i.
quit; give up reliquieh retire abstain
(from) wash one’s hand withdraw (from)

. renounce (fjijfldas't-bar-da'rl n.f. with-
draw) renunciation j^Cyzdas’t-bas’ldh adv.
humbly respectfully with folded hands
ItJjf'J &s tdas't bo' si khr'na, Cjfj^&Sjdas't-bcs'
ho'na v.t. kiss the hands (of) ; to' salnte»li’»2>6
das' t-ponah' n.m. (rame,as Csfy*) kudos' t-khat

n. m. signature I'Jjigsdas'i-khat kar'na v.t.

sign endorse J&^fdas't-kha'tl adj. signed

endorsed J?*^jftcr-das' t-]iha'Tt mm. the
undersigned Sodas' l-t khUd dahz’n-e khSd

ph. help yourself (or yourselves) to itj^>C»tf|
das’t-daraz' adj. indulging invidence
oppressive violating Jjt,{zs$das'l-dara’& n.m,
violence oppression violation (of honour
etc.) Vjtfjl>£/ / )das't- data' til kar’na v.t. indulge
in violence oppress violate (the chastity of)
ij^y^sdast'-ras n.f. reach power
das't-* shifa' n.m. kill in medicine t^iSf^das'l-e
fjhaib' n.m. supernatural financial help to saints
(usu. in form of money found under prayer-mat
etc.) *^jSc*^das't-* qUd'rat n.f. providence
nature’s work ability j&%das'l-kar n.m.
handicraftsman artisan (jji&jdas't-ka'n n.f.
handicraft needlework »4^fd as't-gah’ n.f.
skill ; ability tf/cridas' t-gar 1 dab n.m. current

loan ; loan for a very short ttTxn^^jdas' t-gir'
nM. helper also^&J-^/ij'r-r das't-glr'
appellation of the well known saint Hazrat
Abdul Qadir Jilam (^jfc-fZas' i-gl’ti n.f. help
das' #■«' gar adj. ** dependant (pit) in
need; needy tyj\sJS&4das' t-o girt' bah ho'na v.t
be engaged in combat

• dasta’nah

adj. available Ijfi-'l^rfiir't tab ho'na v.i. be
■* • • •• * . . **

available (with) be procured (i\fsdas’t-ya'bi
n.f. availability procurement^t^'rfar't-j’a'rt
n.f help ; support [P]

das tar' n.f. turban (fjujjP'sdastar'-boh’di
convocation function for
honouring (learned man, student, etc.) by tying
turban round his head giving academic
robes (to student) on qualify final examination
such function for formalizing succession
dasta'r-t fo&'lat n.f. turban of honour
a diploma at Convocation) [P]

n.m. glove gauntlet

. das't-avez' n.f. document deed
Jk tv bond certificate note
das' /-aw' z-t intiqal' n.f. transfer deed

mutation certificate [iJbtf/jP'sdas' t ave'z-t bat
bU-oafa n.f. deed of conditional sale Cfp'jiP’s
das't-aoe'z-* zema’nat n.f. bail-bond
das't-aoe'z-e Iada , 'o a n.f. deed of renunciation
'■£jP , > ( fTja t 'b das’t-avez' n.f. forged document
(P ~ hand +e$7hang]

. •*, dds'tarkhan' n.m.

table cloth piece
of doth spread on ground for tn/P'*

serving dishes on meals thus
served dishes das' tarkhan bi&pa'na

v.t. lay die table vtoSyifftsdastarljhan baiha'na
v.t. clear the table [yty^^pp'fka dos’torkla*
khD'la ho'na v.i. keep open house ; be liberal in
entertaining (P]

/ das' Ink n.m. knock (at the door) Cs%.Js»
das'tak de'na v.t. knock at the door
dos'taki n.f. note-book . falconer’s glove
handle (of trunk, etc.)

JT* _ y dastoor ' (or dUstoor') N . M. ( Fi-yZbSj dasztttr')
* ) constitution custom ; manner; mode

fashion procedure usage practice
rule; regulation code; manual^i^J^-^aj/oe’r-a
as a' si n . m . constitution rules and regula-
tions if'ijS^tidstoo'r-ul * a'mal n.mv rules of
procedure ‘modus operandi’ rules and
regulations code ; manual j [sj p~fdastoor' -sUz
adj . constituent (assembly) jL*,j^i^/dfmqj'Hs-«
dastoor’-saz n.f. Constituent Assembly
das loo' rt adj. constitutional customary n.f.

(broker’s or servants) commission was
perquisites [A ~ PJ

r» _ y das'tah n;m. handle kheat of twenty

-d four hilt quire (of paper) (arrow)
bouquet or nosegay (of flowers] detachment
(of army) squadron (of aircraft) (police)

308

tf>

posseor contingent pestle das' I -e gul,

£-^jfgul das’-tah n.m. bunch of flowers
nosegay <bouquct [PI

^ das' ft adj : by hand manual hand-

le * prepelled stand n.f. portable torch
portable pen-case handled vessel name of
wrestling trick physical exercise with hands
pressed each against the other handkerchief
[F~ ii^hand]

disam'bar n.m. December [E]

S’

9 dawihrah, J/fydasaih'ra n.m. Hindu
festival of tenth Ranvar’ at which
Ceylonese ruler Ravana’s effigies are burnt in
public [S]

// dastsa-ka’ri n.f. intrigue fraud

W , l P ~ A i

dash' t n.m. desert arid plain
+ \ wood ; forest jungle dash't-paima,'
dash't-gar'd, {jJjZSy dash' t-navar' d n.m.„
wanderer traveller fljfi^dash'l-paima'’ijflfci?'j
dash't-gar'di (S5)£%dasht-naiar' cti n.f. wander-
ing travelling across the desert ; desert-travel
y^jdash'tt adj. wild savage forest ; of
the forest [P]

jt* dush'man n.m. |nemy; foe adversary;
Cf * antagonist k{j^Zd ush'mau ger-'e pa int,
(on wearing new pairs of shoes) may your foes
be tramplled by your foes p t^ J^sdusW.

man so"e na so'ne de prov. an enemy is a con-
stent j s' niidUsh’ man n.m. deadly

enemy ; mortal foe (/ytfjdi'li diish' manm.M. an
enemy at heart ; a hidden enemy (j^jdush'mani
n.f. enmity^ hostility malice ; hatred ;
rancour C^fjfidush'marii pax’na v.i. (of enmity)
be bred (between) 0 rffc Sjd Ush’mani $al'na v.r.
sow seeds of enmity [P]

dushnam' n.f. abuse ; invective swear
I word tyftefdushnam' ilrag' adj. foul-
mouthed (fjlpfi'ydush'tiam-iiragj, n.f. burling
abuses of swearing at resort to abusive langu-'
««etP]

dash'nak n . m . dagger [PJ

. iyt* dUxjmr' adj. difficult hard
* arduous ^gJjljhdOshvar’ ,to yth' hai ph.
the difficulty is; the trouble is (fjlj'jdushva'ti n.f.

difficulty hardship [P]
r. da' a' n.f. (pl. ad' l iyah) prayer

invocation wish blessing ; benediction
compliments regard’s \y^Jndo l a-t khair’ n.f.
blessing ; benediction bless U> iff do' a dt’na v.i.
give a \Atismgfo\f)do‘a' salam salutations

regards ; compliments i^^ksdo'a' salam' kaih'na
v.i. send one’s compliments (tol&Ufy do'a'
mafig’na v.i* pray ; invoke blessing fifjdo‘a'-go
n.m. well-wisher one who prays for^kj
do'a'iy’yah adj. benedictory comprising
prayer aiy'yah kalimat' N.M. pl. bene-

dictory words bad do' a imprecation
curse ; anathema [A]

,/ i.da'a'vl n.m. pl. law-suits demands

^ claims [A ~ sing. &f>]

** da" vat n.f. treat ; feast banquet

“ repast entertainment invitation
convocation call da"vat-e jafig n.f.

proclamation of ' war jjtfC/ ft da" vat-t shirag’ n.f.
homely repast fc£>/ida' , vat-e sul'h n.f. call for
peace 1 l/£sf)ia"vat kar'.na v.t. invite give
a feast ; throw a party^j^ da"vat-e vali’mah
n.f. post-marital feast at groom’s house [AJ
e, da"va n.m. law-suit charge ; accusa-
O'* tion pretension claim demand
assertion reiteration {JfA/(j[frda‘'va-t bt-dakhlli
n.m. action for dispossession ; ejectment suit
(J*jlk$/bda‘'ua bi-la dalil,’ n.m. unsupported

claim Kk'fyjyda 1 'vs jama’na v.t. assert one’s claim
l‘/%}k$f)da"va kha'rij kar'na v.t. dismiss a
suit jUfjda‘'ve-dar' (arch. jlj(jffida"oa-dar') n.m.

claimant plaintiff pretender (to some

offic t)j&iffjda i 'va-e sh f‘ah n.m. pre-emption
claim yf lfPda"va-e , maih'r (ped. mah'r) N.M.
claim to dower i£?\zj{fpda i 'vZ't vira'sat n.m,
claim to inheritance (ff'jl&be-ja da"va n.m.
baseless assertion ; unfounded claim
Za"id- : Ul-rni‘ad da’va n.m. time-barred claim [AJ
i • da'g ha n.m. fraud ; deception ; deceit
» * delusion treachery betrayal treason

desertion Jilffda'gha-bag’ adj. deceitful ;
fraudulent betraying treacherous betrayer
traitor imposter (f jl If* da' gha-ba'zl n.f.
trickery deceitfulness ; fraud treachery
betrayal imposture da gha de'na (or

kar'na) v.t. deceive ; defraud to cheat act
treacherously betray [PJ
ClkJSJ daghdagha'na v.t. glitter flush
daghdagha'hat N.F. glitter
flush m

• * Jagh'dagha (col. tfjsdag'daga) n>m. fear;

dread ; danger ; apprehension tumult
n.f. . a kind of small candle

, da'gha! n.m. hypocrisy ruining the
^ party- from inside aih'l-e da'ghal N.M.

pl. false adherents to cause {A]

309

L?) dagh'na v.i. (of gun) be fired

l&daghi'la adj. rotten spotted [ - £, y|

daf n.m. ‘dap ; a small tambourine il/<zu
da/' baja'na v.i. play on the small tam-
bourine ; play on the ‘daP^ti* dafli n.m. ‘daf’
player

/lii dnfa'tir N - M ; PL- offices departments
[A~sing^>>]

f^lpydi/a 0 ft. M. defence JV) dif a ‘i adj. defence

(A <v Q/3 ] i

daf an', tfl/jtf’da'fa daf an', %'jjjjdoor daf an',
ji)tj\)>dafari door’ adv. & int, (dial.) be olT
fyyllfJ daf an' ho'na v.i._(dial.) be off make
(oneself) scarce (~A#>corr.]

{ylfjrfafa'in n.f. pl. buried treasures [A ~ sing.
$)]

daf Car. n.m. (pl. yfo daf atir) office

/ ' department establishment volume
tome long letter register record
daf Cart adj, official beaurocratic n.m.
book binder stationery keeper; official in
charge Of stationery daftarl hukoo'mal

N.F. bureaucracy daf 'lari karrava ”» n.f.

leal-tape ; action in line with official procedure
pS daf It n.m. straw board boards for
v * using the two sides of book’s binding
£ daf" n.m. „ warding off prevention
C/ repulsion iaf’-Ul-vaq’ ti n.f. beguil-

ing the time ^ iff 3 da' fa dafm\ADV. & int. (sec
under clfri adv. & inf. •£) daf' 1 kar'na v.t.

avert repel ward off prevent dis-
pel turn back rout send away
daf" ho'na v.t. turn back be driven away
be roured be recalled [A]

\ daf 'ah n.f. section ; clause ; article
turn time ; moment detachment^-*
daf a' lan adv. suddenly ; all -of a Sudden jlJdj
daf‘a-dar' (col. daft-dar) n.m. cavalry N.C.O.
‘Darfadar’ ka"i daf" ah, kit'nt daf ah

adv. repeatedly on several occasions [A]
^fiydaf iy'yah n.m. remedy prevention
*• repulsion end adj. curative
preventive [A ~ tfj)

dafn adj. buried ; interred n.m. (rare)
” ' burial; interment {Jufjdafn kar’na v.t.
bury ',ij[(j?jdafn ho’na v.i. be buried ; be inter-
nd'CCffda/na'na v.t. bury ; inter [A]

*p. dafi'nah n.m. (pl. ^\fjdafa"in) buried
^ treasure ; treasure-trove

? dig n.f. pulmonary ; tuberculosis ; con-
sumption ; hectic fever adj. vexed
pestered teased ; termented diq' k<t

mariz' N.M. tuberculous ; tubercular patient
l‘/(j>diq' kar'na v.t. tease ; torment to vex .
annoy t'jf diq' ho'na v.t. be vexel ; be

annoyed ; be irritated be teased ; be termented
-J&daqn-rq n.m. pt. ^minutes points

subtleties [A «* sing. *£A
fl diq' qat n.f. difficulty j trouble

intricacy ; abstruseness minute point ;
delicate point nicety ; subtlety

diq'qal mefi par'na v. to get into trouble*; to be
involved in difficulty Jp£$)diq'qal-t aa'zar n.f.

minuteness perspicacity [A]

,yj ’tV daqysnoo'ii adj, outmoded : obsolete

[ ~ A G Diogenes]

**yJ . daqiq' adj. subtle minute delicate

U., fine obstruse [A~prec.J

daqiqah n.m. (pl. ~J[»jdaqa"iq) minute
particle triffling matter delicate

question nicety darff qah fito’-

guzash't na kar'nn v. r. leave no stone unturned
(jjJfj datfi'qa-ras adj. quick-witted; intelligent

subtle ; shrewd (fjJhfijdatjd qa.-ra' si n.p.
subtlety shrewdness ;‘*quick-wittcdness [A -

$>-£>>}

t-iaS tokan’ (ped. dnkkm') n.f. {PL.(/.fodakakin)
^ * shop.(l%s</j£le,fytfd&ksn' barha'na (or baftd
kar'na) v.t. close the shop I'lfftflfiditkan chat Zina
v.i. run a. shop l^^yidukan' chal'na v.i. have a
good sale ; have thriving business ; have good
custom Jlifadukari-dar' (or du'kan-) n.m. shop-
keeper (fjtflfjdukan'-dTi'rt (or kan~) shopkeep-
ing business ll/y^dakan' kar'na v.i. run a
shop ; open a shop Oyf^tfidUkan' khol'.na v.t.
run a shop open (one’s) shop | i#tf\/}dukan ’
lagayia. v. open (one’s) shop [A]

/Chf» duk'ji n.f. two-horse carnage same

as.^>N.F. jfr

/L diikh, n.'m. suffering ; affliction misery
^ distress trouble V&tfjdukh- utha’na
v.i. bear pain be afflicted undergo
suffering UOfjddkh- bata'ua v.i. sympathise
(with) share (someone’s) sorrow
dukk bhar'na (or bhog'na) v.i. . suffer misfortune
labour i> }ji)dukh de'na v.t tomment

bring suffering dukk TQkh. n.m. pains

and pleasures ups and downs of life , vicissi-
tude of fortune Ijk If^jdlikh' ko tna. n adj.
miserable ; wretched afflicted unfortunate

unlyeky I’lfj dukhan*. v.t. hurl grieve
Ob) dukk’ na v.i. pain ache smart
diikh'ra n.m. suffering ; affliction grievance

310

(or dukh're) ro'tia v.l. vent
one’s grievance fs); tell one’s tale af wee dukld
adj. & N-M- (f. t^tdukh-'ya) adj. & n.m.

ijybodukhya’rof at>i. & n.m. (f. tfjlJjAD]. &
K-F. afflicted; in distress or pain sorrowful ;
sad

l‘f/1 dikhana v.T. show exhibit dis-
* . ' play evince (j{/jdikha»a, Jbjtfjdikhrfvat
n.f. show ostentation £ i^j dikhal'i n.f.
(rare) sight to '^Sidikha"! de'tw v.l. appear
be seen be sighted be able to see&yj(/r
dik&a'l na de'na v.t. not to be seen not to
be sighted be unable to see .be blind Cl)£}
dikhla'fia v.r. cause to show jjMjdikkfa'vd n.m.
(same as bbbN.M. ic)

tkX* dukk'ya n.m. . misfortunes ; calamities ;

troubles Ijjfipjdiikk’vn ro'na v. relate
foneis) tale of woes [ ~ J>] . /

I'llJj difala'na v.t. (see under (IsG V.T. yfc)

f da kan n.m. the Deccan south {/i
a * da karri adj. southern of the Deccan
N.F.JDld Urdu [ ~foll.} >

„ dak' khan n.m. south dafi’khaiit adj.
’ southern dak’khha n.f. southern Wind-
south wind

dak'll (fty ditk'rl n ,f. two (at cards) { ~ja]

iuga'nah n m. same n.m. (see under

v*>

) dug' da N-F (same as n.m. #)

iX

tfjfjdag'doga n m. (corr j^pjN.M. Jf)

(fjf) dugdUgi n.f. throat fyfjtfifjjdUg'diigi
meh dam ho'na v.t. be on “the verge of

death

f* di'gar adj. other another second
S) time adj. again (jJJ)dl’gar-gnofi adj,
altered ; changed deteriorated miserable
(of condition) likely to end in death [P]
dag’lah, (fj dag' la N.M. loose quilted coat

double twofold [ -j> +

• Hi ADJ

J ill n.m. heart courage mind
* wish r sotil conscience generosity ;
liberality magnanimity / y /Jj dil-ara adj.
heart adomer beloved n.m. sweetheart
dil-aram' ADJ. beloved heart soother n.m.
sweetheart Jjljjdil-aefir’ adj. heartbreaking
tormenting vexing cruet tf/jlJjdil-JtZa.'rl

n.f. heart-breaking torent vexations
cruel fffjjfJ’dU-T'Zur'dgt n.f. heart break-
ing ^sorrow 3 >jj'i))dil-aziir'dah (adj. & n.m. PI.

< jtfijj'drdil-aZur' dagc.ii ) sad broken hearted

ana v.t. fall in love (with) <ft/-
Svez' adj . attractive ; captivating, pleasing IfjjtJ)
dil-ave'zi n.f. attractiveness ; attraction ; allure-
ment Ctfjidil a'takna v.l. fallen in love (with)
be captivated (by) L'lfj.dil-Si’sa n.m. consola-

tion encouragement Isfcdila'ta delta v.t.

console encourage ljTt£b<J J dil U&a} ho'na,
(£fjjdil ueKatnd' V.I. be disgusted (with)
grow weary (of) L&Jjdil' u'mahdna v.l. Ibel like
crying jjftjdil a'var adj. & n.m. (i 'L. Jljf0»dila' ■
varati) bra ye courageous valiant bold;

intrepid (fijlfjdil-a’vart n.f. bravery courage

valour boldness ipterpidityt^^JcJb

dil hagj}' bagh' ho'na v.l. be highly pleased
dll bt\hdh!na v.t. encourage ' boik'na v.t.

be dispirited be disgusted /Jtdil'-bfiT N.M.
heart-rav islter beloved ; sweetheart adj.

’heart-ravishing lovely (fyJidil'-ba'rl n.f.
loveliness being a beloved HJUjj dil ,bu'r<*

kar'na v.i. be displeased be disperited
take (something) ill ; take offence hf t l/Jj dil bu'f A
ho'na v.i, be displeased take offence ; take

untbrage be dispirited feel sick ; feel like

\6rni{mgtyz5t%(j *di!-bar-diidi tali h<f na v.r. be
disgusted (with) be fed up with ; have one *
heart in* pne’s boots Clatyjidil barha'na v.t. en-
courage J^lidil-bas'tgl n.f. attachment
love affection adj. affectionate j^’dil battd'
n.m. son j^jjlj/farzand-e dit-bafid' n.m. affection-
ate son $ar fi'iifi v.l. be on the verge

of weeping; feel like crying Cb/fjJ’dil' bha'Tjana
v.i. feci satrateef be sick of £l}*Jjdil'
baihla'na v.t. amuse divert entertain
WfjjdW bai'halnu v.i, be amused be
'‘diverted fcjgjjdil baith'ja'na v.i. (of heart)
sink have (one’s) heart in one’s month ji-ii
dil fiasand' adj. after (one’s) heart ^jd^paOi
adj. agreeable pleasant tfjfXjidil-pagf’it n.f-

agrceableness l+*^f(Jjdil phat'fla v.i. be grieved,
be shocked VA<)>dil phir'na v.i. be disgustl
cd feel sick (of) Cjfjidil pUhs'na v.t. fall
in love (with) be captivated by dil
l>b.er'na v.t. disgust effect a change of
heart O^jdil la'tapnrtv.i. be dying (for)
be* «inxious (for )u&>dil~t(ritg adj. nig-
gardly ; miserly ; close-fisted sad distressed
disgusted ffidil-tah'gi n.f. miserliness
distrust disgust \!jj\)jdil tox'na v.T. ' break

'someone’s) heart ; dishearten discourage
disappoint mortify tf/Jjdil toct'na v.l. be
heartbroken thuk'na v.t. be inclined

(to) Ilf (Jj dil ja'la adj. & n.m. afflicted (lover)
bold ; courageous lover dil-jam‘‘i n.f.
peace of mind ease of mind self-confi-
dence satisfaction ; consolation i^j^dit-
jam''i se adv. with confidence reassured
with all (one's) heart k’J'(f?sdil-jam' t i kar'na v.t.

ss’fcfy console Cftjydil jam'na v.l. (of
one’s heart) be set upon get used (to) fijfs
NiF> bid to please consolation
kar'na v.t. console try to

please l/‘L%(J)dil ctLiira’na . steal .the heart
abstain (from enterprise) show the white

feather evade ; avoid ; shirk steal the
heart (of) i^^dil-^ias'p ad ). interesting
pleasant; entertaining delightful charming
dil-ckas' pi n.f. interest entertainment
Cj{(jir£dil-(kas'pi lens v.l. take or evince
interest (in) (y^iJ'jdil-kharash’ adj. heart-rending
tf&dil-khsit'' adj. desirable dil

kh&h adv. as desired after one’s heart
Vjjj'd 3 dil kftush' kar'na v.t. & i. please I
gladden the heart (of) enjoy (oneself) *jiJj
dil-ds'duh n.m. lover Abj. loving adv. en- 1
amoured (of) in love (with) j (Jy dil-dar' n.m.
beloved ; sweetheart adj. charming ; captivating
< fjU>dil - dart n.f. solace friendship I
kindness cncouragemen t Mt/fy IJ) dil-dari kar'na

v.t, console encourage show kindness
CLfjJj dil dukhana v.t. hurt (someone’s) feelings
j J JydH-doz" adj. heartrending piercing
dil-do'ft n.f. heart-rending misery Cfyjy
dil-dai'haha v.t. be frightened ; have (one’s)
heart in one's mouth (Jtj}y dil' -debt n.f. solace
encouragement ty'tfljjdii-dthi kar’na v.t.
solace console comfort IsjJjdj}' dens v.t. lose
one’s heart (to) ; fall in love (with) tfyyjy dil
doob'nav.i. (of heart) sink feel enervated
be grieved (by recollection of some misfor-
tune) ijjdil-ruba' n.m. beloved ; sweetheart
a kind of guitar adj. alluring ; fascinating ;
bewitching ; ravishing dil-ruba"i n.f.

allurement ; charm djjydil rUk'na v.i.
be disgusted hot to feel a liking (for)£djJj
dil rakh'na v.t. console encourage tjJJydil'-
adah adj. sad Ui**(J } dil sambkal'na v.l. control
one’s feelings 2?y^y dil sokh'tah adj. suffering
grieved ; afflicted JzgPjdil-sokh'tagi n.f.
sorrow ; grief jj^y dil-svz' ai>j. pathetic ;
touching heart-burning Jjr^ydil-so'zi n.f.

heart burning sorrow; grief dil' se adv.
heart and soul se it' tarns v.i. be
banished (from one’s) heart y&J chi-shad' adj.
happy glad cheerful >^))dil-shikas' tah adj.

broken-hearted ; comfortless l y l ^fidil'-shi'kan adj.

heartbreaking grievous j^idil-shi'karA n.f
heart-break i^f/ijdil-fareb' adj. charming ,
fascinating alluring ; enticing lovely ;

beautiful ifrfiydil-fare' b\ n.f. charm ; allure-
ment fascination dil -f gar' adj. mourn-
ful grief-stricken Cl&fgl/Jjdil ka b&khar'

nikal'na v.i. vent one’s rage or feelings bl/tt/D*
dil’ ka'ra kar'na v.i. harden the heart
muster (one’s) courage dil' -k/lsh' ADJ.
attractive ; charming alluring ; fascinating
winning (ways) dil'-kushs' adj. pleasing;
delightful ; J^ydil’-ka'shi n.m. charm ; attrac-
tion fascination I'^thet^jy/'d 3 diV ko dil' se rs)t

ho' ns v.i. reciprocate (love, etc.) dil' ko

qarar' ho'na v.i. (of heart) be at ease $ /jyfiZb)
(bat) dil' ko lag' na v.i. (of matter) be convincing;
appeal to the heart falj&tjsdil kkat'ta ho' net v.i.
feel disgusted dil khat'ta mi'tka ho' no K

v.i. feel a longing for ( 'Jefjydit khil’na v.i. feel
happy Ckfjjdil khal'na v.i. no longer have any
reservation fatfjyjl) 3 dii’ ki dil' met raih'na v.i.
no* to be able give expression to one’s feelings
iJljJitfiJjdil ki lag' (or la'gt) n.f. loveVy*j&)t
dil ke pkopho'lt pkor'na v.i. rip up old sores j!*W
dil-gudaz' adj. touching; moving ; pathetic o»fyi
dil gur'dah n.m. courage ; guts yPy dil-gir' adj.
sad ; melancholy ; mournful tl^ydil-gi' fi n.f.
sorrow Cl&O’dil laga'nav.r. be amused (with)
fall in love (with) &?(Jjdil lag' ns v.i. be
amused (with) fall in love (with) J’Jrdil-la'gf
n.f. amusement jest ybj’Jjdil-h'fi baz"
adj. & n.m. jocose (person) I'/^Jjdil-la'gi kar'na
v.i. jest \2d)diUle'va v.t. captivate throw
a feeler (to) VA <()>dil mir’na v.t. curb one’s
passions 1‘kyjydil mar’ ja’ns v.i. (of passions)
be curled for ever itfej/j'yflydU masos’ kar raih
ja'na v.i. bear patiently ; suffer in silence
dil mil'na v.i. have mutual love find (some-
one) congenial 0}e/d>dil moh' leva v.t. charm ;
captivate (-/iLsJydil mai'la kar'na v.i. be grieved
l‘t<j£(J*dit' met a'na v.i. be thought k/ljfjfdi? met
it' lama v.i. find a response in the heart ; effect
dil’ met ja’gah kar’na vt. win the heart
of &j$filydit' met ekUt'kiyat le'na v.i. rouse in-
terest in the heart UfjSlfJldil' met (tor' bedfk’na
v.i. have misgivings (aboui)t%i ) £j.t<ft / mat fataa

’♦sT. suggest put it in someone's heart
fyfjlfdsdil' met rakh-'na v.t. keep something
secret” bear malice about l> l, js 'ldjtf ) »

dil met kat’fa S3 kha'takna v.i. rankle in the heart
C^o^JjdiT met kkil ’na v.i. charm ; captivate
lii(.ef(jiJjdil metl gi'rth par'm v.t. have had
blood between (i*y<j£{Jjdil met gai' jd’nd v.i.
charm li/pll^J^'jtJjdil met ghat' (or rah') kar'na
v.t, & j. charm become intimate
dil-nashih’ adj. impressive dil-nestnfi kar’na

v.t. impress upon the mind^jT^ j dil-navaz' adj.
kind.(iji/bdil-nava'el n.f. kindness j Ifjrfjdit' vdli
adj. generous ; brave tS-ybfyjdi'l-o jan u Apv.

willingly heartily^^jtf/j di'loh met far’q
ana v.i, be no longer mutuafly friendlyl<j££«?j:Jk
dil hoik' met le'na v.i. win the heart (of)
dil hat' ja’n'a v.t. no longer like fyrf)dil' hi Id' tin
v.t. move ; affect tyjidil hil’na v.t. be moved ;
be affected rfjjtfjjdir hi dil met adv. in
ones heart of hearts secretly JjtJzi^iek' dii'
ha kar adv. with one heart like one man
unitedly tfidi'li adj. hearty cordial[PJ
jjy dal n.m. army crowd thickness
** dal' ba'dal n.m. thick clouds (of)

.1 dulir' n.m. fondling; caress (usu. as)

■J"* payar' duldr 1 n.m. fondling WjdUla’ra',
dQla'ri adj. darling apple of (one’s) eye
Isllf&brtl j dala'ra N.m. darling son (fjlljfrlfraj
dvla'ri n.f. darling daughter
i , dilasa N.M. solace consolation
l’*' 1 *' ^-encouragement dt’na v.t.
solace console encourage tit
Jilt dal’ Ink n.m. masseur [A~ rj}i)

i.r dal' l al N.m. broker comission agent

U* 3 pimp ; pander J]}j dalla'lah n.f. pro-
curess ^ bdalla’li n.f. brokerage being

broker being a pimp procuring [A~foll.)
dolalat n.f. pointing out guidance
indication evidence ipj'^llidala'lat
kar'na v.t. point out denote ; indicate
guide be evidence (of) (A ~ J$]

••.j dil a'na v.t. to cause to give ; to cause to
I'^pay ; to assign ; to cause to yield ; to
put in.possession assign cause to pay

cause to give [ ~

4»la”i n.f. light quilt

sSi)ijl)}dal<t"i la'mdt n.m. Dalai Lama [Tib.)

J ut data" il n.m. arguments reasons
"'proofs [A ~ sino. 1

Uj dal' ha n.m. trained bird decoy

/j 3 dUUl’li n.f. (same as $>> do-lai’ti n.f. *>

dalid'dar n.m. penury misfortune
ominousness \;J'jy)jjb>dalid'dar door kar'na
v. r. end penury or misfortune (of)

. j i dat'dul n.m. (rare) hedgehog name
Sji) of the Holy Prophet’s mule received as
gift from Byzantiric governor of Egypt and given
away to Hazrat Ali

Jj j dal' dal n.f. marsh ; swamp ; bog; quagmire
JJj dal'dali adj. marshy ; swampy ; boggy
ifjJJ) dal'dati zamtii’ n.f. marsh swamp

j dal'q n.f patched garment sackcloth
as mendicant’s dress q-posh adj.

clothed in rags ; ragged n.m. mendicant [P]
rtf. dul’akna, dulakhma v.t. cross

(someone) in speech take exception
(to) ; object dul’kl n.f. trotyl; Clftfj dUl'Ift
ja’na (or gja/'n a) v.i. trot
|*j dal’tm v.t. split (pulse) grind coarsely
^ 3 CtJjdalva’na v.t. cause (pulse) to be
split cause to be ground coarsily ^ljtddta‘'i
n.f. remuneration for coarse grinding

dd'v n.m. (rare) bucket Aquarius [AJ

i*/ i , dilua'na v.t. cause to. be paid or given
~ l^JDOUBLE CAUS.J

J dal’ han n.f. bride newly wedded

Is * women [ ~ ifjj n.m. if ]

dil'i adj. (sec under Jj dil n.m. if)

i j . dal'ya n.m. , half-ground cereal por-
~ 3 ridge fah' fnqir' ‘al’ya

pakd'i thi k£lr~ho' gaya Jal'ya prov. misfortunes
do no come singly

J daler' adj. daring courageous

S* 3 brave valiant intrepid dalera'tah
adj. hold ADV. boldly ; bravely ;• intrepidly
Isjfij) I P l/l) dalerdnah iqdam' kar’na v.t. take a
bold Step (Itfj dde'ri n.m. daring ; courage
bravery ; valour boldness [P]

U datil’ N.F. (PL. Jf]l}dal9' , it) argument-
US reason proof (lit.) guid
zor’-d&t datil’ n.f. cogent reason jAfftybo’di ddil'
n.f. flimsy argument alufidali'l-e rah nr. guide
1 tJlj%iy?daUl' pesh' kar'na v.t. argued
adduce argument give reasons (of) bring
forward proof Ip^jdalil' la'na v. argue
adduce argument" l>j{(jyi($)4P a r ( or *•) ^dil'
hdna v.J. be a proof (of) [A -

'jU daltl’ n.f. soldier’s penalty parade with
full kit on daW dt'na v.t. penalize

thus

* /j dam n.m. blood J/jda'mait plethoric [A]

y Jam n.m. breath gasp puff ; pull
( ' air leakage life vitality moment
edge (of sword, etc.) trick ; fraud ; coax-
ing ; wheedling existence; sake blowing
over (someone) after incantation j'iljda' ms-dam'
adv. continuously; unceasingly bJlfjdam' s' lain a
v.t. be suffocated be on the last gasp jifi
dam-bat' adj. artful ; fraudulent , treacherous
n.m. deceiver ; tricky person jY.fidam! ba-khad'
adj. dubile- founded struck dumb aghast

ba-khud raih ja'na (or ho'na)
v.i. be dumbfounded be pertified^fSrfam'
ba-dam adv. every moment continuously ;
unceasingly Cl*s.(jdam barks' ns v.i. practice
holding one’s breath l‘Jj>fidam bafid' kar'ns V.T.
& 1 . silence (someone) hold one’s breath
I'/fvlJ; fjdam bafid' ho'na v.i. be suffocated, be
choked be unable to speak i"j/ffjdam bharans
v.t. (of wrestling instructor) give practice
(to trainees) exercise ^.fidam bhar n.m. &

adv. a little while f/{(>dam’ bhar ko adv. for a
moment ; for a while rjl/ffidam' bhar mefi adv,
in a moment tyffjdum bh ar'ns v.t. take sides
(with) land ; sing praises (of) profess love
(for) be fatigu d with exercise, etc. CJrfi
dam-pakh’t n.m. stew cooking in pressure
cooker Ci dam phool'na v.i. gasp ; pant
be out of breath be exhausted \}Jj(jdom tor'na
v.i. breathe one’s last ; die l ‘fjfidam toot' nil v.i.
be out of breath l JUffidam jh ait's a n.m. trick ;
fraud ItlZfidam ehbrs'na v.i. feign collapse or
death faiZ^dam charh'ns v.i. pant; gasp£j^5
dam chhoi'tia v.i. die show the white feather
throw up the sponge khusb'k

ho'na v.i, be afraid tylirfidam khafi ho'na v.i.

be choked find it Itard to breathe
dam' kham n.m. guts stamina strength
vigour X jrji?(j£ke dam' kham dtkh'na v.t. sec
what guts '(the adversary) has {/ftjfidam dil-s'ss
n.m. solace soothing encouragement
vain hopes make-believe Ojfidam de'na v.t.
& i. die be ready to lay down one’s life
(for) deceive : inveigle stew cook in

steam tftidam ruk’ns v.i. be choked ; be
suffocated find it difficult to breath
dam ssdh'na v.t. (of ascetic, etc.) hold (his)
breath keep mum qvzx 0}j()dam' -za' dan n.m.

boasting speaking AS} dam-sat' n.m. al»j.
intimate concordant ; harmonious sup-
porting assenting n.m. companion frieiid
supporting singer yes-manU £jf^3danv
sookh’na v.i. have no courage left be afraid
(of) & frda 'm-e da'm-e shamshir ' n.m.

edge of a sword fczfjda m-e ‘i'ra. n.m. quicken-
ing or animating influence ty^Afjjdam' ghanVmat
ho'na v.i. (of someone's existence) lessingtjf^j
dam fans’ ho’na v.i. be afraid of (expense, etc.)
fj(t dam' qa’dam n.m. presence existence
\i/() dam kar'nS v.t. blow over (someone) after
incantation (^(idam'-ka'slfi adj. asthma Cl/ffs
darn' khans v.i. be duped keep quite
pester , badger cooked over light fire O&ffi
dam' kkefth'na v.i. suspend breath keep
main smoke; puff Ctf (5 dam' logs' ns v.t,
smoke ; have a puff or pull at (j£{jY@dam ke
dam' mefi adv. in a moment ; in a jiffy biffidam’

' fit'na v.i. be choked find it difficult to
breath b>(jdam' U'na v.t. take breath halt
rest oneself Ljt (5 dam’ mar' ns v.i. speak
object boast claim Vi^fidam' mefi a' ns v.i.
be duped (byHj "(tjffSdam' mtfi dam' s' ns v.i.
fed reassured be relieved come to kidfjt'p
dam nsk' mtfi s' ns, l'tfi(Jifi'nak’ meh dam a'na v.i.

be harassed be driven to straits Otffidam
ni'kahs v.t. & l. die grudge (doing some-
thing) be dying in love (for) tyt yfidam’ na
warns v.i. be unable to protest fyffjdam' ho' ns
v.i. be cooked in steam jtftfidam-e va'-pajtii n.m.
the last gasp [P] "

r \dum n.f. tail end

* dum (tait'var kar'na v.i. lift **" .
the tail moveabout with a
raised tail lk£(jdum cfthal'la n.m.

tail of paper-kite hanger-
on Stooge l)C"j!tjdam'-dar la’ra
adj. vfbfJSLjf'odum dabs' kar
Ihdg’ns v.i.* turn tail flee ;

runaway sneak away l’Xf }

d.m'gai'a n.m. root of tail

ump O Sjtfidum mefi ghfts’na v.t. fawn (on)
I’liffidUm hits' ns v.t. wag the tail to be
faithful ffj dum'chi n.f. tail piece of har-
ness [P]

ji,j dantSr' NjM, death ruin (A]

n.m. comet

&

dimsgh' n.m. brain gray-matlcr

mind pride vanity wisdom ; in id-
led! menial faculty (rare) nose ; organ of
sme ?£, •>* di msgh asmSn' (or '3rsh) par

314

(f tj

fto'na v.i. be excessively proud ; suffer from
overweening pride (£& £ l , dimagh ' pireshm'

kar'n a v.i. vex paster bother con-
fuse l> \trfc bdimsffi ' (hat' ns v.t. bore with prattle
h ig£Sjdimagh'-<£at N.m. & adj. talkative
(person) . prettier bore l l fc%frl.jdimagh' dial
js'ns v.i. - become crazy cJfjfrLjdimagt}’ rakk'na
v .i. have a good brain be proud Ufojyfol*
dimagh'-so'Zl kar'ns v.t. & i. cudgel one’s
brains work hard try hard to drive some-
thing home to a dance Vfjtifciidimag}' khs'li
kar'ns v.i. beat brain to no purpose jl>£, bdimagh'
dai adj. proud; arrogant ; vain tifyljdimagh'
kar'ns v.i. be vain ; be proud dimagh'

me* kha'lal ho'na v.i. be insane be # mentally
deranged . be deranged in mindlijifrhdimagh'
ho' ita v.i. be proud ; be vain fcLfkhar'-dimag h
adj. & n.m. blockhead rau'shan-dimagh'

'all dimsffy' adj. high-minded

noble having an open mind intelligent
(/■ !>; dima'ght adj. mental H&fjfbdimB' ght pire -
piresha'm n.f. mental worry Skhar-dima's
gtij n.f. blockheadedncss ; being a duller
rau' shan-dim t'gbi 'kli-dima'ghi intelli-

gence nobility open-mindedness (P]

. dams’ mah n.m. kettle-drum (fig.)
V"-* pomp and glory

dam* adj. fierce ; truculent [PJ

t"lt^ dams' ns v.t. bend (sword) J

• I . damsvafid', ,/ko'h-t dams oafid' n.m.

^ (peak of) the Demavand (a mountain of
the Alburz range in' Persia) where the mythical
tyrant Zahhak was later imprisoned

dum'chi n.f, (see under fjdum. n.f. jfc)

dam'damah n.m. parapet ; mound
sand-bag shelter entrenchme.it raised
battery beat of drum boom of cannon
/ dam'rak n.f. leather piece holding
spindle washer
> dam'ri n.f. eighth part of old paisa ,
small coin, now long out of use sots
dam'ri ke tin' tin' ho'na v.i. to
sell dirt cheap ; to be reduced to abject poverty
go very cheap J fiJjX tty J fa dam'ri ki
g&r'yi ta'ka sir muhda'i i*ROv it is easier to
build a new house then to patch anti old one
‘what an unfair deal : how unfair

darn'll ki fah'Ji ga"i ma’gar
kut'te ki zstpathcha'ni gti"i pkov. little loss result
•ng in much gain

dam i i ki ha fid' fa le'te hat * to ihotk bajs’ kar 1/te
hat * prov, even ordinary take of work needs un*
tclligence [~[Jj dim.]

dam' -kata n.f. pump (arch.) fire
" ^ engine crane jack sling catapult
ly^jda'makna v.i. glitter; gluten t^Xjda'mak
N.f. glitter ; glisten

ify dum'mal n.m. (same as (jfj n.m. jf)

^ y diman' n ; f. litter ; rubbish dung heep

(/Jij^hhazra-'ud-diman grass grow-
ing on dunghill (of person) mean though out-
wardly pretty [A]
iy* dam'na v.i. (of sword) bend

^fyda’mavi adj. (sec m&nfjdam n.m. if)

^y da' mah n.m. asthma (

if y da' nit n.f. small ‘hookah’ f~P^]

.j* dam'dah adj
— * dawned

sprouting bjosoming
(of wind) blown tyS»dam‘ dog.
n.f. blossoming forth blowing [P—cUyjJ
• din n.m. day day-time festival
^(pu) age ; period of life (pl.) circum-
stances (pl.) lot ; fate ( M&din Z 'ns v.t. the

time of be the season (for) (of one’s day’s)

be numbered menstruate I'stifjVtfidin bha'rt
ho' ns v.i. fall on evil days . be in straitened cir-
cumstanccs ft tidin' bhar adv. the whole day ,
all the day long vf^jJ^jdin' poo're kar'ns v.i.

pass one’s days as best as one can eke out
one’s existence tyf’tfydin' pkir'na v.i. (of one’s
circumstances) take a favourable lurnUmfyjdin'
darb'ns v.t. (of sun) rise (of day) %rcak .
dawn &£%tf>din' cpa'rbt adv late in the day
Mtetdiri ehbnp'rm v.i. (of sun) set j din'
chi' - - - '* *

t:

taraq'q I kar'ns v.i. prosper ,

4gJj\ xjsdin delis' rr adv. in broad daylightC^cl?
din' <jhal’na v.r. be late in the JZfojdin' dha' It

adv. in the afiemoon din 'id' rzt

shab-baral’ prov. rejoicing by day and night
palmy days jj2^\fjj<£0j?Aj?&din
'aish kt ghoT'yor. me h guzar js'te hath prov .
pleasant hours fly fast llftfjjdin katna v.i.
pass one’s days willy-nilly have a hard time
&tj>din katna v.i. (of days) pass

1 / / fin ko din' aur lit ko rat' na
jin' ns (or fa'majba) V.i. work hard day and
night ZCfjjtfjfjvoh din (lad) ga"e PH. these are

prn^yjam cojHip na v.i.

i hu'pt adv. at dusk ; aftersunset , at 'sundown
doo ' rt m ehau'-gbH
raq gl kar'ns v.i. prosper by leaps and bounds

315

things of the past Cfitftdiu' tag'na v.i. take
time (of mean person) get rich boast
brag O^iyjdin' m'kolna v i dawn (of sun)
riittfitybart din n.m. (dial.) Chrisur.as
longer day (pf^d^ba're din n.m. pl. longer days
j^)don N.F. thud* i^sdan' st adv. with a thud
(jfiVjda'ni dan N.r. consecutive firing or
volley of guns

danamr' N.M. pi. ofjCjh.M. ■*)

'ydana’yat n.f. meanness ; baseness [A]

Jlsjduntba'lab n.m. tail stern outer corner

• ^ (of eye) dumba'la-d ar adj. tailed [P]

L* dub'bal , J’jdUm'mal n.m. boil . abscess ;

t^bube

j y dum'bah N m. fat-tailed ram (P)

*♦ *

li^y dab'ti'li adj. one with large teeth

a •dat'd a* N.M. tooth I'J^jT^U'jdabda n-t \l
U^'Uz' kar na v i be very greedyjU^icja'an dan
Sai N.m. derttist (Jj^^j!>dabdab-sati n.f. den-
tistry ^ly’f^^jUjdandan-ihi'kan javab n.m crush-
ing reply (PJ

• | • dabdahah n.m. tooth (of saw) cog (of
** wheel) dentb'ji^-Ujdaiida'ne par'nd v.t.
become dented [ - P prec. ]

.*•• • dandan&'na v.i. be in high spirits

enjoy full powers move about without
let or hindrance

\^TydUn'ka n.m. (see under >/>*)

da fig adj . astonished, wonderstruck llfttstf}
dabg raih ji’na v.i. be astonished
fojdafi'ga n.m. tumult . riot disturbance
J breach of the peace melee row ;
wrangle Wifi's dab' ga kar'na v.i. run a riot
commit a breach of the peace wrangle
iabga’i n.m. one who breaks thcpeach[A~ O,/]

(£• dab' gal n.m. arena ; amphi-
(J* theatre I'yjfijdab got tar n a
v.i. have a wrestling bout

wrestle ^ — — _I

Vik'ni’ adj. mean ; base . </'

Civile ignoble; ignominious dunya-e

s a * m adj. mean ; oase .
Civile ignoble ; ignominious j>
da'ni . n.f. the vile world (A
■ • dun'ya n.f. world people

¥ * wnrlrllv'ffrwlc n»»If Ant

| • dun'ya n.f. world people mundane

it ^ life worldly'goods pdf adj. (rare)

lower nether dun'ya ankhob

meb abdktr' ko'n&v.i. be rudely shocked
suffer great loss have no hope Jcft for tne
future dun'ya ba-Qnvnid' fa"m ph

people live by hope alone i^sdiin'ya-dar adj.
worldly n.m man of the world (fj I Jtffdiim'ya-dbn
n.f. worldliness concern for matters of the
world show of politeness married life
one's family )L'U’j ^im.ya-.s a* adj. crafts
showy \J) ijTffjsjdun'jia At hava ’ lag' na v i. come
under corrupting influences
dun'ya ke pat’dc st Uth ja'na v.i. die dis-
appear become extincts Lj Vjdun‘ya-o
mu' fi-ha n.f. the world and all that is in it (fjjfj
duny&'vi,yj£*dun'yaoi adj. world; worldly
(A~m. ft,i] ^

do adj. two pref. two double w/js
)) do-ab'ah n.m. area bordered lying by two
rivers /& \»do a lash oh adj. doubled-stillcd wine
liquour l U^ljido ab'soo baha'na v.i. weep a
little express some sorrow overfly* do-os' pah
n.f. two horsed (carriage) filjjdo-ba'rah adv.
again twice jAjjdoo-ba-doo' adv. confronting
face to face ‘vis-a-vis’ 4 isj da-pa' yah adj. two-
legged n.m. man Wpedliffdupat'ta,
dupatxah n.m. stole L~/JJ do-par ta do par'toh
adj. two-ply . (wood) (fi/tjjdo'pal'ri n.f. light
folding eapy¥»j dn-pat'har n.f. noon: midday
ba 'd do-paihar , j£f J /^J>do-pdi'hir dka'le
adj. ‘post meridian’ ; p.m. jlfjfqab'l at

do-pai’har adj. antimeridia a m . i do-paya ' tab
n.m. onioned stew ajlz.fi lb mist' la do-paya' tab
n.m. appellation of one of the Great Moghul
Akbar’s courtier famous for repartee etc.
do-(jiat’ti inner gallery ; improvised garret under-
flat roof Uyjdo-li adj. bent * doubled
sagging do-la ra n.m. two-stringed guitar jO-i
do-U'hi n.f. two-folded coverlet Jyttdo-iook' (or
iok') adj. decisive court (reply) flat
(refusal) Hrf^l^Jyvdo took' javab' de'na v t.
flatly refuse give a curt reply irfjdo-ji'ya n p
& adj. pregnant (woman) \!y; £S-tfjydo-j\ stha'na
v.i be in the family way jl^ys do -ehir adj
& n.m. a few (persons) jlfj/dvdiar' adv. fare to
face bfjbjj dtichar' ho'na'v. t. reply come across
xpjdo chabd' adj. twofold doubt cfyd/jJ-fff
do' done ko /rhjr'na v.i. beg from door to
door for a crust of bread tfy/IS^JJfdo 'din ka
mehman' adj. short lived transient ; transi-
tory , 'ephemeral (Jjlfftjjdo dka'ri adj. double-
edged (sword rahah n.m. bifurcation
(of road, etc.) converging or parting of the
ways fftA^feljjjdo ra'ha-e umms d-d-blm n.st
meeting- place of hope and fwjjjjdo-ris'khah
adj. facing both ways same on both sides
double faced j'^ido-tukid adj. "double-faced

316

0 hi

(policy) n.f. duplicity tjr'j s> do-rati gz adj. two-

co! cured piebald double-dealer ; hypocrite
(one) with two different aspects of life jfjji
ddrnt'gi adj. having two colours with two
divers aspects of life n.f. duplicity; double-
dealing ; hypocrisy two divers aspects of life
tjijjtdn-ro'iah adj. short-lived ; transient ;
transitory ephemeral v jjfido-ro'yah adj.
two-sided adv. on both sides right
and left do-fa' noo baith'na V I.

sit on the hams ; sit with folded legs
J^Vdo-sat adv. transfi xed^l/jjdo-sakhi
do-sa'hi n.m. & adj. (land) yielding
two crops in a year 1/jjdH-sara n.f. the
world and the hereafter^i^j//u-raV«A adj.
biennial - two-year-old JjSjjdo-soo'fi n.f.
cloth with' double thread warp and weft ; coarse
li'"'i'C (/&)do-sc'ri n.f. two-seer weigh jOjsdo
sh&'kheh n.m. rake two-fork pronged candle
stick Jl/jJ do-shs' lah n.m. (usu. embroidered)
shawl ; double-folded shawl *$jdu sham’ bah n.m.
Monday Jj^jdo-la' rajah (col. tar Jab) .adj.
two sided mutual reciprocal J^jjdo 1 a' malt
n.f. dyarchy Jfyjdo-ghat'lah (ped. -gha'fatah)
n.m two odes in same metre and rhyme^^^
do-fos'li adj. & n.f. (land) yielding two crops a j
year l‘/j>do kar'na v.t. bisect cut into i
tw otf&sdt ga'rS, {Jj'idvgi’ra n.m. double barrell-
ed gun stf'jtdo-ga mah n.m. slow paced horse adv.
slowly ^ifrjdo-gB'nah, } $ d3-ga' nab , £#diiga'na
n.m. prayers with two genuflexions supere-
ogatory prayers duet (dial.) copulation
adj. double Islfa do-ga'nah add' kar'na v.t.
say supererogatory prayers, (as thanks giving,
etc-) do goo'nah adj. double tfifjdo-lat'ti
n.m. (same as ^dilat'd N.F.*)r£,,<fo la'ra n.m.
(ityi>dn-/a'rl n.f. double-stringed necklace
fl tnSUa''oh'tneh mBr'ghj haram pkov. too
many cooks spoil the broth J^jjdo-man'fita adj.
(arch. j/)iio math' la) double-storeyed ; two
storeyed double decker ^ do moot' hi (or
dumoo"i n.f. serpent with a fat tail; two-mouthed
serpent do' met Its’ rd afkhot

met ihlk ra prov. intruders are always unwelcome
du-na' li Adj. double barellcd {g\m)JJjjdo'not
ADJ. both, 7 both of ; both the the two : the
two of the twain 0’&\)i»do'not vaq't mil'na
v.i. be twilight fa'll do' not

ha'tbet se baj'l f hai prov. it takes two to quarrel
0JJ duoan'ni n.f. (old coin worth) one-eighth of
rupee • two-anna bit ^fjdd-ntm' adj. cut into

two; sundered Jjjjjdo-va'raql n.f. booklet;
brochure ^1; jJdo/ia'jan n.f. %l)> dohajoo n.m.
remarried widow(er)^-£v du-hal'tar n.m. slap or
stroke with both hands together \ijkJ%i) d U-bal'tar
mat* ns v.t. slap thus express grief by beat-

ing one’s breast thus \JffiJ do-hat' tka adj.
dn-hat’thi) two-handled
j) dau sof, running [P ~c^jJ

. . doo"a N.M. (at dice) deuce (in weigh-
33 ing) two (rare) two (at cards) [ ~ js]
l**dav a' N.F. (PL . £))\ad'viyah) medicine
cure; remedy tfk£k)&J)>dava pi'na (or
kha'ttah) v.i. take a medicine Z\Jb*dava'-kha'ttah
n.m. dispensary apothecary's shop ; the

druggist’s pharmacy )j\> Ijj dava da too,
dava' dar’man n.f. medical treatment cure ;
remedy I'j'ijbb* dava' da'roo kar'na v.t.
treat (patient), arrange medical treatment (for)
j&ljidava'-saz n.m# dispenser ; compounder

chemist ; druggist pharmacist 0j[/ljjdava-
sa'Ji n.f. pharmacy pharmaceutical
jfyljJ dava'-Jirosh' n.m. druggist ; chemist
Java' kar'na v.t. give or undergo medical
treatment cure heel find some remedy
(for) O j fl»» dava ko na mil'na ph. not at all
to be available

j t . davab' n.m. pl. beasts of earth ; quad-
• 33 rupeds (A - sing. J
j./ davsl' n.f. inkpot; ink C'bjJ’qaa'lm davat
3 n.f. pen and ink ’

da'm'da'vi n.f. bustle [P]

i , davvar' adj. revolving rotating
'circling moving. [ A ~jlsj]

I Is 9 d av ti.'ra,jbjdavar’ n.m. (dial.) gate
3 93 place [S]

I I daval' hm. leather srtap lower strap
0 3 of brassiere

j | y} dtval' n.m. one likely to make payment
^ davai'dah adj. & n.m. (rare) twelve jbj
b)J' 33 datXtz'dahim adj. twelfth [P]
i)(jj diva Is n.m. same asJJjdiva'tah n.m. if)

( daoam n.m. permanence perpetuity

eternity adv. always perpetually

(»’■

eternally perennially ( jjjJlJf'alad-davam ' adv.
always ; permanently^ </«»8 mi adj. lasting

permanent constant continual conti-
nuous , incessant perennial perpetual

eternal (A]

ll t% davah' adj. running current adv

U * 3 running (rare) [~.Vc!o)>]

nava'ij n.m. Pi.. circles
fields [A ~ sing, p/b]

/)>

doob n.f. thickly grown soft grass

groups

A» doo'bhar AUJ

burdensome irksome

boring

dooj n.f. (dial.) second day of lunar
evening of new moon’s appear*

fortnight
ance [ ~ ))]

d°°'js adj. (dial.)

second secondary
sewn ; stitched fixed

V . dokh'lah suf.

elf

. doodsM . smoke (fig.) sigh Jp,jpdoo'd-e

dit n.m. sigh dood'-kash n.m. chim-

ney [P]

Qf,y))dood'mali n.m. house -, family ; dynasty
dood ' man-e ‘a.'ti (or ‘a'liyah)
n.m. noble family great dynasty [P]

doodh n.m. milk milky juice (of plant)
doodh' barha’na (or chhura'-
na) v.t wean (baby) ((/{ L doodh' bha'i
(or bai'han) n.m. (f.) foster-brother (or sister)
l‘f/dj>3V doodh bh-ar' ana v.i. feel affection (for)
doodh. pila'na V.T. suckle ^j>3J3doodh-

pM'i n.f. wet nurse ; foster-mother^l^^jjJ
doodh-pi'ta bach'thoh n.m._ infant inexperienc-

ed person ; green bom fijj>jjJ<ioodh. doh'nn v.t
milk f 'd'fc)»33)tfe>333 doodh' ka doodh’ pa'ni ka
pa'ni kar'im ph. separate chalk from chccsc
despense justice expose falsehood
doodh.' ka rish’tah n.m. foster-rela \jfj

J^daod'hofi nah&"o poo' top phalo int. (to woman)
may God bless you jvith progany.and health to
rear ifhsjjdoodbar, '(}jjjdoe'dhal adj. (same a sje>33
adj. 'A ) jjj dorrdh ija adj . milky milk-white

unripe ; raw %l 0 ,jjdoo'dhija pat' lhar n.m
pumice a kind of soft milkwhite stone

» door adj. distant remote adv. at a dis
tance; for away int. be off to hell with it
pref. far fore • unrelated un- ; in
jtf)bj->door'az k$r‘ adj. irrelevant con-
cemed$L> jyJ door- ‘Jra'dah aDj. distant remote ;
for off separate l £%\j33door-and<sb' adj.
far sighted provident sagacious ; prudent
cautious fj^!tj33door andeshl n.f. farsighted'
ness pnidence cautiousness ^33 door’ -bad

ttrr. God forbid May God ’protect you
( fCjUdoot bash int. be off . make yourself scarce
jjrijfdoor' bat a int. (dial.) may God protect you
$4j,ydoor' bfiagbi* v -i ■ runaway avoid;
shun abhor abstain (from) (jf!j33

V.T

door' -bin' n.m. telescope ; binoculars #8 A
ti£jJ3 door-biti' adj. farsighted ©HOT

prudent able to see in the distance
{£.333 door'-bi'ni n.f. foresight
prudence^j; door' -par int. (dial.) God forbid
may God keep you safe l 2%L4lj3door' lak
pahutcfina v.i. go far contact the higher
authorities be a far reaching affair }l y jjjjdoor'
daraz' adj. distant door’ -das' l adj. far-flung
J )3j»door' door adj. at a great distance
maintaining respectable distance Cfjjtzdoor'
raih'na v.i. keep at an arm’s length stay
away from remain aloof l j^ t '^j}3door' ka
mazmoon' n.m. far-fetched idea nice idea
conceit \dj33 door ka adj. distant C/jjtdoor kar na
turn out remove dismiss avert
dispel C it£j33door' kf bat’ n.f. deep thought
far-off matter (L’J ((fj/b^^door Id scojh'mt
(or kauri- la' na) v.t. (of someone) hit upon a
novel idea cf £33 door' Id kaih'na v.i. speak with
foresight(£jLf / l)2-t*U 3*3 £j> 3 door' ke dhol
soha'ne- (or soh<?'one) prov. distant drums are
gratifying ^jfj33door' ho' 11 a v.i. get away
make oneself scarce be removed be dispell-
ed ^jjdoo’ri n.f distance . remoteness

absen ce separa tion [P]
ti \daur n.m. age ; period , time , era
** cycle course orbit circuit circu-
lar motion revolution rotation circula-
tion vicissitude round of wine-cup

reasoning in a circle mutual recitation of

the Holy Quran Jf jj 33 daur‘ dau'rah hm. sway
reign ; rule rage , craze V}j 33 daur kar' no
v 1 (of two persons) recite the Holy Quran to
each other [A] „

,| dau'rah adj. time dbi/f/gar'tfi&e dau'rah
v" pH. vicissitudes of fortune [ ~ A prec.)

dauran' (ped. davaran') n.m. circulation
duration , pendency daur&'n-t

khoon' n.m- circulation of blood /0'j3>daura'n-t
sar' n.m. dizziness . giddiness vertigo
headache ts' dauran (meh) ph. meanwhile
in the meantime fjfeflui^ke dauran' (men) adv
in the course of ; during [A - aw]
g gdou'rah n.m. tour turn sway ; reign
fit l'%e,33 dau'rah par'ni v.i. have a fit
\;/tji3 dau'rah kar'na v.t. & I, go (Ml a tour
review (A)

jf ’ dau'ri n f. trough irrigating basket

l - A.-'j* dour)

(JjjPdoorirt T (see under 33 door adv

318

. daut' n.f .

I • race running scramble
(for) effort ^Jjtdaur' dkoop' n.f.
effort erjdeavour running about hue
and cry \<‘J^ 3 jj))daur' dkoop kar'na v.t. run
hither and thither (for) toil hard (for)
make hue and cry (about) leave no stone un-
turned l - poll]

daut na v.i. run to gallop circu-

late permeate make an effort (for)
daura'na v.t. cause to run cause to gallop
drive fast , despatch hurriedly give wings
(to) cause to circulate cause to try hard
send in pursuit

sewing ; stitching piercing
fixing makcrtfjjjdo'zi n.f.^ _ sewing
piercing fixing making [P^j]
jr • do' zokh n.m. (dial, f.) hell stomach
misery ’JWfajdo'zakh ka kto’dah n.m.
arrant sinner damned persontf^j'u do'zakh
bhar'na V.t. eat fill the iUxtwh'fojdo'iakkl
adj. hellish ; infernal ; damned n.m. con-
demned sinner damned creature greedy

person glutton [P]

dot' l n.m. male friend, friend lover
beloved ; sweetheart'fetJ dosta'nah n.m.
friendship adj. friendly adv. amicably
cordially^j^/lj^JIi \* ) jC'Jfdosta'nah la'aUuqat' (or
mara'sim) n.m. pl. friendly contacts friend-
ly relations (J^Tjfdosta' ne mrh adv. as a
friend in a friendly manner|,V.<— ✓>*<(<«'/
bana'na v.t. .make friends be on

friendly terms (with) develop inti-

macy (with) (fj&tjdoU'-da'riH.F, love
friendliness goodiwhishesd^u^tjdos't rakh!na
v.t. hold dear (/jtfCSjfdost'-mima' du.xh’man
n.m. hidden enemy '; enemy in disguise ; a snake
in the grass jljcSjjdosl' -naval' adj v & n.m.
friendly person friends’ friend {fjjdos'ti n.f.
amity , friendship intimacy attachment
l>/d(>tf(fjjdos'ti ka dam bhar'na v.i. assert
friendship claim privileges of friendship [P~
cling to]

I doos'ra, adj. (F.(£^>c0rtAr?) second
other next following match , equal
duplicate outside (pei*q®), step (mother

etc) n.m. (f.) outsider re adv. second
ly ; in the second place on the other hand
again • furthermore • moreover
ft*) doth n.m. shoulder last night past
i/Oy/li tdosh ba doth' adv. shoulder to shoul
der f mah'v-e gham-cdosh' n.m.

ruing the past meditating on that has been

d

and is no more 'tSttJlJoaba'I-e doth' n.m. cursed
responsibility ^gjjdorti’na adj. last night’s; of last
night [PJ

/jjj dosh,Jjjdos n.m. (dial.) blamedj^kjl ‘>tj»
doth de'na (or laga’rta) v.t. blame • accuse ;
lay blame at the door (of) (SJ

* 2 . , doshi'zah N.F. virgin spinster

doshi'zagi n.f virginity maiden-
hood [P]

‘{/JjdoghN. f. (dial. M.) curds buttermilk

Jj Ifjjdogh'l#, adj. (r.fiidoghTt) cross-breed ;

of mixed breed mongrel hybrid

mullatto off*spring of parents of different
races (}^fi>dogh'li nas'l n.f. cross breed
. I du'val (or rare di'val) n.m. pc. (see under
^ n.f. *)

jii . doolab n.m. persian wheel pulley

„j dau'lal n.f. wealth ; riches money
State Power kingdom empire
(rare) government Ziirjidau'lal-kha'nah n.m. your
hous ejfc&ttdau' lat-e mushta'rakah n.f. Com-
monwealth the British Commonwealth >>
dau'lat-mahd n.m. wealthy person adj. rich ,
wealthy ; opulent tfj^jtdau' lat-mati <ft n.v.
riches ; wealth wealthness opulence
adj. State ; of State imperial govern-
ment ; governmental dJ&ba-dau'tat Aoy. by
favour (of) through the good offices (of)
through by means of owing (to) ; because
{<*)&&#»• dau'lal n.m. gateway to
(superior’s) house at dPjtJ nau-daulal n.m.

upstart ; one who has become rich overnight [A]
*d do-lat'n, (fid dial'll n.f. animal’s kick with

* hind legs ; kick (UdfltftjbffJ^jjJijJfadolat'ti
(or dolat'liyati) mar'na (or jhar'na)™. (of animal)

kick show disapproval intermittently
rj doo'lA a n.m. bridegroom; grooncULt»doo'lka

bka"i n.m. sister's husband ; brother-in-
law

* . dd'v&m adj. second (jftfduv'vMmlii adj.
f” second adv. secondly [P)

j doon. N.F. boast; bragj Vjtfjfdocn kllt'na
•'"'v.t. boast ; brag
, dooh adj. low , mean base : vile
ignoble lacking djfQ udooh-htm' mat adj

mean no gut s eo-xtl -him' mail n.f.

meanness petty mindedness lack of

courage [P]

dot m n.f. scorching beat great thirst

tfJjjdmn' lag' at v.t. feel very thirsty,

319

tv

ik

i 4 . Jau'nZk KiH. leaves folded to form a cup ;

i :« doo ni, ADJ. (F. 'fe/doo'rii) cijd2g'n& ( F .
^tdug'ni) twice as much; twofold
double

Ujj^fjdoon dooh n.f. beat (of drum)

\#» daufig'ta n.m. heavy short-lived shower
iVcT^I^ daufig’ta ba’ras ja'na v.i. (of
heavy shower) fall for a while and

(or vah' tah ke daufig’te ba'rasrm
v.i. be profusely applauded be praised
fjjjjdo'noh adj. (see under jjadj . & n.m. it)

m £))davarint n.f. (see under jjadj. & n. it)

| tjydo'ha n.m. couplet of Hindi poetry

fyjjdoha’H n.f. (same as fyjdUha'i n.f. it)

Ufjjdoh’na v.i. milk (jfi>doh'rii n.f. milk pail

dU"i (or doo'\) n.f. being two
^ quality polytheism lack of intimacy
not being own [~ jj)

9 }dth n.m. (vL^Ztsjdtfi at', dehat') village

w deh-hot'di n.f. detailed revenue state-
ment of village’s f^tjdrh khu'da n.m. landlord
dtth adj. ten jpbjdah'-chafid adj. tenfold ; ten
Crimes yf^^iijdah'-dun'ya sat’tar a'khirat,
aj* Lsjyjejdah'-dar dutt'jta sad’ dat a'khirat
prov. charity here well get you manifold reward
hereafter

i[m%dha’ba n.m. thatched roof thatched

• house

Jr» . dha'par n.m. (usu. pl.) eruptions on
skin ..

dehat' .irtidehat' n.m. (pl.) jb delta' ti Jib
” deha'ii n.m. & adj. (see under n.m. it)
^ I dkat. (yvK.^ifjdiatt) n.f. "metal

miner d ore ; gun metal bronze
(vUL,) aluminium (vul.) semen

| dha n.m. sixth note of national gamut, so]
n.f. wet nurse

i diar n.f. edge (of knife, ete.) sharp-
*'*iiess strain (of milk, etc.) current
flow line streak; adj. sharp-

edg eiyljbjdkar mar'na v.i. urinatel^Uo</Aar
nikal'na v.T. milk , cause strain (of milk) to
come out whet

I l/tt * dka'ra n.m. water course , current ;
stream source (of river)

dhar'na v.t. & i.

pour (water)
without expressing

stripe

d&r adj ■ striped

N F -

foment with hot jet ;
rear adopt think

I

s\rea\tjJijU)dh,a’ri-
streaked

j\#)dha r . n.f. group ; bevy crowd loud
cryjlpffilffifdka) ki dhar n.f. a whole army
(rft) mar' kar ro'ns v.i. cry

aloud

dahar'na v.i. (of lion or tiger) roar
(fig.) thundeTjifjdakar' n.f. roar (of lion

or tiger)

tf5^)dtha'\i n.f. (rare) daily wages
j?

( jj\j?)dha'\i n.m. notorious thief or dacOit

Mi

o\>\
(^u>y

dkak' n.f. prestige

O^dkak’ bahdk'na (or bi.ha'na) v t. establish
the fame (of) make (someone’s) name a terror
tyjJJfdiak batdb'na v.i. come to be knows
as a terror achieve fame
I A daha'ku n.m. ten tens ; fear ; shock ;
“ terror [ ~Jb\ .

d^ f dka'ga,fOaga n.m. thread IjpLfdia’ga
v ^ piro'na,^fhrfdha'ga dat'na v.t. thread
(a needle) put stiches (in quilt)

dahah'tffadahan' n.m. mouth orifice
opening [PJ ^

dkan n.m. paddy Mtrjdhan pan' adj. sleak
slender^^i/ifeg'nii adj. light -green
dhafid ltyj^i/dhan'dal n.f unfair means
row ; wrangle j^jC^Jdkafid'li-bat adj.
& m.m. cheat wrangler vfyjfojdkaftd'li

kar'na v.t. use unfair means ; cheat pilay
false wrangle IJjPj (fidham'kl dhavtis
aur dhaiid'li n.f threats, bullying and cheating
(as recipes for progress in rotten society)

d hafts n.f. tang pungent odour

^^cough caused by It tjtlmdhafts'na v.i. (of
horse) cough

• i daha'nah n.m. mouth mouth (of river)
y & * opening orifice mouth cover
bit (of bridle) jP-^bJ
jjlfisjdha'nl adj. (see underbuy n.m. +)

. | dha'in N.M. attack , assault raid
J ^ inroad , inctmidn(ijl^lj[;0/ljl^jdia'va

bol’na (or kar'na or mar'na) v.t attack .
assault raid

/ daha"i n f tens ten ; the tenth part;
0 ihe tens [ ~ (ft]

ftljdoha”i/ l fli,dehi fis.r, cry for help

cry for mercy complaint l*}£ltdoha''i

320

de'ha v i cry for mercy
injustice

dkab'bah,ffi)dh.ab'ba n.m.

Stain hint dan ■ hi

stained

m dkap n.f. sound ; clock ; n
■j * thump thud({f
slap '

ip dkap' pa n.m. slap thump
•: "loss Iffyyfydkaul' dkap' pa n.m.
fight . brawl

complain against or do over again revise (lesson)

m jdh3r'pad,i£fi’jdhur'pat n.f. chief highbrow
spot speck £/ mode of classical music dkvr' pad

:h stigma ptfla>j alap'na v.i. sing in this mode
$U>jdhab'ba lagans M.dh-ar'tt N.r. (dial.) soil; land earth
stain \Jf{f>dhab’bd l/Jfjdiar'n ks pkool n.m. mushroom

stigmatized be ib/J^dhar'li ma'ta n.f. (dial.) mother earth [S]
Of;?} da' bar da' bar jal'nS v.i. bum furiously

sound ; clock ; noise slap

thu.d(f^0jdhap' jama'nn v.t. fa ^dkar'm {or dka' ram) n.m. (dial-.) Hindu

j>P dkar m (or dha' ram) n.m. (dial.) Hindu
Y* faith religion kifj>dharmzt'ma n.m. (dial.)
Hindu saint(t,(Xi^4ft; dkar'm bigar'nZ (or
idmish't kar'na ) v.T. (dial.) defile and outcaste
dhar'm pat’iA n.f, (dail.) (man’s) duly

dkatNY bad habit addiction married spouse Jls(fid1ur'm-salah,JLyi>j dkar'm*

'-* P >dkafja n m. addict fond (of) , habi- rha'lah n.f. (dial.) Hindu community centre
tuated (to) Hindu poor house Hindu charitable rest

int. be off adj. dead drunk adv. deep- housc^f^^ic r m-shas tar n.m. (dial.) code
jy of Hindu religious law Hindu scriptures [8J

i- dkaite n.f. dodging , evasion ; putting ,.i a% ^ka' ran n.f. (dial.) navel ovary
(something) off driving out ; turning ' c °l* c P 1 ' 1 ’ < P 4 *™ * n *** navc l
(someone) cmtJkif^Cfi^dhal'la bata'na (or dt'tm) f •p.dkarna v.T. place; lay; put down
v.r put (something) off turn (someone) setup lay (blame) at the door (of)

away

(for

V" set up lay (blame) at the door (of)
grasp take possession of n.m. dun ,
dunning sit down strike ^-i/l^fdha'ra kya' hat
ph. there is nothing in it tyyrjdka'ra ho’v a v.T.

be placed lie unused £irejfidka'rn raihja'na
v.i. lie unused go to’ waste be totally
ignored ti£j/ , jdhar‘rakh.'na v.T. set apart
\z£f. /'(A i j d kar'na de (or mar’) kar baif'na
vJi. duii ; sit doggedly at the door of debtor
stage a sit down strike

gracefulness i\ Mydkarva'na v.t. cause to placed cause

% dfiaj'ji.N.F. shred strip (of cloth) l ^ to be paid have arrested

mg; tatter (VJU^Mo&dkaj'jiycfi v.t g.ve a good h,d-

7 * z ~ LL W ing spoil pull to pieces _

dkaf dhat ba’n ba’rl int, (for
***** urging elephant) on
-fA dh&tkar'na v.t. drive (dogs, etc.) out
i/J revile : reprove

\jy&y dkotoo'ra n.m. stramonium

Py dkaj n.f. appearance ; shape ; form
O'" 7 air ; mien grace £>£saj ' diaj n.f. air
gracefulness

ura'na (or bafdur'na or It'na) v.t. - tear into , B

pieces expose ; pull to pieces {Jjj^dhpj'jiyafi ^im.)

lag'na v.i. be in tatten

j0,< j b k ^

dkorh ka lot na v.i. be leFked be

pull to pieces
axis [f. ofj^usedas

n.m. jolt jerk shock tt/Sit)"'*'

•*%*dka(&'ka lag'na v.i. be jerked be ** ,, ., 1 *

jolted be shocked : have a shock [ono.J f^y ^epted ai

^.dah'r nm. (PL.^jrffiW) time age dkar n.m. trur

dahriy'yal N.f dakriy yah N.M. (see

*Qnd tvfiic)

dkarel' n.f. conclusive junior wife

s( J vmt\A‘jyfydcikrifyatn.r. atheism tfiateria
lism ^/pidahriy'yah n.m. atheist materialist

[A]

■ dkit'ra n.m. axle axle-tree axis
/* dhU'ra dhUr' adv. right through, from
one end tb another to the end

s

tjf dek'ra adj. double ; twofold twice
Yl 7 sagged ; sagging Clr/ifadoh’ ra hoja'na V.I.
sag be benti]^><fe*ra'na v.t. repeat say

L p dkarel n.f. conclusive junior wile
U/> fully accepted at member of family
pdkax n.m. trunk ; torso body J
s*dhar raih ja'na v.i. be paralysed ; be palsied

Jfp dha‘\a n.m. party ; faction clique
\r* balancing weight y/( dka'ra kar'na
balance (scale) balance (receptacle, etc.) in
scate(££|a5VAa'«* bati'dl n.f. splitting up
into opposed parties party spirit factions
feelings yPjfpjdha'ra dkar adv. rapidly in
rapid succession '’Pji^Padha'fB dkar bik'us v.i

(of something) jell like hot cakes have a buying
spree.

sport (of gun.
loud report of
with a crash

thud fjptdharam se adv

j/j ■*— dhara'ka n. m . thud
'etc.) along shower
fartingrfS^^/isr*'*# it adv
swiftly

dharan n.f.

I }/' 3 with a thud

v.i. (of heart) beat, palpi-
y^tate feeluneasyt(/5(rt^r'^a h.m. fear
doubt , iv&pcm [ Jf}dkin' kan n.f. palpita-

tion

.ibm dbaral'la n.m. bravery boldness ; guts
intrepidity<s£.^^5rfSviraf7f se adv.
fearlessly ; intrepidity openly without fear
or favour

k> dha‘ ri h.f. five seers five-seer weight
layer (of lipstick, etc.)L(ft£/%Jfrmis’si
<ri dha'rl jama' as paint (the Ups) (JJ^dkar’yan
sdv. in abundance

jp dhis'ss m m. heavy woollen shawl ; twofold
^ shawl

j 'J^P^ dha'sakna v.i. sag (of wall) collapse

dhasna,\!^dkati'sana v.t. sink (into)
be thrust (into) elbow one’s way (into
crowd, etc.) go deep into sa%g^)dka'_san m.f.

marshy ground bog : quagmire slough
LLsJPjdhasara, Cl^jdhaiisa'na v.t. cause to sink
de'hith h.f. (usu. ^S(J^jUda'd-o dehish)

U ( 'bounty munificence charity (P ~

cb(»S>ve]

; ^tyjdaih' shat (ped. dah'-) M.F fear:

f ' terror : dread awe scare alarm
threat ; menace horror^ia^J

daih' shet-afigcz' adj. alarming scaring
terrifying awe-inspiring horrid ; horrible
dah' shad- za' dah adj. scared alarmed

panicky, panic-striken terrified ; terror-
striken dah' that kha'na v.i. be panicky

be, alarmed be terrified be terror struck

J\>ffdaih' shal-mk adj. dreadful horrid ;

horrible alarming terrifying [AJ
ii|* dehqari n.m. villager ; boor ; rustic
'*'* r l* peasant , tiller of the soil (rare) land-
lord n.m. villager peasant

adj. rustic boorish*^£/y dehqamy'yat n.f.
rustic manners [P~«deh] '

/ dhnk n.f shock thud young one
of louse tV/v dluk se rath' ji'na v.i.
stand aghast be paralysed through fear
<j(») dhek ' dhak' ker'm v i (of heart)
beat , palpitate

2 ihnk'ka n.m. shove , push ; jostle
shock loss . damage, stroke (of ill-
! uck ) dhak'ka pel, &>( > dkak'ktm dhak' ka

n.f. jostling L [}&}dhak' ka de'na v.t. jostle
push elbow shove turn out bring
misfortune (on) ^{J^^fdhak'ke kha'na v.i. be
kicked from door to door be forced to wander
about aimlessly suffer reverses of fortune
be pushed be shoved be jostled l$frjdhak-
k& lag iia v.t. be jostled suffer a shock
sustain loss suffer reverses of fortune
i.Ji-dai'hakna v i. glow bum be ablaze
be consumed (with grief rage, et c.Hfe^j
daihka'na v.i. light orkindle (fire)

{ (L dhuk'duki, Jjfcdhig’d gl m.f palpha-
W^r^tion anxiety : worry outer pan ol
throat towards end of neck fcj'jiffp&tdhak’-
dhu'ki meft dam' ht'n a v.i. be on the last gasp
i>(fkdp*dh2'kar pu'kar n.f. palpitation; agitation,
suspense

i , t6p dhakel'nn (dial. OJffdkakel'na) v.t
“jostle push shove IbJ^jdhakel' de

(dial, dha'-) v.t. jostle push
jJfadhBfdSgf n.f. (same as r ★)

jkJ&jdhag'ra n.m. paramour

shove

tabor (JeZJfcba-
with the beat of

^ bak'g-e do'hal adv
drum openly (P)

daih'la n.m. (at cards) ten (<-(/>)

M,jdai’halna, (lfJ t jdai'hal Jana v.i. be
_ scared shiver in one** shoes shocked

IrDffdaihla'na, be C>fiil»daMa' dens v.t. scare
frighten ** ^

flM dhul'na v.i. be washed , be laundered 3^’
'r*'*dhula"i n.f. washing laundry
remuneration for laundering ClJttjdfiuhia'itd v.t
get (someone) launder cause (something)
to be washed Cj/U’U^dhfUya mil'ya kar'na v.t
hush up (dispute)

,j>j dek'ti (Persianized and commoner form of
Jjdil'lf) n.f. Dehli (jJjjdth'taiH n.m. one
from Delhi adj. of Delhi
•J>y dehliJ? M.f. threshold porch , portico

if\^i>dehtu! ka kut'ta n.m. hanger-on
parasite At mat'fi It

dal'na v.t. sits

do'lrum, fjfida' hurriih adj. tenth [P~»J|

322

£

Jf'^ dham n.f. thud se adv. with
I a thud (come) unexpectedly ; all of a
sudden

tffrjruk* 'ma diau'kari n.f. roistering [ono.J

dka'ma diwn' n.f. & adv. (with)
j j sound of jumpings about [ono.]

, dham&'ka n.h. sound of explosion

the

crash

thud

report (of gun)
thump [ono.]

l^dkaml' N.F. mendicants’

(s group dance their jumping
into fire (ll/jy Clufyl/'idkamai khel'na
(or kar'na) v.i. play thus
dkama’liya n.m. one who plays thus
/to dha'mak n.f. footfall thud

j; ' pulsation shooting pain (in head)
Cfi dkam'ki n.f. threat threatening

O snub bluff C>t(f^)dhamki de'rm v t.
threaten snub bluff (jZjfidkam'ki nun
\nv. just with a threat dkam'ki men ana
v.i. be coerced by threats be frightened
be scared be bluffed C^dka'makna v.i,
throb shoot with pain make a thud (^5 t
i' dha'makna v.i. come unexpectedly be
unwelcome arrival Of^jdhamka'na v.i. threaten;
hold out a threat snub

adkSin n.f. keynote tune assiduity

Hr perseverance fad craze Weft
diiin ka pek'kd adj. persevering dhun'

met ma'gan adj. obsessed with the idea
absorbed in the thought

vf> dkan n.m. (dial.) riches ; wealth , fortune
cStif/jdkan dau'lal n.f. riches ; wealth ;
fortune [S]

da'han, fj^jdahah' n.m. mouth [PJ

y* doh'n n m. (rare) oil iS+fj dohniy'yal n.f. oil
content

tyyd&na adj. (same as ADJ.

* ^/C»J>dkn na'.iiri n.f. name of a musical mode

J ^JPjdkun’iia V.T. comb ; card cotton
X bcat rack tyyS urdkitn'nd v.i. rue
rack one’s brains fret and fume 0*jdkun'ja
n.m. carder

•p.dkatid n.f. fog

sightedness dim

dkufid’la adj. foggy
(jdjjT) dh und'la-pn n n . m .

i\n\\ms*,$jC0)dhu' hdalka
earlv hours of the morning

mist ; haze dim-
; lack of charity JjU>J
misty ; hazy dim
dimness fogginess
n.m. twilight

i/p dkah'da n.m. means of livelihood
avocation . business work occupa-
tion

j}*pdkutidl& dkufi'dalks n.m. (see

under

/jpjdha'nak n.f. narrow gold lace (dial.)

/ rainbow >

t^yj&dh&iiak'na v. t, card; combjr** dhuliak'nl
'n.t. carding bow

( dhan-van adj. (dial.) rich ; wealthy
*** [S-jjf *}dhan)

•jp dha'rii adj. (dial.) rich expert (at
is* something) [

dhan'yd n.m coriander seed quality
L jUPp a hit n' yd n.m. (see under (>*!> v.t. -dr)

[^>y ihan

— rice

yP) dhau n.m. steel rim for wheel ; tyre

I dku'’“ii n.m. smohejifjfJlyrj dhit" dh-dhat
^ J adj. smoky dark torrential (rain)
fiery; impassioned (speech, etc .)tyjPjdku' afi'sa
n.m. soot adj. sootyhlrUjlJj dku'afi'sa id' na v.i.
be covered with soot

^jyfPydho'ban n.f. (see under n.m. -fc)

6f> dho'bl N.y. washerman ; laundcrerc^f Jj ’>
* (l/pli)di o' bi-pat (or pat'ra) n.m. "wash-

board wrestling trick (in which one throws
adversary right over ones shoulders)
dho'bi ghat n.f. washing wharf wash-house
tfJjtfj&jCfyfyPidko'bikakul'la na gkar ka
na ghat' ka prov.‘ dog who running after two
bones would catch neither yjPjdko'ban n.f.
laundress wagtail

dhoop n.f. sun; shining; sunshine
' incense b‘}y?jPjdkoop par'nd v.i. be

sunny ; have the sun 'shining ( on ) <
dkoop chark’na (or nikal'na ) v.i. be broad day-
light (of sun) rise high Jjl#pg'j*>dkMp' (bjkaofi
n.f. sunshine and shade shot silk sun-
proof (gaberdin c)\u)t-'j*jdhJ>op' de'na v.t. air ;
put in the sun^C^^f^yF; dhbop' kka'ha (or de'na)
v.i. bask in the sun^^lj yydhoop' gka'lt n.f.
sundial dkoop' men adv. in the sun

[ dhoop ' men bat! (or sir or Rootl'd a)
sifed’ fio'na v.i. be green despite ageClftp^
dhoop' ni'kalna v.i. (of sun) shine
‘ yP 3 dho'tar n.f. flintsy linen

’ijp dho'a n.f. waiste piece (passing between
O'* legs and fastened behind) sheet used as
cover for lower part of body

323

jf>3

jyi/

\ j yPy dkoit rgitM dusting powder

dko'ka h.m. deception imposture

delusion make-believe betrayal

treachery Kaxtoro-w tjjb^dho' ki-ba ft n.f.

fraud ; impost ureli^K^f^ke'^u dt'nS v.T. de-
fraud betray the confidence (of) ft/
dha'ka kha'na, dha‘ kt met ana v.i be

taken in be defrauded take a false step
make a mistake jf‘££j%dht>'ke ki tat'tl n.f.
false screen smoke screen ( of ) dhe' k$-
baz' h.m, & adj. (coll.) iiraudulent (person
dho'ke-ba'zi n.f. fraud l 'Jjtjf^Zjdho'ktmdi rakfcng
v.i. feed with false hopes l*j(j\£5d1v>'ke nub
raih'na v.i. be in the dark

J*Z

dhuol n.f. dust Oj I J>r > dhaoi 8ra«a v t.

raise dust slandertj^l-*jrfAW ur na v.t.
(of dust) be raised be defamed be ruin-
edbitfU^dkool jhar’na v.t. dust , beat .

i « dhaul n.m. slap thume^jt t
( JJr^dhoul jat'nb (or tags' na or mar' no) slap
thump Lf/J^dhaul Hup' pa h.m. slapping
fisticuffs

.. _ ihan'la adj. mifkwhite snowwhite
1)^3 (hair)

rfAoom n.f. fame pomp; parade^^i
yir^dhoom' dham' dnonrri dhorak'ka n.f J
pomp and show parade splendid display
dhtnmak dkay'ya n.f. noise uproar

dkoom' mafha na v.t & l make an uproar
publicize make famous(0f)};(jFj5^> dhaom'
macfina for ho'na) v.i become ^famous or
notorious

^j^yHutun n.m. half maund (weight)

^yPydlu'na v.t wash eleansc rinse
(j)j 0 jd%.o't>en n.f water in which something
has been washed

' dkaublal’ adj. skilful quick brave

JO*

jP .m dhatrii' dhout n.f (sound of) constant
(/5Ctr>coughing [oho.]

Jt jm dkeoti dhooh n.f (sound of) constant
(J^U 3 * gunshots (oho.) .

J) diftubs n.f. bluff bullyingdUflilrt/^J
U *** dkauiis' de’na for jams' na) v.t. bluff

bully l"u/</ J 3 9 3 dhnuts' meh a 'na v.i. be bluffed
be bullied LJ>>*jdh 0 ub’siya n.m. bully
yj 0 jdhdvti’~a>H. m. large drum

L-A-dkaubk'na v.i. blow air into (somc-
\rjr, ^ thing) with the bellows dhauv.k' ni
n.f bellows ; pair of bellows
% „ dhoo'ti n.f fumigation incense
ij*) smoke &t‘lJj*dkot'ii H'ma , V.T. . burn
incense fumigate *mok*ftVyC^d^>rf]Wrf
tama'na (or lagana) v.i (dial.) bum incense

like a Hindu ascetic (of Hindu) become an
asce tic dhoo'm le ns v.i. inhale smoke or
undergo fumigation

iS<> da'himM. (dial, k.) curds , yogurt

tijg % dhysn n.m. attention comemplahori
w .. (dial.) meditation|J(Jy(^</AjriM bats' fia
v.i. divide attention . distract ({$l)\sfoi£dkyan
dSna (or lagana) v.i. (dial.) contemplate
meditate (sCtfbjdhjsn' rakh’na v.i. bear in
mind keep in view attend (to) look
(after) I’JfJ^dhysn' kar'na v.i. pay attention
(to) take notice (of) l‘iUi^!54lyaii' met n*
la'rta v. ignore ; disregard ; pay no attention
(to) , pay no heed (to)

jy dhi'raj n.f. composure forttude
perseverance firmnes

dhi'raj rakh-'ns (or se kam le'na) v.i. be com-
posed show fortitude be firm perseverance
're dhi’rt adv. slowly softly
C noiselessly : without noise

gradually ; step by step gently
tim.dlv'la n.m. (old coin) half-pice (equivalent
to 132nd of a rupee) (ffidhe'Il n.f. half-
rupee , 50-paisa coin

Ljp. dhl'ma, ADJ. (f.(/5dhi'nd) not severe
mild soft (sound) calm subdued
mitigated temperate dim slow
lacking vehemence It^f^dkl'ma por'ita v.i. be
calm become less severe lose vehemence
be mitigated bfjl&dhi'ma dhi ma adj. gentle
mild adv. gently mildly
$J&jdhjt'ga adj. stout fat

jffiUpdhin'ga mOsh'H M.F. ‘ fisticuffs melee

i di'ya n.m. lamp earthen lamp without
« any glass to cover flame Vjfclydi'ya bet' ft
kor'na v.t. light a \ampil*%i*di'ya borha'na v.i
put out a lamp n.f. match;

match-stick match-box ^(J^^f^di'ya '-se/a"!

ki dib'ya ‘ w.f. match-box
. daya n.f. (dial.) mercy benevolence
S'* favour J 13 daya' lot n.m. (dial.) merci-
ful charitable' is)

• diysr n.m. country region territory;
soil ; land at.M. pl. (rare) hrases ^c&3
diyj ' r-e gh air' n.m. alien soil foreign land [A -
sins^If housej

^lydiys'leQ+n}. -(dial.) generous*! - U*]

. diya’ti n.f. honesty . probity ; in-
tegrity faith fidelity j Its b* diya' nal-d4>

324

mjj. honest .faithful conscientious
diyai nsl-da ri ti.i'. honesty ; probity ; integrity
fidelity faithfulness [A ~
ili'bn n.m. tissue brocade |P]

, ++

n.m. preface; foreword; iiitro-
V*** duction I*)

l -Sy dip nm. (dial.) lamp [SI
t-

/ di'pak n.m. name of a major mode of
classical Indo-Pakistan music pertaining
to summer (dial.) lamp [SJ

dt'yal n.f, blood monev [A~ Ijl]

•sc**

daijoor' n.f. long^dark night adj. daft ;
... pitch-dark %^?dia'b-e daijoor' n.f. very
dark night [P] *" A

did n.f. seeing watch i ng jSf'j} j. j did'

m shUrifd' ph. strange preposterous
no information jl^ydldar' n.m. sight ^ view
interview or meeting (with beloved)Jfj^
djdar'-buz n.m. & adj. ogling (person) yjijki
didaioo adj. (col.) pretty ; handsome ; comely
(jj.) di'dani adj. Worth > seeing di'dah adv.
having seen suf. seen di'dah danis' tak Zffjjy
dt'da-o d unis' tah adv. "knowingly delibe-
rately [P~ fcbyto see]

>U»> didur* n.m. (see under 6 {^v.t.)

di'dah n.m. eye#j2o di' da-re' & n.f. hard
work work calling for great effort
minute work folftfjbfydl' da-re' zl ka hum n.m,
minute tope of work Cl^j^^ijdi'dvfi ku paint
ikal'na v.t. become impudent lose modesty
be shameless tjijf£2?dl'df phdr'na v.t. ogle
gaze stare \$Sp££<H'ylt ph/itnu ad|.
harnefaced impudent [I fai£fdi'dt matka'na

v.r.ogle make eyes at; to wanton with the
xlfti 0\4k£?di' dt tiikal’na v.t. glare
Shakjl-di'dah adj. impudent shamefaced

|P)

J) Sait n.m. monastry temple [A)

••

j derHt f. delay tardiness passage of
*4te&0jd*’r a'yad duru' si a'yad prov.
better late than" never better because late !

\jj dtr'-pa adj. lasting durable tjfojdtr'
Uk adv. for a long time till late (in the
evening, etc.) uS,/fdn' it adv. since long
lat tl'IrD-^dft’ srb'aa v.i. be late ; come latel*#/>
dir' laga'nd V.T, delay be late waist
time take a iotof time (oyerjor in) tySidtr'
ho'na v i. be Utt^/jdfrl n.f. (col.) delay

tardiness [P]

m . deri’nah, adj. old ; ancient veteran
seasoned stale [P]

• diroz’ n.m. yesterday the past
diro’zah adj. yesterday’s past
stale [P] .

<r|) des. (dial. iji> dish) n.m. country ; land

ba ~ des ' ^ or des ' des ^
ptiirna v.i. " wander from country to country
travel ahovXp^j^jdts-nika la n.m. exile ,
banishment ; ostracism extradition
des'-niku'lu de'ns v.t. exile ; banish Q’pftj^da-
niku'la mil'na v.i. be exiled ; be banished
be extradited (f&de'si adj. indigenous
home-made native real (stuff) verna

cular n.m. native

t.Jj dekh'na v.i. see look at behold
observe inspect search weigh well
take care feel (pulse) fjujjdekh’ bhal n.f.
looking after ; care che<Jc-up scrutiny

recpnnaissance pyil/j de' kha bhs'fa adj. tried
Jybfjde'kka'de'khi adv. emulating in imitation
( l/b&de'kka kar'nu v.j. keep looking be

waiting \f t (J?>de k ha hu"n aDj. tried known
seen ^tp^idekh'le dekh’te adv. in the pre-
sence of ^before one’s very eyes through
looking continuously or for long Cl?tja2£-dekk'te
raih ja'rid v.i. gaze in vain stand gazing

in wonder or dismay 2^/dekh! It raih'nu v.i.
look after keep an eye (on) keep a watch
goon looking £>ta(&tfdikh.'na bhul'na v.t.
try examine inspect reconnoitre

dekhine meh ana v.i. appear ; come into slgflt
be visible be found Cbjfidtkk p&’na v.t.
get a chance to see ascertain dekh'na v.i.
(col.) be seen appear come in sight

be found b£ able, to see not

to be blind

S'drgfi.r. big pot cauldron SjfvgB
wrought \TOTL,^?jdeg’diah jHlW

N.M. large saucepan £} dig' At N.F.
saucepan fydrg'-d&n n.m. (rare)

.fireplace [P| s,

f dl'gat adj. (also Jsdi'gar)
other another again n.m.
afjemoon prayers | P] „

£ y digl adj. wrought (iron) (

/ di'mak N.F. white-ant ; termite
dt'/nak-khur'dah adj. eaten by termite
di'mak lag' na v.i. beeaten by termite [P] ’
fj ) Jin n.m. (fl. djbjfadysn') religion ; faith
tls(JJdlh'-j>anah' adj. defender of the faith

<h n-t haq m.m. Islam (as the true faith)
Jin'-rfar adj. & n.m. religious (person) the
faithful piously din'-da'ri n.f. religious-
ness piety kt lara"i n f. religious
mefi mila'na v.t. convert ; pro-
selytize tf i di'ni adj. religious [A]

dain'sM. debt liability [A]

tyj 9 den n.f. (see under l/av.T. if)

de lta v.t. give pay grant
" offer yield produce

allot lay (egg)Cp^rde de'na v.i.
away make over (to) den n.f.

bestowal giving ctftflleri den n.m.

monetary transactions traffic (in)

and take

j&9 dinar' n . m . dinar [A - L]

1 iy dev' (col. de'o’) n.m.

•* (lit.) devil Jsjjdev-pai '

giant
kar adj .

confer

emite

give

gift

dealings

give

ogre

gigantic

r . dev' n.m. (dial.) deity , God Cjjdeyo’ta (or
V Persianized dev' la) n.m. (dial.) deity God
jjt/j dev‘-ba'nl n.f (dial.) Sanskrit (as the
language of Gods’) J IMjdeu -ma'la n.f. mythology
lifkij dev-rtag' ri n.f. Sanskrit script Jjfde'vl n.f.

(dial.) goddess noble~tady pious woman
Cixji tjde'vi dev'la n.m. pl. (dial.) gods and
goddesses pantheon / . >

NF - wa ^ ivar'

•* utha'na (or bans' na or eh tin ns or khehch'na)
v.t. raise build or rear yJ’^jljJdtvar' bUh' ghar
ph. adjacent house c(-ejlJ*<tiva r-e chin' n.f. _
the great wall of China bighaviervJ^Jiyj
dtoa'r-e qaih'qahah n.f. the great wall of China
i as inducing its scalers to laugh) hearty, laugh
J$<jlfd?jZjiJjdmr' ke bhi k&ri ham, Wtffffjljh
divafy ham “gosh' da' rad prov. walls have ears
(£ Jjijsdivar'-gi'rl n,f. bracket wall-lamp
arras adj. wall (lamps, etc.) [P]

1 1 i dins' lah, Jljtfdivs'lak n.m. bankruptcy ; in-
~ » solvency Qtf’JIJjdlva lah ttikal ns v.t.
declare one’s insolvency \ bring to verge of
financial collapse ^jfyljUdivaiah niksl'na n.f.
become insolvent collapses financially be
absolutely lacking diva liyah n.m.

bankrupt ; insolvent iackinf^ diva' Hj/ah-
pan m.m. bankruptcy ; insolvency lack (of)
1; divsli n.f. (Hindu) festival of illumina-
(J ** tions (celehrating Ramas\ resumption of
power) (S ) \

i, divan’ n.m. collected odes 'of single
poet with all pieces alphabetically arrang-
ed according last letter of couplets divan ,
courts ; cushioned platform (arch.) royal
court (arch.) Prime Minister (arch.)
secretary, revenue or financial secretary; minister
(arch.) tribunal (arch.) revenue depart-
ment ; secretariatt/VclV^ii^ ' 1 **’ n.m.
Cabinet; Privy Council Privy Council Chamber
styl divan -kha’nah n.m. drawingroom
lounge hall prival hall of audience ; court
fcciyjdiva' n-e ‘ am ‘ n.m. public hall of audience
[A -PI

• it diva' nah n.m. madman; lunatic
** v frenzied lover adj. mad ; insane ; lunauc
frenzied (lover) fanatical crezy

jl*fijj£j&jy>dwanah ba-kar~e khesh’ hushtySi '
prov. even a madman is save enough to look
after own i n terests ^dioa ' rus-pan n.m. JIJj
diva nap. n.f. insanity ; madness , lunacy
frenzy craze, fanatacism jfljbdtoa'ni n.f .mad
woman adj. mad (woman) fP)

M 9 diva n n.f civil court (see under
mjt) adj. civil (court, l^w, pro-
cedure, etc.) (see under Wrk) fFl
Ijjdev'ta n.m. (sec under r yj n.m.)

> j dioat n.m. lamp-stand
candle stick [ - Lj ]

i , dayyoos' n.m. cuckold Jjbdayyoc'si N.r.

cuckoldry [A]

JlyJ} deodar' n.m. cedar

2 de'oar n.m. husband’s younger brother ;
brother-in-law tfjjf deyora'm n.f. wife of
husband’s younger brother ; sister-in-law
jjy ^ deyo'la n.m. large \axnp deyo' U n.f,

** small lamp [ ~ lj |

&t> d yoon ' n.m. pl. debts [A-sino. dain)

(fjjde'vi n.f. (sec under r Jj n.m. -fc)

oydeh n.m. village (gide'hl adj. rural; rustic
£*lf>dehat’,£>\>dchai' n.m. village n.m. pl.
villages'!*^* bgrfrAaf-e khaTuah n.m, pl. villages
comprising Crown lands ; State villages
deha'ti, “fit fdeha'ti adj. rural rustic; bonish
n.m. rustic ; boor [P doublet ofw*A)

<S> dnihim n.m. crown [Pl

►

y

326

gWStlWSBWK

3J

I

^ twelfth letter of

(equivalent to English d )

dal

Urdu alphabet
(in jummal

pond , pool (dish.) wash-

reckoning (equivalent to 3 dal) four

N M ‘ unripe cocoanut sword-
« belt a kind of grass twined to form bed-
'irings

,, * di'bar n.m.
stand ; basin

bak n.m. (dial.) fresh water from well

#»

n.f. . arch arched doorway

vault stopper cork (A/at lagans

v 1. close (doorway, arch, etc.) with brick-
wor ^ , arch vault cork ; put a stopper

fon) lag'tii v.i. be arched be

vaulted (of arch, etc.) be closed with brick-
work be corked ; have a stopper put on
tpdar h.t. swarm ; flock branch

if/* 1 ’

jlS

\darh
roar

N.F.

loud

bough

(usu. variant oCjipjdohar' ,
cry (dial. {orsylj n.f. *)
ro'nn v.i weep bit-

y l<tai / IUUU try

d drjuit mar' kar

terly

\f>J Ijdd'rhd n.m. (dial. forU>*/j n.m. if)
— K ^ ^

ljJ')4* n - .f. (dial. iorffjbr*

★)

l^Mdik n.f. post , mail
ImJ 'J relays of men or horses
communications series of

(arth.) postal
for continual

,-7, ^ -y-~- w. , spasms of adj.

post ; postal (tPljl'tyJljdak' biihd'na (or laga’n'a)
v.'r. send out postal relays communicate
rapidly and for long i U&rfj’dak' baiih'na v.i, (of
communications) take place rapidly and for
l° n g Jr?iji*dak’-bafig'lak n.f. dak bunglow ; rest
house ($JgiJljdak'~&au'ki n.f. (arch.) postal relay
yi^jffdak'-khslnahytiM- post office
postal departments*!^/// dak' ga'ri n.f. mail
train mail van tf^i/dak lag'na v.i. (of
communications) take place rapidly and for long

hiccup)
postman

courier "

da'koo n.m. dacoit ; robber ; >brigand ;
* bandit ; highwayman ;
biiih'ri (or samufi'dari) dakou n.m. pirate /’^de.’krJt
‘v'ljdaki n.m. dacoity banditry ; robbery high-

wav |/«uvv » J OJIVI 1UI

have frequent spasms (of vomiting or hie
-Sifda'kijah, l/i/js’kiya n.m. postma

<• P

ifyb

way robbery ; brigandage i'/^jJaka par' ns v.i.

be attacked by dacoits be robbed

da' kd ddl'nn v.t. commit a dacoity rob
& V'lfda'ka-ta'ni n.t dacoity ; robbery ; high-
way ; banditry ; brigandage

JS da'kiyah n.m. (see under Ob n f if )

*•

ffj'dal n.f. branch , bough twig ; spray

0 irrigat ion basket l£ /J>. fdal' ka pak'ka adj.
ripened on the branch iffijlfd al' kd too' fa adj.

plucked from the branch frcshw^J/JJ/j^V

too dal' dal' maik pat' pal' prov over-reaching;

1 can outwit you at your game you can't get
me 1 know how to harass you

/j> da'lar n M. dollar adj. dollar ^(/da'/on
adj. dollar U S. financial *5^/^///
da lari siya'sat n.f. U.S. financial strategy ;
dollar diplomacy [E]

dal' ns v.t. pour lay wear ; put
7 on sow ; broadcast ; scatter vomit
throw down post take (woman) as mistress
^jjbdaf de'na v.t. lay down throw away ;
cast away quit; abandon
ti^da'li n.f. branch; bough bribe
0 ' present of fruits, etc. spread on tray and
partially covered with flowers
i+ ydam'clia n.m. field watchman’s elevated
!s platform

. K.Pdakt'na v.t. chide
** v reprove
dapat n.f.
reproof

H'lJ

scold > rebuke

browbeat ^tdakt , dsiZjjdaht
chiding ; scolding rebuke

^•i-^dafid n.m.

oarsman

oar staff (S^Jddk'dl n.m.
boatman

,bttl>daii' da n.m. boundry line dak’ dr

’ mil'na v 1. (of two or twain) meet ; be-

other

converge

come adjacent to each
merge into one another

n.f. sedan-chair n.m. (see undej’bit)

fp

t^dHidibg n.f. hilltop (dial.)j'ump

P

* 1 ^dafi'oak dol adj. unsteady un-

settled homeless ££jj(j!dbdak’vak dol
tramp be unsettled
spite jealousy malice

jftld

pkir'na v.i.

0 (j d ah n.f.

/•Pi^di' itaik' tar n.m. director (/JJylfda'traik'tari
Syn.t. directory (E]

(jj\)4*''in n.f. diary [E]

dayol n.m. dial [E]

y^ljda’jamatd jooVlt n.f. Diamond Jubilee

•*. >1 .‘ l :

jp

t'l'poo n.m. depot ration depot (Ej

y depoote' span n.m. deputation |E]

ft I 1 da 'in n.f. witch*. hag malicious
woman bki das'

glia r (hkor' kar kha'ti hai

da'insmait n.m. dynamite |E|

y* b d<t’’inamo, daiitmo n.m. dynamo [E]

n.f. leather going into oil-pot

• 3 manufacture fastening end of waist-
piecc (also used as purse)

^ } dib’ba N.m. (same as n.m. ,,.?★)

_J l j duba'oo AD|. (see under tfjjv.i. *fc)

\ljjy dtbditba'na, (Cif}r)l‘tl£jdub'duba a'na (or
. Jana ) v.j. (of eyes) be filled with tears
SJ ) dab'rs n.m. pool

£ dab'ka N.M. also dab ke ka pa' ni ph.

• ' freshly drawn water from well

b.j l da' bal roHl n.f. bread; Western-style
(j^U, leavened loaf

. . > dUbo'na v.t. drown sink dip , im-
"V* merse inundiate- waste ruin
disgrace ; humiliate jbfdiba’oo adj. out of
man’s depth ; drowning quite deep

N - F * dip plunge C&(fj *dub’ki
lags' na v.t. dive

kfdib'bah n.m. box packet carton

* ''Jalso Jlib^jdib'ba atfal') infantile pleurisy

sS*) iib'yah n.f. small box packet carton

•

, da' pat' n.f. £{/f<ja.pia’na v.t. (see under

< Ui/v.i. it) *

i.£ & da' pat' n a v.t. rebuke chide brow-

■ beat (of horse) gallop ; canter ijgfda'pat
a f. rebuke menace challenge threat
(usu. with ct/lfdabt) C&Jdapfa'na v.t. gallop (a
horse)

dip'll n.m. Deputy kalak’tar

(col t£a dipt} kalat'tarf n.m. Deputy
Collector s^SfrfjdiJf kamish'na r n.m. Deputy
Commissioner d sap'rafitafidafit n.m.

Deputy Superintendent Deputy Superin-
tendent of .Police ; D.S.P. [E]

I J i ^ diplo'ind n.m. diploma Ijhdiplo' ma-yaf lah
■V adj.- diplomaed ; diplomad ; diploma-
holder (E)

dat'na, tff&jdap ja'na v.t. take a form

J stand ; put up a bold front be pitted
(against)

jjfdar n.m. fear dread awe scare

danger i JjUadar’pok adj. coward
dastardly timid \Jjs darna v. be afraid of
fear be frightened be terrified be scarred
I'lsidara'na v.t. frighten terrify lf[,jdarh”-
onu adj. frightful terrifying dreadful

horrid horrible

draf's main n.m. draftsman [E]

//j/3 dara'mah, L^jdara'ma n.m. drama (Ej

f,t£y, dara’ing room n.m. drawing room
s b

dara'ivar n.m. driver [E]

(Jypdaril' n.f. drill [E]

LP £da\k’yal n.m. & adj. (derog.) bearded
V~. (person) [-(fjifi

dispaifi'sari n.f. dispensai7 [E]

y (pjk dis'tik N.M. district d is' ti k bar'd

* n.m. , District Board dis'tik

kaunsal n.f. District Council dgZ&p'adu'tik
majis'taret n.m. District Magistrate [E] „

yi dis'mis adv. dismiss adj. dismissed ij »
U~ * dtis'misal n.f. dismissal [E}

\p^ydds'na v.t. (of snake) bite

, ’f * daf n.m. tabor ; small drum

' ' rr>

u daf'li n.f. tambourine Jijtytyijfjfjflfyap'm
id P ap’tii daf'li ap'na ap'na rag' prov. each one
striking a different note ifdafa'lt Jyjjdafaicfii
n.m. drumbeater [~A^i corr.)

& i. not to belch eat voraciously (fig.)
embezzle (fig. I keep one’s counsel ijtfo’dakar'na
v.t. & i. belch embezzle ^
bjfb dikte tar n.m. dictator (£/&ijikte'tari n.p
^. dictatorship [E]

l‘l jy dak tana v.i. low bellow
(jjs^pdiksjt ‘nar't n.f. dictionary (Ej

m.

YL *

gulp

robber , bandit.

dokoi'na , dhttkoi nn

"S' ' * down greedily

^ffdakait’ n m dacoit , iow ut i , i/nnuit .
y ^ A

♦* brigand , highwayman footpad j

dakai’ll n.f. dacoity ; robbery highway , rob-
bery banditry , brigandage [doublet of /b ]

J f/ jp dog n.m. stride step pace fyfjfdog
2 bhm'na v.t. step out stride take
dong) steps

I'lfj digs na v.t. cause to stagger [ ~ Oi caus.]

n

n.f dntm , juggler’s 1 "

n

drum

y da gat n f

path

5“' ‘s r pain tTJlCav — —

ni da gat pat thal'na

tread a beaten path

dtg'rl n.f decree degree

tsltqra'riyyah dig' n n.f declaratory decree
( l ijA Pgrt puns (or haul karna) v.i
get or obtain a decree obtain a decree (from
court) Vjtfjlfijjjdtgti jdtl kat- nn v.T. enforce
or execute a decree jl } (jj*dig rl-dftr n.m. decree-
holder adj . jhdgmcnt ditm v t

lecree , adjudge admit to the degree (of)
tali adv. degree-holder ;
diploma’d (fjjd&tuiba' It dig'ri n.f. judgment by
cognovit jf*jA? ok -tar'a/ah dig'ri n.f. ex parte
decree

t & dagmagnna \v.i stagger real

^ lottor d?)dag mag adv staggering
sealing *~f%fjdagmags‘hat n.f stagger reel
dig' ns v.i stagger

\ - f beat o( drum for some an-

nouncement such announcement
t^dc' la n.m. lump clod Jjda'Ii \ r
lump piece clod betel-nut loal.
lump or culic (of sugar) $5iflj/*rrtis'fl ki da'li n.f
sugar loaf

jydala' n n.m. heap of rubbish

v> da'lakno v.i. glitter U^jda'tak glutei

• t

\Jy dal na v.i. (coll.) be put

fitegg*

^f^^ulva'nu v_t. cause to be
put cause to be shoved in

- lillj CAUS.)

n.f (see under J? n.m. ir)

J^dat'lah, Jjfilma'i dal’lah n.f (fig.) seductiv
/ >* aS

0 3 dftl'ya n.f. basket wicker-work tray

iflm'too n.m. hour glass-like drum

stem of plant

Uf* iah ik-al n.m. stalk
3 chaff ; straw petiole
kbjjdaftd n.m. damages ; compensation
s* ' mdemnitj penalty (less usu. variant
V/S tufdafid bfiar’na v.i. pay the damages :

(before

(dial.)

indemnify gjtjtfdafid' par' nit v.i. be penalized
have to* indemnify be held responsible
lor damages U ijJ;>4atu£ ial’na v.t. panalize
charge damages hold responsible lor

damages

.P^daft'd.a n.m. rod stick
staff cliib flag-pol
dafi'dd do'[{ kar'nd v.t.. lift some 0
one up by his arms and legs

ddb’q le baja'te phir'na v.i. loaf
about without earning one’s livelihood
& b,*4afi4aul n.f. ^( dial.) prostration
idol. kar'na v.i.
prostrate oneself (before idol) [S]

/ ^daii'di n,f beam (of scales) lever
'sJ* 3 path stem petioJcA(£4>§aft V? dot

n.m. weighmanl Ijl tfjl/dafi'di mnr'na v.t give
short weight

Jjdi'nar n.m. dinner (E)

p\ ^da/iy' n.m. crossbar-like gymnastic exercise
s performed on the ground pel'na

v.i perform this exercise
/itilank n.m. sting (of wasp or .scorpion)

1,5 (fig.) malicious step SAiji^ijf/daiik toga',
ior mrir'na) v.t. Sting _ (fig.) damage
pdafi'ka n.m. kettle-drum (fig ) fame
* (lig.) notorietyCl/l^dflfc'Art baja'na v.t. &i
beat a drum make a name (for) rule ,
reign C£jf'‘tdafi’ ki baj’tta v.i. (of drum) be
beaten be famous cfJsflf£.jdaii' kt ki chof'
kmh fla v i. proclaim bv'beat of drum
declare assert boldly ^

Jfjdnb'gar n.m (usn in yn.jPjpfadkor daft ga>

6

na

^.cattleherd
Lr 1 * dultg'ya n.f. ^mall mug Idim. - Ifjj)

*

W>JJ

I hr)

330

^y

dhd'ira v.t. raze ; demolish ; pull down
knock down subject to (tyranny, etc.)
l\jt)£sVqiya mat Oka na V.t. & I. let loose a
reign of tyranny . do some enormity
ivl ^dkarp'iui, (£'ie>>0kafik'na v.t. . hide ; con -
•i "^ceal cover ; put lid, etc. over
% I *JhAfich,j?[p)Jhanih.ah n.m. skeleton

skinny person draft plan outline

ftlarj dhahk'na v.t. (same asUJp/v.T. it)

A p Ok an gar n.m. bank of stream

'* i**<!ha"ijipj’larha’i adj. two-and-a-half
(fig.) short lived ; ephameral sudden ;
swift Ljfjiffi/oka ’i (kUl'loo la'hoo pitta v.t.
murder (someone) to appease one’s anger gpJUv
din kt had {ha hat ph. ephemeral
glory vT(f(jj*Jla»dka'i gka'ri kl alia v.t (as
imprecation) come to sudden death

m f dkab n.m. fashion ; style ; mode manner

(ones) liking use profit benefit
control (iiplj'A^^ p )dkab' par chnrhs'na ior
lagans) v.t. mould (someone) after one’s heart
par cjtark'na v.t. come under
the control (of) be wheedled bykA^jOkab' ha
adj . reasonable useful timely
dhobi I a adj. well proportioned body n.m. per-
son with such body t^P&bdhab dhab adj. watery
and tasteless (stew)
lfsf)dk>b‘ ri n.f. nut

iJ^^dkob'bas^Upfrdhaboos adj. fat and ungainly
H^ffdkabl'la adj. comely ; well propor-
tioned >

jq bdkaP n.f. tambourine t^^jdhap dkap 1.1.
•? ^drum-beat

& dhap'poo adj. n.m. tall and fat (person)

^dkita’i n.f. shamelessness impudence
audacity [~

dkatW gar J^&Z^f'dkatiflg’ rs n.m. >

dkatiiig'ri n.f. stout (person) ; well-built
(person)

JP* dka' char adj. old and emaciated n.m.
s’!* fuss skeleton [
ijpjdhad'do n.f. hag

dah'daks adj. blooming ; blossoming
bright red or yellow btfjjdahdaha'na v.t.
bloom flourish
yj>)<jaih'r n.m. pool pit

*j^/P)dhiir’ >a n.m. path : wav )mc

^j’diak'na

ns v.t. hide; conceal cover n.m.
lid ; cover

dkakos'ls n.m. babble silly talk
f decejnion ; fraud
b dhakos'na v.t. & i. cat greegdily

^ gulp down _ t

dhalati' n.m. slope ; declivity l~0&>]

. ^dkala'na, lijjfjdhalva'na have moulded ; get
•'***'' {orgedjJOJpfdhala n.f. forging re-
muneration for it

"A^dku’a"! N.F. carriage ; transportation
* . charges for it ; carriage
t.Up^dha lak' na v.t. roll down drip slip
"^■^dow n&Pidkat'ka n.m. watering of eyes
i&P) dhalka'na v.t. roll down^ cause to
spill cause to slip down ctf! dkit -mil
yaqin' adj. wavering ; vacillating credulous
i •tjJ’dkal'na v.i. be cast ; be moulded be
forged >(of youth beauty, etc.) pass away
decline iM*fejdin' dhaVns v. of day decline)
J£*titfdin' dka'le adv. towards the evening

phir'ti chks'on adj. changeable-
ness' of worldly things ; vicissitudes of life Or
fortune

Ji^^dhxiIvSn yjlffijdhs'loo adj. sloping; slant-
*S**'mg • >

Jkalva'tia v.t. (same as ^lM’J ) v.t )f

l*( J&i dkuha'ns v.t. to cause to carry cause
v'Jr‘ to be transported cause to be carried
on shoulders or back f ~ O^oausJ k
i, Jr, Mdkund'na v.t. be searched IwnJdkundvatia
v. r. cause to be searched
| i>, bdkaMo'rs n.m. proclamation by beat of

drum l/jovjdka'hdo ' ra pit na be pro-
claimed thus l&zJiji>jdhaiulo’ra pit ns v.t. pro-
claim thus give wide currency to
ifl/i* larks ba'ghdl men dhaiidnrs diaih'r nub
prov. much ado about nothing (fjtjdPJdh ahdtt r ' cht
n.m. town crier one who proclaims by
beat of drum * > f

iJ> bdhund'js n.f. search ry^J^’jdkdnd' ta par'ns
be much sought for be searched

everywhere [ - (.>>*£]

% bJkattg n m., x manner ; made device;
method Ja/’na v.t, begin
,* _ ^Jhaiana v.t. cause, to be pulled down ; be
demolished [ ~ l te/cAvs."* ^

J^tdhor n.m. cattle (usy. a%) Jd/jjPjdkur' dan ga.
* n.m. pi., rattie

\j 20)Ohe' 'a AAdkn'Okd n.m gram weevil

NM - * ar 8 c drum, tomtom
• 4kol' ka pot n.m. hollowness Toeing
exposed oSjj/dfUkov kn pol kkul'na v.i. be
exposed <~tfj*jdfioilak n.f. small drum ; tomtom
1 jJ* dko'li n.f. bundle of two hundred (betel*-
U* ' leaves)

I'Jdko' v.t bear carry transport

remove

& b > dkauft’cJid adj. & n.m. four-and-a-half j

i •ijjJ’dhQopd'nii, t>i¥>)dhoo1i4' le'na v.t

search for ; look for seek track out
track down Jjfotjijpfihoofid' dkaoftd' kar adv
after some search

f‘J , 4kotig n.m. hoax feint imposture
** fraud false excuse {k&rfdkohg racha'na
V.T. & I. put up a hox leign jPj*/dkoti'gija
adj. impostor trickster
^pbdhai' y i n.f. hanging on ; stay as an unwant-
C? ^ed guest l$>tf*!>dh.ai'’i b de'na stay thus ; hang
onOfjdh,ai'na, pcty'da (or ja'na)

v.i. collapse ’ fall down

adj. shameless ; shamefaced ,

, •* \ brazen-faced lacking sense of honour

jf^dhtta'i N;F, ir

ju&}4hid n.f. discharge from eye corner

jJ* 4k.tr ‘ n.m. heap stack ; accumulation
adj. much abundant; ample
4krt kar'tis v.t. heap up accumulate
kell ; murder I'lfrfyjpfdhzr' ho ja'na v.i
collapse be slain ; be killed , be murdered
become a heap (^Pjdke'ri n.f. small heap
loi > “

up dkil n.f. loosening slackness relaxa-
lionU£^fj*d&j/' dena v.t. & i. give a long
rope relax loosen release more of kite’s
string VjjmjdhH' kar'rta v.i. delay dawdle
JJLf/dAl'/a, adj. (f. loose noi

light slack inattentive couragcless J/ Ikf/

^IpdhJ'la par ja'na v to become loose ; io skulk
Jhi'td-pan n.m. looseness slackness
Vjjk^jdhi'li (ana Pit. n.f. slut , loose woman
I ~ PCi/ woman )

^p^dht'la n.m. eled eyeball &D? > )dht'l&
** Una v.i. use' clod for toilet

U&b .L/O> ir dkeh‘chooil dh-rft' ckoo* ibl

N.F bray (of ass)

£*B>J > dkeilk’li n.f
1 ** ^ somesclf

?sa-

s».r-

pfyp^dhtngor, tb&S&Mgrd ad * ’’
/C>tk N.M. stout person louttfj^jilki

/sdj. & n.f. well build (girl, etc ) >. »

b dipar%maht n.m. department
y,. dipart'mafital adj. departmental (EJ
4*t& N - F - evil eye A baft' Hi n.f
** charm, etc. to oflset influence of evil eye
- jK de'rah n.m. (temporary) dwelling male
*• apanmmiit,"J}jUlfi/fde'rah dal'na [or kar'ni)
v.i. encamp pitch a tent hang on
/tfy 5 de''ari n.f da.\ry(jlf(fj'jdc‘’an fat’m (E'

'C |« It

< , p

/j4iza"in n.m. design (E)

jj^)4tfaifts' n.m. defence [EJ

jpjtjderh adj. & n.m. one-and-awhalf-^jfe^^'
** op'ni derk ' iftt' hi mas'jid alag baitb'nd

v.t. withdraw from the majority and form a small
party of one’s own ; be too opinionate to side
with ethers ; withdraw from the society of other
through overweaning pride k

L*dil n.m. bulk state re cor nJ&J'jdil'

U., daul’ n.m. bulk stature ,

> fy^dai'liga n.m. delegate J^~idai' Ifgishan
4 - ^V^n.m. delegation [E]
imJ&jdtog N.F. boasting | vaunting ; pride

mar' nd (or hdftk'na) v t. brag;

boast

.84 pdoo't inf duty [E],

1 ^pfjjdeyo'rka adj one-and-a-half ; half, again
** fjitfjJ) deyo'rkd dar'jah (ped. < fa' rajah)
n.m. inter class (compartment, etc.)
iP*A ’deyo'rhi n.f. entrance threshold

V y — porch ; portico

fjjfdtyook' n.m. duke (E)

•• ■

jf*d\"ar adj. & n.m. dear (EJ

••

it ♦ H

?• * S

I 9 j

jftasr x&votr.

* (el thirteenth letter of Urdu alphabet (also

* ealled (dl-t mo''jantah (equivalent to English
th sofi) (in juntmai reckoning) 700

£/• (at n.f. naval') personality „

t M entity existence self person body
caste pref. partaining to possessor of
possessed of l-ut-jaftb n.m. pleurisy

t tJ'&IJza t-ul-n'yah/A^&jta' t-*i->ad > n.m. pneu-
inoma^ti^ djzdt' bd hn aDJ.~ oincasic

332

/»

Zai' ba'hir kar'na declare an outcaste : cxcom-

castc

caste

rnunicatc^l^a/' pal' n.f.
s y stcm y^>l}ZH'hesharf'N.u. (iion.) arrant or
consummate knave ,meh ba(tak

Inga' n a v.t. bring bad name (to) gil'

mtfi bat ink lag'nav.i. get. a bad nam c'flljza'li

hdisiy'yat n.f. personal status^^J&a/f Uya'qal
N.F. intrinisic value real" merit
Zati mo'amalst' n.m. pl. personal affairs [A]
((•Zakir n.m. (pl .tfjij zakir in') professional
■* ^reciter of Shi’ite varses adj. (one) who re-
members ‘ (SjSsza'kirx n.f. profession of reciting
such elegies [ A ~ J)~\

(JhjyZ&'hil n.m. & adj. careless [A]

—(i , Za"iqah N.M. taste

*ji’Za iqa/i n.u. taste relish sense of

^ ■ , taste'^St(/«a'’«jij-</ar' adj. tasty-

savoury [A

y‘\zib'h n.m. slaughtered animal, etc. ; victim

C/ 7 [A -POLL.]

Z<b'A n.m. sacrifice slaughter according
L/* to Islamic tenets l‘f£Szab'h kar’na v.t.
kill sacrifice slaughter (according to Islamic
tenets) Vjjfcizab'fr ho'na v.i. be killed be
slaughtered be sacrified £’jgabtk' n.m.
victim sacrificial animal j&lfeJzabi'h ulish' n.m.
appellation of Ishmael zabi'hah n.m. animal
slaughtered for food according to Islamic
tenets [A]

jjj'Zalwh'la N.m .(fjfszatvan'li n.f. scii
^ noble family [ ~ A^jj]
j'lpjzakha"tr n.m, (see under fygjir)

scion of a

hoard

L'zakfo'roh n.m. stock store ni
treasure U/jjrjzakhi'rah kar'na v.i
stock storey GJzakha' ’ir n.m. pl. stock,
stores hoards [A]

I •zara' adj. (dial^J^a'rl) a little while; little
while int. please would you J/jJ/Jza'ra za'-
ra adj. little by little ; bit by bit every bit
the whole of ^vlyii/fza'ra zg'ra kar'-kc adv.
little by little bit by bit by degrees \/}ii
za'ra sa adj. a little trivial
za'ra ss mUtih' ni'kal n'na v.i. grow very weak
l/Jj'l/S za'ra ki Za'ra adv. just for a. while {~ A
znr'rak]

^ imzarrat' n.m. particles specks mole-
"•v^cules atoms [A ~ SING. 0,3]

IV>

&

■;>

yard [A]
Zara"*' n.m.

cubit

means

fore-arm

resources

agencies media [Arsing.

•zarrah n.m. (pl .£>Jznrrat') "particle

V 3 speck mote molecule atom [A]
za'ri adj; (dial, for l/Jif)

i y*/.\zarny‘yal n.f. zi/rnyyai') offspring,

'■^■'progeny [A]

> • zati'ah n.m. (Pt.^/,1 zara"e‘) means
medium agency source interven-
tion influence help recourse isJi/vJ&s)
Zari"ah pai'da kar'na v.i. find means ’’Save
recourse lo jJ/L ba- zati' ‘ ah. zari'‘c (se)

adv. by means of with the help of by
virtue of through the intervention of by
having recourse to [A]

,.9‘za'qari N F. chin ,(fila(h.a'k-e za'qan N.M. dimple
of chin [A] *

i Jtzaka' n.m. sagacity acumen perspica-
*^city discernment ‘ftf'jzaka'vat n.f.

acumen shrewdness ; sagacity perspicacity
( y%2jtfjzaka'val-c bis' n.f. super-sensitiveness of
sexual organs (as disease) £y£j$viKaval-t lab"
n.f. penetration of mind
/• zik’r n.m. mention remembrance
•'■^account fame statement narration
reference repeated invocation of God’s name
I'f/Szik'r kar’na v.t. mention state ; ex-
press relate narrate repeatedly invoke
God’s name j/XjiZik'r mazkoor' n.m, men-
tion talk reference ; allusion iyjszik'r
ho'na v.i. be mentioned (of a group) be
invoking God’s name [A]
jfyza'kar N.M. penis [A]

j'ZZkoor’ n.m. pl. men males ;■ male
JJ* sex <3(‘/ jj/jzukoo’r-o inai' n.m. pl. men
and women males and females both the

sexes the two sexes

J ^za’ki adj. acute ingenius shrewd

* fiery ; flaring [A~C>jj(}]
j J zul n.m. gentleness mercy doci-
V* lity [A]

w ,zil'lat,£Jj)izala'lat Q>zil n.f. dishonour; dis-
i ^ grace indignity insult; affront ignominy

baseness ; meannessyjt Irf&lt^Jziriat Ufha'na
(or pa'na) v.t. suffer disgrace (at the hands of)
O',,; y> v.t. disgrace; dishonour

abase ; debase (A]

U.zaftl' adj. means ; base contemptible
dishonoured ; disgraced zatil' kar'na

v.t. base ; debase dishonour ; disgrace

put to shame ij^tj^jzali'l-un-nof's adj. mean . rfj?})ZPO ma‘nayatri ) adj. wit}
abject tjfjKT-zgfi/' ho’ns v.i. be dishonoured , n.f. double entendre Ot Jr*£j
be disgraced be brought low suffer igno- pun double entendre [A

miny be put to shame [A -

[Izam n.f. censure obloquy , opprobrium
' . ./•! 1 ..... .....

•* • zauq n.m.
Q» pleasure'

i') adj. with double meaning
Ire Jr*jJ zoo-ma ‘ nl bat ' n.f
entendre [AJ

taste relish liking
literary or artistic taste

*3 paih'loo nik'kchs-v.i. be oppro- fervour^d"^ s zau q-e sa§m n.m. right type of
•ious *ffjzami'mah n.f. ( PL -^ iz<Mta'im) some- | (literary, etc.) tast e^fjJyjzou‘q-o shpuq' n.m
ling earning opprobrium adj. opprobrious fervour [A]

brious ^ jzami'mah n.f. i zama’im) some-

thing earning opprobrium adj. opprobrious
iama''im n.m.pl. opprobrious acts or traits' of
character [A]

• Zim’ma n.m. (pl. ) charge responsi-
bility duty trust onus or burden (of

proof) obligation jbsizi'm'ma-dar' adj.

responsible answerable n.m. assignee
trustee (fjl^/J^im'ma-d a' ri n f. responsiblity

charge obligation duty trust zim’ma
Wns v.i. take responsibility (for) take'
charge take care (of) stand surety (for; [A]
>« zim'ml, sjilfjil ah 'l-uz-zim'mah n.m. non-
w Muslim sitizens of Islamic State (as people
held in trust [A ~ prec. ]

za'nab n.m. (pl .•^jjzftnoob') sin Crime
i^izanab n.f, (pl. L r[-j l azndb') tail [A]

,i zoo,(fjzi pref. (pl .(f/jzaoi' or yjjZavoo'), pref.
having ; possessing with -cr ptfyjlj}

/ * ■jar’i' pref. having , possessing endow-
** ed with with -erfalfayzavi-l-arham'
n.m uterine relations jljfifl((y)Z<u>i-l iqtidar' n.m
those in authoriry adj. powerful [A]

^L> zahab' n.m. going departure
• mail' -o zahab’ n.m. comines and eoir

yzahab' n.m. going departure y
3 maji'-o zahab' n.m. comings and goings [A]

ziha'nat n.f (see under^N.M. -dr)
zahab n.m. gold [A]

• (

zeh'n (rare zah'n , col. zaih'n) n.m mind
O ' 1 mental faculty memory under-

standing ability acumen ty£tf[yzthn khil-
nd v.i. (of mental faculties) come into play
be no longer a blockhead zeh'n te

rti'kal ja'na v.i. slip out of the mind be
forgotten l‘l zeh'n lard'nd v.t. think , exercise
one’s mental facultiesl’^gjJjkeA'n lar'na v.i. (of

. „ . .. . %y iiivuum Xviys. 1 '* »*• kii iiu r.i> iwi

~ ,aZ a r* 3 / N M c l ua n a something) strike the mind {; 7 ifyff zeh'n met a'na

Cfigur e^yzoo.azy n.m. common multiple y j ^ 5n mind ^

(J\C9\**l))Z0O-az af-e aqal n.m. (Math.) least v h'n nub bai h'na v.i. be instilled into the mind

common multiple (L.C.M.) (Jll/l/jzSl-jalal' adj.
glorious ; splendid C/l?ijjzHl-jaria.hi' NsM. the
winged horse (as the name of Imam Husain’s
horse) the horse taken out in procession during
Muharram to commemorate the Imam’s martyr-
dom jf’jJzul-tnj'jah n.m. last month of the Hijri
ytzT^tj f jzoo-zftn'qah n f. quadrilateral with only
two sides para\'ev&i ^jzil-faqar' n.f spined
sword (as nameof Hazrat Ali’s sword given him
by the Holy Prophet as one of thfc spoils of the
Battle of B*&T) i j£pljjzvl--qarnain' n.m. (arch,
use) lord of the two horns i.t. East and West (as
epithet of Alexander) the sovereign with a
double horned crown (as epithet of Cyprus the
Great) j&ttyjzll-qa' 'dah n.m. eleventh month of

Hijri yezr^jyiljyzun-noorain n.m. the possessor I sensible / J ! j(fyzl-rut’bah,jf'/e(fjH*nar'l<ib<rk adj.

? I «nnL an n» n Uinrk ttotlM ^ a a tt* fl.rArtV

Zeh'n mefi bai h'nd v.i. be instilled into the mind
^J^^jzeh'n-ttaMn kar'na v.T. instil :
impress on the mind drive (something) home
t° zeh’n-nashin' ho'na v.i. be instilled *2#
zehniy'yot n.p. mentality jjfyzohin adj. intelligent

[A] '

i • zfihool n.m. forgetfulness bad memory

m prov (same as jjzoo prop. ★)

0 3 zj-ikhtiyor adj . in authority , wedding
authority authorized iHu^yS-istt'dad' adj.
capable . acatejfZflJSH^stidar' adj. in
authority ; wielding authority having com-
petent powers ^lizil-^ij' kj*. (col. for jftji
N.M. ★ )£> \rt$) O’ltayai' . ADJ. living , intimate
n.m. living*" being adj. wise ,

sensible iti Tl-rUt’hah. */*j*it! Zl^nwr' ttbak ADI.

of two lights (as the appellation) of Hazrat ofrank enjoying -a high status

it . , ... adj. living beings jjPtfjd-dw'oor' adj. sensible

Usman s who married two of the Holy Prophets . • ° e

... , &f'tf>n i iz‘zat adj. respectable honour-

daughters in succession ^zoo-fdnoon n.m. ^ venerable ^(fia-qo-d n.m. <col for
man of many parts trickster fraudulent M +) #-hcsh' , adj. wise

person (ffjjjzil-mi'nan adj. & n.m. the Bountiful jcuible wide-awake^jy^l>jh<2»r zi-rooA' adj
(as an epithet of God) j^jizoo ma'n I (or ped. »a) j ft n.m. inanimate (object) [Aj

334

I

d

‘ tail n.m,

Cr revenue sub-division: *zair

• zayabi’tas n.m. diabetes zaya bl

i/Z~ tas ka mam' n.m. dibetic [A]

(of garment) ; skirt minor
what follows;

under-mentioned details jltfrj zaildar' n.m.
honorary or part-time official in change of a
‘zail’ ; '‘Lai\dax'(JJi)\0jzail ka (or kt) adj. the
following ; the undermentioned tjjtjfjzail meht
adv. as follows ; as below ; as under
has‘b-e zail adv. as follows ; as below ; as under;
following (jfJJ-^mUfas'sala-e zail’ adv. as perj
detail ; as” below ; as under zai'li adj.
subsidiary minor J^tfjzai'li san u ot n.f. sub-
sidiary industry [A]

. re (or in construction ra'} fourteenth letter
^ of Urdu alphabet (equivalent to English r)
(also called ra’-e moh'malah or ra-e ghair manqoo'-
tah (in jummal reckoning) 200

f.ra^N.F. treacle; molasses golden
syrup

UJfj rs'bitah n.m. (pl .hfJjjrava'bii) con-
• J nexion ; relation liaison contact
touch communication bond familiarity
knowledge pai’dah kar’ns

v 1 . get into contact ^(with) VjJjtJl) ra’bitah tor’na
v.i. snap (with) \&j/f{fJ^ljra'bitah ,(qa"im)
takh!na v.i. maintain contacts v/xthMUr^taf' sar-t
ra’bitah n.m. liaison officer [A~J i>j]

1 1 ra'be“ adj. fourth%/ii ra'be'an adv. fourth-
(y’J ly**>lrabe'ah adj. (f.) fourth
J fj ra'fii n.f. (same as^J/N.F. *)

„ . rat' N.F. a ft'khrt

^') met kaf »3 (or kaf'na) v.i. have a sleepless
night ; have a restless night tytfjIS&fjrat' bka'ri
ho'p a v.i. have a long and wearisome night
u£( fjrat' mg'na v.i, be late in the night

(of night) grow cooler tkfi'rl

our sa»g' bahUt' prov. art is long and time is
fleeting tfifjrat’ din adv. day and night
^gjltfrai' ka pt)’ bka'ri hai prov. night’s time is
pregnant with possibilities C'lif&ltai' kl rat '
ADV. just for a night # ki ra'm n.m.

a kind or lily emitting fragrance at night ;
champak (fig.) prostitute rat' ga”t adv
late in the evening Wtoh rat' adv. within

one night plj£!> rat' va'la n.m. (dial.) owl
moon w tjtf’jTa'dfH rat v.f. midnight 'fjf/j'.
ba’rl rat’ the dead of the night i J2fjJf€pid)b.'li rat
n.f. early hours of the moming 4 j>( / ^2’^fli'A7» rat
n.f. late evening (hours)

~ / rati'A, (col. ra'tab) n.m. (arch.) rations
d daily allowance for food D.A. stipend
feed [A]

raj n.m. brick-layer ; mason (dial.)
reign (dial.) dominion ; principality
adj. (dial.) large pref. kingly If'&'jraj'-ba'ha
n.m. (same as | n.m. *)«££$(/ raj' pa) n.m.
(dial.) dominion ra j'poot n.m. (one of)

a martial Indo-Pakistan tribe litgfrli raj pko'ra
n.m. carbunclejt/^i raj' dar'bar n.m. (dial.)
royal court Ubfo&'jraj' dula'rl n.f. (dial.) princess
adj. darling^U^firsj'-rfka'm n.f. (dial.) capital
(jb&'jraj'-Ta'ni n.f. (dial.) queen lo^'jraj-
sabha n.f. (dial ) king’s council (Vpjjiy&'j raj’
kar’na (or rare raj na) v.t, reign .be in
authority live a comfortable life j Wjraj-
kumar' n.m. Hindu prince ($jt£<jraj'-kuma'ri
n.f. Hindu princess tfj'bruj’-kail n.m (dial.)
poet laureate ($/^jraj'-gad‘di n.f. (dial ) throne
lS/&jraj‘-gVrl n.f. masomy ; bricklaying^^,!;
raj'-mae'door (ped. -mSz-) n.m. bricklayers
raj'-ni'n n.f. (dial.) political science dip-

lomacy tjifjb raj'-va'ra n,m. {same as JlfJjHM.it)
iJ^&jraj' hat n.p. sovereign’s stub bomness^^i
raj'-han's n.m , goose

l i raja, jrUrajah n.m. sovereign Rajah
'frJ prince (euphem.) barber prec.J
Z. I , ra'jfh adj. better ; superior stronger
\J U (idea, etc.) inclined. [A ~ ell£]
pl . ra'je* adj. returning concerning

tZ\ J ra'jl ADJ. & n.m. hopeful (person) [A ~ to)

(/*&*•*. *)

ra'jbjws n.m. (same

aSi

„ n.f. comfort ; ease joy ;

‘--'Vpleasure relief rest ; repose
ra’hat-afza' adj. comforting delightful;
delectable c'lf^Tra'^U jah' adj. comforting
n.m. be love ; sweet heart one’s children
one’s family

I Lrf T9 ^l<di n.m. caravan riding animal
^ carriage [A ~ 45^5]

# ra'him adj. merciful ; compassionate

/U[ A~Sj)

1 j ra'dha n.f. (HmdU myth.)_Krishna’s chief
beloved nau ' m *

335

lei ho' ga na ra'dk S na'chegi prov. put impossible
preconditions

ft. raf N F. quarrel fuss li^jhrar ma&a'na
^ ^ v.i. create a fussf^f/ra'wa n.m. fussy
person

• f. r H n.m. (lit. PL. Ijljraz’hn) secret
' * confidence mystery (,*( Zjliraz bata'na v.t.

& i. repose one’s confidence (in) betray
someone’s confidence disclose a secret jljjlj

raz'-dar adj. faithful ; trusted ; trusty ; con-
fident n',m. confident confidant (fjljjiraz’-

datii n.f. secrecy confidence keeping a
secrettfljjlj raz-dan (or dafi) adj. friend
confident confidant ; one in the know of
secKtS 4 y ,j' (} )j;jjljra'z-e daroo'n-e par'dah n.m. in-
side story (of) ra'z-e sarbas'tahffiijjfjra'z-e

n*ka'rn, 2 i(Pjljra'z-t tuhof'toh n.m. close secret ;
closely guarded secret Vjffijyj'lSjf/razfasti (or
tfstiti) kar’na v.i. disclose a secret betray
someone’s confidence Ojfjljraz' khoitia v.i. dis-
close a secret C'lttfjljraz ki bat' n.f. secret
CQnfidencejLijjljra'z-o niyaz' n.m. loving
prattle ; tete-a-tete secret-talk humble
prayer (to God) [P]

,‘s‘ih rat *k n.m. cherisher-, sustainer , as an
•'"'^-attribute of God) fA ~ ]

'vTj rai, (ped. etc. ra”s) n.m. head head
U * (of cattle) cape top ; peak ; summit
angle ; edge of angle iSplfpa' 's-Ul-jady hm.
winter $o\sucegff}/' , jras''-Us~sartan' n.m. summer
solstice J(Jlf‘Jtra'’s-iil-mai n.m. capital
stock-in-trade [Aj

■Vrar n.f. suitability adaptability
Is i* (arch.) street drama circular dance in
honour of Krishna ; Hindu religious ballet adv.

suitable agreeable profitable ti^Jras'
s'fi a v.i. be^ agreeable be suitable be

^profitable l^^J'l/ras-dka'ri n.m. actor in Hindu
religious ballet boy-actor doing woman’s,
part

-rai'f adj. right . (opp. left) straight
true ; -right -adv. ^to the right ;ton=the
right side jU / ljrasi-baz adj. honest ; upright

righteous truthful (fJlPj/rasi-ba'zi n.f.
honesty ; uprightness ; integrity plain deal-
ing ; fair play 'truthfulness j(jfcZfjrast-gUfiar' ,
frffira st' -go adj. truthful iilO&lf'rasi gufta'ri,
^/ t ^ J (jrast-go"i n.f. truthfulness (fiy-Qrast'-
nio'a'molagl n.f. fair deal yJ'lo&s'f/ras't mo'a'malah
adj fair in dealing (f^jras'ti n.f. -fr
t* f Sras'tah n.m. way path road
" " JJ manner ; mode way out l'C> J&it ras'tah

thorough

banana v.i. show the way (to) guide
send away ; dismiss ras'tah dtkh'na v.t.

wait (for)

.gtifj ras'ti n.'f. truth , veracity rectitud'
w honesty ; uprightness truthfulness

[P~^l

‘a* . ra'sikh ADJ. established; well-establish-
ed ed firm constant thorough

[ a ~ i/A .

ra’shid adj. (pl. (/ju/ljrashidin'y follower
of right path , following the right path
orthodox [A ~ j&j]

ra'shan n.m. ra'tion^J'y^'i ra' shan-batidi n.f
U * rationmgJffyZffra'shan-dt'poo n.m. ^ration
depot ra shan-Mdah adj. rationed

ra'shan kard n m, ration-card [E]
i/j rashi n.m. one who gives bribe
W * (wrong but col.) one who accepts bribe
corrupt [A ~ CepJ]

pleased

satisfied

'Iffl ra'a ADJ. pleased agreeable (to)

C/ contented satisfied consenting
resigned to the will ra' H ba-riza

ho'na v.i. be resigned to the will of God
ra'zi kh-Vshl adj. well and happy adv. happily
ra'd kor'na v.t. appease conciliate;

satisfy reconcile bring round
ra'ii-na'mah n.m. compromise deed of
compromise ra'zi ho'na v.i. agree (to)

assent (to) accede (to) acquiesce (in)

be willing (to) be satisfied
ra'o-na'mah kar le'm v.i. compromise ; have
a compromise compound (a case) [A ~ Uj/]
pl ra'‘i n.m. shepherd pastor ruler

fei , ragh n.m. meadow valley sub-
C/'' montane -region [P]

ejj ra'gbib adj. inclined (to) willing
(to) having a leaving (towards)
ra'ghtb k/ir'na v.t. make (someone) agree to
cause to be inclined (to) [A ~ &ff\

(ped. ra"fot) n.f. pity , com-
' m0r * passion tenderness [A]

1 101 raf# n.m. {K.jrtijrava'Jiz) dissenter
kr * (one of) a Shi’ ite dissenting sect
J/ ra'ft 1 n.m. & adj. (one) who elevates;
^ e le va tor [A ~ C^A

Tti'qib N.M. one who watches (over)

t, ru'qim n.m. writer I ; writer (of this
J M letter, qitn-Ul huroof n.m.

Slj

336

•the

I ; the writer „ (of this letter, etc.)
undersigned [A~ ^j]

^J '^rakib n.m. (pl. i^Kj rukkab') a rider
• v(rare) camel-rider adj. mounted-riding [A]
C tr\j ra'ktj n.m. rocket [E]

f^<,rak!shas-, c/iftj ra (frhas

N.M.

(dial.)

demon [S] .

ft. rakk n.m, ashes ObJjplj (/lifj(jala kar) rakk
^ kar dal'na v.t. reduce to ashes rakk
he'na y. 1 . be. reduced to ashes

rs khi n.f. string tied round someone's

wrist by a Hindu women on a festival of
that name to set up brotherly relations with
him \joJi\ ra'kki babdk'na v.l. tie such

string [S]

JE

rag n.m musical mode tune ; air

song one of the six (or more) modes of
classica 1 Indo-Pakistan usic (viz. bkai'ron, mal'-
kaus, in rig, megh, aurtdol' & di'pak) (iron.)
quarrel ; row Igpljlj rag alap'na v.l. sing
harp on tlie *( samc ) tune i beat (one’s own)
drumj ’juJljrag' bid'dija n.f. music; science of
musi c Jtjrag’ rafig n.m. dance and song ;

music and merriment festivals ; merrymaking
carefree life b'tfiJljrag' ga'na v.l. sing a song ;
to tell one’s own storyj to -sing I'J) rag' la'na
v.t. kick up a row ^lujljrag' mala n.m. princi-
ples of music guide book comprising these
travellers tale ; old wives tale ; yarn J, l j
rag'ni n.f. musical mode ; minor : one of the
thirty-six ramifications of the major modes of
classical Indo-Pakistan music Jtjra'gi n.m.
expert in classical music (dial.) singer
jt rat n.f. saliva pitch i£j!,(t»>j(m'2hk

U st) ral’ \a'pakna v.t, (of mouth) water
evince keen desire for slubber

ram adj. tame domesticated sub-

J missive tractable obedient vS^jram!
kar ' na v.t. subdue bring round tame ;
domesticate l fv ram' ho'ma v.l. be tamed
f m. ram n.m. Hindu god Rama ram
f'J doha"i n.f. & int. (dial.) God forbid (f jf\J
ram' ram n.m. form of Hindu salutation
tyJUtyram' ram jap' na para' Jo mal ap'na prov.
hypocrisy ram kaha'nl n.m. Rama’s

legend ; the Ramayan traveller’s tale^JW 'fatf'l

ob‘ ni ram kaha'rfi ph. one s tale of woe ipJfij
ram-ltla n.f. Hindu religious play based on the
legend of Rama (/)fjjram' niumi n.m. Rama’s
birthday celebrations

..fill ramayan n.f. Hindu epic based on the
legend of Rama in Valmik’s Sanskrit or
Tulsi IDas’s Hindi [~prec.]
ljS\jramish n f. harmony; melody •; music
J&b ramish'gar n.m. musicianM&j^ii
ramish-o rafig n.f. music and festivity [P]

‘ /^)\j ran, (j!j rah suf. driver wielder

r [ p ~

(ylj Tan n.f. thigh/^L LfJy^^ljran' pat'ri jama'na
v.l. ride like a horseman la It ana

v.t. be subdued VjJZfjjjrari ta'le kar’na v.t.
control ; subdue rids ; mount
. ra'wa n.m. Rajput’s (princely)
v title king ; petty ruler

ran pi, J Ur a 'pi n.f. cobbler’s
knife

OlI 1 TSit 'dah AD J- cursed driven out ;

J expelled rejected; spurned tJtiTafi'da-e
dargah' n.m. accursed by heaven spurned
driven out (P ~ 9 jib) ,

b.i ratid N.F. widow fat raid' ka said n.m.
* y, spoilt child .

jpf.rabg n.f. pewter tin rang’
(or rafig) bkar'ja n.m. tinman
rafi'gkar n.m. (one of) a clan of Rajputs

"i / , ra ni n.f (dial.) queen ; petty ; princess
0 * consort )){/ rd' ni khab ka sa'la ph

(dcrog.) self-conceited person
fQ I j ra'm suf. , driving wielding [P~C^'LiJ

J j j rami n.m. warrior chieftain
* hereditary astrologer

ra id n.m. narrator name of a West
Pakistan river *Z-oh%ifld!jhi*b ra tii & ain '
{hi chain) Hkkla hai ph. peace reigned there-
after what a wonderful life the brave new
world [A ~ ££!}]

i rah, t j rah n.t. way path passage
® y means of access method ; manner
mode; fashion 11/ t!f rah' bata'na v.t. show
the way guide deceive prevaricate
rah' ‘bar , rah' -bar (or raih'-) n.m> guide

leader mentor (fr/ifjrah'-ba'n. (£/£j rah'-ba'rf

(or raih'-) n.f. guidance leadership
rah' par ana v.l. _ mend one’s ways be
brought rounQjt tr t ) brah' par la'na (or laga'-
na) v.l. bring (someone) round reform

bring on the right ra'h(-o-ras m)

pai'da kar'na v.T. form an acquaintance with
establish relations {vihh^cJjijipipjidh ‘ tak'na
(or drkh’na) v.t. wait expect look for-

ifjlj

33 ?

ward to a meeting (with) Oftlrah chal'ts n.m. 1
passer-by way-farerL^^(£jj^iraA' ^al'tofi
ha pal'lah pakar'na v.f. pick up a row with every,
one Vj^gfljrah' & hor’na v.i. clear the road
get out of the way tffel/rah'-khar'cji n.m.
travel expenses travelling allowance j If g U
rah'-dar n.m. road patrol ; toll collector
(fjlftl rah'-da'ri^jlifjTah-da'ri (or rath'-) N.F.
transit duties ; toll (fj Lfjjjfyparva'na-e rah'-da'ri
n.f. passport ( l'i)/jl)£l/, f lj'rak' dikha'na (or
dikhla'na) v.t. show the way cause (some-
one) to wait (for) Ofjgljrah' dekk'n a v.i. wait

(for) expect C^gljrah' dt'na v.t. admit
make room (for )^l/ f jirah dal'na v.t. establish
a custom put on tfjf right path c %j' t ljra'h-e
rss't n.f. straight path good conduct^
rah'-rau, ^/Jjrah-rau' n.m. wayfarer traveller
l ~Z / jt!)rah tit n.f. customs'll/ rah'-zan, rah'-zan
(or raih'-) n.m. robber ; brigand ; bandit
footpad fy/fiirah’-za'm,}} yfj rah'-za’rti n.f. high-
way robberyljjl^.^.gtjrah' se bt-rah' ho'na V.I.
go astray liffyfjfgijrah hko’t I kar'na v.i. longer in
the way^lj raA' gir n.m. way farer travel-
ler tah’-gu' zor, j£j rah'-gU'zar n.f. (dial m.)

way path V& f ji(jtfap'ni rah lag'na v.i.
pursue one’s own course ; not to poke one’s nose
into other people’s affair Oftiirak' le'na v.i.
start ; set out go one’s way (jtgljrah' met
adv. on the way (to) in the path (of)
for the sake (of) Cl^gljrah' nikal'na v.t. open
a new road hit upon a device find a way
out tyjr*k-numa, \ffj rah'-riuma' ,tJyfjrah'-numoofi'
n.m. leader guide Qtyjrah'-nUma'i tylffj

rah'-nUma"\ N.F. leadership guidance Jjjgj

rah'-navar' d n.m. way farer tfjj efjr ah' -navar'dl (fjjij
rah’-navar'di n.f. travel ; wayfaring jljiiirah-var'
n.m. ambling horse steed fjfZljrah'-o-ras'm
■tyjjttlTah-o-rab't n.f. friendly relations ; inter-
course Ijftiirdh ho'na v.i. be in love (with)
be on friendly terms (with) (f t lj ra'hin.M.

"rtf' ra'hib n.m. monk [A]

i/ih

Wj rah' na v.i, roughen (mill-stone, etc.)

-1 ra'hoo n.m. (Hindu myth.) demon sup-

- pcscd to cause eclipse by seizing the sun or
the moon (dial.) name of a star [S]

.ff. ra'hi n.m. traveller wayfarer
Vl* passer-by [P ~ g.lj]

ra'hin n.m. pledger
1 pawner [A ~

mortgager ;

*// ra'cldh, U!/ra”efa n.m. salt dish made with
pumpkin and Curds

.ra’itar n.m. name of a British news agency ,
£1. Reuter [E]

2( .ra'ij adj. cuiTent in vogue fashion-
s'-' able customary in force cfjlfcb ra ' ’ y-tJ /-
vaq’t adj. current in vogue in force
Vy&jra'tj kar'na v.t. introduce give
currency to set the fashion [A- fab A
Jf\jra'‘thah n.f. sweet smell (A}

(ft

0&. i

\jra”efal,tfjra'fal n.f. rifle jE]
ra’'egah adj. vain useless ; fruitless

, bootless adv. in vain . waste |P|

(jb ra”ilil n.f. royalty [E]

$ljra''o n.m. (dial.) prince : chief : warrior

. >Ji ra ’ oH n.f. small pyramidical
I >

ra‘ fifW te'bal kanfaraks
n.f. round-rtable con-
ference ; all-party talks between
members on an equal status [E]

''j f. ra" i n.f. a kind of mustard ;

V mustard seed rs’t Uur adj. very
little as much as a mustard seed^i^^J^^yJJ/
ra'’f ka pahar' (or par'bat ) bana'na ph. make
a mountain out of a mole-hill
' </. ra’’« n.m. (dial.) king ; petty a
^ Hindu title pref, large J^i!^ra"e btl n.f.
species of jessamine ^f^ra"e ja'man n.f. targe
‘jambolana’

t ft ,ra"t n.f. (pLj/lara') opinion view

advice judgment verdict tP£»ra'V

za'rd n.f. criticism ti/i}'Jd-' l Jra"-e za'rd kar'na
v.t, express one’s opinion criticism
ra"t ‘am'mah n.f. public opinion
ra't le’na (or pooehh'na) v.i. invite the opinion
(of) £~j\Jp)izha ’r-e ra'e n.f. expression (of) [A]
£/\j ra'yal N.F. flag ; banner ; standard (A]

L^Jrab n . m . (pL.^larbab') God god;
deity preserver cherisher ; sustaincr
master ; lord rahb-il- 'alamtn' n.m.
God (as Lord of the universe)^ rabba'td,
rabbi adj. of God divine

rub n.m. extract, rub' b-Us-soas extract

of liquorice [A]
ritba' suf. robbing

* sof robbing

ravishing yljriba''i
ravishing [P -(Jijfii

338

* ..

I .ribs' (more correctly ) n.m. interest
r usury [A]

, rabsb n.m. a kind of stringed musical instru-
. ment $jrabaH n.m. musician fiddler

nexus ; relation ; connexion

intimacy know-

(A]

-I .r/4af' n.m. camp ; contonment inn
^"ligament [A]

itl j^ a “* N F - col. ruba'-

y .«><»<') quatrain [A~

r ebbs' nt adj. (see under‘s rai n.m. if)

lk.ra'bar t Jjra‘bdr n.m. rubber; eraser
V decisive of three games in a set [E]
y>, .rebar n.f. hardiships of travel n.m. same as
VJU H-M.) *

n.f. sweet condensed cream

. rab't n.m.

. coherance relevance
ledge; familaritylb^it tjrab't bark an a v.t. develop
intimacy ks* lif li)!jrab' t (- 0 -) n.m. intimacy

organization coherence hJj^brrab't adj.
incoherent . unrelated ; irrelevant dis-
jointed J^jJLbe~rab' d n.f, incoherent irre-
levant disjointed
J^jr9b“ adj. quarter ; one- fourth

Jmaskoen' n.m. inhabited quarter of earth [A -

*?Jt]

kS/tfJjrkbovbiy'yni adj. provitlence[ w<)

^y'rabib’ n.m. man’s s(cp-son.*$/ rain' bah n.f.
'*•' (TL.i^ , j'jrabs"b) man's step-daughter
-X j n.f. spring harvest f)>B>C/irabi''-vl-

' av'val n.m. third month of Hijri” calendar
'^QlgJrabi' ‘kiss' m n.m. fourth month of Hijri
calendar [A] k

sJZ/jra'pat n.f. (police slang for n.f. ★)

) •
,>

£

Ujya’patnd v. slip slides glide ^ra'pat
•ys.r. slipperiness (same as'j'jf/ n.f. -fcj
. rapts’nn v.t. cause to slip, slide of glide
^ rUpafti n.f. (derog.) rupee [dim. of_^>y]

Taper' tach n.m. rapportage [E]

C *

Li-f, riport,Jyjrapat n.f. report ^Jjrtpor'tar
N.M. ftess reporter [E] . ^

ril n.f. season weather(/£f Uiwy
r#< be’ Jain a (or pa' la} ns or phir'ni ) v.t. (of
weather or season) change
.. r«i prcf. night & 4 »ro/-ja'£d n.m. night
spent in prayer, vigils festive night;
rat-je'ii *a/*§ v.t. keep the vjgib

J[iJrain'loo n.m. yam

^jjjiul'beh n.m rank ; Status . designation
* distinction, eminence Jfjfkam-nil’bak adj.
of low naikJjSjfkam-r at' bah leg n.m. pl. the
small fry

•\9 *»J*. rat' q-o-Jat' q n.m. centred raanage-
U*U J ment [A] <

'jya'an (ped rat'n) n.m. (dial.) gem ; jewel
& ptaxX^yjratnavali n.f. (dial.) pearl-
neeklacet^gy(tr«'<(7/t jot n.f. a kind of drug used
as a colouring condiment jji^jra' tan- mala n.f.
(dial.) pearl-necklace ^jjnau'-m’lan n.m. pl.
nine different gems in a necklace company
of nine wise men Moghul Emperor Akbar’s
nine famous courtiers

fcjrii'n s v.i. be filed ; be smoothed with file f-

- *

tl»\£j ratns'vali n.f. (dial.) (see under^N.M. ■*)
*♦

\Jj rat’vs n.m, boring insect ; borer

l »j. ratawh'dka n.m. night-blindness; nycta-
****** lopia yptjj ralauii'dhys n.m. night-blind
person ; nyctalopic [ ~ w(/ +^1] ' J
rath n.f. (dial. M.) four-wheeled
carriage (arch.) chariot fcfljJTj
talk’ -bin! n.m. carter tharioteer
7 t rat'd n.f. ‘arbus prccatorius’ its seed used
as weight equivalent to eight barley-corns;
‘ratu^jjjj rat'd bkar adj. weighing as much
as a ‘ratti’ a little; wecrbit rat'd ra li
adv. to a farthing adj. each and every (word)
i.J’ rat'na v.r. mug up repeat persistently
reiterate*^ rat n.f. persistent ; repeti-
tion reiterationlivl^fciyrflt' lags' akh.'ns v.i.
repeat ‘ad nauseum’-;

< raja n.m. hopeTfpj rajs' iy’yat N.F opti-
" mism hopefulness rajs' lytl-pasanj'

n.m. optimist adj. optimistic adj. optimistic

raja iy'yat-pasabda'nah ADJ. optimistic adv-
optimistieally (fjv-gizsbjrqja' iy'yal~pmaKdi n f.
optimism bi’tn-o rajs N.M. hopes and

feels [A]

I /t rajs pit js adj. not hungry

!&. satisfied ; not greedy

rijsl' n.m. men (also JU^IrlffasmS ’-ur
rijst') biographical literature of Hadith
narrators i T Jfi)'fjrijs'l-ul-$aib‘ invisible beings
supposed to orbit round world whom it is regard-
ed inauspicious for travellers to foe* f A - sing.

tPi

ifa'.

S39

b->

"CleJ raja'iy'yal n.f. (see under .^n.f. -A)

•*

^ rajab n.m. Rajab : seventh month of Hijri
• ** calendar <— ra’j ab-ut muraj’jab n.m.
the sacred month of Rajab (so called because of
Holy Prophet Accciision in it) fAJ
f.)\£j T \iban' n.m. tendency inclination
^ leanings [A]

raj at. n.f. (Arab) martial song rajaz ;
'• metre used for it : martial metre l >^3 rajaz
pa\%!nzt v.i. recite a martial song (Jljryfj ra'jaz-
khafi 1 n.m. martial minstrel tr'JZi rajaz-kha'ni
n.f. recitation of martial song ’ incitement
to war [A]

•pzj rij'z n.m. profanity blasphemy un-
- holiness [A] ^

registar & , -6&£Zrajis[uir

holiness [A]

J^rrgjis'tar n.m

/• J paints’' ish n.m. ; survey register
rajis’lar ftarsW n.m. despatch register j (Xj£/*!r5
rajis'ptr js'edsd' n.m. property register f
raj is' tar jars" im n.m. crime register^y^tj,^^
raj is "tar rasid' (or vusoo'ti) n.m. stock** register
(f*^Z2rajis'iai mohas'sali n.m. daily collection
register jjifj ragis'tarsr n.m. registrar, tf/fj
rajis'tan n.f. registry registration I'/tfs#
rajis’iari kar’ns v.t. & i. register send by
registered post rajis'tari kar'na v.t. get
registered [E]

raj' ‘at n.f.- return retracing
• retraction retrogression resurrection
remarriage one’s conditionally divorced wife
ji~siztfFraj' c al pasafid' n.m. one opposed to
progressive dishard ; conservative adj.

conservative retrogressive not progressive

'Jji-^bfjraj' ‘at-pasaftda nah adj. retrogressive
not 'progressive rqj' c al-pasan'di n.f.
conservation not being progressive
raj'‘al-e qoh'qari (ped-ra) n.f. retracing one’s
steps retrogression [A doublet of£yj]

raj'm n.m. stoning to death * driving

awayc^t/# raj'm bil ghatp' n.m. hazard-

ing a guess w

raj' inapt n.f. regiment [E]

Igjiaj'ns v.i. (dial.) be satiated

raj' iii n.f. (dial.) night IS]

\j\fj rajrara n.m. principality . Raja’s territory

* r~*V]

e, p. rU j»o t ' n.m. return inclination : bent
U J . J appeal reference recourse re
marriage with own condition.’. II v divorced wife

l'/w r~joo° kar’ns v. refer to ; have course
(to) (in or to) remarriage with own con-
ditionally divorced wife [A]

ruiooliy'yal n.f. virility [A~ tjfj ]

•* •

tl

rijha'na v.t. seduce please ravish

incite

&

^ rajim' adj. rejected spurned [A ~ ^5]

rack’ ns V. t.

(of wedding, etc.) be held ;
(of henna) become red

[V'i

be celebrated
scent be connected raqja'na V.T.

J*

celebrate (marriage, etc.) henna add (per-
fume, etc.) scent with *“>£',/ racks’ vat n'p. cele-

bration dye ; paint colouring - Renting
CfJjprcA’ta pa&ts tasty ; savoury
a'dj.' (of henna) leaving good cojour

rah' l (col. raib'l) n.f. folding Stand for the
Holy Quran ; lectern
..Jp, rek'lat n.f. death ; demise departure
(rare) travels (rare) travelogue
rek'lai kar'ns v.t. die ; pass away [A]

reh'm n.m. (ped. rahim') womb ; uterus
| ( fjjussila'-e reijm n.m. uterine relation-

ship tenderness towards one’s relations [A]
ra'ham N.sf. uftcookcd rice spudding

raikm (ped. rah' at) N.M. mercy pity ;
| compassion kindness , tenderness
raik'm-dil adj. merciful: kind hearted fjjfjraihim-
di'lis.r. tenderness compassion mercy

(ti/i; lyfi raih'm kar'ns (or kks ns) v.t. show

mercy (to) take pity (on) [A)

laihmsn' n.m. God ADJ. most merciful ;
C'*' Beneficent (as attribute of God) (JUfr
raihma'ni adj. divine [A — fii ]
m pe rah' mat (col. raih'-) n.f. blessing; grace
bounty ; divinefavour mercy
compassion (A- J

ral.iq' n.m. pure wine [A]

rahW n.m. departure .A~ ^5]

g. rahim' adj. (pi., [fj rohania’)

(as attribute of God'

£

mi

N.F.

raiii'

fA

~ rakh n.m.
w-* facade

merciful
compassionate
mercifulness grace

face ; countenance cheek
direction : side (in .chess)

castle rook attention favour^f ty

rukh' ba'dalnd (or pher'its) v.r. & i. turn in
ano liter direction change the course of

ignore . little heed (fo) be offended ; tale

340

trv

offence ; take umbrage ^ OtJdi- rukh' dt' kat
bit' na kar'na v.i. talk attentively v/& Z,jrukh'
*«) kar'na v.t. (never) to go (to) (not) to
turn the faca (towards) [PJ

rukham' n.m. marble [A]

—■y , rakjg't h.m. clothes ; garments goods
and chatties jM^Srakhl-e sa'far n.f. bag
8 a f ia!far baftdh'm v.i. get
ready to go pack up ; quit ; depart [P]

Mkhsar', tJ lZjTukhsar’rah n.m. the cheek ,
face ; countenance ; complexion ; as
peel [P]

•**^r rafcfc'j* n.m. name of Rustam’s horse
U J steed <J& rakh' shaft adj. dazzling
resplendent refii Igent l3p rakhsha'nt .
ra khsk tii'dapl n f. brightness refulgence ^
r akhsh indah adj. > right resplendent
refulgent C'j •j&ro khsh if,' da-o-tabili'dah adj.
refulgent resplendent [P ~ 4 *^ ]

sat n.f. leave permission
indulgence (rare) discharge ; dismissal
sending out (daughter, etc.) as bride
iUifa'ql rvkh'sal n.f. casual leave J l^fS^rukh'-
u:t istekqaffl n.f. privilege leave ^'/‘aiC^rukh-
s&t bi-la' ianMflh' n.f. leave without pay
lib'bi rukh' sat n.f. medical leave »
ma l moo'ti rukh' sat N.F. extraordinary leave
rukh' sat delta v.i. permit give (someone)
leave (rare) dismiss ; sack I’J&^rukh'stU
kar'na v.T. bid farewell (to) permit
discharge ; dismiss : sack send out (daughter)
as bride (p'ij^rUkh' sol maligna v.T. apply

for leave crave (someone’s) indulgence ty&dj
fUkh'sot ho'na v. take leave (of) depart
(of girl) set out as bride jC^mkhsata'nah n.m.
parting present from patron, etc. gratuity
ttikh'saft adj. on leave n.f. sending
out (daughter, etc.) as bride departure [A]

• • rakh'nah n.m, crack fissure obstacle
obstruction hindrance defect ;
fault rakh'na-akdag' adj. obstrusive n.m.
obstructionist ( Jjljl^ra^h'm-akda'gi n.f.
rakh'nah a. na v.T. obstruct-, hinder rakh'-

nak nikal'na v.T. catp ; cavil ; pick holes
in) IP]

*rai n.m. refutation rebuttal turn-
9J ing down vJjjrad' kar'na v.t. refute
turn down rod’d-o ba'dal n.f. change ;
alteration £ jj rad' d-a-qad' ft, jf j u rad d^tbked

n.f. expostulation Vyfjj rad' ha rm v.t. be rejects
• ed [A]

1 jrida' { pl. ar diyah) sheet 9 tole

robe [A]

rad’dah, Ijj rad' da w.m. layer
(of bricks) in a wall
Abrad'd a jama'rta (or rakh’na or
lagan a) v.t. .laydown a layer of
bricks

a . rad'di (ped. ra'di) refuse waste
^ J worthless n.f. waste pzperptbtf’j rad'dl dan'
n.m. waste-paper basket ; W. P. B. > ff'tfjj rad' di
ks'ghag n.m. waste paper I'/tjjJtad’di kar'na v.t.
reject waste [A]

♦ i radlf n.f. word(s) repeated towards end
J of each couplet throughout a poem 01
stanza; post-rhyme word J’u&ij rad f -var adv.
alphabetically ; according to the last letter of the
post-rhyme word

••Jl* ra ka'leU n.f. meanness : baseness Jjjragtl'
*** adj . & n.m. mean ; base ; mean "fellow ;
vile person Jljjraga'lah n.m. (col.) mean
fellow [A]

j , rag n.f. vine JjL^tdukh’t-e rag’, Jj/T>dukh’-
. tar-e rag' n.f. wine m
ob raggaq' n.m. providence sustainer (as

of God) JIJj raggaqi n.f.
sustainer (as attribute of God)

daily bread subsistence [A]

attribute
providence
[A - FOLL.]

J j/*'* ™-

a*rag'm n.m. battle viax^fh mg' m-gah

\‘ 3J n.f. battle-field tfjj .og'mt adj. relating
to war warlike truculant n.m. warlike
personal/ ragmiy'yah adj. & n.m. epic [PJ
y ras n.m. juice sugarcane juice

essence relish taste sweetness .
lusciousness melody love ras' -bkara
adj. juicy luscious sweet

tS/tirfras-bka'rl n.f. raspberry
adj. juicy luscious sweet

0/ifj rat' ta'pakna v.i. be luscious
(of juice) trickle be sweet
ha nob met ras' gftol'na v.i. be cry melodious :
melodious rasi'la ADJ. yt)

ras svf. arriving ; reaching dispen-

sing ; administering (fj rasi suf. arriving ;
reaching dispensation; administration [P - ^ )
rasa adj. penetrating (mind) effective
rasat n.f. ft SUF. * [P~ PREC.)
[^rjras'sa n.m. (same as n.m. it)

£JiSj rtsaleU n.f. apostleship ; prophethood ;

risa'lat-panah ! , usplejrisa'lat ma'ab'

*1

adj. & n.m. the Holy Prophet (as focus of divine
mission)

il..risa'laji n.m. (pl. (jflsj rasa'il magazine ,
tract ; pamphlet . brochure booklet
(rare) letter cavalry troop of horse , Uy
risai-dar n.m. cavalry officer . squadron leader
(h!/ll4risal'-dari n.f command of squadron
[A doublet of pfec.]

J t. rased at n.m. rice pudding prepared in
* ' cane juice [ ~ </>]

.1 r as ah’ buf. bearer delivery Jl//

* Jr** ras am suf. bearing ; delivering [P~

|i(.. rase" it n.m. magazines pamphlets

U J [A

,nsa"i n.f access approach

1/ * penetration (of mind) effectiveness

rasa’ yon n.m. (dial.) alchemy met-
C'Jy talk drug [SI

raspah'4rrht n.m respondent [E]

l*v i rSi,a ^^’i yif' rustakhed n.m
doomsday resurrection [PJ
^ rustagdri n.f liberation deliver-

;

ance ; salvation [P rus'lan]

r tils' tam n.m. name of a legendary
* Persian hero ; Persian Hercules hero
brave man (f^frus'tami n.f bravery , valour

^ raslah n.m (same as Sslj ras'tah n.m ■*)

r _?m^ m a s'lah adj. blossoming ; blossomed (P ~0^/J
, r as' tan )

j ra' sad n.f. supplies . provisions rations

itffju/j ra' sad pahuitcjtana v.t. sending the
supplies 'Jlsj la's ad-rasa' ni n.f supplies

provisioning (fMl ra'sadi \p; proportionate
(SjSj&his'sa-a-ra'sadi n.m proportionate share

[ p ~e**0]

[ S aras' -ktpour n.m. a poisonous mercury

compound

L/ ras'l-o rasa'll (cork, oi

ru' siil-o rasa 'it) n.m/ pl. com-
munications (ped.) exchange of envoys and
epistles sila-e ras'l-o rasd'il n.m

communications system [A ~ CAi/j |

<y-

rH' SHI N.M. PL. prophets

envoys n.m pl (A - sing.

I*

* raim n.f. (pl. riisoom')

' * — established usage

tom

rite cus-
practice

mode • manner formality ceremony
(rare) marking writing ras'm par & al’na

v.i. observe a custom ras'm-el-kjhat n.m.

alphabet writing , or hography 4il rasm
<jal'na v.i. introduce a custom set up a practice
ras'm-o-rtuaj' n m. custom and usage
ways and manners [f'jras'man adv by way
of formality (/v ras'mi adj. customary
formal superficial [A]

I j* ras'masa adj. (f. ras'masi ) wet

thick (soup)

j ra' san n.f. rope , cord j} 0 f'jrdsan-baz n.m.
(✓ * rope-dancer juggler^) ra tan-

ba'a n.f. rope trick [P}

i*. . ris'tta v.i. leak ooze drip trickle
exude

I’ll’j, ras'na bas'na v.t. have a happy homc-
life

\y*J rust a' adj. notorious scandalized

fc/lri nssoa kar'ne v.t scandalize
disgrace tyly'j nisoa' ho'ne v.t. become noto-
rious be scandalized be d isg receded
rUsoa-t garni nah (or ‘ alam ) adj. very notorious
infamous everywhere rUs»a"i n f noto-
riety infamy opprobrium disgrace |P)

•• -yi. rasaut n f. ‘amomum an thorhizum' ex-
tract , name of a bitter drug
1 j rusookh' n.m. access influence

* flavour (rare) firmness sar-o-

rUsookh’ n.m influence tyC,fjsta' tar rusookh’ hona
v.i be an influential person

I o/l Taso ° l N-M ‘ ( PL - fc ¥ J ** **0 pophet

' messenge rasuot-r ah' ram foi

-pak' or -karlm") n.m.' the Holy Prophet |A-

rasau It n.f tumour

rites

customs

-matilics n.f. five , duty ru soo'm-t
F sump dutycMi»(5^ rusoo'm-t ‘odi'lat

- . rusoom n.f Pl.

formalities
satk&r n

n.f court -fee IA - sine, /j 1
s* . rasd'i N.f (dial.) kitchen meals

ras sah U J ras Sa M.M. rope ras it N F
rope cord swing Iptfj ras'si haf'na v.i.
twist or twine a rope ras'd j at

gi'l par bal' na’hifi ga’ya~ pkov ‘ ’ habits take

long to depart ’ his arroganrr survives his
financial ruin tyls n **) r * J ** dor if

ho nix v.i. (of evil-doer) get a long ropel
ras' si cthi'li (kkor'na V.I . g"* » *<>"I ro F l 10 )

let the reins drops ra> **■ * a

banana v.i, exaggerate ; draw the long bow |
spread a panic

\^ m ^’ras'ya adj. fond addict l-
*•

■ rasid ' n.f. receipt acknowledgement]
arrival vftjjifjSj rasid' ja’ri kar’na v.l,
issue receipt tja rasid' dtna v.t. give receipt
issue acknowledgement Jaij^sfrasid' naq'di.
jifju^rasid-e naq'd n.f. cash memo $Jg~ jrasi'dagi
n.f. arrival maturity ripeness ; mellow-
ness suf. personal knowledge ; intimacy
rasi'dah suf, arrived received ripe ;
mellow advanced (in years) intimate (with |
God) [P]

< i. ^yrasila apt. juicy - luscious sweet |
(music)

risi'var n.m. receiver (EJ

•^J^J rish' tah n.m. relationship ; kinship
■'connexion affinity (lit.) thread;
stringjt^^ rish'le-dor (ped. -la-) n.m. relation;
relative kinsman kith and kin jljsZ/Vf'a&z'
ri&te-dar' n.m. pi., kith and kin ; kinsfolk ; rc-
lations^/bA^ifft'/f-rfa'ri (ped. -to-) n.f. re-
lationship kinship [P] .

— rashhnt' n.m. PL. drops fc/\fjrasWha l-t
qa'lam n.m. pi., (met.) writings (of)
risfc'rf n.m. rectitude discemment*^ c r'|
sin'n-t rant'd n.m. majority ; maturity
sin n-t ritsh'd ko pahuttt'nd v.i. attain
majority [PJ

. jfe , rash' I: n.m. envyityijXl/ljCj rash'k kar'na
(or hn'na) v.i. be envious ; envy [A]

*• // risfc’iwl n.f. bribe i)l<£al gratifica-
tion (0&lj$lji/c/*4TlMMt-khor

(or -khar or sitab’) n.m. & adj. (one) who takes
bribes; corrupt (person)^ risk' vat
kho'ri (or kha'n or sita'ni) n.r. acceptance of
bribe or illegal gratification ^*10^ l> ; dspyrnsfC uai
dt'na (or khila'na) v.t. bribe ; offer illegal grati
fication (il/ljiJ£>r'jns : h'uat le'na (or kha'na) v.i,
take bribe : accept illegal gratification ■

. ri'M n.m. Hindu saint (jf'if'J ri'ik.i
W * n.m. pm. saints and ascetics [S]

. . d^s rashid' apj . pious ; righteous rightly-]
»• '* guided ; orthodox (A -

f*j rt'aya n.m. (abb. for^i/^PH. *)

♦ • . nia n.f. leave ; permission pleasure
approval good office wish ; desire
(J/fl kirifa-jn'i n.f. seeking the good offices
(of) asking ( someone) about his wish bid

to fulfil the wish (of) jtfbj ri&'-kar n.m. volunteer
^j/C*jriia' -kata nah adv. voluntarily jstij riza-
matd adj. willing agreeable (to)ifj>ijjriza-
mah'dl N.F. ^ willipgn'ess consent approval
condescension<^>li/n>a'-o ragh'bat n.p. free
consent and pleasure ; willingness and inclina-
tion^x^df jbijrizs' -o-ragh' bat se, JZvjLirjtba-riza'-o
ragh'bat adv. willingly with pleasure
of own accord [A]

riza 'al n.f. suckling ; foster ; affinity;
fosterage tester JOjriia ‘i adj. foster
Jli bka’i foster-brother i

bai'han n.f. foster-sister [AJ

/. . I raia'x N.F. quilt coverlet; counter -
pane

• rizvan' n m. (name of angel who is)
Izf’Jr* Paradise janitor God’s oleasurc

good offices condescension [A doublet of v>j]

’a ri’zatri n.m. (f. rizaviy'yah) descendent

of Imam Musa Riza [A]
rulab n.m. pi., ripe dates [A]

rat'b adj. moist ; damp verdant
supple nf[^>LJliral'b-ul-lisan' adj. facile
tfiiifjbrat'h-o yabis n.m. padding, worthless
stuff [A]

rat' l n.m. (arch.) weight equivalent to
about one pound wineglass ral'Ut

garati n.m. large measure of wine [A]

,ru too'bat n.f. moisture damp

ft

humidity sap (A]

. . ra'n'ya n.f. subjects populace
public tenants [A ~ sing.
t Wj j rt'a'yat n.f. regard , favour partia-

lity bias indulgence kindness

remission rebate grace privilege
rt'a'yat kar'na v.l. show favour be particle

to remit allow a rebate re'ayal ho'ni

v.i. be shown special or undue favour be
remitted be allowed a rebate J'Jfjre'a'yalt
adj. grace (marks, etc.) complimentary
privilege reduced (rare, etc.) [A]

^ ro''b n.m. awe comriianding person-
^ ality fear terror bullying ; bluff

pomp and show
ham (or jama'na or
dal' rid or gahib'na), inspire with awe over-
awe frighten terrify bluff ; bully
ro'’b.dar adj. awesome ; awe-inspiring
commanding domineering (personality)
stentorian (voice) meb and V.i

be overawed (by) be bluffed (by)

display of rank or dignity
(t£ fi Olji ilgbi&tfro "b bi hi

MS

ro‘’b(-o) dab’ m.m. awe display of tank and
dignity commanding personality [A]
rat'd n.m. thunder [A]

Agf ra l 'shah n.m. shaking pa.ltyfii}jjb&) ra''sha~
**** dar (or -za' dak) adj. palsied; suffering from
the.shaking palsy [A]

<Vj ra ‘na' adj. graceful exquisitely
J beautiful cute two coloured- and
bright (eye, flower, etc.) f&rdta!'\ n.f.
grace exquisite ; beauty cuteness colour*
fulness Jyr#IS)ra‘na”i-* khajal’ n.f. ex-
quisite ideas flights of fancy [A]

«*/>■ ro'oo’nal n.f. arrogance ; haughtiness
" * pride ; vanity ; conceit [A]

i«a. raHy'yal n.f. (pl. Lltj rat d yd) subjects

^ 4 - people populace public tenants
J»itZ*fJra'iy'yat paT , var,j i jcJ'j ra'iy'yat-naoad adj.

protector of subjects benevolent
ra ‘ iy'yat-par 'vari,(fjt ')£/% ra ‘ iy'yat-naoa' & N.F.
protection of subjects benevolence [A]

~jprragh'bat n.f. inclination wish ;

esteeni ; predilection desire
keenness ragh’bat za'hir kar'tat v.L.

show inclination for [A]
fj ragh’m . n.m. touching die ground (only In
| ph.) 'al-ar-rafh'm adv. in spite
of ; despite contrary to the wishes (of) [A]

, raj adj. rough n.m. rough work ; rough
copy

m7i* rija'qot n.f. companion ; comradeship
^ ” friendship ^loyalty association

society ; company vjchlijrija'qafkar’ta v.T.
accompany ; keep' (someone) company be
friendly (with) qyt rija’qot add

kar’na v.i. be loyal [A-

jlj rajah' m.m . , rofa'hiyat n.f. long and
comfortable rafqk-* ‘an’

(or 'am' mob) (ka kam‘) n.m. public welfare [A]

raft v.t. went affix, going tfPjtjjdmad-o-
raft n.f. coming and going traffic
continued* movement of people ingress
and egress gbzfirft adv settled;

forgiven and forgotten matter of the past;
dead had gone raftani adj. mortal
likely to go [P~

j** rajtar' n.f. speed pace conduct ;

disport rajtdr-o-gojtar' n.f. man*-

nets conduct behaviour demeanour
disport (P~

rdf tab adj. deceased gone ; departed

lost taftafi rtf tab adv. step

by step ; by degrees gradually in due
course j&ij raftagab n.m. the departed ones ; the
dead and gone [P - ]

•a • . raf'raf n.m. Holy Prophet’s conveyance
“/ v during ascension from Jerusalem upwards
Jine printed silk carpet large pillow (A)
pa?, raf'z n.m. schism dissentient*^
refi 6 n.m. ★ [A]

Jj . raj" n.m. nominative case vowel
point indicative of it removal eragiefr
tion lifting ; elevation exallation
raf'-daj" (cOl. raja * dot jot) n.m. settlement
rof'-t spar n.m. settlement of dispute era-
dication of evil I’/^Jraja' kar'tat v.t. set at
rest eradicate (evil, etc.) remove (cause for
complaint) tr*gjraj"-t yadain' n.m. lifting of
hands with post-preliminary ‘takbirs’ [A]

rij"at n.f. height; altitude eminence
nobility exaltation [A)

(V. r jaqa n.m. companions ; comrades

^7 friends (A ~ sing. t?j)

iwr. n.f. fine muslin fine woollen

i rajoo (ped. r Joo') n.m. dam daring
* stitching (• f wound) VJfj ra'Joo kar'na
v.T. dam _fjj rajoo-gar n.m. darner tfjij ra'Joo
ga’ri n.f. darning (as profession) (P]

|*s S . rafoo-tiak'kar bo ja’na v.i. sneak
*■7^ ' ^ away ; slink away
: rtf dob n.m. pad on which baker puts
broad in oven ; baker’s pad
, riff adj. high ; sublime ; exalted ; ele-
^ vated roji'^ash dian' (rare
raji'‘-9d-darqjal' , raji"~iilqad’r,

rajf 'Sl-mar' tabat adj. of high status dignt-

fied ; exalted [ykj

**I rajiq' n.m. (pl. (lit r jaqd) comrade;
companion confederate raji'q~e

jUr'm n.m. accomplice otiitfs raji'q-t “rah' n.m.
fellow traveller j£jrafi'jqab n.f. partner (in
life) ; vttfc&}lfjit#iirajt’qa-e fayat' (or
zih'dagt or zts't) n.m. "(one’s) wife ; spouse [A)
raqdbat n.m. rivalry ; in love anta-
* -gonism tAj raqtb’ n.m. •fc [A]

A- raqqts’ n.m. pendulum dancer
UV J raqqdsah n.f. dancing girl prosti-
tute ; whore ; strumpet (A ~ )

j raq’bah n.m. area (fblfjraq’ba-t ara'z I n.m.
A * ' arm of land land Ctfjjraq'bah Kikoi-
na v.t. find out the area (of) [A]

1* ra'qabah n.m. (pl.w| firiqab) neck

slave [A]

"jZ.rtqqal n.w ^tenderness weeping
thinness tiq'qat-dnuz (or -ah^et' i
ADJ. touching N.F. kindness ,

tenderness of heart ^ raqiq’ adj. ★ {A]
ij&j f aq's n.m. dance Jfj^jraq's-e bis' mil n.m.
^ writhing of slaughtered (animals, etcJ
raq's-o ssrod' n.m, dance and mus;t
concomitants of gay world [A]

^ rSq'dt’ n.m, pl. (see under n.m. jfr)

*? rQq‘ l ah n.m. letter ; epistle note
invitation prospective groom’s parti-

culars sent over as marriage proposal in form
of note to girl’s family patch £*& rQq'st’ n.m.

letters ; epistles collection of (someone’s)
epistles [A] ..

J . raq'tn n.m. (pl. r* Tuqonm') numeral I
C ' figure item sum total amount
writing stole [A]

ra'qam jpt'j ra'qam- tar dz n m. writer (of)
fyjy£tj ra qam-laraz' ho'na v t write
ra'qam kar'itd v.t. write ; indite put down
ra’qam-var adv. item by item l jffJ ra'qam
lio'ns v.t. be written [A]

"S raqlb' n.m. rival one who keeps guard
• ••'^(over) as attribute of God [A) .. ..

*• * raqiq' ADJ. (of fluid) thing not dense ‘^ st
raqi' q-ul-qal'h adj. kind hearted [A-£?j]
jf^jraqVmah n.m. letter [A ~ Jj rcq m]

»• l

t/rikdb' (col. rakdb’) siirrup (rare)
1 T^*^dish jlob^rikdb’-ddr n.m. footman

accompanying rider ; rider's ailcndant chef;
expert cook

yiS raka'bi n.f. small dish plate
0?' raka’bi maz'hab n : m . parasite ; one who
joins every feast uninvited ba-rikab' adj.

& adv. ready to start (old man) expecting
death any moment ham rikab' adv. in
attendance riding in company with ; accom-
panying [A]

raka'kal n.f. indecency (of words, etc.)

r

* <y raka'bi n.f.
0f J raka'bi maz',

~ VIA)

rakan' s.r manner

SiS ruk&'o N.M. ,Jsjtfruka'vat N.F.

(see under tX»v <. ★ )
r ah' slid n.m. rickshaw IE)

..j'rah 'al xsF. (pl .^bJjrak'dt')

qiic scr of standing,, genuflexion and pro-

stration in prayers [A doublet of fr/j ]
fj ruk'n n.m. member essential loot
C' metre one of the fundamentals of faith
(rare) pillar [A]

rUk'na v.t. stop stay I at or with)
refrain (from) ; desist from stammer ;
falter (in speech) come to a stop ; cease to
flow cease to have inspiration hesitate ftfj
ruka'o HM.Jsjl/j rUkd vat N.F.
obstacle obstruction delay
/JtjJj riik' riik' kar adv. faiter-
ingly

l> / riikoo" n.m. bow ; bowing
* in prayer ; (Muslim form
off genuflexion (A)

Xj rukk n.m. (same as jfi J n.m. •fc)

£ * raXA, i akkd ’o n.m. (see under n/t Jf)

"ill&J ritkha'i n.f. curtness indifference

<4>i

,xT rakk'sha n.f. (dial.) protectiono^fi^j
rakk' sjid-bah' (than n.f. a Hindu festival
also called ‘rakhi />J* [SI
j.jf^ rakk'na v.t. put 1 (place keep
passes hold keep back reserve
bury . inter mortgage . pledge ; pawn
save , lay by rakh'hn (rare, ra'kha) past
participle kept placed employed
mortgaged l^jU^n^'kkd rakkaya adj. kept
back laid by . saved b'jjf/fj rakk' cjiho r'na v.t.

keep back laid by ; saved iUjjtfj rakk
rakko"o n.m. formalities ceremonial be-
haviour . ceremony l 'Jjfjrakk lend v.t.
accept ; take engage keep back
rakh'iat' n m. guard . used only in prov. </. f. :
J , y^cfo^dL ot ' ii bit'll jate'biyon ki rakkval' ph.

thief guarding a treasure seta wolf to
watch the fold Vij»j r'akkva'la n.m. watchman
keeper guard rakkxa li n.f. care

custody watch L'/j'jtC rakkv&'ti kar'na v.t.
keep watch over safeguard C\j*J rakkvano
v.t. cause to put cause to keep give in
charge arrange burial ; perform funeral rites
deposit

// raklk' adj. indecent (words, remarks,
attack, etc.) [A~«s4i] /

rakin' adj. strong ; stable ] resolute
CL J rUk'n-r rakin' PH. strong pillar : pro-

minent member force of Strength (A - </■> 1
rag n.f vein artery vein (of
J plant, etc.) strain controls t/tjj
ras' * 'lama v.t. be appeased have a

rakkif'o

345

W fcj

VJj

rapture Itgdjrag' paf'ffca n.m. pl. veins and
sinews live of descent CSty*Sjrag' pka'rakna
v.i. have a premonition have an itch to
fdo some mischief or say something witty)>(»jC
rag'-dar adj. veined tfjJjrag'-zan n.m. phle-
botomist surgeon J^yJjro'g-o pai' n.m.
veins and muscles every ve; n t }J-S‘
ra'g-o pai' (or rt'sha) mth sira'yat”kar na t n.f.
affect the whole body Jj ra'g-o rr'shah n m.
every vein, ; veins and fibres ; nature ; constitu-
tion (Jlfjjra'g-e jap, Sj»^?h.nh'-rag, Jj^dmh'-
rag n.m. jugular vein JP] *

pf. ra'gar n.m. tyj rag'ra n.m. (see under tvJ

'r# v - T ; ) *

i t>j . ra'garna v.t. rub chafe scour
1 * grate grind reprove ; chastise

excruciate ra'gar n.f. friction attrition
abrasion ra'gar khans v.i. be rub-
bed be grazed /*£ rag'ra n.m. rubbing

harsh treatment dispute rag'ra jkag'ra

n.m. dispute argument altercation

trouble

^ raged' na v.t. inflict a crushing defeat
(in wrestling or fighting) handle ad-
versary harshly manhandle chastise

use roughly

,\i . rula'na v.t. cause to weep tease
vex excruciate ( ~ Ijj caus]
j*j . ral'na v.i. get mix up (with) get
lost (in crowd, etc.) raT mil' kar

adv. together jfrjJj ra'la mi' fa adj. mixed
adultrated get lost in crowd i‘pj rala'na v t.

mix up shuffle adulterate

Oj rul’na v.i. be rolled be tidied up
be taken from top [ — Ozj ]
rfj ram n.m. flight scramble stampede

I scare v/fi ram' kar'na take to one’s
heels fly away ratal dagi n.f. flight
scare [P ~

(i r animal' n.m. geomancer fortune-

U UJ teller [A ~Jj]
ijlJ r Amman' n.m. pomegranate [A]

rama'r.a v.t., 0"j ram'ia adj (see under
* ***>

rim' jkim n.'f. pattering sound (of rain)
f * ' rim' jhim' ba'rasna v.i. rain with

a pattering sound

j rn'mr.d n.m. redness of eyes [A]

. ram' l n.f. hint symbol secret^
secret (of) controlling power (ofJt/cJ^v

ram g-shinas' adj. one who takes a hint
conversant with in and outs (of) [A]

,/y ramazun' (col. ramzan') ninth month of
Hijri calendar ; fasting month ; Ramazan
JjUlJ&H ramqza'n-ul-muba'rak n.m. the blessed
Ramadan (so called because of being the month
of fasting and the one in which the revelation
of the Holy Quran began)' [A]
y. ra'maq n.f. the last gasp a little
U* tincture (of) ; spark (of) [A]

U ram'l n.m. divination ; geomancy
U * (rare) sand [A]

L ra'mal (also Jrj^bak'r-e ra'mal) n.f. a kind
of verse metre [A] '

ram' na v.i. tramp wander; be
•^' absorbed (in) n.m. (also Z'jram'riaK)
game preserve park t"l> rama'na v.t. cause
to wander adopt entice wheedle
blandish [yj ramta adj. roaming ; wandering
Jr&j ram’ia jo'gi n.m. wandering Hindu
ascetic tramp jPyfram'ta faqlr’ n.m. wander-

ing mendicant

jjfj rUmooz' n.m. pl. (see under. y»j n.f. 4*)

ra'mah n.m. herd ; flock [P]

s# ramidagl n.f. (see under (*J n m. if)

ramim' adj. decayed [A]

f i . ran n.m. battle ; war ; combat ; conflict .
rJ wood ; waste ; desert HP^j^yi^gkamsan'
ka ran par' na v.i. (of battle) ensue ; breakout
* ’ j, ran n.m. (or dial, f.) (in cricket) rvmCl>el J
ran bana’na v.i. make a run [A]

/ . raPj n.m. grief ; .distress anguish'
Q/* agony (rare) toil rap 'j-o gharn n.m.

distress sufferings ( O ' rakj ufka'na

(or saih'na ) v.i. undergo sufferings aggrieve

ra&j dt'na v.i. bring sufferings to
vex offend v/'&J rapj kar'na v.i.
grieve be vexed ; fret and fume take
offence (at) take umbrage (at) rah'j

mol'Je'na v.i. court trouble

rap'jish n.f. unpleasantness between
(persons) strained relations
rap'jisk ho'na v.i. have unpleasantness have
strained relations ,

A rap'jnk n.m. (arch.) touchhole ; match
(of gtln) priming powder Ci/t^yCrj ran'jel
Ur fna v.t. flash* in the j>an Cl^CfjraP’jak pila'na
v.t. prime iY£\fJ&jrap‘iak rhjt' ja'na v.t. (of

346

sJ?

musket) fail to go off rah'jak-dan' n.m.

priming pan [P]

jjf. rahjoor' ad). grieved ; distressed ill ;

■''*» afflicted (Jj£j ratjop'ri n.f. illness;

affliction grief ; anguish [P ~ £,J ]
mL k. rahji' dah adj. sad ; grieved dis-

pleased ; offended chagrined
rahji' da-khatir adj. afflicted in mind ; grieved ;
displeased c/ijjfj rakji'dah kar'tia v.t. dis-
please grieve 'falJjraHji 'dah ho’m v.i. be

grieved be displeased rahji' dagi n.f.

sadness displeasure [P ~ gj]
j£j rifid n.m. (pl. rare jj rinood') libertine
boozer sceptic ; free-thinker trick-

ster adj. licentious (person) bold
nhdanah adj. licentious ; bold dissolute

adv. like a reprobate boldly VJ<2yri/rrf'-
mash'rab adj. licentious bold (fju rih'di
n.f. licentionsness boozing boldness
r ree thinking trickery [P)
j»j rahd n.m. holes in rampart through which
to fire outside

| rahd'na v.t. (see under n.m. *)

* ah' dah h.m. (carpenter’s)

plane J>>iuV rail dah p/ur'na,
i'jlj rahd'na vTt. plane [P]

rhhdk'na v.t. (of throat) be choked

torso

rtlhd n.m.

^ tree ruhd ' main

Ox’J

be crushed

branchless trunk of
adj. branchless
dean shaven (etc.) ^

i I >. ruhda'pd n.m. widowhood, Iji/jCJ rahjsa'la
n.m. (dial.) widow’s weeds IjjTJ rahd'na
n ,m . widower jjfj rahd n.f. it
.>. rah’di n.f. prostitute; whore; harlot
(rare) [woman j rah' 41 -bat n.m.
whoremonger rake 4i-ba V N.F.

licentiousness whoremongering [doublet of
i*l>N.F. *J

fimrabg n.m. colour ; hue pigment
paint dye (irt cards) suit merri-
ment ; revelry sort manner ; mode con-
dition pomp and show tfj£d%jrahg'&me z* N.f.

colouring painting colouring (of facts);

misrepresentation ; tainting V/yy/li m &rahg-ame'&
kar'm v.t. & i. colour paint taint ;
misrepresent (iUj'lijCiULdzrahg ar'na (or a tar jam
v.t. fade ; lose colour become pale
have the- blue funks t^j^jrah'ga tahg adj.
variegated colourtul^)(^/ 4 ^^wl| g-aftha ng N.F.
colouring sprinkling colour

6'kharna v.i. lose splendour (of colour ,
pomp, etc.) vanish (of effect) be no longer
strong li^'t ,_Xu rahg bahdh'na V.I. create much
effect ba’dalna v.i. change colour

be changed be fickle ; be capricious
rahg' ba-rang’, adj. variegated of various
types colourful fr/dij rahg bi'garhz v. i.
lose colour ; fade suffer a change for the
wore etyftJzjrahg' bkar'ni v.t. colour ; paint

frl^faratz-bti'M n.f. sprinkling of colour

rahg par ana become * prorferous become
effective rahg' pa'karni v.i be coloured
adopt (someone’s) ways fresh up
£^(h>i)rahg pki’ka (or mail da) par ja'ni v.i.
lose colour lose lustre be no longer effec-

tive U’jLgt^&rahg' pai'da kar'na v.i. adopt (some-
one’s) ways UgiMrafigjama'itt v.i. make effec-
tive PL.X rahg jam' na v.i. be effective C^^/tohg
eparkana v.t. paint dye teach (own)
ways intoxicat aOifL&rang tpark'na v.i.

be painted be dyed adopt (someone’s)

ways be intoxicated,/*^ rahg'-dar adj.

coloured painted lawdry Ctfj^&rahg dikh&'n*
v.t. St i. display bring into play
produce a result iSfikJ^jrahg' dekk'nd v.i. ex-
amine the state (of) see the result (of) see
or suffer through the vjcissitudes (of) witness
the splendour (of) rahg ’ dkafig n.ma

style ; fashion manners appearance (JuJtj
rahg' ras n.f. gay life dance, and music
]$J&rahg' rahgi'la adj. coloured rahg

ral'yah n.f. revels ; revelry gaiety lik*.
of luxury OsiJlijtJ&rahg ral'yah man&’na v.i.
lead a gay life" live in luxury rahg\ roep

n.m. complexion form ; character
rahg’ rau'ghan n.m. / colour lustre rahg-

rtt' n.m. a dyer (jjf^jrahg re'zi n.f. dying^J J J 4 _^i
rahg zar'd h n 'na v.i, grow pale have .the
blue funks jlZjrahg' -saz n.m. painterl/$-<&
rahg faq ho'na v.i. have the blue funks ty^jrahg
kat'na v.t. bleach ctrCbnhg'-kat n.m. bleaching
powder $Lj£jrQhg hat 'na v.i. be bleached
(of colour) be washed off I tjl*£irahg kar na v.T.
paint iO^)0^i^jrahg kkU'n 3 (or kkilnit) v.i.
(of colour) grow !evelierU^_^> rahg tout na v.i.
(dial.) sprinkle colour (esp. during Hindu festival
HoliHV. J&rahg la'na v. bloom fresh up

bring about a change produce a result

succeed cause troubl ej^i^irahg’-ma (ml n.m.

festive palace banquet Hal
rang mrh bkahg' dal’ni v.t. spoil a sport
rahg f mm bkahg' par'na v.t. (of sport,gaiety, etc.)

348

^J^fj r oi’dn adj. moving. flowing fleeting
going on viable current adv, (read)
fluently : without spelling out lir/jl tjravafi'
parh'nd v.t. read fluently without spelling out
raoafi kar'nd v.t. get going set
r 't>lit ho'ns v.i. be current be a
going concern be in progress (Jljfji/sa'l-e
n.m. current year um'r-e Ttw 3 .fl

n.m. fleeting life jtjj rava'ni n.f. flux
fluency working ki rava'ni

N .i . readiness of mind felicity of phrase
or fancy [P~ c /5go]

/ j f rSt’3*' n.f. soul (J^j^roo’h-o-rvvan' n.f.

J soul the soul (of) [P]

- roo n Zh n.m. down small hair (of
U body) nap \>j roo"afi roo”aft

do 1 a' dels hai pts. I pray for you from the core*
of my he2LTt%lf{jt} t jljjroo' , cift roo'^ah kahp'nn v.t.
be jittery; tremble all over jljtfjjroo” efi-dar' adj.

downy with raised nap
# l rauanah (dial, ravZ'na) adv. proceeding
despatched tl/pldj rava nah kar'na v.t.
despatch send I'/fZljjravd'nah ho'rta v.i. set
out ; depart$»v raUan'gi n.f. (ped. rava'nagi)
departure despatch # It j rava'ni n.f. (seconder

ADJ. it) [P~ </V]

&lljj rita'jHIt NJ. PL. (sec under *)

•*

rum'yal h.f. (pl.^U \jj riuny&l') narration
narrative traditiori legend

statevent ; version [A]
fi ' , jjj to' bah n.f . fox (jjbotfrobah-ba'zt,
j robi'hi N.F. cunning [P]

robkzr' n.f. (see under ^ too n.m. ■*)

\J[)j too'bal n.m. rouble [R]

j t jrotH> N.M. (dial.) beauty elegance

'. form disguise ; guise CU‘s'5r«o/r ba’dalna
v.t. change {ormbj^i^roop bigar'na v.t.
mar deface; disfigure reap

bans' na (or dhzr'na) v.t, personate C'Jgf&j roop
dlkhS'ni v.t. show one’s lovely face j&'Cghroop
nfigar’ n.m. beauty and make-up ogO/Jsfpai'hal-
roop n.m- chrysalis (of insect)

. rupaih'ltt adj. (r.JfjJ rupaih'll) silver; sii-
* very [ 8 ~ ^silver]

.» rlipa’yah n.m. rupee money wealth;
.^•'riches C&j'yJtvpatyah Utkc'na v.t. spend
(so much) money \Jd^jrilpa yah uth’no v.t. (of
,o much) be spend ( it 'fipa'jtoh bhuni'na
or t««'iw)v.i. get a change i'/ijs&sjjtupa'yah
-lik'rt kar'ns v.i spend lavishly waste

ijJJ

money [8- ^silver]

rof n.m.* (see under fr; it)

root n.m. route ‘-if ^ 3 j root’ parrmt n.f
route permit [E| r

jooth'na v.i. cool down (towards friend,
■''etc.) owing to be misunderstanding dis-
pleased not to be on speaking terms (with
friend, etc.)

J’s .ro't* n.f. loaf ; bread meals board
0 livelihood ; means of livelihood l
to' fi paka na \ bake bread ro'fi de'na V.t.
support Cjgtfjjro’ti chM'parna V.t butter the
bread ffflpjro'u kap'ra n.m. maintenance

maintenance allowance ijjQfJtjro'tiyah tor'na,
Ck^jdlrotiyofi par pgl’n a v. be a hanger on tftJ/jJ
' tjlro'tiyofi ka tna'ra adj. starved J) I3 ()*J ro'ti vs 'la
n.m. baker Jijjrot n.m. thick large loaf
p}. rooty n.f. (pl.^j jiaroah') soul essence

quintessence the reality (behind)
heart life spirit fiz/jToo'tyqfta'tfz/j rooty -

flta' adj. exhilarating ^pf^/jroo' tyuUamxft ,
roo'tyul-qud's n.m. Gabrial the

Holy GhostjS/^-i roo'h Ullah’ n.m. Jesus (as the
Holy Ghost) d&Z/tjrooh' bka'takna v.i. (of soul)
be uneasy ; having frequent recourse to the
world owing to some uneaniness

rooty par oat! kar'ns (or ni’kalna) v.t. 'die ,
pass away ; give up the ghost be frightened
to death ; have the blue funks tyo

rSoaty n.f. heart and soul !i

rooty oai'se jiritk'tf prov, like priest like people
jlr*! rooha' nt ADJ. tpiriUial&lsbpj roohaniy'yat n r
spirituality adj. (fare spiritual [A|

' rod n.m. river stream (rare)
guitar like musical instrument
jbjfj ™d bar' N.f. gulf ; strait
area abounding in srreams (PJ
/ roodad’,jlojjroo'’tdid,

Jr)}J roo"tdad n.f. account

report proceedings ttatt^^frlyjs roods' d-t
jal'sah n.f. proceedings of a meeting isybo*
roods’ de muqad’damah n.f. proceedings of a case
tfZjySjU roodad'-naoU' n.m. (arch.) reporter [P ~
djfjyjtake place ~yj +

ro'dah n.m. gut string of musical

9>JJ:

instrument (P)

jjj rod w.f. road [E]

^ stone Or brick ^

to' fa taka' na v t put obstacles in the

. ro'ra n.m. brickbat small piece of
rtr tiriflt old resident (of

Jjj

349

cr,

jj

(ka) ro'rs hona v.i, be a part -and pared of
!$*» ro'ri n.f.. broken stones- or bricks
• < toz n.m. day daytime a dv. daily
JyVper day always day in and day out
<Jpl : jjroz-afzoon' adj. ever-increasing adv. in-
creasing day by dayjj/ jjJroz' ba-roz' ADV.
day by day constantly pfjjjro'z-e jazz' n.m.
day of Judgement ; doomsday •flP'Jyjro'z-ehisab’
N.M. day of reckon [ngJPjjj ro’z-t fiash'r n.m. Day
«f Resurrection roz’ foz adv. every day
a 1 ways [fjJjjJjJTo’z-e rau'shan meh adv. in broad
daylighuJU^irog-e siyah' n.m, calamity
roz-e qiya'mat n.m. Doomsday j/j 1 )j roz mar' rah
n.m. spoken language adj. customary usual adv.
daily ; everyday^' jjj roz-nam'^oh n.m. diary
day book (of accounts) £\;}jjtoz'nm'-
cha-havis' v.i. literary diarist police clerk
(fij JiCjjJ roz-nam'dia navi' si n.f. diary writing
sVjjjroz-na'mah N.M. newspaper ; daihyjyyl?
shabarta-roz, jjj ro'z-o-shab' adv. round the
< • iockv l)jj roza'nah ADV. daily jtfjjjroz-gar’ n.m.
livelihood employment world age
time Isygjtfjfjroz'-gur dthoot'vz v.i. be sacked
be out of job; bo tm«hiploycd(l>J',» WjvJv
roz-gar' lag’na (or mil'mi) V.i. get a job , . be fix
up vj)jrr>zah n.m. fast leht(ltyplrjli//U&l0jjJ
rn'zah if tar kar'na (or k&ol'na) v.i. break one’s

# S L-M

fast bJojjJro'zah tor'na v. break one’s fast before
tim fjjrgjjj ro’za-khor n.m. & adj. (one) who
does not fast jlj jfijj ro'zah-dar n.m. & adj. fasting
(person) cXjajjJ ro'zah rakk'nz V.i. fast CWiJjj
ro'zaji kha’na v.i. not to fast n.f.
daily bread livelihood. wages pay ;

salary job t>Jpjro'zi-kek,(J^j(jijjj ro'zH-rasah'

n.m. providence ; God (as the Giver of daily
bread )>sJjj rozi'nak n.m. stipend daily

allowance daily wages j rozi'na dar n.m.

stipendiary one granted a daily allow-
ance [P]

ni’gaf n.m. (see under jfJvjt. it)

. rau'zan \.m. inlet. for fresh air ; venti-
lator hole (.in wall) [P]

• ro’zah n . m . Jjjjro’n n.f.^zJfjrozXnah h . m .
( s « under jyyHM. it)

( or roos 'ia) n.m. village oVlSjj ‘is-
za'iah n.m. villager ; rustic^} lPi>roua'’l
n.m. villager ; rustic ffijjAs tala' nt-e rosta”* n.m.
greetings or meeting with a motive [P)

jhj ro ° s 'It adj, /of land) not quite (ertil

avenue

fashion

•*, ra visa n

( J)* manner

(P - S°]

•*/ rau'shan adj. bright
Is ^lighted manifest evid
i^ii/fjrau' shan-datl n.m
skylight *'■ *

minded

walk

style

made .
behaviour

shining
nt ; obvi.Vu
ventilator (are',
skylight rau' shan-dimdgh ' adj . broa-a

intelligent rau' shan-zam r'

(or dll) adj. godly pure of heart
toshn a'’i,(ped. raushna'i) n.f. ink^ (rare)

in

na

light*-Coraa' shanak n.f. torch-bearerjTr ^ rausW
(ped. raushani) n.f. light pbffijroush’ni dal'
v.t. throw light (on) rau’ sham-e lab >' n.f.

intelligence sagacity ; shrewdness {
raush'ni k’nsv.i. light light (a lamp)
iWuminatel'y'ifjjraush'ni ho'na v.i. be illumin-
ated dawn [P]

. rau'zah n.m. (pl. ^Ijriyaz') mausoleum
shrine (rare) garden (a Isoi **&}>
rau'zat-ush-shukada) name of a Slu’ite book
recited at mourning assemblies U&slrau'zo
khanu.u. reciter of this book reciter of
elegies [j l/^SJ rau' rji-kha ni n.f. recitation oi
elegies, etc. rau'za-e riz'van n.m. para-

dise [PI

rau'ghan n.m. .paint polish oil
( yiJ allow (jji>^jrau'ghan-e balsati n.m.
balsom-l/jgfij rau’ ghan-e zar'd N.m. (arch.) butter
oil ; clarified butter ; ghee t^ijfjrau' %han~t siyah
n.m- (arch.) mustard oi\0 , j\} cfrjrau' ghan-c qaz'
mal'na v.t. pull (someone’s) legO^jjJyrua'ghan-c
naj't n.m. (rare) kerosene oil ; petroleum jfjJ
raugha'rii adj. (of bread) with butter mixed
in dough ; cake-like oily [P] —

ro'kar. n.m. (slang) cash, ready money
J ) ^ {$J t kfjiro' kar bik'ri n.f. cash sale^ifrj
ro'kar ba'hi n.f. cash book

( roo’kan n.f. extra quantity or additional
article given in the bargain to please the
customer ; extra quantity ; additional attraction
.•/ rok'tia v.t. stop withhold detain

Ujj restrain prohibit hinder check

impede interrupt block avert
prevent bar challenge stay
rok n.m. bar. barrier snag obstacle
obstruction hindrance restraint limita-
tion restriction interruption prevention

prohibition check stay
port brake rok' ‘.ham n.f.

sup-
chccl:

restraint stay prevention remedy

eradication stoppage iJ/OiJ rok'-iok n.f.

let or hindrance obstruction prohibition

350

v)J

'~S)J

opposition JjJjjJ~bt-rok'-tok, (col. JjJjjIk,
hi-la'-rok' -tok adv without let or hindrance
freely

roo ^t (dial, rokh.) n.m. tree

. roo'khs ADj. (F. roa'khi) without
stew, etc. plain dry unbuttcred
unseasoned poor indifferent curt
uncivil i^elpj&roo'kha jamb' N.nf. curt reply
roo'kka sa ADJ. curt indifferent uncivil
insipid KgUsjroo'kha phi'ka ivo'kka

soo'kha adj. plain curt blunt n m. poor
meal ; plain food d(/jjroo'kka-pan,^^jj rukia"i
n.f. coldness : indifference incivility
curtness / f

/ . tog n.m. illness: disease ( IsHj l JlJjjrog'
pa''ra (or lags' le'na) v.i. be maso-
i his tic hug trouble nurse some illness 0J->
ro'gi n.m. sick man adj. sick Qjj^sa'da-ro'gi
n.m. invalid

, rau'la n.m. noise riot ; disturbance

hue and cry £\/forau'la maefia'na v.i.
make a noise create a disturbance raise
a h»e and cry

rol'na v.T. roll gather up thus '

make much money

UjJ

rom n.m. small hair of body down

I V . rom, foro'ma n.m. Rome ^ faro man n.m.
f * Roman n.f. Roman script Urdu
written in Roman script i*dy/Q$jro'man kai'tktlik
adj. & n.m. Roman Catholic (E]

. room n.m. Asia Minor Byzantine

Empire Ottoman Caliphate (arch.)
Turkey tfjjroo'mi adj. & n.m, Roman
Turk Turkish [A~E Rome]

.1 ) roomin' n.m.. Romance fojj'rooma'ni adj.
w*' romantic L Z?l>jroomaniy'yat (or rooms' ntyai)
n.f. R omant icism ci roomamy jal- pas <tiid‘

n.m. & .adj. Romantic (fj^izstfroomini/yat-
pa sail’d* n.f. romanticism [E]

I * . tops v.t. & t. weep cry mourn
, gr.ieve Vj jjro dt'ai v.i. burst into tears

\vlj*»\>)£sijro pit' (or dho' or ro‘) kar ~ adv.
with great difhcult after weeping 'rtstyiro'nt
too' rat n.m. (person with) sad countenance

kill-joy Cg£i ro'na pit’nd, Ijsj&ro'na dho'na v.

cry. weep bitterly mourn n.m. fuss
ro'na ro'na v.i. relate (one's) tale of woe «j
roni sural adj. of a sad countenance . about to
weep \P[i>rohak's& (dial. leljjro'o'ia&ljjro'M'sa)
adj. {v. i^ltjrohab'si dial tfbj ‘^tjj feeling
lik* trying

4

* J rauhd n.f. patrol round | ~E round

CORR. ]

Ujj rauhd'na v.t. trample tread under foot
Ipjijjrauii'dan trample bTi/yuM ratin' dan men
arts v.r. be trampled

«,* jfairiii'dah n.m. (pl .tf/foravin'dagan) one
who goes [P - gJSS/ go]

-A .rau'naq n.f fkiurishing state being

*** crowded (of market) being busy
being in full swing freshness bloom
splendour pomp and showtfij yitfjjrau'naq
afroi' ho'na v.i. (euph.) grace the occasion
arrive sit rau'naq-vala, ^Jjj^pur-rau’naq

adj. busy well-attended full of activity
flourishing blooming fresh- splendid
successful [P]

. raitg'.ia n.m. small hair

* of body fine wool

te kka're ho'na v.i
(of hair) stand on end (front fear
or cold) ; feel jittrey

ravan naf ’- tV raoan'na n.m. errand boy
pass octroi permit [P~ XwCORR.)
IdftJJ rohaftsa adj. (f. ff^^sjrohsit’si) ( see under

fv ★;

&*f}J roo'hat n.f. freshness

n.f. a kind of fish
corners of eyelids

j/lj roo"edad,j!/s$roo’tdad' N.F.
, ( sarae as N - F ★)

'I . j roo”l n.f. cotton cotton wool
** roo"t tom'na v.t. comb cotton with the
hand jtjfojroo"i-dar' adj stuffed with cotton
( f oo"i dkunak'nA (or dhitn'ns) v.i.
card cotton too”i ka ga'la n m. cotton

flake something while and soft
roo"i ka not meh ikons' na v.i. turn a deaf ear (to)
roo"e n.m. (construct form of jj too n.m.-A)

J *' ro’i'dagi n.m. vegetation plant
m ^ growth [P -fi^Xjgrow ]

ro'ya (or ro"') n.m dream vision

•* J J roya'-e sa'diqah n.m. true dream
la' blr-itr-ro"ya n.f. interpretation of
dreams [A ~ foll.]

ro'yat (or re"-) n.m. f
sighting ob-
servation ro'yat- e-htlal'

n.m. sighting of new moon

ramy'yat n.f consideration
thought |A doublet of tou. )

MjJ isoiy'yah N.M.

conduct
I.

behaviour {A}

pj rah n.f. (same as eJ n.f. it)y^ J rah'-bar n.m.

l^jrah'-zan h.h. rch'-gu'zar N.F. Irfj
rah'-nSms' n.m. (Jjfj rah' -rrQ moon' N .M. jjJ/jrah'-
nauar'd n.m. jljrjfah-var' n.m (sec under tb
n.f. it)

I rahu adj. released liberated freed
^ disengaged \if\j rrha' kar'n a v.t.
release free set at liberty ; liberate dis-
engage Hjf^jreha' ho'na v.l. be re (based be

set at liberty be liberated be disengaged
"l}\jrrha'’i n.f. it)

ra'ha sa'ha adj. (see under Vfj v.l. it)

rot, ° na V T - have (millstone, etc.) roughen-

4^1 reha‘'Uh n.f. ^ residence stay
\J fJ abode Vjfaoffitjre/ia" ish ikhti'yar kar'na
v.l. take up abode C^lp^/reha'ish rakh'na v.l,
stay [pseudo* P - LfJ ]

I reha' i n.f, release liberation dis-
l/I' charge acquittal Ci‘^iJri’hs”i frC'rs v.i.

be released be set free ; be set al liberty
be discharged ; be acquitted (V/lkt’k) l/S&U
reha ’i dena (or ’eta kar'tfS) v.t. release ; set
free P it reha]

„ ». rahba'myat n.f. monkey ; monastic life as
an institution (A]

reh'ban' n.m. pl. (see under n.m.

hat n.m. Persian wheel (rare) conti
tVnuity(usu inJU^si^ru'/M} lags im v.i. pay
frequent visits (fijraih'li n.f. small Persian
wheel routine instalment ’oih'fl

ba futk' no v.t. set up a routine settle instal-

ment Vtftfjraih' fi { ha!o' no v.i. tell on instal-
ments

t rP raih'stt.r (same as(/ir«r n.f. it)

t&j

rai'hakla N.M. a kind of small cannon

of3

n.m. mortagee’s repledging of property (A)

taih’n saih'n tiM. (see under tsvv.l. ★

rrA’« (ped. rah'ri) n.m, mortgage; pledge (j , !r tip
teh'n-e ora'll n.m. land mortage (f&itfj
reh'n-e intifa'i NM. a profitable mortgage
rek'n ba-qab'zah, J^bi^reh'n^ bil-qab'z ' n.m,
mortgage with possession *+flbtfjreh'n bi-la'
qab'zah n.m. mortgage without possession
jlydftnh'n-dir n.m. mortgagetVjt f(&jcfireh'n (se)
(Jjhitra'rta v.t. redeem v/jftfjTth'n rakk'na v.l.
mortgage pledge reh’n-na' mah n.m. mort-

gage deed c{dU>'f<>k’k-e reh'n, iJfjak' k-ir-tth’n
n.m. redemption mortgage dai reh'n

raih'na v.i. live reside dwell stay

remain last fare adv. continue

(to do or doing) ; go on (doing) (for em-
phasis) dlo^jraih'tr adv. in the presence of
during his life-time under his very nose
rraih'le raih'le adv. through continued

stay through unchecked deteriorationcyrb'>(jj5
raih'li duties tak adv. for ever ; ever and anon
iirtj raih' ja'rt a v.i. stay behind be left
undone be omitted miss be fatigued ;
be tired be exhausted become useless

grow too old and weak ( raih ratA kar
(or ke) adv. repeatedly time arid again
raih'ne de'na v.i. leave aside ; leave alone
let remain permit to stay raih'n saik'n

n.m. mode of life {home sbak ra'he

mm' all ah' hi ph. vanity of vanties ail is vanity
| a rahvar' ,jtyjmh'oar n.m. (see underpliN.r.
*}

^Ijtahin n.m. (rare) mortgaged pref." under
** t ratin' n-t min' not adj. under obligation
(to) ; obliged (to) indebted (to) [A - c£»)
ro’atS' N.M. (PL. ~ SING. <//*)

•, ra’oof (occ. spelt as^^xjADj. very kind n.m.
the Merciful (as attribute of God) (A -

,\,ra' i n.f, churning staff LjtqjJjra' i chain' nn
v.i. chum

t j/‘ra’is' n.m. (PL M/jra’asa’) rich person
landlord magnate chief ; head (of
department) [A]

^ J_ rt n.m. second note of national gamut ; int
oh hallo dear dear what you

(etc.)

i riya n.m. hyprocrisy pretence dis-

ZT simulation showv Up riya -kar' n.m. & adj.

hypocrite pretender dissembler decit-
ful (person) ZljtfUriyd'-kara'nah ADJ. & adv.
hypocritical (by) tfjV'Lj riya'-kdri n.f. hypo-
cricy pretence dissimulation show
riya”i adj. hypocritical [A]

W riyah' n.m. PL. ( ~ sing. £*/N. r it)

riya' sal n.f. State princely State
being a big landlord being very riel
ways of the rich tffyfcv'tf'tL.&'ljriya' sat be
sty a sat na'hih chal'ti prov. policy (or penaliza-
tion) is the mainstay of the ship of State

S)-

352

‘n. riyae' n.m. (pl. ci^ferau' Zfihy, gardens

^'ir (sing.) 'in- music) practice (esp. as a
profcssional)«5^;#^£.iaCN.F. physical e Per-

cies austerity*' drtil mystic exercise
riya'zat kar'na v.i. perform mystic exercise
riya'zati adj. devoting much attention to
mystic exercises [A]

"f. riy&‘& n.m. mathematics science of
C? .."'numbers, etc. including . music cfb(f*b J
riya'zi-dan n.m. mathematician |A]

. raib n.m. (rare) doubt u^jiila-raih' adv.
doubtless ; certainly [A]

^j£j,jtipab'lik n.f. republic [£]

* ril n.f. custom rile observance

fashion manners habit rds'ni
N.r. manners and customs

ntf n.f. Cii re'ia,Z£j re'tah n.m. sand
‘■'V' iPjret'Ia Adj. (F.jf'jrel'li) sandy t ’>j
ret' mi v.t. rasp ; file ^ re' it n.f. file
sandy beach sand stretch (usu.
along river)

J&i ret n.m. rate fE1 »j

*• ■

>i'.ika n.m. soap-wort ; soapnut-; soappod

!• j^'rijh.'na v.i. have a desire to possess

fall (for) incline (to) . find oneself
in love (with)

fichh n.m. bear

‘s'" rih n.f. (pl .frljtiyah') air
C/J wind flatulence fart. t <&■
fj>,rlh‘ kd dat'd n.m. gout; rheu-
matism if-J rt' hi adj. windy of wind

back-

> nrft, tfjufjfrjTiTk k’thadtSi n.f.

P/Jbamx. backbone (of)

, n>Z sup. shedding pouring vraVL-i
scattering n.f. chirp a kind of
land rtz' kar'nil V.i. chirp together

blandish n.f. cold catarrh

scattering flowing in small quanti-
ties Ijifyjre'zish ho'na v.i. run at the nose
ij/i-JJ rez-gafi n.p. change; small coins |P~

Si'. . , ... ,

•> j .re z<ir n.m. ra.J,orjSJ(y~ sej u re tar n.m.

riya/i n.f. flatulence n.f. pl. winds [A]-

raikari n.m. sweet basif W£jf7tiikh'm-r
C'\S raihdn n.m. its seed used as drug ; ‘ocimum
pelosum’ seed

fcU, rtkh n.f. fissure part of gums within
teeth

-Zg' rfkh'lah n.m. (arch.) Urdu (arch.)
‘pucca wall or house (arch.) plaster Af>|.
scattered fallen apart^j&z nkh'la-go n.m.

tekh' td-go'yitti) Urdu nkh‘ti

n.f. (arch.) women’s idiom in Urdu verse
composed in it [P]

*' yan S ‘™ & Al>l R <1 ,ni,ian ^

**,, xp red'-kards n.m. Red Cross

UW IE]

eb rr'diyam n.m. radium IE]

&J ,J -

** t> re'diyb n.m. radio aOJ. radio
rediya'i adj. radio [E]

afety razor [E]

. re'zah n.m. crumb bit piece scrap
0^>'Apj. slttiful minute.^^^J re'zfi-fhi'ni
N.f. picking up of crumbs plagiarize
draw inspiration (from) t yj re za re'zah adj.
in piece broken to pieces battered

J. ris N.F. emulation Ll/l/^jris' kar'na v.i.
W~ J emulate vie iwith)

t res n.f. race res' ka gho'ra n.m. race

res' ka maidan Ujfifj res kor's
n.m. race course I®] .

j jLJraisioraittf (^jjfcirais'toran n.m. restaU-
ram j E)

^j^J^ris'wah m.F. rope cord thread [FJ

** V *

rtsh n.f. beard n.m. (joe.) long-
CC^hcarded (persoh) rish'k’h/iiid n.m.

ridicule laughtef for ridicuJi [Pj
lUre'sham n.m. silk^fCjresli'ntt of ted. rt sham)
ft* <^(arch. rtshamih) adj. silk ; silken |P]
4. re' shah (or n-) n.m. fibre string (of
mango, etc.) vein (of leaf, etc.)
re' shah khat'mi ho'nd v.i. (vul.) fall for

be pleased jkigOre'sha-dar adj. fibrous

stringy jf - he-re’s ah ADJ. fibre less
stri ngless Tf sha-dava 'nl n.f. inirigiin

mischief-making [Pl

. . rai'nn' (pcd. ray a' an' n.m. beginning (of)

C'W'l*)

. rif n.f. sub- montane region (esp. ot North
Africa) [A|

* - rijar'm n.f. reformy'fjOry at'-

mar n.m. reformer^* |jb» if dr' -
me. n.m. pl. reforms [E]

> >*y ri/ryre'far.fi.u. refrigerator
SsZ/Z'* fridge [E]

• 40

> i y rikar'd ».•». record
9J rikar'd lor' ns v.t. break the
record ; better the record [E]
^J^rai'kat n.m. racket [EJ

lS/S

kba'K.r. (dial.) lines onpaliu

f ttg n.f. (lit.) sandt'tik^C rt'g-r rovati N.Fv
dufting sands Jtfrj reg’mzl n.m. sandpaper
(?{l£jTr'g-tiia'hi n.f. skink dried skink
(used as drug) jtj£ireg'-zar*M. desert- ; sandy
tract re'gisISn N.M. desert lage sandy
tfatt(P]

L-rel m.f. -railway train
V£ railwayjJ^fc reV-ga'ri H.f. rai^ ^aBsS^p—
way train Jl£jreV-tnt n i N.M.

(dial:) railwayman ; railway
employee Juni'tft n.m. rail-
way < railroad railway department [E]
kyd K.t. real spool bobbin- [Ej
,

rtl'n a v.i. (of crowd) ruch push for-

V* ward sally forth Jfcj re7a m.m. push (of
crowd) rush sally sortie torrent

flood (of pnfie) (jjit Jo rel’ pel n . f . crowd

large numbers plenty’ (of) ; abundance (of)
j^/fXsr w.r. pus ; matter [P]

N.r. ream [E]

(•» n ; (

rimti’knM. nrtwkV/Zr^Jjbj rimar'k
pas'- kar »3 pass a remark quip [E]
X| . rimafuf' n.m. remand VjjtUjriniahd’ lent
v.i, (of police) get (accused) remanded to
police custody) [E]

j . rain n.f. (dial, j night .Jgfrfj rain' bast'ra
Ifjl. night's halt night lodge rti'irf
ADJ. pet (bird) chirping at night [S]
ih rntfk N.f. snot ; snivel

.. j, re *' re * (or rt*' r»A) m.p. (child’s) whining
rf * kar'na v.i, whine

, . rikdh'na v.i. cook (used only with t't^as)

CeuyCtJ {taka' na rihdh’na .T. & i. do the
cooking ’

reindeer j EJ

rtjtk'na v. . (of ass) bray
rlig'ia v.i. creep ; crawl

J> . re' Mr m.m flock of (goats)

re'vari (or rryo'ri) n.f. sweet
cracker ri ** M* r ’

a'na V.t. land (oneself) in trouble : i|(|

be involved in difficulties ^

• , re'vaftd n.m, rhubarb
•^-tr re'mhd-e &w n.m. the Chinese
rhubarb .

* , rai'veniyoo n,m. revenue ^yjj rai'veniyo*
aj'sar n.m. Revenue Assistant* (EJ 1
yyj ric/yoo' n.m.. review periodica] [El

riynh' n.m. lung [AJ
i, uh n.f. -Fuller’s earth

r > §

LU

•*re fifteenth letter of Urdu alphabet (also
■^called Ta’-e hth'di) never used as an initial
sound in any word in Urdu or any other known
language of the world (in jummal reckoning)
(equivalent to) 200

\ J |

LmwkmkJ

•j* sixteenth letter of Urdu alphabet (also
J called ta me jamah or atf'-* manqoo'tah )
equivalent to English z) (in jummal reckon-
ing) seven

fza suf. born of ; offspring of ; scion of
^giving birth its giving rise to (P~ &j0’]

~ hzaj n.m copper sulphate; vitrioUSsxij
& * ga’j-e sijed' n.m. alum [PJ **

I , • gad n.m. provisions victuals ei/jlia'd-e
J ■* raA'.yk'VJ s#V-r sa'/or N.M. provisions for
journey [A

f / •&d n.m. birth suf. born of; offspring of
{Jtjdi .ad-boom n.m. birthplace native

land tjlJz&'dah suf. born of ) son of ifjfcg’it
suf. born of daughter of [P ~ &fj\

N U - Czar f E ~ R~ L]

y ,**ar adj. afflicted aggrieves wound-

J’Jcd adv. (weeping) bitterly suf. place
abounding in (something) Ajjfjair’
za’r-o-qatar' adv . (weep) bitterly

35f>

Ml j tubin' ’dafli N.F. command of the language
y } j\,j zubait -darac' (col. -ban-) adj. impud-
ent abuswe^j^rfpyezuban'-dara Zi N.F. irT1
pudencc use of abusive language ; abusing
K/(fjl*ctp ZUbsn'-darBZi kar'na (col. -ban-) v.i.
be impudent ' abuse; swear at Cuban dt na
v.t. promise ; give one’s word Z&baii -

ca'd-e khola'iq adj. talk or the town open
secret scandal zubah’-zad ho’na v.i.

be the talk of the town be an open secret
j Cuban' sambhal' kar v.i. carefully
not irresponsibly zubari sambkal'na v.i.
hold one’s tongue not to talk irresponsibly

O’&z-^tjcuban' se nikal'na v t. speak utter
pronounce P^^jljzuban' se ni'kalna v.i.
escape one’s lips be blurted out ./£

•uban' se khah'daq par ph. brag lip service

Cz’tflj Cuban si'na v.t. & I. be tongue-tied

keep silent tf^fljzuba'n-e sham " N.F. flame
Ij Cuban' qaitichi si ehal'na v.i. talk
fast be talkative IjjbfKybj cuban’ ka pho'ra n.m
foul-mouthed (person) l^fytjzuban' kat'na v.t.
interrupt (someone’s) speech zuban ka

chas’ka n.m. sweet tooth childish fondness
for tasty things waste of money on tasty foods
IfCVyi/j zuban’ ka mi'tka n.m. honey-tongued ;
soft-spoken Cuban' kat'na v.i. be penalized

for speaking out zuban' kar'na v.t.^ pro-
mise ; give one’s word of honour
Cuban' ko lagam' de'na v.t & i. hold one’s
tongue retrain from talking irresponsibly
jzuban' ko lagam’ no ho'na v.i. talk
irresponsibly Oj*(])\‘jzuban‘' khulvana v.i. force
to do some plain speaking Oj^jljcuban' khot'na
v.i. speak out give tit for tat
Cuban’ (gud’di st) khtftcb’na v t. penalize by ex-
tirpating the tongue zuban’ kt chat -

khare le’na V.I. smack the lips relish
enjoy J someone’s command of idiomatic language
Ciiban’ gkts’ja na v.i. (iron.) be fatigued
with speaking ft tUban' loT ho’na v.i. be

tongue tied Zibari larkbara’na v.i. falter;

speak in a faltering voice Cuban’ tmla’na
v.i. give rejoinder Cuban’ muth met

rakk'n a v.i. be able to speak V%£-lfl£yljzubari
mthkak’u par'tia v.i. be very thirsty (of
tongue) be furred Cltfyfauban' nika/'na v.t & i
pull out (someone’s) tongue be impudent
I’jlf jp cljv Z&ban ni'kol par'n a v.i. be very thirsty
tActi'&ton har'na v.i. promise give one’s
word of honour lUf^tJcuban' hila'na v.i say

at least a few words speak open one *
mouth K ha {hi

par charks’'t, Caban hi sir. kita 'e prov thr

tongue talks at the cost of the head < one s
speech determines one’s weed
shi’rifi mu/’k-gi’ri prov. soft words have victor's
rewaid J^^j^ubafioh (or zobci ruih) N.M. tongue*
of flame gsjlj cuban na- e sham’’ N.M. flame of
candle ‘^tjcuba'ni (or cabani) adj. verbal ;
oral traditional adv by word of mouth ;
verbally cuba'm untehan' n.m. oral

examination ; "oral test ‘viva vocc'g.j’jf jt;

Cuban i jam” khar'ch n.m ; mere words ; all talk
and no substance t^L^j^Jzuba'ni hi sab' n.m.
mental arithmetic [P]

. cub'dah n.m. cream : butter cream
(of) ; best (of) {J^i^Jcub'dat-ul-hukama’
n.m. choicest practitioner of indigenous medi-
cal system this as a diploma [A]

• za'bar n.m. the vowel point ‘zabar’
point pref. hjgh top victoriou>
CS } /j za'bar -das' t adj. strong powerful .
v igorous oppressive; tyrannical n.m. superior
strong man tyrant^u'^f f IPlir''jj(jca'bar-das'l
ka thiii'ga sir' par prov. everyone feels the strong
man’s i\wxmhdJ.s^j) t £dk&s')/j7A'bar-das't ma re
out rone na dc prov. the tyrant won’t even let
you cry ca bar-das’ ti n.f. tyranny ; op-

pression violence adv. forcefully ^^ijpea bar-
das’ ti se adv. . forcefully violently high-
handedly I'j'J^/Jza’ bar-das’ ti kar’na v.l. show
h>gh-handedness [A]

' * zabar’j ad n.m. topaz . jasper ; beryl

chrysolite ; olivine [A]

j .i zi-bas adv. (same as i/jl) (see under >1
PREF. ■*) [P]

, • caboor’ n.f (pt.^jcu’bur) Psalms of
David ; Psalms [A]'

• caboon adj. weak
ou evil disgraced
fyjjj zaboo’hi n.f. weakness
evil disgrace ; bad condition
b. zatal’ n.f

nonsense

helpless bar!
bad (condition)
helplessness
ruin |P]
quibDle adj

L « 4«tui i>.» iiuiwviiffv tfutwuiv. m/j

J * nonsense . silly jljrj’catal’-bac adj. (one)
.ho talks nonsense q uibbler f LPfl j bUjC’-idfal ’

.^r’ns Zap b rt7i\ t tnllr tlnnCrntiF*

mar na (or kahk’na) v.t. talk nonsense
quibble (fj cauil'li n.m. & ad|. (otic) who tells
false and idle stones ; idle talkei

Z*jaj’ n.m. glass glass splinter
glassware (Aj

<? " cajjaj «,«. manufacturer of or dealer ir

it glassware (A - prec.)

glass flask

356

&

d>jJ

/)

zaj r N r scolding reproof
zaj'r-n taubikh' n.m scolding re-

proof (A)

* Z>d adj: (at chess) mate driven 10

the straits , driven to the wall l'jQ,jzid
kar'ns v.t. (at chess) mate harass drive

to the straits I’/j&jzid' ho’its v.t. (at che,ss)
be mated he harassed be vexed

■ • zad'dah h.f. woman with a recent de-
livery; lying-in woman ^ fej zad'da-kha’-
nah n.m. maternity home ; maternity centre

zad'dagi h.f. maternity %'j zach'cha-o bad'-
dab n.m. pl. mother and baby (Jitf&zad'da-
gi'rijHM n.f. songs sung before lying-in wo-
man (PJ

*.zthsf n.m. (pl £>b\rJzthafst') metrical
‘“'^variation [A]

zo’bal n.m. Saturn [A]

** 'fcZ-aN mat (or zaih'-) n.f.

ccnvenience hardship l’&l£*?jzah‘mat

trouble ; in-

•a?

uths’ns v.t. take the trouble (of) undergo
hardship tyctfjzalf'mat he' ns v.i. be put to
inconvenience have to undergo hardship [A]

.* • za khkh sr ' adj. (of sea) raging ; tumul-

tous overflowing full to the
brim [A]

zakh'm n.m. wound^. gash ; sore
\ * loss harm ; .damage zakh'm s' ns v.t.
be wounded bj/r/ffj zakh'm bhar'.js'ns v.t. (of
wound) heal up /- l<j/A)fjzskh'm (or

zakh’mqti ) par na'mak dhi'rakns v.t. touch (some-
one) on a sore place zakh'm pak'na v.t.
suppurate zakh'm dr' ns v.t. injure

cause grievous loss (fjtffjzakh'm-e ksn,r%\fjoka'$
Zakh'm n.m. mortal wound fatal blow Vjfj
zakh'm kar'ns v.t. injure ; wound l* l f^jzakh'm
kks'ns v.t. sustain an injury : be wounded
zakh'm ha’rs ho’ ns ,v.i. (of wound,
memory of lou) recrudesce (fjzakh'mi n m.
wounded person casualty adj. injured
wounded hurt. VjffJzakh'rr& kar'ns v.t. in-

jure : wound Vj[(f2zakh'm i ho' ns v.i. be wound-

|F]

• . zafch'mab n m. plectrum JjJ’jzakh'ma-var
n.m. musician [P)

* zad n.f. range target attack
blow ; hit : stroke loss effect suff.
beating tyj^jigaa par ho' ns v.i. be within range
(of) fy/jzad' par'na v.i. suffer a loss be
adversely affected (by) J^fjjk I zad' me* adv.

work

cade

within range of *ff)t'jza d-o-kob' N.f. beating
thrashing manhandling l za d-o-kob'
kar’ns v.t. manhandle adj. wornout weak
wretched [P -^rjbeat]

• zar n.m gold money wealth; riches
J* pollen ifijJza r-e as' l, jjtfas'l zar n.m.
principal ; basic amount on which interest is
leviable J&jjza'r-afshsh' (j&j zar' -ft shat adj.
golden polliniferous Csi[i'jza'r-t sms' not n.m.
deposit money VjJzar-bsf n m. (coi.tibffjjga'ri
haf) gold-lace worker tissue-weaver j
Zar-bs'fi n.f. {co\.’i}iJjjza'rl-bs‘fi gold-lace
_l t, tissue-weaving C^jjzar-baf't n.m. bro-
l)jfj>(J'jjzar' bal na zar' bal ph. neither pelf
nor power ,iU<Jc<j'r-e bai s'nah n.m earnest money
(f~£jJZa'r-t pesh'gt (ped. -pe'sha-) n.m. advance
money>^>v zar’-khartd' adj. self-purchased^./*
zar-kfuz’ adj. fertile (gjpjzar-khe'zi n.f. fertility
j Ijjj zar'-dsr' adj. rich ; wealthy ; opulent^b/
zar-ds'rl n.f. opulence jjs jj zar-doz’ n.m. gold
embroiderer (fJjjjj zar-do'zi n.f. gold embroidery
l ajjza 'r-e za trim, zar' -t zams'nat n.f.

surety money zar'-kash adj. excessively fond
of money-making n.m. brocade (f^jjzar’ ka'shi
n.f. excessive fondness for money making n.m.
brocade- work j C/jJ zar-kansr' adj. gilt-edged*^.*
zar-kob' n.m. gold hesier^/jjzar-ko'bi n.f. gold-
beating Jjj zar' -gar n.f. 'goldsmith (fj/izar'-gari
n.f. goldsmith’s trade $jiza'r-t gal n.m. pollen
(j\&jjza'r-e lagan' n.m. land revenue MfjsZfi’r-t
mubs'dalah n.m. exchange discount ^Uo^jza’r-r
mils' labah n.m. claims dues debts
demands J > jU'/jza' r-e mo's'vazah n.m. compensa-
tion ; indemnity Q^fJza’r-e mans' Ja' n.m. profits;,
net income jil/jza'r-t naq'd n.m. cash ; ready
money j &/j zar-nigsr’ adj. gilt ; guilded
zar-nigs'rt n.f. gilding; gold plating (f/jza'n n.f.

gold lace tissue; brocade (fkJJza'r-e jsf'tarii

n.f. outstanding amounts (s) gfj} zar 'rib adj. gold;
golden j/'tSm'U&'i zar tth, t/U^zar’rUt margh
adj. (fig”) suDf&Jjgfyjzar'rlk mau'qt' (or uml
but wrongly • mau’qa ) n.m. golden opportunity
zari'nah (wrong col. F. of tJjj) adj. golden [P]
^4, • zirs’at n.m. agricultural tillage
cultivation J-£gjj)Jzirs"at-pe'shah n.m.
agricultunst cultivator ; peasant
ifjj zar 'i agricultural [A]

£ljJ N ' M * gira ^ f W

^ Zarrs'qi N. r hypocrisy {A -J/J J

ait.

\ tar tush' t (or zara~) N.M.

2oro&sltrJ~*siwrlUrti’n tf~fjjzar-ditfi' ti
n.h. & Zoroastrian [P]

• zar’d adj. ye How pale : wan doll

discoloured j/b/jJtar’d-a'loo n.m. apricot
(tyjT&Vfajjzat'd par'nz (or ho ja'tia) V.I. be
discoloured be enfeebled ; become weak
turn pale: grow ^pallid <~'g)jjzat'dtbob n.f.
(arch.) turmeric zar'd xahg’ n.m. yellow
colour adj. pale ; wan weak terror-
stricken jjjjjzar'd-roo' adj. pale ; wan
weak terror-tricken jfcjjzar'dak n.f. (lit.)

camjt ejjJZar'dah n.m. yellow dish of sweet
rice chewing tobacco tffjj zar dl n.m.
yellowness paleness yolk pollen

lar'dl cfihana v.i. look pale [PI
,, • zar'* n.m. (rare) agricultural tilling

sowing J"jJzar' l i n.m. agricultural :
agrarian^/^vVar"! <j7af' N.m. Pt. agricultural
-implements 'f&bfjjjzar' ’f islahdt' n.m. pl. aparian
reformst-'JpJ^&J^r'*! inqilab’ n.m. agricultural
revolut ion £&ffijjzar ,r \ na'l'shtil n.f. agricul-
tural economy agronomy {A)
fa zaf’ghal adj. worthless.

•• «• • iar’qbar'q adj. splendid glitter-

ed 0" ing gaudy tawdry [A j
W; » Zarrnkh' n.f. arsenic sulphurate ; a poiso-
nous drug (A ~ P]

a jtf'rth (col. zi'rah) h.f. chain armou irJZftJj
9JJ (i'reh-bak'iar n.m. armou rj%fejJzi'reh-po.d$
m m. & adj. (one) clad in armour [P]

Zir n.f. persistent repetition obsession
(tyijWJzir' lag'na (or ho’na) v.i. insist
repeat persistently have an obsession
SyVth't adj. ^ ugly hideous repulsive;
revolting jhs^’zish' t-khoo adj. of re-
pulsive ill-disposed harsh malicious
lifiZ+'hiish' t-khoQ ‘ ’I n.f. ' repulsive habits
harshneu malicei*s^isV/-r 0 o' adj. ugly;
ungainly repulsive to sight ; hideous^^’
Osh'broo'' I N.F. Ugliness hideousness ‘if'J
vsh’it suv— ugliness repulyveness evil
malice [P]

*< i^zd’/aran' N.F. saffron j l j (! )&jza‘'fa, aiKar'
iJ^»K^iy’JZa'faran’ ka khtf n.m. saffron
field ^ (fig.) place where one instinctively laughs
ara'tA adj, saffron-coloured yellow
n.m. yellow colour [A)

P, zo l 'm (or Zo‘‘m) n.m. over-weening pride;
f J vanity ; conceit over confidence pre-
sumption conjecture [A)

&»za‘lm’ n.m. prominent personality
/% J leader chief t t’Jzo'ama' n.m. pl.

prominent personalities leaders chief (A)

Jlfj COa * ^

£ za'ghan n.f, (lit.) kite (the’biid) |P)

zaqahd' n.f. leap : bound ijfJ>jzaqa*d'
^ J bhar'na v.i. leap; bound S/'/i zaqetd’
n.f. a leap-back wards retrogression (PJ

, . • zifaj' n.m. bride’s personal presenta-
LfvJ tion of'hcrself-to groom consummation
of marriage MZgSdm'b-t Zijaf n.f. night of the
consummation of marriage [A]

zafir' n.f. warning signal |A|

L). zafil' n.f. whistle agnal for pigeons, (given
by with fingers in mouth)(lvHjU^Kie«/il/'
boja'na (or de'na) v.i. signal thus [ - A Face.
CORN.]

zaqqoom' n.m. cactus (A]

/ zak n.f. discomfiture reverse U * -fJj
zak’ ufka’na v.i, suffer a reverse be
discomfited (IL&b&i/j zak' dt’na (or pohBt&a'mi
v.t.. discomfit defeat ; put to rout up-
set the applecart lof) disgrace

taka' N.f. 'picxy&jtfizaka'vat N.F. pro-
v J~ bity piety [A)
fa; Zikam' n.m. cold ; catarrh [A]

-#Yj(orw|6) zflkat’ n.f. religious (ax as a
** " J basic imfunction of Islam [A ~ K/J
l. za'ki n.m. (pl. *Jfj\ azkiya') pu>us person
OJ adj. pure ; pious' ; virtuous jfj iak\j'-jak
n.f. pious woman adj. pious [A ~ J£]
i .1 ♦ zalal' adj. (of water) dear and sweet ,
(JvJ wholesome ; limped n.m. (aboj4s«-'Ja'*-r
zulal') clear and sweet water [A]

/ / • zal'zdah n.m. (vL.fJjtlJzala'zif) earth
/Jj'J quake; earth tremor; quake U~J'Mz*rzai*~
pdtha' n.m. seismometer seismograph
seismoscope [A) , ..

* <• zSt'f n.f. (fl. iJJjzqrf-ha) lock ; tress
1-^rJ curl ; ringlet Pirt’Aa*

n.f. dishevelled locks ; flowing hair^ fattlzATJ-*
lah-dar ’ n.f. ringlets j curls ; glossy locks^njsb*
zul'f-e daraz' n.f. long locks rjrfxfluA'zUi’f-t
'am' barik- (or mo 1 am' bar) n.f. perfumed locks ,
tresses scented with ambergris [PJ
ai • zul’fi n.m. (arch.) door-fastening chain,
O ^ sword knot [ - P prec]

358

Jj

I'J

Jj lal'lah n.m. leavings of food crumbs
(jl’/ltj Vfjjzal' la-riba (or -bar-dar') n.m. & adj.
(one) who rats crumbs from (someone’s) table
plagiarist stooge (of) one indebted (to)
fyjJjzal'la-rUba n l n.f. eating crumbs from
the table (of) being indebted (to) [A]

• Zfimam' n.f. (pi yj\azim'mah) rein

[ bridle jZPSiJzama'm-e iqlidar' n.f. reins of
power [A]

, zamnri n.m, (p V. I az’minah) timefcllrfc' J
CJ»J zama' n-o-makari (or -makat') n.m. time and
space (A]

, i • zama'nah n.m. (pl. az'minah) age; period;
tfmJ epoch ; era time; times world
zama'nah dekk’na v.i. have experience see
the way of the world lj$UPjkljzama’nah de'kka
hi' ‘a' adj. very experienced (person) vete-

ran jlskljzama'na-saz adj. & n.m. time server
turn-coat unprincipled ( person) (jj <y‘
zama’na-sa'z} n.f. turning with the tide ; trim-
ming one’s sails according to. the prevailing
trind . trimming ty(jtfjM$t/klj&i)bhala't-e
tarns' nah mo'a'Jiq (or sot gar’) ho'na v.i. have
favourable circumstances

• tamir’rad (rare, tamUr'md) n.m. emerald
$r* rj>/j tamBr’ra^it adj. emerald ; of
emerald colour studded with emeralds [P j

• zMm'rah N.M. (n.y*J zB ’mar) group

y* class ; category concourse' [A] . . v

jf ’zam'tom n.m. sacred well in Mecca

a’b-e zm'tflm n.m. zamzam water tfyj
zom'zpnA n.f. small sealed container for zamzam
vater [A]

• zam’zmoh n.m. singing chanting
^yj song chant jb^y/jtflm’ zama-pardaz'n.H.

singer ; songster ; songstress chanter adj.
& adv. singing chanting ’Cy}jb£y/jzam'-

zama-pataz' ho'na v.i. sing chant [A]

»»**>• Zauris’ tan n.m. winter [P]

* • zd man n.m. (pl. JtJl az'minah) time
C/ ' age [A]

. zamharir' n.m. intense cold (also
^/tJ ku'ra-t zamharir') atmospheric region ;
intense cold [A]

earnin' n.f. earth land ground,
soil floor ; a region ; country
cornin' asman’ ka far'q ph. work) of difference ;
radicals difference tyjL-ii£($W(£Jzannri asman'
kt qullabe mila'n a v.i. 'highly exaggerate
zumb'-fos' ho'na v.i. kiss’ the ground; make a
profound bow; (of building collapse wr(£/ Zar^. ;n

baitk'na v.i. (of ground) have * fault sag

pa" oh (or pai rot)
la'lt se ni'kal ja’na V.i. jitter; feel jittery, be
in a blue funk tamin' par
pa 'oh na rakk’na (or na tik'na) v.i. be greatly
elated strut about proudly or joyfully
zamin pa'karna v.i. not to get up after fall
j)lf V j>)i£tfjzamin.' pha'U aur sama' ja' l oot PH. I.
am (or was) feeling much humiliated
Zanut! pama"i n.f. land survey
(par) na v.i. (of horse, etc.) 'increasingly
gain skilly lecfj'zamt n-t kha'lisah n.m. Crown
land jiCMjzamit'-dar n.m. landlord ; owner of
large tracts of agrarian property yjjjpjzamik'-
dar'ni n.f. landlord’s wife (£Jju£j zamih'-da'ri n.f
estate being a landlord jjjfjrj’Jzanat'-doz!
n.f. underground subterranean<i/>J;Jli£ t }£,’
zamin' dikk'na (or dikh.la'na ) v.T. humiliate
throw (adversary) down zonin' dekk'na

v.i. eat the humble pie
zamin' sakh't hai asman'' door int. alas, I find my-
self helpless jjj%fe£Jzami‘n-e $bair-mazroo'‘ah n.f
uncommandcd f land fyfcfjzamin' ka gaz n.m.
traveller kha ga"i ya asman’

int. it is strange how it has' disappeared , where
gone zamin' k I poo^k'na asman' ki

kaih'navj. "talk irrelevantly dodge or fail
to understand the question^yj^/' zarm'n-e
marhoo'nah n.f mortgaged landyjjflgjzflnA' n*
mazroo'‘ah n.f. cultivated land ; land under the

ploughCl^cC^^i^-- ar m st zanan ' mefl

jana ^.Msilrna're shar'm ke zamin' met

gar' ja'na v.i. feerashamed ; be greatly humiljat-
ed tbjftfjjojfcpaivati d-e zamit' ho' ja'na v.i.
die * come” to dust be buried (of building;

lie in ruins < fZjzaml'm adj. earthly; terrestrial
ground [P]

. » zan n.f. (pl. (jl'jza'nat) woman wife

is * suf. beater striker doer player

J z<m-e madkhoo'lah n.f. concubine>/^
zan-mtrid' n.m. & adj hen-pecked (husband)
>5 rfc)jzfl'n-e monkoo'hah N.F. lawful wife^fjgan
bach'ejiah^jjjza'n-o-farzatd' n.m. /one’s)
family the entire family^J^ \,’jzana'-dio"i n.f
marital relations adj. marital [P]

zina’ n.m. adultery fornication
v J extra-marital sexual relation*
bil-jabr' n.m. rape ; ravishment ; violation
zma'-kar' n.m. adulterer fornicator
adultress fomicatres (fjtfi’jzina'-ka'ri n.f.
adultery fornication illicit intercourse ,
1 extra-marital relations [A)

340

rCi

• loot n.m. falsehood ; untruth dis-
* * * simulation hypocrisy [A]

* iot n.m. vigour power strength

force
influence

violence coercion stress
authority adj, (arch.) strange ;

wondrous^y^»>' r 'a&ia'na v.t. try ^om’s
strength ; hive a trial of strength (withM VU/j
lo’r-azma”i n.f. trial of strength I'ffcjfjjjio'r-
aima”l kar'n a v.t. have a trial of strength (with)
jyjjjio'r-a'var adj. strong ; powerful vigorous
(SjiXtj&'r-tMrl (or -s-) n.f. power ; force
to’r-e be! zoo n.m. power ^ij>j/j(^)(ap'ne) lo'r-t
ba'loo se adv. by the (one) strength of arms
by dint of hard work iitjjjzo'r pa'karna v.i.
grow powerful CjfjjJio'r e^al'tis v.t. have in-
fluence over jijjtjior-dar' adj. strong ; powerful;
v igorous I ^tjijzflt' de'na v.t. stress press
C^j/jjzordal'na v.t. force; bring pressure to
bear (upon) se adv. loudly force-

fully with force jyjjjzor' shot n.f. force i$jjj
iot' laga'na v.i. to do one’s best to use

influence l‘jl jjj iot' mat'nu v.i. endeavour ;
try hard to strive; to toil foi/jAjba'ra lor' mar'na
v.i. try one’s level bcstl/p/OMi* 0 ' rofi par ho'na
v.i. be in full force (of river) be in spatc[ FJ
!m * zau'raq n.m. small boat [A]

. * ioof int. fi ej&fojjzoof' laf kar’na v.t,

chastise

* * loofah n.m. hyssop [P]

/9s J

• Ith N.F. bow-string navel ojx udar'd-t

"9 zch' n.m. pangs of birth
I • ithar' n.m. private parts j)j£/moo'-e lehnr'
n.m. pl. pubic hair

i • zohhad' n.m. pi.u. pious persons
'v* ascetics mystics [A~ siNg Jf!j\

• zoh’d n.m. asceticism abstinence ;

continence mysticism [A]
laih'r n.m. poison, venom baneful
s[j thingjor influence >~'l/fjzaihr-ab' n.m. dilute
poison ejjhpzaihr-aloo'd(ah) adj. poisoned
baneful bJfjy/Jzaih'r u'galna v.i. spit venom
taih'r-bad' n.m. quinsy j&fij zaih'rkhohd n.m.
sardonic laughter forced laugh fypjiaih'r-dar

adj. .poisonous venomous baneful
taih'r-t qa'til, $i)tyZoih'r-e halahil n.m. deadly
poison « 6 * zaih'r kki'na V.i. take poison
commit or attempt sound tV
laih'r ke (se) gkocobj" pi' no (or pi’ bar railt ja'na)
v.i. have to put up with have to bear patiently

zaih'r log na v.i. be hateful to Vj/^Jzmh'r
mar' kat'na v.i. swallow reluctantly •yf/pjtmk'r-
nwh'rahjn.u. bezoar (used as antidote to venom)
l nirt bi'jha hi” a tlr’ n.m. poiso-
nous arrow j^Jidhri' la adj. (f. loikfi'h)
poisonous f venomous baneful spiteful
malicious (P]

• lahra adj. bright ; luminous .white
blonde n.f. appellation of Hazrat

Fatimah [A ~ n.yp'j ~

• zoh'rah hm. gall-bladder courage ;
pXuzkFfeJto/pjzohirah ab ho'na v.i. feel jit-
tery ; be terrified j IjSjfJioh'ra-gudai! adj. terrify-
ing t/fj zoh’rah n f. Venus Aphrodite

zoh ' ra-jathk' , dZtffJ zoh'ra-vash adj. exquisitely
beautiful ; handsome (A]

• zoh'rah n.m. freshness beauty sweet-
Z/J * ness of voice ; melodiousness

zaihri'la adj. (f» ijfrfj laihri'ti) (see under
'('/fjnM.it)

« ze’ht int. excellent ; wonderful C^Sjsit'h*
qis’mat, i^sfif-Jzeh'e nasib' int. lucky
N - M - ( rare ) social status A]

~ , zija’dali (col. -y ad'll) n.f. increase

excess high-handedness trans-
gression of limits I’Jjjjfziya'dati kar'na v.i.
show high-handedness exceed limits A
foll.]

i • liya'dah adj. more much excesuve
additional adv. more much

excessively in addition A t>J.&ADV.(lit,
(same as ojI/ms], it Ojtj) nya'dal n.f. addition
— .ziya'rat n.f. pilgrimage visit (to
^Sjlj superior, etc.) privilege of seeing

(someone) shi’ite shrine visit to it Vj&jlj

ziya'rat kar'na v.i. perform aqjilgrimage
visit (a superior, etc •flt'Crjljziya 'ral-gah n.m.
pilgrim centre shrine tytZ'AJzija rat ho'na v.i.
have the privilege of seeing someone [A]

. • ziyafi' N M. loss detriment jVJbj
lijaii'-kar' n.m. one incurring a loss loss-
sustainer ; adj. loss-sustaining (fjVjjpzijnfi'-kd'rl
n.f. sustaining a loss damaging tradesfPj]

* zeb n.f. elegance ^adornment svf
adorning looking Ian' kar'na

v.t. wear ; put on, downCyw^jcei' de'na v.t.
suit adorn* set off behave become
be proper ej!lJ\ebi ti'dah -adj. becoming

lovely bea.uUtu\ J/S-j if bih' dagi n.F.^ ^ ^love-

liness : beauty grase propriety C/Khiyitb*
H'nat n.f. adornment elegance j/Jze'ba

361

PQj, graceful pretty , lovely : beautiful
proper bc€oming(p-V/£«ia.'*isf! u.F. eleganee
beauty adornment decoration JfUJ
Ztba'im adj. daeorative ornament JU/
erba''% h.f. elegance beauty adornment

[P~c!^i]

\y*~j triV** n.m. zebra [E]

&J** N.M. mercury [A]

«a«Uwt' m.m. olive [A].

N.F. nonsense baseless storylOIJjCt
efj' Bra'na v.l. talk nonsense

• zaid km. common Arabic name used as
a fictitious name jfj^jJzaid’ ‘am'r bak’r
m.m. Tom, Dick and Harry {A]

. • ztr m.m. vowel point ( ") transliterated as
i adv. below pref. under Vjjljjze'r-c bar'
kar'na v.T. put (someone) under obligation
make (some-one) loot the bill over burden
put (someone) in financial difficult) Ljfjl to
lt'r-t bur' ho' hi v,i. be overburdened be in

debt come under obligation^ \s\i\j} \t r-t ba'r-e
thsan' ho’na n.f. come under obligation
Zfr-ba'ii n.f. overburdening expenses
indebtedness obligation j^/jzer'-bohd n.m.
martingale fth^Szer'-pa'i M.F. (arch.) slippers
j/jjzt'i-t tajdlt adj. under consideration*^
Ze’r-e lahqiqat' adj. under enquiry ijt^Jzt'r-f
la/tuh' aDJ. under investigation sif/jztr-j&’mah
N.M. drawers ; underwear^JVj zt'r-t him' sat
adj. under custody * n.m. & adj.
subordinate week or powerless (person)

Ztr' kar'na V.T, overpower subdue defeat
vanquishw^/*Vr-r lab ad\. numbling
in undertones furtively CfL*tyzt'r-t lab kaih'na
v.l. mumble mutter talk in undertones
Wjts+JjjZt'r.1 lab mltikira'na v.i. smile furtively
(jtyj Zt'r-rmash'q n.m. pad < to support paper iu
writing adj.. understudy na'zar adj.
adv. under reference under survenilanec
under observation t/r/Jee’r-s nagih adj. &.
aov. subjugated under control under
the influence /of) jjjjjzt'r-a-za'bar adj. topsy-
•ujvy # upside down disintegrated ruined
’* ‘ ' '*zt'r-o-Zti’ bur kar'm v.T.

turn topsy-
turvy overturn disintegrate ruintj %sj»A
Zi'r-o-za'bar ho'na v.i, be upset topsy-turvv
t* ruined [P]

yTOr M.p, treble ; sharpest note of a musical
instrument lowest note ((jJJzi'r-o turn m.m.

treble and bass low and high notes ups
and down (of) [P]

n'rak adj. wise, intelligent Shrewd
perspicacious tfsj&'raki n.f. wisdom
intelligence shrewdness perspicacity [P]
.• zi rah n.m. cuminseed carrawav seed
pollen ilstjj&rah sijah n.m. carraway
xe&j&'tjj&rah si/ed' n.m. cuminseed 11]

Jjj te'rth ADJ. (sec under Jjzf* adv. it)

•#*

n.m. life existence dgibtfrzjlt’i

Apv. the whole life ever ; alwa/t
[P-O^l A .

j*&n n.f. saddle t/^c fjzln ‘po£

Cv; n.m. saddlecloth housing
jlsQjfj &n-saz n.m. saddler IP]

,’zain n.m. grace elegance^

G/g beauty adornment
zaia' khati n.m. name of a bogey [A]
v^fli'nat n.f. grace elegance beauty
adornment i^C^izi'nat pa'na v.i, be
adorned be graced by! CvC^JJdTnat dt'na v.t.

adorn grace [A«-prec.)

• ’zi'/iuA n.m. staircase ; stair* ladder
'll* step of ladder, etc. [PJ
j^Jzin'bar adv. ('same asjl</Anv if)

J • u'uur n.m. ornament dccoration^yjjl^

JSJjara’oo zt'oar n.m. gold (or silver) ornaments
studded with jewels nm jj u t

ungram ) pj,. jewellery • ornaments {PJ

upaas ftoaos

- g

g A §

» t rj

J

j*

apaasoaS

seventeenth letter of Urdu alphabet (also
called za-efti'risi of «'-» 'a'jtutd ) ; (equivalent
to English zh) used basically in words of Persian
extraction (in jummal reckoning held equiva-
lent to j ) 7

Z Azhozh’ n.m. nonsense obscenity
(rare) Vjlfthazh'-kha adj, & n.m. (one)
talking nonsense (one) talking obscenity
idle-talken %tjl7ihazh-kh&"l n.f. idle talk

obscene talk (PJ •

| ll'’{ba'lah n.m. haiUCibJIjfha'Iarba'ri ,

* n.f. hailstorm l’jf(fjlJljzh*'M*'rl
ho'na v.i. hail [P] j fa ffjapBb:

• V .jXharf At)), deep penetrate wit

ingt&GMZh«r‘f.nigsh' adj. A

362

n.m. perspicacious if^'ifjJzhar'J'Mga'b n.f.
denth of vision penetrating perspicacity fP]
,^zhatd,jjtatd n.f. Old Persian (also
(C'tljjzhato' d-avis'ta) Zoroastrian scriptures
with their official exegesis sXiZhatiah, jt/zharui
n.m. rags adj. old; wornout mumoth :
hug tOjtjCjzhaA'da-pH' n.m. huge elephant

appellation of a mystic Jxfzhat'dags n.f. old-
ness ; being worn out [PJ / 4

N.M. (same if)

t»zholi'dah (or zhoo '-) adj. dishevelled
unkempt mathed entangled con-
fused miserable tfbtjJjJzholi'da-bayan' n.m. &
adj. confused (speaker)^ UidjSzAoli'da-buj’ani
n.f. confused talkJbSJjfzholi' da-hal adj. wretch-
ed ; miserable in a bad way f uJjJzholida-moo
adj. & n.m. with dishevelled unkempt or matted
ha ir JjJjXzhol i'dagi n.f distress ; perplexity ;
entanglement [P] . .

adj. fierce ; ferocious ; truculenttlj^r''
** sjit'r-f zhiyaH' n.m. truculent tiger [PJ

S J/j,

jsin
U letti

letter of Urdu alphabet (equivalent to Eng-
lish s) also written as (/ (in jummal reckon-
ing) 60

4 Jo (pl &-st ; f. sing. & pl. si) adv.
somewhat a little suf. -ish ; somewhat
•ever ; any adj. (also ie/ka' so) like look-
ing like resembling n.m. (in musical scale)
first note of national gamut ; gamma

> 1 1 sabat' n.f. upper storey
* pavilion rare gallery connect-

V

■I*

m

Jtu
chamois

sng houses on opposite sides of I
street, eto. suspension gallery [A]

,i saber n.m. elk imitation

Jy leather

Mi* sa'biq adj. former prior foregoing;

preceding ^l^jUsabiq-iU-zik'r adj. above-
mentioned ; aforesaid (J~£flss&'biq mefi adv.
in the past previously heretofore lormer-

tyW'l'Si'liqan adv. easlier above
fc merly ; previously Hl^sa'biqah h.u. (pl. tyy
saoa'biq rare) contact dealing adj. past

previous transaction prefix .earlier : preced-
ingl’j'Zil/sa'biqah <par'n& v.i, come into con-

tact (with) > have to deal (with)' have deal-
ings (witfy&fiZH/sabiqafs d&l'u* v .t. (deprec.)
put in touch (yith)y* l Usabiqin' n.m. earlier
people ; earlier generations : people tin ages
gone by the pious those rewarded most b'
God[A~wSn ,

^j^sa'boo da'noh n.m. (same as if

sat' adj. scvcnC/sJlL'sa’ta roo'han n.m. grouj
Ld attack by wolves mischievous clique
against someone Z\ssat' r p&tich. N.F. Wrangle

fraud reluctance 'sat' pah# kar'no
v.t & i. wrangle y defraud hesitate /
patch najanna v.i. be straight
forward be simple

par' dot met chkupa' kar rakh'ns, v.t. *" keep with
good care keep closely guard G2$2\ss&l' push't
n.f. seven generations family with a long
tradition (of evil, etc .y^tZ^CUsat' pash l' se >^dv
for ages l sat’ dhar ho kar ni'katna
v.t. (of food) pass through stools without being
fully digested/l^tXS'Ura/' samut'dar par' adv.
overseas abroad ilP&L'sal' singar' n.m. pl.

make-up (old use) full make-up of Muslim
ladies (comprising henna, wellj^^ffjj^Wi^U'
sal' sohe’Uyot ka jhum'ka n.m. Pleiades Oj/k>Zt\s
tfUftfsat' ma’ma'oh ka bbat'ja n.m. darling of the
whole famil yUjd^sat'oat adj. seventh
^sat'git n.m. wine cup : goblet [P]

f a

(colloquially called chho'te sin) eighteenth S/ a * a, ° n * (wh , h) l °:

■ofUrd,, a lnh a >v.t I^t .1 P ^Uget her >^*e iaii ADV with ; along with

jj(iL\lek' saih' adv. together* chhooi'oa
v.t. be separated (from)l^jd^L>sath. / (hkor'na v.t.
desert£>i?L<'.ra& de'na v.t. ’ co-operate (with)
side (with) stand by the side of p^L/jath' raih’na

v.i. live togethertja? Uifb'ja/i.' xaA v.t.

walk side by side' walk beside follow lose
at heels IMjklssatb ka kkt’ta n.m. childhood’s
playmate V / ^ g £^l>sath' la’gt pbJr'na v.,.
follow (someone) about. walk afongJkSSt-'
sath' va'ta n.m. companion ; comrade-
partner neighbour adj. adjoining ; adja-
cent ; neighbouring next door fjL>satk*
ho U'na v.i. join join the company (of)
(f t jd U sath' hi conj. along with it ; together with
it adv. close by simultaneously ; at the
same time there and rher*y rf L<ra'/kfl» n.f.
(usu. lady’s) female companion^Usa'Al n.m.
supporter ally comrade ; companion
I fnjljzit'dagu ka sa'tki (<&ia\$\*&/£ji'van
Sadi) n.m. spouse husband wife
(*jt.sa r fa n.m. transaction in bill of exchange
\y return two marital deals one-in exchange

863

JjU

for the other ; matrimonial barter tejcdd^lssa'ie
mil de'rM V.t. (agree to) marry a girls of one’s
family into a family whose girl has been married
into one’s family
^j^axan N.F. satin [E]

b , , , Satk *nj. & N.M. sixty iSrissa'.tka n.m. sex-
J» agenarian &t&Usa'tka pa'tka n.m, & adj.
stout sexagenarian’’tM^fl*'raji'i>aft adJ, sixtieth
[yt y «j N M - teak {A]

, sa'jid n.m. & adj. (PL.y^rt/rajtrfsB’, F.4f ^
sajtdah f. PL.tSj^l/sajidsi') prostrating in
prayer adorer ’prostrating in adoration

sS'jan n.m. (dial, ijf? sajan'va r. ^ saj'ni
'dial. 0? sajariya) beloved ; sweetheart
l sn 'i ks N - M - partnership association
** f Usz'jke ka kdm ^n.m. something
done in association (with) !✓

sa’jhjt ki fiahd'ya ft aura' Hi mefi pkoot'tl hai
prov. partnership always ends in fiasco
sajke melt adv. jointly in partnership
(with) in association (with)^fbr3'jft» N.M.
partner shareholder associate
sajil ban'na (or ho'tta) v.t become a partner \
enter into partnership (with) v

"'fTss'diaq n.f. (correctly but less usu for
H^n.f. *)

gj^ sa'hat n.m. expanse {A)

. sa'/tir n.m. (Pi. sa'harah) magician
''^'wizard sorcener charmer rpl'iakirah

n.f. enchantress exquisitely beautiful
woman ; cavishing beauty witch££/'L , ra'#r*
n.f. magic sorcery necromancy
enchantment [A~ seb!r\

Jpi st>'M n.m. {PL.^s'savn'/iil} sliorc ; sea-
*^shore ; coast sea-bdard beach (A]
i *‘j 9' sakh't n.f. structure manufacture
* +S make prep, [sskn'l-e) made miyOjzMs
sakh’t-e Pakistan pl. made in Pakistan
sakWtah adi. made- faked ; trumped up

Zrjt/Zrissakh’tah pardnkh’tah n.m. & adj.
trumped up ; faked ; made up patronized
(by) trig. be-takhUah adj. extempore ; im-
promptu unpremeditated adv. sponta-
neously extempore ; impromptu (P
^ **j i sadaf N.M. holy prophet’s descendents
through his daughter Hazrat Fatimah [A
“SING, — iStfls]

j . sh'dis adj.- sixth XejX/sa'disan adv. sixthly

U^lh]

I sa'dah adj. simple

cd artless blank

plain unadorn-
bcardless (face,
etc.) simpleminded l^psUs a' da-pan n,m. (same

as Jjl/N.F. i()

• sa'da-dil adj. artless . guileless
( ’JXp simple ; stupid^, ^sa'da-di'h n.f.
’artlessness simplemindedness^ifftjUsa' da-kzir'

n.m. goldsmith sUversmithj^>Uta'rf<i-teu/l'
ai>j. & n.m. simpleton jf J d)[/ td’ du-lauhi n.f.
simple-mindedness ; stupidity£i>Uf3''/i n.f. stupid
woman adj. uuadorned uncmbellished JjU

Sadagln.T. simplicity plainness artless-
ness simplemindedness stupidity childlike
behaviour rankness [P]

.jSadk'm v.t. hold (breath) regulate
exercise ; train ; practised bsadk N.M.
(dial.) ascetic simp kjfyls/a'dkoo n.m. Hindu
ascetic [S]

ad), (see undcrwb'AOj. «fc)

. sar suf. abounding in like having .,
^^suffering from head [PJ
*| ^sa'ra suf.. pure undefiled

r . Sara (PL.dt~Ura're F.tfjl'Sa'ri) adj. entue,
ijiS whole ; comp.ete adv. entirely m entirety r
com plrtely bslj^j (V^iiUsaVa dint

ja'la de'kkiye to a'dka dijiyf bail t' prov: better
lose half than lose all

t

.sar’ban n,m. camel-driver [PJ

sar’jant N.m. sergeant [E]

jU

j^i/‘

j. sa’ras n.m. crane ; a kind of heron
^ tfjfyS'S J'jl'sa'ras ki si ja'ri n>.-
(fig.) constant companions
Qj^sa'riq n.m. thief pilferer (A ~ JyS)

if. saraftg n.m. name of a musical mode
peacock its cry
6 | sarah'gt n.f. a kind of fiddle
Cf^or violin I&jI/ sarah’ giya n.m.
fiddler ; violinist preq.]
i/ . sa'ri adj. percolating
^'^penetrating pervading*

sa'ri ADJ.

penetrating flowing [A ~

^j^sa'ri nj. (same aatfjissa'rhi n.f. -#r'

365

Jts

Jstt

n.m. leap year (in solar calendar with an
extraday to February every fourth year)
(arch.) leap lunar year (with an extra month
every third year) fjfrus&i-gi'rak n.f. birthday ;
birth anniversary (col. -tah)(£lf(Jl/sa l-e mah&'-
jani n.m. (dial.) commercial year>*0 Isszl-n&'mah
n.m. annual issue (of periodical) yearbook
almanac jflfUsal’^var adj. yearly ; annual
adv. yearly ; aruiually^l^'l/U'rar-Aa-.ia/ N.M.
adv. a long time years on end several
years ^r/H/Usa/'-Aa sal ie m. for many
year now for a long like ; since
tadn’si (or ta'ti’nH) sal n.m. academic yearjt^jfl
taqm'nA sal n.m. calendar year JUJlma’/i sal
n.m. financial year [P]

^ sal n.f. a kind of timber

sal n.f. (see under UW.t. <Aj

.1 sa'la n.m. wife’s brother; brother-in-law
(as mild swear-word) mean fellow Ai>j.
(f. J Lira'll vul.) mean >g*od-for-nothing
... salat' n.m. commander chief
leader spills sala'r-t jahg' (col. salat'

jahg') n.m. Field-Marshal this as honorofic
title (joc.) wife’s brothcrjil?jffl/sala'r~e qa'filok,
J&lsjfb* fa 'fila-safar' n.m. caravan leader fjjiHs
sala'r-t qastm' n.m. national leader [PJ
yjfb sa ^ a naf> AD J- ^ see wnder JUn.u. if)

/. sa'lik n.m. (n.^tflssalikan') . mystic
initiate devotee' traveller &uG\s
sa'lik-t rah' n.m. mystic initia'te {A- fjj*]

i t. salim adj. whole complete perfect

I gfsain’h-o-sa'lim adj. safe and

sound Jlssa'limpk n.m. atom molecule
^Ul^sa/nna'A adj. atomic JUUsalima'fl bam
n.m. atom bomb^^fd^sa/iiRa'tl tUvana"i n.f.
atomic energy [A]

, ra'/M n.m. curry stew salt dish

. ra/'sa, tyjl'sal' dt’na, C^Wa/' 4al’n a
v.t. cut a mortise in sal n.f. mortice ;
mortise

taloos' N.F. hypocrisy fraud4/Wȣr
' khtr’qo-e salooi' n. cloak put to defraud
others ; subterfuge [P]

i Ja ^ N - p ' "rife’s sister ; sister-in-law
U ^ (as mild swear-word) mean women adj.
(vul.) mean good-for-nothing

sanan' n.m. necessaries good and

wares tools implements
arrangements : preparations custom
weajth equipment material provisions

a'khirai n.m. good deads ; pre-
parations for hereafter —tjyll/sama'ii-c jakg' n.m.
war material vS&U'iYj(ka) szman kar'na v.t.
arrange make preparation (for) Vjfjj&'tfika)
sama'n ho'na v.t. take place be arranged
tfllsj ^ysa'r-o soman' n.m. arrangements (for)

preparations (for) provisions (for)^tbo^iu
be'-sa'r-o saman' adj. unprovided helpless
(}Usj / *X.be'-sa'r-o sama «t n.f. helplessness [PJ
« i .I, sam’raj n.m. (dial.) imperialism^^
tSfy- sdmra jl adj. (dial) imperialist [8]

* \j sa’min n.m. Samaritan who made a
y/'* golden calf for worship by Israelites
magician [AJ

-ft ■ sa'm‘ n.m. (PL.&*Vsamt%n’) listener
prompter (in prayers).*^ raWoA'
n.m. audition ; hearing sense of hearing^ (/*«''(«'
sa'ms’a-nobaz' ad j. melodious (flt/^Usanu'd-

nrna'0 n.f. melodiousness
.* | sam’na n.f. front facade meeting
encounter confrontation ll/jyU
sam’na kar’na v.t. encounter confrontjfOb
sam’na ho’na v.i. come across meet stand
face to face (with) oZl/sam’nt adv. before

in front (of) in presence (of) oppositet^b
ssm’ne a’na v.t. face appear before
oppose challenge ijf4£l/sam'ru ho’na v.t.
lace stand face to face (with) appear before
oppose challenge

*a'<wi adj. cxsdted [A- jf J

* ,i son n.f. whetstone ; grindstone! <*£y Issan '
darha'na v.t. whet ; sharpen IZffcfUsan'
dark'na v.t. be whetted ; be sharpened V/id^
san' dhar'na v.T. whet ; sharpen ... .

i .. son n.m. (col. for only as)£fiifctl/ji»'
gman' n.m. trace rig* idea ;
expectation<yl£fc/U tas' *a gUman' ADV. un-
awares all of a sudden [~ A^fl?) *

satp' n.m. serpent ; tnakcClfjfog'i/satp'
J00 t,gk ja'na v.i. be struck dumb when it is
imperative to speak satp'

Ua nut' u /a'ffti Ml m toc'tt fh. achieve die object
without sustaining any I 0 SS 44 ZiSdJ^^%^ sa *P
ka *a'f a ras’sl se dar'ln, hen froy. a burnt child
dreads the fire Uj&£k*^‘L / sat‘p > ka ba&&ak
satpo'lipa frov. eiuflny’s progeny is no less

366

dangerous hai safip

ni'kal ab latir' pi'%akar pRbv. it is no use crying
over spilt milk (^L'sab'pan n.f. female snake
sapo’lijs, Uy^sabpo'lijra N.M. young snake
\yj*s ape'ra, l^g'sahpe'ra n.m. snake-charmer
pjij ssft t> ^C>sabfk m.f. union confederacy
sahfk laga' tailor mil alia) v.i
plot together ; conspire with l^'Le s afttk'na,l^iaf^
safrtk U'tta v.t, cause (someone) to agree with
one sabf (dial.&i£'U{s31ttb' gahth) n.f.
plot

N.M. lash sprig used as such

J'l. sa1 Jk n.f. dusk evening

sabjh.’ save’ re (or rare, saver') ad v. "night
and day ; all the time ; ever ; always #

£ /. sa»& n.f. (dial.) truth (only
& ^ sab gj' ko ah A' na'hun prov. truth ultimate-
ly prevails (doublet of g )

I s' i J 8 *'«ft 3 n.m. mould matrice (dial.)
*5j* ovary (dial.) truthful person) Obsf^fjyC'
sab' At men dhal'na v.t. mould 0*/(j*J~t / safi~che
nub dhal'na v.i. (fig.) (of human figure) ' be very-
lovely

**ir sak'A°9, (correctly but less usu. t£l» sa'-
n.p. dowry sent by husband'll parents
to bride’s house the day before marriage (~T]
}fisa'neJfah (n.&lfUssnefat') accidents

[A)

•i sah'dah n.m. leg-band (for cows, etc.)

h. I sZkd n.m. boll stallion s

^ ^ lewd youth ratid'

ka Jaiti n.m. lewd youth brought ff "

up as cherished orphan frjti'sabd'ni A
n.f. dromedary (/^pJU.raW'nf-
racar' n.m, camel-rider ifrlssah'dija
n.m. young-male camel lace- ni

making wheel \ ill

sab' da n.m. sand lizard , 4 J

^ ^ J-fk4i-5.'b'sa6'& *a /</ n.m.
sand-lizard fat (used as aphrodisiac, a ;||

j ra«r n.f. (dial, m.) breath Mk 1 1

(/*■*'' sigh Cj/ij’l/sabs u'kharna |
v.i. be out of breath pant for*

be on the last gasp (ft (Iambi) softs Aar’ na

v.i 'heave a (deep) sigh (&*%!; jOjrfy l* safts'
puol'n a (or &arh‘na) v.i. pant * be out of
breathiV^r'b'jafo' toot' ns v.i. be out of
breath brealh in unsuccessful bid to hold
breath 07^1/ sabs' rvk ! na v.i. be stifled; be

suffocated be.choktdC^jc/Usabs’ rok'na v.l hold
Oj.e s breath C^^Osahs' le'na v.l. breathe
inhale have a rest

J. safi'sa n.m. care; worry b’JzCH'sah'sa
IrlS charh'na v.t. have a worry
V sab’ si n.m. name of a nomadic people

v (declared criminal by the British) ;
Romany

J\y sahki n.f. (us. Pt.) fried macaroni

>.», , san’rta v.t. knead stain smear ,
^ soil

6V satf’ofa adj. alert

(i J ss * £) ^ 3 (dial- tjjlSsati’ora) adj. (f.

^ sabv'll dial. tfjJUsab ‘ori) sallow
nut-brown charming lovely; comely
saitv’la silo’ no adj. (f. jj~*tf)lssahv li silo'ni)
charming lovely ; comely
* * i sa'nl n.f, forage ; mixture of straw, grain
C? ^ and oil cake used as such
. » sa'van n.m. fifth mpnth of Hindu calendar
C'-' ^(corresponding to July) l*Jl sa' van
ka an’dka ADJ. one blinded with sdf-intenjst
Ojibfos^Ssavan bhn'don n.m. the two months
ol the rainy season a kind of fireworks
counterparts of a s’et ^^fj^l'sa'van ktjka'ri
n.f. incessant downpour (of the rainy season)
*rG?y(!/t)(fty;/£ji l £0jl'savan ke ab'dhe ko ha'ra
hi {ha'ra) soojhHa futi prov. to a jaundiced eye
everything is yellow dCs&jjlfs^/ysl/sa'van ha' re
na bha dob soo'kfu prov. always in the same
condition indifferent fal'sa'vatti n.f. autumn
harvest

I I sa'ha n.m. (dial.) opportune moment for
• ^ marriaigeiC&fljl£lL'sa'ha fha’makna (or
kkul'na) v.i. (dial.) (of wedding opportunity)

come

/ | sa'hookar n . m . money-lender Hindu
Jvjrft'' banker rich man ejVj'lssahooka’rah
n.m, money-lending money-market ifjtfjfis
sahooka'ri n.f. money-lending banking
business

l w i , sahool’, Ay/sa’hul n.f. plumb-line
(~Aj>tJ~Td/^CORR.l
SS N-F ‘ ^ same as

. ✓. sa’eban’ N.M. housetop shed (esp. one
^with roof of corrugated iron sheets)

canopy

s, sa"ir adj. moving wandering
* current prevelant contingoht whole

bix) ^

alF fa 'll khar’tb N M. contingent ex-
penses [A )

i’ , ji . ia 'in bord n m. signboard . sign [E]

• * sa"its n.f. sciencefa-li^'V.sa, titvfik adj.
scientific [E]

l< js"j n.f earnest money
ja' i suf. rubbing

.’J’ sa’is' n.m. horse-keeper; groom
CA* sadist n.f. stabje-keeping; groom's work
‘ il’m dary^'o hai prov each

knows the intricacies 01 his own trade each
one regards his own field as the best ( - At/^U

CORK.]
e

Jv

ia'il n.m. petitioner applicant
beggar (A ~ JlX]

n.m. mendicant beggar

^^(dial .) master (dial.) master
jAj jf. sa'et sa'eti n.f. rustle (of wind)
ONO.]

I | so yah n.m. shadow shade appari-
< 5 1 tion , spectre obsession • protection

influence V^glrsa'yah par'na v.i. be obses-
sed (by) came under (someone's) influence (of)
be under the shadow (of ) jtjsl*>sa'ya-dar adj.
shady Ulji^Usa'yah dal'na v.t. cast a shadow
(over) show favour (to) give protection (to)
0*feUsa'yah dJiat’na v.l. be dasky be the
aflernoo inCty;b)Vy’A'sa'yah ho'na (or ho ja'us)
v.i. be possessed ; be obsessed (by) [PJ
f ^ sa'yah n.m. dress ; woman's gown [Pop ]
#•

sab adj. ail whole entire total
every ek' hi

thai'li ke (hat’ ft baj'te haiti prov. they are chips
of the same block •—^'jf^i^ysab' se bka'li (hup'
prov. silence is geldt~*<#L*/sab' ka sab adv.
altogether the whole completely entirely
hyssop' (or sa'bhi) ka^h n.m. everything
adv. entire complete
|| sab n.f. ^.filthy language abuse ;

< swear-yvordpf»«_x'itf$'ft-» dtal’m n.f. (use
of) abusive language ; swearing [A]

. saba (ped. sa’ba) N.M. Sheba a part of

S. Arabia [A)

^ sabbvi’bah n. f . (ped .) forefinger [A]

*

f iak-sfispaik'tar n.m sub-inspector [E]

.sabab' n.m. (pi .. ^tsiishab') cause
reason ; ground means motivt _
ba-subab' adv by means of on account of
owing to [A]

.sab't n.m, sabbath; Lord's day (ped.)
Saturday [A]

. . subban' adj. holy adv. be glorified ;

ytT'dlsct\ Jsl^i^sub’ ha' n-al lah' int . God
be praised C* J jttfj'&\f?subhari te'ri qud'ral ph.
(as ’* jrds supposedly heards in parrots cry)
inscrutable are the ways of ; providence ;
wonderful are the ways of God [A]

,v sub' hah n.f. rosary sub' ha-gar da' ni

n.f. telling one’s beads [A - prec.]
sa'bad n.f. baskset Jf^ssa’bad-e gul basket
of flowers sat sa'bad top

flower in the basket choicest thing [P]

. j sab' i adj. green fresh t/k/Zsah'z
ba$h n.m. sab'z bagh dikh&'na

v.i. raise false hopes seduce temptJ^X
sab'z-posh adj. dressed in green green
\i\ened sab' z qa dam adj. inauspicious

oil-omened . ominous unlucky ^X" sab zah
n.m. verdure bloom insipient beard
iron-grey horse a kind of ear-ring a kind
of green gtmjliityf^sab' za~aghaz‘ adj. one with
insipient beard yl> a/? sa'bza-.Zat n.m. lawn
meadow ; pasture ihtd tyf 1 sab' zah laihlaha’ia v. .

have verdure all over (of green plants)
move with windyl ^i^sab'za-e bega'nah n.m. weed

[**1

sab il n.f. verdure greens , potherbs
y/Z hemp preparation^/tj^^Xiai'cl pi no
(or ura'na) v.i. drink hemp p repara tionJiy^X
sab'zi fitosh' n.m. green-grocer ( ^5>^ / XraA a mahdi
n.f. vegetable market [~P prec.)

, .jiA’/ N.M. (PL .'Pyidsbat') (esp natemal)
grandchild ' Jewish tribe the Tribe
sibtain' n.m. grandsons of the Holy Prophei
(viz Imam Hasan and Imam Husain)

sab" sab' ’ah adj. seven sab'-

soyya'rah n.m pl. the seven planets
sab 1 ' ah mo‘al'laqah n.m. the seven Golden Odes of
ancient Arabia [A]

•• jysa'baq n.m. (pl .fjyiasbaq') lesson

academic lecture (.& baq park
(or (ena) v.i. study have a' lesson learn

a (good) lesson (iley:i)fyufsa 'baq de'na (or
parka na ) v.t. instruct ; lecture teach j
lesson . give a lesson [A)

S

saparia‘ % i k.m. dancing girl’s accompanist

.."fSapisten’ (or sapis’tah) n.m. a kind of glu-
tinous berry used as drug [P]

£^sip'na (or sap' ms) n.m. (dial.) dream (IB)

(same as 'fjf K.u. ★)

^^sipapd n.m. wild rule (FJ
*•

*» j ^sapool’ (pcd. ru-) dutiful son

worthy scion (of) [S - £/£ ]

praise-

\Ju> sopSH^Uj's^liya n.m. see under's^

^ N.M If)" ■

.tipak' (contr. of n.f.*)

C safer' n.m. Comma tvder-in-Chief ; * C-in C
< ltb^'si‘pak*safe'ii n.f. command (of troops) (Jj&z'
si'Pah-ga'ri n.f. soldiering tactics (P]

j sipek‘r N.M. sky ; firmament; celestial
y't sphere sdhj'jjgar 'disk-* sipth'r n.f. vicissi-
tudes of fortune [P]

jj^siptd' At>j. (same asa><%Dj. if)

••7

^ysipe'dah n.m. dawn eucalyptus tree
white paint powder f*,jj£sipe' da-e
sahar' N.M. break of dpy&jg*sifM’th N.M.’same as
-ifH.r. (sec undcr^oi<ADj. *) [P~ &L Ig-S
PREC.) "

itt/ia^t'ra i^dfiappt'ra see under

<i,if\

/p/sapi'kar km. speaker Speaker (of
Legislature) [E]

• *, ,jsat pref. seven
<m0 *' kx>\. hybrid

‘sat

bjk'rs

tnixt'd, n.m. salma-
gundi mcdlcyJiC+r'sat-poo'a n.f. mother of
seven sons adj. ’(woman) having seven sons
fortunate (woman ) (f^&ssat khas'mt s.v. &
adj. (wife) of seven successive husbands
lascivious ( woman) V/^*sat-ko 'na adj. hepta-
gonal luh ^ sat - khsip’da adj. seven storeyed \ j)CS
sat-la'ra n.m. & adj. seven-stringed (necklace)
t’UZsSsat-ma'sa, O^sat-oatisa n.m. & adj.
prematurely bom (baby) make-up articles
sent to expectant mother by her parents during
seventh month of pregnancy t-na 'ja.

sat - na'ja N.M, mixture of seven different cereals

medley ( ~«5 Ucontr.)

n.m. essence stamina spirit of 1
defincti tlikor ( or Aar')!
de'na v,j. lose heart

SdT KM . (dial.) truth adj. (dial.) true [Sj

•• ri/ar' n.m. three-stringed guitar
A sitar' bajana (or ehher'na ) v.i. play on a
guitar jljjlP'sitar'-navs?.' n.m. guitarist fP~^

A" 1

.*• sattar' n.m. coverer of human failings (?
d** attribute of God) ‘■^>jf >i jC^satta'T-al-‘ujnob
n.m. God (as Coverer of human fellings) (A

y^sat'r]

sita'rah n.m. star spangle^^is^
sita'rah auj par ho'na v.i. have one’s star m
the ascendant kfl sit a rah e&fhha (or

ntk') ho'na V.I. have "lucky sta rsl"^> tj & sit a 'nth
bulaftd' ho'na v.i. have one’s star in the ascendant
tfe-PJjikt qismat ka) sita'rah eha'makua
v.i. have one’s star in the ascendant haw
a sudden stroke of luckt/* fojC'sita'rah-xhinas' N.u.
astrologer X$ii C*sita ' ra-shina si n.f. < astrology
sita.ra-t stib'h N.M. Venus ; the Morning
Star stia 'rah gar'dixh nut ho'na v.r.
be in bad luck ; suffer front the vicissitudes of
fortune (ftyj&sita'ra-e qAt'bi, ’A'ifPqiit'ti ta'rah
n.f. the Pole-starJ/sf yjj&sita'rfih bf/a'ra adj. ie.
(f^LlSJ&sita'roh bha'rl ) starry ; star-spangled
* J+^lfi&lZ'sita'roti ka jhftr'mat n.m. galaxy
‘j&iil* toot' nr va'U sita'rah , n.m. shooting star
•J&jlj.j dum'-aar sita'rah dumb a 'la-dar

sitaraki/UsIf'tflPto'U' ka sita’rah N.M. star govurn
ing (one’s) fortune (PJ

rf'ip / sata'ji (or saUa'si) adj. & n.m. eighty-seven
^ Ji/tr'Osa ta' stoat) ADJ. eighty-seventh

... .firs*' 8 uf. . taking seising snatchi ng
P'S usurping fr&'sila’nt $vr taking jcizT
ing ; seizure (P ~ch+&]

yo s ' lm ' (or sit ah or is’ tap) suf. place ; station

i*i"SQta'na v.t. annoy ; vex harass
hackle tease trouble
\£jsalarivt (or saltan' oe) adj. ninety-seven
suitin' vaah adj. ninety;*cventb
i rysata'nan (or sana’mu,) adj. & n.m. fifty-
seventh (JljaCr salld'vanna* adj. fifty,
seventh

n.f. praise

jr^saUa'is ADJ. twehty-seven
'isvaft adj. twenty-seventh

£/salat’tar adj. & n.m. seventy-seven 4
y salat’ taroah adj. seventy-seventh

^f Sal'r n.m. (PL.j&iastar') covering veil
/ concealment ; hiding not exposing
&ufy*'sat'r-a • eu'tat n;m. not exposing the

m

371

> > . »• 'tar po'tar h.f. routine duties
»««« engagement*

riuf'% l ^J'|U|«r7i*i n.m. sterling (E)
istik' N.r. stick [E]

y^satik' n.f. small hubble-bubble deli-
cate womap

!•(£'** takai$\r tm Jysm’tak jtt’ns v.i. slink away ;
sneak away ^

*. satal’la N.M.-slovenly person j y'satailo n.f.
slpt ; slattern

Y^sitot'yjX^tism' n.m. store stores (EJ

jr ’ .

^I^j/tte'its n.f. (see under^T'N.M. *■)

sttk'id N.p. (usu. in Ft.) abuses cordially
47 . bandied between in-laws at weddingttt^*-'

CiJ sifk’nijtof! de’tfl I v.r. hurl abuses thus
i JjLe? sitkt>'r& n.m. sweet gingered meal used
^ as candie

^ ^aretkya'wa v.i. dote : be in dotage [-jflf]

sif'fi h.f. senses ; wisdom ( tiU 1>

47 sij'ji tihol ja'ns (or gSw' Ac ja'»a) be
confounded be unnerved*
gAS sdvtj' n.m. (same as g~iit)

~ .*-j ut*' than n.m. (same as c r’?"'N.M. ★>

. « tejhrari, (fs^ffisiesh'narl n.f. sta-
tionary (Ej

jSri&mar^s^iisti'mar n.m. steamer; steam-
ship [E] -

.ssajjad' koi., tJ \f*se}jv‘dah n.m. (see under
Tut'*) ‘

v.t. cause to swell I. If** muhh ' s~js'no
*» v.t. pull a long face grow angry
**ysajanZ v.t. arrange adorn decorate

Jsjf saja'vat n.m. decoration adorn-
ment gracefulness arrangement

dlwj n.f. grace elegance decora-
tion ( - CAUS.J

^<y VflA (ped- n> y daA) n.m. (pl.
tZlfsajdaf) prostration
prostration on knees and forehead
adoration (or God) yr'a^r'
saj'da-e sah'v n.m. (see under

enj dah kat'na v.t. adore (God) prostrate
oneself ttfyfsaj'da-gih n.m. prayer mat
mosque ; temple place of adoration jfsajj&d'

n.m. adorer**^ sajja'dah n.m. prayer-mat e/Zvlf
scjjt da-nasjpn' (or wasMft') n.m. Shrine

Superior successor to saint ^*»yfsqija dah
aasbl'ni N.r. succession to saint [A]

_^ny'‘ n.m. rhymed prose donbh
Cr entendre about someone’s name in verse i*|
f'si'jil adj. nice ; fine well-arranged
4/’ orderly tidy

sijiV n.m. scroll (A)

ffsij n n.m. prison (A)

fsa'jan^/lssa'jan (dial. Ijfsqian'is) n.m
4J>' * lover beloved ; sweetheart friend
saj'ni (dial. L&'sa'jan'yTl) n.f. beloved : sweet-
heart mistress

v.i. fit well adorn oneself
t* look pretty (.V'wya'/ta '/.T.tZjfsqjadil n.m
saj'dhaj n.f (see under lijf v.t. if) l ‘f
sajim'na v.t. cause (someone) to adorn get
arranged well get tidied up lif saji'ld adj.
lovely ; handsome graceful elegant

l.f'sSjka'na v.r. point out hint at

drive (something) home (to) cause to
understand make (someone) see she poire ir>
(something) 7 jha'i tie' ua v.i. be visible
( ~tif>'CAOS.i

siijood’ n.m. prostration [A]

>/•

impure carbonate of soda
snji'la adj. (see under or*)

£>> sofh n.m. truth ; vcracitv adj. true ; vert-
Qt table adv. truly actually indeed
in earnest ££ tacly sa(ft adv. truly soft'

mUn'nH v.i. believe to be true trust in the
accuracy (of) £ £ sacf much adv, truly
really in fact I NT indeed really

sa(fi'(/ia, adj. (f. (ft tti£'£i) true ,
real genuine sincere faithful A
bona fide (transaction) full (weight) un-

allowed untouched by ha.nd (of meals)
not left over % f socket a' "t n.f. truth
verity genuineness purity

, jt^sahab n.m. cloud *tp'saha"ba/i n.m. nebula
tT** rfjf'safa'bi adj. nebulous fA]

seh'r n.m. magic black art : necro-
mancy ; socery bewitching charm
enchantment y|le f" sth'r-bajan' (or •bajAn’) adj .
convincing speaker Jiff seh'r-t Quiz/' m.m.
fine-speech bewitching talk charm of beauty

se $ T i i n * v ->- come under the

speUtof) be charmed (by)t tefft-r i t'mril
n.m. influence leading astrayl Al

s

372

S

sakh't adj.

rrnrl nM

ta'har ttjt. (PL. jf* sbhoor', j&'faihar')
dawn daybreak morning Jf^sa'har-
khez adv. early riser (>fsa'har-dam, fjfy tt'har-
goh' adv. in die early hours of the morning (f}rf
sa'har-ga'hl adj. early morning (prayers, etc.)

isa'fan adj. early morning n.f. (ped. jf*
sahoor') pre-dawn meals during fasting month

sdhari kha"t so ro'zah rak'khe

prov. he who claims right must also perform
duty [A]

~ l^sakhn'vat, sakha N.F. generosity
munificence ; liberality [A]

hard rigid ; stiff
cruel obdurate harsh strict , severe

difficult austere strong ; vigorous

vehement extreme : drastic ^radical adv.
very extremely severely intensely
violently«£ft£a?rakAj't bat n.f. (usu. in pl.)
cruel words pinching word oflr&fsakh't-jan'
(or -jab) adj. tough ; diehard ns^sakh't-ja’ni
h.f. toughness t^sakh't-dil adj. hard-hearted;
adamant ds cjf" sakh't-di'ti n.f. hard-heartedness
c))tZ*f'sakh' t din n.m. pl. hard Umesc£j&fsakh't-
tamiii n. m. pebbly soil verse in difficult
metre and rhyme Cd^cCJiS^sakh't earnin' nub
kaik'na v.i. versify thusCf&~&fsakh’t sus't
kaih’na v,t. chide ; scold ; reproach^/L^y^ akh't-
gtfADj. strict cruel ; oppressive n.m. hard
taskmaster fJi^sakh’t-gi'ri n.f. strictness
cruelty V/fc/tsP' feWt-girt kar'na v.i. be strict

show cruelty fif'sakh’ti n.f. hardness
rigidity stuff ness obstinacy harshness ;

strictness ; severity . cruelty oppression
difficulty poverty distress misfortune

austerity strength vigorousness ;

vehemence fore? ; violence sakh'ti

kar'na v.T. treat harshly ; be severe use

force ; use violence Ljfjf'sakh'U ho'na v.i.,
be shown severity be subjected to vie nee m
ta ^ ,M <a **° **'&£■«. sVkhitn) I.M.

[J speech talk words language
poetry matter ; affair su khan-par dai

adj. & N.M. _ eloquent elegant poet gar-
rulous&UgJ*" sQkhan-parda'zi n.f. eloquence
gUTulity^u ^ tW khan-par' ear adj, & nj<.
bigoted or opinionated (person) (person)
fulfflling his promisejCu^'c/' sVkhan-par'vari n.f.

bigotry being true to one’s wordf/fif
sU'khan fifclft adj. & n.m. back-biter ; "tale-
bearer critic (^J^sU'khan-^i'm n.f. tale*

bearing ; back biting cavilling suMpan-dab

(or -dan') apj. & n.m, eloquent elegent
poet shrewd intelligent critic tyjuf' su khan-
da ni n.f. eloquence elegance as a poet
shrewdness critical acumen C'tjf'sv'kkan dt'na
v.i. pledge one’s word sU'khan-ra'is n.f.

eloquence garrulity^Vy^ sU' khan-sat' adj.
& n.m. eloquent (person) facile ; glib ;
(one) with a facile tongue •sU'khan-Sa'zi
n.f. eloquence glibness fygp'sukhan-sabj\
fC'ff'su!. khan-shinas ' adj. & n.m. shrewd
intelligent critic poet C-s£l\krJJ)f ( /C? c ?'

su'khan-shinas na-’i' diL'-bars khatf ib-jast ph. the
trouble is you do not see the point ru'khan

sab'jl', (f Chef's ukhan-shina si adj. shrewdness

critical acumen elegance as poet#/%/^

sukhan-ths'ti . n.f eloquence skill in
versification sukhan-faih' m adj. & n.m.

shrewd perspicacious intelligent critic t
sukhan-faih' mi n.f. shrewdness perspicacity

critical acumen su'Jdtan-

fa.ih.m-t 'a'lam-e ba'la ma'loom'shud prov. poe-

tical elegance has poor reward (to a lit. pre-
tender) I have seen your depths sU 'kh an-go

adj. & n.m. poet eloquent (person) 'df(if
su' khan- go '' t n.f elegance as poet elo-
quence su' khan-nash' nau adj. heedless jp*

tU’khan-var n.m. & adj. eloquent elegant
poet su'khan-M'ri n.f. eloquence
elegance as poet kam'-sukhan adj. & n.m.
reserved (person) ; reticent (person) {P]
w sa'khl n.m. & ADJ, generous, liberal ;
{J bountiful or munificent ( persan)hf(}s*Z- ( f
i—'ljra2-&j£sa'khl se soom’ bha'la.jo tur't dr jauab'
prov. the niggard who gives a curt refusal »
preferable to the benevolent who procrastinates
(A — wylF^J

^^S sakhlf adj. nonsense stupid [A]

sad n.m. wall barrier obstruction
*** <mm>lju>>sad'd-t bah' n.m. end control
remedy d-t bab' kar'na v.T. end

control remedy tb^sad'd-e rah' n.m.

obstruction stumbling block i^tb-^sad'd-t rah'
ho’na v.i. impede ; obstruct stand in the
way (of) (jiij^sadf-* ra’maq n.m. just enough
to subsist (fJj&fsad'd-i sikab'darl n.m. the Great
Wall of China (AJ

i sa'da adv. always; ever ; perpetually

Ut > <f J Zjl'ZJ~SlU'*«'da tk ’ rjlkh na' r o
tkd'fl na'hiti prov. times incessantly change Jlriw
ih[dd-bahor' adj. evergreen <J>s!*ssa ’ da-bar' t n.m.
(dial.) poor house free mes s V

373

i&JjS

stgda ra'ht n3m‘ all ah' ka ph. all perish save Cod
soda sok&'gan n.f. whore ; prostitute
mendicant dressing himself as woman int.
may you never become a widow kO l - ^
sa'da na'o ka'fhaz kt baih'ti aahlti prov.
flimsy things soon fall apart falsehood will
not one day

* sirdar' shan adj. (dial.) handsome; comely

sid’rah n.m. berry; plum trtdf*l£/-‘*' sid’ral-
ul-muntahti' n.m. the heavenly tree beyond
which even the Holy. Ghost cannot advance

sudk, sUdk’ budh n.m. common-

****' sense intelligence care attention
consciousness presence of mind cfjtrMtadh.'
rakk'aa v.t. bear in mind &£>jSsudk' le’na v.t.
look after take care (of)*jsJ*.be sadk' adj,
senseless ; unconscious careless
Jfi ^tidkar'na v.i. go ; depart set out
J l^*^die ; pass away
1*1 .tUdkar’na v.t. better ; improve

MjvPAS correct ; act as a corrective (to) set
right ; mend (mzttm)V / trj*'sudkar'na v.t. be
improved be corrected ; be set right
\\a>LS S *^ a n * V ’ T * tame (animal) train
''’^•'(animals for performance) discipline
sidk’ na v.t. be tamed (of animal) be

trained for performance be disciplined

sidkm^na v.t. cause to be tamed
trained

£ sod'dt n.m. pl. banners taken out in pro-
'^'ccssion during Muharram i^eL-assad'de
ni'kclns v.i. (of Muharram banners) be taken
out in procession

UbsidauT (ped. sadaul') adj. well-shaped ;
v' 4 ** gracefttl (body) { - <Jjr dauH
f y sar n.m. sir ; Sir [E]

get

■y

'S

r

tar N.p.'hand (at cards)

a kind

f y sar (dial.) pool ; pond

/ of grass with stout stalks
pT . tar n.m. (ped. or in P. construction)

head top pinnacle tip point
end beginning commencement chicfl
main ; major ; principal jXyfsar-a'mad n.m.
& adj. chief, salient most prominent
d*x*njfjjjj0l / Ssar-a’nuut-eroi'gar' adj. & n.m.
the most prominent person of the times IV
tar-a-pa n.m. organwue description of human
figure (usu. as verse encomium) adj. entire
incarnate a ov. all over the body entirely;
wholly; hilly y'JSsar-a-sar’ adv. wholly; entirely;

y

completely sar-asi'mah adj. perplexed
confounded JCTiysar-an'magi _ n.f. per-
plexity confusion WDf lysa’r-e ijlat ' adv . ^

in court in public openly • publicly fyl/t
sar-afraz’ adj. exalted etevstted success-
ful sar-afgati dah adj. hanging down

one’s head in shame downcast brought low
f'&’jysar-atjam' end result ; consequence
arrangement (Csjt.; hj^^sar-otj am’ kar'na (o>
wrongly de'na),C^Jt/'iMjam' de'n a’ v.t. accom-
plish bring 'to *a successful onnc'usion
sar-e aftgush't n.m. finger tip ‘Ayf sar-baz adj.
reckless ; ready to lay down intrepid ready
to lay down one’s life n.m. (rare) soldier Jft/S
sar-e bazar' .adv. publicly ; in public : openly
fL /S sar-e bam' adv. on top of the house
from housetops e^ySsar ba-rah' n.m. chief head
(of )j!d / » , /ysar ba-ra'h-e kar' n.m. (col.) agent,

representative manager k'/tfS/S tor ba-rah)
kar’na v.i. be at the head manage con-
duct sar-bas’ lah adj. hidden (secret) ;

closed ; shut y^/sar ba-sar' adv. wholly :
entirely from end to end ; from top to bottom
J&S tar-bilahd' adj. exalted eminent
sar-bulah'di n.f. exaltation eminence
k/y^^^yysar-balat’di ha' sit kar'na V.i. achieve
eminence /d. /Star ba-moh'r adj. sealed
paras't n.m. guardian patron J^sy'sar-paras'Tr
n.f. guardianship patronage gjl£^r<ir-r
pis tab n.m. nipple teat: dug (J’-y’clbljara'n-e sar-,
pul n.m. pl. wayside companions faithless friend*
sar-paf & n.m. (arch.) president (joc.

chief O'JySsar-posh' n.m. lid ; cover S^/^tar
peck' N turban ornament worn on it
sar-lab' ho'na v.i. disobey (orders of) (J.lyS tar
la' hi n.f. refraction k‘/j}y’sar-ta'bl kar’na v.t
disobey (orders of) l by' sar-ta-pa ’adv. wholly
entirely ; totally * from top to toe from top
to bottom sar-taj' n.m. husband
(rare.) chief (rare,) crown(l
taslim' kham’ kar'na (or ho'na) v. obey ; submit
sar -tha.sh' mah n.f. fountain head yeS sar-
had’ n.m. border : frontier bopuds: limits r
bourne former North-West Frontier Provider
of West Pakistan ±sys sar'-khal n.m. leaar
(of house) receipt (to tenant) deed of agree-
ment j'^SsaT-khush' adj. tipsy ; inebriate
sar-khu’shi n.f. intoxication (kT/S tar^chaif n.m
chief : leader head of family (old use,
troop commander yb/S tardar n.m. chief
leader commander ruler Junior com
missioned officer ; J.O.C. j/ljyS Mrdar'm s . ? .

374

state

chief's consort (fjbysarda'ri n.f. supremacy
rule leadership command J.C.O’s
rank t^ysar-t das’ I adv. at present right
now m-daftar n.m. Section Officer

office superintendent C0(fi^mysor' dtar’ la
ba& laga’na v.i. bum one’s boats t’y'sor-e rah'
adv. on the road by the way^J/^'nir-e
ra'ht n.m. periodical's humorous column ; by the
way ; by the by adv. by the way in pas-
sing zZ'ysar-rish'tah (col. zj^ssarish'tah) depart-
ment jtjS^ssor-rish' ta-dar (col. sarish'-) n.m.
(magistrate's) reader IjfrJ/Ssar'-zad ho'na v.i, (of
crime, mistake, etc.) be committed cC'ysar-
zamtn n.f. country land : region; territory
fjysar-ctmi'n-e be- a' in' n.f. lawless
state of lawlessness fry’sar'-za'nisjt
n.f. snubbing rebuke reproof ; re-
primand iSjtjy' sar-zo'ri n.f. waywardness;
restiveness headstrongness yy sat-sabz! adj.

verdant fresh flourishing ; prosperous ;
thriving (fygfSsar-sab' n.f. verdure fresh-
ness ; flourishing state ; prosperity jUj/sar-xhar'
aOj. dead-drunk ; inebriate (f; lysar-sha'ri
n.f. intoxication f&ysa'r-e sham' n.f. early
evrningpss-^Y'l^/jo'r-r sham' (Ai se) adv. (from)
early in the evening l/'J^ysar qa'lam kar'na v.t.
behead ljf t Jy'soT qa 'lam ho'na v.i. be beheaded
MjyS sar-kar'dah adj. prominent Jj^fsar-kqr' dagi
n.f. prominence; eminence vjy'sax' kar'na v.t.

conquer subdue fire (gun, etc.) jr^s
tar'-kash adj. headstrong refractory
wayward ; restive rebellions J-^'sar’-ka'M
N.f. headstrongness refraction way-
wardness ; restiveness rebellion t'/lSySsar'-

ka'shi kar'na v.t. rebel ; revolt be head-
strong be restive d/y'sar'-ko'bl n.f.
punishment nipping in the bed Q’/ysar'-
gartk' adj. displeased ; angry sar' -gars' td

n.f. irritation; anger ; displeasure JU^y'sar’-
gardah' adj. straying ... wandering (in search
of) perplexed 'Jtjjf/'sar'-gmda'rit n.f. per-
plexity amazement confusion wandering

(in search of) fjy sair-gax'm adj. active
earnest eager ; zealous : ardent diligent

JJySsar-gar'nA n.f. activity earnestness

eagerness ; zeal ; ardour diligences/,^'
tar-garth' n.m. ringleader chief* Zf'jfcssar
gUgash't n.f. ' account ; narrative details
sar-gash 'tah adj. & n.m. bewiklered
perplexed at (one's) wit's end sar-gash' -

tag l n.f, perplexity bewilderment
‘a'lam-t sar-gash'tagi met adv. bewildered ; in a

state of bewilderment (f'Jysar-go'shi n.f whit-
per v/ ( jJ'jysar-go‘Aiyai! korna v.i. whisper
speaks in whispers sar-mas't adj. dead-
drunk ; inebriate (f*yS sar-mas' il n.f. intoxica-
tion ; being dead drunk fjF/Ssar-mo&'q n.f
original line written by teacher for giving pupils
practice in calligraphy (fyysar-maghi'ziN r.
deep thought vain bid to drive something
home (to) jy so! r-t moo' n.m. & adv a hair’s
breadth ^ly sar-na' mah n.m. superscription
address (on letter) (jfiy sar-nigooh' adj.
vanguished (of flag) flying at half-mast with
head hanging down in shame jz%jysar-natiish'/
n.f. destiny ; fate (Jjjysar-var'aq n.m. title (of
book) tf\,tsjy/sar-o saman! v.i. be a pre-
paration^) arrangements necessaries
sar-o-saman' ho'na v.i. be a preparation (for)
/ tfy sa'r-o-kar' n.m. concern connection .
relation V&jVf/Ssa'r-o-kar' rakk’na v.t. be con-
cerned with Ljty'sar' ho'na v.i. be conquer-
ed ; be vanquished be subdued ; be sub-
jugated fall (to) (of gun) be fired pester
(someone) with dun impertunei><^v' v ^f
ek' sar hazar' sauda' prov. individual facing a
thousand troubles [P]

. sir\ sar n.m. head top pinnacle^
y*' highest part tip point
sir' ah'khoh par int . certainly; means; whh
pleasure adv. cordially respectfully OjJy
I'lefcSisir' sh'btoti par Htis'na v.t. receive;
cordially extend a warm welcome (to) C ’f'&irjs
sir' utks' ke chains v.i. strut about ; con-
ceitedly have nothing to fear or feel ashamed
of \!\ehysir' uths'na v.t. rebei(^s(!tijtt^ l y’sir’
ura'na (or Sra' de'ns) v.t. behead Ij^sty sir'
oofi'cha kar’ns v.t. & 1. hold one’s head high
exalt Ijf^y^sir' bhi'ri ho'na v.t. have a
headache feel giddy Kgysir' bt,k na v.i.
jeopardize one’s life ( rfsdtjsh/fsir' pa" oh
par jakh'na (or dkor'na ) v.i. fall at the feet of
pa' 'ok par rakh! kar bhag’ns
v.i. fleetyidji/Sstr’ pa' 'ok na ho'na v.i. be
baseless be unable to make head or tail (of)
fySsit pa'fakhra (or pa'fakna) v.i^try in
vain Ay sir' pm adv. close at hand bfxl^/'tir'
par (a') ban’na adv. be in trouble ^yXiJysxt'
par a' re (hal'na v.i. be in grept brouble^J^^'
sir’ par an’ktuk na ho’na v.i. be stupid^SRb(je^'
sir' por-o'jal (or qaga’)lhtl’na v.i. (of death)

a pproacl court (deaih)^ tfiy'sh ' par Stfc a'
let ta v.i. make much noise ; to cause a tumult
Hjfcfisysir' par (a') part’d v.t. find oneself in

trouble be entrusted to i>y ■C/'in' pat bol'na sjti'kat'na v.i, (of head) become sticky
v.t. (of apparition) speak through possessed tfi<n' n.f. (dial.) teasing aDv (dial.) against
person l pat jin' c^oti na (or one’s wijl t\f>/str dtkka’ na v.t. get lice picked
soar' ho'na) v.i. be possessed fly into a from (one’s) head dikhna v.i. have a

passion CtaZfgySsir' par dkorka'na v.t. spoil by mild headache^Jatj^str’ dhard mi. patronU**^
over indulgence Cm^/ysn' per ^ert'na v.t. rtr dhax'na v.i. repine .lament grieve
be spoilt by kindness behave rudely over one’s trouble enjoy grow ecstatic
p<n ch tap' per rakh'na v.i. over Vj*rysir dta'na v.i. have a shampoo*u?*4^'
put under debt of gratitude VJi. si r dc dt mat' no. v.i. fry to kill oneself in

sir 1 pm khtk' date a v.i. mourn ; lamant desperation le-j^ur' de'nav.T. die (for the sake
L ' jfJ 1 *' & rJ-:S sir' per khoon’ saw ho ne v.i. of) jeopardize one’s \tStpar)fjt/'4tt'-d$9t' adj.
be mad- with murder Cd^rA^sit' par khoon' (of water) just deeper than man’s ttawwefyjn^'
Una v.i. murder (Vliij : )di£/'iir par rakk'na (or sir siftd' ho'na v.t. grow grey ; grow old 1/VjS
urta'na) v t. treat with great respectiitc/vb^^y fy* sir seh'ra ho'na V.t. be the cause of success
Of * si 1 par saoat' raih'na (or Ao'ita) v.t. & £o~ry'str saihla'na v.t. pat one’s head in

boom large before pester with V /I shame sawn on OtyoSySsir se bat a' taVna v.i.

«r -por kta ra .ho'na v.i. be close at hand (of some difficulty) end unexpcciedlyWl^jf^Sy^
Ujf lari tvC' par gkar' (or tamit'JuAa sir se bejh uiar'na (of responsibility) end*d£^a^/'
Hi "tv .1 make much noise make a fuss sn s* pa" at tak adv. from top to bottom ;
about K^^k'y^sir' par halt pter na vi. entirely iifjJ '^k^yfstr' se pa'nt gil'zar ja'na v.t.

fondle console patronize tfyrljrfjjrisy' behead over ears (in trouble, etc. ) l>>’_S c /*£sjx'

sir par hath' rakh'na (or dtor'na) v.t. foster sir s* ka'Jan bahdh'na v.i. engage in a desperate
patronize take under one's protection^ki^^' endeavour \sl(Ji\yilfj-Al&'mySsit‘ se tin'ka
ur pa re ka soudi PH. something that cannot ne ptar'neka ehsan man na v.i. be thankful for minor
helped t po'krtr kar rath’ ja'na v.i. be or favour Cufa p^sur' se khrl'na v.i, of possev

downcast Cgsur' phot' *a v.i. have a splitting sed person) shake one s head under the influence
headache (of head be smashed injure one’s of evil spirit die (for) do a brave deed
head Jjj/fynr phuim'oal w i. quarrel) fighr KjJ'sir' se gu'zarna v.i. despair of one’s life—
wrangle mutual differences tfjgy-sir l>f sir sikg' ho'na v i (iron.) have a distinctive
ohoot'no v.i injure one’s head (of 'head) feature be easy to recognize
be smashed j/fysir -phi ra adj . mad ka'la muthba'la ph. be stHI young (^✓frr’ ka'\a
^fysir' phir na v.i. go mad be adj. beheaded Vjysir" kar'na v.t. & t. (of
crazy Vsjrfytir ptoi'na v.t. & i. strike women) do her hair entrust (to) CU^Ssir'
one j head^ (against) smash (someone’s) head kha'na v.t. bother make much ftoikcCljiZs

%/*}*' fitna (or pit Ir'na) v.t. sir khapa'n a v.t. & t. rack one's brain bother

mourn ; lament give up as lost vent one’s (someone) V ifysirkh ja'na v.i. be non-pluss-

rage on oneself tit' pair na ho'na v.i. ed invite trouble try to think s—

be unable to make hear or tail (of \ Vyty sir' C/psir' kh ja'nt kl far' sat no- hg’na v.i. be very
Star’ *3 v.t. disobey (God’s orden)fjysir' lor' busy ; have one’s hand full ^jCssir’ ke bal adv

no), extreme (effort )(V^t Sty'siP tbam Wna v.i. headlong; with head foremost head overhead

rue; repine lament ( cJ~Zkj(sjifSsir thnp'na voluntarily debasing oneself ^J^/fsir'
(or chepek'nn) v.t, fay blame at (other person’s) gah'ja kar'na v.t. beat severely on the head
door shift one t responsibility (to) sir' gookdh'na vi. plait one’s hairC^y^ir’

sir jor' ko> botthno v.t. (of people join their head gkoom'na v. to suffer from vertigo ; to be of un*

together jk^eSjU^Sstr' jh&r math' pah a* adv. sound mind C^yur' tag'na v.i. be blamed V£igy
savagely lamenting uutidilv with’ un- ttr' (par) Wna v.t. take (something) upon oneself

kempt hair Ut£ys» jhuka na v.t. bow i’jiy str' mar'na v.i. make a strenuous- effort

subtnitl^gXnr 4fmta adj. rude audacious take great pains mUtdva'ti

spoiled by over-indulgence Oj'Jjfrysir' kl o' It por'na pros, misfortune befalling the very
chart but b»i na v.i, (of apparition) speak first venture ViSnpSstr' mOhda'na v.t. get one’s
through possessed (person) become self- head tonsured be duped become a mendi

apparent iyl ynj^sit (hurt kar mar'na v.i. cant SjdjpSsn' umhd'na v.t. tonsure (some-

eomtisH suicide as a protest against cfJysir' one’s) head cheat defraud; dupe in

376

JbtL

mai'ta ho'na v.i. be rtiensturating^^x'iir' na
pair ph. baseless : unfounded awkward
VijSysir napira'na, I'SifZ y^sir ni'^s kar'na
v.i. bang down one’s head in dDamttyf
nr $atiu'ti par li'ye fhir'na v.i. be ready to lay
down one’s life

ySrw.M. tune note music ; melody
./"start of game (at cards) VlP/Ssur mila'na v.t.
& I. sing in tunc tune attune y\St\

Poft'tha tQr n.m. major key ; alto //iJbt-slir, jy^
h+Ju'ra adj. out of, tune discordant un-
musifal^lf^t/Aj'ma sur n.m. tenor ; contralto
j/S sur n.m. low tone ; bass
Ssxr (ri^jjylasrsr') secret mystery

* sacrament [A1

i jSt'rs n.m. tip point end begin-
/ ning top ^.tsysi’re st adv. at all
‘ab initio’ : from the beginning ( ~ y sir^
y sara N.f. (same asXy'N.F. •*)

fi sur. singing singer fijysara"* n.f.

/ singing

jf ySarab' n.m. mirage (fig.) illusion [A]
•A

f.tarap' n.m. (dial.) curse [S]

V

^ySVa'pa n.m. (see .under y sar -A)

>. J,rarrs'ta n.m. sound of strong wind
Wraj' n.m. lamp [A]

n.m. (dial.) funeral obsequies (S]

^j^sara' sar' adv. (see undeiyWar n.m. yt)

' sar-asimagi N.r .^yfy sar-asi'mah adj.
£y"** i - ' (see under Jysar -^)

♦ . rSragh' N - M - trace track sign
C/S' suragh' -rasali’ n.m. detective
suragh' -rasa ni n.f. detective’s job tracing ;
tracking search detection (liX'yilS&fc/y
suragh' lagana (or dhioofid'na) v.t. v detect’
track trace out .search out seek ; discover

search

get a clue (to) ygASsuragh' le'na v.t.

''suragh' mil'na (or pa'na) v. get a
. - •- - "

a clue (to) get an inkling (of) tfySsura'ghi
n.m. who tracks detective [P]
i’ljsarak'tia v.t. approve commend
yjr praise

<jynra"i (also )/sma) n.f, inn ; caravan-
S* serai temporary abode (fig:)

world [P]

^.f.sira'yat n.f. penetration seeping

running through bS&}/sira’yot kar'na v.t.

penetrate [A]
^..sar'pm

N.F.

gallop (fifiJ)i>!(V*^'sar'pat
op (QH
gallop

dama'na (or Sra'ita) v.t. gallop (one's

L* A t . V r/rr'tlA# Jmjv'

horse) I'Jjj J^ysar'pa^ daur'na v.i.
run at full speed
„ .sur'i n.f. consciousness, care ;■ attCn-
tion (to)(Vp^jljl’^C^ysUr , i na ho’na (or
■ryfi’na) ■ be unconscious be utterly unmind-
ful of

/» ~ jsar'jari n.f. suigcry c^Ssa/jan n.m.

surgeon [E]

i j&r'kh adj. red n.m. ‘arbus prccatorius’ seed
used as weigJhXji^sOr'Ui-bid'' n.m. crisy-
pclas adj. successful trium-

phant honoured fulfilling mission
sur'fdrroo’ ho'na v.i. succeed ^^y'rar'kh-roo'’*
n.f. success triumph honour ; fulfilling
a mission y/s^ysSr'kh-o-sifed' adj. red and

white. in perfect health blooming with
youthful vigour tjfjj/'jBr'kA ho'na v.i. be red
flush with anger JysQr'khah. {Jysur'kha
n.m. roan of bay horse red pigeon (joc.)
communist ; red ^-<i3r'kh» n.f. brick-dust
rouge newspaper heading gyjt'shali-
fiir'khi n.f. banner headline (US* & kl f\X&y
sur'kfAjama'na {prqa’m kar'na) v.t. give a
heading (to) Jr lj[ytur'kM ma"il adj, red-
dish IP]

.« .surkhab' n.m. ruddy goose S-iS-jI/C?\sy
iurkhab’ ka (or fee) par' lag'na v.i.
be exalted win a distinction [P ~prec.]

.sar'd adj. cool” cold chilled dead

y" listless indifferent ; apathetic dull

market lifeless <Sfysard-ab'Jlysard-a'bah n.m.
(arch.) cold cellar cold both cold
sXoTiLgetfSfJSsar'd-baZa'ri adj. slump ; dullness
of market ‘Srsysar'djohg n.f. cold war OZy
s ’.r' d-kha nah n.m. cold storage vSpSsar’d kar'na
v.t. cool chill refrigerate gj/jy/sar'd-
migai’ adj. unambitious cold ; apatite tic ;
indifferent y y sar' d-meh' r adj. cold; apathetic;
indifferent y y/tar' d-wch' ft n.f. coldness,

apathy ; indifTerence{Cb’jfljlrjfysar’d ho'na (or
hoja'na) v.i, become cold chilled be-

come apathetic or indifferent die
dil-sar’d ho ja'na v.i. become apathetic
be disgusted [P]

j sar'dah, by’tvr'di n.m. musk ,
utelon^jy'sardai’i n.m. & adj.
light green colour
.. .sat' A n.f.

Oy* (slang) cold ; catardi \k?ify/sar'di

3

par' nd v. i. get told be chilly (of tempe-
ra lure) fall C^fJ^sar'di lag'na v.i. feel cold
shiver with colfl (slang) suffer
from cold [P]

Jv" sar’dal n.m. door lintel

n.m. delirium ; lrelizy
j». ..suisuratta V.i. shiver with cold

\iyir

stirsara'na (of lice, etc.) creep (of
l leaves, etc.) rustle (of sound) trill

produce low trilling soundw£j^«<f<?r.t0ra'/Mt n.f.
rustle hiss

. , . far' fan adj. cursory by the way
yfir careless ; displaying lack of attention
skipping superficial {

* jfj s At' suit n. f. veewil corn-vecwil

titillation by creeping of small insects;
creeping sensation

sar'soh n.f. a species of mustard
mustard-seed OC^Or^sar sob ks tel ' n.m.
mustard-seed oil sar'soh ki kkal'li n.f.

mustard-seed oil caike O sax' sop
ah'khop met pkouim v.i. be enraptured be
very happy be jaundiced liljjfotjSsaT' sot
phaol'na v.i. (of mustard) bloosom

par jama na v.i. accomplish

immediately

sar-fhar ' adj. (see underjs'sar if)

^ £ sin sh'i n.f. nature ; disposition ; tempera-
nient suf. tempered; disposed Z^/sirish' lah
adj. & pref. kneaded mixed [P ~

/:• jSiristik n.m. tear [P]

.jf .sarlan' n.m. cancer Cancer (as a

(J»7 sign of Zodiac) (rare) ctabcfVpsbr
kkgl'l-e sarlan' n.m. Tropic of Cancer (A]

sat" at n.f. swiftness haste ; speed

'‘'y' lack of retentive power [A]
/^ysar'ghanah n.m.’ ringleader [P-y-'J

• .sitr'fah n.m. cough (P)

•• sarqak (or ped. sa'riqah) N.M. plagiarism
(Jr theft ; larceny

jZtP.sar-quf'li n.f. advance partial payment
of tent [PJ

I y/jsarkar' n. f. government authority

jf/l>JfpLsjsfySMrka r ' darbar ' (jjark’rm v.t. sue
go to a court of law jJjt^Ssarkn'ii adj. official
government State (fjl,>(f;t£/sarka'ri dor *

tail adj. official belonging to the govern-

ment party ((‘•'Ik b)J^I(fJ^bsarka!H aiki-kar (or
mHla'fim n.m. government servant IP1
T-v' .Mrfajr' n.f. (title of respect) . .
Jy*' sir madam miss
J.sar'kas n.m. circus (E)

U' sar'kal n m. circle J^snr - I

(jFf knlar n.m. circular ; iastruc* *

lions circulated JE]

t / s a! rakna v.t. slide glide out of the

. t /.sa!rakna v.t.

} Jr way Cj^Ssarka'na V.T.

remove cause to slide
^.^.sarkah'da n.m. reed

'a/ rif L-aU U U t/ta

push aside

sir kah n.m. vinegar (PJ

/ jiir'ki n.f. rced-screcn (used as
y/ 0 ' roofing, etc.) / ^^'J/ / sirk\ ks fbkappar n.f
make-shift roof made with it „

.sar'g n.m. (f'lJ^/sTtrgba'sH (see uinUt Ujy*

sargasjt'lagl v.r.,Z*£^'’sargastilah adj.

(see under y^sm n.m.)

gam n.f. gamut nation scale of

l sar" gam N.F.
Cs music
jT/sur'g)lP N.m. c

*• rVmX kl K U i

Jysur'glli N.m. rowdung (PJ

* sar'ma n.m. winter ^^sami's adj. winter
clothing, headquarters, etc.) (PJ
. sarma’yah n.m. capital stock-in-trade
y»/r funds means
n.m. & adj. capitalist rich (person)*^.*^
sarma yardard' nab ADJ. & adv. capitalistic |
sarmayq-da'ri n.f. capitalism (fjl^^sarma ya-
kart n.f. investment jtf / *^Ssarma‘ya-kar adj.
one who invests ; enterpreneur C£)^l/Ssama‘ya
laga ns v.t. invest capital make an invest-
ment [P]

.sax' mad' n.m. & adj. eternal , everlasting
-Jc perpetualj^^'iar'madl ADJ. eternal ; perpe-
tual [A]

a asUr'mah n-.m. antimony collyrium
j/fsySsUt'mar&lo6i\ gs/tpSsar'ma-aluo'dab,
sHmaglh' adj. (eyes) stained with anti-
mony or collyrium ftij^Ssihr'me da’nl n.f. anti-
mony (or collyrium) containertU^^/’jSr'ma
dha'IaknZ v.i. (of antimony stains) spread (owing
to tears, etc.) Ct t^ssilr'ma laga’na v.t, stain
(eyes) with antimony (or collyrium)

Sur'ma he j&'na v.t. be reduced to very fine power
antimony-coloured ; greyish ; ash-
coloured fPl

378

, su’ rati g n.f. subterranean passage :
mine (explosive) mine passage in

w*1l made by burglar n.m. roan or bay horse
aoj. pretty coloured tyJs^ty'sU.'ratig ter a »a v.l.
explode a minel sU'ratig lag&tu, y.i.
break into a house mine ^y /, su’rafigyg n.m.
miner ; one who lays down mines

, / w'e n.m. cypress ^j^ysar'o h atad'

/ N.n. tail cypttn^iftysar’v-ahdm’ if} ,!
an;, with a cypress-like graceful body Vy
<4$%p / ’ taT ’ he <k'Va'gh<i*N,M.,a kind of >,■
cypres* fjljj^'sar'O’e w*f ADJ. a kind
of oypness sweet heart with a graceful
VuUflt/Wrt seki n.m. branched cypress
tall and graceful nytctheart^/j^/nir'ii.
la fnat'jfjjSstu'tyqad' adj. tall and 'graceful (PJ
P' fped- stiroop') n. i. (dial.) beauty •
V/ comeliness ^Qjdev'ta-saroop’ adj. (dial )
beautiful like a deity (8] -
l*T j, sarau'ia h m beteVnut
/ cracker Attt-crackn

v sarod' (or sUrod') n.m. music
melodv song anthem
kynxtyr't^jiiui ’s-osurod' N.m. dance and

music gay life [P]

t yfrirocr' n m. joy % delight pleasure :

exhilaration slight mioxicriUaaCP^yjy
\uroor' i'ne lag'n a v.r. begin to grow rapturous

begin to feel effect of drink [A]
jar’vm n.m. sovereign lord master

Chief ’jar'oar-t ka'xnit' n.m. (the
Holy Prophet) (as t& chief of Cod’s Creation)
(Sj^Ssar' van n.f. sovereignty , sway over*

lordship a female name [P]
f) jsafvis n.f. service ^(Jj^sar'ms-brik n.f.
V/ service-book [E]

, surosh' n.m. . angel voice (from
heaven %*Jftfjys1tri dh-t ghaib' n.m. voice
of prophecy [P]

gj^/ sar van H U naroe of * f°lh song
i stfo'h i n.f: a kind of dagger

. strkri'aa, sarka'na n.m.^ head of the
» */' bed head part (of) ^{ysirhn’ne adv.
at the head of the bed n.m. (pl. of k'iy'it)

l-y'w]

• - n.f. head (ot slaughtered animal) as

food Z-ltf/Sti'rl pa”t n.m. pl. head
and feet (of slaughtered animal) as (bod their
stew

ii'rt (ped. sri) m.m. (same (fj* n.m. ir)

ft . .ti'ti ragiot sri'-) n.m. one of the major
I J'JjLg/ 0r modes of cfausical of > Indo- Pakistan
musk connected with midwinter [8)

~ ^ rina[dl n.f. Syriac.; Syriac language

adj. Syriac (A)

' , y -w/' n.m^ throne (rare) baH
'j bysan'r-a ra '( sal'tamt ) ko'na
v.i. ascend the throne e^Ja^yy'sa ri'r-t tuJ'toM.
n.m. throne (A)

f, J tmf n.m. (dial.) body [S]

rflri'/a, ADJ. (f. J/SsuH'ti) melodious
musical **
rfirin' n.f. buttocks (P)

V

iart —' NM> 8 ,uc IP)

t , sarV' adj. fast ; quick swift nimble
Ep<r ^Ol$ySiarl u iit-tasir’ aoj. (of drug
prayer, etc.) quick to produce desired effect
sPi^jSsati ' l -Ul-fah’m (col. -fdik'm ) aDj. quick-
witted perspicacious abj.

easy to digest [A] '

V

d/

^ sir n.f. madness craze (JpSnran
y 0 ' n.f. A adj. mad woman crazy
(woman) (f^Ssi'n adj. mad crazy

obLt^if^irl souda"i n.m: & adj. mad man
crazy (person)

p. sa'ra adj.* ilfssortin* v.r., j\*Ssmrakd
I/' n.f. (see under Pj/v.i. ♦)
j j sa’ra sat’ Adv. (of whip, blows, etc.) con-
[/yr tinuously raining y

i,u,sarop’pa n.m. huge sip iH^ysarmp’ pg
laga’na v.t. take a very large sip
finish off at a draught

*/J sar'safaJrySstt'sajk -adj. A N.M. sixty*
seven 0 tJSrysar? safaris jffi^SutT'mrfkea*
AJ»(. sixty-seven

> > v sir 'sat n.f. sound of hookah’

^ /.sa'xak n.f. road l 1* d/Ssa'rak kata' njsy.t.
J/' build a road ^p'J^'sm'yak kaj'aa " v.l,
build a road (through)

su'takua v.,. gulp down with a splash

. , rur'it n.f. Urge sip sudden slacken-
" ing of kite string

^^ ii'ran n.f. & adj. (see under yS sit N.N.yt

jur'sa v.i. . foe putrefy decompose
AOJ. (». tfySSri'fl) rotten

putrefied decomposed f/Stfga’la sdr& adj.
(f^fySffga'h sa'ft) rotten putrefied
decomposed L'ljssara'na v.t. cause to rot
causes to 'decompose Jf^sarakd' n.f. stench of
rotting thing J^Ssar'yal adj. peevish
rotten

-ftr * N ‘“* * AOJ" (see under jS sir n.f. «fe)

mPj sa'rf adj., Jt£s sor'yal adj. (see under
Vjr v.i. *)

I • v n.f. punishment penalty

|/* r retribution ; requital chastisement Cj> l/S
saa' pa'ra V.I. be punished^ IjSsaza dt’na v.t.
0 punish penalize chastise ^ifjSsaza'-yab’
VltySsaza’-yaf lak adj. & n.m. punished or
penalized (person) tje t-^jysazz'-yab' ho'na v.i.
oe punished

, .saza'oar’ adj. worthy (Of) deserving;
Jljy* meriting fjjr jijjyssaza var’ ho’na v.i.
deserve ; merit (PJ

i lijsad'-oal n.m. (arch.) rent-collector
l)fy* tax-collector gtbSiaza'vaR n.f. (arch.)
tax-collection tax-collector’s job [T]

.sBs't adj. slow tardy slothful
dull ; sluggish inactive lazy ; idle ;
indolent feeble (rare) loose ; lax (rare)
infirm ; yna^US^c^iis’t^t-Uiqad’ adj. in-
credulous setpticabO>.C^sis’ t-binyad' adj.

infirjn unstable shakyH^uS^Sf^paiiBa*'
n.m. 4 adj. fickle ; capriciousy&*^*?fis'/-r<i/iar'
ADJ. slow beggardt^^fgs't for’na v.i. ,
slow down make lazy make sluggish
VfjXjTts'l ho'na v.i. be lazy be somewhat
unwell (jr^sis 'ti n.f. laziness ; idleness ;
indolence slowness v/^stis’H kor'na

(or si kam’ le'na) n.m. delay ; procrastinate
be tardy be lazy [PJ

.* _sos'ta adj. (f. J~^sas'tl) cheap in-
•*"'*’expemiv« worthless lsyf£~*sas'ta t&kaof-
M v.i. be rid (rare) sell at a cheap rate ;
be sold for a pittance

tos'ta n"t bar ' bar maihh’ga ro"e tk bag’ ntov. .
expensive things may be difficult to buy but
cheap rtuff is a permanent unis - i i ce ... £*&%(&**
Mur if tatg’ bar bar ' gffta'
for itkk’te hoik ram. cheapness makes worth
suspicious look a gift horse in the mouth
• . » sasta'na v.i. rest have a respite
w ***** repose lie down a while

^ sis' or (dial. so’sMr) n.m. father-in-law J--*'*’
Z - ^ sBs'ra (dial. sa'sSra) n.m. (rare) father
in-law (mild abuse) the devilish person 4 ^--^
sVsrab' (dial. sasUraV) n.f. in-laws’ family

in-laws' house 0 /jjr^^usral' ka fot'ta m m one
who sponges on his in-laws uy^sisra’lija adj.
of in-laws tSf**sus’r%) (dial. sa’sUH) n.f.
(rare) mother- in- law (mild abuse) the devilish

person [ ~ c/Usas n.f. fk]

1* J ^ suskar’na v.t. St 1. sibilate do so
"jib** 0 * to help sleeping child nuke water
(of snake) hiss urge (dog) to fly (at someone)
tSjl£*-*sAska‘Tt n.f. sole sound emitted for
letting dog fly at someone bus to urge sleep-
ing child to urinate

sfsakna v.i. sob be at the last gasp
\J*** m *’ lead a miserable UIe££'tiC**si'sak
si'sak for adv. with great difficulty in
much trouble very miserably tf**n'slA n.f.
sob fyf(J^~ii'skhah bhar'na v.i. sob
^p^Ssi'dtan J^/^^si'ihan-kor’t n.f. Session
V Court £ , c r~'n’sAa* jaj n.m. . Sessions

Judge [E]

kr> sat'h n.f. surface plane sat’h*

mftr'tafa* n.f. plateau sat’k-o

mus’lavi’ n.m. level ground flat plane
sat' fa adj. superficial trivial sat' fa

bat' n.f. (usu. pl.) triviality superficial
comment [A]

iyisat'r (col, sa’lar) n.f. (pl. jyb* sUtoor')

/ line ruling lineament row rank

JtS sat’r-bati i\ n.f. ruling [A]

„ Lptfa'vot n.f. majesty (tare)assaalt?(£
^r^jbSthaha'na sat' oat n.f. royal majesty [A}

^j^rfllwr' n.f. (pl. oT^n.f. *)

^ sa’&'dat n.f. good fortune felicity
toSym* auspiciousness X-*) U*sa'a' dai-mahd adj.
dutiful fortunate obedient <fX?j [**sa?a 'iot-

mah'di n.f. dutifulness obedience good
fortune [A]

-j^i / se‘a>i n.f. backbiting (A]

. sat'd adj. auspicious fortunate n.m.
J** felicity good fortune yfij»*sa”d-*

ak’bar MM. Jujiitcr d~j*Ssat doin' n.m. pl. Jupiter
and Venus jr^fj^sat'd-a nah's n.m. pl. theaus-
pious and the OfmitMusc^v^^ggira'n-is-sa’dain'
N.M. conjunction of Jupiter and Venus
meeting of two auspicious persons jm'sa'U. adj.
&. n.m. fortunate felicitous auspicious [A]

sa"y (col. sa’*i) n.f. effort attempt ;
is endeavour enterprise (rare) running
v/<r sat’y for’na v.t. try attempt
deavour strive so‘'y-eJa-ha'sil n.f.

vain attempt ; futile endemvourifc-'j <f*sa ‘ »

r* saqmoo'mjS n m. scammony ; dried

! C JT juice of ‘convolvulus skammonia,
|A»G]

^,-y saqanqooi ‘ h m. skink (A)

m suqool' N.M. fall; capitulation defeat
falling off [A]

saqim' adj. & n.m. (sec under n.m. ^fr)

saksr'ni v.T. accept (bill of exchange)
undertake responsibility j&saksr'
n.f: acceptance (of bill of exchange)

N.M. good times times of
economic prosperity times of cheap-

n.m. pl. residents ; inhabitants
n,m. rudder ; helm [A ~ sing. (/is]

> /iAi«ta”Sf n.m. scout<-$j&'sakd''uting n.m.

tTAnfinn fRI

****rj. scouting [E]
^j£/sa‘kot n.t. strength
of resistance

stamina power

sikat’tar n.m. (col.) secretary (jy^sikat’tari
n.f. secretary's office [~E coRR.]

"Cy sa k'tah n.m, a kind of swoon hardly
distinguishable from death ; deathswoon
consternation unmetrical L’lczPsak'tah

par' ns v.t. have unmetrical caesura ; be un-
metrical sak'lah ho' ns v.t. fall into death-

swoon^vUtS^wt'^A ts’rlho’na v.i. be struck
with consternation flo V'Z&sqk'te ks ‘s' lam n.m.
consternation [A~

sitk'r n.m. intoxication liquor ;
•“T alcoholic drink [A] |

. j'fSakarat' n.f. agony (of death)
strong fit (of fainting) oycsiP'sakara'fre
maul' n.f. last gasps agony of death

(A

. . */. sa'kar-ds'da n.m. paternal great grand-
father’s father

sU'karns v.i. shrink contract
tighten up _ shrival dwindle feel
chilly l%iZ6'SUk'ra (hu'a) (*■)& jZ^uik'rl
(hu'i) adj. shrink shrivelled contracted
thin ; lean

tnk’ng aux. v. can be able to

sik'ns v.i be toasted [ - C&]

tikatjahin' n.f. 0 freshly prepared lime
juice cordial 0 acid syrup (PJ
*ih«h'dar,'£6'iiskat‘dat n.m. Alexander
•Ar (SjX** stkefi dart adj. pertaining to Alex-
ander N.f. 0 tripping Up ©stumbling (af horse)

V iSi/jX^sikafi’dari kha’na v.t. tripup (of
horse) trimble [P ~ G]

t /jsa'kanah n.m. pl. residents; inhabitants
n.m. (col.) (usu. sak'nah) resident of [A-

SING, jj/is 1
^ /Csukoot' N.M.
silence (

reticence quietness ;
peace calm ; tranquillity

/.sako'rah n.m. earthen cup

^ / sakor'ns v.T. (same as l '%r v.T. if)

y sakool \ J/Sliskool' N.M. school
Qj> sakool' mtis'tar n.m. schoolmaster [E]

sukoon' n.m. state of rest respite
Cry motionlessness peace calm ; tran-
quil ity allevation ; end of restlessness [A]
m • /, sukoo'nat n.f. residence dwelling
sukoo'nal-paar' ho' ns V.t.
reside ; take* up residence (at or with) [A]

/ sik'kah n.m. coin coining die lead
nr idt.Jy sik'kah btihs'na v.t. establish
(one’s) prestige overawe brjng (a people
or country) under one’s rule L’U sik'kah bans' ns
v.t, coin money mint coins CfrJr sik'kah jams' ns
v.i. establish (one’s) prestige &y ^ sik'ka-zan
n.m. coiner; mint master r£'J*^ja l 'li sik'kah nm.
base, spurious or counterfeit coin
rs"ij‘ul-vaq't sik'kah n.m. airrent coin [A]

/. sikh, n.m. Sikh n.f, , Sikh

woman [ ~

/, sikh n.m. comfort ease easy cir-
0 cumstances solace relief happiness
affluence leisure peace of mind
tranquillity J]- nf'sikh-psl' n.f. (arch.) sedan
chair il^’sukk' pa ns v.i. know comfort
get relief sukh-ta’ Is n.m. inner soul tf-ejp'

sUkh-'-t&atn n.m. easy circumstances life of
ease leisure and pleasure n^J'J^iikk kf thkd'
N.F. sound sleep carefree sleep

sikh' ki mhd' so' ns v.i. have a carefree sleep
si’khl adj. & n.m. (one) living in easy cir-
cumstances (one) enjoying good relations
fyj&sU'khi raih'ns v.i. live in easy circum-
stances enjoy good relations adv. in
peace in comfort comfortably

.•.Cysukhs'ns v.t. dry up dehydrate
evaporate [~ Uif^CAUS.]

.* sikha'ns, CyJ'sikhJs'ns V.T. teach
vWr instruct tutor (witness) $uJ'sikV* n i
n.f. training teaching instruction ; for
schooling instructional charges { - CaffCAUt.)
.jjr* s s'khi n.f. (arch.) woman's female friend ,

companion

suker' n& v.t. shrink shrivel con*

iract gather up tighten [ ~t*i^cAi’S.J
f sa % W Mt (lit.) dogAi/i-t’rflf-f ba&'n n.m.
^^stray dog bash'- bira'dar-r

k hir'd ma-ba‘sh frov better be. a dog than a
younger brother [P]

s#. sa'ga, adj. (f. (pw'jl) born of th« same
parents full uterine sinrrre

l^sigar' n.m. cigar (j’JljJfcngir'’

Jw* kadi (or nosh'), sm. & adj. (one)

%jhp puffs at or smokes a cigar (f~j&

(f'j b ) sigar’-katH (or no'shl) puffing at
or molting a cigar [E]

n.f. betrothal VJ^tagaTl kar'rta
{jrr v.t. betroth affiance ljrJ&saga''l
ha'na v.t. be betrothed ; be affianced

n.f. name of a musical mode timed
for forenoon [8]

n.f. (arch.) perfunie ; fragrance [ -

^t/si'gpor adj. accomplished (girl) well-

versed in housekeeping blJbPsagkra'pa,
si'tfurt-p&n n.m. accomplishment export*

ness in housekeeping

JKil n.f. slab this used for grinding 4e*~Zr
W G£ny f a‘iu par sit rakk'na v.t. endure patiently
f Ldsil N.r. consumption ; pulmonary tubervulosis

* 1*1

salajtt' n.f. st ora x

f It/**^* H '*’ * * «'(riltiA).weap©n;imple-

{/•^tnent of wArXr^^sUak-baitd adj. armed
^th{ / .y , tU$A'-kh3'>iah, ^J^tas'le^A kha'nah mr.
anwnal ; armoury ^s^l^ula^dar n.m*. armourer
i*y? n.m. iron bar . spit

„ . sala'sat n.f. plain words simple
^■'‘j^style ; simplicity of

Mi'jit N.r. PL. chains (A- sino. J~*\

As solatia n.m. ft.. sovereigns monarch*:
C/2#^ kings fmprrors lA~siNq.nUH
.tsiam n.m. salutation
f 1*^ grmtng wislies regards
compliments good (esc.) peace
blessings; benediction ton*
eluding act of prayers tvr. fan well
(to) (.belter be rid
fktr'ts v.t. finish (one s) pr.i
psffim' N.M. dtsronne talk . innvci ration tyfi*

c/i jsalam dent (or l kaih'ntt) v.n wish • send
one's complijncms (to) (of officer) send for
(assistant) tala' mo 'atai'kUm (or -mo-) (col.

for sals’ min • alai'kim ) n.m. good morning (etc.)
M.. peace be with you tjfissatari ksrr’a a v.t.

salute wish ; greet quit . get rid otOfo*
rat am' te'na v'.i. return salutatinn (of) tyf'IP'satam
ho'na v.t; be better rid of ^fllsratam' hot int.

1 am better rid of you (etc.) (iron.) what a
wonderful person (A)

_ m . sola' mat adj, A adv. safe surviving
(flcsUssala'inat-ra'a- n.f. good con-
duct moderate wky of life CS^stf^salft#
sala'mat adj. & adv. safe and sound $%'sali‘matt-
n.f. safety security well-being health
good health fir tf'tf'gr'sata' mall ka jam pi ’tm

v.t. drink to the health (of) ; drink a health ;
toast [A]

n.f. guard of honour presents-
Cation of arms salute of guns present
made to bride, etc. present madfe to landlord
for lease (m construction work) slope ( ~ A
!

*• i» ,ri/a”t n.f. seam stitching stitch-
D^ing charges needlework ( ~ CJK* tj']
<,j.»/s"lNt 'knitting needle appliance
l)*^ for the staining eyes with col lyrtum ; stain-
inf needle l>* t efilk y (j£ ( jj*iJ'(atikk*i m*4) nfri
/Arr' is' na v.t. blind (the eyes)

4 m .sjSita'na v.t. cause to tew gel siitrhnl

"V * |«- UtfCAUS.)

I*. sHla'na v.t. putto sleep lull to sleep
kill ; murder { - Cr*c a«'*.|

• jsal'b n.m. sci/un uking away
divesting ; taking awaj negation
(logic) negative argument Ct/l^sal'b kar It'na
v.t. divest (someone) of power, etc. (A)
l^ri'fejdus.r. (ssnrf as^x.r. f)

^ j.\u(jha'ita. v.i. solve (problem) settle
(,'(^7 (dispute, etc.) unrevel disentangle
teach manners make cultured sl^sUtjha''o
n.m..' unravelling disentanglement sola*
tion (of problem ) settlement (of- dispute)
manners culture OC'rW lajkaa v.l. Want
manners become cultured be unravelled
be disentangled (of problem) be solved
(of dispute) be settled

Xisi tahHM. weapon pf war .armow
1/ sF%£*i’lak.pv\h' , adj. nr-

niourcd n.m. soldier (A)
yssartb *. m. last day of lunar m onth (A)

UjJSftt'Us-iit-bMtl' n.m. morbid copiousness of

W' urine fAJ

tj^lSsahabW n.f name or a heavenly spring or
Um* stream f A.1

Um* stream [A]

.* sal sal&'na v.t. &. i . have a creeping
sensation tingle itch titiHation
sal sola' hat n.f. creeping sensation

tingle itch titiHation
it / si'lsilah n.m. (pl. iJ—^si'lsila-ha') series
link succession arrangement
class ; category connexion saintly line
(PL. J^U^sala'sU) chains fr^fJ^si'Isila-juttiba'iii
N-f. setting the ball rolling cutting Ule ice
O&^si 'Isilah mkal'tla v.l. begin be the

means of j 'Isila-var adj. consecutive
serial ; serially arranged serialized link-
cd together (A)

n.m. (pl. talaftn') sovereign;
monarch ; ruler emperor (rare)

authority Hb^sulta'Tiah n.f. queen empress

Jik ysUltahi adj. princely royal , regal
n.f sovereignty empire dominion
authority jjtftl&'sUlla'ni-e jumhear' n.f.

people's government sovereignty of the
|>coples tt/^^sulta W guiat’ n u, down wit-
ness , approver n.f. realm
dominion kingdom empire (A)

,■*«'/«/ n.m. ancient people

predecessors ancestors , adj. old ;
ancient former ; poet ; preceding [A]
n.m. (adjunct for ^sau’da n.m.

^ •! f , 1/saH’f-gaurmiitf n.f. selfgovem-
inent local selfgovemment [E]
ul’fah, &*siirfa n.m. hemp e xtract (smoked
as drug) tobacco enough for one smoke in
'hookah* & pt’na v. i smoke hemp ex-

»wt' ifJJ^siil’fahku'ud V. i. be destroyed

come to uought

n.f. silk (EJ

* X , »//'/. N.f. (rare) thread (fola-sil’ki n.m. &
A ,,| . wirete s» (A j'

.g^/rM'/ugsru v.i. burn without smoke or
(lame kindle l&'sAfgu'na v.t. light
la fire) kindle stir (trouble)

J^sa'tum N.vt. advance payme.nt
| sa'lani n.f. sale agreement by advance pav-

meut IA|

Lystd’muh N.m. tiny tmlnnidciy spniig tj&J*
e yatmuh sties' i ah *:M. tiny springs and
spangles embroidery with it

iL^sal'nia n,f. a female name this as a
4? token name for beloved in verse, etc.

jal'»5 v.i. be pierced be bored [ ~uU)

•. n/'na.I'VfcKd ja‘na v t be sewn be
•T stitched f ij^siha'na v.t cause to sew
get stitched £j!»Ksifoa'’s n.f. remuneration for
sewing ; stitching charges ( ~ t*^]

^j^uAo’uni n.m. veterinary surgeon

J» j.ji/'wt n.f. crease foldt^fait^r (7 'tit
^jpa\na\.\. not to be smooth crease
dal'na v.l. cause to crease
/IjSUlook’ n.m. behaviour treatment
Oj kindness civility good terms good
turn mystic initiation i>/ uS-*Jj*sulook‘ si
raih'na v.t. have cordial relations be at
peace with be on good terms vJ’Jjp' sisluok'
kar'na v.t treat kindly do good turn
(to) (A)

>y. , . sa'lola id * m. celluloid [El

Jifvr

salo ns adj. salted dark complex ioned
Djr but attractive charming (beauty) n.m.
savoury salt dish Qj'sato'ui adj. seasoned
coniplexioned but attractive n f brunette
. sdl’ita n. m quail (only in) ^ ^ : ^ man tt-<-
ijT Ml’id n.m. manna and quail heavenly
gift easily obtaired food [AJ
Joe' sal'haj, sa'luj n.f. brother-in-law's wife
P sister-in-law [ ~ j

L/sil’lt n.f. hone grain and chaff tin
y threshing floor before winnowing
^/sali’par n.m. slipper [E*

Sx*

, issuin’ n.f. slate [EJ

jL/uihi ' adj. easy to understand plain
4/3- (words) simple (style)

•ri^isali’ifah n.m. house-keeping drill obser-
'•« vance of rules of etiquette good manners
dexterity nice arrangement -good taste
j^Jn^sali’qa-die ‘dr', X'Joi'sali'qa-malid (rare
jijjSf'sali'ftrdar’) adj. good house-keeper
well mannered skilful cultured Jj&fM

salt' qa-skrd’ri qa- ali’ ga-
ll a' it N. f. (same as it)

<;Am' adj. perfect healthy . right

| •* - Adj. right-minded

affable dahl jottta n.m. old type

embroidered slim: with painted foe [A -
If* sum n.m. poison : venom ; bane>t b^um'm^il-
j fir’ n m. arsenic ^ffsammi/yat n.f. poison

38 +

L

poisonous nature banefulness [A]

'Jtrfiam’-tal'

st darns’ t ph. not out

WHjuvauusvw 1*^1

rj^san n.m. tunc of music fjCjfsam'-tal' time of
| music ‘7!*Z-i)C( f sam'-Utl’

of gear

sum n.m. hoof

f

^ sa'ma h.m. (same as Jit's. u. ir)

soma' h.m. (pL.&blt'smaoat’) sky ; the
heavens , firmament (fjif’sama'vi adj.
celestial heavenly (fjlf'&lifafa't.e sama'iA n.f.
«*l. calamities acts of God [AJ
r ys sanaj n.m. (dial r.) society (f.it'sama'jt adj.

social JjfUif’.lr' sama'jl bura’iyaitN.r. social
evils [S]

jSamn'jat n.f, adulation not
•* sama'jat n.f. imploration and adulation
sama'jat kar'na v.x.

(entreat and) adulate [A]
y^^.sama'hal n.f. generosity [A]

i. samadb'. sama'dbi n.f tomb

Jp } » where (someone's) ashes are buried 1
tomb of a Hindu saint buried alive at own
request f$]

m ^jsama'din n.f. (dial.) mystif eonicmpla-
02" tion (same az* 3 lf'it)C& ( plr'sawa: dki
taga'na v.t. (dial.) (of Hindu ascetic) be absorb-
ed in contemplation [S]

&- tjSama'’ n.m. music listening in to
W* music , audition ^JCfjtaj'd-e smith 1 ' . n.m.
ecstacy caused by music n.f

sense of hearing ; audition listening hear-
ing (of a case) date, of hearing ty&f'k'sriina’'m
kar‘ tin v.i, hear a case ; try a suit J'i^saoia^t
ao|. (grain.) irregular (formation) tradi-
tional based pn hearsay

£l^>amaq h.m. porphyry (A)

O sa'ma. (dial c£ I a’mt NM.

L / * weather conditions; weather atmos-
phere ecstatic Sta*« tfJiJtt'saman bandbua

v.t. create • delteCuble atmosphere

enrapture

,.j, soma na. ClrOsoma ja‘ *& v.i. beaccomo-
v * dated (id) disappear (in) become a
pari (of) possess ; obsess die %{Ssamit"
n.f. accommodation (for) access (to}
samavat" n . m . ( pc . of if h.m . - ★>

, , , namatar’ n.m. samovar F - 111

jblr

smavi AD J- l*** “nder if n.m. if)

i ) ^

.. -ysam't (coll. - sim’/',
i*** sarri t-Ur-ras' n.f. Zenith (A)

sama"l n.f. (see under iVv.i <A)
direction

N.F

„ Ssammat, Cftombal n f. (dial.) Hindu era
rsi

IS]

b^isi’ma)na

VS

v.i. draw close together
contract gather rejoin eoiiceturats

(of work) end ; get finished
*>> sa’majh n.f. commonsensc under
Jf* standing comprehension discernment
(one’s) lights diseretion St S’ ’ sa’majk . a'n,t
v.i. grow to years of direction become
sensible drjtjfT'sa'mjh boojb’ n.f. common-
sense understanding sa'majb pm

pat'thar pat'na v i. be an arrant fool be too
stubborn to realize the exigency of the situation
t*U Ssa majh ja'na vu. understand mend
one’s ways jIjS ia'mqjt~d&r' adj sensible

intelligent y^/^sa'majb kafitr’ n.m. folly
stupidity perverse understanding
sa'majb. ke adv sensibly ; intelligently OS'
sa'majb le'na v.i. understand well l‘l 'j^S'sa'majb
men &'va v.i. (of someone) understand be-
come clear (to) vSsa'majhna v.i. understand

comprehend think ; consider deem

believe , suppose take a less an from others or
something (UFf^s-sr samajb'na ) take a revenge

from ; teach (someone) a lesson SH srn’jbe i.vr.

do you see the point or game ? have you
learnt a lesson now itSsamjba'na v.i. make
(something) clear (to) advise explain

teach ; instruct drive home (to) convince
account for ; satisfy warn admonish
tutor (witness) V 0\lla£~samjha na b~jkatia v.T.

advise admonish appeas IjS'samjhau'ta,
ZjS' samjbau'tah n.m. compromise under-
standing (between) pact alliance
m ■iam'dbx n.m. father-in-law (of someone’s)
0S* child ^ijpjfsamdkijanak n.m. family or

house of parents-in-law (of someone’s child)
cfjfinm'dhnn n.f. mother-in-law (of someone’s
child

tam rati n.f. (dial.) meditation
as a genre of Hindu literature [Sj
tdm’ran n.f. (dial.) rosary [SJ

this

sim sim n.m. (rare) sesame ; sesamum
charm word f*'( J xrkhil' sim' sim ph.
open sesame {A}

,k

f sam!' nm* hearing

kharash’ ADJ. boring n.U. bore sani’-- j>

cMjrirfZ?, saw. -

ljiars'shi n.f. jarmtg on the car boring
(flOjSf mm" nava'zi n.f. conveying sweet sounds
sa' mak n.f. (sign of Zodiac) Pfsccs

(pl. L fir'iasmak'\ fish [A]

I v sa'mnn n.m. corpulence [A]

& ^ .

y jg* so.' man w.f. Jassaminc jll u /'sa'man-ah&d',

y sa'man-zar n.m. Jassamine garden

sa'manbar adj. & n.m. (sweetheart) with a
lovely figure [P]

fjf'sa’man n.m. SuinmoflflJ

t ySamafid' n.m. steed ; courser thorough-
bred horse jffiVj&'samait'd-t naz’ ko

tazija'nah ko'na PH. be an occasion* for further
diligence

j^ssamah' dar n-M. salamander

. ,*/ samuh'dar (dial, samafidar) n.m. sea
ocean fJ^jj^samufi' dar-phal n.m. a medi-
cine samiii' darjhag n.m. cuttle-bone;

cuttle-fish bone jlfiC^samuii'dar-kkar n. m. arsenic
tamo' (fra adv. (gulp down) the whole of

^^jSamahk' n.f. wheat pith starch

£* samoor' (ped. sammoor") n.m. sableskin
sable ; marten (A)

wmo'sa, ! a mo's ah., (arch, ^yfsambo'sak)

s n.m. saltish triangular pie hemmed
triangular piece of cloth

samoom' n.p. simoom fA~ t*

t,yS tamo'na v.t. (used as meti samo'ni z)

\»JT mix hot water with cold water make
(water) luke warm moderate mix adulte-
rate

^jp' samel', (or samait) adv. along with ; to-
** gether with including ; inclusive of
g ^ sammiy'jat n.f. (see under ^ sain if)

samet'na. v.t. rollup wrap up
gather finish (work) amass (wealth)
jfLi/tf’Jbf'samet' samst kar adv. having
gathered having amassed [ -lid/')

|/' a " < also er&pat'-san) n.m. jute

n.m. year jljtfsan'-var adj. & adv
year-wise [ - A^corr.]

..f snri NF whiz rustic crack (of whip)
Vr A.gf \an' u ADV. with a whiz t* a „ •
stji hojuna v.i be struck dmnbt Vf y> ^

»c ni kal /< 3 //« v i. pass quickly (ono.J

' n.m. (pu (pip's iriln ) age (rare) tooth
W fr£(jp'sin'n-e buloo$\', l £fyjj'sin n-c beloo'ghal
n.m. maturity ; puberty s\ri n-e tamiz'ij^p'

sin'n-e sho'oor' n.m. years of discretion ; maturity
sin-rasi’dah. adj. advanced in years ; elder
ly ; ^sin (n)-o-sal' n.m. age ; years sj'fkam-
sin adj. 'young • juvenile raw ; inexperi-
enced [A]

jSiiri adj. & adv. numb ; benumbed
w struck • dumb I'lfjfcT'sun' ho ja’va v.t. be
benumbed

^t^sana k.f. senna ; ‘cassia senn’

sana' tan dhar'm adj. (dial.) eternal
w religion (as name of orthodox Hindu
faith) [S]

sanna'ta N.m. pindrop silence awesome
vw stillness howling wilderness consterna-
tion shock ; stunning blow howling (of
storm) violent gust ; blast (of wind)e^.-g , ,0'
ty/sannate se ba'rasna v.i. rain cats and dogs
L jfl£dH>sannate mefi a (or raih') ja'na v
be struck with consteration
, , sunar' n.m. goldsmith this as a caste
J A.*£-i5-u 3 j>\ d d5S(fj l> sunar' k i kutkali aur

dar'zi be bafid' pro vj excuses put up for delay
^j^sina'ran n . f . goldsmith’s wife any
woman of this caste

• .sin an' U&sinati n.f. {pv.^iasin'nafr) spear-
C^head [A]

.*< » suna'na v.t. tell relate imorm.
vl*' read out (to) say or repeat (lesson)
announce ; proclaim cause (someone) to hear
rail at carpet speak sternly (to)
give a curtain lecture ek’ ki das'

suna'na pH. give tit for tatj/l>rfln<i'’eni n.f. news
of (someone’s) deathl’lx#/U<rSn3'’<Mti sHna'na V.T,
give news of (someone’s) death (to)
iL/sum'bul n.m. hyacinth ; spikenard ; valerian
4/» khata’i n.m. angelica
if^i^sum'bul-e hiil'df n.m. hyacinth : spikenard;
valerian [P]

i l^sum'bulak n.m. (sign of the Zodiac) Virgo
ear of com) [A]

Jy sambo’ sah. (same fk)

• sHm'hak n-m. spike iron bar

l^sam'bhal n.m. (same as n.m. ★)

(JK

, , sat' bhalnax,i. steady; befirm rt-

cover from a fall recover no Ipnger
go aslu.yOlu^'iati'bharna v.t. suopon

386

1 t-**'

holdup control keep- safe

J’) adv carefully ; cautiously iil*t'satbka'la n.m.

support apparent recovery from illness on
eve of death lsj iHjf^safibhala le'na v.i. recover
thus recoup 0*^ i2-\afcakbka'le na safi'bhalna
V.I. be out of control ; be in a miserable condi-
tion

, ( ’IjSatpo'liyZt^.u. (same as UjS'n.M. see under

★)

. satit n.h. (dial.) saint ; Hindu ascetic [E]

» sHn'nat h . f . {yi.^su’nan) tradition (s)

practice of the Holy Prophet religious
rite ordained by the Holy Prophet
practice # (of).; way (of) circcumcision
(fjlj. I sUrinut-e ibrahl'ml n.f. Abrahams
practice (Jyb^S'sin'nat-e rosool jJj^iS^sun-nat-c
na'batil n.f. the Holy Prophet’s practice
■ih'l-us siinnah, ‘dJ'lrj h I ah'l-us sun'nat-e
ual-jama'ah, £S'i)' l lqih’l-e sMn'nat n.m. pl . (col.
sing .) orthodox Muslim (s) (as people following
of the Holy Prophet’s practice and commanding
a majority) ilA^siin'nat kara'ns v.i. get circum-
cised ijtzj^suri nat kar'na v . t . circumcise
^ ^ not par *a mal' kar'nii v i. act according
to the Holy Prophet’s practice [A]

^+jysan' tarah, tj&'safig' tarah n.m.' tangerine

.san'tan n.m. sentinel ; sentry [E]

^ saititaT' M.ii. centre dp'saiiit'ral adj. central
ttrVr' sa >bt’raljei n.m. f. central jail [El

' ruiz,/.' „ „ ; r .

^.safijsb

vr t A i

m.f. ermine its fur ; ermine

• 4 j *-»rify'a/' m.f ; hem borde

lace fringet^ol^rh jaf ,

border broad
siijaf laga’na v.t.

tack lace on (to)

'sat jog' n.m. good chance matri-
monial match suitable connexion

union meeting ; association Vj'ujh'sasjog'
kar'na v . t . join or unite (with) ClP JjPF'saijog'
mils' na v.t. unite (friends, etc.) Jf'satjo'gt n.m.
non-celibate Hindu ascetic IA]

.tpr'sanjh.'ls adj.. & mt. the third of four
brothers gf? >anjk'li adj. & x.f. the third
ol four sisters

*ssatji'dah adj. cultured serious weighty
grave • solemn fijg'saiji'dagl „.f,
solemnity seriousness gravity [P]

< tLs riftfija'’! n.f. act of irrigating re-
Jf muneration for it [ ~
sa'nad h . f . (pl Sfriasnad') degree ; diploma
certificate testimonial credential

proof reason authority grant deed
(fj iyjlf'jSsa'nad-e kar-guza’ri n.f. certificate of
meritorious services tfLvUtssa’nad-e mo'a'fi m.f.
rent free grant sa’nad-yaj ' tak ADJ. quali-
fied certified accerdited [A]

.( . sindan' jh^sifidaii'H.T. anvil [P]

s <*fid'-bad n.f. Sinbad the sailor (A~PJ

svt'dar adj. (dial.) beautiful ^A^ruft'rfarta
JJr n.f. beauty tf-'js'siHi'dari n.f. pretty wo-
man [S]

^^sut'dusM.ts. broeade [A]

, sat, d' la n.m. a kind of masonic plaster

ij^saitd'la pher’na (or kar'na) v.t.
plaster (wall, etc.)

t.sifidoor n.m. (same as/*ACN.M. ★)

sitidk n.m. Sind Indus adj.

n.m. of Sind n.f. Sindhi language
. . sat'dhiya n.f. (dial.) evening Hindis

U 2 ^ vaspers

. . safide'sa, {/jd/sdhdts' ,*^;£*'satide , sak n.m.
t^-A^(dial.) message k
jp m saftds adj. stout L&'i&safi'da mis tat' da,
LtS Jb£-*Jbs saif mnstahd' adj. well-developed ;
fat ; plump ; stout

satidas' n.m. upper-storey latrine with
t/JA^excrenient falling on ground-floor ex-
crement sink

[ yi^‘, sa bda'sf N.F.. pincers (for holding ho*
^vessel)

sih'diket nj. syndicate [E]

. . sansar' n.m. (dial.) world [S]

. . • jHiuan' adj. uninhabited desolate
ky "^dreary and quiet howling (wilderness)

I ^saiti'sar n.m ceasor >^^ y sait’sar-ship n.f.

censorship [Ej

saiu' kr it adj. Sanskrit n.f. the sacred

and classical language of the Hindus
Qj&'sats'Jtrili n.f. (dial.) culture : civiliza-
tion (S)

... * i,s ant ana v a v.i. feel a tingling sensation

v when is about to faint ; tingle collapse
siriMhcr *i^L^sansarta'hat n.f tingle tingling
sensation rustle simmer bin (f^san'sam
n.f. stir ^sensation tingle ; tingling sensa-
tion I'tkJdjr^san'sam phaila'ta v.t. create a stir; •
cause a sensation J^Jr*san’sani-Jcheg adj. (col.)
sensational

*

<r"

n.f. pincers

.'j^urisan I N.F. (see under
0 v.t. *)

ij sa'nak N.F. eccentricity craze a naki
“^adj. crazy eccentric (rare) tipsy
si'nakna v.t blow (one’s nose)

sa'naktti v.i. (of breeze) begin to blow

sgnak’ko n.f woman in the habit of caves-
■* dropping

jCy strhkk n.m conch-shell adj. one trillion

il£jr safikk baja'na v.i. blow a shell
• safi'kktm n.f (dial.) tall sexy blonde

saft'khiya n.f. arsenic

, 4/ satig n.m. stone ^ ah' g amadyOy
sakh't a'mad ph. calamitous ^ndecd fc( l^iw& /
sah'g-e Utah ' n.M. doorsill iJctJii—^rsah'g-e ahnn-
rflia' n.m. magnet>*7i r £'.jtfrt'£-f as'uud n.m. the
Holy Black Stone (of K.a'ab&)lfjl£'saitg-ba'i'i
n.f. pelting with stones; brick-batting
sah'g-t buny ad' n.f. foundation-stone Cp
rtth'g-e bunyad' rakk'na v.i. lay the foundation-
s l on t (of) >^*£*&satlg' -pusht' n-m. turtle ; turtoise
l-'Jjl&'safig-tartish’ n.m. sculptor lapidary
{jf IJm* sahg-tora’ shi n.f. sculpture stone
cutting ^f^S’safi'g-f jira'hat n.m v soap-stone
l ul*t~(Z'Sa1i'g-e kha'ra n.m. flint so fig' -khar'
n.m a falcon-like bird of prey ^ijL-mtg-da nali
n.f. gizzard satig'-dil adj. callous ; hard
hearted cruel ; merciless (jj£i*safig*di'li n.f.

callousness; hard-heartedness cruclty/i/i_^(>
ia/t'p-c rah' n.f. snag ; hindrance , obstruct ion
9?J*'saiig-Tt‘zah n.m. pebble ji+J^satg-sar' adj.
stoned to death VPjLp^saftg-sar’ kar'na v.t.
stone to death ; lapidate j\JP saftg-saz n.m- one
who corrections on the lithographic stone l/CV\
sah'g-r sut'kh n.m. red stone , granite
sah'g~t sur'mah n.m. antimony tflPZ*£'safi'g-f
sulatmi'rA n.m. onyx sah’ g-e samaq n.m.

porphyry £ &*sahg-lakh' adj rocky (land)
t’Jtm&'salt'g-t g&r'dah n.m. kidney stone
sah'g-e lar'zah n.m- tremulous %\onc frjtjfcssatig-e
lauh' n.m tomb stone ^V^usah’g-e masanah n.m.
calculus /yiJ&iahg-e mar’ mar n.m. marble
rafig-e mil' n.m. mile stone (fig.) landmark
(jr^L^sahg-t maqnatis n.m loadstone
toh'g-t rtrtan n m. road sign landmark
n*>f iw'rt n.m. blackstonet-^w^

sah'g-e y a’ shab n.m. jasper sahgin' n.f. bayo-

net adj. of stone ; stone heavy (punish-
ment) heinous (crime) hard (p^tangini
n.f. - heaviness heinousnrss hardness
solidity [P]

* if saiig adv. the company (of) n.m. coro-
pany (also ) (dial.) party JP'J'.
jan’ sahgh n.m. (name of a strongly anti-Muslim)
Hindu people’s party (of India )J*Jptah’gai m f
company accompanists f /^J^tph got
kar'na v.i. bear (someone) company go
along with sah'gi (rare (f^'sah'gaft) n m
friend companion J* U t ^ sail gt sa tin n.m.
rompamon(s) comrade(s) j£^tthgar ,
stfigkar' n . m . make-up , loilei decoration
sihgar'-ddn n.m. loilei , dressing case
1 tJ'j&'srhgar' kar’na v.t. do one's make-up j&fc'
sthgar -mez n.f. dressing rat' -jingo,'

n.m. Pi- (see under li'U'ADj. & n.m
fo'lah sthgar' n . m . pi ., sixteen
appliances of Hindu woman’s
toilet ^

fc. sati' gat n.f (see under*-(>

t^ADV. i()

^ fty sahg'tarah n-m- (same

as op* n.m. ★) %

•* Jly sah'gati. n-m- (see under "*

4T '«-&*>

Kp sift' garni v.i. be adorned

. d/ safigraih'ni, Jip'sahgri'ni
N.F. chronic dvsenirv
soft' gam, salt' gh am n.m

m

P\

confluence

(of rivers) (dial, (junction (of planets)
-

meeting ; union [ - <-*»')

ingk n.m. (sign of Zodiac) Leo
as appendage to Sikh or rare,
male names)

> gssilr&ia'Ta n.m.
tjtdr water chestnut
water plant yielding this
and water lily anything
triangular name of a species of fish
sitigha'san n.m (dial.) throne

sitfigha'na v.t. cause tft smell

Sp

(, minister olifactonly ( 'caul]

• ft, sahgva'na v.t get (things) properly
lljr arranged get sorted take pot*,
seston of

strftg i n.m (sec under <!a> auv. ft)

jfj^sanglt’ kl.m. dance to the accompani.
ment of song and music this as *rj

388

concert >

jfefSafigtri adj., (flT* sahgi'ni n.f. (see under

(zftz N.M. ★)

r, su'nan n.f. pi., (sing, w^.s Un'nal n.f. if)

cr

* • ■ s'an'na V.T. & I. hear listen (to)
listen in attend (to) be carpeted ; be
taken to task ; face the music learn ; come
to know hear pupil repeat lesson ; give oral
test (to pupil) on earlier lesson provide relief
or redress (to) listen to (someone's) word of

advice fj’tf'siiri gin n.f. inkling Ihjij'stin' gin
pd'na v.i, get on inkling (of) sa'im adj. &
N.M. (f. (f'^su'ni) (something) heard
su'ni an-sii'ni kar de'na v.i. turn a deaf car to
J su'ni suna'i \.f. hearsay

ek ‘ kaih’na na das’ suidnn v.i. not to provoke into
harsh rejoinder

t. Jy sati vat' na v.i do one's make-up

adorn oneself be adorned be set
right be streamlined 1> ban nd saii'var'na
v.t. do one's make-up adorn onesclfabV
sanvdr’ n.f. (dial.) curse; chastisement
lit'jke khudii ki sah'i’ar' int. May God chastise
vou Vjly'safi’veir'na v.t. adorn , decorates
embellish arrange adjust set right
streamline chastise

• san n.m. year era jJ'jy san'n-e

^ bik’rami n.m. Hindu era (beginning
^ikramajit's accession in 52 B C.) , Bik'rami
era f/^ysan'n-e juloos' n.m. year of (someone's)
accession to throne tfjyfd-'sann-e Usavt n.m.
Christian era : A.C . (fjfifssan-e hij’ri n.m.
Hijri era ; the Muslim lunar era beginning the
Holy Prophet’s exodus to Medina in 622 A.C. [A]
• f sunaik’rs, adj. (f. (j/r'sunaitiri) golden
JA gilded ; gilt
V sS’ni adj. & n.m. (see under

*y sUn'm n.m. orthodox Muslim adj. ortho-
W dox (Muslim) s un'n\

na shVah joji’ met a’ya kdya "prov. neither a
Catholic nor a Protestant, he is an eclectic to
)us own advantage

• sdnyas' (ped, santi'yas ) n.m. (dial.) Hindu
•d asceticism (fO^sanyasi n.m. (dial.)
Hindu ascetic (S]

•p/ satft'djar n.m, (dial.) Saturn (also
fj* jlj^dt*sani'(har-vaT') Saturday [S]

sine' niii (or si'nama) n.m. cinema ; picture-

house (£]

dy finin' n.m. pi. year eras ; epochs
[A -sing. ->' ] ^

too adj. evil; vicious y^X? ulama'-r soo
/ n.m. pl. vicious savants ; scholars with an
axe to grind^x^t* , I idZsoo'-e itlifaq' se adv. un-
tonunately ^J£.ysoo-e a' dab n.m. impudence &&£■
sad -e z.an' n.m. unwarranted suspicion
soo'-e haz'm n.m. indigestion [A]

, soo n.f. direction side yiysoo ba-sod
' adv. all round ; on every side ; in all
directions ^ysod't adv. towards ; in the direr*
tion of [P]

j sau adj. hundred adv. howevermuch
^ /*' l>i> x J^l'<~X\ L £<j¥y'sau nak'lofi mefi

ek nak vd'ld nak’koo prov. fools would
ridicule a wise individual in their com-
pany ; evil companions bring much woeijiy
sa'vah adj. hund red th tS ,£ ( jj\y'saie balofi ki
ek' bal’ ph. very reasonable poinj (or proposition)
sau bis've adj. surely ; certainly ; in all
probability ^Ztflrysau jan' se adv. with all one's
heart din ctor' ke ek' din

sddk' ha proV.'* the thief is ultimately caught
Id lt£ (Jtyysad sau bal' kka'na v.i. fret and fume
l fjld<~dl ( £j{yy sau ' sunar' ki ek lohar' ki prov
mighty person’s is something to be afraid of
tf/yysau' sau kos’ adv. far and wide out
of the reach (of )0£X\jjlj}*ysau stya'ne aur ek
mad ph. wise man til ways agreeffy^/j^iffysau
‘ ilaj ' ek pathez! prov. prevention is* better than
cure £jy<£-y sau ke savd'e adj. a hundred and
twenty-five per centi&<_/ft o'^diysau ma're au r
ek na gi'ne ph. beating harshly

. so conj. so ; hence ; therefore adv.

' accordingly thereupon prov. that ;
he (or she or it) thy ; they
. sa'va adj. one-and-a quarter quarter
•y again Ijfc iij(0Ssa'va gaz ki zaban' Jio'na
v.i. be foul-mouthed be TudeClfLsliU^y
sa'va nai'ze par etftdb' dja'na PH. be very hot

(of doomsday) arrive biysava'ya adj. (r.^iy
sava'i) quarter again

sit a adj. & adv. more (£~)lfiCke siva'(e')
XT prep. except ; save besides with-
out conj. in addition to [AJ

. su'd n.m. large needle; packing needle

^ (~f.

. . sd'a n.m. fennel

jy

*y. savdbiq n.m- PL- precedents the
preceding ones (rare) prefixes adj.
(with pl. n.) earlier ancient (A ~ siNC^t*']

389

JV

d'y

j sava'hil n.m. pl shores ; coasts (A-
(J 1/ SING. J*V]

i_, savad' n.m. blackness blackspot (on

VT heart) outskirts (of town) environs
(of a place) intelligence skill aptitude
knowledge , lysava 'd-e a'"zam n.m. the
majority (of) jty*b~be~sauad’ adj. ignorant
unintelligent be-savad'i n.f. ignorance

kam-savad' adj. not well-educated iSs^C
kam-sava'di n.f. lack of deep knowledge [A]

I j savar' (cal. jlyt Osyas’) adj. (one) rid-

J's ing anywhere mounted on (horse-

back) in train, bus, car, etc.) N.m. one riding
anywhere trooper ; cavalry man horseman
Izfjlysavar ho'na v.t. ride mount get

(into) travel (by) Vj’cCjpiy’j^panch’vefi
sava'roft meh ho'na Pit. be a braggart be a fool
among knights (fjlysapa'rl n.f. (col. (fjtyiasoa'ri)
conveyance one travelling by a conveyance
riding 1 ‘fifjly'sara’ri kar'na v.t. ride
practise [P]

, so'al’ (col. sasnl') question issue

problem query arithmetical sum

request purpose tjIrijL/^l/C'jyso' a l az
as' matt java' b at rls'man ph. inapt reply
saval' pax da ho'na v.i. (of question) arise
saxal' javab' n.m. question and answer 1 iy jjr^
so' a' lan java’ ban adv. in question-and-answer
form lCA~>ljr(j!y'saoal' javab' kar'na v.i. dis-
cuss remonstrate I saval' ha!' kar'na

v.i. do a sum solve a problem l i/'jlysavaV
kar'na v.t. question ask a question ask;
request : beg JP) a' l-e dr' gar java'b-t

dtgar, saval' ku^th. javab' kucjth ph.

inapt reply* evasive reply Jlysava'li nm-
beggar [A]

sava'mi (or so' a’ mi) n.m. (dial.) hus-
band lord head of Hindu religious
order [S]

sava'neh n.m. biography (life) story
pl. incidents accidents Cttg&y
sava'nth-e hayai\ n.m. pl. life history (of) n.f.
biography J&' £{y sava' nefy-nigar' n.m. biographer
iS^ Zlysavunfk ‘ura'rl n.f. biography [A ~

SING. Jf\J\

. Sdiig (pcd. so'atig') n.m; (same as^

‘•'Vtru.M. ★)

* * . siva’nah n.m. village or field boundary :

Vv bourne

I j j sam'ya adj. (f. jurats' ’f) (see under Iy
'sa’va adj. dr)

^ SOOp N-M. SOUp (EJ

JIS

jSop N.M soap fE]

*5^ - / /

„ . saut (rare tfysaulati), ( oy saufc), tfy

sau’kan h.f. co-wife sedond (etc.)
wife \Zhy‘S Cty 1 saul' par taut' aur jala'pa
prov. a third co-wife is worse than the seecnd
for the first one L'Llflf(g2ZCll l/C/ysau l ' ka Iona
jl’itjikajala'na prov. husband’s remarriage is
most heart-rending to the first wife ejlfysautya'-
dah, t \)l?y , sau' liya'dah\ Ifytauta'pa n.m. heart-
burning caused by co-wife

soot n.m. yam walk on foot plum ? -
-sy line one small rule one-sixteenth of
‘tas'soo’ na kapas '

j aula he (or ko’k) se lat’ikam layika prov~ un-
justified dispute "(jy'soo'ti adj. cotton l//(}y
soo'tt kap'ra n.m. cotton cloth ; cotton
yj so'ta n.m., tS-ysot N.f. spring foun-
tainhead \sjtf&>yso'tt phoot'na v.i. well
(of fountain heads) appear

tv

«P

„ soot'na v.t. (same as b*‘yv.T. jt)

l>y

* soo'ti adj. (see under <ZZsy soot n.m. dr)

. •» saute' la (rare. ifJysauke'la), Jcy saute' li

(rare. J^ysauke’li) adj. step (mother,
etc,) half (brother, etc.) c^jif ?y saute' la bap
N.f. stepfather $ Uet&y saute' la bhal'i n.m. step-
brother ^yysautt’lf bai'han n m: step-sister
ijl, yy saute' H mail n.f. stepmother
u roof n.m, suit [E]

wzy .

. sooj'na v.i. be swollen ; be infiamed l ?yj*
yy mufih sooj'na look sulky tfysoo jan n.f
swelling inflammation

. soojk'na v.i. be seen ; be visible
yfy be endowed with sense of sight be
perceive strike (someone) ; come to (some-
one’s) mind jrysoojh. n.f. understanding
perception JTjyysoojh.' boojk n.f. common-
sense understanding intelligence
/ytj soo'ji n.f. granulated wheat flour ; butter
of wheat ; .fines ; wheat fine
rofft n.f. (see under Ijyv. i. ■*)

&y

savich' n.m. switch [E]

/&y

** sodh'na v.i. think reflect mediate
fey believe consider ponder con-
ceive imagine opine ; be of opinion (that)
muse &ysO(k n.f. thought ; reflection ;
attention ; regard ; anxiety ; consideration ;
meditation ; reverie ; imagination ; idea ; notice
jiy$,yso(ji' -bitjiar' nm. consideration

390

521

yy

taw worry ui&r'sotfi
buried In thought be

thought; thinking
mth raih'na v.i.
worried

«• j soo&na v.T. lave (private parts after
stools)

~ *. sokht NvF. burning ; incineration

(rare) revoke (at cards) JPjSsobk'tegl
n.f. bunting ; incmeration (j&’yso'kh'tan t adj.
deserving to be burnt fit for burning ; fire
(wood) zjysoMj'Uik adj. burnt scorched
consumed (with love, grief, etc.)Jlf^>'
sokh'ta-jan, Jjjrysokh'kt-dll' adj. love-sick
grieved [FJ

y sood n.m. interest usury gain ;
" profit benefit ; advantage t£ysood'
baf’fa n.m. profit and loss Vj^jysood' par de'na
v.i. lend (money) at interest** Of /^y sood' par It' ns
v.i. borrow (money) at interest j foy sood' -khor
jfaysood’-kkur, n.m. & adj. usurer ; usurious
(person) lfjf’jyso<)d-khori > tf J lfjysood’-kha'n n.f.
usury jy’sijysood' dar sood n.m. compound
interest I'&jysood' kha'na v.i. take interest
be a usurer L'f&yr'jrwtf' laga'na v.i. charge
interest calculate interest y^js^soo' d-e mUrak’-

'■ob n.m. compound interest J/^jysoo'd-e m f rad
n.m, simple interest ^y sood'-mah'd adj.
gainful profitable beneficial advant-
ageous useful ; of use (fjyjysood'-mah'di n.f.
V usefulness ; use advantage benefit
profi t ) {/jX'sood ' musa.‘vi-l-as'l n.m. interest
equal to principal ■>>’*4' btrsood' adj. useless

fruitless ; vain adv. in vain tfjysoo'dl adj. in-
terest bearing [P]

madness ; insanity ; lunacy
strong passion ambition
frenzy craze ; melancholy; black bile 0*1 Ur"
fawda' U'Ahalnn v.i. go mad CUj bysauda' ho
ja'nn v.i. go mad ; a fit of madness be
crazy (after) be passionately in love (with)
have one's heart set (upon) (fsbysaudat* adj.
melancholic falyifsbysaudavl migaj' adj. melan-
cholic temperament Jljysauda"i adj & n.m.
mad ; insane ; lunatic (one passionately in
love (with) [A]

i sau'da n.m. bargain goods' ; wares
(Ct^j-JK/kyMu'da kar’na (or patina) v.i.
buy strike a bargain settle the rate
l^ijLjfbysou'da ho' n. (or po^'na) v.i. be
bought (of b argain) be struck (of rate) be
settled Cjf } by sau'da n& ho'na v.i. (of rate) not to
be settled ibJjtjl'jtJ'ljysou ‘da khatfd’na (or. le’na)
v.i. bay ; make a purchase do shopping

, jtauda" n . m .
b* love

by

\Jr s' sau'da kharid’nt jfnj v.i. go for a
shoppingiio^ bssau'da sul'f n.m. goods ; things
bought f\) s' sauda'-gar n.m* merchant iSf\>y
savda'gari n.f. commerce trade rfl tfjf>y
sauda'gari mfil n.m. merchandise [P]

> t j saudn'dt adj., fay saudti'% n.m. (see
under by sauda’ n.m.' ★)

* . spo'di adj. (see under >y n.m. ★)

&y

t,j saude'M adj. (dial.) national in-
L^yy digenous [S]

Jr. so' 4a n.m. (bi)earbonate of soda j>b)iy
\y* so’da-va‘tar n.m. aerated 'ttoXtxffyso'iiyam
n.m. sodium [F]

y soor n.m. (dial.) hero y.jysoor’ Hr n,m.

(pl.) (dial.) hcrofes) [S]

. yt sWar n.m. swine ; pig ; hog ; boar
(as swear-word) swine ytfjy's% , 'ar ka
badt’chah n.m. _ pig young (as swear-
word) swine su" ar ka gosh’t n.m.

pork ; bacon; ham something forbidden Jyp
sU”arni n.f. sow

~ I jsavarnj' n.m- (dial.) self-government;
( i/js home-rule [S]

■7 f , sm> rakh' n.m. hole burrow orifice
(d ds petfora.uonslj£ f l / ysoorallk’-dar adj.

having hole(s) perforated [P]

J — J j soo'rat n.f. 9 jysoo'rah n.m. chapter (of
the Holy Quran)[A]

■7 y soo'roj n. m . sun (ft £,jy soo'roj ban’ si n.m.
(yds of solar descent (as name of a Rajput
cten)fi(tyU^}\sjjg'ysoo'roj doob'na (or thfcip'na
or ghuroob' ho'na) v.i. (of sun) set ; god own
tff&y soo'roj girah'n. (rare cr^/ysoo'raj gai'han )
h'|<. solar eclipse (y&jysoo'raj mU'khX v.m. sun-
flower ni’kalna (or tuloo"
ho'na) v. i. (of sun) rise

ft soor ' m ^ ss m.ii. (dial.) (euphemism for

U pJs a) blind man^

f u/ M arg *°S C * 'Jy’ sUr '& N - M * (dial.)
bJJs paradise (fl J^yso'arg'-bashU, ((ftfy
sUrg'-ba M) (dial.) the late ; deceased [S]
i , toor'ma adj. brave ; valiant ; bold

I oy

n> j soo'rotjan n.m. meadow-saffron [PJ

ywr

' too' rah n.m- (same as Ct^yn-Y. ir'kj'phoJS'
ojy soo'ra-t ikhlas ' n.f. the chapter entitled
lkhlas>h‘i/j<W ra-e fa’tehah n.f. the Opening
Chapter (y*~!vysoo'ra-e yasln’ n.m. the Chapter
entitled Ya-sin’ generally recited at people's
deathbed [A]

•j sot n.m. passion depth of feeling
ss hurt-burning grief elegiac stanza

svf. burning inflamming rending J'yjy
soz'-khah n m. dirge-chanter $ 'f-jysoz’ -kh&' rii
m.k. dirge-chanting in commemoration of Kar-
bala martyrs jljjjyso'z-o-gudaz? n.m. depth
of feeling ardour iJoysozak' n.m. gonor-
rhoea U'jyso'zah adj. & suf. burning ;

laying mortar £5 j i oJ^i^ysoo' kfu dhn'nofi pa' fit
par'na v.i. have Revived hopesVjlf Jsi/^Cy'soo'kh*
ghat' Vtor'na v.i. disappoint dismiss (some-
one) without acceding to his request ; send away
i~>ljtyysoo'kha jacab' n.m. flat refusal $\£y
soo'kh. a lag'll a v.i. have rickets

kindling (jr'jyso'zisk inflammation burning f'jSOg N.M. mourning tfSywg kar'jm
sensation ardour J^Ssoz-nak' adj, heart- Or ( or mana'na) v.i. mou'm grieve

sensation ardour ,J^ysoz-nak' adj, heart-
rending ojjysozih'dah n.m. & adj. burning
consuming faysa'Q suf. burning con-
suming [P

,,y , io'zan n.f. needle ; sewing needle tyjjy
so' gan ka'n jR.T, tambour work ^jysoz'ni
(ped. so'zani) n.f. (arch.) quilted coverlet
tamboured coverlet [P]

t-Jr (o r mana'na) v.i. mourn grieve j*Jy
sog-v ar* adj. mourning aggrieved ; afflict-

ed ; sorrowful {fjjy/og-isan n.f. mourning
grief; affliction (Jyso'gan adj. & n.f. afflict-
ed Jyso’g I adj. & n.m. afflicted

saugah'd. n.m. oath saugah'd d/nn
Jrr v.T. administer an oath (to) lr*U (jfy
saugah'd kha'na v.t. say on oath take an
oath ; swear [PJ

fs JMJN.M. (rare) liquorice tWh-Vs- 0a > s ^' ca j r l J . ... .

{Jr soos n.m. liquorice extract [A] 1» J . , I ^ ciy d &V*' sl notjaf n.m. civil

, sosa"itt N.F. society [El a <\W {J^ jnd&qyjysi'val sar'jan n.m. civil surgeon

’ mMf l </y/ J (Jr'si'val sar'vis n.f, civil service

^ N F - society [E]

soosmar 1 n.m. porpoise [P]

j, ro'jtm n.f. iris [jryso'sani
(S' ' n.m; bluish colour adj. iris-
coloured ; bluish [P]

.>0 tiw'ri n.f. coarse Griped
.4?-^ silk cloth (P~ f/>>]

i/yyjTsi'val sar'vis n.f, civil service ^y^y'si'val
soot' n.m- civil suit ti/j/fjysi'val kag\ n.f. civil
court t’J.f'.si W na-f arms' ni n.f. civil disobe-

dience jhtjy'si’val var’ n.f. Civil war |E]
/IO S0 °? N-M ' thorn; a spike ; a dart
colic acute pain pin pricks sting
C •fi&Jy'sool' ckubh'na, vfyfjysool' r* /a/na v.i.
cut ta the quick

t J> y so’ Mist n.m. & adj. socialist j J j so'lah adj, & n.m. sixteen J&'Jy'io’Uxtt
~ so'shalizm n.m. socialism [E] j sitgar 1 (see under jI^n-m. if) Jiffy

saugHat’. n.f. present (brought from
^ a far-off land) ; rare gift rarity

|P-T]

smSW N.m. notch of arroiv fPJ
s 0 o f tsl ^ i N M - so P hist [A~G]

fooq v.m. street (rare)' market ZjSy

{Jr tooqpm’nah adj. vulgar (words, manners,
<*c.Y,jr>i?rsooqya'na-pan n.m. vulgarity (A]
f^Jsauk, Jysau'kan n.f. (same as CPjfsaul
N.F. *)

p/ j sookk'na y.i. dry evaporate
v^r shrivel wither be parched be I
emaciated pine away become thin or lean

\*y soo'kha adj. (f. jfy soo’khi) dry
juiceless parched withered shrivelled
thin ; lean ^without anything extra mere
flat ; utter n.m. dry land ‘terra firma’
dry tobacco rickets J lysoo'kka tat kha'na

v.t. dismiss (someone) without asccding to his
request ; send away t/r l£ d'Jjiysoakh kar kah'fa
ko'n a v(i. become gamXjJdif/ysov'khi al'/an n.f.
very lean woman ' l )Cr ( fc'soo'khi dana'l n.f. dry
paving ; paving the floor with brick without

so'lkavati ADj.*sixteenth

/ £ O i00 ^ N ‘ F ’ cross gibbet (fig.)
{jr continued torture fytjy ton'll de’na. v.t.

execute crutify £fJftjfj>’jfg(jyroo'll par bh&
niftd a j&'li hai v.i. sleep can “overtake one even
on the cross Vjfj'tfgJs'soo'li par jan‘ htfna v.i.
suffer continuous torture live in constant fear
of one’s life ClJ%‘(d)Js'soo'l1 par fharha'na v.t.
execute crucify torture
^yt soom n.m. miser ; niggard [~ A fV'couR.j

Jwil/n ADJ. third h-M- (coL S'y to' jam)
\r third-day .funeral rites (PJ
Jyyr som-var' adj. Monday [SJ

| j, saufi n.f. oath (arch, except in) <jy&l at li
>Jr saU ft imt. by God /

.A-S soon n.f. reticence numbness ^\fy
{Jr soon' kheheh'na V.I. keep mum
soo'na adj. (f, ftysoo'ril) deserted
"r soo’na pet ra ho'na v.i. lie deserted l*Jf Jfyj*
soo'na kar ja'na v.t. desert (a place); depart
leaving a place ; deserted (pi tfjfafty soo'na
ghat bhi'ron ka raj' prov. fools assume power
where there is a scarcity of statesmen

392

y-

I* j iv na v«i. sleep repose take a
siesta cohabit (with) lie dead
a'badi nifid' so'na v.r. die.Cl&’idliLy'so'te ' fit'ne
Jttga'na v.l. fan dying embers Vofj>£tfA.jSsn’te
jag'te mufih' dekh'na v.i. ever anticipate
i • y so 'na n.m. gold riches; wealth
(thing) of real and unalterable value
(of person) gem ; qewel L<flLd7ll'y so'na Uchhal'le
ja'na v.i. (of conditions in a country) be very
peaceful so'na ja' ne ka'se s'dami

js'ne base prov. title is known only after first
hand experience so'na sugahd' adj.

good quality of good descent -=f - "y
so'na choo'\ mat'ti ho' in hai v.l. be always un-
lucky <d~y so' nc pyr sohagah adj. adding to

beauty or elegance Jr*(jijj£zZ.2rS'so'ne se ghar-
vixri maihfi' gi .prov. the incidental charges are
much more than the basic ones tf‘A~yso’ne ka
adj. golden ; gold exquisite 'ji ifjsso'ne
ka paid n.m. gdding j/ttfl-y’s o’ne ka pal'ra n.m.
gold plate l^t^jLyso'ne ki chirya n.f. i golden-
bird wealthy ’person JtjtfjL.y'so'ne ka nival ah

n..m. nice food given to one’s child (jjjttfiLs 1

at' nt ka

va'ntq n.m. gold leaf

(• * , sauip'iui v.r. entrust delivered
L >>/ jpkhuda ko saufip'na leave to
God the affair of entrust to God
i*» , suofil'na, &jSsooi'rta v.t. draw (sword)
message by rubbing' down strip
(vegetable etc.) of leaves starch (kite-string)
i >» son t a u.M* staff; club jil ££-[!>Ssoit'ta se

fry

hath-' n.m. pl. (of woman) have no bangles
in her hands

J'J, sohtk n.f.. dry ginger cherished trifle
At nos It' net v.i. bear ;

brook

. . , son' -dir'ya n.f. see under r (jS n.m. if

\J&y

" *» soil' dh a adj. (f. tfjdy' son dhs) (usu .!»->>'
vPJoJs !?>>'' soft' dha soft’ dha (f. JjCy'(Jjdysoh' dhi
sotidhi) Sweet smelling (like freshly moistened
larth)

1‘ . j sautdh'fo v.t.- mix into a dough

**^7 mix rub (cloth) in cowdung, etc.,
before washing

iv soofii n*. M* (elephant’s) trunk
h. . •eeotidi n.f. weevil

ij^y

J sooft' spoil n.f. sound of breath ;
(J ^Oy sniff sizzle V^jy'O^soon sooti kai'nn

v (. sniff ; snuff sizzle

. sauhf n.f. anise
fennel oftfcdyst

seed ; , aniseed . sweet
satthf ka 'n'raq n.m. anise

water

o£s

-

k, so'vi'et n.m. & adj. Soviet

soongfi'ns v.l. smell get the scent
(of) n.m. hound one who tracks
> 'oongk'nt n.f. (rare) snuff

[E~R]

so'vi'et roos' n.m. Soviet Russia; U.S.S R

soo’ha adj. crimson adv. deep (red) n.m
name of a musical mode
.t j sohan' n.m. file; rasp fajj^lsSsohan-e
rook' adj. & n.m, vexatious (person or
affair ) tyls £jJctb* / soha n-e rooh' ba'tia ho'tia v.t.
be a constant source of vexation [P]

j so'han adj. (dial.) beautiful n.m. (dial.)
Cel* sweetheart pj* cfa'sri han hal'va n.m. kind
of crisp sweetmeat ; wheat toffee
VV( so' haul n.f. Cfy so' liana' aq). (dial.) nick-.
0 1* name of a musical mode

. soo"i n.f. needle pin indicator
( y 7 hand (of clock, etc.) tongue (of

scales) pointer on compass V>-i.'jy'soo , 'i piro'iia
v.l. thread a needle llejf Jlbf. ^^y’soo , 'i ka bha'U
ho' ja'na v.l. be grossly exaggerated^'^ tf \}y’soo' 't
ka kSm’ n.m- needlework Jl‘ ka im’kah
n.m eye of a needle (O j
soo"i ke nake se ooiit' guz&r’na (or nikiil’na) v.t.
make a camel pass through the eye of a needle ;

achieve the impossible

.J sao '' i S ais N -

lCl
’is

f. fuel gas from Sui in
Baluchistan ; Sui gas
soya (p.t. of vy v.i. if)

f . so'ya n.m. (usu. pl. as »'V) fennel;
V7 a kind of potherb

sn'ya-bin' n.m. Soya bcan(s)

sivay'yah n.f. vermicelli
L/%7 macaroni sweet vermi-
celli dish with milk

. . siivai'da n.m. black spot (on heart) adj.

black

save ra n.m.

dawn daybreak

( j */> sa

early morning savc'ra ho'na v.l.

be daybreak ^-^ysaoe'n: adv. at dawn
early : early enough too early 4—/s’l f >za'ra
save re adv. a bit earlier

/ . so'em'bar n.m. ancient Hindu custom of

yZj; public selection of husband from among
assembled suitors Ckejy/.S’so'em'har locpa'na v.t.
assemb'e suitors for such selection (S)

, sih ADJ. three pref. (se-)yi ^ se-pai' har n.m.
~ afternoon adv in the afternoon se-
tkahd 1 adj. triple , treble threefold
se-Aar'fi adj. trilitoral Ojo^se-da'rah n.m. & adj.
three-doored (portico) J^^se-Sa'lah adj. tri-
annual ; three-yearly se-sham' bah n.m.

Tuesday J^i^se-fas'lah adj. yielding three crops
a year; triple-cropped se-kar'rar adj . (col.)
three times as much adv. (col. ) the third time
-‘V *** se-go' shah (col. se-goshiyah) adj. three

cornered (£ ( b ** se-ma h\ adj. quarterly Jyt^se-
man'zilah adj. three-storeyed n.m. (dial.) second
floor [P]

(V soha' n-M- name of a far-off star in the
constellation of the Greater Bear
l LfS what'na v.T. bear support (the

weight of) brook tolerate endure
sahaf n.f. patience; enduiance IjLy'saha'ra
n.m. supporter earning member (of

family) support help; aid prop Ly'
Sahara toot' na v.i. lose all hope lose sup-
port of Up U Lusaka ra de'ns v.i. support
help ; aid (,*>>* * h LSsaha ra dhoond'na v.i.
seek ; support be on the lookout for some
aid OHiir'saha’ra le'na v.i. depend (on)
seek the help (of) be helped by

ft, sokag" n.m. wifehood as married
woman's auspicious state marriage
song(t 3 (. (T^/t ) ty l <JC l ssohag ' u'tarna (or u'jarvd or
l&t'na) v.i. widowed tf^ulr'sohag'-bha'ri adj.
(dial.) beloved wife l^jC^sohng'-pii'ra n.m. cos-
metics bag presented to bride by groom’s family-
on eve of wedding JW'sohag-ral' n.m. nup-
tials siihag' sej’ n.f nuptial bed

O^jt£(sohag‘ gko'riyah n.f pl. songs sung on
eve wedding ; nuptial songs y/l ’Sjha'gait n.f.
-woman whose husband is alive favourite wife
yr W'>vj{ booth! -soha gait n.f. woman enjoying
happy marital state till late in lifetl&^jyfl^y.
ws i‘ soha! gamut he hath! lagva'na v.t. get the
blessings of seven happy wifes (as a premarital

riteL

if .soha'gah . ^Xr'soha'ga n.m. boric acid ;

harrow

seham' n.m. (pl. of ^ n.m. ■£)

slowly gradully carefully in a low yoicc;
soft ; softly

. j seh'ra n.m. groom’s adorn
'/* ment groom’s chaplet .f§£ppi«
encomium to on this occasion
credit CPjCl fv" seh'ra bahdk'na v.T. ' i j
& 1. garland the groom (of groom) ‘ ‘ 'I |

garland himself ; be garlanded put ©IjLai&sJ
on the floral chaplet seh' ra-gaohdh’ na

v.i. string flowers into a garland (>7 //v^y"’
ke sir seh'ra ho' na v.i, get the credit for; (of
credit) redound (to) Ji^^/^seh're sohsg' n.m.
PL. marital melodies ; nuptial songs

sah’l (col. saih’l) adj. easy; simpl
( J sah' l-afiga' ri n.f. easygoing attitude

carelessness wh'l banana (or kar'na)

facilitate simplify ^T(}^sak'l-e mumtane'
n.m. inimitably easy style
yy sa'hul n.f. (same as JyjUn.T. if)

.. , , saihla'na v.i. stroke rub gently

titillate ClUYySsir saih'la'nd v.i. (fig. J
invite punishment

xy*'' sah'm n.m. (pl. seham'.) arrow
j share ; lot [A]

Jy saih'm n.m fear ; terror CST* saihm’na,
f saih’m ja'na v.i. be afraid

be alarmed \r^W^saih'ma saih'ma adv. (f
saih'mi saih'mi) afraid
jV" saih'na v.i. bear ; endure ; suffer
saih'la saih'ta adj, bearable
j sah'v n.f. omission oversight
!> sah v-e qulam n.m. slip of the pen
oversight tSsCSyfsah'v-e kita'bat n.m. clerical
error slip of the pan saj' da-e sah' v n.m.

compensatory prostration (in prayers for some
missed obligation of it) /yv''' sah' van Adv.
through oversight inadvertently by mis-
take ; mistakenly {A]

sohoo'iat n.f facility ease

^ schV adj. proposed (cypress) adj. (used in
ph. (P* )/S$ar'v -6 sehV) (see under

N-M. ★)

sa'hi adv. (used prcdicativel y) all
Ls right let it be so who cares well
granted however ; though this if no-
thing more at least

soha'na, IV W'soha'ona adj (f. J ir^soha'nl, granted however ; though this if n
l (JjLs sofia-'oni) pleasant delectable thing more at least

r sai'haj adj. easy ; simple adv. (also (y'fy’ sohail' n.m. Canopus ; the dog star [A]

sai'haj sai'haj ) slow lv eautiouslv **

carefully sai'haj * uhh a n.m. natural ^ wom an'a friend of own 50

snavc disposition .

a 0 n.m. natural
sai'haj se adv.

saheit n.f. woman’s friend of own
girl’s girl friend

39*

r£

-y*' sahim' n.m partner equal , peer

(V < A ~

rf ADj'. thirty [P]

ri adv. (see under Is adv. 3f)

s’ /J n.F. hiss hissing sound de-

y y noting effect of sting, pongency or
cold

se prep. from with by than
(see under U ts-rfmsfi se adv. through
out o{^f^j l /lis vaj'h se conj. therefore
because of C/ct^se kaih'na ask ; tell speak to
p \\ sa yyati n.m. traveller itinerant
t-'ir globe-trotter c^iysiya'liat, (fLysayys'k*
h.f. travel globe troting journey
voyage

t >A j f^styadat n.f. leadership hegemoney
suprencey seniority being a
Sayyid ^ ; descent from the Holy Prophet [A]
Aj s U' ar> n.m. jackal jlyJi'j rafi'ge siyar' n.m.
•* (iron used as honorific) swindler
criminal posing as pious person
«.f y sa yy^ ra h n.m. planet adj. (usu. jl^ sayynr')
J ZT wandering [A ~ ]

n.f. politics strategy

*• diplomacy management adminis-
tration chastisemen t ^ i^ysiya sat-dan' n.m.
& adj. statesman politician (derof.)
diplomat, diplomatic siya sat-da m n.f.

statesmanship siya sat mu' dun n.m.

civics (old use) political science (fiy siya’si
AD J- " political diplomatic CS’lftf'lssiya'si
jama ‘at political party J^d^ysiya'si g ftugoo'
n.f. diplomatic (way of) talk ^yysiyasiy'yat"
n.f. political scinice nm'hir-e siyasiyyal'

n.m. political scientist [A]

1 1> ^ “ su ’ O'd-'d •r' siyn' q-o-sibsq 1 ) n.m.

context siyn' q-o-sibaq' mefi

conj. in this context (AJ

sayyal' n -m. & adj. fluid [A ~ ]

d!Z

,i say' yah n.m. woman’s sweetheart
CJJ , lover husband friend
d — dj) <-^l say' yah bka"e kot'val ab dar‘ ha he ka
prov. a friend in court makes the process
short

ri/ yatia adj, grownup; mature wise

JT hrewd , sazacious - clever • thrifty
N m. exorciser Jf ^sr^yttCj'^li'qa' zi ji
ke ghar ke cboo'he bhi sys'ne prov even the servant
of a wise man u not a fools l/Vl—'

syu'na kav'va gooh khata hai prov person who
are too clever have to eat the humble pie ; some
persons overreach themselves u/.tysya na-pan,
d^ysyan-pan n.m. ssym'-pat h.f. saga-
city shrewdness cleverness maturity
thrift

t siyah' (contr. siy ah') adj. black

9 TT dark ominous sombre
siyah' (or siyah')-ba tin adj. malicious (person)
(^{’(^'Ijt^siyah' (or siyah'yba' tins n.f. malice;
maliciousness hypocrisy siyah (or

siyah')-bakh' t adj. unlucky; unfortunate^^'twU'
siyah' (or siyah'ybakh' ti n.f. misfortune
djj^siyah' (or siyah')-posh adj. dressed in black
(as sign of mourning) n.m man in black n.f.
one in widow’s weeds^f^^jefysiyah' (or siyah')--
chash'm adj. b!ack-eyed(tj (^^eLesiyah' (or
siyah’y/am adj. park complexioned black
jet black dark jd('rT y l!if'siyah' (or siyah')-
kar' adj. sinful lewd ; dcbanched
wicked n m. sinner^ »\f siyah' (or siyah’y
ka'ri n.f. lewdness ; debanchery sinfulness
wickedness <j'f»y , siydh'-gosk n.m. lynx

siyah! j(or siyah’ )-mast' adj. dead drunk
lUsiyah-o-sifed' n.m. full powers

everything good or bad V/f siy a' h-o-

sifed' ka malikho'na v.i. evield full powers
be in cont rol siyah! ka'ro chaht sifed'

ph. do whatever you like the discretion
lies with you you are invested with full powers
siya'hah n.m. (arch.) account book,

register V J sfe' siya hah kar'na v.t. (arch.) enter
into a register Vyj^dsiyahah ho' na v.i. be Enter-
ed .thus tjJ-fd' siy a ha-navis' n.m. accountant (f,y
siya'hi n.f. ink blackness ignominy
lamp black [P]

tyseb n.m. apple £)[&■> '-fZ'st’b-e
&' nakh-daft n.m.' (fig-) small
lovely chin [P]

lS sip, (S^si'pi n-f. oyster

shell 1*7 'jy>d , ^ip'sip’ sa mufih ni’kal ana
v!i. grow very weak

sit n.f. exudation (esp. from limb ends)

r\s si'ts n.m. Hindu deity Rama’s consort ;

Sita phal n.m a kind of sweet

pumpkin [S]

sit' fa n f (dial.) /smallpox [S]

■bjy setk n-M. business magnate capitalist
(title of respect for) tycoon
/At*'' si’tha adj. insipid ; vapid
** dr tir’Z'sith-a-pan n.m.
dity tastelessness

tasteless
insipidity ; vapi*

AL

3J5

fyiS sl'tl km. whistle i^lift'sl'iibaja'na v.t.
C? " blow ft whistle ; whistle baj'na

v.i, whistle

g* s<j n.f. bed ; couch
& (C&lj iif.gjy fot&fal'na (or
lags’na) v.i. mftke the bed
j jy* phoo'loit fa stj n.f.

tforal wreatfi for bed (fig-) bed of roses
kstftoh ki stj n.f. bed of thorns
, se'Aoott (ped. taifioon') n.m. Jexartes

(Ar~{ a-T]

sifich’na (or v.t. irrigate

7?" water (a plant) feed {with one's blood)
d ; t*ftrft<J*’I n-F. irrigation remuneration

{or ii

*£* 'Ikh n.t. spit skewer CyjLfysikh'-pCi
C/ ftoVav.i. (of horse) rear fly into a
pa u i on be incensed t par lagans

v.i. put (meat) on a spit ; roast iiPfsikh'iia
aoj. (of grilled meat) prepared on spit {P}
t j 'a/yirf n.m. descendant of the Holy
•T Prophet ; Sycd (rare) lord say'yid-
taidah n-m- one bom of a Syed. ; descendant of
iftr Holy Prophet satda'm n.f. descendant
of the Holy Prophet (A -

Mil' n.f. direction bring straight
•• VswljDjLf tidh’ batik'll* v.i. take aim
gam A direct line J*»*^(fki Sldh.’ met adv. in
thr direction of ki sidh! meh adv.

Straight on

t JUfka, At> J’ 'i-dkfy upright

crcci straight direct straight for-
ward simple right correct si" dka-

pan n.m- simplicity being strajghtJn^
sl'dha sa’dah AU}. simple homely on-
pretentions unnAbe\lhhcd(Cl^iJl^^si f dka
kar’ita (or Hans' ad) v.t. straighten poise

(jpin. etc.) to take aim correct chastise

hath' n.m. right hand
no a* n.m. be sci right Cgtlif^ndfiirrih’
(hoV as v.t. take the right pathf^^rsVAl lar’h
adv. unhesitatingly properIy’e£.^ri'dii.e
aov. direct straight on Zft&^sVdke hmk
adv. to the right si "dke muhti bat

na kdr’ifa v.i. be too proud be curt )
above]

• CjuS rf,< * - N - M * («>ll. J^pshi'di-} n.m. (title for)
b 7 ~ Negro (~A^corr.]

^ sa ‘ T N F - Valk ; stroll ; perambulation
S~ excursion picnic sight seeing
amusement ; recreation travel tour
delectable experience qg/^sai? bin' x.r. P a no-

li

rama lU^sair' sops' ta n m. walk or travel for
amusement Ve^^satr dekh'ns v.i. see a lot of
fun ; enjoy sair’ kar’na v.i. take a walk,
stroll ; to take the air , perambulate travel
see a place round (a place) go out
sight-seeing enjoy tfyf'sair'-gah n.f. beauty
spot i recreation centre amusement park
garden wa lk &/*{>}/*' sail' (-Q-) tofrih' n.f

recreation j&tyj/Z'sair' (-o~)shikSr t n.m. shooting
and hunting ; shikar {A]
t , ter adj. satiated satisfied content
/" filled ; saturated fed up JP]
f j <fr n . m . weight equivalent to about 2 lb ,
SZ str’ l;o sa'vs ser’ ph. tit for

tat ; one better

4;i hab’Ji meh sa’vs ser pars our u’bal ga'ys prov.
the upstart has his head’ turned V&y fios/f sSroh
In’ hon bark’ na v.i. grow very happy
si’yar n.f. (pl. of d^'.'g.r «£)

ji j sersb' adj. well-watered satisfied
• J/*' fresh •; blooming sersb' kar'nt

v.t. irtiffate saturate Cjj sersb ho'm
v.i. be irrigated be saturated be happy
be fresh (jjyf'serabi n.f. irrigation
saturation content fryi? ser'-chash'm aij.
satisfied; content not greedy (/‘^'ser-fhadme
n.f. satisfaction, content lack of g' - - ed ;
not being greed (j^by^ser'-hs'sU adj. com-
prehensive detailed productive iSyfse’vi
n.f. satiety being fed up [P]
r. j si’ rat n.f. (pl . yyS sl'yar) biography.

the Holy Prophet’s life or biography
^ charagtgr

~^ '-ser'va n.'m. head (or foot) piece of bed

.Pi’y si'rhl n.f. ladder staircase step
OyZ> if^rfsi rfA Si'rhi chark'na v.i.
climb step by step ; make gradual progress
... v/ sez'dah adj. thirteen sez’-dahrm adj.
thirteenth [P] ^ ^

sis n.m. (dial.) head iJl'fjZ'sis'-nsg
U— sjrtsh'-nag n.m. king cobra (Hindy
mv'.h.) serpe in-god COurtsis' niva'mtv u (dial.)
bow yield ; submit [S]
j^ysi'sah n.m. lead pi/a’l

divar ph. leaden wall r fully united ,

standing like one man
» .yte/ n.m. safe adj. safe [EJ

*a > -' sa *f N ‘ M ' ^ PL- ^J^^dyoof, CMs^UisyaJ',
os ’y B f) word JpiJtr'.,aif-W'Pt~ulook' n.m.
name of a legandan piincec f^ t ~*^oif-‘aban'

396

(or olbah') adj. & n.m. (pious person) whose
pronouncements' prove to be true {A]
b.fy sakiht,'saikarid n.m- & adj. second
sai'kahdri adj. secondary
saikand'ri-bcr'd n.m. Board of Intermediate and
Secondary Education [E]

• ^ sai'Jah n.m book-binder's knife ; guillotine

l‘SJ? sai'fdi kar'na v.t. cut book edges
smooth [ ~ A cjh?)

/ OM / sai'fi adj. & n.f. imprecation prayer
** meant to harm someone rosary IfaeJ; A J^j
taifijah park’ ns v.t. say imprecatory prayers-
satk’retari n.m. secretary {EJ

saUik'ra, ij-^saik'rn n.m. hundred
hundred(s) adv. percent ; per hundred
sdihk’tofi adj. hundreds

i* sikh.’ ns v.i. learn study acquire
knowledge get instructions from
be an understudy sikk n.f. (dial.) in-
struction advice C^jJ^sikk de’ns v r (dial.)
advise ; tender or offer advice to bf^psikk’ le’n g
v.t. learn acquire proficiency in

segaun’ n.m. mixture of sand and clay

sll n.f. moisture; damp humidity
{J* respect bashfulness It* sVls adj. (f.

’ft) moist damp cool CiftX'tii
js’ns v.t. become damp

sil n.m. seal if/'d adj. sealed (E]

sail n.m. (same as wjv'n.m. •¥)

i(v re* /a n.m. a kind of rice a kind of
•* mantle a kind of silk turban
L satiate , sail n.m. flood , spate

* *• inundation Jltss sails' H adj. in-
undated (land ; (land) depehdeni (for crops) on
inundation inundation ye JJA*-' sails' hi naih’f
n.f inundation canal (A c£" 4-P **'1 J

iiiysodan' n.m. (r?re) flow (also
** •* saild’n-ii-iahim') n.f. leucorrhoca
sail am n.m. & adj wanderer tramp
hedonist one of the gay world [A]
.(kfLSsulakk'rl n.f. a species of steatite , soap-

^ «'ft n.f slap ; cuff (fig. ) rebuff fP)

T rdft n-f necklace of black thread silk or
4/ ** hair worn by mendicants
X sim n.f. silver (rare) card; wire c/fC
p* rtm'-(os, i! p i /^si'miri-lan adj fair , blonde

si'm-o-zar’ n.m. riches ; wealth uT-
si'miri adj. silver ; silvery white
fair ; blonde [P]

f sent n.f. broad bean ; flat
(** bean (dial.) water logging
aur tkoor’ n.f. (dial.)
water-logging and salinity^J^C
sem'-za'dah adj. (dial.) water-
logged (land or area) I **

j V sima n.m. face ; countenance ;

" visage suf. visaged [P]

iv s'imsb’ n.m. mercury ; quicksilver
• **• simab'-vash adj. restless sima’bi adj.
tinctable rest [P~

t -s slmur’gh n.m. phoenix ; a legendary bird
U/*- [P~ f + b,\

sVmaftt n-F- cement (E)

!*•*' slmija n.m. occult art supposedly en-
•• ** abling practitioner to fause an migration
of souls illusion magic jL~C'simiya’'i adj.
illusory [P]

ijsin n.f. scene [E]

{tf.

simal, 0“^ sam’ bkal n.m. plant with fruit
(J- yielding a kind of down ; ’semal’

si’ rmH adj . (seo under fC '"’. sim n.f. if)

UZ"

sai’minnr n m seminar (EJ

j Vy sins, sains n=m. Sinai O^jj^too’r-f sains
** n.m. Mount Sinai [A]

sins v.t. hatch (eggs) ; sit on (eggs)

r jV/ se'ns n.f. (dial.) army ; force fcCsfse’na-
— pa'tl n-m- (dial.) Commander-in-Chief;
C-in-C [S]

si' ns v.t. sew stitch

siriat' n.f. sdnate ( ~EJ

** ,
soitits'lis adj. & n.m. forty-seven

k*'** saints' lisvsft adj. forty-seventh

i*«^» serif ns, saint' ns v.i. save; put by

* keep carefully i serif serif kar

rakk'ns v.i. save ; put by

~£l> saintis ' adj & n.m. thirty-seven

U— ** saintis’ vsri adj. thirty-seventh

saint n m. scent fE)

Jk^/ ^sairiat n.f Senate J^fsm'ne^ar n.m

J’jy-seridoor' n.M- vermillion , minium , cm-
1 ** nab&r (jjicy'sefidso' ri adj. \errrul!ion’t^;>>'

Kndw’riya ADJ. & n.m. a species of mango -/red-
spotted mango

JP *sS hole made in wall by burglar

house-breaking i&jajA'sciidh,' lagan a
V.t. break into a house n.m; house-breaking
.0 ‘iS stii'dhS v.t. date-liquor ; date-palm juice
U s e( j a j so poli c drink
s F^k n.f. stick ; small thin stick
»• small piece of straw, etc. toothpick
seftk' na .v.i. warm (oneself before fire)
C&filir ^ ’khrt sehk'na v.t .enjoying look-
ing at pretty woman or women i^&^seiik n.m.
warmth induced (by fire)

\Jys si ”2 N-M* horn

*'» ka)a kar bachh.’ roh mefi sha'mil ho'na v.i.
try to look young in old age lj luS^sifig’ mar'na
v. butt gore 0^' Arsing' ni’kalna v.i.

(of animals) grow get horns attain majority
go mad {wxh)(j^(J^l^^trfjlrja'hafi’ sing
• sania'eti ni’kal js'ttH PH. . go
(one’s) way shift for oneself at*
not to be subject to discipline I fffi JiffO
l^-ifsifig'ra n.m. (musical) V /) i?

horn powder-horn sifi’gi 1 , j
n.F. cupping horn

slii'gi (or sth'giyah) lags’ na v.i. ol

cup

•y/si'nah n.m. breast chest bosom
(%•) heart (jUs}jj&lA'si'na afgar' (or Ji gar')
±Jlr~£'si'na-£hak adj. & n.m afflicted (person
na ubkar' kar chal'na v.i. strut
Ap* 'si'na-bafid n,-m. bodice .stays ; brassier* (or
A&'A'si'na ba-si'nah adv. secret
unwritten whishered adv. secretly
(transmitted) in strict confidence
n.f. stethoscope&J^ji'rto-.wns', i/A^si'na-ko'bi
n.f. beating the breast jjj^Asl'na-znr' adj.
headstrong ; wayward proud of one’s strength
cruel ; oppressive ; tyrannical
go'ri n.f. waywardness strength cruelty;
oppression na-ii' par adj. defending ;
shielding L’\jy^Asi'na-si'par ho ja'na v.i.
defend ; shield take a firm stand iSjy^H'na-
su# n.f. anguish ; torment (fjfcf'si'na-ka’tn
n.f. great elf. " very hard work si' ne

se laga'na v.t. embrace (lovingly or patronisingly)
Mite* y'-ni ka Bb&ar’ n.m. smelling of .breasts
(as sign of puberty) contour(s) of female
figure (P)

N.F. tray salver

bosom

•^y’si'niyar adj. 'senior sintyar' u N.F.

seniority [EJ

styo' n.m. thick fried macaroni seyo'

” scifi'khsn n.f. pi . fried macaroni (thick or
otherwise)

IjkUsdv a n.f. (dial.) service jtjlr^se'na-dir' h-M-
(dial.) attendant at Sikh shrine se' n kar'nfi

v.r. (dial.) serve st'v'ak (dial. ) n m . atten-
dant [S]

n.f. dogrose

•y sityoof n.m. (pl. of t^Zsaif h.v. if)
^jS^st’vak N.m. (see under IJjfi n . f. ic)

I jjiiWs.F. seam suture urinary

C^duct l*-') A

Je ’ ring n . f . ** Ci-AjZ'.rfiiiiig-b'itik «.M- say-
ings bank ^j(dl<-d>^’/^u'oiiig~haink' aiks,"
Ujit n.m. Savings Bank account [E]

^^'(or-tr*') s< b n.f. porcupine

s, sayye’ah n . f . evil ; evil deed adj . evil
*• sayye'at' n.f. pl. evils [A]

fpannstnaaaaanaaan^

J

salver

W)m»a«»aai»

"f'-'ten (colloquially called ba'r» sin) nine-
tcenth letter of Urdu alphabet (equivalent to
English sA) (in jummal recoking) 300
fyo&shin' qaj' sc durus'l ho'na v.i. have a
faultless pronunciation be cultured
.kshab n.m. (pl. fj&shubban') youth
t T^ rhaikh-o shab ' n.m*. the old and the young
“y-i t^sjyabasji Int. bravo; well done ; ex-
*■' . "cellent buck up n-m* praise
appreciation paiUvf/'il^shabqsh' dt'na v.i.
praise buck up pat(ft(>vA2l»a‘«ta n.f. (col.)
(same as^tlSiNT. *)

pt^shakh n.f. branch bough sprig • spray
scion (of plant) branch (of establish-
ment piece (of) objection ; cavil (dial.)
a kind of wheat sweet rolled like a sprig ; sprig-
sweet (rare)homy)£,ljsha l<h-( a'hao n.m.
horn of deer bow crescent
bara’l-t ‘ashiqaft bar shakkpc a'hoo prov. the
unfortunate are always tantalized by nature
vain hopes jjJ’C'^nkh'-dar adj. branched
bifurcating homed Z> b&sh&hh' dor shaftfi

396

Jl

adj. intricate. with one point leading to
another (iJpPj&V'shakh-t zafardri n.m. One
with too high an opinion of oneself strange
matter i/sha'kh-i loo'ba x-M. a branch
of the heavenly tree blessed sign C$£,l*sftakh'
Idga'tid v.x. plant sapling (of) set someone
extra work i&i'grsfca 'kh-e nabst' n.f. crystalliz-
ing sticlf very sweet thing • lovely maiden
Olr ijlsshakh nikdl'nd v.t. cavil find ( an *

other) cause for quarrel jlr’C/shakh-sat bower

garden place abounding in trcei adj.
(rare) having many branches ^ij'lsshakfosq'naii
n.M. cavil s-:.picion calumny dilem-
ma new point shakes d' nah

pal' da (or khara) kar'na sba khah adj. pronged

l p l

. U shad adj. happy , glad joyful , cheer;
ful pleased ; delighted

$ shad' ba'yad zis'lan na-shad' fa'yad
Zis'tan prov. one has the put up with all spirts of
cbnditionsjijli.dia'rf/i?;, (Jljls.sjiad’mdn adj
happy . delighted {fols shad' -kam' au|.

successful happy delighted b’fjlS$had'-
kar'na v.t. delight , gladden shad k arm

n.f. elation with success fil>\2shad-ma'rii n.f.
happiness rejoicing [P]

. .Ushadab' ADJ. well-watered green ,
verdant lush (of face) radiant with

health Jt>£’sA3ifa'6« n.f. verdure fertility
. being well-irrigated (of face), radiating
with health^tf'sfia'i/* n.f. if [P~ tls-h *><]

/{ (3— 3 </i K F marriage wedding

pleasure; delight rejoicing ; festivity
lV| sha'di rachana v.t. & I. celebrate marriage
sha'di kar'na v.t. marry sha di-

mar' g n.f. death from sudden joy f if

la sha'di mar'g ho ja'na v.J. (of someone) die thus
) tj)\s sha'di-o-gham n.m. ti*. g ha’m-o

sha'di n.m. joy and grief sha'di gh a' mi n.f.

(col.) joy and grief (on) festive occasions
or (at) funeral gatherings fajUsha'di ho' im v.i.
be married,! IjC'shadiya'nah n.m. festive music
(usu. FL.) festive song(s )if^^JjOshadiya'ne
baja'na v.i. play festive music rejoice [P]
adj, rare adv. rarely seldom

few and far httweenjMijSC'sIm'z-o ns' dir adj.
adv. rare(ly) .[A]

exegesist commentator

road; highway(’u6zl?sRa'«‘-e ‘am n.m. thorough-
fare [ - a**?]

i **.i.sh&s'tar (ped. shas'tr) n.m. (dial.) Hindu
\s ^ code of law having religious sanctioned
shos'tari (ped. shzstrf) n.m one skilled in Hindu
law [SJ

jshashah n.m. urine ; piss

i 1 . 1 ^‘shd'tir n.m. (rare) chess-player adj. cun-
ning ; sly clever shrewd smart
J>Ojl yar-e sha'lir n.m. shrewd friend >

J?\i ji ya'r-e sha'lir hooh' na bar-fkha'tir pl. I am
a shrewd friend not a bore [A]
p,.U*ha''ir n.m. (pl. IfSsho'ara’) poet bard
minstrel UfO sha‘irn'nah adj. poetical
fantastic rhapsodical?

U l?

annotator expositor [A ~
in ' n-m. the Holy Prophet as
law giver law-giver legislator

?sha‘trat' ped pl .ft*?

[ssha'iri n.f. poetyj art of

exaggerated
sha'nah n.f. (pl. <
shava'ir) poetess tffQsha
poetry verse , poetic composition exaggera-
tion ; hyperbole rhapsody fantasy fancy
highfalutin’ language [A ~ A
shagbil adj. busy ; occupied (A- < r\

I shaft' n.m. i n tercessor^f^vj^ &

C/"* (ro‘ z-t) mah'shnr n-M the Holv Prophet (as
his followers* intorccss or with God on the Dav
of Reckoning )&>{? N-M- Shaafiite follower

of Imam Sh'fPis school of Islam jurisdiction w
» i * sha'fah n.m. suppositorv pessary
cotton wool soaked in liquid medicine and
applied to wound dressing lint [P]

Z.Ushzijt abj. healing sanative curative
{js/ efficacious (fig.) convincing (reply) n.m.
healer mkt'laq n-m. God (as the

Healer) ; the Absolute Healer (A— ti^]

~.Ushaq adj. hard : trying disliked un-
savoury ; unpalatablc^ji^Jlr 1 ^ [par) *hnq
gp'zarna v.i. be very trying (fop) be dis-
agreeable (tokil! rthaq'qnh adj. VCty hard (work);
tiying % nnh-t 'jiaq'qah ji.f. verv hard
wfy-k iburning the midnight oil (A ■» )

^jp^sjiaqnol' n.m. plumb-line {A~TJ/1']

/U^haklr adj. thankful or grateful (to God)
s** content (with one’s lot) l~ JP>£kkh)
(rtska'ki adj. complaining querulous
w *^disconted (with one’s lot. etc. ) n.m. com.
plainapt murmerer aggrieved (party) {A -

C/#\

sltftgir'd n.m. pupil student ; scholar
disciple apprentice (rare) servant
(Ijflj l> ihagtr' d hau'na (or ho'na) v.t. become

Student or apprentice (<J))J**jf\*sJiaQrd'-pe:hti shamiya' nah tc> m. awning pavilion

n.m. pt. servants ; retainers OzAsdiagir'di •* canopy [P]

n.f. studentship pupilage apprentice-
ship [P]

j.ijjAa/ n.m. shawl ; stol cdfUtsshal'-baf n.m-
U ** sha w 1 -weaver ; shawl-maker j yCsshal-ba'fi
n.m. shawl-weaver’s trade shawl-making
jjrd&shal'-doz n.m. shawl^mbroidererc&^/Ujfcfi/-
do'zi n.f. shawl-embroidery [P]
j skali'mar (col. jlll&sha'lamur') n.m. Shali-
*• mar Gardens ; either of the two gardens
of that name built under the Moghuls
^Zsham n.f. evening^j.j/f'ti.sfca'/n-e a'vadh n.f.

I ^lovely evening scene of Lucknow in
pre-British days ; the Lucknow evening (opp.
t see under n.m. it)ulsf(\5s±a'm-r
ghari'bafi n.f. hapless traveller’s evening
the evening finalizing Muharram Jnourningc'iJfftj
sham kalyan' n.m. name of a musical mode set
for evening ^f'j^lysha m-o-sa' har n.m. morn-
ing and evening all the time (pl.) days
and nights (of) [PJ

^/*.Z*ham n.f. ferrule (of stick, etc.) [~P A* sum
I ^-CORR.J

•j^isAsm n.m. Syria adj. & n .m. *)

1 f&shyam' n.m. tawny (as appellation
I ^ Of Hindu apostle Krishna) [S]
iVj sha'ma, l&shya'ma n.f. native cuckoo [S~

PREC.j

£ t AUsha’mat n.f. misfortune ; ill-luck evil
*^days punishment Ji/dv \2shzimal-e a'mal'
n.f. punishment for evil deeds misfortune
tfiZS&sha'mat ana v.i. face bad-luck fall
upon evil days * ska mat ka ma'ra adj. &

n-m. unfortunate (person) miserable
(person) [PJ

/ fci sh&'mil adj. prep, (used alone or with mth
* l '^ , or ped. ko or ke) comprising includ-
ing included (in) mingled or blended
(with) ; going along (with) JlrJ sha'mil-e hal'
adj. connected with accompanied by adv.

accompanying given ^ granted
shmilat ,*><~>lkl*'sha , mila't-e dth n.f. village com-
mon dlk&sltamila'tl adj. joint co-parce-
nary

spam’ truth n.m. sense of smell ; olfaction. [A~

pprenticc- . I^shan n.f. dignity splendour (rare)
state ; condition (rare) circumstances (of)
-baf n.m- i^d^rhan'chodta n m- one trying to emulate
sshal-ba'fi another jliljsJian-dat' adj. splendid stately

rvl-making dignified I'l&fj&shan’ dikkana v.t. make

fJjjJlsshal- a display (of) show off Cd&^&shan' ghata'na
v.t. be derogatory (to) ishan’ mth

•m. Shali- bat'tah lag'na, ’than' ghat'na v.i. be lowered
> gardens in dignity J,yi)l?sha'n-t nUzool' n-M. circum-
stances of revelation (of Quranic verse) (joc.)
vadh n.f. ca use or account of arrival L ^/jy>j ( ylS'than-a-
now in shau'kat n .f. pomp and show glory
ing (opp. splendour [AJ , ,.

'iysha'm-r adj. (dial.) calm peaceful

. cnin „ shah' It n.f. (dial.) peace tranquillity

mngeUfc calm [S]

mode” set . i^sha nah n.m. shoulder comb Oy£*\2
morn- **** sha'nah pha'takna v. i. have a good omen of
pl ) days someon . e arriving sha'nah kar'na v i. comb
I'll; O-ljsha’nt hila'nn v.t. shake (someone) by
__ p f 5Um the shoulder to rouse him from sleep [PJ

• A shah, ^ shah n-n. king ; monarch king

,v (at chess) title of Syed or Muslim mendi-

' cant pref. chief large royal Afc P

ppellation shaha' nahxDj. royal ; regal splendid jUr*
shah' bat', ‘’If&sJ ah' bsz gowshak falcon jyiJh

koo fS~ ?hah-ba'la n.m. best man ; groom’s young atten-
dant shah'-balloot' (col. -baloat') n.m. oak

ck evil — fl, /hir' (P e{ i shahtlr’, arch. shah-llr')

at-e a'mal' N-M ‘. beam jj&tpsha'h-e ■kha'var n.m. (rare) sun
nisfortune l h - ah '-P ar > a & shah-par n.m. * principal

It fall father * n bird’s wing shah-tar ah,

i adj & shah' tar ah n.m. fumitory ^Z^Maihloot'

miserable shah-toot n.m. mulberry ^^,,1 j shah' -kha'n Urn n.m.

(iron.) proud woman shah-da' rah n.m. gate-

way (to) fjr fJjjt&shah' dau'lah ka dpoa'ha n.m.
with mth (dial.) small-headed imbecile (known) after
includ- shah Daulah of Gujrat W. Pakistan in whose
sanctuary they found asylum a }/f\jjshah'rah' N.f.
thoroughfare highway iJj shah' -rag

£ shah' -rag n.f jugular vein tjlyfishah-
tadah , ejljfC'shah’-za'dah n.m. prince
shah-za'di, ifjjyf&shah'-za'di n.f. princess Jjlyr’
sjtah-z'd'dagi shah-zd'dagl v.y: state of

being a prince ; princehood shah-stamr',

yU-' shah' -savar' n.m. horseman jockey
shah'-kar, jksp'sjtahkar' n.m. masterpiece

sha' mi adj. & n.m. Syrian <^>U'^C’sha'ml I fft&skoh gam' n.f. (animal’s) nice gait c/l*>VP
w kabab' n.m. fried mince cake; mince pie I sha'h-t mar'dah.i iirsJ'sha'h-e mar ' daft n.m. •master-

sha'h-e mar'dah, jir/^sha'h-e mar’dah n.m. -master-
chevalier (as appellation of Hazrat Ali)

shah-nashifi, shah'-nashtff n.m. balcony

dais royal seat jlj£& shah-var' jtyr' shah-
vat' adj. worthy of a sovereign royal » li*-* - ' .
skahin-shak' , sha’hin-shah' n.m. shahinshah ;

emperor tffs sha'kt \dj. royal ; regal n.f.
sovereignty dominion reign name of a
small coin [P]

shahid n.m. (pl. jflj? shavahid) witness
■** ^ deponent sweetheart [A]

«* Vj sh s' hi ft (or -hiri) n.m. falcon this
•"V as Iqbal’s symbol for Muslim youth [P]
Ci^jshrf'ibah k m. (pl. ^J‘ty , shava"ib)

• doubt ; suspicion trace (of) (rare)
adulteration [A ~ ]

— is’ tah adj. polite ; courteous

cultured ; well-bred proper ; suitable
decent sha'istagi n.f- courtesy ;

politeness good manners affability pro-
priety decency [P~ cZ’O]

V adj. published propagated
(S ^broadcast patent (fast) (;/£C'sha’e‘

knr'na v:t. publish ; bring out propagate
t 'jftfC'sha'e' ho'na v.i. be published ; be
brought out be propagated [A]

—Ai~sha'tq m>]. fond (of) ardent; zealous

IkI > sha’U-gdh n.m. name of an ancient
royal' Persian treasure wealth de-
pec tive rhyme adj. royal ; regal [P]

r»lLl5— 3 ’y Sn AD J’ f 11 (f° r ) ; suitable (for)

worthy (of) ; worth [P]

.m sha'yad adv. perhaps possibly
probably [P~

*T,shab n.f. night jjj> & shaba 1 na-rot adj.
unceasing round-the-clock adv.
night and day all the time round the clock
*—*Sshab‘bai? n.m. (arch.) puppet showman
s-J^shab-bd!# n.f. puppet show
shtib-ba'sh >' n.m. night lodger hf cr't'-J'shab-bash’
ho’ tin v.r. stay for the night (with or at) ^

shab-ba’sH n.f. . staying for the night co-

habiting (with) yg. imS shab-ba-khair' int. good-
night &jU,im2'shab't ban' 'at (col. .5'shab'-
barat') n.f. fifteenth night of Sha’ban (bringing
salvation and fulfilment of wishes to those who
pray for these {hab'-barat' hi a’tash-

bagi N f. fire work display on his festival
skab’bo m.m. a kind of lily^ein.cting fragrance at
night ; champak>k? shab-bedar' adj. & n.m.
(one) waking all night in worship shab-

btdu’ri n.f. waking all night in worship

vigil ^fL-Z'shab-tab' n.f. (usd.
kir'mak-e shab-tiu 1 ''^ glow- worm ; firefly adj. in-
candescent J.r i—^shab-tabi n.f. incandesceno
(i^jjl't^shab-e tar'(ik’) n.f dark night : moon
jess night£ ^•-■^'shab-chiragh' n.m. (also

gau'har-e shab-ehiragh') n.m. a kind of jewel
carbuncle /J'/^shab-kha'bi ka hbas' n.m.
night clothes ; the pyjamas (j'ft shab-khoon' n . m .
night attack ; sniping lj l (y/Z'shsb khoon' mar' ua
v.t, snipe tfjg ^>shab-kht! it S’.f. rising at niglu
(for prayer) jj?,) u^shab-e daijoor' n.m. very
dark night y^J^shab-dez' n.m. dark horse
shab-deg' k . f meat and turnip stew cooked .all
night L-Z’shab-rafig' adj. dark-coloureds
shab-e zifaf' n.f. (see under I
shab ziii'da-dar adj. & n.m. (one) waking all
night (for worship) - 4 * 00 tjj<-f?s]±ah zin'da-du'rt
N f. waking all night thus shabis' tah n m

bed chamber harem ; seraglio^ i~*Sshu'h-t
qad'r (col. shab'qad'r ) n.f. night during which
the Holy Quran’s revelation began (occurring
the last ten nights of Ramazan usu. regarded
as 27th) j/ shab-kor ’ adj. night blind
shab-ko'ri n.f. night bliiidness ijJ~ y shab~goo1i'
adj. jet black darksome j/ >y=^sh5b~gir' adj,
of early hours of morning t^?sha'b~e moh\
••fO; Li~*'sha'b-e- mahtnb' n.f. moonlit night
sha'b-e yalda n.f. longest and darkest night of
the year shabi'nah adj. left over from
the previous night overnight n.m. Ramazan
night (or three nights towards the end of that
month) in which the whole of the Holy Quran is
recited in prayers such recital Jjst^Jysha'b-o
TOZy ro'z-o shab' adv. night and day ,

always ; all the time n.m. pl. nights and days
(of) ; all the time (of) [P]

. u shabab' n.m. youth ; prime of life [A]

‘T'r

^J^shiib'ban N.m. (PL. ofw-^NM. ir)

*A shUban' N.M. shepherd , pastor [P)

C^r

♦ shaba’ hat n.f likeness , similarity
t—* 1 ? resemblance figure tZfLfijJ&sjtak'lfi
shaba! hat n.f. features [AJ

U. shab'd n.m. (dial.) word Hindu hymn

[SI

A shab’bar n.m. appellation of Imam Hasan
yZ [A - Syriac) A

it** A shabistan' n.m. (see under *-*■"' n.m. 4>)

shab’nam n.f. djw a. kind of fine

linen ; lawn (f^^shab' gam* adj. dewy
N.m canopy for bed (P]

401

' v dji'A'A N. M . , likeness similitude

image (of) vaj’h-e shib'h N.F. point,

of similitude [A]

shUb'h (col. skU'bo) n.m* doubt ; suspi-

• cion uncertainty. vJ'jjs-Z' shub'h door,
kar'ta l* t? ^ shib'h mitz'na v.t. dispel a doubt

dtUb'h ^zcdhir) kar’na v t. suspect
1/ **£- sftfift'A ho’na v.i. be a doubt (about)
have a suspicion [A]

rtfiftk' adj. (dial.) suspicious [A]

jp shabby' n.m. an appellation of Imam
JZr Husain (A~ Syriac] 4

• <3 aoj. (see under n.f. ★)

^ shablk' n.f. picture ; portrait .mage
figure adj. like ; resembling (A ~ z' ]
skip 1 pa n.m. relation L‘ it 1 jp" dip' pa lara’na
Lp v.t. concoct relatipnship (with)

S..J.I ha’pa-diep n.f. splash adv. rapidly
‘^'irloNO.] . . .

* A ' Mp'pa . dtap’parah n.m. bat

shop' par a-fhash’m adj. day-blind

+* C^l

sAi'ia n.m. winter [A}

fjskitab' adv. soon swiftly frf.f.

>m T'***' quick haste ; quickness shita'bi-H.r.

swiftness haste despatch adv. (also
C? shita'M re) ’ soon swiftly i

^ A - shu’tur, pH Ssjt’tur n.m. camel dis?
y**' shW tUr-b&n n.m. camel driver,/ l/^-y-''
shA'tir-e be-mohar' (fig.) adj. & n.m. way-
ward ; refractoiy incorrigible (person) out
, of control Hr y" shi'tUr-kha’nah. n.m. camel shed
sbit’lur-gham'zah. n m. uncalled for
coquetry fraud ; deceit shu'tur-ki'nah

n m. unending malice adj. & n.m. very malicious
(person) shu Hr-gbr'bah n.m. unmatch-
ed pair change of pronoun with reference

some noun s*if'<Si'-«iSr'gh n.m. ostrich

lil'yH xhu' tir-nal n.f, (arch.) a kind of small gun
carried on camel’s back [P]

shu! trl n.f. large kettle-drum (for

carrying on camel back) camel colour
adj. camel coloured camel hair camel
skin (PJ

JjJ®' slid I’m n.f. villifying swearing at
| S' st^Ssab'b e-xbat’m n.f. (see under ****

★ [A]

<■ <JIv shi ija’’ adj ^ brave bold ; coura
r geous £S\p , sktgrf , at N.f. braverv; va-
lour (A] * ~

JS sha’jar n.m...(pl. jtf' 1 ad' jar') tree

y* plant c/? Mjartik (col shnj'rah) N.M-
(pl. iHsiy f' shajarnl') (rare) tree genealogi-
cal tabic ; family tree ' list of a saintly line
agrarian field-map [A] . i. .

shaVm n.f. fat shahlm’ 'adj. fat

/* lahi' m-o-shahim adj. plump ; fat [A]

I A, sheh'nak n.m. metropolitan police chief
fL'ds/jJi'lst ut’ra sheh’nak mafdak nsm
proVj a fallen angel is dubbed a devil [P]

A - 5 shakh’s n.m. (pl. ashkhas’)

person individual body ; human
body shakft’si adj. ^ personal private

individual shakh’si kukoo’mal n.f.

one-man rube ^individual’s rule absolute
monarchy shakhsi/jqt n.f. personality

(rare) prestige i£*£**~ shakhsiy’ yat bigh-ar’na

v.t. talk tall be vain [A]

shad n.m. stress ; emphasis inten-

sification (gram.) doubling (of letter)

yjAj^shad’d-o mad n.f. force ; invigour in-
tensity severity stress ; emphasis jU?
shaddad' n.m. name of an Adermite ruler. claim-
ing divinity ; Shaddad [A]

At* ±add'id n.m. pl. hardships ; tribulations
^VfA ~ SING. ~ >>'' ]

•,shU<T bud N.F. sight knowledge (of)
JtkS nodding acquaintance (with language),

e*tc.) ]P # + J. ~ jJ. was]

• sjnd'ial n.f. intensity vehemence

Imrdjkr severity rigours (of) If ^ shid' dat ka
adj. severe [A]

* » shu'dani adj. destined inexorable

(ijH n.f. inexorable matter JjHl'na-shu'daai
adj. & n.f. undesirable

shudh ADj^dial^purifieck^cvelopment)^

JPJ^shad'dfil n.f Hindu proselyjism (esp. as
an early 20th century political-movement [S]
i i. shu' da'shu' dah adv. gradually in
course of time

St shadid’ adj. intense severe
rigorous violent acute (pain)
heinous (crime) [A~w5->?} .

• ~ shat' rah n.m. (pl. sha^arat’) editorial

note ; leaderette [A]

Stj shar n.m. evil ; wickedness turmoil
unrest Cl& ly'’ *bar' fijta'sa v.i. create
unrest ; cause a breach of the peace raise
malicious objection [A]

V t/ ( or !A) !h. aTi * (°r ^ ,ra ')

0/ Ift- j bai’-o-sjepr* n.f. (see under ££

★)

401

•2L

\Sj>

i Ay sharob' n.f. liquor wine (rare.)
bevcrag shard b-e do-dtashah
n.m. double-distilled wine. strong drink
shgrab'-khdnah n.m. public house ; pub ;
bur ; tavern jyf'isjjy shard b-e tafioor’ n.f.
nonalcoholic beverage ; non-intoxicating drink
(as heavenly beverage) J.iy'' shard bi n.m.
drunkard boozer [A]

ji Ay shardbor' (col. j) jjS dtpr-bor’) adj. drip-
ping ; drenched; wet through
pass' ns m eh shardbor ph. perspiring dipping with

sweat

|^| ^ diarrdf a n.m. spurt beating sound

*/ (of rain, etc.) [ono.]

i A y sharsdk’ n.m. pl. (dial.) food given
their priests by Hindus for the dead
this as festival [S]

. • sharar', t j\Jy shard rah n.m. spark [P]

„ . A, shard rat n.f. naughtiness mis-
chief wickedness ; villainy
shard rail adj. naughty villainous n.m.
mischievous child varmint v'-y'' sharir'

A *>J. * [AJ

— I . Jy shard fat n.f. virtue ; virtuous charac-

ter good manners politeness ;
courtesy; civility nobility Crdjs shartf'

ADJ. ★[A] "

V, shard kat n.f. partnership fAjy'
shard kalkar' na v.i. enter into partner-
ship si’ shard kat-namak n.m. dead of
partnership n.f. <—4^ adj. & n.m. *)

Jjfjvy shard'll n.m. (pl. of n.f. ★)

shar'in n.f. (pl. of n.f. ^)

A, tk&r’k n.m. drinking ak’l-o-shur’b
n.m. eating and drinking [A]

»y -V •har'bat n.m. svrup shad bat pild'i

m.f. money given to barber of bride’s
family) for offering drink to groom at marriage ;
drink-reward ton ke piydlt
fat nikad pafkdnS V.T. give away a girl in marri-
age with little expenditure ^ y' shadbati adj. &
n.m. light orange reddish n.m. this colour
a kind of fine muslin kind of small sweat

berry (A ~phEC.)

m A/ shar’A (col. sharah) n.f. explanation

commentary exegesis rate charge
ratio details exposition tfjs £, jf’shar’h-
hsrh'H n.f. fixation of rates rate schedule
sad’r n.m. conviction ; inner

light lack of reservations Pf'shar k-e

sad'r ke satk adv. with an open mind with-
out reservations Vj'Z/f'shar'k kar'na v.i. ex-
plain write a commentary (on) ; write an
exegesis (of) I'Srf'C'S'l hadfy muqar'ror kar'na
v.i. fix the rate of [A]

A, sha'rar n.m. spark jl sjr'sha' r ax-bar, O&J/
sha’rar-fishah' adj. fiery sore (heart)
sparkling ; scintillating ; coruscating [P]
ig,/shar’t n.f. (pl. idtp' shard' it rare>jy'
P/ shuroo?) term condition stipula-
tion proviso provision rider bet ;
stake ; . wager t^P'sfcar'f bandh'na
(or bad’na or lagdnd) v.i. bet ; lay a wager
shartiyyah ADJ. sure guaranteed ; warrant-
ed adj. certainly ; undoubtedly definitely
(gran ) conditional (clause) ba-shadts-

kth adv. if provided in case bi-la-
shar'l adj. unconditional
mur'doft st shar't bshdk ke so'na V.i.
f' fy*h ar ” ( c °h sha'ra') n.m. divine law
hSj religious dogma Islamic law (as such)
% s' {pad 'an adv. legally ; in point of law ;
according to the law ; juridically according
to Islamic .lawlii/v Up’shad'an-o-'&dfqn adv.
according religious and customary law
shad 1 meh kyd shar'm pfi. why be ashamed of
a divinely sanctioned act why be ashamed of
an inquiry on a point of religious law {fj*
shan't adj. lawful religious dogma-
tic [A]

..A, sha’raf n.m. honour rank dignity
*~^S glory nobility eminence ex-
ce\lenceCjf(yUCsp'sha’raf hdsil ho' ns v.i. be
honoured (by 'jfyj^.Cfs'sha'raf le jdna v.t. excel
‘-slC3p‘ sha! raf-yab' adj. honoured ; exalted
Vjr ^/LCfp’sha'raf-yab'- ho’na v.i. be honoured
sha’raf -yd bi n.f. honour audience
i» p shdraf-ydbi ba khsn 'na v.t. grant audi-
ence [A]

sburafd n.m. (pl. or «J£P”n.m & adj. ★)
•* !». ihar'q n.m. east Xjh t^P’ihadqan ([had ban

0 / adv. adj. laterally East West
rJfLs/^fjpshar' q se gh ar'b tak adv. _ from
East to West throughout the world J^'d'ar'qi
adj. Eastern oriental [A]

shir'k n.m. polytheism paganism
~S tjf Js'shidk-e ja'll n.m- idolatry (f* Jp'
shir'k-e Mia'fi n.m. infidelity [A)

'A, drier aka' n-M. (pl. ‘of

—J s Jl lr 'kat n.f. (ped. sha'rikat ) participa-

t‘d tion (rare) firm ; company
N.F. if vt^ADj. & n.m. kf.) [A]

shar'm n.f. shame bashful ness

[y* modesty disgrace ; indignity hon-

our ; prestige sense of honour (jjy Iff/ shar' ma
shar'ml adv. out of shame driven by a
sense of prestige t!)> (J? shar'm dila'na v.t
put to shame disgrace challenge (some-
one's) sense of honour CJj ("s / sj>ar'm rakk'na'
v.t. protect (someone) from being put to shame
lift; fjy shar' m raih jam v.i. have one's prestige
or honour undamaged shar'm kar'na v.i.

feel ashamed jlsj? shar' m-sar adj. ashamed
repentant sorry (for) Vj} jt-fs.shar'm-sar

ho'na v.i. regret; be sorry (for )(fjl^5’shar'm-sa'ri
n .f. shame disgrace sorrow ; regret
repentance l shar'm se pani pa'm ho'na
v.i. feel much ashamed o tsysjuirjm gab' n.f.
private parts (of one’s body)
adj. ashamed bashful modest blush-
ing c/fcrp' shar' m-nak' adj. shameful dis-

graceful discreditable LfV shar' m-o-naya
n.f. modesty (*^2— be-shar’m adj. shameless
devoid of a sense of shame {^fp'^-be-
spar'm be-$ai'rat Int. (as a swear-word) devoid
of all sense of shame oXsJy sharmih' dah adj.
ashamed regretting ; sorry (for) repentant
simpering (1 ns’l,j^p'sharmiij da-e ehsan' (or
-sah') ADJ. under obligation (to)
sharmih'da-t ma"rti (or -na) adj. meaningful
Vjf ojysp’sjiarmiii'dah ho’na v.i. fed ashamed ;
be ashamed be sorry (for) : regret
sharnntidagi n.f. shame disgrace bash-
fulness regret, sorrow VlflJ'Xf?' sharmit’dagi
utha'na v. i. suffer shame be disgrace L 1>
sharmana v i feel ashamed be bashful
fight shy (of) shar mi' la (F. Jlfp'sjtarmi'li)

adj. modest bashful shy [F] ^

/ iy spur' on n.m. (col.) stew ; broth ( -P

cor*-]

Srn. shuroot' N.M. (PL. of J^N.F. ^)

h’s

. j i tJjU'roo' n.m. start , beginning; commence-
W/*' ment ojfr 100 ' st a'khir tak
adv. from beginning to end ‘ TOO ‘

kar'na v.t. begin , start , commence^ set
up institute take the ie&dljf £jy/shu'roo‘
ho'na v i be begun get going ^{fif’shuroo'ai'
n F (col.) beginning ; start (A]
f iy shi'ti (ped shri), tfyS si' ri adj. (dial )
(Indian title equivalent to) Mr. (fijs

sjti'rlmati adj. (Indian title equivalent to)
Mrs. Madam [S]

.1 A , shiryan' n.f. (pi . Sp- shar a In') artery [A]

» sharir' adj. mischievous naughty
wicked evil bad n.m. mischief
monger ; mischief maker [A
— shari’ 'at n.f. (pl. g shara'i*) Islamic
jurisprudence divine law (A — t/']

. , iy span/' adj. (pl. (j fsshUrafa) virtuous

gentle polite ; courteous noble
honourable n.m. gentleman (ped.)
syed , descendent of the Holy Prophet (rare.)
chieftain , chief shar fa nidh Anj. gentle-
manly (conduct, etc.) shari' f-Qrt-ruf's

adj. noble n.m. a noble soul
khan'dan n.m. good family n 0 <->^ sharif'-fa’dak
(n.m- .scion of a gentlemanly family) adj. of
good family [A -cPjS]

* i Z.shanfah n.m. custard apple

y*. shank' n.m. (pl lfjy shuraka') partici
pant accomplice comrade associ
ate confederate partner peer adv
included I'S—Xjy shank' kar'na v.t. - join
include make a partner Ky; ^atkk' ho' n,

v.t join participate (A ~ c/'lpr ’ )

„ yshas't (col. shis' I) n.f. atm (rare,
pinch (ped.) fishmg-hookT$AA«4«.i<-* Sr
sjhas't bafidh'na (or lagana) v t take aim (at) (PJ
** 3 shus'tah adj., ^cultured chaste (langu-
age, etc.) n.f good

manners chastity of language [P]

^j^shUsJi n m lung [P]

sjhash adj. six pref hexa , six
(✓ shash-paik' loo ad|. hexagonal jr^shnsh-
Je'hat n m the six d\rocUonsf^JXfi/^shaih~j/’ hut
men adv. all over everywhere
dafig' adj. all over the world jj£*^shashjda) adj
astonished perplexed stunned agape,
six-doored n.m. (arch.) dice
shasjjdar ho'na (or rath' ja'na) v.i. be astonish-
ed be left wondering be agape^'lr**'
shash-ma'ftt adj. half-yearly ;.biennijri n f half
year , six-month period (P* * (f^ska' tbvp&j'
n.m. perplexity confusion hesitation
S^sha'shum adj sixth [P]

„ • "thas'l adj sixty [P]

./. A shasbkar’m v.t. urge (hound) on to
yj quarry jl&’^'Zhiihkar' ,

404

n.f. sound emitted for urging thus

shat n.JI. river bank t ^ fl J^'shat't-ill~‘a'rab
n.m. Tigris and Euphrates alter their con-
flux [AJ

n.m. pert ; saucy {A ~ foll.J

, -y /A shathryyat' n.m. & f. blasphemous
writings irreverent criticism of
Islamic dogma profane talk by insane mystics
(A] . • . 1 J

y j-*/ sha tratj n.f chess shitir

yy n.m. chess-player (fj&'shatratfji n.m.

chequered carpet . loaf made of assorted
cereals’ flour Ct iJZ/*'&atrat'jl-baf n.m. carpet

weaver [A ~ 8]

|_^ n.m. (pl. yU^j*«‘a'’ir) sign
habit ; custom manner (rare) under-
garment ra£k. in the habit (of) accustom-
ed (to) (fjU&'stofitf l sup. being in the habit
(°0 [A] A

^yZ,*o'a“ n.m* (pl. mdte tu a/i) ray ; beam

^ sM'sCff w-M- pl. signs (of God)
(pilgrimage) rites [A~sipo. ^>or

,1 s.H^cq)>tk month of Hijri year

(A)

Ssf+cfba i t h n.m. sleight of hand ;jug-
Wj gUng-; conjuring deceit ; fraud
Mto*'k«da-J otf ii.it. juggler ; conjurer adj. frau-
dulent ; deceitful n.f.

sleisAt of hand duping deceitfulness [A]

—\+»''bak n.m. (pl. iZf^^^ba-jkf)

■"s department branch * ramification

field (of knowledge, etc.) [A]

n-n* (pl. oryb^fesR'ar')

/^hairlAj

3 jh“r n.m. (pl. -i(*2/asfr‘ar') couplet
/ verse poetry j lfyf£'d±t‘'r-kk&’*i n.f.

recitation of poetry fondness for poetry
■ ,/ A N<*'r kaih'na v.i. compose verses ; versify
n.f. versification fond-
ness for poetry l/batfan! n.m. (pl. of
njs. <Ar) £s*>P'she' r iy yat n.f. poetical beauty

poetic element [A]

s^s"rie‘aA n.m. flash [A]

iA d»*'W Ml. flame, blaze t/I^Ue£sfto ( 'hi-

, jl Ao"\a-

\ . $& *oj. flaming blazing raining fire and
brimstone firebrand lah bkaboo'-

If h'sj v.t. fly into a passion ; flush with anger
JtJTJ**' At" las jmoa'lah n.m pirouetting

flame (fig.) beloved ; sweatheart 7
sho" la-kh»»' adj. fiery-tempered t/ J J^'Ao"lah-
rufeh, ^jJ^Ao°la-roo' n.m. &adJ. blazing beauty
& jj> sho l ‘la-zart adj. blazing flashing
ftjjj&s ho''la-za'r& n.f. blaze ; blazing
sho‘'la-Jishatt' adj. flame-scattering; fire-

- spitting fiery ft&jjjsho , 'la-fisha , i& n.f
f blaze ; blazing fire-spitting [A]

:s -V sho'oor' n-m. consciousness ego
J)r intellect wisdom adj

r conscious j^lz2 f tatft-Urt-sho'oor' n.m. - sub-
conscious mind ; the sub-conscious iSjJ^&rtah! t-
d Ush-shoWrl n-m. sub-conscious jy^V fa xho‘onr.'

* n.m. the unconscious mind sub-conscious
mind ; the sub-conscious ld(fjy^'illib^o , oo'rt
adj. sub-conscious (A] i

M ' M . j ac *‘ a U^<AV>«-Csa'g-« rur'rf
" U ^ bira'dar-e shaghaT PROv. the two are

1 equally bad |P] m a

tj>sha'gf\ab n.m. tumult (usu. as)

^ sJtor-o-sha'ghab n.m. noise and tumult [A1

n.m. interest in [A]

] n-m. deep love [A]

r thSgh'i (or shagh'f) n.m. (pl Jli^lashghal'i

occupation business vocation
avocation engagement [A]

" i • shifa n.f. cure healing recovery

- shifa-kha'nak n.m. (pl .CpWS

shifa'-kha'najat') hospital [A]

, *•£, Zshafa' l at n.f. intercession r»\2 Aa'ft' n.m
4 - / V* [AJ

• adj. transparent pellucid

clear [AJ

) ~,£*shafttfloo n.m. peach [P]

•rAaf'tal n.f. (dial.) slut

• LT

y .As* f'ah n.m. pre-emption
y sh'f'ah n.m. right of pre-emption (A)

l„ ‘lipsba'faq n.f. evening twilight , redness in

2 {J the horizon at evening t a '/ a i

phool'na v.i. (of redness) appear in the hori-
zon [AJ

** ' W 1 (P*^. Aa'faqat) n.f. affection

Csvour kindness J^n-m. it [AJ
Aqf n.m. intercessor n.m &

Qt adj. ★ [A-kSPfcJ] v

adj. affectionate kind n-m.
{Jf~ kind friend [A~»2 Sa^J
—A jtoif «-M. rent; cleavage split ; fissure/Jt/
^ shaq' q.iil-qa mar n.m lunar fissure ; split

405

the moor (as a miracle of the FToly Prophet)
i.jf Jr" shag' ho' ns v.i be rent , be split [A]

N F ,tcm |A]

U

« diiqaq' n.m enmity rift schism

• shaqs'aat n.f. misfortune wretched-
lA^ness villainy callousness [A]

»j»4 shqqs"iq n.m (also pl.) tulip [A]

J u-'

.4 shfiq qah n.m edict letter from a
superior flag , piece of cloth hoisted on
Shi'ite mourning flag [A]
pS sha qi x.m. & adj. (PL LaSlashqiya)
te __ unfortunate wretched j miserable

villamous ; vicious callous ^^ij^shaqiy'y-ul-
gal b adj. callous (A— £>)\2s]

^•frsshaqiq' M M (PL. ii^iasJnqqS') brother [A]

m *%sjuup’qah n.m temple , side of head
/•Aj; ( properly daf‘d-e shaqi'qah)

shak n.m. (pl. sJjC* shUkook') doubt
suspicion uncertain incredulity
shak’ par' ns v.i. suspect, have a doubt
ska*’ dal' ns v.t make suspicious cast a
doubt Aqk' rap' kar'ns v.t. dispel

a doubt remove a doubt I’jTLX? shak' kar'ns v.i.
doubt , suspect ^^'jtAaA'ifcl adj. suspicious
sceptical shhk 1 ki-mitiij' adj. incredulous

suspicious sceptical [A]

, j/j* *A/fa ra n M

r water taxi

light pleasure boat

„ shikar' h.m. game , hunting , shikar

chase prey quarry shikar’ ~ba1td

a.M saddle straps near horses tail for trying
game in jjLj& shikar" -poor n.m (fig.) Gotham
\Zjr\fjjt PC? shikar" -poor ks ejoc'/iya n.m. wise
man of Gotham iljfjtC? shikar' knr ns V - T -
hunt , prey upon catch shoot (game)
ensnare bag make (someone) one’s victim;
capture shikar" khrl’na v.t. go on a

ya hags' i prov false excuses put up at critical
juncture ifytfs shikar' -gsh M . f. game preserve

hunting ground Cjfjfc shikar' ho' ns v.i. fall

a prey (tot become a victim (of) be en-
snared (by) (fjtC'shiks'r t n.m. shikaree ;

sportsman ; hunter follower angler adj. of
the cl^asc ; hunting Of'(fj(C*'shika'it kui'ia n-m-
hound a species of large lean dogs kept
lor hunting [P]

„ shika'yol H.r complaint plaint
accusation grievance illness
vfg J <Ct&shika yat raf" kar’ns v.i redress a grie-
vance JA]

jjJoS shak' It n.f (dial.) strength [S]

shik'r n-m. thanks gratitude thanks
jf giving v/jP shik'r kar'na (or ba-ja'

la'na ) v t. & i. thank return thanks resi
content jij^z^'shuk' r-guw' adj. thankful ,
grateful : obliged VjfjiyJJshik'r-gitiar’ ho'na v.i
if jij^J^Sshkk'r- gilts' ri n.f. thankfulness; grati-
tude ; thanksgiving pj^'shukra' nah n.m. thanks-
giving , gratitude J^^^'^Pshukra'nt kt naf'l
n.m- PL. thanksgiving ; prayers shikriy jah

(or shuk'ri'yah) n.m thanks int. thank you ,
’k you [A]

/Asha'kar n.f sugar tjiyC'sha'kar-pa'raA n.m
sugar-coated vermicelli sha'kar-ta'ri

n.f. (arch.) while sugar jif'jP' sha'kar-khahd n-m.

smile joyful smile ij/’jC? sha' kar-kko' t ah
n.m. one having a sweet tooth j^Ci''sha'kai-
rah'ji n f tiff usu. temporary estrangement
between friends . estrangement
£fC^3 khuda •tha'kar-kho’re ko sha'kar hi de'ta hat
prov. he that eats good meal shall have a good
meal Vpfp* £Z-jZ? sh/i' kar sr muhh bhar’na v.t re ;
ward (someone) for conveying good news
sjia'kar-ret adj. sweet tongued mellifluous
sha'kar-qafi Vi (pcd. P* J*' tha’kar-qahd)

n.f. sweet potato sha’ kar-lsb adj. having

sweet speech n m- (fig ) sweetheart (fjP'sho'kan
n.m. a kind of small sweet berry t/’i^'jha'karin
adj. sugary sugar ; of sugar fJL.jC? thakonn
n.f saccharin [P]

shik’ ram n-m. phaeton

shik'rah n.m. hawk : falcon
OS ”

(ysjrikos't n-f. defeat rout . failure
breakage dilapidation drprrcia*
t ion ’ t : khur'ddk Apj. defeated,
routed defeatist ' l-khar'dah^

Ithmy'yai n . f . defeatist mental tty
shikas't-kh*r dagi n.f defeatism
shikas ' l-o-rtkh' t hi dilapidation &*&^khai'-H
shskas't n m- running hand (as a form of Urdu
script) z—^shikoi'lah adj broken snap-
ped ruined ; lying in ruins dilapidated
in a state of ill repair n.m- running hand

406

this as a form of Urdu script (J t Z-^'shikas'la-
bat shikas' la-par' adj. wretched f

miserable afflicted helpless t ^X'ihikas' ta-pa
adj. helpless unable to move
shikts'la pa's n ; f. inability to move help-
lessness sjiikos'ta haV adj. miserable ;

wretched down-trodden broken down adv.
in straitened circumstances (j Lr shikas' ta-ha' !i
M.r. being broken down ‘ wretchedness ;
misery shikas'ta-khalir adj. depres-
sed grieved Jj shikas' ta-dil' adj. broken

hearted shikas’ ta-di'li n.f. state, of .being

broken hearted ^Cs&’shikas' tagi n.f.. breaking
being broken breakage fracture
dilapidation dejection ruin [P ~
l/jj tiok'l (col. sha'kal) n.i\ (pl. Jtfyiashkai)
Ls shape form figure image
diagram condition ; state fashion ; style
means kind adj. like shak’t bigdr'na

v.t. mar disfigure shakl-bana'na v.t.

& r. draw a diagram .make a likeness (of)
give shape (to) jXjJ ^ shak'l to dekko j n t.
look fool. (etc. ) posing as sage (etc.)
*ujs;cifo/h^ ak 7 chure'lon ki no.'/ par' job ka
prov. ugly witch strutting about as beauty
CJpjPihak 7 niksl'na v. i. find (some) way out ;
give (oneself or something), a form
shak’l-o shamaii n.f. appearance and character
dP’rfham-shak'l adj. similar (to) looking like
looking alike [A]

Xs shi'kam n.m. stomach ; belly u

y shi'kam- par’ -oar adj. & n.m. glutton <Sjjf(P

shikam-par’ vans n.m. gluttony shi'kam ser 1
adj. & adv. _ satiated well-to-do ; well-off
shi’kam-ser' ho kar khana v.t. eat?,
to one’s fill (Jy-f sjn' kam-st' r\ m .k. satiaty
shi'kami adj. of or relating to the belly
private ; secret inherent dependent ; sub-
ordinate j\j yij^^'shi'kami kiraja-dar’ n.m. sub-
tenant (P)

shikan n.f- crease wrinkle fold
Cr sup. breaking C*/.^f~~'shi'kan par'na v.i.
be creased L mu' the (or ab'roo

me*) shikan par’na v .1. frown ; show signs of
displeasure £1 i*(yshi' knit dal'nn v.t. crease
fold par (or ab'roo

nth) shikan dal'na v.t. show sign of dis-
pleasure [P]

» Cfshikatijoh n.m. clamp book-binder's
press stocks . torture. straitened
circumstances shikan je mth khinefna

v.j. put on ’the stocks torture ; put in

deserv-

straitened circumstances [PJ .

^ shukoofl n-M. (pl. of m. ★)

shakoor ’ n.m- thankful person

ing thanks (A ~ X^'shiik'r]

(p shUkok’ (col. shikoh') n.m. pomp
QJT' grandeur splendour state ; majesty
epjOO sha n-o-shUkoh’ n.m. pomp and show
grandeur [P]

/pshik’wh n.m. complaint ; plaint
OJ lamentation o/^^ij^java'b-e shik'oah m.m.
answer to the complaint eJ'^ r rij£y l p'shik'oa-o-
javfb-e shik'vah n.m' complaint and answer

i Q shak'va n-m- complaint ; plaint

(jJr\ lamentation [A - doublet of prec.]
sham adj. (see under N.M. it)

~shikeb[ n.f- patience enduranc

'} yS* sab' r-o-sjdkeb' n.m. patieiu^

and endurance ' L^j hikt'ba adj. patient
shikfba'i n.m. patience endurance [P]
PPshakii adj. handsome ; comely

o

ifp-'S a f' H M *

rrpvirp ri

split (in pen or nib)

crevice crack cleft rent slit
fissure chasm i\f5o€*s]iigaf' pat ja'na v.i.
have a s\\t(C0V)C;jCfi^'shigaf‘ de'na (or laguna)
v.t. split (a pen) cleave (P]

s Jt‘g ar ’f AD J- strange curious (P)

M »fpshig~f'tah n-m. blooming happy

/rfP' shiguf la-khji' tir, &l}AZ*&shigQf'la-

mizaj' n-m. & adj. cheerful humorous
(person) jjXj&shigdf'ta-roo' adj. &^n.m. (one)
with a cheerful countenance shigftflagl

n.f. blooming cheerfulness happy
countenance streat of humour sJtigUf’ tan

n.m- blossoming shigoo’fah n.m. bud

blossom (f>g ) fib ; squib <CjXh)£fj£j jP
shigoo’fah ptiooina (or khil’na) v.i. blossom
bud spread' Vjjtf’jjPshigoo'fah dthar’na v. fib
let off a squib (,*// J J*? shigoo'fah la'na v.i. bud

blossom sprout [P]

shigoo'fah n.m. (see under adj. -jfr)

iP

ft* shugoon' n-m- omen ; augury Vo.
(*)jr shugoon' le'na v.t. practise augury
consider 'as an omen l/!clP'shQgoori ho’na v.i.
be an omen of

shUgoorJ he life ap’m nak' kstva'ni prov.
one’s nose to spite one’s face [P]

cut

407

or

j &

iy rial adj. (usu. of hands or feet) bcnumb-
{j ed palsied crippled greatly
fanned [P] . x

shal'jam, f shal'gham n.M. turnip (fi
r* n shal'jaml ADJ. large (eyes)

•* , A sjtalaq k m. box VJo&^s" Mrb-t s±alaq
kar'na v.t. box

/A shal'lak n f. volley of guns volley
^^Aria/tflg' k.u. shilling [E]

gishalatig' n.F. leap ; bound thalahg'

bhar'tts v.i. leap [PJ s, A
^jj^sjiilafi'gz m.m. tack V/fJtiZ stilah'gi bhar'na
v.t. & i. tack ; baste
shalvar' h-F. a kind of loose cover for
* * lower limbs ; trousers ; breeches ; panta-
loon [P]

^j'jZ'Shalok, fjjf^iashlok' m m. (dial.) hymn [S]

/A shalooka n-M. half-sleeved waistcoat with
P Jr pockets

it* shal'lak, Jp sho'lah k.m. rice cooked in
mince, potherb and pulse [PJ
•• ty shali'lah n.m- canvas sack tent, etc.
/ *»* stuffed in such sack

••j* shamatat n F. rejoicing at (another’s)
C/ , \r distress (AJ

.A shumar' n.M. counting ; enumeration
estimation account . (usu.
nam'bar shumar') number vfj (?” shumar' kar'na
v.t. county compute reckon consider
ft/; l j l" fl/t/lP' shumar' met a'na (or hti’na) v.i. be
worth consideration ejlr shuma'rah k.m. issue
(.of periodical) number tfjliP' shuma'ri suf.
counting ; enumeration census (Sjlf'f*/ mar'-
dum-shuma'rl n.F. census; population. census
Of j (S' shjumanyyal’ m-F- statistics Jf./U'' shuma-
riyya'ti adj. statistical [P] .

j ip Mmol’ m.m. north SJJ shimaT -roo’ytjh
w adj. opening on the jiorth
shimal'-maxh’riq n.M. north-east shimal '-

mash'riqi ADJ. north-eastern north-easterly^
t-SfS'dtS’ shimal' -ma$' rib h.m. north-west Jpljf
shimal' majjk'ribi adj. north-western north;
westerly J* yhimi'd adj. northern fjf JU 5
rhimatl htatf, JLPjO bo'd-t shimal' h.F. north
wind ; Boreas (A]

f shamaf l or shi-) n.f- north wind : Boreas

0 ^ [A)

Jp shama'mah m m- fragrance (A]

if dh sbama”U «.«■ h. nature , disposition
(J I T qualities ; excellences [A]

p shi' mar jj-M. name of one of Yazid’s
S generals who killed Imam Husain
(hence as abusive term) inhuman (AJ .

jp sham’s n m- (pi . j'/'shdmoos’) sun OfOr**
C' sham' s-ulama' n-M. sun of the savants (as

title conferred on .Muslim religious scholars of
British India) sham'sa n.M. thread circlet
in rosary gold tjisc ? n tomb, etc. (f** sham' si
adj. solar Jls(f^~sham'st sal' adj. solar year (A]
lip shamshad' n-m- box-tree qad' (d)-t

shamshad' n-m tall and graceful stature
like that^of pyx [PJ

i. sham shoo kar'na v.t. separate gravel,

etc. from cereal soaked in water
i** shamshir' (or shamsher') n-f. scimitar;
SZT sword Jf shamshir'-baz adj. sword-
man, master of fence if)b / p^Aamdnr'-baf& K-F-
sword-play ; fencing shamriiir'-taa n-m.

swordsman ‘JJyJ^shomshU'-ta’a N.F. sword-
play ; fencing [P jr J

JJf sham" (col. sha’ma') n-f -i candle

(extend sepse) lamp Aam"-da*’ m-m-
candlestick JJ £? sham"- roo' adj. lovely
sham" som'ne a’na v.i. (in a poetical symposium)
be one’s turn to recite (jls gf'shQm"-saft bright

like the candle sham"-t mUt’dah

(or kush’iah) n.f. extinguished lamp [Pj •

A, sham'lah n.m. loose end of turban
0* sham'lah barmiqda'r-t ‘if* Fnov. style of
dress bespeaks the man x
/ p shumool' n-m. shUmooliy’yat parti-

cipation inclusion (A—
p sham'mah n-m- (rare) white of fragrance

a little sham'mah Usat adj.

little (A]

Jr* shamlm n-F fragrance fragrant

r— breeze (AJ

• A shina'kht (ped. shanakh't) N-F. te-
cognition identification acquain-

tance knowledge being conversant (with
letters of the alphabet) identify-A^^C^
shinakjx t-pared' n.f. identificatiori paradet£^l>
shinakh'i kar'na v.i recognise identify
know be able to decipher (letters of alphabet)

1*1

A shmas' (ped. shatiis') PREF- knowing
acquainted with understanding
able to read (something) Ce' shim (I (p^ ^
shana m) PRF.F knowing acquaintance wtth

understanding abiliiy to read ‘something)

ir-cTid]

408

..A shina'sa' (pcd. shana'sa) n.m acquaintance
Ls& shtnasa"i (ped. shana'sa) N.t arqu-
intance . knowledge [P ~

A shitta'var n.m. swimmer shiita oars

n-f. swimming [P]

sham' bah n.m. Saturday P-^zyok-sham' bah
/ *i n.u. Sunday p&}> do-^am'bah nm Mon-
day st-sham' bah n.m. Tuesday

chahad -sham’ bah n.m. Wednesday p^g-pahj-

skam'bah n-M- Th trsday [P)

fikshahg adj amorously playful jusu. as
>-J> , ^p (see upder z,p ad|. if)

• fit — a 1 , &’ ra f' shafj’rqf n.m. cinnabar;

vcrmillion ‘dJPshahgraji adj. Vermil-
lion {?]

• A shimta (ped. shunuva') adj. & n-M. hearer;

lJ> listener ip’shurwa'i (ped. shunuoa'"i}
n.f. giving a hearing^ response to (some-
one's) call, etc. shurwa"i ho’na v.i ob-

tain a hearing ; be attended to ; have a response
(to) [P-cfcy^J , .i

•A ihunid' n.m. act of hearing^ J jp shunt da ni
a; adj. worth hearing ejp ijhura' dah adj.
heard n.m... rumour that which is heard
‘’j^sjifksjPd’jPshunl' dah kai' bacad' manah'd-e di'dah
prov. seeing is believing reports are i no
substitute for first-hand knowledge (P -
-Jj? shaiu'\ (pl. dhanl'^ah) adj. bad ,

(j? evil abaminable jPffijlaf's'l-t spans ' 'ah
n.m. pl. evil deeds [AJ
^ shau n.m. husband fP~ ^jcP'cont]

A shiv N.M. (Hindu deity) Shiva JP shiva -
' /ah, ])ly shiva' la N.M. Shiva's temple
any Hindu temple ; temple (S)
i . A. shavoal' n.m. tenth month of Hijri year
t) (heralding ‘Id-uI-Fitr’) [AJ
. A shtva/a, J\p Shiva’ /ah n.m. (see under P
$ s fi,tv n-M-

dP shaoa’hid h m- (pl. of jfl?n.u it)

A shob n.m. washing; wash ink stick-
ing on to nibl^w Pshob’ padna v.i. (of
clothes) be washed [P]

• A shokh adj. sprightly wanton

naughty saucy , pen bold daring
bright (colour) fast (colour) shokft' -

cjtash’m adj. insolent . impudent wanton-
eyed iffcPshokh’-chash-ml H . f. insolence ;
impudence wantonness & t s , £,psbpkh' -mifaj’
adj. gay naughty i*j£2jgysho'kh-o-shaiig
adj. gay and amorously playful (jy'shokhi

n M. humour playfulness wantonnrss
coquetry sauc inrss mischief . naughti-
ness [P]

A shoo' dor (ped shood'r) untouchable
fourth and servile caste among the
Hindus [S]

A shot nm. noise uproar ; tumult
J* clamour outcry ; agitation fame ;
renown salimity , soil salimity adj. salt ,
brackish pref evil ; ill <£pjp shod -bakhl' 'Dj
unlucky ' ti’ b A shod urh'na v.i. (of noise; be .
(of uproar) be raised c£jjP shot' • famin' , jy’rfj
zami'n-t shod n.f. saline soil unculturable
land f Ip/P shor' shara' ba n.m. noise dis-
turbance (Cl/iyvPiP s J/ or ' kar'na (or mocha na)
v i make a noise disturb hoot kick
up a row agitate ( against h clamour ffor)

^/jjP sho'r o-shad . jJf'sho ' r-o-sha' ghab h . m .

uproar clamour tumult bustle
sjio'r-o-shain x.m. outcry wailing
sho' r-o-ghul , £ jr s jp sho’t-o-ghau’gha N. m. noise
disturbance (p^psho'nbh n.f. tumult
commotion agitation disruption breach
of the peace jjpi/jpshn' ush-pasafid' n.m dis-
ruptionist^f^t/'yj-'sfco'nsA pasafi'ds n.f disrup-
tion tjp she' rah n.m. nitre ; saltpetre adj. &
prf.k. mad ^IJpff^jPsho're ki If fab' N m nitric
acid «J iPojpsho’ru-pash'l adj. unruly ; refractory
n m. disruption^ sho' fa-push' It n.f dis-

ruption,//.; ojpsho' ra-r.ru' n.m saline soil, tm-
culturable land sSSjpshouy yal, n.f. salinity
brackishness cj,jp short' dah adj. & n.m-
disturbed mad lunatic wretched or miser-
able (person) y/yj-jp short' da-sar adj. mad
I refractory desperately in love if/Sfjyjy' short' da
sa'ri, (fj.jp short dags n.f. madness re-
fractoriness passionate love (P)

I A shoo' ra n F. Privy Council con-
IjJs . sU ltativf body council consulta-
tion ; deliberation [A - ojy'}

I A Shod ba, fjp shot’ bah (cot. tjp'shudoa)
n.m. stew broth [P|

A shod bn> adj. (same as yjfJp'ADj. ★)

* A A shdnsh N.F ojp shdrafl N M. Cfjy'shony-

yot N.F (£ajP short dags N.f.
shori’dah adj. see under jp n.M. it)
i, A sho'sbah N.M. flourish (of penile.)

P r mischief (rare) par tic! e rho shah

chhodna v.i. start mischief ; stir trouble Pp U
naya sho’shah n M mischievous hint or act [P]

409

« M

paa'/ar h m chauffer (El

„ 4 jfttnif n.m desire tunging passion
" fondness eagerness avidity
interest pleasure £ tjr l jy' shauq third’ na (dial.
ehim'na) v.i. have a desire for *£. ^y’iA-/)(ba're)
sjhauq ' se > adv. with (great) pleasure certainly
J •} j shautpo - gauq ' n.m. shavqiri adj.

fond (of) eager (for) lustful n-m- one lead,
mg a gay life, rake shauqiy'yah adv.
lovingly just for fun [A]

shau’kat n.f power might pomp
grandeur magnificence splendour
state dignity c/y j ^12 sha' n-o-*hau kat n.f.

“state and dignity power and might
splendour grandeur [A]

. A shoom adj. & n.m. miser ; niggardly
(person) unlucky Thoo' mi n.f*

miserliness ; niggardliness ; stinginess mis.
fortune J ; ) shoo'rm-e bakWt (or taqdir

or tale') n.f. illuck ; misfortune (P)

,A A. shooft' shah' n.f. vanity

i A shoo' -ham (or -ha ran) n.m. shoe horn [E]

'My* . .

A shau’har n.m. husband y^yjljj la' n-o shau'-
/r* har n.m. pl. man and wife [P]

£» shah N.M. (CONTR. of o& jj-M. A)

i A shihab' n.m. (pl. t-^sr'sbo hub)
1 »r spark live coal

flame

meteor

bright

shiha’b-e sitqib n.m. meteor

flame [A]

^ I A pahs’ dot n.f. martyrdom witness ;

evidence xcsiimonyi^^ytfcssbir' shaha' dat
(ka mar’labah) pans v.i. be 'martyred bj
shaha’dat de’na v.i. give testimony or evidence
bear witness (to) testify jy<f shahid n.m.
A I paha' dat la uhg'/i C’jM&tfaiigup' t-r
shaha’dat n.f- fore-finger ( jLjifeyljfshaha' dat-gah
(or -gak) n.f. place of martyrdon [A]

^ I i pahs’ mat n.f. prowess bravery
heroism [A]

. i A shahs' nah n.m. name of a musical mode
** marital song bridal dress time
for wedding procession lovely weather

l~P'*l

A sbaih’d (ped. pok'd , col. shai'had) n.m
A/r honey ff^y’paik'd ki mak’khi n.m.
bee U* tfj jjf> shaih' d lags’ kar (hit 'na v I. (iron)
keep (trifle) as souvenir jA]

| A shoh'haz n.m. (falcon (also see under *1?)

fpi

shah' pat n.m. principal feather in bird’s
yZ* wring (also see under o\y A)

»• <A shah'tarah n.m fumitory (also see under
, aP 4 ) [P] (see under c k? if)

M shaihtoot' n m. mulberrv (also see under

'7£ a) ip]

•\yshaihllr' n.M. beam (also sec undei

sr o*+) [P]

A shoh'da n.m. rake ; debauchee rascal,
’yCT scoundrel tramp ; loafer . (dial i

buffoon jjsp b- luch'cha shoh'da N.M. tfjlvi'poti' da
P au ,iifcjJf y shoh’d-pan n.m. debauchery ras-
cality

jjjjjp P°kada‘ n.m. (pl. of jy? n m- A)

Jr, shah’r n.m. (pl. jyr' shohoor’ y'S ask'kur )
S'* month [A] _ ^

A, shaik’r (col. shai’kar) n.m* city ‘7'yjy‘paih’T-
S* ashob ’ n.m- poem describing a ruined

city social satire ja shaih' r ba-dar' adj.
banished shaih’r ba-dar’ kar’na v.T.

banish iVyir shaihr' bass' nd v.i. found a cit\

set up a new colony o^iyy paih'r-panoh’ n.f.
city walk fortifications of a town jsfy* y pai'har
khab'ra n.m. one who could tell you all the
scandals of the town (jUjJy' shaih' r-s khamo -
shsfi N.M. graveyard ; cemetery b pai'har
■da’ ri, n. f. (col.) citizenship jjyp' shaih'r- gar' d,
iZ^yr" shaih' r-gash' t, lAy' shaih' r-paima n.m.
(arch.) city patrol (arch.) tramp adj. moving
all over the town ; chy-w\de(t‘j,JZ/ji L iiyf' shaih' r
mth ooh't bad'-nam' prov. notorious person
a bad wound heals but a bad name kills Ayr*
shaih' r-yar' n.m. king ; sovereign (fjLy'paik'r-
ja'rt n.f. sovereignty tfyj shaih’ ri adj. urbar.
n.m. townsman citizen national of i.
Slate sSCy? shaih' riy'y at n.f. civics citi-
zenship nationality [P]

Jr, sjtoh' rat n.f. fame; reputation
known celebrity report (of )L'J'i / Xz£sy’
poh'ral pai'da kar'tia v.i. become famous
build up a reputation [A]

Af shonrah n.m- fame ; reputation re
•0/r nown ; calabrity report publicity ,

propaganda (j\> \ e/Y* shoh' ra-e afaq adj famous;
renowned ; of world fame [A doublet ol prlc.J
* . A pah a ns adj. bridal bright red

jy |~P ,V)

? \ pah' tag n.f. jugular vein (also see
under ^(An.m. A)

C 3 shaih’ t\ adj. 4 n.m- iddsyf’ shaikriy'yrU n f
(see under y? shaih’r n.m A)

we

J

. | shaihza'dah (ped. shah'-) n.m. prince
° if^S? shaihzadi (ped. shah') n.f- prin-

cess Jxlyt' shaihza'dagi (ped.- shah'-) n.f, stare of
being prince; princehood fa iso under 5 li n.m. # )

(P]

•Zi shahsavar' n.m. horseman

' see under

jockey

(also see undci 0 P ★) [P]
shah'kar N. jj. masterpiece (also

J6sr ,(j n.m, [p]

A shah' la adj. dark (narcissus) dark

jVr grey (eyes) (eyes) betraying signs of

intoxication n.f. blonde Hy' {J^ y nar'gis-e shah' la
n.f. dark narcissus (fig.) lovely ineb-
riated eyes IAJ

A, shahna"i n.f. flageolet ; flute [P~ ti>

. . A shahanshah' n.m. emperor (also see under

o&S .£★)[?]

•J shahvar’ adj. worthy of a sovereign
j's' royal (also see under tie n.m. -ft) [P]

A);, shah nashifi’ n.f. balcony dais
royal seat (also sec under A( L ).[P]

* A shahnani adj. (see under dsyS n.f. ★)

J W

^ it shah 1 vat (col. shaih’vat). n.f. lust; lechery ; 1
lasciviousness j-fusest sb±ah' vat-ahgez' adj.
lascivious aphsodisiac shah' vat

paras’ t adj & n.m. lustful (person) ; lascivious
(person); rake; debauchee shah' vat-

paras' tt n.f. lustfulness ; lasciviousness
shah'vanl adj. carnal [A]

A, shohood' n.m. omnipresence of God (as a
mystical experience) [A~ sZjli]

A shaih n.f. incitement undue support
J> .shaih de’na v.t. incite give
undue support (to)

i shahid’ .N m. (pl. Ij^'sJiohada') martyr
Vj'sJf' shahid’ kdr'na v.t. martyr [is; as?
shahid' ho'na v.l. be martyred ; become a martyr
i'jr Ji la 'h°o la S d ' kar shahi'don

met) sha’mil ho'na PROV. claim a reward without
making a sacrifice (f^shahi'di adj. (dial.)
martyr ; comprising (would-be) martyrs (of
water-melon) red through and through
[A - &>l?)

A shahir' adj. famous ; well-known , renown-
Sf; ed [A —

yjr sho'oon' n m. pl. conditions affairs

(A ~ S1NO.

A sha t i (pl. LZiathra') n.f. wng
^-•'object matter ; affair something cx-

traordinary sha'-e-lali/‘ n f shrewdness

brains

A shajatin' n.m. (pl of *)

At

ft

^ shjzm' adj. (same as f’ls adj. & n.m. it)

gshaibn.sn. old age senility 1 grey-
ness of hair IP 'L fshai' b-o-shab' n.m. pl

youth and age [A]

shaildt (col. shekh) n.m. (pl. Z/Jf shuyookh')
4/ Azad tribal chief ; sheik venerable
old man saint one’s saintly guide (as
title for convert to Islam) venerable name of
a Muslim business community title of one of
its members (member of) a respectable Muslim
family (courtesy title for) weaver s.c.
shaikh' ji n.m. .courtesy title for shaikh’
(iron.) prude shekhani or {shai-) n.f.
woman belonging to a shaikh family wife of
a shaikh shekhookhiy'yat n.f. old age

if: '&rsheMt skU’ti n.m. name of a legendary
fool idle schemer ; one building castles in the
air visionary J s_hekh e. hafidnl ' n.m. (sat.)
glutton sjSjVff, shekh dofido n.f* traveller’s smalt
effigy with sack on bag for causing rain to cease
l^ftf . shekh’ra n.m. derogatory title for a ! shaikh’
tss'g'f shekh sad' do n.m. legendary .evil spirit
supposed to possess woman or bless them with
children [A] A

‘eb she'khi n.f. Jioast ; brag j\ she'khi-
baz’, utf^she'hJp-kh 0 ' rS *•**• boaster ;
braggart Cj & she'khi bagkafna (or mdr'-

na ) v.i boast ; to brag khi kir -

kiri kar'na, O^'fr^she'khi nikal^na v.t. have
one’s pride humbled L’jJ” (fyCfff^she' hhi''kir J JnTr
ho'na, l&'gr'she'khi ni'kalna v.i. (ofhlufl)
be called (of one’s pride) be humbled
. A sjiaida adj. Joving doting (on) n.m.

lover 'jljj' ihdido't n./. lover (PJ
. A slit'di (cJZ'sTdt n.m. (title for) Negro (P)

(Stf* “ .

A xher n.m* tiger (fig.) lion -heart, adj.
brave lion-haart adj. brave

I,on hearted J i \ / f thdr-afgan ADJ. & » b ™ ve
(person) b&'bw (col. a

she, n.m. lion Sy? she, 1 -bach' hah n.m. (arch.)
" brave person tiger (or lion) cub a kind
of small musket O} i
bak’ rt ek' g%M pi'tti pi'te hath PROV. perfect
peace prevails (under) high and low get equal

justice. the reign of ii iyf f

of God (as appellation *p£ Hazrat S\x)e/!!

411

she' re qalin' n.m., a carpet lion ; a figure head ; a
braggart J?. tfy? tier' ka ba&ckah n.m. tiger (or
lion) cub t f / z'sbtr’ kl kha’lah n.f. (euphe-
mism for) cat sher’-mard n.m. lion-heart ;
brave man adj. brave; valorous lion-hearted
IS?//?' sher'-mar'di n.f. bravery ; valour Vjfyp'
tCirjfl ) sher'ho'na (or hoja'na) v.i. get encour-
agement dyiP sher'm n.f. tigress, lioness
'IP? sherd! nah adj. & adv. like a lion
brave(ly) [P]

»j, shir n.m. milk shtr'-paima n m.

yiC lactometer shir'-kkar' n.m. infant;

babe suckling Mr' gar'm adj. luke-
warm shl'r-e madar Aty. lawful ; permis-

sible n.m. mother’s milk JlyP' shir'-ml n.m.
bread made from leaven kneaded in milk : milk-
bread ; bun shfr-o-sha' kar adj. hand in

glove shi'r-o sha'kar ho' na v.i. be

intimate friends be hand in glove (with) [P]
0 ji3~ irn ' zaA n.m. stiching (in book bind-
J S~. ing) organisation (fig.)

Mra'zah bd khama v.i. be disorganised ; be in a
mess shirt za-bah'di n.f. stitching (in
bookbinding) (fig.) organisation ; control

shira'zf n.m. a kind of pigeon (inhabitant)
or’Shiraz (in Iran) [P]

shedra n.f. (see under n.m. sher 44)

?$*' rafl n.m. syrup treacle ; molasses
°/Z golden syrup (fruit) juice sap [PJ
jjy sM’rih adj. sweet mellow mel-
lifluous gentle ; suave n.m. name of
Khusro Parvez of Persia’s queen passionately
loved by a quarryman-artist Farhad b<iXzp
shir'ifi-ada adj.

shir' Or bay an' (or zaban' or kaldm' or ’moqaV) adj.

eloquent soft-spoken fP-J^shlri'm n. f .
sweetmeat sweets sweetness malliflu-

cnce^[P]

Zj&shisham n. f. a kind of tree prized for
f* ** t its hards wood ; ‘shishum’ its wood
^j&Msh n.m. (same as(/i^N,M. if)

^4^d$sh pref. (see under JU^n.m if)

a*. M'shak n.m. glass looking glass
glass pane bottle ; flask JirP^shi'sha-baz
n.m. acrobat dancing with flasks balanced
on head juggler fraudulent personCCJ-J^
M'sha-ba'ft n.f. feats of such acrobats
jugglery fraud tM' sha-b a sh a adj. fragile

s S**" M'sha-ga r n.m. glazier fraudulent

d#ft

person ISJppp srn' sha-ga' ri n.f. glazier’s trade

fraud M’shak dikha'na v.t. show

a looking glass (to). let (some one) see his.
misdeeds she men ular'na v.t. tamp

a spirit (ftPshi'shi n.f. bottle u phial <J~^
shish pref. glass glassy fj^f/^MsW-mahqX
(col. shish’ -mad haal) n.m, glass house

mirror hall [P]

p shailan’ n.m. (p'L.trffyPshayatin) satan
\* devil ; demon (fig.jmischievous person
(fig.) evil genius (fig.) imp

j shailan' se ziyadah (or za’de ) mashhoor'
adj. notorious shaitan' sir

par cjiarh'na (or savar' ho' it a) v.i. be possessed
by the devil became devilish ^h'i'jy^p'shaitan'
ki ant' adj. & n.f. tedious (matter) very
long (object) long and intricate
shaitan ki kha'lah n.f. mischievous woman ^thfP
lytfjy'J^shaitan' ke kan baih're int. God forbid
may none hear it

shaitan' ne. kan' meti phoohk'^di'ya hai PH. has been
beguiled by the devil b£'shaita'm adj. devilishj
diabolical n.f. mischief ; wickedness
shaita’m had k at (ped. -ffa! rad) n.f. mischief a
wickedness diabolical
shaita'm (or shaitad ka)Jash!kRr n.m. imps
impish crowd vas^vasah n.m.
atheistic doubt evil trend d^shai' tanat n.f.

wickedness devilishness unchief

mailce [A]

dpM"ah n.m. sect regarding Hazrat Ah
■»T as direct lawful successor to the Holy
Prophet rejecting the other orthodox caliphs
follower of this secj ; Shi'ite ; Shiah (rare)
group ; coterie <Jdfshi,"‘i n.m. ,& ADJ. (PL.
M'Hyyan') Shi’ite [A~ fP&tp]

— •A shef tah adj. . enamoured infatuated
with love i^d'shtf tagi n.f. love
fondness madness [P~ 1

pshek'Spi'yar n.m. Shakespeare the

greatest playwright (of) [E]

r* shiyam' n.m. pl.

-»^SING.

n n.m, naihe jf the

habits manners [A ~

_ _ A

'** Mm' <]aj' h durSst’ ko'na v.t. have a good
pronunciation not to boor [A]

she va adj eloquent &btjjpshe’v8-bayan' (or
-ytift) eloquent (J,y',!j£'she'vu-baya'ta n.f.
eloqueaec [P] _ ^

^y^shuvoejeh' n.m. (of pl. n.m if )

. /pshuydB 1 ' n.m. (giving or gaining) cur-

(j'P, rency (to aamethirtg) spiead issue (of

412

0/?

periodical [A &]

. £ tie' van n.m. lamentation ■ plaint
C)jZ clrtfjJL'na'la-o she' van n.m. crying and
lamentation [P]

Zf&t'vah n.m. manner peculiar habit
OJft> coquetry ; blandishment [A]

*sad, (col. swad) twentieth letter of Urdu
i/ alphabet (also called sa'd-e moh'malah) ;
(equivalent ' to s in English) ; (used only in
words of Arabic extraction) (according to
jummal recoking) 90

*sad (abb. of sahrik') O.K. ; okay (abb of

’ sallallahu ‘alai-he va-sallam) (written after
the Holy Prophet’s name) peace be on him [A]
jt sa'bir adj. patient enduring for-
• "^bearing [A

'b'&ntffjjssahooti n.m. soap

n.m. Sabaean [A]

sa'klb (col. sab) n.m. (pl. ^l/fasbab^lurle
^fyfsakiban') courtesy title put at end of
name) Mr. (f. /€? mem, mem' sa'hibah )

Englishman * (F.^l+sa'ftibah) Westernized
Oriental Anglophile courtesy title append-
ed to masculine or feminine names master
(rare) companion adj. having ; possessing
possessed of endowed withjl^L^Uia'AiA-r

ightiyar' adj. Sl n.m. (one) vested with
authority powerful (person) authority
Jl^'^Usa'kib-e akhlaq' adj. polite ; well be-
havcd(jUt^i^J3 lib~e iqbal' adj. lucky ; fortu-
na.te t ^j%£,£rUsa'hib-e ta'j-o-takh't n.m sovereign
^XL^Usa'hib-e ladinr' n.m. A adj. actful
(person) prudent person diplomatist^Vi^U
sahib-e tamU.' adj. i ntel ligeno jjkifu^fsa'^ib-e
ja'idad' n.m. landlord man qf propert adj.

propertied (person, class, etc. )(Jfa r S’L*sa'bib(-e)
jamal' adj. pretty ; beautiful ; handsome ; lovely
J^L^Usa'Aib-e hal n •M & adj. mystic(al)
dC tfjbsa'ftib-t ha'l-o-qaV ADJ. scholarly mystic
ffUsa’tib^e) kha'nah n.m. master of the
house hostel J,i^U(or Jj^U) {sa'Aib(-e) diV
ADJ. & n.m. God-fearing (person) mystic
dsi Si' hib{-e) zauq’ adj . & n . m . cultured
person a man) of tastc tJ J^fUsa'Aib^a'dak
N.M. Son (of \ respectable person young

gentleman^tt^Uja'^iA sola' mat n.f. nod-
ding acquaintance exchange of greatings
being on speaking terms v/ith)£&r{ssa'fiib-e
saii'qah adj. dulled in manageined ; wellr-
organzingc^t^Leia'AiAfw) ‘ad&'lat n.m. just or
equitable person Jq^rUsa hib-e ‘aq'l n.m. & adj.

wise intelligent shrewd t/'l/^rlesa'kib-t

far ash’ adj. bed ridden (^jf^Usa' hib-qirah' adj. &
n.m. fortunate (person) ; one born -with Venus
and Mercury in one sign of Zodiac^L^Usa'hib-e
qa'lam N.M. writer; penman <Jb£su>sa'Aib-e kftab '
h m. prophet having a book revealed to him‘r*£»
Cf / sa ' lnb-e kara'mal adj. & n.m. (saint) able to do
marvels ijtC r ^'U’ia'Ai6(-i) kamal' adj. perfect ;
accomplished having consumate abilit
saftib^-e) rmzar adj. & n.m. intelligent pers-
picacious mystic(al)Ptfl > ’ , aJ5i^a7i' n.m. pl.
gentlemen (arch.) Englishmen^U>ja'AtAaA n.f.

• lady ; a woman of rank adj. having possess-
ing possessed of endowed (with)
be gum sa'hibah (col. be’ gam sab) n.m.

lady mistress of the house sa'hib

(col. mem' sa'b) n.m. English woman any
Western woman sa'hib aur mem

ss.'hibi-^’Lut-J'luSfmini sab Sab ' n.m. Pi..
Westejm(ized) coupic^jfL/ra'AfAil n.f. Westerni-
sation (arch.) being a master [A]

I sad n.m. name of letter tf O.K. ; okayjjj>l»
sad ' kar'na v.T. okay [A]
i i . sa'dir adj. issued passed arrived

W*”* proceeding (from) ; emanating (from)t(ziU*
sa'dir kat'na v.t. issue (order) pass (order)
enact (law) L'jfjsL* sa'dir ho'na v.i. be issu-
ed be passed be enacted (of crime, etc )
be committed ; be perpetrated emante (from)
be received (from)[A ~ j)**\

*2 | sa'diq adj. true sincere just
{^•''faithful veracious act fJdjUsadiq
a 'tta v.t. & i. apply ; be applicable (to)
be apt suit come true d^d jl*sa' diq-uh
qauV adj. true to one’s word n.m. a man of his
word [A

•» t .ra'rt/ n.M. {vi.j#l*sarifiri) consumer

«• . sa'iqah n.f. lightning ; thunderbolt [A]

. I saf adj. clean clear pellucid

*■'*•*' bright (sky) smooth legible plain

distinct simple plain precise

open frank innocent pure

entire adj. cleanly c (parly entirely

5 W l £>lfsaf' inkar' kar'na v.i. ’‘refuse pointblank
dslijlssaf' bat n.f. fact of the matter frank

rtalk something said without reserve (jftOU
saf -ba’ tin adj. with a clear conscience ihrJZtJfOb*
saf' tbkoo}' j ana v.t. escape unpunished

be let off without punishment JijUsaf'-dil’ adj .

frank ; candid open hearted guileless

£*\£'T*sZj shaffaf adj. transparent pellucid

•-JOl *saf saf adv. plainly openly
flatly without rcxrvcCC'jtUOUsaf' saf

suna'na V.i, give (someone) a piece of one’s
mind ; do some plain peaking lifaUdfUsaf saf
kaih'na v.i. say openly say plainly blurt
out speak without reserve !l/c»l*saf' kar'na
v.t. clean wash cleans? wipe
tidy up clarify make a fair copy (of)
purify effect a catharsis purge comb

out-Clnj/'csl^saf karja'na v.t. make a clean
sweep (of) eat everything up finish off'
"IrJ^'oUsaf ni'kalja'na v.i. get off scot-
free make off with all speed steer clear (of) .

IjfCsUsaf ho'.na v.i. be clean be tidy
be tidied up (of sky) be clear ; be cloudless
(of copy) be made fair (of
account) be settled ; be cleared •
safah n.m. small turban ; cloth
wrapped round head^Ura/fc n.f.
duster dish clouc piece of cioth
for straining adj. (rare) clean ^
clear pure j U safari n.f. ★ [ ~ A J l*~. li^l

2 isaleb (PL. y^suldha) adj. (f. /{*s a lehah
■p-L.^^Usalehat') pious virtuous
righteous orthodo x i^Usalihiy'yat n.f.

piety virtue nghteousness<5(^U , m7e/ist'
n.m. pl. chaste women [A- frit*]

sa’mit adj. silent quiet reticent
^CfjtsA>>sa'kit^hsa'mit ADJ. mum
tongue-tied stunned- [A]
y . saw ‘ pl.'fr&sunna'') n.m. the Creator
C/*^(as an attribute) of God maker
sa'w'-e,haqt‘qi God ; the real Creator OjSffy
sa'nt'H qUd'rpl n.m. (God hs) the Author of
Nature

x f t sa'ib adj. right well aimed sound
• l^(in judgment) adj.

judicious ; sound judgement [A ~
yf. sa”im n.m. & adj. fasting ; one who fasts
)^ i 4‘ / ijftUsa' , im-ad-dah’T n.m. & adj. -(person)
fasting alj days of this life (A
< - saba n.f. zephyr morning breeze

j spring breeze easterly breeze [A]
p^subi lh' n.f. morning dawn ; day-

• break C / L* /l J' , al-aj-sabai' adv. early in

the morning at dawn [ ~ doublet of ]

.. i saba' fiat n.f. fair complexion being

4 **^V*^ a blonde [~prec.J
^tPsub'k (col. su'bah dial, suboh) n.f. morning
C/ daybreak ; dawn tjjO& sub' h-e bans' rat
n.f. ravishing morning scene at Benaras with
beautiful semi-nude female devotees bathing in
the Ganges jyfffyub'brkhez' ADJ. rising early
in the morning n.m. early riser if^jffsUb'h-
khe'za n.m. (col.) (euphemism for) burglar loot-
ing people in the early hours of the morning (iff
sub'b-dam adv. early in the morning at
dawn ; at daybreak Vj'f&ffsvb'h sham’ kar'na
v.t. put off time and again prevaricate
JjUg'sub'b-e sa'diq n.f. dawn fff&sub'h sub'h
adv. early in the - morning IjCifgfsJib'h ka ta'ra
n.m. Morning Star ; Venus ub'h-e ka'~jb
n.f. evanescant light beforejdaybreak (

*fr~!f ri / > b fa bfao'la

sham' ko gkor aja'e to a'st bhoo'la na kaih'na
fha'hiyc prov. it is not lost that comes at last
the Prodigal deserves no reproach • after his
return Vj'g'sub'h kar'na v.i, keep awake rill
in the morning pass the night &
s Ub'b kis' ka muhh de'kka tfia pl. what an inaus-
picious person you come across this morning
IrS J ff sub' b-o-masm' n.f. pl. morning and
evenings adv. all the time at the two ends
of the day [A]

jpsab'r n.m. patience endurance
y« suffering forbearance ; self-restraint

submission to the will of God ; resignation to
one’s fate (helpless person’s) curs ebjl/^sab'r-
Sima' adj. trying jj kf^sab'r-azma’'i N.f.
being such as to try one’s patience difficult
\jfys*sab'r a 'na v.t. & i. endure patiently
get over one’s grief (CJ l)l'jjfc*sab'r ba\ot'nn
(or le'na) v.i. reap the reward of one’s mis-
deeds be under the curse (of helpless persons)
Cjty^sab'r par'na v.i. be under curse (of a help-
less "person) ka phot mi' fas PROv.

patience has its reward ^Jj>fasaVr kar'na v.i*
be patient keep patience exercise self-
restraint resign oneself to one’s fate (A)

+ ^sib'ghah n.m. colour baptism
^*7 sib' ghat-illah' n.m. true faith colour
given by God Himself

~jJ0sabooh', ifjfsaboo'hl n.f. morning draught of
* liquor hrkash .N.M& adj.

drunkard ; boozer (one) in the habit of taking
a morning draught of wine [A ~

414

f$j*f

u-»

* jsscboo'ri n.f. patience enduranced
OjJ» forbearance (fjsfl'na~saboo'i\ n.f. im-
patience restlessness [A~

-Jsabi' n.m. (pL.^lf'sibjan 1 ) infant boy** 1 ?
P * s ably' yah n.f. female infant girl [A]
f£*sabi}f' adj. blend ; fair-CQmplexioned^S>

C? * sabi’kah adj. & n.f. blonde
,*sahabah n.m. pl. Companions of the Holy
Prophet ; Muslims who had the felicity to
see the Holy Prophet during his life-time (usu.
as) ba-e hiram’ n.m. pl. Venerable

Companions of the Holy Prophet (Jj/^saha'bi
n.m. one of the Companions of the Holy Prophet
IA-^]

i^psehtfh-e sit'tak n.f. the six famous
sunni (collections of the Holy Prophet’s
traditions made by Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidhi,
Abu Dawood. (Nasa’i and Ibn Majjah

sahafat n.m. journalism ^1/jUlaiad'
^^y-safrafat n.f. a free Press £>te*tfjsy,pabaii di- e
s aba fat n.f. Press curbs 'J4f*sahaf t n.m.
journalist adj. journalist’s Press ; journa-
listic 4? tf , (fjtf'kar r -kun sab' ft n.m. working journa-
list '(fjtjfj&'saha'ft a^a'dl n.f. freedom of the
Press [A

n.m. (PL. of -***)

.

*0Sok’bat n.f. meeting company
(euphemism for) sexual intercourse
(P'S, Lj -soft' bat utha'na (or baret'na) v.i. (arch.)
enjoy the company (of cultured of saintly
person bat-da’ rl n.f- (arch.) keep-
ing company (with) VJcZ+f^oh'bat kar'nd v.t.
cohabit. ; have sexual intercourse (with a woman)
tyf/ctJ^solfbat gar'm ho'm v.i. (of meeting)
warm upCfjjCtf^so/i'bat na raih'na v.i. (of
joyous company come to an end soh'batt
n.m. friend companion ii f> C*f*sok'bat-

yaf'tah adj. having enjoyed the company of [A]
^ *6sth hat n.f. health ; soundness of body
correction correctness accuracy
validity ajta' adj. salubrious

health giving ftSspIc^eft'kal-afza' maqam' n.m.
health resort jsv£f*seh'hat-bakh'sh adj. health

ful health-giving ; salubrious bracing
curative {'&(jr&f*seh’hat-baiib'sh maqam' n.m.
health resort ,/XC^sih' hal-na mah n.m. corrigen-
dum [A]

i N.M. {PL-tfjIf'saha'ri, sahd'ra ) desert

O' sahra'gar'd j/j^sahsa' -mvar'd n.m

& AUJ. (one) wandering about in the desert
traveller tramp (fjJjf'saJjtra-gar'di,

sahra-navar' di.n.v . .wandering about ilt the

desert rahra’nashifi n.m. & adj, (one)

living the desert bedonin J^’Jf'sahra'-
nashi'm n.f. desert life leading a bedonin’s
Yifejff^—jfsahra-e a'‘zam n.m. the Sahara 2-1 f
0>)(J sahftf ~t la'q-o-daq' n.m. lonely wilderness
sahra"l adj. of the desert wild
uncivilized n.m. Bedouin desert-dwel
ler [A]

so'hqf N.M. (pL. of^^HiM.

O^sth'n (or saih'n ; ped. safy'n) n.m. courtyard
Cf y d?o saihn-e &a'man n.m. lawn (A!
/fjsaih'nak n.f. trough
devotional dish prepared in a
trough and distributed in the name
of Hazrat Fatimah Cli^L^saihnak
khilam v.t. prepare and distribute
such devotional dish [A — prec.J

sahlh' adj. right correct accurate

bring sure ; certain proper ;

appropriate genuine ; authentic (usu. as
^Isgyfsahih' sa'lim, O’lf^^fsahiht sala'mal)
safe and sound q)*(J < ( ffsaht 'h-ul m ba 'dan ADJ. able-
bodied (}*ftg*?sahi'h-ul-aq'l adj. of ' sound
mind sahi' h-tjtn-na' sab adj. legitimate

of a* noble family ijJ'gZfsaklb’ kar'na v.t.
correct (dial.) sign l# ho'na v.i. be
correct (A~c^t _

snkijah. n.m. (pl. Cei^saJ^'if, t^afso’fef)
revealed book magazine ; periodi-
cal t}lr J f*Pf ! *siihifa-e asma'n t n.m. a revealed

book (iron.) supposedly authoritative state-
ment, etc .(fji*iZ>f*so'hqf-e sarha’vi n.m. pl.
revealed books

sad adj. & n.m. hundred

Jd^ctniCtyfj&sad a' farin' int. well
donrdfut l-e) sad-bar'g n.m.

marigold ad-ha adj hundreds
(of) a great many jj#>(oxjl*£
fi’-sad adv. per cent sa'dl n.f.

century ((^fi’-sa'di adv. per cent ; per hund-
red [P3 * .

| soda' n.f. voice sound callj^f>»
JJ^soda ba •sahra' n.m. cry in the wilderness •
sada-bati’di n.f. recording (of voice ) !Mfada
dt'na v.i. call shout out beg

sad a' kar'na (or loga'na) v.i. beg alms beg
from door to door £,(f e ]*L i j* e sada -t eQtijaj’ n.f.
protest kfr£-!i**sada'-e thtijaj’ balatid'

L -'-- protest raise one’s voice ^in protest
biz' -gash' t t U*(£jJg*™'bad H

kar'na

Cifyi4-U*sada'-e' b&z’-

Cijij*

415

sad a' n.m. echo retaliatory remark li!>W

sada"e bar na-khast' pl. no respons [P]

t soda’ rat n.f. chairmanship presi-

^^>4^dentship presidency A V</^/£ur'.n-<

sada'rat n.f. the Chair chairmanship
soda’ raff jatj. Presidential (‘Z J <J'}(tb>£jL*sada rati
ni&’m-t ( h&kao'mat ) n.m. Presidential system of
Government [P ~ jm \.

I suda,' 1 n.m. headache ; .vertigo [A]

t'j

tv

sada'qat n.f. truth sincerity
friendship fidelity^jAvVWa Vdf-ske'ar'
adj. true [A doublet of ju»l
. sad'r n.m. (rUjjj*»sudoor') President
s/J* chairman ; the Chair (arch.) district j
headquarters (arch.) seat of Government
cantonment business centre in cantonment
area chest facade adj. chief main
major head (office) ^fs**sad'r-c a'zam
n.m. (arch.) Premier ; Prime Minister
sad'r-us-sudoor' n.m. (arch.) Chief Justice jfyyjs
sad'r bazar' n.m. cantonment business area ;
Saddar td^JJMPsad'r divan n.m. (arch.) Finance
Minister t rfy^sad'r-e-maj'lis. dSi^sad' r-nashih’
n.m. president ; chairman J^/Hufsad’ r-nashi' n-t
mah'fil n.m. President ( chairman ifjj'jjufisad' r-
tnudar’ris n.m. headmaster (arch.! Wind-
pal (of academy) (*&yjtPsad'r maqam n.m.
headquarter (of) Headquarters ; H.O
capital (of a couniry ) djji^tsada rat n.f. •jctfjju*
\'adr'i adj. relating to chest secretly trans-
mitted secret unwrite n-.f. waistcoat [A]

^ •^ ^sa'daf n.f. oyster shell |A|

**. sid'q n.m. truth verity ;

veracity sincerity honesty
AfJifjj^sid’q-e dil seu£<sSJU*sid'q-r
niy'yat se adv. sincerely ; honest-
ly (A]

^ sad'qah (ped. sa'daqah) n.m. (PL.Ctiu*sadaqal 4 )
propitiatory, offerings such alms or

Sacrifice charity (&y iJJijtfJuarad'qah ittar'na
or di'n<t\ v.i. give charity (for ending mis-
(prtune)JtyVrttd' qa sil'la n.m. (col.J propitiatory
i-’jy.tnd' f adv. sacrificed for averting ill-luck
(from someone) llp£-j*sad'qe jana v.i. become a
sacrifice for (someone's) welfare Vt/d-t^snd'qe
kar'na v.T. sacrifice for (someone's) curse
someone welfare (JJj d-**sad ' qt va'ri adv. sacri-
ficed for averting ill-luck (from someone) r A]
a snd’mah n.m. (pl .&\j*sa'domat col. sadmst')
shock blow hust reverse

sad'mah Uthd'rta v.i. meet with misfortune
sad'mah pahuft^ta'na v.t. give (someone)
a shock injure the feelings (of) hurt*
sad'ma-e jah-kah' n.m. fatal blow grievous
injury Vj'jyp»sad’mah gu' zarna v.t. (of calamity)
befall sad'mah ho' ha v.i. be shocked

sudoor' n.m. issuing emanation (pl.
J#-V^ofx<*‘’N.F. •fc)jji*sa‘dir adj. & adv. *[AJ
^^^sa'di n.f. (sec underioADj. & n.m ■£)

**i sadiq' n.m. friend J^siddiq' adj. ever-
truthful n.m. faithful witness of the truth
(as appellation of Hazrat Abu Rdkr)^t>nddt'qah
adj. ever-truthful n.m. this as appellation of
Hazrat Aeshah [A ~ JV]

, *»j jr sara' hat n.f. clarity specific mention;

l/^ specification elucidation I'JcS/* sara hat
kar'na v.t. clarify specify eltiridatet>J>
sara'hatafi adv. clearly expressly expli-
citly ^yssarthi adj. (A)

surah N.M. unadulterated stuff

0p>‘

— . sUra'hi \.f. long necked

flask ; goblet small triangu-
lar piece of cloth jljtf’Jr'sura'ht-dar
adj. gobletshapcd • long and lovely
(neck) [P]

, ijfiVrVti N.F. path ; wav

Sira' l-e mustaqtm n.f. the right
bn} -sir at' n.m. narrow passage leading to p«r»
disc [A]

• i ' sarraf n.m. bullion dealer jeweller

(arch.) ba nker j^ssarrafali OM.
bullion market jewellery mart (arch.)

money-market jcllcwer’s trade j lyPsarra'fi

n.f. jeweller's trade '(arch.) bullion trade
(arch.) banking fA ~ £>/*]

sar'sar, y^>i ) ha'd-t sar’sar s ■ f boistrovs
j/y' cold wind|AJ

n.f. falling sickness , epilepsy

CX knocking down. [AJ

• tai'j n.m expense ; expenditure use

consumption (gram.) ethnology
accidence (rare) conjugation turning

away diversion tar' f kar’na v.t. spend
use consume jrs £j^4Sar'f-o-nah'i' N.F. acci-
dence a;ul syntax grammar Ly^^psar'/ ho’va v.

be spent be disturbed be used be

consumed Jy'sar ft adj. pertaining to »cci
dence etymological S.M. etymologist

grammarian jyPsar'fah n.m. espouse
economy profit interest benefit

416

417

saf'foo n.m. (coL) without any cards I
saf'foo kar de'ia v.t. win all cards from | ~ A
CORK.]

,» , saf'vat ADJ. select ; choicest [A]

*• • J d f 00 f l n- f - ( Pl - of^ir)

f jaf 'fah n.m. platform platform in the

-^^Holy Prophet’s Mosque which served as the
first Islamia university (rare) sofa
ashdb-t saf'/ah n.m. pl. Fellows of this uni-
versity who were Companions of the Holy
Prophet [A]

\tfisa'fi n.m. & (pl> l asfiya'\ pure

C/ righteous elect saint jiljr. sqfiy'y-Ullah’

n.m God’s elect (as appellation of Adam) (A ~
li*]

•pS afir' n.f. . chirping whistling [A]

Lfisal’le (or 4i) int. may G,od bless
U sallalla'hi ‘alai'hi va sal' lam (abb. a<
may God bless the Holy Prophet and send his
peace to him

tala’ n.f. invitation call ; challenge of
*^a foe ; cry of a salesman^fc^-ii^ia/a'-r ‘am'
n.f. open invitation [A]

,» v said bat n.f. hardness (fig.) firm*
*-^ness [A-^J

-frjsalalf n.f. opinion advice ; counsel
C / welfare prosperity goodness (of state)
rectitude Oj^i^salah' de'na v.t. advise ;
counseUI^JUN.M. (salsh'-knr) adviser ; counsel-
lor n-F. {salah'-e kar') exigency of situation
right course ll/&t)*satah' kar'n a v.t. consult
Cf&lUsalah' le'n a v.t. consult ; take advice^'g/W'
salajt' mash'varah n.m. mutual consultation
deliberations £4fc>stddhiy' y at n.f. suitability
ability capacity (A doublet of
. jUl'b n.m. SjOslab') spine ; back-

fc-^bone loins (fig.) offspring iff sul'bl
adj. descended from (male progenitor)
(some n>ale progenitor’s) own (offspring) [A]
A*0sHl'h n.f. peace treaty truce
concord rapprochement patch*up
lf<{s*sul'b-shi'kan\ n.f. breach of the peace
sul h kar' ns, v.t. be reconciled make
a truce make peace with kUl’ adj.

& n.m. peace-loving (person) sul’k-n&'mah
n.m. piece ; treaty compromise deed [A]
^J^sitla^d n.m. {pl. of 6<*k)

r ial" art abb for undertK

INT.)

*U*sdat' n.f. ritual prayet

benediction-

the Holy Prophet [A]
i . salavat' n.f. (pl. of

cjy

^ ^ . N.F* {sal aval') (pl. of »'*•£) n.f. {salvat)
£'JT(usu. pl.) curse(s)

si’lah n.m. reward ; prize remunera-
tion gift ; present (gram.) relative
pronoun fj^sVla-e rahim ’ *4* s?la-t ra'/pnit

n.m. kindness towards - one’s (esp. uterine)
relations maintenance of ties with them |A
doublet ofji]

i*saftb' n.f. cross crucifix the Gross
I (as symbol of Christianity)
sati'b-o hilal' n.m. the Cross and the Crescent
tfftfsali'bl adj. pertaining to the Cross
Christian jafig' n.f. Crusade :

Christian fanatic war on Muslims (j/ffTit '£*sali'bl
jah'gefi N.F. pl. the Crusades [A]

sum adj. deaf ^(^sUm'mun adj. dear
( and dumb unresponsive [A ~ sing. f*t)
a samad' adj. eternal ; perpetual
-*• suhlime (one) who can go without food
or drin’ in battle n.m. the sublime the
Eternal as attribute of God) ^sOmaddiA adj .

divir godly 4>jt*Samaiiy yat n.f. subli-

mity (A)

samsam' n. f. sharp sword

(t^‘

•ff sam'g h n.m. gum gh-e ‘a’rabi n.m.

gum Arabic [A]

jf^sarr&m' adj. pure sincere n.m.
rl* best part (of) (fig.) core ; bottom Vjrt
saml'm-t qal'b se adv. from the core of my
heart [A)

sanadld' n.m. pl. brave chiefs noblfe-
men celerities ff^s&sanadi’d t a' jam

n.m. pl. Persian celebrities >->l>^t/3ra'Hb
sanadld' n.f. Tt. relics of celebrities [A ~ sing
jj&sihdld']

. sama tr adj. n.m. skilful artist skilled
U ^workman artisan (fi>sann*'i,g*sVnf ».r.

craftsmanship skill . creative jxmder
sHima" n.m. (pl. of

-WJfilV' N.M. (PL. of N.F. ★)

I ,J<*h'dalrVM. sandal ; sandalwood jX^sah'dak
vsa^adj. sandalwood light brown {Aip' •-
Malay)

418

^^san‘ l at n . f .

*l9,J aft<too< l' (P‘d. suiidooq') k.m.

(pi . ifjO*sanadiq') trunk

box chest cabinet coffin

coffer . case 2jj>sa1idooq' ( h ah

W M -> (^>X^safidooq'cbi x.f. small
box ; casket [A]

^A0sun ‘ n.f. (same as{/t^)(see under^>l^N.M. ■£)

industry manufacture
handicraft craftmanship miracle
figure of speech £** /> ^an , 'al-gar n.m. artisan
craftsman (f^C*^ > san , 'a’.-ga'ri n.f. mechani
cal skill manufacture (f^san' 'all adj.

industrial artistic^?C>jana'V‘ n.f. pl. ^

figures of speech crafts (rarcj^^O
ja/ia'V b.ida"*' n.m. figures of speech ; rhetorical
devices fA]

• Ja*** 1 / n.f. (pL.Ht^/aiAa/') sex gender
category J}t>'»&sin'f-e na'zuk n . f . fair
?ex (fusin' Ji adj . pertaining to sex ; (change,
etc.) of sex [A]

j^fsq’nam n.m. (pl .fc^msmm') idol mis-
f tress beloved ; sweetheart (arch.) a
kind of word-building game in which each parti-
cipant has to name a plue beginning with a
particular letter in turn nam-kha' nah,

'Sfsa' itamrka'dah n.m. idol temple (fig.)
place with a vevy of beauties [A]
f * / £S<ma»i , bar n.m. any cone-bearing tree
fir pine [P]

savab' N.M. correctness rectitude>> , >*
*iy* sftvab'-did N/F. advisability expediency
opinion discretion^lfe^U^/ y^^iap'ni
savab'-did ke muta'biq ph. according to one’s dis-
cretion [A]

N.M.direction [A)

<, sooba”t adj. ,oiS/'soobajat' n.m. pl. (see
tfj'/'under^*) ■"

^jto'bafr n.m. (tL.a\^/*soo'bajat‘) province
soo'ba'-dar (col. soo'be-dar) n.m. governor
a Junior Commissioned Officer(of army);
iUba.hdarifjbfS'soo'ba-da'ri (col. -be-) n.f.
govemihip subahdar's rank (fls'sooba"! adj.
provincial [ ~ A]

.stmt n.f. (pl.^B

* star n.m. (also Jiy^soor' e israj 'll') horn
JJt (to be blown on doomsday) clarion ;
O'*™!** IA) -

^jSW H,r, (pl.

(pL.‘7J<P/<m'at') sound voice

u> s00 ' rat n . f . ( pl . js*&'var)
form ; shape

figure

appearance lace
ountcnance aspect state ; condition
plight ; circumstance (gram.) mood
manner means way out plan
soo' rat-ash' na adj. slight acquaintance ; known
by sight )t£t/s*soo'nl- 2 shnci''l n.f. slight ac-
quaintance Oju£jjS"soo’rat ba'dalna v.i. change
transform metamorphose tJg&jS'soo'rai
bigir'na v.t. mar ; deform , disfigure (CnS/j/ 0
soo'ral banana v.t. & i. give shape (to)
plan find a way out put up a (false, etc.)
appearance L'j?S^£vi*'soo'rat-pazfr' ho' nil v.i.
happen ; occur ; come to pass come into
existence take shape jnfcjCtsS'soo'ral to de'kho
int. (iron.) how brave look up your face
in the mirror what a man Jlr&y'soo'rat-t hal'
n.f. State of affairs Ct£>£>jS p soo'raldikha'na v.t.

turn up appear ; make one’s ^appearance
tyijjS 0 soo' rat kar'na v.t. plan devise (some)

way J%J*soo’ rat-gar n.m. artist sculptor
tSfOjjpsoo'rat-ga’n n.f. artist’s work paint-
ing sculpture^rfipar' n.f. (pl.
sU'vafi adj. outward ; eternal bodily
physical extrinsic (fs*2(f/S*su'vari-o-ma i 'nai4

adj. extrinsic and intrinsic (qualities) [A]
w jm/ n.m. (rare) wool (old use) a kind
Jr of thick silk cotton waste piece of it
placed in inkpot [A]

*4 _j 4 S00 'ft n.m, (pl. LpjJsoofiya') mystic^ IfS*
(}jr soojiya’nah adj. mystic ; mystical (of
dress) simple (of colour) dall [A ~ *JS*ot
~J* sau’lat n.f. commanding personality
awe (rare) assaulting lug lion, etc.)
i£iJy*j/*s*sdab' daba-o-sau lat n.m. awe obe-
dience commanded (by) (A)
p.saum n.m. (PL.SL*siyam') fast fast-
ing [A]

> . sau'ma'ah n.m. (pL.tft?*sava'mc‘) church
hermitage ; monastery [A]

, ~ sohba n.f. claret wipe liquof (AJ

\fT

p^fisahll' n.f. neigh neighingt^fc*^
i/ sahl'l-t fa'ras n.f. neighing of a horse (AJ
sayyad' n.m. (see Under n.m.

» siyam’ n.m. (pl. of/i^A)

siya'nat n.f defence support
preservation t / < is J ^<«ja'(M/-r naf's n.f. self
preservation [A]

419

game prey

jkikar (fig.)

who kills

one

paid n . w . ( pl . )#fsHyeod')

quarry hunting chase

lover eftijffsai'd-afgan n.m.
game hunter ; shilkaree Qijj^fsai'd-e zaboofi'
n.m. weak quarry injured quarry
Said'-gah n.f. hunting ground ; park; t** sayyad'
N.M; hunter fowler shikaree (fig-)
beloved ; sweetheart Jfbi^sayya'd-e a'jal jt.M.
death [A]

. ugh afi n . m . grammatical form showing
tense (of verb) or case (of noun) along with
number, gender and person ; grammatical
pattern declined or inflected form department
branch side (of judiciary) (rare) fixed-
time matrimony jlyz^?*si'gha-( diva’ni n . m . the
Civil sidccO(yrX-jU*»righfl-£ fauj-dari n . m . the
Criminal side VbX^fstghah gardan’ na v.i. (arch.)
conjugate [A]

. saif n.f. (rare) summer [A]

t?_4sai'qal n.f. burnish nickel plating
metal polish l‘J(Jfh*sai' qal kar'na v.t. bur-
nisher [A]

saihoon' n.m. Zion dzx? saihoo'ni adj. &N.M.
v'-'v, Zionist ^'y^fsaihoaniy'yat n.f. Zionism [A]
jpa«UB»aai

&%as!«aaaiS

“ffZad (col. zuisd) n.m. twenty-first letter or
W Urdu alphabet (also called za'd-e mo'jamak
or z'ad-e manqoo'tah ) ; (used in w.ords of purely
Arabic extraction) (according to jummal
reckoning) 300

, ‘/a bit adj. (see under

... . za'bitali n.m. {pL.±>l/*zai>a'bit)
^l^law^ rule

code (of

law) rule regulation law by
law control ; discipline l Cjkfliza bilab ba'ratna
v.i. act according to_ law the rules
follow the procedure ta'ci'ri n.m.
Penal Code f*"Jt>C»za'bita-e ta'llm’ n.m Educa-
tion Code (} ^jjdiiza 'bila-e dh 'J n.m. Civil
Procedur Code tSjlfJM^za'bita-f Jauj-da'ri n . m .
Criminal Procedure Code ^tjjjYff^dnza'bit-t ki
kar-raoa'i n.f. procedural measures
zabite ki kar-rav&"l kar’na v.i. take procedural
measures act according to rules styCtl 4a*< a'-
hilah adj. regular formal according to
be-za’bitah aoj. irregular un-

usual ; out of the way J»>UjjlinkhUa'f-e za'biteh
adj. irregular contrary to rules unlaw*
ful ; illegal ^Crza'bitagi^.r. regularity (used
only in neg. form as) Jfc’Cr^be-Za'bilagi n.f.
irregularity ; contravention of rules and regula-
tions Jt)tj*jj0ljqava‘id-o-zai>a'bil n.m. pl. rules
and regulations [A]

. Za'min n.m. surety ; security .. sponsor
(fykJ (za'min bah'na or ho’na) v.i.
stand surety (for) za’min dar za'min
n.m. a collateral security de'na v.t.
give security •/C>za'min le'ns v.t. ask' for
security (f'V.ja'mini n.f. surety ; security

bail guarantee pledge (j^Jfiyfijzit'nim
manzoor' kar'na v.i. admit as bail
Zamini n.e. security for good conduct [A~£fls*]
£.»Za'e' adj. wasted lost misapplied
squandered destroyed fruitless
;SglsZa''e l kar’na v.i\ waste lose mis-

apply squander ljsgl*ga''e i ho'na v.t. be
wasted ; go waste ; go to waste be vain ;
prove fruitless be lost be squandered [A]
JfZab't n.m. discipline ; order control
> check restraint (rare) confiscation

seizure; proscription ; distraint l'j±y*zab't kar'na
v.t. confiscate proscribe forfeit
sieze distrain ho'na v.i. be confis-
cated be proscribed . be forfeited be

seized be distrained (pf*2ab'ti n.f. confis-
cation proscription forfeiture seizure

distraint ^ V iffzab' ti ka Auk' m n.m. confis-
cation order fjyj^ijfi'zab'ti ke la"iq,{^f^Hla' , ig-e
zab'ti n.f. liable to seizure contrabandist^
Za'bit n.m. & adj. disciplinarian strict
exercising self-restraint [A]
ijfi zoha' n.f. breakfast time superero-
(j gatory prayers at breakfast time [A]

^ •tZakhamat n.f. bulk ^ . volume

thickness (of book, etc.) zakhim ' adj.

bulky voluminous thick [A]

• zid n.f. stubbornness persisant ; solici-
■'^tation importunity opposition con-
trariety adj. opposite (of) ; contrary (to)
zid' b<Hidk’na,l'f/jJ*zid' far ana, l/o+zid' kar'na
v.i. show stubbornness importune; per-
sistently insist (upon )L’s;**zid' ho'na v.i.
be opposed to ; be antagonistic to be posses-
sed of a spirit of opposition (to )(fjutzid'di adj.

stubborn obdurate contrary wilful ;
wayword unmanageable ; intractable^^
ziddain' n.f. pl the two opposites the two
contraries (gjujffiijlima'-e ziddain’ n.m combi-

nation of two contraries [A]

i • zarrab'v.u. mint master coiner

K.h. reciprocal injury quarrel

^/j^i^mas’jid-e zirar ! n . f . name of a Medina
mosque built by hypocrite?. which was later
demolished under the Holy Prophet’s orders

« zar’b n.f. {pL.wi-ecaraisl' col. zarbal)
multiplfcation blow hurt ; injury
stamping- (of. coin) emphatic recital of
God's name’ so as to cause a -minor concussion
of one’s' he&TtC)*~y*zar’b ana v.i. suffer injury
.be injured hurt oneself (in a part of body)
t yj'-'JftaT'b-ut-mo'sal n.f. proverb say-

ing ; saw ; aphorism I’j^fJ^ii^yizar’b-TU-ma'sal
ho'na v.i. become proverbial C^ru^zar'b de' ns
v.T. multiplyf^w^iar'i-c rhadid’ n.f. grievous
hurt ; grievous injury C&± r '/>zar'b lags' n a v.T.
beat strike give a blow stamp (a coin)
recite (God’s name) emphatically
zar'b-e murak'kab n.f. compound multiplica-
tion compound injury jjezar'b-t mu frad
n.f. simple multiplication simple injury
zar'b-e moh'lik n.f. fatal injury
f.s'sij-e zar'b n.m. (multiplication) product'^ j,b
da’r-uz-zar'b n.f. (arch.; mint [A]
j'Za'rar n.m. harm damage loss
/ detriment disadvantage baneful effect

hurt injury l UU/*Za'rar utha'na v.i.
incur a loss suffer t;yh?p#za'rar pahuficha'nz
v.r. harm damage* hurt injure 0^^

za'rar-rasati adj. harmful injurious

baneful damaging $\s j j / *>za' rar-rasa'nl n.f.

causing injury damaging doing harm

(to) [A]

.zaroor' adv. rarely ; certainly defi-
nitely perforce' absolutely without
fail* of course adj. (lit.) same as^»

«• mZaroo’rat n.f, need want neces-
‘■’^J'^sity exigfcncy occasion (for)
desire (of) l <Sjlf)i2j}Szaroo'rat ijad' As msk'
kai prov. necessity is the mother of invention
b/^Cvipzaroo'rat par' ns v.i. have the need of
have occasion for jC^j^zaroo'rat-mth'd adj.
needy poor indigent f&jtc?

1# w ~ m V.*fizaroo’raf ke rnq't ga'dhe ko bi I
bap bata' U’ie hoik prov. many kiss the child
ft* nurse’s sake %i/*zan»'nctm adv. out of
necessity (pcd.). necessarily ; of necessity
ttw'ri adj. necessarily ; of necessary ex»

injure tjjsj*

pedient indispensable ; unavoidable obli-
gatory essential requisite needful
urgent essential zaroo’ riyyal' n.f. pl.
necessities necessaries' requisites Sxj&bjj/*

Zaroo' riyta t-e ziii'dagi n.f. necessities of life ;
necessities [A] i

^ ,_zafiti n.f. sarcaphogus m\

W^/^tomb likeness of imam jj]|'||
Husain’s tomb [A] r\

♦4*"/ n.m. (pl P^taz'af) y

‘■^double equal [A] **

*Zo‘'J n.m. weakness feebleness
<-0*infirmity fainting fitihJ^jo'y a'rta

v.ir faint swoonjt<jo^o‘/-e bah' n.m.
loss of virility sexual ■ weakness
basa'rat n.m. weakness of eyesight ; weak eyesight
it*0*^ec‘y-e me"dah n.m. dyspepsia [A] JjS
. * ea‘t/ N.M. (pl. n^zo-afa’) old 4 fp i

man adj. old ’ weak

feeble frail infiiWtCftlb*^ |j ill
za'i’ f-ul-eHiqad’ adj. credulous Ifl I
0^^fza'\f;ul-bunyan' adj. of frail
foundation adj.

weak-minded imbecile tyog’*za i ifho'na v.i.
be advanced in years ; be_ old ho'

ja'na v.r. grow old j**za l i'fah n.f. old wo-
man (ff* za‘i'fi n.f. old age weakness •
infirmity [A]

t*J^zafh'tah (ped. cugh'tah) n.m. difficulty
worry (caused by someone’s dodging
tactics) pull ; jerk [A]

/ * zalal' n.M.&fijzala'lal n.f. (rare)t^ea( n.m.

U deviation from the right path going
astray walking ungodly ways [A]

(col. zi’la 1 ) n.m. (pl. frUiazlci") dis-
0/ trict side (of rectilinear figure) rib
stretched double-cnteiidre-stretched metaphor 2?*.
OJ.zil'* bol'na v.i. used stretched -metaphor*>.C^
zil" jit gat n.f. stretch metaphor wit vW*

ziV'-dar’ n.m. a minor office of Canal Depart-
ment a minor revenue official [A] .

Jfrzam n.m. merger (same as. zam ’

| mah n.m. vowel-point [A]

. • zimad' n.(*».-. embrocation paste ;
plaster t>j zimad’ kar’na v.T. apply paste
(to a part of body) [A]

, . •zamn'nat n.f. stjrcty security bail
guarantee (K/ifi*L)l>>£'H 0 zdma'Mt de'na
(or da'kfnl kar’na) v.i. give bail furnish
security tff^,£/&zama’ not ke qa'bil adj. bailable
ISJjjF'tStP zma'nat manzoor' kgr'na v.t.

Ji?

liicm a iiiijjui

j&zam n.m.

| mah n.m. vov
. ! zimad' N.i»

421

grant bail admit to bai ^zama nat-
nn'mah n.m. security bond suVety deed fr &
zama'naft adj. security n.m. (col.), (same asOi?
N X. ★) [A]

” ir N - F - ( pL< of >= ★)

J&zim'n n.m. inside ; inner part (usu.

1/ zim'n meh adv in the course (of) in
(this) connection C**zim'nan adv. incidental-
ly by the way ; by the by by implication
pr zim'ni adj. incidental implicit
collateral or corroborative (evidence) N.f. (police
investigation report [A]

\zam\r' n.f. (pl. zama''ir) conscience

(gram.) personal pronoun
Q C*ll)Zomi'r^ef a' ‘ill (or maf'ob'li or tza'Ji) n.f.
personal .pronoun in nominative (or accusative
or possessive) case [A]

Jfzam'mah n.m. supplement (of news-

paper) ; its special small issue for some
important piece of news appendix
•zau n.f. light \ustrC(J&S P zau-fishafi' adj
Jr shining ; lustrous shedding light [A]
jl %j*zau-fisha'rii adj. shedding of light [A]
j^l^zooz'bit n.m. (pl. o {Jb>Uif)

‘ »ziy a' n.f. light brilliance
Zl (S^lJ’ziya'-pash' adj. shinning; lustrous
shedding light tjj ( L&ziya '-ba’ri, if'ltJziya'-paxhi
n.f. shedding of light (A]

m. waste loss U*a'V adj

& adv - ★ [A]

• . ziyafat n.f. feast banquet treat

.... “O '•*-

fr|it4ya‘'».M. waste loss r> C>za"e' adj
C /~ T & adv. ir [A]

* . ziyafat n.f. feast banquet treat

C^l^entertainment .t^Js&ziya’Jate tab ’• n.f.
entertainment (by jokes," etcjli/cSU^ziyafat
kar’na v.t. feast banquet treat enter-
tain [A ~ CeJ]
ju^zai’gbam n.m. lion [A]

. *i a! / N M - (**■&*! * zyaf) guest (A]

•• JeW N F - difficultyjLjj-tjtrj/^^i, /an' ziq' me ft
(✓** a ns (orho'ns) v.i. be fed up (with)
be vexed q-vn-nqf s n.m. asthma [A]

^JSfZay'yiq adj. narrow [A]

> to”e n.f, twenty-second letter of Urdu
alphabet called ta in Arabic (also known as

ts -e moh'malah or ta'-# ghair-manqoe'taA)
(according to jummat reckoning) 9

,i tab adj. be purified be fragrant (used
* *^in) ^z^^taba sars'hu may his grave become
fragrant alia' hi sarahi ph. may

God purify his grave [A)

n.m. printer [A~^t>]

tJi-t.,l»baq-an~na l /l-v. bin-na' i-e PH.one
exactly alike the other [A-'^fWj
Y iita'n? n.m. (rare) Morning Star night
(^•^traveller {j/Ut>l£ja'bal-ut-ts'riq n.m. Gibralter
Spanish promontory name after its Muslim con*
queror, Tariq [A]

v ..ts'rum n.m. wooden bulbous pavilion

(fig.) firmament [A]

. .tja'ri adj. spreading occurring ; over-
(V ^taking 1‘jftfjlhts'ri ho'ns v.t. spread
overshadow overtake

H -M- b**' 11 (of river) [A — P]

t a'sah (col. J’tta'shah) n.m. kettledrum
^U^-prec,]

„ ,c> ta r, at (pl .‘^l/IMts'at') n.f. obedience
“'w^submission devotion act of devo-

tion [A]

ft, ls"m n.m. adj. & n.m. (one) who taunts
, (rare) one who snacks with a spear (A~
</*)

n.m. bubonic plague [A]

*• N - M - ( pt * S^i/tovsghu') devil

^ idol (arch) name of Arab deities
‘Lat’ and ‘Uzza’ falsehood [A]

V lt ra'gh» adj. rebellious refractory [A~

-.Ja'q n.m. recess in wall niche

Qv? arch odd number Adj.

odd (number) arched clever

skilled expert (in) tyty&ta' q-t ab'no

n.m. arch of the brow j/fijOtaq bkar'tta
v.i. make a votive offering (at shrine mosque) by
lightning a lamp there jtf't n.m.

odd or even game of guessing this /f; r/£l>
l >>jtsq' kar’na (or kar de'ns) v.T. make (some-
one) an expert (in) (Mfjrifljffjlietaq' ho'ns (or
hojs’ns) v.i, become an expert v.i. be an ex-
pert (in) be proficient (in)
nis'yafi par yakh'na v.t. put (something)

forget ignore altogether „

tsq'fhah n.m. small recess in wall J •/a’yi
*^^adj. squint-eyed wild-eyed [A)

422

force

Strength might- power
endurance energy capa-
city ; ability vitality virility potency

Jljf&frta i/at-azma'i N.r. trial of strength & Ur
fyoMa qat taq fio'na V.i. have no strength left
sjiU’td'qiitviV' ADJ. Strong powerful might
x *\* , uzZ'U'oV'<zSU> taqal-e mrh'man
sa-dash't kha'ila ba-metl'mah gunisMl PROv.
(person who) leaves the house to get rid of the
guest [A]

j, italib. (pl. ‘^'DJ’ tuUab') n.m. seeker
^candidate lover suitor lib-e

khuda n.m. & aoj. one who seeks God^u-^Ut
talih-e dun'ya n.m. & aoj. man of the world
worldly minded worldly personvi/v-^tfr
t'alib-e dido!' n.m. one who longs for the sight
(of) a lovers suitor jj^Utla'ltb-e tar n.m. lover
of wealth ti’lib-e ‘il'm (col. la lib * il'm (pcd.

(^1 >-d\& talib-ul-'il'm) n.m. (Ft.. ta'Iabah col.U^
tulaba ) student (arch.) rraditionist^f^O
talib-e ‘il'mi Hr. studentship v--' J tt^ l _, J U»va7iA-n
rvilhob' n.m. pl. lover and beloved ,JU> tahbah
(ped. [^^IJrta/iba-e 'il'm} (pL.^Ulltlalibat') N.r.
girl student [A]

i

ta'leh adj. bad evil [A]

la It' n.m. luck ; fortune lot destiny
rising star ; controlling star- ad|.
rising ascending aim is' adj.

adventurer soldier of fortune fijltflbtaf-e'
nma'i n.f. trying one’s luck being a
soldier of fortune (J'&ffia'le'-shindi' n.m.
astrologer fortune teller,<^lfr/a7*'m«jt 'd,*# Ur
iu'h'-uar aoj. lucky-; fortunate rich ;
v;CA.\\\\ytf^ , £Ptale'maridi,l£ J )£>llttale,'-vdn N F.

good fortune being wealthy [A - £>J*]

N M ' ^ au * [A ~ Heb. ]

. , tim'mdt' n.m. pl. vainful talk of
* ’■^mystics ; tall talk [A]
x/iitame' adj. greedy ; covetous
U IA~ {/]

. laws' n.m. peacock a
C/H^kind of large guitar ; peacock-
guitar ifljjiJfUtla 'oo' i-o-rabab' n.m.

(fig.) song and music gay life
[A]

.n'hir aoj. pure ; chaste [A~^Lf]

At>« n.f. (same as ^n.f if)

y ( ( ( /

«' la,' it n.m. (PI.. js£tuyoor‘) bird &Jjdtta'ir-t

j L"

soul life dOr'ytjrta’ir-t qUd’i
the Holy Ghost (as heavenly

tool).' N.M.
n.m. Gabriel
bird) (AJ

♦ UL. t*”if N -M- circumambulator name of

a town near Mecca [A]

• 'll \I°h N M - troupe (rare) group band
jtili’la'ifiih nachana v.t. arrange an
entertainment by a troup (of dancers or street-
actors) [A] < ..

< ida’t AD j. (of the tribe) of T&iutftrfa'tim *a”»
C/'*'n . m . a pre- Islamic Arab chieftain renown-
ed for generosity generous person (iron.)
miser *-★)

Lfib N.F. science of medicine indigenous
system of medicine jfyjuJ'tib'b-t joona'ni n .f
indigenous system of medicine ; Unani (f^tib'bi
adj. medical pertaining indigenous system
of medicine •f^tabib' n.m. physician one
practicing indigenous system of medicine (AJ
^ . // ibabal n.f. practice of indigenous
^■*1 ^medicine medical pr&ctitce [A - doublet

of PREC.J

1 . ilabbakh' n.m. cook [A]

L>y

^J^^^abasHr' N.r. hamboo-sugar (A)

Uabba'’ aoj. very intelligent quick-
C/b*\vitted perspicacious tf’V’lMd" i n.f.
keen intelligence quick comprehension
perspicacity [A ~ {£ ]

C^ aia ' 'at n.f. printing [A]

•*. .tabsq' n.m. large dish
t/Vbasin-l'L / Jj>//tAfl^' ia mUfrb ph.
wide mouth CS tflJ'taba' qi kul'la n.m.

(fig.) sponger [AJ

tabs' 't' N.F. (pl. ofuif^lr)

xJp tab" n.f. (pl. temperament

Qd disposition nature print or impression
(of bootyft>g(’tab"-ai/na 'i n.f. trial of skill
versification (on particular theme or pattern)
ilyJ f tnb'‘-zad' aoj. original (composition)
tat/‘-e taia n.f. perspicacity ability to
versify well l'j'tftab' l -kar'na ; .v.t.' printl^-^
tab 1 horsa v.t, be printed J+tab"* ADJ.
natural by nature (col. for<£(rsee under
ub^H.r. A)

~Uta'baq n.m. layer ; stratum tray
(/• lid ; cover ’$) Qfta’ baq-Za' m n.f. female-
homosexuality (Aj

tabaqat' n.m. (pl. of

[fioJ*

123

~itah'qah (ped. ta'haqah) n.m. (pi .Siiblahnqal' )
'**• class (of people or soriety category
layer stratum Uf^tSPtab'qah u'latja'nu v i.
be upset be topsy turvy ^jt^S^ta' haqa-bait' dl
n.f. classification categorizationi/5llj>l«^
tabaqa t-ul-ar' z geological strata (also^*"'^

d}ffliZ&' i il'tn-f tabaqa' t-ul-ar' z) geology^lllO^
tabaqa' t-ul-ar' zi adj. geological survey
i/lf tabaqa t-ul-ar' zi ja'izah n.m. geological survey
tabaqa ti ad j. class^r**"^.-^ ^tabaqa’ tt
jato-g' (or kashmakash') n.f class war (or strug-
gle [A) *

ijptab'l (col tabai) n m. dru m<—

CJ* tab'l-r jafig’ n.m war-cry \\.

ta'halfjfl one who plays on tabla JLJ> O-,

lah'lah n.m tambourines (usu. ^

played in a set of two) casket
jlj JJ* tab'la-navzu' n.m. (dignified w< J

name for tf*) fA)

Jflib'bt adj . w*^*>aAiA' n.m. (see under i—k’\ r

V- if)

ytabt'at n.f. {PL.£0'taha , 'e‘) tenqieru-

ment ; disposition habits I ah" til

i'ns v.t. fall in love (with) be attached
(to) have a liking (for) ^l^C^’labr'al

u'lajhna v t. be puzzled l'fJ£^? J *tabi''tii ba-haV
ho' im v.t. recover from illness , recover
takV'at bi' garni v.t be upset obi' ‘at

Mhar" ja’no v.t. be satiated feel nausea fie
fed up (with)l^ftJi*^(oAj' 'at bat' halm v.i. be
amused be diverted I'yjfy-^^’tnhi' at hr: a’’
ho'na v.t. & i be disgusted (with)
tabi’'at tftai'har'na v.t. find so lace ; be com-
forted , recover get over the shock jj}/^
Ob’ljLi^)tabl'*at par zor' delta (or tfal'na) v.t
exert one’s mind ' al-t ta'nivah n.f

second nature habit ^i}f‘^^tabi'‘nt_ * alii ’
ho'na v.i. fall ill be indisposed
tobx'at lag'na v.t. & i. be attached (to)
lake interest (in) get used (to) feel at

home (in) C* >d>*^tahi'‘at na legna v.i. & i.

have no attachment (with) be disinclined
(towards) feel uncomfortable . not 10 led at
home (inJtW^'S^/flA*’ ‘at lara'na v i grapple
mtntaWy (wilh)ijliS>*^labi'al lar'na v.i. hit
upon fall in love (with) grapple mentally
(with) (f?!^tabi'‘i adj. !f. or pi. .Jf^tahi'i/yah)
natural physical innate . intrinsic

labi'i (or IttbVty’valt] n.m. pl.
physical stienceswl^’fdfo'MTcif' n.m physics
detain 'tyy&'tt adj pertaining to physics n.m
physicist [A- ££*]

•tflapi' dah adj. tfStlfis , unwjy

C/*£ agitated distressed (P - dL^J

!• fata pt\h n f restless uneasiness ( ji
Ux tress [P ~d+£\

*jjfiaf>aii'chali, JflPtanidtiihah n.m. pistol
revolver (slang) mistress |T)

J^dl' n spleen (AJ

, tarrat ' aD|. cute facile Jpt»>ytt({-e-)
V/ tartar' adj. cute clever and sharp*
tongued tS^/larran n.f. cuteness facile
tongue [ A]

. u tar a rah n.m. leap . bound run at full
Jy spieed \/?£~Jplara're bhar'na v t run at
full speed leap , bound ; frisk
. i/nde' n.m. embroidery cloth print,
JrP print printed cloth . print suf em-
broiderer adorner (fj'/lna'zi sur adorn-
ing embroidery making

.Mra'val n.f freshness verdure (A)

M'rnh n.f. joy mirth ; merriment
^tVTiilaritv y? la rab-afigez^ adj. jovful
mirthful mirth exciting (fjF I • r >yta'rab-ai>ge n
n.f mirthfulness yjuarabty'yafl n.m. cornedv
adj comii (Aj

- Ljar'k (col la rah) N.r. manner; mode
L/j way kind grace ; beautv enteness
disregard , overlooking foundation (me
of verse set versification pattern Apv in the
manner (of) Id j<£,yta'rah ura-'na v.t. copy
imitate emulate Z<) i> .t’F la ' ,a k ba-la’ raff adv.

in various manners jIjrjHa' rah-dar adj. pretty,
handsome graceful ; elegant stylish
t ute ^Itojota rah-da n n.f. culeness \>i£,Jpto'rah
dr na v.i dodge disregard turn a deal
ear (to) set a verse pattern Qb&jPta' rail dal' no
v.t. lay the foundation (of) plan out
devise ^t/pZ/J > l aia h tarah ka adj. of various
types (A]

• U'ar'z n.f. (or m. style way . fashion

mode i'ljljflnr'z ura'na v.t. copy a fashion
■Sy/'J/’iur'z-r lah'ru n.f. (or m.) style ; of writing
(P'j/ ta’’z~e ‘a'mol n.m. course of action
conduct fltf jj? tar' i-r kalam' n.m. manner of
speech mode of address phraseology j AJ

• ila'ruf n.f. (pl tjdplatraf) direction

#dJe quarter corner prep towards,
in the direction of jliyta'raf-dar n.m sup-

porter partisan adj. panial prejudiced
if j^ytaroj-da n n.f. support partiality
partisanship ta'raf-da'ri kar'na v.t.

424

>" til' lab n.m. gold thread
/ ^n*. ,sWaft ' NM - («*• of V<HO

•• itafaq' n.f- divorce (i^iJ^iJUbtalaq’ p.ans
i}v&(pT lt'na\ v.i. be divorced get a di-
vorce VjJlfrtalaq' de'na v.t. divorce yf JjAfrfa/s
na'mah deed of divorce Z>};ollbtala q-ya f'tah adj.
divorced (woman) totals' qan n.f. (sat.) divor-
ced woman [A]

.itJdla qat n.m. eloquence fluency
'fiUcSUbtala qat-e lisa’nt N.F facile
tongue [A]

adj. (see under tils' ir)

lUla'lab n.f. demand process summons

seek solicitation pay ; salary

craving desire kl^if^ta’lab bajhs'na v.t.
satisfy one’s craving kar'na v!r.

demand call for send for summon
seek j&bt a'lab-gar n.m. ■ seeker (one)
desirous (of) suitor adj. seeking de-

sirous sl'i^&ta'lab-na' mah n.m. (arch.) summons
~*&talaba'nah n.m. process serving fees
la'tabi n.f summons audience , sending
for tjf la'tabi ho' na v.t. be given audience {A]

ijL tulaba, ta'labah n.m. (pl. (see

. uhder i_^>t£N.M.-fr)

a'tabi n.f (see under *>

— , jrtSmturaq ' n.m. pomp and show
0'J^ (rare) fanfare [P]

b ta’md* n.f. greed ; avarice ; covetousness
Q/ avidity allurement temptation
fCrgfta'ma'-e kham' n.f. vain hope l >>&tama''
de’na v.t. tempt berc allure

ma l ra se har'f as't-o har se teH'
prov. greed is alurred • greedy person is
never satisfied Vj'^ta'ma' kar'na v.i. covet
be tempted ; be lured [A]

.•.tanab' n.m. (PL.iJi>tu’nub*fLhatnab')
^v^tent-rope fastening card [AJ
. »i tannatf adj. coquetish playful

Jv* facetious N.m. (rare) satirist jCk £Sbu't-e
tannai' n.m. coquetish belovcdtfJCt’tanna'o n.f
coquetish playfulness facetiousness
being a satirist (A ~ ytb ]

t^ tu'nUb n.f. (pl. oft-O*)

m

•utumboor' N.m. tambour-

tambourin tambourine

six-stringed guitai , lutes tjjf
tamboo'rah n.m long six-stringed gui-
tar ; lutC [A]

y&lan'z. n.m. taunt , jeer sarcasm wit ;
witticism satire I'J'jJr tan' z kar'na v.t. taunt ;

jeer lan'zan aov. tauntingly , jeeringly
sarcastically ironically [A]

* iZhtari tanah n.m. show of authority

awesome dignity [A1

jy> utavasin n.m. pl. spirit of a prophet’s
teaching [A ~ sing.,/']

. . itavaf, tauf n.m. arcumambulation
Ci'V (of the Holy Ka‘aba. as a religious rite)
frequent visits (to) or calls (at) fS'oljl'tavaj-t
ha'ram n.m. circumambulation of the Holy
Ka‘aba (jClr^-Zc^tavaf-e koo’--e ja'naft n.m
frequent visits to the beloved’s area [A]

. it tjava'lat N.f length prolong

~jJ>]

Siitava"if n.f. prostitute , whefe strumpet
ilO'Jr singstress dancing girl n.m. pl. (rare)
bands (J^it)ljbtava"if-Ul-mulooki n.f. politi-
cal disorder disorderly decentralization of a
State anarchy [A — sing.>» ih]

I. utoo'ba n.m. name of a heavenly tree
Of yielding very delicious fruit joy ; happi-
ness good news [A]

utaur n.m. (jljblatvar') manner, mode
fashion ; style ; way conduct practice

state condition ^j^jjbtaur' tariq,^jJ>jjb
taur'tari'qah n.m. (usu pl.) ways and man-

ipta labi N.F (f

if-

Mis' m n.m. magic spell talisman

wonder wonderland tilis'm

oaftdh. na v . 1 . cast a spell perform a mira-

cle Work wonders ^It-^ilismat' n.m. , talis-
man ^wonderland spell magic
lilts' mi, til tsma'ti adj. magic magi-

cal [A]

•• L^ a ^‘ at N * F> f‘ lce > aspect ; visage , counte-
^•^riance ^^imah'-tal'‘al adj. having a
lovely face [A~ foll.]

c. . ,tuloo‘' n.m. rising, ( of sun or other heaven-
s/r ly bodv)^,^’ tQloo " ho'ns v.t. (of sun,
etc.) rise

i k lamma *■’ adj. very greedy covetous ,
* avaricious [A-fif]

Sf btamafi'ctah N.M. slap buffet
t ilrjtjtamafichah tnar'na (or jar’na or

Iqga’na) v.i. slap (someone in the face, etc.)

„ • . Ljamaniy'yat , (or tamamyat) (ped.

tamani'nat) n.f. peace (of mind) tran-
quillity reassurance i^’Sf&tamaniy'yat-e qal'b
n.f. peace of mind confidence [A~ tjOfi]

jy

ners etiquette behaviour conduct

taur' bc-taur' hona v.i. (of condition) be
critical^** ba-laur', ba-taur' adv. as
by way of [A]

U tnor n.m. (rare) hill ; mount extended
to (denote) Sinai ; Mount Sinai jS tf
ko'h-e toor' n.m. Mount Sinai Cfjjh too' r-e sai’na
(or -sl’na) n.m. (see.under sai'na+L) (A)
f,j.toosti. m. (arch.). a kind of soft woolen

U ' fabric name of a Persian city ; Tus tfj’
tno'sl n.m. (arch.) pale purple colour a
native of Tus [P]

it u to'ta n.m. (usu. but less favoured spelling

Wy ofl'yN.M.*)

Uu too'ti , too'ti n.m. parakeet; paroquet
0S parrot eloquent person (fig.)
fame ; renown too'ti bol'na v.i.

(of someone) have his fame spread far and wide
wield great influence or authority
too' the shak' [k)ar-maqal, loo' the she'va

bnyati' n.m. eloquent person forceful
orator [P]

i u too'tiya n.m. copper sulphate , blue vit-
• X riol[P]

y utau' n.m. voluntary obedience
W* tau' l an-o karhan adv. willy-nilly ; willingly
or unwillingly [A]

^^tauf n.m. (same asub^N.M.-fr)

ll* l* t00 f‘ in ’n.m. storm wind storm
C'vy hurricane tempest typhoon
rainstorm flood indulge inundation
onrush (of) host or sea (of troubles)
commotion ; upheaval , calamity great
injustice calumny ; slander f 7^1 Stoofari ana
v.i. of storm) blow be a hue and cry
(over)M«r{^tf>fr/0<>/3rt'- uths'nn v.t. cause a
commotion make a great noise be rowdy
calumniate ; slandertjctfi^/l^l y^lij^loof an'
lor -pa' (or kha'ra) kar'na v.t. agitate
furiously cause an upheaval rowd
cause, serious repercussions
too fan' baiidk'na (or jor'na) v.t. slander ;
calumniate scandalize accuse falsely fyiitb
foof&n' ho'na v.i. be very quarrelsome or
rowdy be - intractable £/j dlij'tcofa'n-e nooh
n.m. Noah’s Deluge -, the Deluge 'JtijPtoofa'rii
adj. stormy tempestuous slanderous ;
calumniating whirlwind ; swift
toofa'rn davrah n.m. whirlwind tour [A]

*lu tau <] n.m. collar ; (for animals chain)
Uy a kind of necklace ; neckbrace • iron

collar for slave’s neck symbol of servility
tfd*tjSlau'(p-e ghfi/a'mi n.m. collar of slavery
servility ; throldom l '-»*jD*<jjhtau' q-e ghiila'ini
pai'hanna v.i. become the slave (of)
dote (on)

tool' n.m. length prolixity^)L^/ool-2(-
ba'lad (col. jpf^tool' ba'lad) n.m. longitude
JklJf’loo'l-c amal’ n.m. distant hopes corra-
tousness^Uf^t^-Ji^^W pa'karns (or kkeb^fna
v.i. be prolonged become 'complicated
tool' dena v.t. lengthen elongate

spin a long yarn make matters complicated
JSjStool’, tavW adj. very long diffuse
prolix ff^fjk’too' l-e su khan, ftSJJ ton' l-e kalam'
n.m. verbosity circumlocution tSJJ'tvv’-
vila ‘um'rUhoo ph. may he have a long life QS
too'la adj. long (only in) $>>> ya'd-e tno'la n.m.
see under n.m. j^if) lijh .too'lan adv. lengthwise
toolarii adj. lengthy prolbt qM’

tavll' adj. if

I J? tMMZr n.m. roll of papers ; scroll
J"' heap pack ot lies U »J\Ajhtoomar'
bafidh'na v.i. fabricate lies (against) ex-
aggerate [P]

^ tavll' adj. (see under Jjh adj. if)

, L tave'lah n.m. stable ; stall

bah'dar k i bala' tave'le ke sar' prov.
the innocent fool suffering for the guilty knave
justice misplaced [~A JfStave'lah]
iu ta'ha n.m. one of a set of code letters
^ in the Holy Quran (this interpreted as)
an appellation of the Holy Prophet the name of
a chapter of the Holy Quran [A J» + »]

„ . u taha'rat n.f. cleanliness; ablution purity;

"V sanctity [A]

W tohr' n.m. purification (after menses)

S' [A doublet of prec.)

S tahoor’ adj. pure purifying [A]

u tai n.m. travessing ; covering (a dis-
tance) folding settling deciding

adj. traversed ; travelled folded settled
decided iXs£~tax shu’dah adj. settled
decided closed (affair) tai' kar'na v.t.

traverse cover ; travel fold settle

decide tjf tai' ho'na v.i. be traversed ; be
covered ; be travelled be folded be settled
be decided [A]

I u tay'yar adj. flying (usu. jkf tayyar')
adj. ★)

i u tajfja ran n.m. aeroplane aircraft
airship

* iL tayya'ri n.f. (usu. lfJ&) see under
^ « <a^ar adj. if)

Ltib n.f. perfume willingness; pleasure
-£« 'be kha'tir n.f. willingness
(with) pleasure Jet* ba-ti'b-e kha'tir adv.
willingly gladly with pleasure [A]

iptay'yib adj. good pure chaste
, « adj. (f. & pl.) good pure chaste

, (

tfyfV zahir-bit, &v / f\>zd,htr paras t n.m. « adj.

(one) looking at superficial things , one who
takes (one) having superficial values (one)
influenced by outward show jbyflif ta'hir-dar
adj. showy plausible ; hypocritical n.m.
hypocrite one pretending friendship
Zahir-dari n.f. show ceremony plausi-

bility pretence of friendship l>/ tjj Za'hir-
da’ri ba'ratna v.t. pretend or make a show (oi
on ’s friendship) ^£(fijfyflirz5'hirku(hh bf'tin

n.f. chaste woman n.m. name of Madina I kuefch v.i, (of someone) be a hypocrite I’Jyfti

ka'lima-e tay'yibah n.m. (sec under y N.M.)i£»
tayyibat' N.y. (pl. joys chaste women
tayyibin' n.m. pl. pious men [A]

M tai'bah n.m. a name of Medina [A]

'V* ,

u tair, la" it n.m. (pl./jz luyoor') bird [A]

sz

Ajjftaish' n.m. levity ; fojly ; anger rage
iy** fit of passion 'si«jif(S*tai.rh’ {met) a'na v.i.
be enraged VD'c/^taish'dilana v.i. enrage; in-
cense [A]

I 'ff tailasan’ n.m. (pl. [J> tayali'sah)
academic robe ; gown (arch.) mantle
worn- over turban tfUftailasani n-m. graduate
(of a university) [A]

, -^j bti'nat n.f. nature disposition

** bad-t% nat adj. malicious ill-disposed
nek-d’nat adj. good-natured [A]

. J? luyoor' n.m. (pl of if)

rn

. • Zo"e n.f. twenty-third letter of Urdu
y alphabet (pronounced za in Arabic) (also
called za-e mo 1 ' jamah or za'-e manqoo'tah)
(according to jumrnal reckoning) 900

Zalim avj. cruel unjust tyranica.l
f ** n.m. cruel person unjust person
oppressor tyrant ^—jl/j(fljJ'^(Pza'lim ki

toss'* daraz' bat prov. Nemesis is slow, even
though sure, to overtake & Zalina' nah adj.

cruel unjust - oppressive tyranical
adv. cruelty .unjustly oppressively
tyranically [A

zahtr adj. (pl zava'hir) obvious;

■Si evident clear plain manifest
visible apparent explicit n.m. the out
side outward condition apparent meaning

si

za'hir kar’na v.t reveal ; disclose pretend;
make a show of za' hir' met adv.

apparently seemingly on the face of it
Za hir-o-ba tin n.m. the inside and out-
side (of someone) Vyfy'iSza'hir ho'na v.i.
appear be seen come into sight come

to light be revealed ; be disclosed become

manifest j/flb’ za'hir a, (ped. ''t/fif za'hir an) adv,
outwardly zS'kiri adj. apparent out-
ward external not real [A ~ jjf ]

1 / rj-tara'/al n.f. wit irony jest;

y humour ; pleasantry jocundity
(rare) sagacity , wisdom 5$ Sj? zarafalan adv.
facetiously ; by way of jesP cy/zarf n.m. &
adj. witty (person) ^ jocund (person)
(rare) wise (man) zartfa'nah adj. witty

ironic -jocose jocular ; jocund [A]

(1 zar'f n.m. (pl. 0>JP ziraaf') vessel
capacity ability (good or bad)

qualities of heast (gram.) adverb (of time or
place) d VoS zar'f -e zaman' n.m. adverb (of
place) d&o/zar'f-e makan' n.m. adverb (of
pla cz)Ci/(>y r kJ* T &tabg' (ox Jii' nuk)-zar'f adj.
pretty minded labg . (or tu nak)-

zarfi n.f. petty-mindedness Cff'Jb ‘a’li-zarf
adj. large-hearted; magnanimous 'Jjz^b'a'li-
zarfi n.f. large heartedness ; magnanimity [Aj

• it! zarif, ylil/ zarifa'nah adj. (see under

b-fi>y n.;*.

• ll za'far n.f. victory triumph con-

A* quest %,S za'far -mauj adj. conquering
(army) za'far-yab adj. victorious (person)

j>* zil Nja. (pl. jD^iazlal') shadow
is protection projection Jui l(P zil'tuiUak

I J* zil'l-e ilahi n.m. (sovereign as) the
shadow of God J^c/zWl-e khayal'^ljyt-
khaya'l-uz'tii n.m. shadbw-play [A]
fjy ztii'in n.m. cruelty oppression
( tyranny harm ; wrong; injury in-
justice hardship (CfajbffiiVjy zul'm kar'na (or

428

tor'na or dha'na) v.t. oppress tyrannise
do wrong ho'na (or toot'na)

v.i. be oppressed be tyrannized suffer

injustice be subjected to hardships [A]

^ U tiul’mal n.f. (pi.. cH Pz*limal' or col.
zulmat') darkness region of dark-
ness tZ'iPf.balf'r-e zulumat' n.m. (arch.) Atlantic
Ocean ^ ^zulUms’ti aoj. dark [A]

. m ilm zalootn' adj. oppressive tyrannical

l Jr highly unjust ^J^zaloo'm-o jahool'

adj. unjust and ignprant [A~ prec.]

Jr zan n.m. (pl. zunoon') presump-

L/ tion conjecture surmise supposi-

tion suspicion J'zan'n-e g ha lib n.m.
strong presumption ^ lari n-e fasid n.m.

wrong presumption I’J'^’zan kar’na v.t.
suppose surmise suspect conjecture

(j^jiJ’zarin-o takh'mn’ n.m. more conjecture ;
guesswork ^ft-^tfus’n-e zan n.m. gracious pre-
sumption ^^.y’soo'' , -e zan n.m. wrong suspicion
zan'ni adj. conjectural unreal ; un-
substantial IA]

j jL* zehSr' n.m. devoice effective elevation of
one’s wife to the supposed status of one’s
mother or sister (A]

\p zah'r n . f . back zah'ri adj. obverse

adv. on the reverse written on the
back of a document adv. on the reverse [A]

£ zoh'r n.m. early afternoon ; time immedi-
S* ately following midday

f? zohoor' n.m. manifestation becoming
JJ’ visible appearance rise ; arising
occurance ; coming to pass l‘f L £jj£zohoor' meh
s'ns v.t. occur ; come to pass ; come into
being rise ; arise be manifest I'D j*;/#
zohoor' meh la'na v.t. bring into being make
manifest [A]

JS zahir' n.m. supporter ally
SZ? zaM'rah n.f. (rare) summer midday
xtsecjcoogc

£■ ‘ain twenty-fourth letter of Urdu alphabet
Sj (also called ‘ain-i moh'malah or ‘ain-e ghair'-
manqco’tah) (used in words of pure Arabic
extraction) (according to Jummal' reckon-
ing) 70

| ‘a bid n.m. (f. a'bidah ) worshipper

adorer devotee . votary adj.

godly pious devout (A

‘3j N.M. ivory [AJ

» wi ‘s'jiz adj. helpless powerless un-

^ able ; incapable fiustrated meek ;

humble a'na (or Afl'na) .v.i.
be helpless fall short (of) be frustrated
‘ajiza'nak adv. helpless humble ;

meek adv. helplessly humbly ; meekly
If'JTit ‘s’jizi n.f. helplessness humbleness;
submissiveness humility lutieaty ; sup*

.plication inability ; incapacity vfj'JZb ‘a'jizi
kar'na v.t. show humility (to) make a
humble entreaty entreat ; beseech ; implore

fA ~ / ]

Lp i . ‘ajil adj. hasty short-lived vllfU
•'* ‘ajila'nah adj. hasty speedy

[A~^]

^ ‘ad, {*jbl*‘a'd-e i'ram n.m. Adermites [A]

* ‘ad n.m. (Math.) factoT^lsk'ad'd-e a‘’zam
n.m. (Math.) highest common factor
H.C.F . Jj^j[f’‘ad'd-e mush'tarak n.m. (Math.)
common factor A ijt]

^ . ‘a dot n.f (pl. 4-JbU‘adat') habit
^ (rare) custom (rare) practice

‘a’ dot par'na v.i. become a habit form the

habit (of) get into the habit (of) get or be

used (to) Otfc^jb'ddai dal'na v.t. & i. form
a habit make or get used (to) adopt the
practice (of) set a craze (for) vJlCrjir ‘a’ dot
kar'na v.i. (arch.) get used to ‘a’ da tan adv.

habitually by habit (frb'a'di adj.
habitual used (to) accustomed (to)
addicted (to) ‘a l di kar'na v.t. habitu-
ate make used (to) accustom

muj'rim n.m. habitual offender t 'jT(fjl* l a'di ho'na
v.t. be addicted (to) be or get used (to)
be accustomed (to) form the habit (of)
[A ~ PREC.]

J | * ‘adit adj. just upright equitable

a dila’nah adj. just equitable

based on justice adv. justly equitably

[A~ Jjf]

^ adj. (see under OjUn.f. if)

. ‘ar n.f. shame disgrace modesty
‘ar ana v.i. feel ashamed find
(something) disgraceful VJ'A far kar'na v.t. & i.
shun as below one’s dignity L’^U ‘ar' ho'na
v.i. & i. feel ashamed ; have a feeling of
shame regard (something) as disgraceful or

below one’s dignity [A]
u? 'a'riz n.m. cheek (rare) cloud adj.

happening occurring befalling
'a'riz-e si'iriin n.m. bright cheek
‘a'riz-t giil-goob' n.m. rosy cheek Vyfzfj if ‘ii'riz
ho'na v.i. befall (someone) happen (to;

'(t'nzeh n.m. (pl. JfylJ' ‘ava'riz) sick-
ness ; disease disorder ; trouble complaint
L’j£ (j'D ‘ arizah lahiq ho'tia v.i. catch a

sickness fall a prey (to) ‘ a'rizi adj.

temporary transitory ephemeral acciden-
tal casual (A - ]

•,,/p ‘arif N.M. (pl. If f ‘ura fa ' , F jjif
‘ii'rifah r. (pl. w( jjit'a rifat') mystic
one having an intimate knowledge of God
adj. knowing wise pious devout

*\) 1 aTif a nah adj. wise devout adv.
wisely devoutly (A~ yiif]

a n AD J- ffee (from) void (of) [Aj

•** .1 ‘ a'rijal n.f. something got on loan ;
•• borrowed article something loaned
out adj. borrowed loaned C 'jis'a'riyalan
vov. on loan &! CjJv'a'riyatan le’na v.t. borrow
for tise (£-' If ‘anyali adj. borrowed

lent [A]

‘ azim {( ) adj. ‘en route’ (to) , bound
(for) resolved (on) determined
(A~ ff]

- ,r AU J‘ tent h [A ~ ■ |

‘ashiq N.M. (PL. Q &'' usbshaq ) lover

U suitor paramour fr.jsj'lt'd's/nq-
mizaj' adj. amorous gay ‘a'shtq-

miz'aji n.f. being amorous ' leading a. gay
life i'j fir'lf 'ashiq ho'na v.i fall in love (with)
fall (for)/J 'asjiiqanah adj. loving
amorous like that of a lover It ‘ash lq

ma'shooq' n.m. (as pl.) lover and beloved ,
devoted couple embroidered button and
button ljole gems of mount colours (set in a
r * n g)t ‘a'shiql n.f love amour gal-
lantry courtship [A ~ jr*' |

(a ‘ishoo ra (usu. but wrongly spelt as 5j^U
* ‘ ashootah ) sacred n m. day of the tenth

of Muharram doubly sanctified by Imam
Husain’s martyrdom [A -
f ‘e'sim adj. safe virtuous chaste
f saviour 'a'simah n.m capital (of

state, etc.) adj chaste (woman) (A

‘a Si adj. & n.m (f ‘a ayah) sinful

** (person)

^ Zhl 'atifat n.f. affection kindness

"^favour saya-e ‘ a'lif&t

meh U'na v.t. take (someone) under one’s pro-
tection [A] ,

.. t-'a'fiyol n.m. safety peace

khai’r-o-‘a fiyal n.f. health and safety
(of) welfare (of),/; r l f^^lfj/f'khai'r-n-'a'fiyai
ki kha'bar ph. good tidings (about) [A]

‘aq adj. (rare) undutiful (extended
Cr ^ sense) disinherited . disowned i'/ii}l*'aq‘
kar’na v.t. disinherit cut off from inheritance

[A~ oJS)

** 3f ‘ a r ! ,hal N .f. Hereafter future life

'f' consequence adv. at last after
all JrU*L2Sk'‘ a qibat-ahdesjt' adj. provident
prudent far-seeing &\x.retx!'\~>*)*ZJ\* i a'qibai-
abdesha'nah adj. wise if^iJZ>^if‘aqibat-ande'sJn
n.f. foresight prudence provision for
the future ti/L'irl)bjl%££tp'a'qibatbigar'na (or
kharab kar'na) v.i. mar one’s future state of
bliss invite damnation by (one’s) sinfut con-
duct aqibat ke bo’riyt snmet’na v.i

live a very long life (usu. full of greed for world-
ly things 'aqibat na-abdesh' (col.

(f?i IfL'na-'aqihal-ajidesh') adj. indiscreet

imprudent Of.* 1 If ‘aqibat na abde'shi, (col
'a qiba! otdr'shi) n.f. indiscre-
tion imprudence [A|

'a'qarqarha n.m pcllitory [A|

(JV ‘a'qil adj. & n.m. (pl. i&"'uqala) (f.

U ' a'qilah ) wise (person) sensible

(being) intelligent (person) 'aqila'nah

adj wise prudent |A~ Or]

‘a'lam n.m (pl. S’ ’ava'lnn) world
J universe state , condition grace

universe state , condition

time' creatures people 'public u 'a'lam

ara adj world-adornmg^/Vri'him-f and# n m
spirites egile spiritual world
‘a'lum-r asbab' n.m. the world ; the world of
cause and effect jjyi^lt'e'lam-ajroz' adj. world-
illuminating JJt ‘a'/am-e ba'Ia n.m. heaven-

ly world heavenly people
bar'zakh n.m. period or state between death
resurrection t\>,fl*'e'lam-panafr n.m. (sovereign
asl asylum of the world t r'Cil*'e'lam-teb adj.
world-illuminating 'd'lam-r khaydi n.m.

fancy pensive mood Itj 'a'lam-r to' ye

nm dreamworld state of dreammg^^U

430

‘ a’lam t si'fii n.m.' earth world
‘a’lam-e saghir' n.m. microcosm ’Siam

‘a’lam Adv. very much iSjP^b'a'lam-c ‘ul'vt n.m.
heaven alam-e ghaib' n.m. the invisible

world extra-sensary world ‘j l>^u‘a'lam-afani
n.m. world the mortal world > ^c / f'^‘ a 7<m-e

kabtr' n.m. macrocosm ‘ a lam-git ' adj.

worldwide universal world-tonquering n.m.
world conqueror (as appellation of a Moghul
ruler ^ufD^b'alam-e Ishoot' n.m. world (or state)
of creature’s, oneness with God J&(*b‘a'lam-e
misal' n.m. (Platonic) world of ideas
‘ alam-e mas'tl n.m. state of intoxication
heat period lasciviousness alam-e

malakoool' n.m. .angalic world ; the world of
angels 'a'lam-e nasoot' n.m. world; the

mortal world tfb ‘ a’laini adj . international
world world wide global uni-
versal [A]

‘Slim n.m. (pl. U' ulama f. >1* ‘ a’limah )

| learned man sage savant

Muslim theoligeari adj. learned knowing
' lim-ul-g^aib' n.m. God (one knowing
the invisible as well) w U b ‘a'lima'nah adj.
learned (disconise, etc.) sage-like [A ~ ^ Him)
dlf 3 ' am * AD ^‘ ^ SeC un ^ cr f U ‘a lam n.m if)

lie, AD J- (r./Jb a'Hyak) high lofty
0 elevated ; exalted eminent noble
grand ; magnificant>/L/J^‘o7i-<flter' adj. of
noble descent*!? Ju ‘s’li-jak adj. highly placed ;
high-ranking int.. (pl. ^isf.b ‘ati-ja’ha) your
honour your excellency ‘r'Cftt* 1 a' li-janiib'-
adj. esteemed high-ranking int. your
honour your excellency ‘a 1 li-khandan’

adj. of noble birth n.m. noble family ; well to-
do family ^bjJ^ali-dimsgh’ adj. intelligent
(one) with high notions proud ; vainc^l?
‘d'fl-sft an adj. grand splendid magnifi-
cent C^Jb'Sti-zar'f adj. magnanimous tif/JU
‘a'li-zar'Ji n.f.^ magnanimity C>jB>^b'a'l% jit'rat
adj. noble £*ydlt‘a'li-mar'tabat adj. noble
high ranking ^fj^a'li-him’mat adj.
ambitious daring ll-him' m'ati n.f.

daring ; courage ambition ; ambitious-
ness [A]

‘am adj. common ordinary general
[ ** all customary usual widely
known mass ‘am-fah'm adj. intelligible
to the common man ; simple and easy (■**.>
kfca's-o ‘ am (or ped. %hass-) high and low vU
•am' mob adj, public of the masses (/'O&b

‘am'mai-un-nas' n.m. pl common people ^1#
‘a mi n.m. commoner adj. common (man)

1 a'miyanah adj. vulgar f r [/ , ‘avam n.m. pl "if

fA~ f V]

‘am n.m. (pl. i'\/ia < vam) (rare) year [A]

, a'mirak adj. replete well-in-habited
(fig.) royal s/by&khiza'na-e ‘a'mirah
n.m. royal exchequer [A]

Li. 'a mil n.m. labourer worker agent
spiritualist revenue collector ; ruler

!*- Si

fie , ‘° mma h adj. ( S * ‘ a'ml n.m. & adj.

** ‘amiySnah adj. (see under adj. if)"

•'7 •a ’id adj. incumbent devolving
•A* 'a'id ho’na y.i. (of duty) devolve

(upon) incumbent (on)

S i * a'ilah n.m (pl.. <JbP' , iyal) family $ 1/

‘a’ili adj. family^y^k ‘a'tVl qavanin n.m.-
n.m. PL. family laws ; special laws governing
marriage, divorce, etc. [A]
ip ‘aba’ n.f. cloak [A]

*

‘*bdd' n.m. (pl. of j/ , ‘i()

•

*• * p’iba'dat 'N.f, worship prayers

church service devotion l"/OjlS‘iba'Ji;t
kar’na v.T. worship ; jb'Hba dal-gah n f.
place of worship temple mosque church
\j£,)V f, tba' dat guzar' adj. worshipping n.m.
worshipper wtAty^lJc/^iba'dat-guzan x.v.
worship devotion [A ~ jjk]

* ,p‘iba'rat n.f. passage (of writing)

diction phraseology expression
consist '$<jl£' / ilf"ibarat-ara'i n.f. ornamenta-
tion of Style (usu. overmuch) ; attention to
style [A]

. . ‘abbas’ n.m. (rare)Hion name of one
\J y of the Holy Prophet’s uncle’s who was
the progenitor of the Abbasids (f’&'abba'si,
lf lf’^fgu'1-e ‘abba si n.m. a species of red flower
Marvel of Peru [A]

* p'ibas adj. useless i unavailing ; of no

a vail vain bootless ADv. uselessly
vain to no purpose [A]

A 'fl«N.M,(PL, W) slave (fig.)
-At devotee JjLf'abdullah n.m. God’s slave
(fig.) Muslim^b 'ibadul'lah N.M.
slaves of God people masses Muslims *■&»'?'
I iboodi/yat n.f. servitude (fig.) devotion

being God slave [A]

l^ 0 f'‘ibra'ni, (rare £/? ‘ib'ri) adj. Hebrew [A]

M &'ib'rat n.f. example ; lesson warn-
ing; zAmonxtxonjAfCyA'ib'rat-aligez' sai-
exemplary ; serving as a warning ; admonitory
Jy?i>~yf' , ib'rat-a1)ge' & n.f. serving as a warning
/%i£$f ‘ib'rat pazir’ adj. taking a warning tS/jffi
‘ib'rat pazt'ri n.f. taking a warning
‘ib'rat pa' karris v.i. be warned ; take a warning
(from) CbiCyf ‘ib'rat dila’ns v.t. teach a lesson
(to) ; make an example oftytJ^S'ib'rat ho'rm
v.t. & t. be warned prove a warning

(to) (A]

* •££r‘ab'qari n.m. paragon of beauty adj. the

best [A]

A- ‘iiboor‘ n.m. crossing (river, etc.)
passing transportation perfect know-
ledge (o{)jj2'£—ls>jjf’ , uboo'r-e daryc'-e shot n.m.
transportation beyond the seas (as form of life
imprisonment Vj'(J*\*jjf'"uboor' hs'sil kar'na v.t.
be (come) fully conversant with I'J'jj? ‘uboor'
kar’na v.t. cross ; go across pass [A]

. £,‘aboos’ adj. testy , jJ&\sjf'‘aboo’son qam-
C' lari’ r a adj. (joc.) strict and testy [A]
‘ob’har n.m. yellow narc issus [A)

J jp ‘ubaid’ n.m. small slave (A - J-? ]

•• *

e,'a\nr’ (corr. ^ / abir’) n. m. tale powder
mixed powder of rose, sandal saffron and
cut mica (esp. for sprinkling during Holi) [A]

, ji** fr'itsb* n.m. displeasure reproof

• ^ rtprixnsnd^ji-^'itab’-za'dah adj. (some-
one) who has incurred another’s displeasure

kar’na v.t. reprimand ^rj.) !)«-'{/'
‘itab’ (na'zil) ho'na v.i. be reprimanded
incur displeasure (of) (A)
g^y'it'ral n.f. progeny (A]

•*&' Usman' n.m. young ruddy goose
Cfl* young dragon name of the Orthodox
Caliph name of the founder of Ottoman Cali-
phate 1 isms' ni adj. Ottoman n.m. des-

candent of the third Orthodox Caliph [A]

* *atiq' adj. (f. or pl. JjJ* ‘ ad'qah )

U* ancient antique J>p*jt7 ara -< ’atlqah
n.m. ancient monuments relics of the part
archeological finds [A]

‘aja'ib n.m. pl. (double PL.«S'f'(^
. ajs'ibst’) curios curiosities
wonders ; wonderful things marvels
'aj&”ib-khs'nah,j7 t ^>[$'‘aj&"ib-$i.ar n.m. museum

‘aja ri ib-o-$ara' , ib n.m. pl curios
and rarities wonders [A ~ sing.

g’a'jab n.m. wonder surprise adj.

™ • stranve wonderful marvellous

wonder

wonderful

' , > strange wonderful marvellous

rage [A]

y‘ij'b n.m. pride; vanity; conceit
arrogance hauteur tsSft^'aj'b-o-nakh'vat
n.m. hauteur and self-pampered ness [A]

, £ ‘aj’z (col. c: ij'z) n.m. helplessness
powerlessness humility submission

‘aj’z-o-inkisar’ n.m. humility and low-
liness [A1

^,j£' , uj’lat (ped .iijalat) n.f haste hurry
J^C^'ujlat meii adv in haste

hurriedly fA]

£ 'a’jam n.m. non-Arab peoples as dumb
f’ tongue-tied or harbarwr races) Persia
‘a’jami (ped. a‘’jami) n.m. (pl. A
‘ a.’ jam , a'a’jum) Persian non-Arab

dumb ; mute [A]

£ ‘ ajoo’bah n.m. (col. for *£fo‘joo’bah if)

* £ ‘ajooz’ (or usu. but wrong ‘ajoo’zah ,
J A • n.f. old woman hag[A~ ■£]
fy ‘ajib’ adj. strange wonderful

admirable surprising ; astonishing
marvellous •-sj'j^A i aji'b-o-%harlb‘ adj. strange
marvellous curious *^'lf‘ajs"ib n.m. pl.^
(A~

—Jl 1 ads’ lat n.f. court of law ; lawcourt ;
>m * r court tribunal judge equity ;
justice Jpf &!i'ads'lat-e khafi’/ah n.f. Small
Causes Court jfebada’lat-e ‘s’liyah n.f. High
Court ; Chief Court U* ads’ lat- 1 'ul’ys n.f.

Supreme Court vf zS'j* ‘ads’ lat kar’na v.t. & 1.

sat as court give judicial verdict (rare)
do justice ifocJb'adalat lags’ ns v.t. hold the
court 'ads’lat lag’ ns v.t. (of court, be

held)o"> jbfjdlvs’nt 'ads’lat, ‘ads’ lat-*

divam n.f. civil court ^(fjlf^/vruj-ds ri 'ads'-
lal,(Jj[/f)^'j* ‘ada'lat-e J'auj-da'rl n.f. criminal
court 8*'* ‘ads’ lad adj. judicial court
'&',jjtf& > '*'sda’lanksr-r<oi*''l n.f. judicial
proceedings court proceedings

' ads’ tati mass" H n.m, p.l (arch.) maxims of
equity (A - J>» )

„ , ‘ads’ vat n.f. enmity hostility

animosity malice feud c/jAjIm
‘ ads’ vat rakh'ns v.i. bear malice (towards)
be mimical (to) 1 'j^slt'ads’vai mksl’ns vt
gratify (one's) malice |A — >j*\

432

J*

t 'M'dat n.f. probationary period (of
three months for divorced woman or of
four months ten days for widow) (rare)
number (of) (tc/fj VJtfjjzPje ‘ id' dal poo'rt kar'na (or
gazar’ ns) v.i. complete the probationary period
‘id'dat men banh'na v.i. wait (before
remarriage, etc.) for probationary period [A]
‘a’dad n.m. (pl. ^ ta’dad') number

numeral figure number of packages,
etc. with traveller total of jummal reckoning
(of word, etc.) ‘a’dad-e sahih’ n.m. in-

teger ; whole number ‘a’dad-e vas'fl n.m.
cardinal number ‘a'dad-e tbrti'bl n.m.

ordinal number (fjje‘a'dadl adj. numeral

numerical C^J^jt-'a'dadi fauqiy'yat n.f. numeri-
cal superiority (fjjihzi^si'fat-e ‘a'dadt n.f.
numeral adjective [A]

I it ‘ a d'l n.m. justice ; equity division
into -halves./ Jj&'ad'l-par'var adj, just
‘ad'l-par'v ■ n.f. justice 'ad' l karna
v.t. do justice {S/^eJjt'ad'l-gus' lari n.f. adminis-
tration of justice IjfJjt'ad'l ho' ns v.i. (of justice)
be administered [A]

'a'dam n.m. nothingness non-existence
Hereafter default^ (ped.) lack (of)
pref. (col.) non-existence J'ft.j/fltf'aVam ada’igi
N.f non-payment ‘a'dam(e) istita“al n.f

inability ; incapacity insolvency poverty
'a'dam{-e) ifidiraj’ n.m. non-entry{p^^t»

‘ a'dam pai'ravt n.f. non-appearance (in court) ;
default of prosecution ‘a'dam (-t) td‘a'vUn

n.m. non-co-operation ‘a'dam (-e) ta'mil

n.f. non-compliance non-service ; non-
execution jj2>fji’ i a'dam-e tashad'dud n.m. non-
violence ‘a'dam-e tavaj'joh , (if ‘a'dam

twxgjohA n.f. lack of attention ‘ a'dam(-e )

suboat’ n.m. lack want or absence of proot jljrfjfi
'a' darnel) jauaz n.m. unlawfulness ; illegality

non-i
a' i

want of leisure LzJ*ik(j*‘a'dam(-e) mUda'khalat
n.f. non-intervention ‘a'dam maujoo'dagt

n.f. absence non-existence J&ufj*‘a'dam
anqifiy'yal n.f. want of information tM(jt
‘a‘dam(-o~) o^jood’ n.m. existence and non-
existence ‘adam[-o-) vOjood bara’bar

ho’n a v.i. (of someone) be a non-entity be

of no significance^*! adj. null

and void annulled quashed I'fpiAlfkal
‘a'dam bar' na v.t. quash annul rescind
kal- a'dam ho' na v.i. be quashed be

annulled become extinct (-* mul'k-t ‘a'dam
n.m. next world Hereafter [A]
i ‘ad'n n.f. Paradise Eden (rare)
perpetuity [A]

.jj jj ‘a'dan n.m. Aden (A)

‘adoo’ n.m. (pl. a'da' enemy ; foe
'ddtmn' n.m. transgression cruelty [A]

( lc 'adool' non-compliance aberra-

0^^* tion if ‘udoo't-e huk'm, (col.Jbs^
kuk'm ‘ udao'li ) n.m. disobedience insub-
ordination !}uk'm ‘vdoo'li kar'na v.t.

disobey ; refuse to obey ; refuse to comply
with orders be refractory be guilty of in-
subordination [A ~ Jj*}

J ' - ‘adll’ n,m. equivalent equal ; peer ;

_* of the some status (as) [A~tM
ft ‘adim’ adj. extinct lacking
w ‘adi'm-ul-fui'sat ADJ; having no leisure
very busy with ones hands full jo
* adi' m-ul-misal ' adj. unparalleled incom-

parable peerless adV m-Sn-nazW adj.
unprecedented [A ~ J

I . ‘azab’ n.m. ' punishment torment ;
-^torture i misfortune trouble trouble-
some person Ij'w-'ljp ' a zab' ban'na v.t. prove to be
a nuisance ( for). t,'l> w lie 'azab' bana'na v.t. make
a nuisance (for )\^><-p>ljt'azab' ddna v.t. punish
torture ; torment Cdjzi^ljt'azab' mol’ Wna
v.i. invite trouble land oneself in trouble
ijifj 0/b ) ‘azab’ mefi phahs’na (or giriftar’
ho’na) v.i. be involved in difficulties (A]
l t* ‘tzar’ n.m. cheek jVv^gUl-'azar' adj. &
^ ** n.m. rosy-cheeked (sweetheart) [A]

./>. 'az’b adj. sweet ; mellifluous
* ‘az’ bill-bay an adj. sweet-tongued : elo-

quent (A)

• *2 z’t n.m. excuse pretext plea

apology (legal) objection counter-
claim ; cross demand l£/j*'at!r-e be-ja r n.m.
improper plea ,tjt/J*‘tlz'r-khah adj. apologising
N.M. apologist I'jjttyjjs'uz'r-khak ho'n a v.t. raise
an objection ‘uz'r-kha'hi n.f. excuse
apology Vj'jliy-jJt’ ‘uz’r-kha'hl kar'na v.i.
apologize put up an excuse jbjj*‘uz'r-dai
n.m. objector ^f,/ bjjt 'dz'r-da'rt n.f. legal state-
ment of objections cross demand; counter-
claim 'jj lf/> ‘Uz‘r-e qanoo'm n.m. legal objection
WsCjjt't&r ke qa’bil adj. excusable
objcctionabl e ‘uz’r-e lofig’ n.m. lame excuse

433

iH(na) qa'bil < sam"at Uz’r adj. (un)-
tenable plea [A]

|,V ‘az'ra n.f. virgin (sign of Zodiac)
Virgo [A]

•, f e, Hraq' n . m . Iraq name of a musical
- £ mode Jl/Hra'qt adj. Iraqi [A],

fit r, ‘ara’ , iz n.f. pl. petitions j$J a ty*ara , 'iz-
X n avis' n .11 . petition-writer (A ~ sing.
or

t -j -fa'rab n.m. Arab Arabia (cor-
• / rectly .only) Arabs bila'd-e 'a'ratr

*&iZ4t'ja&'rat-‘a'rabx.u. Arabia J f ‘a'rabi n.f.
adj. Arab ; Arabian [A]

^.p'ar'badah n.m. quarrelsomeness /«*/

•/ 'ar'bada-joo adj. quarrelsome touchy

testy [A]

J ^a'rabi n.f. & adj. (see under wf'N.M.^A)

w . ‘Sr'r n.m. death anniversary (of saint)
t/X[~A]

. ‘ar'sh N.m. the empyrean (as throne
of God) (fig.) throne high seat

l//.<j/ l ar'sh-t betrih', ar'sh-e mo'al'la n.m.

the empyrean throne of God Ot^-ii/^'ar'sh
par jhool'na v.i. be exalted be very high

be very lofty (y^y. Of ‘ar'sh par (harka’na v.i.

exalt ; elevate the .highest states lavish
indue praises .(on) l'jf'£ / b-/j/‘ar'sh par dimagf}'
ho’na,‘Cjf^dy'pb dimagh’ ‘ar'sh par ho'na v.i. be
very proud ^CO/^-iJ/'ar'sJx sefar'sh iak adv.
everywhere all over the universe^^iitX^^
‘ar'sh he ta're tor'na v.i. work wonders **/ ‘ arshah
n.m. deck (of ship) [A]

^, ‘ar' sak n.m. period ; time ; space of
time . interval duration place
field space scope (of) ^^‘ar'sa-t hayW
n.m. span of life l ‘ar'sah lagans v.i.^ delay
take a long time; take long (overJ^C^^-*^
‘ax'sa-e hayat' tahg' kar'na v.T. give hell (to)
make things difficult ({ar) L js^&lx*f‘ar'sa-e
hayat'tafig' ho'na v.i. find things difficult (for
orvt)y^*f’ , or'sa-e maJf'shar n.m. resurrection
plain ‘ ar'se tak adv. long ; for a

long time tZ-z^/L/fek ‘ar'se se adv. since long
</*+/(/> is ar'se'meti adv. during this time
in the meantime ; meanwhile [A]

I?*, ‘or'z n.f. (n./’t/'fa'raz') request; en-
Uy treaty petition representation
(arch.) repart review (of parade) width;,
breadth J lsj\j*/‘ar’z irsal ' n.f. (arch.) report
return mvnmJkO/'ar'z-be'gi n.m. (arch.)
officer presenting representations to the sovereign

(Jbj*/ ‘ar't-e hal' n.m. submission state*
ment of facts C?L*/ ‘ art-dish' t n . f. memorial
memorandum petition Wij/'ar'z-kinih'dah
n.m. petitioner j , jjrtjy' i ar'z-rna‘r<>oz' n.f. ^
petition entreaty purport of request
‘ar'zan adj. breadthwise (f*/'ar-& n.f. . appli-
cation petition representation 0*(// ‘ca-Q
de'na v.T. submit a petition apply
‘or’&da’v 3 n.m. petition of plaint \}aP<//‘ar'&
likh'na v.i. write an application draft a
petition { ji)(//‘ar'&-naDis’ n.m. petition-
writer notary ; notary public [A]

N ' F * ( PL -X^/ a ‘ r ^O honour [A]

'a' rat n.m. (n. i sfffa“rat) attribute (A]

(//

• ‘Ur’zak n.m. butt ; target [A)

. f,‘ar'f n.m. alias (rare) common law
law of the land adj. known (by the name
of) ; commonly called ; alias ‘iir'fen adv.
(rare) according to common law J /"‘Ur'/i adj.

well-known formal [A]

|j ^,‘Srafa' n.m. (pl. of Jfjteis)

.. i*^'arafat' n.m. vaste expanse twelve miles
^7 from Mecca, where major Haj rito is
performed &[>j'c)l>smatda'n-e ‘ arafaf n.m. t£;
Arafat expanse [A]

.i *pirfoif n.m. intimate knowledge of God
Vzs highest form of mystical experience
discernment (A)

* fSar'fah n.m. major- Haj day ; day before
X/ sacrificial Eid day preceding either
Eid [A]

^ jt'Ur’fi adj. (see under Us^N.M,

<* -‘a'raq n.m. (pl. Jj/*Urocq‘) distilled
Of Concoction ; water (of) perspiration ;

sweat CbTo/'a’raqa ja'na v.i. sweat ; perspire
cpJUO/ ‘a’ roq-aloo’d(ah) adj. sweaty; per-
spiring n.f. hard weak

doing something by the sweat of rate's brow
Vj'lf% J tj/ t a'raq-re'& kar’na v.i. work hard 0/
‘raq a'raq ho ja'na v.i. perspire through
^iOiD.e(liXsi/ij\jr^(y/' t a'raq k&ehtk'aa (or kashld'
kar'na) v!*t.” distil ‘■^U?<jf , ‘a'raq-t gilab' n.m.
rose-water y^o/ 'a’raq-gir' n.m. saddle cloth;
sweat-cloth [A]

‘TfidV'f n.m. (pi-.&ti/Hrqat^jf'uroaq’) vein
W WO/ Hr'q-un-nasa' n.m. sciatica [A]

7 * ft*™]' N - M - rise success elevation
exaltation height

434

S’/

'Urooj' n.m. height (of) highest point (of)
acme [A]

^ -Vw' n.f. bride J'tj’ ‘aroo'si adj. bri-
/dal. nuptial n.f. marriage j wedding
taqn’b-t * aroo’si n.f. wedding ceremony
(ftfjSWla-e ‘aroo'si n.m. bridal apart-

ment (rare) nuptial bed [A]

^,'aroog' n.m. prosody (rare) second

~ V quarter of couplet J’j/'fUl’m-e urooz',
/f/l/ ‘iim~ul'‘ urooz n.m. science of prosody
&r ‘ uroo'zi adj. prosodic [A]

Cr'urooq* n . f . ( pl . of ofa'raq n m . -jz orj/
V / ‘ irq n . f . *)

. it pPrysti adj. nude ; nacked bare

detoid (of) divested obscene /
(i/ji) jzto-nigar' (or nans ' ) n.m. & adj.
obscene (writer) (fj^'JJz/'ur'yan-niga'ri

(or Houi'si) n.f. obscene writing obscenity
in writing i)l/‘firya'n» n.f. nudity naked-
ness obscenity [A]

\e).‘ariz' adj. wide ; broad vasi'‘-o-

'*'S 'ariz adj. wide and expansive [A ~ ]

J^yari'tohrt.m. (pl .J a>, f'‘ara"iz) (polite
•v word for) letter (rare) petition [A ~/f’]
•t/'tl n.m. glory ' az'za int. glorified (be)

s glorious (be) c/// ‘az'za va jai'la int.
glorified and exalted be the name of (God) [A]

N.F. mourning condolence /y//
/ ‘azi'-dar’ n.m. mourner (esp. of Imam
Hussain) tfjbtf ‘aza'-da’ri n.f. mourning (esp.
of Imam Hussain)

‘atHtfl' n.m. Satan [A]

^‘aza"im N.M. (pi., of c/^'aZi'mat or/'/'

f'/Vm*)

y.^uz’za n.f. the most honoured women (as
O/ the name of a pre- Islamic Arab idol) [A *»
#/)

** n.f. respect honour dignity

esteem reputation izzatOUu/
‘it'zet Btar’na v.T. insult disgrace; dishonour
abute TVpdfijtcJf'iz' tat bigar'na v.t. & 1 .

disgrace (someone or on.zve\{) jbizJfiz' zat-dar,
the*/' ‘iz'zaUca'la adj. respectable^^ *£// ‘ iz'zat-
iara'nah adj. respectable n.f.
respectability bjiSrp'iz'zat-de’na v. exalt
confer honour or dignity (upon) dign
‘iz'zat rakk'na v.t. & i. presen e (one’s or
someone’s) honour or good name achieve or
give success (in endcavoUr)Cv fc i^'‘«c>af raih'na
v*t. dc i. preserve (one’s or someone’s) honour

or good name achieve or give success (in en-
deavour) 1’j{ fiHfty'iz'zat ka la’ goo ho'na,

‘iz'zat ke fn’cthz par' ns v.t. be bent

upon ruining-the honour or reputation (of)
try to give a bad name (to) sully (someone’s)
name kill a character kar'na v.

honour dignify pay respect (to)

‘iz'zat Ic'na v.t. insult disgrace ; dishonour

put to shame destroy the reputation (of)

abuse rapet f Xp}t/t^>'f , ‘iz' zat^meh far'q

ana v.i. (of one’s name) be sullied^lC/i'Y^f
ma'ab' adj. honourable ; hon’ble
(Sj/kjS'iz'zat meti bat'tah lag'na (or far'q a'na)
v.i. have one’s reputation, character or name
svUicd*~fc£J>e-‘iz'zat AD). disgraced ; dis-
honoured disreputable defamed noto-
rious tf/d^-be ‘iz'zati n.f. disgrace in-
sult [A]

S •ffitm'Xl n.m. name of the angel of death ;
SJV Izra”il(A~H]

l~,‘az'l n.m. dismissal removal (from

U/ office) (rqre) exterior ejection a method
of birth control ‘az'l-<mas'b n.m. dis-

missal and appointment [A]

/• ‘fie'/af n.f. retirement solitude

go'sha-e ‘ uz'lat n.m. solitary corner JjJCt’f
‘Uz'lat-gQzUi’ n.m. recluse adj. (one) leading a
life of retirement [A ~ (J/J
f,C,‘az'm n.m. (.Pi-fr/'aza'im) resolve de-
I / termination aim ; purpose ; intention
(/k {'/‘az'm bil-jaz'm, /f*-f‘az'm-e musam'-
mam n.m. firm resolve [A]

\Paziz' adj. dear (rare) mighty n.m.
4>s (pl. ,/j a'iz'zah) relative friend

(arch.) potentate the omnipotent (as an
attribute of God)(U£l;t>V>/‘a*iY jan'na (or
rakb'na ) v.t. hold dear [A - lS-/]

*t>.‘a&'mat n.f.(pl. ‘aza"im) resolve ;

determination intention design "

aim ambitious plan ba ‘aiH'matjS^Lsl*

sa'Jiib-r ‘ aa'mat adj. ambitious (one) with
lofty aims [A]

osa'kir n.tu. (PL. of

/>•

^ jfUs'mt N.f. difficulty distress , hard-

ship : poverty y^'‘us'r n.m. hard times y/
’asir' adj. difficult poor [A]

/j,‘as'kar n.m. ‘asa'kir) army , armed

force {$J/‘as’kiu\ Adj. army ; military n.m-
(rare) soldier (AJ

4V>

sas n.m. nightwatr.h metropolitan
police chief (A)
eh* a'u il n.m. honey (A|

^j^asir' adj. isee under

ushshaq' N.M. PL.

name of a

lovers

Persian musical mode [A ~ sing.
jAi‘ij/ 13 ' n.f. night nrayers (rare) first
| watch of night jC y Cf'isha ki namaz' n.f.
night prayers ^l^'isha iy'ynh n.m. supper : din-
ner [A]

n.f. (dial.) Lord's
ment of Lord's supper
A r,‘u.]h‘bah n.m. sarsaparilla [A]

Zm& ashii' n.m. supper rabba m

sacra-

sacrament

ash' r ,ytr‘ asharah adj. & n.m. ten yZ^'ush'r
/ adj. one-tenth n.m. tithe r ~ e

‘asltti' n.m. very minute part (of) 1 #

‘itj/i r-t ‘arlrir’ bhi nd ho’ ha v.i. be no match

(for) not to be even a minute part (of)^^"

‘ ash' rah adj. ten n.m. ten-day opening period
(of Muharram as period of mourning over
Imam Husain’s martyrdom ‘ a™ ra-c

mil bash' sharah n.m. pl. the blessed ten , the ten
companions of the Holy Prophet blessed with
salvation even during their lifetime
•(i.vfi’ra-e mohar’ram n.m. Muharram mourning
period (A |

„ ** pish’rat n.f. gaiety happy social life

pleasure?! (C^'ish'Tat-ka'dali n.m. house
of pleasure Cj&i/a'ai'.sh-a-'irh' rat n.f. gaiety
"debauchery [A!

'ash' int. (expressive of approving
Ls astonishment) (used only in)

'ash 'ash' kar'iin v.i. admire greatly [ono.]

n.m. love passion j bj^'ishq

Jr baz' n.m. gallant \ovrr jljljr'ish'q-
baZa'nah adj. a m orous ish'q-ba'zi NS.
love-making amour gallantry (jlgtir'i sh'q-
ptthal i' n.m. American jasmine ivy
‘ish'q-t haqi'qt N.M. divine love , spiritual love
(f }lf (j^ish' f* maja'zi n.m. mundane love, car-
nal love Jk^tshqiyjujh adj, love, of Invc
amatory erotic [A]

Ogle coquetry blan-
atb'ca-gar adj. coquetish
n.m, coquette amoroush. playful ogler
. iS/ty* ‘esh'ifrga/l' n. r. coquetrv blandish-
ment 1 A!

ashir adj. onc-tt:n!h i/ c'y*‘*’‘wVi'r-r

ah), (see Mnder^^AP). A; N M.
t 1/ n.m. stick ; staff ; dub
sceptre mzee jbs.f*?' as u-

bar-ddr' n.m. mace- bearer
‘asa'-rpi'ri n.m. old man's stafl'

(fig.) old man's sonyTl/^l
'as a-e sha hi n.m. roval sceptre

'asa’-f kahtri y ijyj/jxi&'asa'-t moo' suet
n.m. miraculous rod of shoes [A]

uStiTah n.m. extract juice [A

J

r,\l' sab N.M. (PL.k-d, •coil's dll')

sinew tendon ligament
1 Osaka' v.i (col. fii^'asbd'li) adj.

inittoc ,

nerve
nervotis

restless , uneasy 'asabah (pi., 'a' sub

double. pl. ^Lafa'sab') n.m. muscle . sinew

tendon ligament nerve distant relations

on paternal side dentitle inheritance in cer-
tain cases) one's people whom one is honour-
bound to support and defend the cliit-

‘ asabiy'yat n.m. bigotry ; prejudice

or defence of one's people [A]
sfr'os' r n.m. time age epoch
s' late afternoon prayers extract
'as r-e ha zir n.m. modern world

support

VtVi N.M,

dishrncnt JtjT

era
juice
present-.

day world ; modern age v J ' ' as' r ki namaz'
n.f. late afternoon praxcrx ham 'as 1 n.m.
& adj. contemporary yj / ^f''asr.\'nah n.m. tea
party garden party afternoon tea if
* as'ri adj. modern (Aj

J^p'usfoor' n.m. (pl yi Issh’nsajir) sparrow [A]

1 e,'is’mal n.f. chsslityiJz>jSjO t **i.s'mai-o-
\ut/^ 'ij'fal n.f. chastity ha-'n'mat adj.
chaste (woman) iS^yf^jan'Iiar-e 'is mat n.m.
quality of chastity [A]

U /his’ yah n.m. sin disobedience iA~

* Ja'zalah n.m. (pi *"(j Jo? ' az.alaV ) muscle

tissue (A]

* £,' uz’v n.m. (pl. Uaf ’ ja ' za ) limb organ

(rare) member (of)^O ’s+f , ‘uin-*

tana'sul n.m. penisc mu' at’ till
derelict organ ineffectual |>erson
stitution [A]

ala x.t. gift , present endow-

liestowal
confer bes-
hu tla

be

N.M.

or in*

^^menr bounty favour
grant l'/US 'nta km' Hu v 1
low grant - accord . give V/’Hof' ‘ala
v.i. be conferred be bestowed

granted be accorded be
'aUi’-e h> ba-hqa -c ta prov.

1 have die honour ra

given Ik*"

vein are anoditv
return the «i‘t to

you [A]

/ attar' N.M.

I lmtr airar N - M - chemist , druggist , apothc-
^***xary perfumer tSjibf’‘att,a'rt jj.f. drug-
gist’s business perfumer’s trade [A ~ Jo?]
Sutarid n.m. (planet)., mercury pen-
X/lfS^man calligraphist /ijjO^’uitsnd raqam
N.M. calligraphist [A]

5 Zfata'i N.M. quark charla-
pU^tanfA- US)

Lr/tVV n.m. scent ; perfume ; ‘can-de-cologne’
otto : atta r yy.jsf ‘it’ r-bez' adj. scent-
bearing perfume-spreading (S//-P*' l it'r-he'z%
H.r. spread of fray c> bj^'U'r-ddn n.m. perfume
box r ka pho'ja n.m. cotton flock of

scent 4 1‘j^sL ) O^/^'it'r kkefich 'ns (or kashid'
kar'ns ) v.t, extract essence (of) (O'b
laga'na (or mal'na) v.t. & i. apply perfume •
scent VI mth bass’ na v.i. seem [A]
^yptal'sah N.m. sneeze [A]

}.L£>'n’ta$h n.f. thirst a'lash int thirst ;

I am thirsty &cW‘al'sbaii' adj. thirsty [A]

* N M - co-ordinating two words

phrases or clauses with a conjunction
turning ; diverting kindness , favour t >i»^P> r
h&r'j-e ‘at'/ conjunction [A]

tAaii'yah n.m. (pl. t lt> ‘ataya) gilt , prc-
sent grant assignment endowment

' 1

N.M. (Pl<.fU>f“izam') bones f A]

\m • ‘izam adj. (pi,, of azim) (see under

[Ur N.F. ★)

i^azmat (ped .-‘azamat) N.F.fi jif'izam n.m.
I**'-* greatness magnificence grandeur

'iiz'ma adj. greatest of great magni-
tude ffj** l azim’ adj. (pl^U ^‘izam') great
grand magnficenteli^Cr 'azt'm-ush-shsn' adj.
grand magnificent [A]
frif'fat v.F.^li^hj/a/' n.m chastity
^■"'‘^continence [A]-.

—slf * N - M< (^t^jtif'afarit') giant . ogre ,
*7i^r demon [AJ

, i. • cS a f'°] n.m. bow vow , cry of dog

^■"^‘^lONO.]

••/afv t*.u. pardon; forgiveness vfyi? ‘q / '»
kar'ns v.t. pardon j 't-t-iiat-

n.f pardoning and over-looking [A]

„ * ‘itfwnat N.F. stink bad smell [A]

fcpy*'

‘ U’fiya 'an'hu, 'ajat'lahu * an'IrU

•y pf* ph may God grant hint remission of
sins (A — I

^jy' a fif a h N F - & adj. chaste (woman) [Ay^
**

*• 'uqsb' n.m. eagle fAj

n.m. punishment [A]

I s.-jaqa" id N.M. (PL. of cJ^NM ■*)

[>U^

n.m. (rare) coming after adj. slow
UtJ^Cke 1 aq'b men adv. behind
after at the back of [A]

ii ' qba N.F. the next world ; hereafter [A ~

-c.’aq'd n.m, (pl. ‘ Qqood ' marriage ; matn-

-* 07 mony ; wedding (rare) knot ; bond ; tie
'aq'd kar'ns v.t. & i. marry '■ wed ~*V ab?
‘ aq'd-na'mah n.m. marriage contract &&'AO?‘aq'd-i
nikah' n.m. bond of marriage VjpA&f' i aq'd ho'ntu
v.i. be married [A]

^ n.m. ( PL - jp^'uqood') necklace
garland (A)

0 ^ iq liah hl-M ' problem. difficulty ;

trouble mystery .enigma perplexity
i'/lX i A&duq'dah hal kar'ns v.t. solve a pressing
problem 'uq'dah hal ho’ns v.i. (of

problem) be solved 'it//' d a- k U.slja ' adj. &

n.m. (one) who removes (anothers) difficulties
'Uq da- kasha' ’t n.f. removal of difficul-
ties ; solution of problem O^fJZfkQqdah kit si' n a
V.i. (of mystery) come to light [A]

n.m. (P\..<-^j(af"aqarib) scorpion
•yP 7 (sign of Zodiac) Scorpion [A)

Zfkaq'l N.M’ (pi.. J^'uqool') wisdom
L J sense conimonsense understanding
reason intelligence intellect >\)Jr'aq‘l-t
imam n.f. reason human intellect

‘aq'l bariys bhaifn int how silly of
you why don’t you use commonsense
V‘y.^l/aq'1 par par'dah (or pat'thar) par'na v.i
do something foolish take a wrong decision
aq’l (gkai') char'ne ja'rts v.J dis-
play stupidlvff'^t^ljtl^^'a^'/ (hakra'ns (or
chak'kar meft ana ) v.i. be confused be at

one's wits end d'i fif**' otfl-t hawa'm (ped
(-hayavo!-) n f animal instinct dath

n.f wisdom tooth dJ'VS’tJr'aq'l khar cjl kar'ns
v.t use one’s sense J^paq'l da fig ho'us

v.t. be aslonhbzdCl/jjf^j&jJr aqi [ke gho'rr )
d aurs' ns v.t. think guess reason use

one’s sense kkj(y^‘aq'l dt'na v. i advise
‘aq'l-e salim' N.F. sound min h
ba’hxr adj. inconceivable , bgyond conibre

437

C/.2*

hension unreasonable nonsense^VUil^t^
ijJx / 'aq'l ka ah'dha gakfh' ka poo'ra ph.
foolish rich man greedy simpleton
‘aq'l ka poo'ra adj. (iron.) silly (person)^

‘aq'l ka dustman n.m. fool ; a blockhead fV' Jn
H/j^‘aq'1 kam' ncfhlk har’d ph. I (etc.) fail to
understand ftf^'aq’l-a kUl' N.M. prime in-
tellect Gabriel in this capacity very in-
telligent person Ay (Jr‘‘aq’l hi mar' ph. cursed
(in) intellect he pl&lu
dah'da (or lath) li’jt fhir'na'v. I. be too silly £&*
Uli/V‘aq'1 he na'khUn le'na v.i. not to be silly
CfafjiJr^aq'lma'rlja'na v.i. lose one’s wits
fTfcC Jr’ , oq'l met a'na v.i. understand^t/it^
t'f ‘aq’l mekffUoor’ a'na v.i. lose (one’s)
head go mad ^be demented jfi^'Uqala’
adj. A Njf. (pl. of {/(fir) 'aq'lan adv.

by inference ; by guess through intellect
through ordinary senses x/of' , aq'l-mafid adj.
wise sensible sane intelligent shrewd
sagacious %jj>(fxJ* f '‘aq'l-mahd Id door’ bala
prov. wisdom will soon get you out of trouble
Ji'aq'ti adj. rational intellectual
reasonable ; credible [A]

^ppiqoo'batv.T. persecution [A]

‘aql'dat w.f. , great respect (for saint,
>j^etc.) devotion firm belief (in some-
one) Ap>?‘aqi'dat-mafid n.m. & adj. devoted
(perron) ; devotee IfXSJg^aql'dat-mafi'dl n.f.
devotion (to) belief (in) [A doublet of poll.]
0 *~f}aqi'dah n.m. faith belief creed
AA* tenet article of faith doctrine
dogma [A]

M •*ipftq' n.m. cornelian [A]

OZ

qah n.m. party thrown on seventh

Jay after new birth in family tonsuring
of baby on this occasion £■ bafh'che ka
•aqVqah har’na v.i. throw out a party on seventh
day of the birth of one’s child [A]

Of '‘aqW n.m. wise oar sensible (man) ( J^*aj*'-

lah n.f. wise women chaste lady
[A- 1

'fr'aftm' adj. barren (woman)

„i/&akka*' tt.u.vUf'ahka’si n.f. (see under
C/B' TOLL)

‘ah's n m. reflection photograph
(/ image shadow converse opposi-
tion ; contrariety antonym adj bar ‘ ah’ i
adv. on. the ether hand ; on the contrary ; con-

trary (to) <r* ‘ak’si adj. (printed) from
photo-blocks photographic illustrated

‘ak’sl uunir' n.f., photograph *.*«.

photographer cTz'ahka’sl n.f photography
portrayal v/lf&ifkl ‘ohha’rt hor'na v.t.
portray [A]

tic *«fa, f *■*»' N M - hft*gfe* of * u,u *

V* glory |AJ

? - ‘atfa'ff adj. half (brother or sister) step-
47 ^(brother or sister) from the mother’s
side (A]

- lu’ilaj' njc. cure treatment ; medical
(✓^treatment remedy D*‘ilaj'-btt-eid'
n.m. allopathy rf&ifrUo-iloj-bil mis' l homoeo-
pathy vS&lP'ilaj hor'na v.t. curse treat ;
treat medically remedy la ‘ ilaj ' adj.
incurable irremediable [A]

‘ ila'qah (ped. ‘ala’qah) n.m. area re-

-^^gion ; circle ; division ; jurisdiction
estate territory relation ; connection
interest concern MJl)*'ila'qa~bakd Km. gold
lace worker [A]

< .‘ala'lat n.f. illness ; ailment malady
^^jf'alti’ADj. ★lA]
jf..‘allam' AO}. Omniscient (as an attribute of-
f V* God) •rif'if'ilt'aUa'm-Bl'ghajoob' adj. know-
ing the unknown (as an epithet of God)
‘aQa’mah adj. very learned person ; savant ,
Allama fA ~ J? ]

£f‘alamaVK.r. (pl. iZWalamat’) symbol
~ sign mark emblem symptom
f'l j+liZSlP'ala'maf-e istifham' n.f. mark (or sign)
of interrogation [A]

•iu‘alaniyyah (or ’alainiyah) adv. openly
publicly [A- clllof]

Upila.'vah adv. in addition
°*^‘ila'vah az-lrt (or bar-ift) conj. beside*#*^
ke'Hla'vah adv. besides ; in addition (to) [A)
-f.i^ala"iq n.m. pl. (worldly) worries
4/ ^connections*; relations [A~ sino. >up.J
n ipil’l<il n.f. (pl .Jovial) cause pre-
tence ground (of accusation, etc.)
defect ; fault disease ; moXaAytSjJ^aA'iTlaUe
sU'vari n.f. formal cause sP‘il'lat-t gha"l
n.f. ultimate final cause JAtS^'U'loiro
mzufdi N.F. material cause ‘il'lot-o-

n.m. cause and. effect Ci^csA‘iriat logo' le'na
ma'lool' v.i. become an addict (to) become
slave of a bad habit 3* ‘U'lad adj. having a
bad habit n.m. addict [A]

^j ja'laf n.m. alfalfa ; luceme (A)

438

yt'i'lal n.f. («.. of

‘j/'m n.m. (pl. ‘uloom') knowledge
[ learing (arch.) science {of) ‘il'm-e
akhlaq' n.m. ethics (arch.) branch of
knowledge dealing with ethics, domestic econo-
my and political science 'm-e o' dab n.m.

literature •Vm-ul-yaqin' n.m. convincing

knowledge (of)fcS^?j ^il'm-e bala'ghat n.m. figure
of speech c/U f ‘il'm-e bayan’ n.m. metaphor
and simile ; rules of metaphorical language
f ‘il'm-e din n.m. divinity acquaint-
ance with religious precepts il'm-e gh nib'

n.m. foreknowledge knowledge of the in-
visible j * il'm-e qayn’Jah n.m. physiognomy 1

''m-e kalam' n.m. scholastic philosophy
i-yff ‘il'm-e ki'miya n.m. chemistry jj f 'il'm-e
ladin'n i n.m. inspired knowledge try (** ' i" m-e
mubd'hasah n.m. dialectics ‘il'm-e mUsal'las

n.m. trigonometry ‘if m-e ma‘a'n i n.m.

science il'm-e n joom’. ‘il'm-e hai’at

n.m. astronomy U'm-o-faz’l n.m. learn-

ing and excellency ft ‘il'm-e hahda'sah (col.
-hind'sah n.m. geometry ‘ulama’ n.m. (pl. of
l \f ‘a'limit) & ‘il'mi adj. scholarly in-
ilectually scientific iS>f‘ilmiy'yat n.f.
learning ; scholarship pedantry ftj* ‘uloom'
n.m. fields or branches of knowledge
sciences ftJ* ‘uloo'm-e-jadl'dah n.m. pl.
modern knowledge ; ^modern science ; modem
fields of iearing *Sj‘(’J* t uloo , m-e sharqiy'yah,
ft* 3 ^mash'riqi ‘uloom' n.m. pl. Oriental

learing ^$f/ , ‘iloo’m-e qadi'mah n.m. pl. an-
cient sciences , old fields of learing fyft*
'tiLoo'm-e-murat'vajah n.m. current branches of
learning ft*‘2loo'm-o-fBnoon' n.m. pl. arts
and sciences (A]

if a'lam n.m. (pL./'JJ*la‘lam') proper noun
ft standard ; banner a' lam-bandar'
n.m. supporter or protagonist (of cause, etc.)

standard-bearer t fj^'a'lam toot ns v.i. lx
cursed J l jf‘a’lam-dar n.m. standard-bearer Vft
* a'lam kar'na v.t. draw (sword, etc. ) k
ho' Mi v.i. be notorious [A]

i* ‘ulSv’ UM. height sublimity (A]

Jr

. iful'n adj . celestial (of incantations)
V-J^with a religious sanction (A~ f Ma]
^jt‘a'law Kt>i (see under poll.)

U> ‘ali n.m. Ali ; name of fourth Ortho-
^ do* Caliph the Sublime (as attribute of
Cod) adj. (rare) high sublime tSJ* ‘a'taui
n.m. one descended from Hazrat Ali [A]

Ilf ‘ala’ pref. on ; upon ; at (never used
O sane in ph.) i)lJiD>if‘alal-iUisal' adv. (arch.)
continuously ; consecutively (JlPV'o'alal-ilfaq'
adj. & adv. (ped.) abso\ute(ly)'JfpiJf‘atat-tavak'-
kul adv. on trust without apparent surety
‘alal'-top’ , ^(fialal'-tap’ aov. (col.)
thoughtlessly ^l^'f'alal hisab’ n.m. suspense
account tiiu^l^f'elal-hisab’ de'na v.t. advance
(money to) C a/al-Aisab’ lens. v.i. take on
advances ft^if'alal-khusoos’ adv. especially
particularly ftyf'alad-davam ad
permanently for ever fjlf ‘alar-ragh’m adv.

against in the teeth of Z/ly’tf'alas-sabak'
adv. early in the morning ft** tf'alal-umoom '
adv. generally usually in general

4 , f&iqf'ala' ha t-al-qiyds' ph. and so on
‘ala' qadr-t mars' lib (ph.) each according to his

status its

0 iSfi ' als fl ‘dah (also spelt adj. seperate
Jv distinct adv. part asunder

distinct disconnected separately
‘ala'hidah rakk'n ^ u v.t. set apart separate

keep a Way jjf‘ulahidagi (or -ha-) n.f.
separation dismissal [A) ■ / ■

/^.‘alaik adj. on you (one person) ff
t -^Z‘alai kum adv. on you (all) ‘alai'kuma
adv. on you (two) ‘alaik' salaik' n.f.
nodding z.cqua.'mxzocc^^^f'ataik' salaik' ho'na
v.t. exchange greetings have nodding
acquaintance (with) (A - (f •+• */ }

, ‘alai’hi adv. on him Lf‘atai'ha adv. on
her iZS^'alai'h-ir-tah'mah int. (with
names of dead saints, etc.) mercy on him
‘ alaih-is-salom ' int. (with name of prophets)
peace be upon him ftf ‘ alai'him adv. on- them
ler* ‘alai'himd. adv. on the two of them

[A~ . ' tV asrur

l if adj. ntghest (woman, ctc.) 4 ^ *T

Z ‘ul'ys-hacrat ph. Her Highness ; Her
Fxcellency ; Her Majesty [A ~ m. tT< ]
jjf'akl ADJ. ill ; sick ; indisposed [A- K^* ]

Jfatlm' adj. wise (one) who knows
everything n.m. All-knowing ; Omniscient
(as attribute of God) [A- ‘il m]

c> > am ’ n.m. uncle ; father’s brothers Ijf
ft * am-zad ' adj. & n.m. (son or daughter) of
one’s uncle , cousin /*<^bih't-e 'am' n.m. cousin;

439

esp. beloved female cousin [A]

n.m. (pl. jS lu'mvd) pillar [A]

'itna'ral n.f. (pl. ‘imarat') build-

ing structure (rare) construc-
tion [A*]

iC if' ' avtsri N ' F - canopied seat on back of
elephant or camel

/ I Lt <amms ^ N M - PL - revenue collectors
■' governors workers agents
'Omma'l-t hukoo’mat n.m. pl. government officials
{A -SING,

j^^'ima'mak n.m. turban [A]

'ama”id n.m. (pl. of -t-S-ff)

jfr * ant'd (col. 'a' mad) adj. deliberate ; in-
^ tentional n.m. (rare) intension; resolve *ijf
'am'dan (col. ‘ a'madan ) adv. proposely ; deliber-
ately ; intentionally [A]

t 'am dak adj. nice ; fine excellent
grand class ; posh j*.m. pillar ;
prop ; stay trusted person ; trustee 4 XfitfyJf
'Sm'dat-Ul-mul’k n.m. national trustee (pf
‘Um’dagl n.f. nicety ; fineness excel-
lence f A)

S' ‘firw '‘Amur (col. 'U mar) n.f. age
Hfe life-time jfyS'Um’r bh.ar (or ‘umar’)
ADV. life-long ever L ‘ i' mar pat'tah

llkka'na' v.i. get a deed for immortality
'Um'r-e kha’zir, & 'Um' r-e nook' n.f. a very
long life jljjJ'um'rtdarazf int. may you live
long adj. long-lived ^J^O^'um'r-rau'dah (or
*Q'mar-) adj. one advanced in years
*um'r-e tab'‘i (or lah'‘i) n.f. normal span of life
j>)lslC-f‘iim'r kat'na (or tir' kar'na) v.i, pass
thd life (VyiyZ 'Sm’r kat'na (or tir' ho' n a)
v.i, (of life) pass [A]

& * u'mar n.m. Umar ; name of second Ortho-
/ dox Caliph

. ‘am'r n.m. Amr ; a fictitious name (used
J)y* for drill in grammatical patterns) j

* am’r-e 'ayyar' ki zambii' ph. something
that can contain a lot

t, ‘ umrati ’ n.m. society ; population j lS
WyS ‘vmra’ni adj. sociological t^LrjS'umranij-
yaf n.f. sociology [A)

a, 'u’m’rah n.m. off-seasonal pilgrimage to
4/A Mecca [A]

•• *> 'u'miq n.m. ^pl (jjtla'maq ') depth

4/ profoundity adj. deep

intense profound [A]

if* 'a'mal n.m. (pl. (Jifla'maC) action
is deed practice work operation
process administration : jurisdiction time
(of) spell ; charm ; incantation effect
sway ruleC^t^- park'na v.i. mutter
a spell or charm ; to practice a spell Cjf !/$ ^
* a'mal-paira’ ho' na v.i. act ( upon ) g ‘Smal-t
jarrahs n.m. suigery ; surgical operation
'a'mal-da'rX n.f. # reign government sway
authority a' mol dakh'l n.m. say sway ;

authority>/y>^ Vma/ dar-a'mad n.f. imple-
mentation acting (upon) bl/jtX/jf'a'mal dar-

a'mad kar’na v. act (upon) enforce ; imple-
ment 1‘jfS a' mol dar-a'mad ho' na v.i. be
acted (upon) be enforced ; be implemented
‘a'mdl kar'na v 1 . act (upon) C/!(j^'a'nul
ho’nfi v.i. be implemented 'ik? ‘ amalan adv.
practically ; for all practical purposes [A]
if > ‘a'malah (col. ‘am’lah) n.m. staff ; establish-
^ mont jS 'am'lah fe'-lah n.m. (col.)' office
establishment ; members of staff J^'a'mali adj.
practical L fif'd' matt ja'mah ptifma’na v.t.

implement [A]

Jr ‘ umood ’ n.m. perpendicular pillar
tS ’f'Umoo'di adj. perpendicular [A]

. c, * umoom ' n.m. commonness generality
) y "i J 'u moo' man, f*jfb bil-'umoom ‘ adv.
usually ; commonly ' generally al^fjS'u moomiy '-
yat n.f. generalization [A~ f't* ]

£- ‘amid' n.m. (pl. XlS 'ama'id) pillar
SXl important personality dignitary izZ^Slt

'amq'd-t sal'tanat n.m. dignitaries of the
state [A]

.. c- 'arriiq' ADJ- (see under dr)

J? * airilm ’ adj. comprehensive alt-
embracing [A - J
‘ana n.f. trouble ; distress [A]

(ped. ‘unnab') N u. jujube
* ^ 'iina’H (ped. 'utmabd) adj. dark red [A]
'had' n.m- enmity ; hostility [A]

d.i> ‘ana'dil N.F. PL. ( -SING.

^^,'anflsxt N.M. PL. ( — SING.

t£fr‘if)an n.f. bridle ;

'X hukoo'mat n.f. reins of government IA]

tna'jM

•.•'mafuai n.f. impotence [A]

iSr\. r

440

* Spin*' yat n.f. Jpc. tS-iWiia yal') favour:

''kindness gift ; syscat attention [A]
‘i'nah n.m. grapes [A)

.p 'am bar n.m. ambergris u^j^'am'bar-e
ash'hab n.m. black ambergris </^ f '*am , barlh
at> j. smeltings of ambgrgris ; sweet -smelling

jet black [A]

. *ind pref. at ^oft ; upon near
during in time i-ab-istifsar’

adv. on inquiry dZ/yjafylP ''yfH-mrtfltoiral adv.

in case Of need When required
iri d-at-ia'lab adv. on demahdjMXf'iri' d-ailoh’
adv. before God ; in the eye’s of God tStHuiUP
'in' d-al-mulaqai' adv. when we meet ; at our
meeting (Js'U l JS‘in'i-al-vilsoot adv. on receipt
on arrival £/} d-al-vuqoo'" adv. in

that event at its occurrence f ^ ‘ indiy'yah n.m.
view ; opinion intention plan ; design
‘indifyah fa’ ns (or h’na or
tna'loom'-kar'na ) v.t. ascertain the view (of) [A]

/ •p'andallb' N.p. (dial. M.) (PL^ljl^ ‘am'dil)
nightingale [A]

.pwdtfyah n.m. (see under ■& if)

^ •

•p'Bn'sar (or ‘flnrOr) Nja. (pl. y^t^’anaslr)

element part factor (S/^'UrfsaTi

adj. elemental (A]

••e,Unf%vm' n.m: bloom, flower or prime
d(^(ofyonth)[A)

M *p'H’tvdq n.f. (ra.. Zif-ta'tauf) neck [A}

U

M'p'.anqi n.m. phoenix (fig.) Tara
a'vis’ adj. rare ; curious hard to-
find i'^^'anqi’ ho'tta v.l be rare not to
be available vanish [A~ prec.) >

„ /6,'ankaboot’ n.f. spider

‘ankaboof n.m. spider’s web some-

thing flimsy {A)

1 1 Sitin' N-M. (pl. (gj&’ , anaoht') title

C'-' heading headline rnapner ; mode
something serving as an indication [A)

‘anln’ adj. & n.m. impotent (person) (A]

, p ‘ova riz n.m.. pl. disease attributes
(//’/ things happfening (tb) [A ~ sing.^I*

, 4 avatif n.m. pl. affection ;

tJflHri [A ~ SING,

"t . p'avi’qib _n.m. pl. consequences (A-

SING.

. a ‘« raw' n.m. pl. public masses
f '/ common people , commonalty lower

strata of society ifCMf’lf’-avam-Htn-Ms' (ped.

‘ avsfrim -) N.M. common run of mankind

lower strata of society [A ~ sing. ]
L.p'/wa'mil n.m. pl. agents factors
U'y (gram.) governing words JA~sing. if If]

.* S' p’oqj Ub’n-ii 'ooq', (col . vfy dJ" ‘auj ' bin.

'S'naq) n.m. name of a very tall
legendary figure (joc.) very tall persop jA]
p *i ood Nja. aloeswood harp; \xds(S£f>f

‘oo'd-e hift'di n.f. aloeswood Xr'zf'ood'-soz
n.m. censer [A]

p 4 and N.M. return ralapst ; man of
abilities, experience and prudence
‘<md’ kar s’na v.l return relapse [A]

aural n.f. woman female wife
nakedness ; norditv parts of body
that should go covered £/l>£/j?‘av!tat zaf n.f.
woman female sex weaker. vessel [A]

% p 'i’vaz n.m. exchange substitution
L'' ' recompense reward adv. in turn
(for) instead mo'a’vazak

n.m. (col.) ’mz mo’s! vazak

gi'lah nad&'rad prov. tit for tat let us call
quits J&f'ivza’nah (ped. ‘ivaza'nnh) n.m. ex-
change ; compensation (ped. 'i'eazi)

adj. officiating n.m. substitute de'na

v.t. supply a wbstitute & kar' ns v.l.

officiate [A]

. £, ‘ aun n.m, (pl. ePS'ta'vzn') helper (A)

< yr

4 aWd (or 'aihad ; ped. ’«*'</) nju. vow
jby oath promise covenant ; agree-
ment testament reign era ;• epoch ; age

time; reason df batidhtna v I.

vow (to) promise (to) itf/juf' 'nh’d tor'na v.

break (one’s) promise back out of one’s
comment) LZSjfhS'aih'd’C bSkoo’mat N.M. reign
(of) c?^£<St£ke ‘aih'd-e hUkoo'mat mth ph.
during the .reign of ; while (someone) sat on the
throne J&*f''aih'd~*K'kan adj. not true jo
one’s word faithless; false ; treacherous
• aih'd-sbi kari n.f. breach of contract breach
of faith infidelity V/^'cuh'd kafra v.i.
promise ; give ode’s word yow 4 oih’d -

na'mah n.m. treaty agreement covenant

testamentv^iujjfiJra'na ‘aih'd-namah n m.
Old Testament na'ya ‘ath'd-na'mak New

Testament ‘ah’ d-o-paiman’ (or pax'mii)

n.m. pledges and assurances secret under-
standing alliances agreement (A)

p ‘oh’dah n.m, post; rank, duty ;
bJ** obligation ; resposibility lyysjjf'oh'dah

bars' ho'na v i achieve the object come
out successful do (one’s) duty discharge
the responsibility (of) $1/ 'oh'dah bar- a”l W.r.

accomplishment performance success

discharge of responsibility * oh'da-dar (col.

-de-) n.m. officer official non-commis-

sioned officer in army ; N.C.O. officer-holder
office-bearer [A]

. ^ (, 1 iya'dal n.f. visiting (of the sick)

•• inquiring (after ailing person) {A]

•it 'iyaz' n.m. seeking protection Jziilf'iya'zan
billah.’ int. God forbid ; may God protect
< al-'iyaz' int. God forbid [A]

'iyar' n.m. touchstone jUkJlf ka'mil ’iyar

J Z adj . pure (gold, etc.) j kam-'iyar adj .
hasp fAl " •

base [A] " '

- . . 'ayyar' n.m. impostor swindler
knave adj. crafty artful sly ;

cunning gjlf- ‘ayya'ri n.f. cunning slyness
craftiness artfulness swindling im-
posture knavery [A]

'ayyash' adj. rakish ; voluptuous
Uz? leading a gay life-^XP ‘ayya’shf n.f.
voluptuousness luxury [A ]

1 1 p, ‘iyal’ n.m. family children jWlf

UzT * iyal-d&r ’ n.m. & adj. family man ; (one)
shouldering the responsibility of maintaining a

family (fjbJlf'ayal'.-Ja’ri n.f. family worldly
affairs [A -sing. J?\f\

lj£, 'iyah' adj. obvious; evident clear
(■'i; manifest apparent visible^i^fjJji*
'iyafi' ra die bayah' PROV. self evident needs no
exposition Ul/jlfiyati' kar'na v.t. make clear
lay bare make manifest IjfiJlf'iyah' ho'na
v.i. be clear become evident be mani-
fest appear (Pj

, n.m. (pi.. i^jS'iyoob') sin

blemish vice fault . defect
imperfaction cjt •^aib'Jkh, c-S'aib'-chln' adj.
fault-finding; critical n.m. caviller fault-finder
t-^'aib'-iti'jA, (£%£*£'‘aib'-chi'ni n.f. cavil
fault-findingt^r^art'-^wV adj. & n.m. (one)
conniving at others faults forgiving

‘ aib’-po'M N.f, conniving overlooking/ ^.*

atb'-joo' n.m. fault-finder caviller ; carper

malignant critic adj. fault-finding
carping ; cavilling picking holes {in)j£^p
'aib'-joo' , i n.f. fault-finding cavil *
malignant criticism picking holes (in
'aib'-dar adj. defective faulty damaged

soiled sullied / t^lrib'-go n.m.

slanderer cal umn i ater 3 / ^‘aib'-go’ 'i n.f,

slander; calumny slandering I'jjSc-tf ‘art

laga'ni v.t. defame malign cast asper-
sious on slander stigmatize CttflsS’aib'
nikal'na v.t. find fault with pick holes (in)
d*°h 'rib rtar' I ph. all the deadly
sins (fit T ai'bi adj. vicious ; sinful faulty

sins (fit ri'bt adj. vicious ; sinful fatilty
defective [Aj

. s, "Id n.f. (pl. jifayad') Eld festival
- JP'jJT'id-U-fil'r n.f. Eid-ul-Fitr ; festi-
vities marking the end of Ramzan , Lesser
Bairam d-ul-oz'la, MSyjP 't'd-e az'ha

(col. f’UP'ld-Ui-zoha) n.f. Eid-ul-Azha ;
Greater Bairam saerificial festival ; festival
marking the completion of Haj rites festival
commemorating Abraham ’s sacrifice of his son

pi'chju tar’ ph, untimely festivity
'belated arrangements [A]

‘i’sa n.m. Jesus £ZLfc' i'ta msi'h n.m.
t? ** Jesus Christ 'isa’H n.m. & adj.
Christian (frit 'I’saui adj. Christian (fsrfy'
san'n-e *i i’sadl n.m. Christian' era ; anno Chris ti’ •
A C ; -anno domini’ ; A'.D. [A ~ Hj

‘rish N.M. gay life ; a life of pleasure
^ ** and enjoyment luxury ft
Ura'na (or kar’na) v.i. enjoy .opeself live in
luxury lead a gay life*/ ( /**c£?‘«ii*' munap’-
% has kar'na v.t. mar the pleasure (of) fit

« sh o- tshral n.f. J H>t(jHt ‘ ai'sh-o nasbaf n.m.

luxury gaiety and happy social life [A]
jit 'rin adv. exactly precisely L posi-
U ~ lively n.m. (pl. ulj£'.yoori) spring ; foun-
tain tf.F. (Pl.&jila'yUn) eyc djfat'ai'n-ul-yaqin’
n.m. positive knowledge ctftff'ain’ pain adj.

almost alike squint-eyed dtjt ‘airi main

adv. exactly exactly alike be-'ai’m-hi

(col. ba) adv. exactly ; precisely * aim adi.

eye-(witoess) [A]

‘In adj. & n.m. pl. large-eyed
tt N.M. pl. larged-eyed houries [A - prec.}

. ffi ’ri’ nak n.f. glasses , spectacles
- goggles [P-A^l

'Byjoeb' n.m. (pl. of *-£★)

' a J°o* « **• (PL. Of it)

a . . *OatKX»OCJ«

f. pain n.f. twenty-fourth letter of Uidu

alphabet ; (also called pai'n-e ma"jcmah or
n ~ e ntanqoo'tah) (according to Jummal
reckoning) 1,000

442

l/lc t!} a W ar adj. (dial.) Stocky;

*• stuggy

xia & ' iiyah n.m. Mjlf^'jqdv'uat-e gha’ziyak

** n.f. the faculty assimiliating food; assimil-
ating faculty [A - Ijf ]

jti L b * r cave ; cavern pit lair ;

den jlfAya'r-e ghat' (col. yar' gh or) n.m.
intimate friend(s) [A)

«• , • gha'rat n.f. devastation ; destruction
plunder ; pilage ravage raid
waste; ruin ijf(Jj?*Z/logha’ rat ghol' ho'na v.i. go
to waste llAz/jti gha'rat kar'na v.t. plunder
pillage ravage waste ; ruin ^j\fgharai-gar
n.m. raider plunderer he who lays
waste tfj-'jljgha' rat-gd’ri n.f. destruction
plunder ; pL’ 'age (Clfj’)Vjr£>j\ifj\a'rat ho'na (or
jam) v.i. be destroyed be ruined be
cursed ; be damned [A]

• i* gha'iah n.m. powder ; performed powder - ;
** face-powder Jbjd%ojtigha'za-ogtilgoo'nah n.m.
powder and rouge [P]

ghs’ti n.m. Muslim soldier hero
0^ ** conqueror (col.) rake magician
ytjfo gha'fi mard hero (col.) horse

[A~ I-/)

A . ghashiyak n.m. saddle-cloth -

5 f shiya-bar-dar' n.m. obedient servant
lackey ; flunkey [A]

• gha’sib n.m. usuper plunderer

victorious

t>J* g ha'fil adj. inattentive ; unmindful
(J thoughtful negligent ; remiss (A]

J it a lib ADJ. overpowering domine-
» ering predominant larger prob-

able having the upper hand victorious
<0?J'jfiC J lfii b “'lib ana (or ho’na) v.t. win;

overcom'e beat ; gain the upper hand
ghalibdn adv. probably ; in all probability

[A~ >]

/ill adj. extremist ; fanatic ; fanati-

** cal (rare) dear ; expensive [P]

ghali’ehah N.M. carpet [P]

~

. * gha’liyah n.m. perfume made _ from com-
phor. ambergris, etc. gha hya-moo

(or -mo) adj. with perfumed tresses (A]

AD J‘ a ^ struse (point) [A]

✓ . gha"ib adj. absent invisible con-
cealed vanished n.m. (gram.) third
person ghullah ho'na v.i. I'jisii

gha"ib kar'na v.t. make away with remove
stealthily (jf t - sC gha'ib ho'na v.i. vanish
disappear gha'iba'nak adv. ‘in absentia*
without actually coming across (A ~ <—X]
&' a '' W . AD J - deep ; penetrating (vision)

f ha”i adj. (see under fold.)

gha’yat n.f. (pl. Csti* ghayst') and
•* purpose adj. extreme excessive adv.
extremelv excessively tfe^j&tigha'yat darje
ka adj. extreme utmost gha't adj.
final ultimate jCmP'il’lat-e gha’t n.f. ulti-
mate cause (A]

, v ghtbar' n.m. dust cloud of dust
Jjr ill-feeling estrangement (also

khat't-e ghubat') style of Urdu writing in minute
characters (e }J J\jO'ghubar'-alood'(ah) adj. dusty
dustcovered foggy not clear put f’ghjbar’
ana grow suspicious about lUflyObghabsr' utk'na
v.i. (of a cloud of dust) ris tjujs&khubar-e kha'lir
n.m. mental agony heart-burning fit of
sp\cenOlj'jif' ghiibar niksl'na v.t. take one’s

revenge vent one’s spleen Cd'h&'ghubsr" nikal-
na v.i. (of heart burning) end (of anger)
subside [A]

, i ghiiba'rah n.m. balloon

oM -

— I Lgjjdba’vat n.f. (see under (jf adj. •&

J j j f'gbab’ghab n.m. double chin
• g bab’ghab n.m. dimple in the chin [A]

Jf> gha’ban n.m. misappropriation ; embezzle-
ment ; defalcation Vj'tyf gha’ban kar’na
v.t. misappropriate ; embezzle ; defalcate [A]

V ghabi adj. stupid; thick-skulled n.m. dunce
(S m iS'jO'ghaba'val n.f. stupidity [A]

V,g hap n.f. (same as yX n.f. •fr)

ghap'pa n.m. same as ^ N -M • ★)

J, Vghflt N.M.
**** croud

sound made in gulping down

ghat rabood' adv. & adj. jumbled
misconstrued (of sense) con-
fused f ^P ironically or foolishly misconstrued

Zgha’td-ghat’ , yt^i^ghat' ghat adv at a
‘■''‘^^gulp JgS&'ghat' be ghat' n.m. pl. crowd
(of) (ono.]

, l.kZ.ghit'tar ghoon n.f. cooing [ono.J

UfyX

<43

£ ghacfa n.f. sound of walking in mud
S/' sound of sword, etc. moving in flesh
[ono.]

| tr ghach'eka (dial. O'ghap'pa) n.m. fraud ;
it deceit ghacfe'fha de'na V.T. gull; dupe
CCjrfighach'dialia'na v.i. be gulled ; be duped

* \had'r n.m. prefidy ; treachery mutiny

(as name given to 1857 Freedom Fight
by British rulers)

j • ghaddar' n.m. & adj. perfidious ; treach*
erous (person) tfjtMghadda'ri n.f. treachery;
perfidy [A~foll.)

• ghudood' n.m. gland tji ghad'dah n.m. {pl.

ghu'dad) gland

- • ghadir' n.f. pool small lak e/M>jJf

JJ" 'd-e ghadir' n.f. (see under n.f. ~ir)

, •* ghiza' n.f. (pl. I agh'zijyaA) food. .

diet nourishment aliment
fhiza'-e saqil n.f. rich foodile^^ghtca'-e latif'
n.f. light food ghiza ’i adj. nutritious
alimental dietery lZjsIJ* ghiza' iy’y at n.f.
nourishment nutritive value ; food value [A]

I gharra adj. lustrous ; refulgent
/ illustrious [A]

. • ghlrab' n.m. crow ■ raven fAj

* 1 /

/•gharabat n.f. uncommonness ; un-
''ty familiarity *--£/'adj. if [A]

, • ghararah n.m. gargle long parted
OJ’y skirt (arch.) large sack (j tj Ifgh arcT ra-

dar pajamah n.m. (old name for tjl/'N-.M. if)
i». V ghiirra'no v.i. growl (Jt/'gbiir'rafi adj.
* y growling [ ~ P]

fi%,ghara”ib n.m^ pl. strange things

, / rarities '-^jf^f^ajs' , ib-o-ghara' , ib n.m.
pl. (see under «-«''(/' n.m. pl. dk) A ~ sing
~ ]

S£,%harb' n.m. west Jfghar'bi adj. & N.m.
,*y western ; occidental i^'fjijJ^sbar' q~o ghar'b
n.m. pl. the East and the West [A]

ghirba/' n.f. sieve riddle [A]

ghuraba n.m. (pl. t^y-ADj. & n.m. *)

„ * gh Ur’bal n.f. poverty penury

“'y being away from home being an alien
being in foreign land ^jiszfghur'bat-za'dah
adj. poverty-stricken impoverished
doomed to stay away from home [A]

^ ghar'K adj. (sec under wJp n.m. if)

gha'raz n.f. selfishness interest

US motive aim ; object purpose; inten-

tion design wish end use concern;
business necessity target CONJ. in short
^fjy'gha'raz-s^h'na adj. selfish
gha'raz bdi'oli ho' a hai, gha'raz bun

bala hai prov . necssity makes man madjl/ll^y'
i /gha'raz ks ba'ola (or dioa'noh) n.m.
slave to one's passions extremely selfish person
Adifrgha'raZ kayar' n.m. one who has an axe to
grind jirff'gha'rat-mand ' adj. needy in-

terested selfish&Sjtfgha'raz-mafi'dl n . f .
self-aggrandizement need 0 &(/’/' gha'raz

nikal'na v.i. have one’s end served
gha'raz nik'U ahkk bad'li prov. selfish person is
never tnie to anyone J^ial-gha'raz conj. in
short gha'raz adj. disinterested.*!''^'
be-gharaza nah adj. & adv. disinterested
be-gha'razi n.f. altruistic attitude ; altruism [A]
ghar’gharah n.m. gargle [A]

' ghitr'~fish n.f. bullying growl

U / [ono.]

I z/ g^Ur'fah n.m. (pl. if'ghtir fat') win-

s dow attic [A]

*1 V, gh ar'q n.m. drowning sinking

Vy immersion absorption adj. drowned
sunk immersed absorbed It'/of’Qar' q

kar’na v.i. drown submerge ruin b’jfi)/
gh ar'q ho'na v.i. be drowned be submerged

be ruined •^'bf'gharq-ab' adj. drowned n.m.
(also ^if /ghar-qabah) whirlpool deep
water [A]

• ghjroob' n.m. sunset setting (of

sun, moon, etc.) [A]

V,g hiroor' n.m. pride; haughtiness

vanity ; vainglory _ haughtiness ;
‘hauteur’ boast brag /*&>}' gh iroor’ ka sir'

m'(ta prov. pride goeth before a fall b'Jjjf-
gbvroor' kar'na v.i. be proud boast ;
brag [A]

V ghar’rah n.m. pride vanity haughti-

•/ ness ; ‘hauteur’ [A]

V, ghUr'rah n.m. appearance of crescent
V first of a lunar month white spot on
horses forehead off-day going about with-
out meals ;'inforced fasting [A]

. Vgharfi' n.m. stranger foreigner

traveller poor person miserable
person adj. poor destitute indigent

penurious wretched miserable (^Jlt-sjPgharfb-
ill va'tan n.m. alien one away from home
fkji^f'ghari'b^til-Da'tati n.f. being a foreignet
being away from home ^j/.i^yf'gharlb - par' va’

ti'lf

444

adj. & N.M. gracious (person) gfewt%V

par’ vari n.f. graciousness s&i-sjfgharlb'-kha'ndli
n.m. humble above (as euphemism for ‘my
howc')jl t Jtt T sf’.gbari'b-ud~diyar’ ^ji g hari'b-

Ul-ut'tan adj. & n.m. foreigner ; alien (one)
away from home ty^/Qarib' gh /Vais' n.m.
poor people; paupers ’ tfUjiffjjrjisffhatlb' ti
jo’roo sob' to bha'bi prov? the weakest the
poor are taken lightly jtu-^/'gharii'-mar n.f.
oppression of the poor ; troubling^ the poor
t^t^/.&;£^jj£z/'$harlb' nt ro'ze rak'kke din
ba’re s”e prov. the weal always suffers
the very first attempt causing misery
gharib'-nav&z' adj;. & n.m. gracious hospit?
able courteous to strangers kind to the
poor ( fjfyus/’gharlb'-nana'zi n.f. graciousness

courtesy to strangers kindness to the poor
yicJ^ghariba'naA adj, poor bumble adv.

like (or befitting) a poor person humble ;
in a humble way like a foreigner gharf'bi

n.f. poverty ; penury indigence humi-

lity misery being a traveller tlf(f^pghart’ In
d’nn v.i. be reduced to poverty have a
hard time ; fall on evil days [A~ difj']

V ghari'zi adj. natural invat ztSsJ&jl?'

harn’rat-e ehari'd n.f; natural heat of
body [AJ

-j * ghartq' n.m, drowning person adJ.

Uy drowned sunk immersed sub-
merged overwhelmed ts^^f’ghari’qe rob' mat

(or raih-) adj. whelmed with divine mercy
rL^C^^j-^khiida' gh ari'q-e rah’ mat ka're ph.

May God overwhelm (him) with mercy (he)
who is dead [A~ of"]
j gh arm’ n.m. noise [PI

ghara/>’, ‘s'^f jjorafi' n.f. sound of f«
^g'y or plunge into the water<£-w/^ghara^'
adv. in a jiffy [ono.]

ghats' n.m. fighting ‘jehad* [A~
doublet of *j^}

gh aza'lah n.f. gazelle ; fawn (rare)
sun delicate beloved [A] > .

i f.2> fla'zal n.f. ode amatory verse 0*id'?
Uy gha’zfll park’na v.i. read or recite a verse
Oi jSjp gba’zal-khah, yjypgha’zalsarn adj . recit-
ing verse n.m. poet Jj t'dfgha' zal-kha' m,
gha’zat-sara”i n.f. reading or reciting an ode
~ poet c/tl^g ha’zal koih'Mt v.i. compose an
ode [A]

* ghaz'vak n.m. (PL.iS'lrffhazassf) war
b) y against infidels, in which the Holy Pro-
phet himself participated (as against ^/sariy’yah

fall

se

Jlf

in which he did not [A]

ghajjal' n.m. (see under J^n.m. ★)

LjP gh2r7 n.m. bath ablution laving
V u}-*gh 2s’l~e afta'ti n.m sun bath^tjj^"

gh&s’l-kha’nah n.m. bath room ; bath^^J^
ghls'l-e self' hat n.m. bathing after recovery • con-
valescence bath CtfJ^ghus'l-e may’ jit N.M. wash-
ing the dead body ; corpse-laving Ji^ghassa!'
N.M. (f. jCf'ghassa'lah) undertaker whose work
is restricted to washing the dead corpse; laver [AJ
g hash n.m. swoon- fainting fit

a'na(or pans or kar'na or kha'na
or ,h'na, v.i. faint ; swoon tf^ghaVtt n.f. (col.),
swoon ; fainting tjjstfj^gha'shi ka dau'rah n.m.
fainting fit [A]

Urgbas'b n.m. usurpation taking by
force ti/Zs^ghas'b kar’na v.t. take by
force usurp * t I^«_^gh<*r'i jr fl-HaA'i n.m. usurpa-
tion and pillage. [A]

V,ghSJr'jai n.m. anger • rage ; passion
(rare) suffocation (with ) griefaVijjfriJf’
ghfiiVa/r utdr'na (or nikal’na) v.i. vent” one’s

spleen retaliate^U^-^gh is'sah pi’ tut (or
mar'na) v.i. suppress one's anger p'Hj^bf’ghUs'salt
dita'na V.T. enrage irritate offend ; give
offence ; incense Vj**?gb*s'sah kar'na v.i. be
angry be enraged; fly into a passion
ghu s'sah nak’ far-ho’ ns v.i. be very irritable
wear one’s heart. upon one’s sleeve be easily
offended Cbr/fi/fePgPiU'st men bhar' ja’na v.i.
fly Into a passion Jt^gh Jsi'la, Jz&’gpUSail' adj.

touchy; testy irritable ; irascible wrath-
ful [A]

J+$hn’zbb n.m. (God’s) wrath anger ;
W*^rage calamity adj. exquisite,
extraordinary s&ange unexpected '’ML**

gha' zab-dlgod' (ah) adj. furius indignant ;
wrathful a'zab poofna v.t. be visited

by wrath (of God) be overtaken bv calamity
azab-tofna v.i. be cruel door
say something strange K'ijat r ^'gha'zab-khii'daka
in*. how strange "to hell with t
gha’zab-dha'na v.t. be cruel be guilty oC
impropiety look exquisitely beautiful d'
gtia'zab ka adj. & adv. extreme(ly) ex r

quisite(ly) d/<-*&$}a’zab kar’na v.i.' be cruel
do something strange or unexpected
gho’zalbTi&k adj. furious wrathful indignant;
in.tcl‘^k^’gbo’zab~ho’na^ v.t. be very bad (f* c
gha*'i!,*ADj. & n.m. (f. pK’ban) (col.)

touchy ; testy irritable ; irascible [A] v.

445

.^rf&uzroof' n.m. cartilage ; glistle
ghazan'/ar n.m. lion [A]

adj. thick (clotb)

ghqffar' adj. very forgiving (as an attribute
Jit? o"fGod) [A~foll.]

. j *^rgh8/raa' n.m. remission of sins; absolu-
y^lr tion deliverance salvation [A]

ghu'fira la'hoo' (or -lah) < JJhJ^'gha'far-alla'h3i
la-hoo (or -lah') int. may be have salva-
tion JA ~ PREC.]

ghafoor' adj. forgiving (as an attribute of
God)

\f'ghaffr' adj- milling (crowd) jam'm-e
yj; ghafir' n.m. milling crowd [A ~ prec.]
i^ghaflat n.f. negligence remissness
thoughtlessness carelessness [A] .

it> ghil n.m. rancour malice
U be ghil'l-o-ghish’ adj. & adv. unreserved-
ly) unadulterated [A]

£ ghul n.m. noise clamour tumult
U iJC^J^ghu/' ghapa'ra n.m. . disturbance
clamour" tumult (Cbfjj bl/fl f ghUl K kar’na (or
madia' na) v.i. make a noise shout raise

a tumult hoot [A]

■ * ghiia'zat n.f. filth night-soil

litter (rare) roughness (rare)
hardness [A]

(pl. tj^gha/'/) N.F. cover
(pillow) . sheath tak’je^ ka

ghilaf n.m. -pillow-case ; pillow-slip
ghila'fl ankk n.f. large pretty with conspire us
eyelid [A]

n.m. slave knave (at cards)

( ** (rare) boy (vSi)C&flfr ghalam’ bana’na
(orkar'na) v.t. enslave ; enthral captivate
ghalam'-gar'dish n.f. servants walk cotti-
dor round the house for household servants
fj>ibe-dam’ fhfi/am' n.m. very fond (of)
very obedient (to) f'dtj.fjJ zar’- kharid' ghulam'
n.m. very obedient person self-purchased
slave (flPghVla'nh n.f. slavery ' servitude
(>.> (/) ghg/a'ml melt de'na v.t. marry (someone)
to the daughter (of) [A]
iigh al'bah (ped. gh a'labah) n.m mastery

overcoming excess prevalence over-
whelming CjpJ^ghal'bah pa’ na v.t. obtain
mastery (over) ; get the better (of) gain the
upper hand [A]

, •gha' lot adj. incorrect i wrong mi*-

taken, erroneous inaccurate fallacious

N.M,. (rare) mistake ( , UflJd f gj}a'lat-Ul* , ani' N.ai.
common linguistic error (as being idiomatic)
flyfU d* ghalat-ul ‘avsm' n.m. vulgarism jUlbt*
gha' lat-afidaz' adj. deceptive Jglances of be-
loved) chance (looks) ( jtjj gha'lat

ihaihrz'na (or qaraT de'na ) v.t. prove to be
wrong expose the hollowness of show the
fallacy of gha' lot sa'lat adj. wrong
right or wrong ^"jiktgha'lat-faik'm n.f. mis-
understanding ; misconception ; misapprehen-
sion jV%j2gha'lal~kar' n.m. & adj. wrongdofcr
(Jj tfrf*gpa'lat-ka'ri n.f. - wrongdoing
(sexual) excess (usu. pl.) masturbation /Jd*
gha'lal-go adj. & n.m. liar (one) spreading
false reports ^/jtf*gha'lat-go''l n.f. fajsehood
lie sb'yigha'lal-na'mah n.m. errate J*** gha' lah
(col. ghal'ti) n.f. Pi.J,ilelaghlat') mistake:
error inaccuracy oversight a slip (of the
pen, etc.) miscalculation fault of omission
fallacy wrong step l;/ ^gha'lah kar'nn
v.t. make a mistake take a wrong step'
Cjifgf! a' lah ho'na v.t. be wrong (of mis-

take) be made (of wrong step) be taken [A]
d.|p|K ft, *ADj. rolling wallowing

'^cJ^WJjghal'tafi{-°) pf'dak adj. (fig.) con-
fused ; confounded absorbed in thought. [P]
kiA gha' lah (col. ghal'ti) n.f. (see under pj*
O adj. )

.o.’ghil'zat n.f. density thickness [A]

CP*

.•ftghul'ghulah n.m.. tumult uproar
V*** clamour ll/ijji&ghul'ghulah bar-pa' kar'na
v.t. raise a hue and cry Ijf IsJ&’ghul'ghukh
bar-pa '■ ho'na V.r. (of tumult) be dr be raised [P]
J/* gh il'ldk, ^jjfgul'lak, <j(jfgo'lak n.f. till
cash-box safe f-A jii]

,/ tpghiiman' n m. lovely young male servants
in paradise [A ~ sing, fgif]
ghvlBs' n.f. excessive exaggeration

7 hyperbole Udftf'tz^gh’AlVm' se kam' le'na v.i.
highly exaggerate

, * ghat' lah n.m. com grain ; cereal

■A^(same »S4^‘n.f. 4k)
l^jjgbal’lah bhar’na v.t. store up grain Jj/J*

[PJ

ghal'la-firosh’ ttM. (rare) grain merchant

ghil’ lah, jJ*g\}Ule' lah rm. pellet [P]

•ghaljan' n.m. ebullition (A)

Jjj, ghahz’ adj. dirty
coarse ; broad ; obscene
thick [A~«s>a3

filthy

smutty

(%’

(rare)

446

4 .^jlt

l^tghiilel' n.f. pellet, bow; catapult o~-
gh'ueTcAt s.u. pellet-bow' shooter [Pj
f'gh am (pl. {'yghimootn) n.m. sorrow;

| grief sadness woe mourning bere-
avement concern ; worry jij^gham-khiir' n.m.
& adj. sympathising (friend) ; comforter
afflicted (person) (f jtjpghani-kha'ri n.f. sym- 1

pathy ; commiseration affliction

gham-k/ia'ri.kar'tia v.t. commiserate ^ sympathise
(with) vjjr gham'-za'dah , s^^gham-di' dah, ctfjf
gham-rusi'dah ..adj. afflicted grieved ;

aggrieved tf> y" gham-za'dagi n.f. affliction

sorrow gharn ghalal kar'nn v.t. divert

one'.s mind to get over grief comfort solace
aJ S^ ghatri -kddtih n.m. house of . grief un- \

fortunate person’s residence v/'^ghatri kar'm
v.t. & i. grieve lament I'i/S’gham' kkatiii
v.t. & i. suffer endure grief feel sym-
pathy (for) jlMgbnnrgusat’ adj. sympathising
-(friend) ; comforter ifjf^Xf’gham-gfisa'ri n.f! sym-
pathy ; commiseration cg&gham-gin^,. (or gham-
gth) adj. sad griefstriken
n.f. sorrow sadness tjtfgham-nak’ adj. sad;
sorrowful woeful ; patheticj/blf gham-na'ki

n.f. -sorrowfulness pathos J I

a'lam n.m. sorrow ; affliction ^ gha'mi n.f.
sorrow.-, (rare) grief , mourning fj?ghamiti adj.
dejected [A]

* * ghammaz’ n.m. backbiter an informer ;
JlX tale-bearer (rare) winking ifjlf’ghamma'zi

n.f. backbiting tale-bearing (rare) wink-
mg [ A ~

* gh arn'zah n.m. ogling ; amorous glance ;
O^X glad eye ClJs tjt gham’zak dikka'nn v.t.
ogle i j¥j2sha'tur-gham'zah n.m. (see under?-''
N.M.*) y.

^ gha mi n.f. (see under, n.m. *)

. • gh in*' n.m. singing ; vocal- music (also

ghonaj) riches ; wealth, [A]

n.m, (t»t. oft^y N.F. )if

n.m. bud adj. rosebud dfiJf
gha *t'(fia-da'han adj. having with a rose-bud
mouth n.m. sweetheart ; beloved [P]

^ g haf>j (or ghl itj) n.m. coquetry [P]

t>.\gh~in'.dah,)j/gitA'dj N.M. hooligan ; hood
lum ; bad character ; ‘goonda’ rowdy
tough ; rough (fj/uiPgkiinda-gar'dt n.f hooli-
ganism ; ‘goondaism’

•...♦2,ghungh8na’n5 v.i. speak through the nose ;

speak with nasal overtoneslUiPghun'ghBna

adj. & n.m. (f. tfj^ghun’ghuid) (one) speaking
through the nose [oxo.]

f.&ghunw'dQgi n.f. drowsiness ghunoo’dagi

v** a‘na v.i. feel drowsy doze off [P
. ^ghin'nak adj. nasal n.m. sound produced
through nose two' n-e ghun'nnb. n.m.

nasal n (joe.) nonentity

^ gha'n\ n.m. (pl. Ot i aghntya') rich {A ~ (z>~j
Ifghmim' n.m. enemy ; foe [A]

I .

jfigbai&'mat n.f. (pl, f Cfgbana'im)

***** plunder ; prize boon ; blessing {A]

0 'gha was' n.m. diver pearl diver if*/

Ujj ghavvasi n.f. diving pearl diving [A]

**/• V ghava 'tniz n.f. pl. abstruse points
k/ f* subtleties (of) (A~siNG.-^"lf

• V.gfiauj n.m. one who redresses another’s

grievance ; one who comes to another's
rescue (one of) an upper category of mystics
J^&'/ghau' s-e a' zam,)?in&?ghau's-ul a“zam n.m
appellation of famous Sunnite saint Abdul Qadir
Jilani [A]

V ghaut n.u, consideration, deliberation
JJ (rare) depth ££-// ghaut’ se,jJ^ ba'-ghaur'
adv. attentively c&refuUy t _s&i‘/'ghaur' -
la' lab adj. worth consideration adv. ‘under con-
sideration Vjfeghaur' kar'nn v.t. & t. consider
reflect deliberate dZ^fj^)//ghau'r~o~pardakht
n.f. attention (to) maintenance (of)t/33u^
gh.au' r-o-khauz' n.m. deliberation considera-

tion fyj'j'ghaw' ho' Ml v.i. be considered
be under consideration IA]

Ji>f gho'tah (ped. ghau’lah) .n.m. plunge; dip
dive j/j,'fgho'ta-khor, tfjjf/gho' ta-zan' n.m.
diver ‘frogman tfj&tygfco'ta-kho'Tl,. ‘(J/Jrjtg^o'ta
za/rii n.f. diving(usu. as a profession) jstkf'gho'tah
de’nn v.i. plunge ; dip C(jf£Pgh°'tati khz'na v.i.

plunge ; dip ; dive miss ; leave out ; for-
get (ft (, bj £ $ytgha‘l -A lag&'na (or mar' net) v.t.
plunge ; dip ; dive be absorbed in thought
fail to turn up [A)

• 1, ghau'gha n.m., noise uproar ; clamour;
Ifijr tumult lift jp'sho‘r-o-ghau' gha n.m. noise
and clamour $ li/fhoagha' ’i N.M. & adj. turbulent
(person) (P)

/ *g hoi n;m. swarm band ; crowd ; throng;
£/Jfinob ; gang J/’f/^J/'ghol' (ke) ghol n.m.
crowds ; whole crowds .

t'ghool, (pL.cJjJtS’gh:lan'}Jll'J/'ghoo'l-e bdyabani
Qj n.m. will-o’-the-wisp ; jack-o’-lantern ; 'ignis

fatuus’ (A)

v»o>

447

A

.(£ i i?! 100 *' N.f. infant’s cry I'j'fJtiJj'
0 U* ghooh' ghsh kar'na v.i. (of infant) cry ;
utter sound [ono.]

»'ghiysb‘ n.m. absence .disappearance
•o-htuzoor' n.m. absence and

presence [A]

,A

yas' n.f.. plaint seeking redress n.m.

one who redresses {A ~ <£*/]

\ghaib n.m. the hidden the invisible
adj. hidden ; concealed invisible

ghaib'-dan' (or- daft) adj. & n.m. (one) knowing
hidden things ; a prophet ; a seer ; diviner ; the
omniscient being 'J^^rtaib'-ddni n.f. knowledge
of hidden things enaib' n.m. the

invisible world c^ighai' bat n.f. absence
ki ghai'baf meh adv, . in the absence (of) be-
hind (someone’s) back tf^ghai'bi adj. unseen
invisible heavenly [A]

„ jlghi'bai n.f. backbiting v/ispfffri'bot kar'na
v.t. backbite [AJ

ghai'bi adj. (see under n.m. •£)

Vghair n.m. outsider
/z. stranger adj.

unrelated person
strange different adv. (of

condition) serious ; grave prei>. not ; un- ; in-
>t’ i s£'ghair-abad' adj. uninhabited deserted
uncommanded (land ghair-ikhtiyd ri
adj. involuntary unintentional
ghair' -tar'biyal-ysftah adj. unskilled un-
trained jlptfrf'ghair'-ja'nib-dsr' adj. & n.m.
neutral ifjtjslr/t' ghair' -ja' nib-ds' ri n.f. neutrality
si^fghair'-hs' zir adj. absent ghair' -ha ^ri

n.f. absence ghair/sa' majhna v.t. not to

regard as one’s own ghair' shakh’s n.m.

stranger ; a third person $>&/?ghair'-muta'as'sar
adj. unaffected ; unimpressed p/S/f g/air' -
mvtaraq'qabah adj. unexpected (blessing)
ghair' -mi tana' sib adj. disproportionate
{hair 1 -ml tons’ hi adj. unending ; limitless ; un-
limited jjjtfydj'ghair'-mahdood' adj. unlimited
boundless endless jrjjjs^'ghair'-mazrao ' 1 ah

adj. uncultivated J-* 4 ^Sghair-rriUsta , 'malah (rare
()d LC ~Z£'ghair'-musta‘'mal) adj. unused new
ghair’ -mashroot' adj. unconditional
ghair' -mass'/ i adj. non-combatant

non-belligerent (of atea) lying outside war zone
'-fjbb/df'ghair-matloob' adj. unwanted ; undesir-
able sPy^gbair' -mo' 1 tabor 1 adj. untrustworthy

unreliable incredible Jj^J’ghair-ma'moo'li

adj. unusual : extraordinary
ma’ moo'll iaur' par adv. unusually g/^O-^air-
mo'ay'yan adj. ihdefinit t!r/f ghaif-mikam'mal

adj. incomplete imperfect tPy/ft hair'-
mul'ki adj. foreign exotic ulypghair-
mim'kin adj. impossible uncultivable ; un-
culturable ghair’ -mitri kin-Ml-visooV

adj. irrecoverable ghair' -mUna sib adj.

unsuitable unbecoming undesirable im-
proper JJ*Z?’ghair-manqoo'lah adj. immovable
)i / If ghair-manqoo' lah js'tdad' n.f. im-
movable property ; real estate air -

mankoo'hah adj. unmarried living (as some-
one’s wife) out of wedlock •^fii^/^hair' -va'jib. adj.

improper not due C^ghairiji'yat n.f.
not being one’s own strangeness [A]

„ 'ghai'rat n.f. sense of honour shame
bashfulness modesty envy one
exciting the envy of(»ll sfljc£%P'ghai'rat-e eha
man (or -hoot' or -msh') n m. & adj. one exciting
envy of garden or ‘houri* or ‘moon’) Ckytzxp//’
ghai'rat se mar' ja’ns, Vy /d^ghai’ rat khs

ke doob mar' ns v.t. be put to great shame Ckfc/f
ghai'rat khs'ns v.i. experience shame get
ready to retaliate j/d^kg^ai' rat-mahd adj. & n.m.
(one) with a keen sense of honour modest
envious ip^JLbe-ghai'rat adj. shameless
brazen-faced 'dJ/'d-.be-ghai'ra.ti N.F. shameless-
ness [A]

, ^j/’^ghairiy' yat n.f. (see tinder^ n.m. & adj.

,*ghaiz n.m. anger ; rage ; ire <-**fjJ>/'ghai'z-o-
gha'zab n.m. ire and fury {A] _
ghain n.f. name of the letter t> (ghain)

(£*•• ghain ho' ns v.i. be dead drunk ; be tipsy [A]
ji jfgbiii' P*h X’f- brawl cry of child’s
C/yC/** wailing [ono.]

* • ghayoor’ adj. high-minded with a
jjfc keen sense of honour n.m. Honour guarding
(as an attribute of God) [A~

i ft twenty-sixth letter of Urdu alphabet
(pronounced fa in Arabic) ; (equivalent to
English /) (according to jummal reckoning)
80

2^ i* fs'trh n.m. conqueror adj. conquering
(j * (rare) opening [A ~ f? ]

•f/tfs'lehah n.f. (dial, m.) opening chaptei
of the Holy Quran this recited as
prayers for the dead £*>*/ /\>/s ' te/iah park! ns v.t.

pray thus for the dead despond (of) Oyjti
fS'teffah dens v.t. make offerings to God with

;i i

448

'Ji

cn

such prayers for dead mm'

gu'e mardood' fa iehah na darood' prov. be dies
unmourned the devil is dead [A ~
y/j/a'hV AD] , unsound (used only in) Lrlf fa"
* fa trr-ul-aq'l adj. crark ; of unsound mind

[A~

^.•fajif adj. & n.m. (pl. jtf fiijjar') sinful

(person) rake ; libertine ; debauchee
fa] it ah N.f. & adj. sinful (woman) un-
chaste or loose (woman) [A jj£ ]

i • faje'ah adj. (of event). tragic pain-
* fid ; grievous [A~ j
f, fa hi ft adj. obscene ; indecent ; smutty
egregious (mistak t)~r\dfd'knhah n.f.
loose woman prostitute ; harlot adj. urn-
haste (woman) immodest [A ~ \

„*,• fakh’lah n.f. dove ringed turtle-dove
2-fU 5 Jlr c)» s voti din ga"e

jab khalil' khan fakh'tah urn'ya kar'le the prov.

gone is the goose that lay the golden. eggs
ilie days of prosperity are at as end fftSfakhta'i
adj. fawn ; ashen (colour) [P]

. Lt‘ f a' klnrah adj. (m • Slifakhir) adj.

S m “ splendid •, elegant (rarel bragging |A~

/) -

.( I* fartin' n.m. Faran : name of a hill near
Mecca [A]

• -/,• farts n:m. (pl. ( fjlJ fasa’ris) horseman
CO(?' ca valier [A~ s)\

f . /• fu'ris n.m. Iran; Persia (fjli f a'risi (co!.
k/ far' si) n.f. the Persian language ; persian
adj. Persian ; Iranian L'juftfjlifar'si bagkar'na
(arch.) v.t. try to impress people with one’s
linguistic knowledge boast of one’s culture
[A-PcM}

F j.> Ja'righ adj. free ; not busy at leisure
& ^ unoccupied discharged ; dismissed
(rare) empty fU^uf a'riqh-ul-bal' adj. & adv.
at case free from ca~c in easy circumstances
having no (or no more any) responsibilities to
discharge rfU'f/li farigh-ul-ball n.f. freedom

from care and worries easy circumstances
f d'righ-ul-tahsil' adj. graduate ; having
graduated (from) fdr'kkati, (ped./a'ngh-
khat'ti) n.f. written acquittance deed of

divorce Ua/dFtjl/ f a f ’ khati likh'rtd (or

</f'na) v.t. divorce write a deed of acquit-
tance tf/tflrfa'n$ kar ' m y T .’ s P* re dis *
charge make carefree fy£flifarigb ho'na v.i.

be discharge be free be spared be
carefree [A - £{/ 1 ,

riq n.m. distinctive feature [A~0/]

UpMfar'qalit n . m . Paraclete (as an appellation
( ** . of the Holy Prophet) (A -» G]

I*

fa'rdm.ffir'm n.m. farm [E 1

J> |J fa ram, farm n.m. form lyffjdfa'mn bias' ua
if* v.i. fill up a form fE]

fat moo' I a n.m. formala [E]

e"f a ran adj. foreign J’lcvtifaran fis n.m.
**** foreign office &iS7.\ ijJb' fd’ran aiksd-e f n.f.
foreign txchangeiSf&jbf a'ran sar'vis n.f. foregin
service [E]

1 ‘fa'rooq ADJ. & n.m. (one) distinguishing
U'* between right and wrong (as appellation
of second Orthodox caliph, Hazrat Umar f~

of 3

.• fa'sikh adj. that puts an end (to) ; break-
& w in%jv\ifd'sid adj. (f. & pi., qfsltfi'sidah)
vitiated depraved perverse corrupt
sinister evil (ideas) [A~ rL*]

Ji

Lfasiq n.m. & adj. (pl.^jL Sfissdq)

sin-
ful (person) ; sinner transgressor rake
fa 'sid-o-f d'jir n.m. & adj. sinful and
debauched (person ) f^lifjsitj.'ih n.f. & adj.
sinful (woman) lewd, unchaste loose or
wanton (woman) [A~ ]

*/ ash aDj. revealed ; divulged (of mis-

* take) obvious (of mistake) serious ; gross
egregious V/if\)ftUh’ kar’na v.t. let out, disclose,
reveal or divulge (a secret)(z' t /u fash’ ho’ ns v.i,
be divulged [A]

Ltfimfaiil adj. separating; dividing tfirAfhad'J-e
U ^ fa'sil n.f. dividing line (between) [A ~J^]
i i*fu'silah n.m. distance adj. dividing
**** fa sile par adv. at a disfance (of) dis-
tant far-off asilethjai' kar’na v.i.

traverse (some) distance [A— J***]
t^faril n.m. (pi., l&fuzala) scholar
if l? accomplished person balance ; remain-
der Honours (in) name of oriental titles exam.

ADJ. surplus remaining accomplished

talented scholarly f a ’rjl-t ajal' n.m.
great scholar Jt> t fyfa'z.H~bd'qi n.f, (arch.)
balance Olf'J^if'tffti'zil-bd'qi nikdina v.i. (arch.)
strike the balance&V - (jfi fd'zd ho'na v.i, ex-
ceed ; be MiS’ti fa' ziUbo qi-navis' n.m. (arch.)
accountant more than be scholarly be
accomplished [A

L .fdii’mah adj. weaned (baby) n.f. name
/>r* of Holy Prophet’s youngest daughter ;
fatimah (ftifalimi adj. descendant of Hazrat
Fatimah Fatimid (dynasty) (A]

(TO

449

±k

. n.m. (gram.) subject; nominative

active agent; doer ; maker ; performer
sodomut ; pederast ju ( f'\>fa r ‘il-e haql'qi n.m.
God (as the real performer) fa l il-e rnukh-

tar' n.m. free agent dyfyj*!} fa‘il-o-maf‘oai n.m.
(gram.) subject and object sodomist and his
minion J* 6 fa 1 ' ill adj. active efficient;

effective operative •nominative«^lr^l>/' < j'‘»7*
halal,(f\icJ\rh&‘lat-e fa'‘ili n.f. nominative case
£jf\)-fii‘ili/yat n.f. being in the nominative
case subjectivity agency (A ~ ]

**i*/«V^ adj. (one) having lost (something^
^[A-clSi]

•».• fa'qah n.m. starvation fasting (rare)

poverty ; penury t>jA$fa'qa-z.a’dah adj. star-
ved 5itf a 'qa-za'dagi n.f starvation v/5V t fa'qah

kar'na v.t. go without food ; fast ; have to fast ;
starve VsXSlifa'qah gi’zama v.i. Starve n.m.
have to go without food fa'qa-kash adj. &
n.m. starved or famished (person) (f^ttifd'qa-ka'shi
n.f. starvation f rfqa-mas't adj. cheerful even

in adversity n.m. starveling affecting airs of afflu-
ence fa qa-mas'tt n.f. cheerfulness in ad-

versity a'qoh mar'na v.i, starve; be

famished be penurious IjtlfoJ^fd’qoh ka ma'ra
n.m. & adj. starveling ; famished (person) ;
starved (for so many days [A]
j .•/«/' n.f. prediction omen augury

C/” presage with the help j of some occult, etc.
book (P&'t CikCi^i)Cifn)\S fai dekh'na {or khol'na
or U'na or nikal'na) v.i. foretell. take ait
omen from CljdJtifal’ kfiMlva'na v.t. get predic-
tion thus /(Jb'falygo n.m. soothsayer one
foretelling thus {jh/jlifd'l-t gosh' n.f. omen taken
from words overheard sCIff f al-na' truth n.m. book
of omens JS&s.bi'rl fal’,^J6fal-e bad' n.f. ill
omen JliUfneV fal\ dfjjfal-e nek’ n.t. good
omen [A]

•Ut*fal’loo adj. extra spare surplus
Jr& additional adv. in addition

N M ‘ hemiplegia palsy paralysis
Q/ tjj &Hfalij-ia'dah adj. palsied ;* paralysed
J'iyi^falij-Za'dagi palsy ; paralysis l'X£tifalij
gir'na v.i. Bfc pained ; be paralysed ; be stricken
with paiSl^fis [A]

fal'sah n.m. a kind of small, purple edible
berry al'sa’i Aoj. purple (colour) [P]

/ j • faloo'dah n.m. sieved flummery cold
0}*'" drink prepared from it ; flummery drink

alez' yJ^paUz' N.F. melon field [P]

fam SUF.

complexioned coloured (P)

anoos' n.f. chandelier lampshade
*** Jlrt/jH f a noo's-t kha yal' n.m. lantern pro-
jecting on its shade shadows of pictures revolving
round its flame ; shadow-play lantern (A]

'nab n.m. wedge

fa'ni adj. mortal transitdry (world)

/ >ja"idah n.m. advantage benefit
profit gain use; utility efficacy
Cure ViSHtXVf a"idah Ufha'nd v.i. gain profit

benefit ; reap benefit use ; utilize take
advantage (of) ■‘fftif a'ida-mahd adj. useful

advantageous beneficial profitable ; gainful
efficacious (A]

XjilfayarvM. fire firing g Klyltfa yar ih'jm
fire engine fd’yar banged' n.m. fire

brigade <X/lffa'yarifig n.f. firing [£}

Llj Tfa"iz adj. fixed up ; holding (a job)

^ ''(rare) successful fl^l’ftyfit'iz-ul-maTam' adj.
successful in achieving the object [A~ }}]
"iiiffiq AD J- surpassing excellent (*) tftf
tf&la"iq(-o-) fa'iq adj. surpassingly efficient

t fa'll n.m. file kar’-na v.t. file [K]

. * fa’ be-ha • adv, all right (then) [A then-f

W? Vw> t h+ l »*]

.*•. (or fata n.m. youth young ; man
chivalrous person [A]

\fifattaP n.m. (see under ~C n.f. it)

u A ■

•• fat' tali adj. seductive (eye) [A~ >» ]
i. fata'va, (rare fata'vl) n.m. (pi., of

d&u

•*\ jat'h(co\. fa'tah) n.t. {tv.&ifjtf Itookat' rare.
£/ fdloob') victory conquest (rare)

opening. £$ g fat'b pd'na v.i. conquer obtain

a victory. be victorious ^fo^.h ba
dank a (or naqqa'rah) baja'na v.t. declare
victory with fanfare, beat of victorious drum
JXfat'h-mobd^c/t fat'b-kar’n* v.t. conquor
subdue w ■(jtfal'p.yaN At)j. j victorious
triumphant "($yf?fat'ly-mFtkdi, ^yffat'Pya'bdn.F.

victory trumph success Jr* fat 1 hah m.m.
vowel point frCifattak' N.m. opener (God
as) one who awards victory t,yf Stoop N.F.
extra income (pl. of £ ★) [A]
fitrak' n.m. saddle-straps (P]

Jat'q n.m hernia ; rupture [A’
fjofi’tan n.m. (pl. of

^ •

/J Sfit'mh n.m. (n.f^ji’tan) mischief
^ revolt temptation trial ; tribulation
m kind of scent very naughty person adj .
naughty ; mischievous difLA IjUUtf&fit'nah
u thana (or bar pi! kar'na) v.T. ' ** create distur-
bance raise a hue and cry 'j&iffrfit'na-afigez',
}b4&ftt'na-pardaz' ADJ. & N.M. mischievous
(person) mischief-mong (£)flfSJfit'na-aiige'zi,
<fjbsjit'*a-pardi el n.f. mischief- making iyjyfjf
fU'na-t kk&H'dah n.m. dormant trouble v&r&Xy
so'te fit'rujaga’ka v.T. stir up trouble tf&fit'ni
n.f. (col.) mischief-maker [A] ,

■r •Xfittool)' &\f/fitoohat' n.m. (pl. of £ n.f.

V? *)

p m \faloo’'i (ped. fatoo'lfi) n.f. (arch.) (usu.
0^ sleevelet) waistcoat
~Zfitoor' nji. defect derangement
JJT unsoundness disorder disturbance^^

£ /futoor' bar-pa' kar’na v.T. create distur-
bance raise a hue and cry (j&jy futoo 're ‘aq'l,
X/ ka futoor' n.m. unsoundness of mind

jUloo' riya, £ Jp futoo' rl n.m. & ADJ. (col.)
mischievous person factious person [A]
t.-ifal'va n.m. __ legal opinion judicial

\jJT verdict ft}* fat' va dt'ns V.i. give a

legal opinion give a verdict ftjftfals'va (rare.

fata' vi) n.m. pl. legal opinions verdicts ;
case-law (A] *

jjj fad’tak n.m. wick jy’J/ffati'la-soz n.m,

*!T metallic bowl for wicks ; lamp [A~*p
twist)

jfp fij N.M. foot J^fHf '-bad n.m. football [E]

.•fit adj. fit tight-fitting^" ho'na

i£r 'y.l. fit be suitable ifjpfit kar 'tia v.T.

prepare or adjust so as to fit [E]

> v ‘ 'tar N.m. fitter [E ~ PREC.]

n.f. phaeton [E]

n -m- (^l- ocrb'-A)

N ' F - daybreak dawn morning eCf
S’ &jfoj'r ke vaq't adv. in the morning f
Jaj'r hifaj'r ADV. early in the morning' " so
early [A] ‘ ~

/fijopr N.M. debauchery wickedness
bcrjb’q-o-fujcor' n.m. sinfulness and debau-
.chcry r [Al

» 1 fohi'sjt n.m. obscenity grossgess ; in-
[JT decency foul language d/gf f°V*h bak'na
v.i. abuse ; . use foul • language (fjtf j?foK sk-
kata'rril, (}/^rfoh'sh-go"i n.f. foul language ,
obscenity ^j^fob’sh-navis' n.f. writer of obscene
stuff (f&fafifia'shi n.f. obscene writing
obscenity [AJ

t* "i fahva’ N.M. drift or tenor (of speech),
Of import style ("tf £Lf fahva! -e kalam' n.m.
tenor of speech [A]

• » fakh'r n.m. just pride boast glory ,
S ostentation , pride ; something to be proud
of ; pride (of) tflj&j'fakh'r-e khandan n.m. &
adj. pride of one's family fakh'r sa'majhm
v.T. take pride in I'/yX fakh'r kar'na v.i.
boast (of) ; be proud (of) pride oneself on or
upon £ ‘Jt fakhriy'yah adv. proudly , with just

pride boastfully [A]

I • fids' adj, devoted (to) dying (for)

^ sacrificed (rare) ransomed v/ii fida' kar'na

v.i. devote (something to) sacrifice (one's
life for) i> fida' ho'na v. love passionately
be devoted (to) be a sacrifice (for) ; lay
down one’s life (for) $( afida'i n.m. (person)
hazarding his life (for) pledged devotee
lover (arch.) Assassin*)] fyfida'iyan n.m. pl
pledged devotees jfjifida’iy'yln n.m. pl. (arch.)
Assassins [A] > .

( • fa' dak (usu. Jji&Lba' gh-e fa' dak) n.m. name
OP of a Khyber orchard m Arabia (A]

,y* fid'tri (ped. ft dam) n.m. devoted servant
(jjG (as formula opening subscription to appli-
cation) Yours obediently ; the humble applicant

[P~AW]

•fid' yah n.m. ransom (A ~ Iji]

Hr

l^/ar n.f. splendour pomp [P]

f^far n.m. flight [A]

fj) far n.f. fur (E]

g'jp first' n.m. Euphrates [A]

Jr •farts' ts n.m. sound of swift movement or
vjr flight fyf^LJ/farra'te bkar'na v.i. run fast ;
move at a swift pace ift^/farra'p ka adj. quick ;
swift

• . * fatskh adj. large , spacious ; expansive
\Sf wide ; broad ^fp'/farakh' -chasf m adj.
satisfied ; conxtntzd jsf&Jfarakh -hau' salah adj.
hearted ; magnanimous $*S’&/fatakh-kau‘ salagi
large-heartedness ; magnanimity (f^jpfarakh'

45 i

jP

das'ti n.f. wealth ; easy circumstances
farakh'-dil adj. generous broad-minded
ifjf l/farakh'-di'li n.f. generosity broad
mindedness Jlffara'khi n.f largeness
roominess sopaciousness easy circumstances

[P)

. **firar' n.m. flight ; running away Ijf'y 1/ firar'
J'S ho'na v.i. flee ; run away abscond

ra'h-e firar' ikhliyar' kar'na v.i.
flee make oneself scarce^ a Vi adj.
escaped absconding runaway ; fugitive
n.f. (col.) (same as jJ/n.m. 'iz)( , Atfjl/fira'ri
muj'rim n.m. absconder escaped convict [A]

* j I/arae' n.m. top height suf. exalted

bolding high rfjl/fara'zl suf. exaltation

[A]

.. • j * fira'sat n.f. sagacity shrewdness dis-

. )/ cernment perspicacity intuition (A)

i^.'farasb' n.m. beddingtj'2 t^L^sahib(-e) fir ash
/ adj. bed-ridden n.m. ill [A doubiet ofif}\
‘Zil/arrash' n.m. (arch.) carpet spreader

i/ / (arch.) tent-pitcher serva.nl ZLrf'Sf far rash" -

khanah n.m. servant’s room (f'JSJarrashi adj.
(arch.) (of fan) pulled by a servant tjttf'j, }
farrashl pafi'kha n.m. ceiling fan large

hand fan (A - (Vj)

^A^nfarish’-bin n.f. French beans [E]

^)*/aragh' n.n. leisure

\Jy worries [A]

*Jp.*faraghal N.F. leisure respite easy

circumstances (icj&fara ghat pn'na v.t.
be free (from) have leisure Offe^S^/fara 'fiat
ye batik' na v.t. sit at case be free from
worries tyizPjffara'fifiat ho'na v.i. have leisure
be free [A]

**. !yba^' n.m. separation e^Jtjjfifirctq'-za dah adj.
(✓X separated from one’s sweetheart (A ~ Jj/)
n.m. frock (EJ

A, . • far&mosh' adj . forgotten neglected

fj /]/ ignored Miff}} far amosh'-kar n.m. &

adj. forgetful person (one) ignoring others
rf'ftyfaramo'M n.f. forgetfulness oblivion

[A]

^faran&n' n.m. (pl. of c

freedom from

c&.
t sz\>

u _ •fraM'yi n f French n.m Frenchman
•• / adj. French [F Francaise]

1 i * fir o' Bah adj. ample abundani
(J 7/ plenty copious^^/i'aca'ei n f
plenty abundance |PJ

s' “far a' ham adj. collected , gathered ,

fly obtained L’fffy fara'ham kar'na v.i
obtain supply manage (ft 1/ fara'hami n.f

collecting ; gathering obtaining (P - //
before^ together]

‘fara'iz n.m. pl. duties obligations
Uy inheritance shares (aJsocTjy^
'il'm-bl-farti'iz) inheritance \&w(ff(j^'/fara"iz-t
mansabl n.m. official duties jJpjJJ^huqoo' q-o-
fara"iz n.m. pl. rights and duties tS‘ >, /fara"izi
n.m. name of anti-British Bengali Muslim move-
ment of early days [A ~ fdy ]

‘far' bah adj. fat ; corpulent , plump^*b»j>
fy far' ba-afid am' adj. fat , corpulent; plump jty
far'bahi n.f. fatness ; corpulence flesh [P]
~J[\fartt>ot' adj. very old ; decrepit £*J r-e
fartoot' n.m. decrepit old man [P]

- ',/dr'j k.f. (rare) ease (col. fur'j) vagina

0/[A]

/* Iforjsm' n.m. end . consequenc
f ffy far jam' adj. something with happy conse-
quence [P]

_ • fa rah n.f. cheerfulness joy . happi-
Wy nessOl'/farhah' adj. glad ; happy
cheerful/!^; jbCyha dati-o-farhah adj. happy and
cheerful [A]

i -jp far' hat n.m. pleasure delight cheer*
f fulness ; amusement ; recreation ; diversion
V^Sfar'bat-afza’ adj. pleasant delight-
ful enu:rtainingf&'&?far'hat-atjam' adj.
with a cheerful ending jfcir/far'hal bakh'dt adj
pleasant refreshing [A ~ £/]

Z ‘.ftir'rukh adj. auspicious [P~ j+G'}

0 /

• • farkhaii'dah (ped. farkhUh' dah) adj. auspi-
•&/ cious cZ^oXrJfarkhafi'da-baUtt' adj. Iticky .
fortunate [P]

\fnr'd n.m (Pl .jl/lafrad') individual
'/ coupler n.f. sheet , list , roll ; register
outer fold of quiet adj. one single
incomparable />/ far' dan far' dan ADV. one

by one individual y^fffat'd-t botyar n y.

human being Suiyfar'd-e baqtyai' n.f. (arch )
balance sheet .tti/fai’i-t jur'm N.M. charge-sheet
far’d-e jUr'm ‘a"td kat'no v.T. charge
sheet j am ' baii'di n.f. rent roll (of

\ajid)j)jpfor'd far d adv separate (A)

I \ far' da n.m tomorrow doomsday

yfarda-e qiyamal n.m day of rrsut-
Tcritonjiifyfarda o-di n.m yesterday and
tomorrow future and past fP)

452

1^ 1 0 ** AOV - (•** under^N.H. *)

^ *jjktims ' n.m. (n.. (j^/Jjaradts ) paradise
.. \l/tr) firdau's-e geth' n.m. & adj. enrap-
turing sound ([X&7i) A&ifjiijirda-AS' -maka'ni (or

A»J. ‘he late (A)

» jriJbWooA adj. & n.m.£ (n,.cflFIJ//>^a’*
nags*} wise (person) (Jtjjfarzs'nagl n.f.
wisdom (P)

n.m. son (rare) child; offspring
Jarzat’d-e raApd' n.m. dutiful son
wi^l ‘Xjjfarzah'd-* ns-kha'laj n.m. undutifui son
(iijjf Jarzat’di n.f. filial relations StJ/'S
fargat'dl met lens v.t. accept as son-in-law [P]
^jtj^jat'tik n.f. (at chess) queen [P]

P* fa'tas n.m. (w.iSt^afras' l J']}faTooi')

U/ horse marc (at chess) knight [A]
i 1 far si' SUF. chafing rubbing wear-
y ing away Jlsjfarsa'’i suf. rubbing
wearing away

t«+Jinsta‘dah n.m. 9l ad], (one) sent (by)
envoy (of) ; messenger (of) [¥~c)>C>/
t adj. first^i t Jrpjars ' j-ei' n.f. first
QfcjjjtSffars t ' dm 'zan n.f. first division
</j &»'/Jau't War', n.m. first class [E]

V i]ur'sakh,sJ>/JaTsatg' n.m. league

C/S para sang [P]

.IJafisaa'dah adj. outmoded trite

tXfs T '•i<mrout ( f}ypfarso°'dagi n.f. being
worn-out . being outmoded triteness

depreciation (of machinery raj a t-e

Jarsoodagl n.m. pl. depreciation charges [P~
td)y}\ i

<*,*far’ib (PL.iSj/Juroosh) n.m. floor pave-
kJ/ nient carpet ; mat bedd i ng ^

Jar'rg bif^kd'na (or kar'na) v . i . carpei^i; O/l j/
Jar' A bans' ns (or lagans) v.t. pave (J>i ) U* /}
ban' ns (or lag' ns) y. t. paved jryjjfar'sh
Jutoosk' n.m carpettingtf^/ar'jhi adj. pedestal
(htmp, fitn, etc.) \ovr flf'^far M salam'
n.m. low bow [A] u

*g.*Jhish tah n.m. (vh.d&$JiTish lagan) angel
C/^iZgJirish'ta-khas’lat 'C^'^firishla-si' rat,
C\i*£rjjirish' la-si' fat adj. angelic virtuous

C / l i i’ ,e * kha’bar na ho’na ph.
(of someone) be totally unaware
Jnith'tot ke par' jal'na ph. (of place, etc.) he inac-
cessible %lf>ag£firish' te dikt/'i dt'ns VI

frim'te na' tars' ns ph. find one’s death approach-
ing fP]

^ .*/Sr'raf n.f. leisure opare time

upponunityl>^»/iir'fa/ ps'ns v.i. find

• f*jjdr(i-'mdi adj. & n.m.^ (pt,.tllKl>^/ar«’-
nags t) wise (person) fans’ nagl n.f.

wisdom (P)

.••\fareatd' n.m. son (rare) child; offspring

Y i H'

i/S pat

league

the opportunity (to) have time (for) have
\e\%\irt(l^)i>V>f/jur'sat miina (or ho'na) v.i.
have a respite have some leisure get an
opportunity (to) fA]

%*/ar'^ n.m. duty obligation responsi-
Jy bility supposition li/V^/ar'.; ads' kar'na
v.i. do (one’s) duty Jfj^far' z-e ‘ ain ' n.m. strict
obligation adj. obligatory v/J*tfar'z kar'na v.

suppose speak hypothetically assume
presume ; take for granted make (something)
obligatory (for) far' z ka'ro ph. suppose

hypothetically. speakingxU^i/ar'^-e kifa’yah n.m.
general Obligation whose performance by an
adequate number absolves all ; adequate obliga
tion J\f cfyba-far'z-e mokal' adv. if worst come
to worst l/Jfy jar'z ho’ ns v.i. be^obligatory (for)"
j^ibil-far'z adv. supposing Ofjar'zan adv
( arch.) granting supposing J*j>far'zi adj.

assumed fictitious supposed # hypo-
thetical insubstantial unreal ( t'(//>far'zi

asm n.m. pseudonym ; assumed name ; fictitious
name [A]

, Ifar’t n.f. abundance ; excess : cepth*^K^>
V far't-e sMauq" n.f. great longing depth
of passion &/j/far't-e mahab'bal n.f.- great
affection excessive love [A)

d \S aT " N * F - (pl. £,J/furoo‘‘) bough
Cy branch ramification ; subsidiary develop-
ment t'/jirfas'l-o-far" n.f. root and branch [A]
•fir'aun- (pv.S'lyfara’inak) n.m. pharoah
Of/ arrogant person ^lUZ-^f/fi/aun-e be-
ssmari n m. one proud despite povert
fi/auni/yat n.f. overweennig pride [A~Egyp.]
^jfpfar’gbul n.m. quilted cloak [P]

• ’Jar' Jar adj. fluently CJf/far'Jar parfns v.i.
SS read fluently

• • far'tari n.f. (esp. unmarried) women’s cam
0/S (parliculary by the addition of J'a. fop or fi
to every syllable of ordinary speech;

*1 1 jar' q n.m. difference distinction dis-

Us tance intervening space change

estrangement deterioration parting of the
hair brow forehead ClflO/far'q a ja'na v.i.
undergo a change deteriorate be estranged
(^^^.jvftj'pjar'q aai (or par' nit) v.i. show a
differenre (of) undergo change be estrang-
ed t '/jj/far q kar'na v.i. differentiate

show partially O&O/far'q nikal'na v.t. show
a difference remove a difference
di'lot met far'q a'na FH be estranged (A]

00 0 ' «a • ]

^ fi'raq n.m. (PL. of J/it)

.f Ijutrqan' n.m. the Holy Quran (as' dis-
(✓'v tinguishing truth from falsehood (rare)
such distinction [A ~ Qy\

J\* ftir’qat^ N.F. separation > »jC^/f6r’qat-za'dah,
*"^r-tjlifeSpfUr'qat ks mar a adj. (of lover)
afflicted with separation (A]

A— I farqad'an tcffifarqodnin' N.M. name of two
brilliant stars near the pole-stars [A]
jir'qah h.m. (pl. 0) fi'raq) secufjf'fyfir’qa-
bah'di n.f. organization into various sects
c^iyfir' qa-parast' n.m. sectarian com-
‘munalist adj. sectarian communalistic
fir' qa-parasfa'nah adj. sectarian
communal fr/i) fir'qa-parasli n.f. sectaria-

nism communalism [A]

Z.'farlsfig' n.f. furlong [Ej

jyar'lo N,F ' furlough [E]

>. \far'm n.m. & adj. firm (EJ

*/

r • farms suf. (one) who says, does or orders
!#/^ something '(fVyfarma’t suf. saying, doing or
ordering something (P ~ eb /}]

^^far'ma.yy far'mah n.m. forme (E]

. • farman n.m. edict command
(f/y charter J^lyfar'maft-bar-ddr' adj. obe-
dient dutiful Jjl^lyfar’msft-bar-da'ri n.f.
obedience Sjcjly far' mail pa$r' adj. obedience
tSS . ^ (Jlyfar’mafi-pazi'ri n.f. obedience
far'msfi-rava n.m. sovereign foyty far' Mafi-
rava’i n.f. sovereignty ; suzerainty [P . ~
mi \farma'na v.i. (of superior) say v.t. order ;

* y command [~Pcbj£jl
A j. * farms’ ‘ish n.f. request or order (far
U 'y something) a kind of buttered pen-
gake v/ifj’fifpi.yfama'ish poo’ri kar’na v.i.
supply (someone’s) order present (something)
requested (by someone) b’/iy^farma ;, ish kar'na
v.t. place an order (with) make', request
(for a present from) {jrkj>fatma"ii M adj.
request ; requested as ordered strong ;
vigorous farms" isht par' ns (or kka’naf

v.i. have a good hiding get a sound shoe
beating farms" is± >1 qaih'qahqh n.m.

horse laugh loud laugh iP~'2ba$£] /.

fi^lfarafit' n.f. front opposed (to)v(U^«^
{m * r / farahx ho’ ja’ ns v.i. become inimicai to (EJ
s^ifaraft'iiyar. n.m. fiontkrffi^iyfarah'pya r
md KM. Frontier Mai) (EJ

% * far ai itch ADJ French ^-j/^ffaraitick lost
n.m. egg-soaked toast ; French toast (E]
jf’faravg ^Cy far ait' gist an n.m. the West
fc "y' Western countries (fiy farab'gi n.m. &
adj. Weternized (person) European ( - £
Frank]

*i \fir'm t (fyifm'ni N.F. hasty pudding asjtij/
w/ fir' m Jaloo' dah tk' hka"o na'faM
ho'ta prov. everything has a value of its own [P]
y^f ami! char n.m. furniture (E)

• fir o' adj. put out ; extinguished adv. low
2/ below down tfifi}firo'~tari adj. humble ;
lowly tfjfyfiro'-la'ni n.f. humility ; lowliness
firo' kar'na v.t. extinguished curb; quell

firo' -hash ho' ns v.i. stay put up (at

or with) iZ^I^Jyfiro'-guzarhC n.f. omission
sin of omission Vjizs , $/firo -guzssht' kar'na
•v.i. be guilty "'bf an omission Wy firo' -man dah
adj . weak helpless weary , tired ;
fatigued Jj. by firo'-malfdagi n.f. weakness

helplessness weariness : fatigue *fi*/firo'-ms\ yah
ADJ. mean; object poor J^iyjiro'-mzfysgl
n.f. meanness poverty \!y t iy firo' ho'»& v.i.

be put out ; be extinguished be curled ; be
quelled [A] i

^Pjj sfar'vai adv. at a gallop

L ^Zfirokf}'t n.f. sale; disposal vXzfyfirokh't
“'•V kar'na v.t. sell ; dispose of firokh’ t
sh'idah adj. sold ; disposed of* sSy>j£?khari'd-o-
firokh’t n.f. (see under (P ~

1 fitod! adv. (rare.) down ; beneath prep.
'alighting soujouming ,if»yfirod'-gah

n.f. camping ground rest house [p]
jy *fgr'varditi n.m. first month of Persian
calendar (P)

^yar’vati n.m. February [E]

• yf2roz',j*/(afroi' sur. illuminating UVy
J *s fUro'zsh adj. lit ; lighted refulgent

sj iJfyfurozih'dah, jt.M. one who illuminates [P~

!y * firosh' selling seller ; vendor
U yfirodnn'dah adj. seller ; vendor (fy/fin'M
SUF. selling [P

fy\furoo'‘ n.m. pl. off-shoots j branches
C/y ramification subsidiary developments
minor points (rare) distant relatives practi-
cal tenets J's/furoo' l i adj. minor subsidiary
extra ; additional (A-o simo. fay)

tr . ? f&rojfif n.m. rise to fame or power
honour popularity prosperity
'glory ; splendour (K/^rtjCi^fgrogh' pa’na (or
ka'sil kar'na) V.i. thrive; prosper fame or
power become popular achieve, glory [P]
fi ifarhaft/f n.f. dictionary glossary ;
vocabulary ; meanings and explanations
wisdom [P]

| \ faryad' n.f. crying out for assistance
iv complaint plaint petition UjjlJ

I’lfiza, \"J\ a S&' SUF - increasing; reinforcing

V [P

&\fa'za l cry lor helps . bewailing (rare)
L/f fear [A]

Q » Ifizooh' jjyj I af'zooh adj. more increase
jl az adj. more than (P

I \ fasad' n.m. disturbance ; trouble out-
^ break rebellion dissension mischief
brawl ; melee tumult disorder ; upset-

" . , * . . . . . , • I » * V * , ‘*“* fc '** w *'* wi ,

complaint plamt petition ifjA/ I ting fasad' bar-fa' kar'na v.t. create

faryad' -r as n.m. & adj. (one) who redresses
grievances (rfjlyfaryad'-ra'.i n.f. redress
faryad' kar'na v.i. cry out for assistance
complain sue ; file a suit (against) farya'di
n.m. plaintiff complaining

• forth' (ped.^S/fireb') n.m. fraud
Cgj^ cheating ; deceit ; deception, seduction
suf. captivating deluding Jf^jf are' b-amez
adj. cunning ; decxitM^j/i^yfartb'-khiir'dah
adj.' gulled ; duped defrauded ; swindled
bcgui\edtf‘» T S/fartb'-de’hi n.f. .swindling
cheating ; defrauding . beguiling
(ko) fareh' dt'na, Uj\ (£&-)(se) jareb'korna
v ; T. .- cheat ; deceive defraud dupe
swindle l(/(ka) fareb kha'nS,

( ke ) fartb’ nub a'na v.i. be cheated (by)
be deceived (by) be beguiled (by) ;
lie deluded (by) be seduced (by) t££yfartbift'dah
n.m. deceiver (f&fare'bi n.m. cheat fraud
fraudulent [P]

/ \ farid' ADJ. singular ; peerless •S/fan'dak
«/ adj. matchless n.m. matchless pearl [A ~j}]

& fari'zah n.m. ( n..(/ > j/fara"iz ) obligation
duty obligatory prayer Vyljl^Jfari'zah
add’ kar'na v.i. do one’s duty offer obli-
gatory prayer perform (Haj. etc.) obligation
A~ J/}

„ • , ♦ faref’tah adj. infatuated (with) fasci-

nated (by) n.m. lover l'Jzi>jfaref'lah' kar'na
v.t. infatuate fascinate I'j^ZJ^pfaref'tah
ho'na v.i. infatuated (with) ; fall in love
(with) be fascinated (by) J&jfaref'tagi n.f.
infatuation (P

**, l/ari?' n.m. party to a lawsuit section
Us (of class). division Jjlijy fari'q-e av'val

N.m. first party ; principal party plaintiff
W'D^fari'q-esa’rii n.m. opposite party
dc{ci\&aniyjz}fanqain' n.m. both parties
dir two parties to a lawsuit ; plaintiff and
defendant {A ~ (jj>]

J a farm' n.m. frame ^^./faretn-sjni'dah adj.

| "s framed ; mounted on a frame v/(i/fonm'
kar'na v.t. frame t '| P J* tfj f rrem ' mefl laga'nav.T.
frame [E]

disturbance fasad' utkd'nd (or
kar'na or madfia'na ) v.t. raise a tumult
create trouble t?J>Ofasadki jar n.f.‘ bone

of contention one lying at the root of all
trouble mischief-mongeq£>U»/a,ra'rfi adj.
mischievous tumultous factious-N.M. mis-
chief-monger tumultous (person) [A]

<f \foah' , jl>i afsafi' fisah n.m.
JU* whetstone [PJ

. . *. fasa'nah n.m. (same asxU*/N.M. 1r)

'Jy fas'kh n.m. cancellation (of programme)
£/ giving up (of idea) annulment (of
marriage, etc.) breaking off l'S£?fas'kh
kar'na v.t. cancel annul give up
break off [A] ,, %

y IfisUr'dah sDj.Jf^fisur'dagi n.f. (sec under

' ADJ. *) s

'hkJ f asta " f H M - fox-isfTTtfiSfasta'ijyat n.f.
fascism [E~It]

••Xfis'q, Jjr^fasooq' n.m. disobedience sin-
U> fulness debauchery
n.m. sinfulness and impiety [A]
zf \fusooh\(jy%afsoeti' n.m. spell incarita-
tion sorcery ; black art ; magicJt/^jt^j(/«jooft'-
saz,jjy>fusoofi'-gar n.m. ravisher ; enchanter
magician ; sorcerer ; charming ; ravishing
ljfyjZ?fusoo1t-sa 'zi,(fJljr > ftisoofi'-gari n.f. en-
chantment [P]

•^jish int. bo$h ; trash [otto.]

iXlfashar' n.m. pressure squeezing

fasha' r-tid-dam' , jjl&fasha'r-e khoon' n.m,
blood pressure [P]

A ifishnn’ SUF. diffusing strewing. spit-

U*’ ting (fire) shedding tears 'j&jisha'ni
suf. diffusing strewing spreading
shedding [P~ ^>1?]

Zifashur'dak n.m. Juice. (of) ADJ. pressed
squeezed aff^faskir'da-t atgoar’ n.m.
wine . \

(jV?”. fas a' bat n.f. eloquence £r fasti' a»j.

A)

456

•'J faq adj. (of colour from face) lost Clfjf

ratig' Jaq' hoja’na'vA. turn pale do so
owing to guilty conscience
&£- faqa'hal n.f juridical 'acumen [A -doublet

A t .‘fuqdan' (or Jiqdari) N.M. lack (of) , want

Cltf^(of) loss (of) [A]
m »\faq'r n.m. poverty*; penury ; indigence

A mendicancy; mendicity piety 5$ ^faq'r-o-
fa’qah n.m. poverty and hunger straitened
circumstances i^fi>fuqara\ n.m. (pl. of ■*) [A]
(T&Jiq'rah n.m. (pl .Ctftfiqarat’) sentence ;

•period (rare) passage; paragraph witticism
witty remark deception ; glib talk vertebra
Jiq’ra-baz' adj. & n.m. trickster witty
(person) ftq'ra-ba'zi N.F. decep-

ghar n a v.i. indulge in witticisms pass witty
remarks l'l(j£(Jjft(£{ke) fiq'roh mdt ana v.i. be
duped by [A]

n.m. end ; finis adv. just ; only ;
merely [A]

yjfifq'k (col. fi'qah ) Islamic law (rare)

understand ing^Jyfusool'l-e fiq'k n.m. pl. Islamic
jurisprudence J&jaqlh' n.m. (pl. & fuqaha)
Muslim jurist [A]

t*lfaqtd' adj. missing lost absent
Aj J&luifaqi'a '■v.l-mis d/' adj. unparallelled ;
unprccedent [A ~ yfiut]

~\J'aqir’ n.m. (pl. \J»fuqara’) beggar
./JT mendicant calendar dervish fakir
saint poor man pauper poor ; penniless
indigent: penurious lifPfaqiranah beggarly
poor unpretentions adv. like a beggar ifjjd
fiqlr’ni v.t, beggar-maid beggar woman
(J^faqi’ri n.f. poverty ; penury ; indigence
mendicity begging (as a trade) . saintli-
ness adj. poor beggarly [A ~ /*]
^j^faqih’ n.m. (see under ^n.f. 4c)

*• .

/Cfak n.m. dropping or omission (of vowel-
Udl point) redemption^U'iL^/aA'i-e igafat
n.m. omission (of sign of genitive) 1^4^/flM-fir-
raih'n.d^t^fak’k-e raib'n n.m. redemption of
mortgage [A]

CZf l /»fUkahai' n.f. titbits jokes (A -sing.

/•fik'r n.m. (dial. F. pl. j\ O'lafkar') worry ;

S* anxiety thought ; thinking idea
imagination t JJfJ* ’r kar'na v.i. be worried
be anxious (about) : be concerned (over)

think (upon) provide (for or against) do
some .inking bring one’s imagination into
play for composing (verse) jt/Jijik' r-mahd' adj.

worried anxious thoughtful ifXsjZ'fik'f*
mah'di n.f. worry anxiety thoughtful,
ness ma'a'sf} N.F^concemed for earn*

ing one’s livelihood l '■* j 0?J*fik' r mefi raih'nti, v.T.
& 1 . be worried be thinking of be
after [A]

tfcfigar' adj. sore : wounded ; lacerated suf.
wounded ; lacerated l p ]

n.f. success victory prosperity
w/ jsf'jC'V* fala'fro-behbood ' n.f. welfare and
prosperity [A]

_U^/a//aA' n.m. cultivator ; tiller ; peasant
U fellah Jala hat n.f. cultivation [A]

^J^f ala khan n.m. sling ; catapult [P]

n.m. philosopher [E)

* . •jala'sifah N.M. (PL. of<^"*V)

^^£/?/ar'/t n.f. philosophy [E]

/•Jalakat h.f. adversity misfortune
Cslrmistiy ejjjztyfalakat-za'dah adj. un-
lucky ; unfortunate miserable ; wretched adv.
in adverse circumstances

lalain n.f. flannel [E]

•fulah' n.m. so-and-so adj. such (person or
thing) jj)i failin' n.m. (as swear word) male
or female sexual organ ('jtf/fi/a'na adj. & n.m.
(f. yUJ/B/a'n» so-andso such (person) [A]
fil'tar n.m. filter [E]

4 /l/ifie'.N.F. metal^fib/ffojat' n.f. pl. metals
'iSWfilizZa ti. adj. metallic (currency) [A]
Jfifal’s, n.m. (pl. f/pfuloos’) pice scale
\J (of fish) [A]

• iLfal'sqfah n.m. philosophy wisdom
/^^‘raison d'etr e'tf^faTsdft n.m. (pl.-a-ID

Jala'sifah) philosopher wise man
falsafiya' nah adj. philosophical [A~G]
n.f. pepper [A]

/•fa'lak n.m. (pl. Jyilajlak') sky ; the

L^ir heaven ; firmament sphere (of moon,
etc.) fate fa' lak-ul-o flak' n.m. the

empyrean /jim/pfa'lak-bos' adj. sky-high

tfa'lak-bos ' ‘ ima'rdt ’ n.f. very tall structure
sky-scrape l# iyf- /*/!»' (ke, fa'lak ko tool-
bar na ho' ria v be totally unaware of <r fa'laki

adj. heavenly celestial [A]

& fil'm n.m. (dial, f.) film JPfil'ffi adj film (E

' ^,j^fuloos' u u. money (pl, of [A]

.. ^ falx' tab n.m wick fuse or match (of

(gun) jail' la-d & adj. matchlock (gun)
(C&tyOjJjifati' lah de’na for dxkha'na) v.t. ignite
f~A ^corr.) -

"i fam n.m. mouth opening orifice Wf
| Ja'm-e me" dah n.f. orifice of stomach [A)

1/an n.m. ^J^/Snoon') art skill art (of)

( y craft jjfunoo'n-e lati'fah n.m. pl. fine
arts j&fan'kar' n.m artist ^^ffan-karnnah ad|.
artistic (Jj&fan-ka'ri n.f art tffan'ni adj.
teachical [AJ

i ••Jana n.f. death mortality destruction
le 3 squandering y'/.Cifana -pazir' adj.
mortal perishable (ffyjjjar.a'-pazi'ri mor-
tality being perishable JZn.fttfjana fil'lah adj.
contemplation at one with God dead
Jana' kar’tla v.t. annihilaief'b^^/ans’ ho
ja'na v.i die perish JA]

Y . • firmin' n.m finance^PO/nar/'jfca/ adj. finan-
ce l>cial [EJ

..•Jjtf’jan' n f tea-cup ; cup [A]

dr

jgfahd N il trick deceit [P]

.*2 •Ifuti'diiq n.f, filbert ; hazel-nut (fig.)
■~*'stained finger or toe (of one’s sweet-
heart) [AJ

^pjafid n m fund [E]

^jyfi'nai nf (same as ★)

£funoon n.m. pl fan'm adj. (see undercAfc)

^‘jf'ljava'hish n.m. pl. immodesties
C/7^' obvious sins [A ~SING.^'(>1
llfo'ad' N.M. (PL. e£jiof’idah) heart (AJ.

»* . . > •
. *favva'rah n.m. fountain jet »j\)

OJ'J favva'rah chhoot'na v.i. sp>out (of

fountain) play [A ~ ]

^jjfavakeh n.m pl fruits [A -sing, J

j^^XIav a"id n.m. (pl. of tjiiit)

fauls.T. . loss (of) omission adj.
G# dead lost CtyCsjfaul ho ja'na die :

pass away be lost ft jfou'tr adj. (arch.) dead:
deceased fara'r^ adj. (arch.) dead
or absconded killed or missing £tsjfauti'dn0

n.f. pcd.) death [ AJ

y.fo’w,Ci!f/jfo'iograf n.m (photograph]
j \Jjj fo'w-garn jar n.m photographer^ji^
fo'to-gara'fi n.f. photography [E]

-•fauj n.f. (pl. pjiafvaj'} army crowd
CA* (of) host (of) fauj' bkar'ti kar'n a

v.t. levy axmyjlufj fauj'-dar n.m. (arch.) district
military commandant tfjljfJfauj-da'n adj. crimi-
nal (side, etc.) n.f. criminal criminal case
tfjU?)C t }0 t ada'lal-e fauj-dari N.F. criminal court
ftrf&jfauj'ka'shi n.f. invasion ; inroad ; incursion
\;/ ( £ , £ > }fmj'-ka!i]n kar'na v.t. march an army
(against) attack ; -invade &){$/. bah' r\ fauj n.f.
army &J( J IJ’jijft&'Jazd't (or hava" i) fauj n.f.
air force (f/fauji adj military n.m. soldier [A]

1 faur n.m. hurry ; haste ; celerity ; agility
^ (only as) 'jjjfau'ran or. jji> { $jil-jaur' adv.
at once ; immediately ; instantly without
delay directly ; straightaway fA]

•^jfauz n.f. success victory [AJ

, * /o'/oA n.m (pl.) scrotum testicle (arch )
purse (arch.) treasure *(rj>/ fo'fa-kha’nah
n.m. treasure; treasury jbJ>)fo'ta-dar' n m
( arch.) cashier ; treasurer revenue collector
(fjPJrjJo'ta-da'ri n f (arch.) treasureship
revenue collector’s office [*) „ .

’Zlfauq adv. & prep above J^Jjfau' q-ul-ha shar
U* n.m. superman fau’ q-Ul-bha' rak adj.

glitteri ng tawd ry C/j {/J(j)fau ' q~uU' a da i

adj. supernatural unusual ; extraordinary
J)Lma-fauq' pref. above fttijfauqa'ni adj.
upper ; superier supra-dotted (letter of the
alphabet) cJjfauqiy'yaL n.f. supremacy

heremonv superiority pre-eminence
excellence Vtbc^Jfauqi/yat chah'rta v.t. strive
to exbell * want to have supremacy
fauqiy'yat le ja'na v.i. excel supercade [A]

.•faulad' (rare.sjfjj'poladj n.m steel
)»* faula'di adj 'steel strong or iron

(man) [P]

^Jjfooh' nf. hiss (of snake) [ono.)

•• 1 ( rafe peC ^* hfjf*) 1 ***) N F. list

^■'VT catalogue table (of contentslyj^ifc^j
fehris' t-e-maza' nun n.f. contents ; table of con-
tents [AJ

faih'm (ped. fah'm) n.m. understanding
( perception, comprehension sense

intelligence f°ji ' m-o-da'meh N.f intelli-

gence and wisdom Sf* fnhim' n.m. & adj intellj*
gent (person) [AJ

twq bow-lengths quite close fA]

\)f"qa'biz n.m. possessor occupant posses-
U“ *sing holding seizing asungent [A

Lfqa'bil adj. able capable qualified
UP competent worthy deserving worth
-able ffljtyitqa' bil-e ad a'' igi adj payable^lc!^
qa'bil-e e‘libar' adj. trustworthy credible ;
believeable^^/p^li^a'iii-c eHiraz adj. objection-
able J&tJlIf qa'bil-e inliqal' adj. transferable
*? nutable (b'jt}i\stf\Sqa'bil banana (or kar'na)
v.t. * make competent enable Q/iffiqabil-e
pazira'i adj. admissible qa'bil-e ta‘rif

adj. praiseworthy 'bil-e das't-

ahda'zi-e ( pulls ' ) adj. corignizable (offence) jytf.b
qa'bil-e saza adj. punishable CSrfJJtqa' bil-e
zamanat adj. bailable qa'bil-e ghaut' adj.
worthy-considering Cfi/Jffqa' bil-e farokh’t adj
salable JU tfjltqa' bil-e mo'a'ff adj. pardonable
*j Wfjiy qa 'bil-e, mo l a.'hh.azah adj. falling under
judicial notice; Culpable <Js*jJfJI>qa bil-e vusool'
adj. recoverable I'j-jfqa'bil ho'ns v.t. be
competent be capable (of) ; be able (to)
be fit {forf&Sbqabitiy'yat n.f. ability capa-
bility qualification competence capacity
accomplishment fitness worth [A]

. I f'qa'bilah n.f. midwife adj. capable (woman)

rqa'boo N.m. control hold
sPqa'boo pa'na (or chal'na) v.t. control
bring under control keep (someone) under
someone’s thumb CJj(jijJsqaboo mefi rakk'na v.t.

restrain keep under one’s control f
iCibjqa'boo men kar'na (or le'ns) v.t. bring
under one’s control subdue restrain $J\>
qaboo'cht n.m. good-for nothing fellow mean
person (arch. ) door-keeper ; jointer [T]
Lfqatii n.m. murderer assassin homicide
U" adj. deadly ; fatal" ; mortal (A- J^*]

j gqadir AS>Jt having a command (of)
capable (of) able (to) skilful (in);

skilled (at) k\m. ^Almlghiy yjl^qa'dir-aiidaz'
ad. sure shot (J^j^qa'dir-e mat'laq nj*. omnipo-
tent (as an attribute of God) (A ~ C/jm)

t^qaroo'rah n.m. urine urinal (for
medical examination) (arch.) bottle

CkijiJ&qaroD'rdh mil'na v.t. be in harmony
(with) be of the same temperament be
thick (with) [A]

.a I’qd'ri s.m. (pr ..t/qgna) roaifer of iheHoly
Quran (fUjjfjffqan'in') reader A - *5pf]

* I** qaz n.f, goose rau'ghan-e qSz' inal i

* ^ v.t, coax ; cajole ; wheedle [T)

^jj^qa'ziq n . m . Cossack (T 1

yd^qa'sint N.M,

( ^official [A]
"jTqash n.f. slk

distributor allotting

"qdsh n.f. slice piece (of) I'ftf'bqa sheh

7 kar’na v.t.

cut into pieces [T]

.** qa'sid n.m. messenger courier
>^wenvoy [A~>u&]

.-qa'sir adj. failing (in) deficient (in)
SV unable (to) ; incapable (of) fa's ifqa' sir
ho'rm v.i. be deficient ^in) be unable (to) ;
be incapable (of) [A ~ jyaf ]
jfqa'zi n.m. (pi.. ‘il&quzat') judge; justice
(j v magistrate supplier ; purveyor
qa zil-k&jat' n.m. (God as Purveyor of all
needs (joc.) money ; ptUHJaai^ltqa zil-qizfit'
n.m. Chief Justice (A~
tfrfcqa'fibam adv. entirely (A}

Legate' adj. cutting definite decisive

v rebutting incontrovertible ; irrefut-
able conclusive C/li'tjidbdrha'n-e gate' n.f. _
incontrovertible argument rebuttal [A -
B ."qa‘idah n.m. rule regulation maxim

formula system established
order base (of geometrical figure) (rare)
foundation plinth primer O^’t Wqa'Hdah
bafidh-'na v.t. establish a rule ft; >/t\i'qa' i idah
bana'na v.t. frame a rule [A]

.fra/ n.m. name of letter Caucasus
4 "^(usu.t*| fe/ko’h-e qaf, col. koh' qaf) Caucasus
as legendary abode of fairies Cftfqaf [se]

tii qaf n m. the whole world adv. all over the
world [A~T]

j * Cqafilah n.m. caravan jpisjslfqaftla-safar',
^ Dili's ala r-e qafilah n.m. leader of the
caravan [A]

• rqafiyah n.m. (pi., jljqava’fi) rhyme
f(j iS,L)q#’fiyah-batidl (or paima”i ) n.f.
rhyming’ writing doggerel verse
l'J< % If, qa /iya-bafi'di (or -pama”i) kar'jia v.i."
versify compose doggeitti verse tyL&jlfqa'Siyah
tan' g kar'na V.T. . reduce to straits drive to
the vrallj{L~6" < bliqa'fiyeh tabg' ho'na v.i. be
hard pressed be driven to th'e wall L‘ &’**!*'
qa’Jiyah mila'na v.t. find a rhyme (for)

-fqaq adj. lean ; gaunt n.m. dried meat [A3

faqa'qvm n.m. ermine (A)

460

>v

^^qa'qulah n.m. large cardamom [P'1

ifqal n,m theoretical knowledge lacking inii-
C/ w ma cy of experience (J\sj£qi't-o-qal' n.f.
alteration quibbling [AJ

,T*qa'lab n.m. mould frame (shoe-
maker’s) last centering (of structure)
body 0*<J\>qalab badal'ns v.i, be metamor-
phosed i'J'JloiJloqa lab khali kat’ns v.t die ; give
up the ghost jsn' do qa'lab ph.

hand in glove (with) [A]
it’ya'&n n.m. carpet; woollen
(£• w carpet jftifqali’diah, ^JighsW-
chah n.m. (arch.) small carpet [A]
gyqa'mat n.f. stature £s\)x>'qad'(d)-o-
(j* qa'mat n.m. build and stature _

Ot/jj/idariz qa'mat,£>s&l(JfJ>tainl-il-qa,'mat >°J-

tall [A]

-qamoos' n.m. dictionary (arch.) ocean

£f „qa'nit adj. & hm. (pl .(^floqsnitin' ; F.J'b
qanitah F. P L.OMtqanitat') obedient to God

{ Iqa ' nc * adj. content ; contented [ A ~ iSlS ]

statute

• T’qanoori n.m. law act

{/X ^ordinance (arch.) dulcimer name of

Avicenna’s treatipe; ‘canon’ W<JJ\>q&noon' banana
v.t. legislate C%/£))lfqanoon' par (hal'ria v.i. act
according to the law gj (fqanoon' chah N.M.^name
of medical treatise ; '‘Canon’s Digest ' lidt/fy'jlt
qanoon' ^ihafit'na v.t. (iron pettifogc/UtHylTjanoon'-
din' n.m. lawyer jurist flz^Jliqanoori -d&' nl
n.f. legal acumen juridical knowledge
£) I J> tfjd'qanoo'n-e diva' diva' ni qanoon '
n.m? civil Uwifjiw) (jjlfqanoc'n-e fauj-da'ri, (SjjfJ
(jjlo fauj-da'ri qanoon' n.m. criminal law
qanoon" -go (col. qa'noob-go) n.m. petty revenue
official of second last rank ; Qanoongo *V J ti'
qanoo'nan adv. by law ; according to law
under the rules if)\tqamo'nt adj. legal
statuary lawful legitimate [pjlfqanoo'niya
n.m. (iron.) pettifogger litigous person [A]
fqahir \o]. subduing »rf\jiqa'hirahyM. Cairo
^ adj. (f. or pl.) subduing [A~ yf]
sfqa'id n.m.. leader (arch.) (rare) com:
■Aw rnander y]jo\j‘qa"id-e a‘zam the Great Leader
(as the title of the founder of Pakistan, the late
Muhammad All Jinnah) ; the Quaid-e-Azam
)qs”id-e mil'ldt n.m. the Nation’s leader (as
the title of the Quaid-i- Azam’s chief lieutenant,
the late I.iaqat Ali Khan) ; the Quaid-i-Millat

lf~qa"il adj. convinced (one) conceding
w&point n.m. speaker another (of a saying)
I'/j'lfqa’il kar'na, ma‘qool' kar'na

v.t. convince bring (someone) round to
one’s viewpoint confute (someone) Ixfj'tT
qa"il ho' na v.i. _bc convinced acknowledge
admit [A~ (J)]

%-qa"im adj. firm constant unwaver-
j wing standing established n.m. draw (at
chess) im-biz Z3t' adj, independent

not depending on others for its existence,/!/^'
qa'im-bil-ghair' adj. dependent . depending" on
others for its existence Cpj^\gqa' , im raih'na v.i.
stick (to) stand firm ' keep one’s footing
qa'im kar'na v.t. set up; establish
£ irf^qa’im-mizaj adj. resolute unwaver-
ing maqdm ' ADJ. officiating ^n.m.

viceroy vicegerent successor jff'&'flfqa'ifa-
maqam' ho'na v.t. officiate tffrflfqa'im-maqa'mi,
n.f. officiating period of officiating
qa’im ho'na v.i. be set up ; be established
be firm stand (on) stand firmly 2\>qa"imah
n.m. perpendicular right angle adj. right
(angle) n.f. firmness durability

existencti/ly)iJjf(f&ba-qa''imi-e ho'sh-o havas'
adj.. while in one’s senses deliberately
thoughtfully [A- flJ>]

g **qaba’ n.f. tunic ; jacket quilted coat
adj. tom ; tattered [A]

^-.<~qaba'hat n.f. harm; wrong defect
^‘^•VfdJildFlXqoba'fat lazirri ana v.i. (of harm
lie [A~ȣ] '

-qaba'lah N.M. title deed sale-deed of
/Jwreal estate such certificate (tyl) Cijd%y> qaba'-
lah likhsa'na (or le'na) v.t. & i. become’ pro-
perty owner get a title deed come into
possession (of a property ^ q aba' la- navis '

n.m. deed writer [~A~ Jf]

2' t'lqabal'h n.m. pl. evils bad habits _
sj » ignoble traits of character [A ~ sing.
i N.m. pl. tribes (f Jqabajili adj.

Uz tribal n.m. tribesman - tribal. jWjyqaba'ih
'ila'qah n.m. tribal area ('itijjftiqabaZli nizam'
n.m. tribal system [A ~ sing. / jCf~ fg ]

qab"eJi n.m. (pl. £,C*baba"eh ) . evil bad
& habit deformity ugliness

hUs'n-o qab'h n.m. good and bad points (of)
beauty and ugliness beauty and the
beast [A]

*5 qab'r n.f. (pl.-V <?3Wr')
yf grave tomb

(IjyflJL'O J qab'rbam'na
(or kkod'na) v.i, dig a grave

l-“> S c ? from a very serious
illness me * P a '' oil la } ka ”i

baitk'na v.r. have one foot b the grave
qabris’tnn n m. graveyard 5 burial ground ;
cemetry (A)

•j£qab'z n.m. constipation ; costiveness
(/♦ seizure (of soul) qab-z-Hb-oUsool n.m.

acquittance roll vjjofqab'z kar'na v.T. consti-
pate v/jftfjnoh' qab'z kar'na v.i. seize the
soul (of) : causc-death (to) (A]

,j2qab'zah n.m. possession holding
occupancy handle hilt hinge l
qab'zah Uiha'na v.t. dispossess Hj'ji^J^qab'zdh^
ba-haT- kar'na n.m. reinstate
qab'zch pa’nn (or Wm or ba'sil kar'na) v.t. obtab
legal possession (of) tfj'ljifaifqab'z&h jama'na
(or kar'na) v.t. take possession (of) grab
&Zj qab'zah rakk'ns v.t. keep in possession
hold fast Hit \&m?qab'za-e mUkhalifanak n.m.
adverse possession (, ’JlffiJ.d&iqab'z* par hatk
tlal'tia v.t. be ready to draw the sword £/cC£ ~-
qab'ze men kar'na v.t get hold of have a
firm grasp (of) A '->?]

. 0 qab’l adv. previous (to); before qab'l

v V nv_ Kpfnp^ i /I// AidVl - Pi O/K sjab l IS

he (keh) adv. before (this) ma qab'l adj.
preceding/^ ma qab'l-* b'khtr adj. second last ,
last but one ; penultimate [A]

.Zqib’lah n.m. ‘qiblah’ ; direction b which
Muslims turn b prayer the Holy Ka’aba
venerable person title of respect for elder ;
t\c.t2lfbjfqtb'la-e bajaf N.M. the centre of (one’s)
hopes, jjjfqib'la-roo adj. facing the Holy Ka’aba
Alfj/qib'la-e 'a' lam int. (fig.) your (of his)
majesty U^JJ^qib'Ure kaunain' n.f.- (fig.) father
ttfjjqib'la-gah' n.m. (fig.) father superior
L/ M qtb'la-nSma' n.m. compass ; mariner's com-
pass s*jJjj3qib'{a-o-ka‘'bah adj. & n.m. vener-
able (person int. respected sir [A]
jjpqibm' N.F. (PL. of yf N.F. if)

i~qaba»l' n.m. acceptance consent; con^
currence (public) recognition
qabool'-soo'rat ' adj. good lookbg handsome ;
comely f*bJj>qaboo'le- * am ' n.m. sbdZ^j/jqabooliy
yaUe ‘am'mah n.f. . popularity public recog-
nition >t/(Jjfqabeol' kar'na v,T. accept Oj dqabool'na
v.t. (col.) accept confess ^fj^qaboof ho'na
v.t. be acceptable be accepted ^Jpqaboa'll
n.f. rice boiled with whole gram £+#qabooli/jat
N.f. acceptance (public) recognition

(old use) written agreement [A) ♦

- qub'bah n.m dome cupola %

>f (fig. (tomb (rare) alcove[Al A '/M

Jfqabik' adj. (f. ^fqabi'hah PL. U /

& '£, Oqaba'ik) ugly de-
formed' vile ; base {A- g ] -

ijfqabil' N.M. kind ; sort type ; category <

UJ is'i qebil' ka PH. of the same sort : similar
[A-4*?)

iZqaH'lah n.m (pl. jLfqaba’’il) tribe
clan

efoqitaV n.m. Jliqatta'lah n f- (see under ^
(J^n.M.;*)

‘ffqat'l n.m. murder . assassination killing
(J slaughter execution^lr^^a/V-F ‘ am *
n.m. massacre jfirqat'J-e ‘sm'd n.m wilful
murder , homicide vyij^qat'l kar’na v t. kill
murder ; slay o^y qat'l-gah n.f place of execu-
tion FjffJ^qai'l ho'na v.i. be killed ; be murdered
jijfqital' n.m. fight battle jC>gatta'lah n.f
ravishing beauty Jp* qat'il' adj killed : murdered
n.m. victim [A]

~~qat'lah n.m. cutlet slice piece J~A

PREC.]

^ qah'bah n.f prostitute whore (A]

*Y qaifi't (ped qab'l) n.m. famine
drought leek (of) . dearth of ; scarcity
(of) qah! t-ur-rijal' n.m. dearth of the righi
t’ki? qaih't par'na v.i.. (of area) (of famine)
be (of erea) be struck with famine be in
short supply be very AcaxvjJsr qaUf't-za'dah
adj . famine-stricken J lv j £ qaift' t-sa'^i n.f
famine drought crop-failure^A)

**qad n.m. stature height AlffqacTd-e a'drnn
adj. of man’s stature , as tall as a man jjljS
qad’-a'var adj. tall , of a commanding
stature O&lSqad niknl' na v.i. (of child, etc )
grow ta.\hZs\£ }J $qad'd o-qa'mat n.m. personal
appearance stature build (of person) (A)
y^jj n’qada'mat n.f. oldness ancientness
/-^antiquity priority ^SpSqada'mat-parai’i
adj. conservative traditionalist #*^/
qads' mat-par os' ti conservatism traditiop-

qad a' mat-pasatd' adj. conservative
diehard old fashioned tf^&lSqada'mat
pasatiii n.f. conservatism being told
fashioned [A)

* •‘qa'd'ah n.m. large cup ' bowl wine cup
(rare) empty glass j/f/qa 'datt-kosh,
qa'dah-khpr, Jfcfqa' dak-nosh n.m. & adj drunkard
h$tr&iQ*P' ne qa'dah ki khair' masa’na v.l

462

0 *

Jji

be motivated by self-interest£y£>-i rad' d-e qa'dah
n.m. refusal to drink (A]

~ ••qad'h n.f. ( 'fz,# qad' fa kar'na v.t. cavil at
criticize CJfjJ-’rad'd-o-qad' 6 n.m. heated
argument [A]

** qad'r (rare qa'dar) n.f. (pl .zbSiaqdar') res-

pect ; honour worth value brilliance
[dr sta.r) (1 )ijyjtqad'r-dsn' (or qa'dar-) adj. & n.m.

patron one knowing the worth (of)
true judge one giving due appreciation
qad'r-da'nt n.f. patronage true due
regard (to) qad ' r-sjiinas adj. & n.m.

(one) knowing the worth (of) (one) showing
due regard (to) true judgetf'C'jj&qad'r-shina'si
n.f. appreciation patronge tfjjjst*. Vjjfjjj
Itel'l qad'r kho de'ts hat har roz ka a' na ja'na
prov. too much familiarity breeds contempt
Jj&jifqad'r-e mush'tarak n.f. common value
qad' r-o-mari zilat • f. respect; honour
jji be-qad’r adj. deb; itdlSjJsJ^be-qad’ri, (fjjs l<"
r a-qad’ri n.f lack of appreciation ^J>c/^besh-qad’ri
n.f. appreciation (of money ),jyJl kam- qad’r adj.

depreciated (money) not greatly respected
idjjifkam-qad'ri n.f. depreciation (of money)
being unbonoured [A]

j - qa'dar (rare, qad'r) n.f. lot divine

M decree quantity J WijJqa'dar-afidaz’ n m.

aan ijSifiis'

*c/*kis' qa'
of PREC.]

■ **7 -qad'r at n.f. nature universe divine

■MS power , omnipotence ability or power
(to do) command (of language, etc.) K*jCsjSi
gad' rat rakh'na (or ho' ns) v.t. be able
<>to) wield power (over) have command (of
JjJ> qud’raH adj. natural asbab’

n.m. natural causes of God Jlsjfa'qud' rail

vasa’'il n.f. natural resources [A]

.jZqad’re *dv. a little somewhat r A-

-q M's, (or qu'dUs) n.m. sanctity ; holiness

‘Jerusalem Gdbrit\(f l jjqud'si adj. (f.
or pl. gSjjqid'siyah, (ped. qudsiy'yah ) holy

heavenly ; celestial n.m. (Pc.fjy/^qud'siyan)
angle holy penoniyjH^qudsi-ul asl adj.
heaven-born ; celestia l^j^nufoos-e qudsiy'yah
n.m. pl. sacred persons [A]

y—qad'ghan n.f. _ ban ; prohibition ; forbid-
tJ^ding (rare) urging (.C&iJv/JZqad'Qan
har' ns (or laga'na) v.t , forbid ; pre^ibit

(rare) urge JT)

marksman^// «’ qa'dar adv. so much this
\'dar conj. how much (A doublet

rnuchii'

G

•^qa'dam n.m. (pl. ^Jsiaqdatn) foot foot-_
>i?step ; step pace step ; measure
L 'M qa’dam utha' kar chal'na v t. walk fasttVl^T
qa’dam utba'na v l. make a move take a
step go ahead (with) U»" 1 (j>qa dam uxfl'na v.i
walk moveC^ifirqa'dam u'kharna v i.

(of army) retreat be no longer able to take a
firm stand qa'dam barha na (or

age rakh'na) step forward overstep the
limits OffjtJpo qa'dam ba-qa'dam chal'na v.i.
walk along side follow in (someone’s) foot-
steps jy^Sqa'dam-hos adj. doing obeisance
showing respect ^c/d^Sqa' dam-bos ho'na v.i. show
respect (f'JfjJqa'dam-bo'si n.f, obeisance
respect ; homage I'J'tf'Jpiqa' dam-bo' si kar' na v.t.
show qa'dam bha'ri ho'na v.i. be

ominous qa'dam phoofik phonitk

kar rakhna v.t. move very cautiously Lkgf# qa'dam
ch°°m' na,l'j&fjS qa'dam cjikoo'na , [ ‘/{Ss qa'dant

ko hath.' laga' na v . t . show great respect frost-

rate oneself (before) (l‘jt fjSqci' dam'raii jah
farma'na (or kar'na) take the trouble ofcommg
(*(* qa'dam qa'dam adv. ambling slowly
qa'dam qa'dam par adv. at every step
iVJftyClf qa'dam qa'dam ja'na (or chal'na) v.i.
amble move slowlyl^t^^tT^fia) qa'dam
durmiyari ho'na 1 of someone) have to do with
i£jl)tyojqa'dam dhar'na (or rakh'na ) enter
step on meddle (with) typS qa'dam le'na v
acknowledge the superiority (of) ; show res-
pect (to) ; keep pac eVjL^fqa' dam mar'na v t.

move a pace endeavour O&fio qa'dam
nikal'na vj. train (horse) l&S^jyjtqad'taoii se
lag'na v.i. live under the tutelage of {tvyfsab'z-
qa'dam adj. inauspicious (A]
j~qi'dapi n.m. antiquity ; oldness (AJ
\& •*.

. qUdama' n.m. pl. the ancients (A - sino. //*'

— qa'dapifhah n.m.

footboard

seat on

4 * native commode ; footrest in latrine ( - P
— A]

j »* qlddoos 4 adj. Holy (as attribute of God)

, -quioom' n.m. arrival approach si'fJ'Lv
ftjlqUdoo'm-e mai'manat-liuoom' ph. (polite
word for) coming auspicious arrival (of) [A -

r J l

- qud'vah (or q/uf- or quf -) v.i. model
exemplar (A)

j-qadir' adj. powerful (as an attribute of God)

IPlk-CtsJi)

J ”qadim\ (col. ifjiqadiml) adj. old;

ancient former bygone antiquated
outmoded [ ~ A

j I 1 ? qarabadin n.f. pharmacopoeia ; materia
C^y'/medica [A]

„ —qara'bat n.f. relationship; kinship

qarabat'-dar n.m. relation; relative;
kinship (f jl£.l/qar a' bat-da' rl n.f. relationship;
kinship tf'.ljiqara' bati n.m. relation ; relative adj.
related (to) ; akin (to) (A~<u^]

Ijqars'bah n.m. flagon decanter [A]

V

^^j^qarabin' n.f. carbine [TJ

jf*y ar5r N,u - test tranquillity consis-
•Valency stability firmness agreement
Vljlfqarar' a i'na v.i. be noJonger restless

be set at rest l^jlfqarat' ps’ns v. i. be resolved

be agreed upon be decided be setted
be established be set at rest (of sperm)
settle in ovary; Ijjljqarar'-dad n.f. resolutions^
Vjf (j-£lfq ar ar'-dad pesh ho'r i v.i. (of resolution)
be moved Cf bsj/qarar-dsd mus'tarad ho’na
v.i. of resolution) berejccted^’t’vOv^arar'darf-c
maqs’sid n.f. objectives resolution I'jfjjkfyljjjp
qarar' -dad manzoor' ho’na v.i. (of resolution) be
passed ; be_ carried qarar' de’nz v.t. fix

settle tjjpqarar-e va'qe‘1 adv. truly
•positively fully rightly J A]

^f^qdra' zuh.HM. paring [AJ

J^ra’qar n.m. grumbling (of bowels) [ - A]

^fcqtir’an n.m.

0 'S Scriptures , the Holy Quran
(rare) reader , reading-text i&Jjy
qur'zn utka'na,ljC£i{Ji}'qur'un' par
hath rakk'na^v .1. swear by the Holy

Bo°k*>^#Vsr’a« sharif,

J ~d?)<lu T 'J«n-e karlm' (or -majid’) n.m. the Holy
Quran b'Jlj^JJyqBr' an tiah' da kar’na v.t. bury
or sink tattered leaves of the Holy Quran Ip
LV W'zn' dar'miyan' ho'na v.i. say while swear-
ing by the Holy Quran ( fc TX^kj
qur'an' ka ja'mah pai'han'na (or pai'hari kar a'na)
v.t swear by the Holy Book i^tXsqut'an' ka
hadyah n.m. (euph .Jfoij price of a copy of the
Holy Quran/ (f&Jy qUr'an’ ki mar n.f. & int
curse by the Holy Book qUr'an had' yah

kar'na v.t. (euph. foi) sell a copy of the Holy
Quran (to) [A ~

.i^qiran' n.m. conjunction (of planets) v
Cy* performance of Haj and out-of-season pilgri-
mage in same trip qiran-us-sa' doin' _ n.m.

conjunction of two suspicious planets, viz.,
Jupiter and Venus meeting of two big persona-
lities [A]

/ .~qara'vBl n.m. picket scout ; advanced
O^Jr guard (of army) gun man (fig,)-
avant-guard [A]

.. r qua' at (preferably to be written as C/lJ
(col. but incorrect £>'i/qir''at) n.f. reci-
tation of the Holy Quran (col.) its musical
recitation recension n.m. ic [A]

-’CqSr’rat n.f. coldness (used only
v q&r’ rat-ul-'ain' n.f. comfort for eyes
(fig.) cherished child [A]

3i> qaTd ' in N,M ‘ PL * cire umstantial evidence
conjectures; presumptions [A - sing. Jctj]
•*?Sr'i n.m. nearness proximity p ro -
•X pinquity (fig.) trust ; confidence j/jr; *-y
qur'b-o-javar’ n.m. vicinity environs
ytfCika} qUr’b ha sit kar'na v.t. gain the ‘confi-
dence (of) tyJ*lr*r!S<V}(ka) qitr'b ha'sil ho'na v.i.
be very close to [A]

,.\i) qiTban ' N M> offer i n S ,NT - may I be a sacri-
U>/ fice for you etc. )*Vi/qurban'-gah (or Ifaft-gah')
n.f. alter CLrJfyqurban' ja'tta v.t. express
love (for) lay down one’s life (for) iXctk/
qBrban’ kar'na v.t. sacrifice (something forJtV^i*
qurban' ho'na v.i. be ^sacrificed (for) ‘ lay
^''3* ® n .c’ s Hie. (for) $ t/fqurba m n.f. sacrifice
^ t J.y qurba'm ka bak'ra n.m. scapegoat
qvrba'ni kar'na v.t. -sacrifice (animal) ; offer
victim

>ry!Z TOr'bat (ped. qu' rubai) n.f. nearness
• ' relationship intercourse [A ~ t-£f]

n.f. kinship ^^(tfszavi-l'-qur'ba n.m.
Cj/relations [A~ w/J*

•* qar'hah n.m. sore ; ulcer (A)

S} ‘

~/lq*'ras±i (col. qar'shi or (ft/qurai'M)

[ys n.m. (descendant of) a member of the
Prophet’s tribe Quraish [AJ
Jlqar s n.m. (p L.^Jiqj'ras, j* ‘Lraqras ) tablet

w/ (rare) disc [A]

•Jlqar'z,^*yqar'zah n.m. debt ; loan ; credit
Uyi&ijC&lif’Sqar'zuika’na (or le'na) v.t. &i.
borrow ; take a loan L'JljlJ^qar'z add kar'na,
C^iXJ'qar z cJiuka'na v.t. & o. pay off or repay
a debt ^(gyqar'z'e ha'sanah n.m. loan without
interest tlP"/ ^ir'z-khah n.m. lender vivditor
J-tjjyqar'z-j*’ n.m. borrower debtor ; one

464

j jjw'iK.F. (p L.J,dlaqsat') instalment

(rare) justice Ct>jlh2qist'< baijdh’ns v.i. settle
payment by instalments tfJsbJqis‘t‘-bafi'diH.T.
settling payment by instalment
qis’t de’na (or ada kar'na) v.t. & i. pay the in-
stalment gist 1 kar'na v.t. agree to pay by
instalmentsjljJ^qis't-par adj. & adv. by instal-
ments [A]

N,F ' balance S^if&Sqista's-e
mUstaqim' n.m. reliable balance [A] -
jfiqa'sam n.m. (pl.^L 'jfaqsm') oath Vjjff’qa'sam
J lor'ns v.t. & o. perjure oneself violate^
an _oath abjure ; renounce an dathdjfijjjs*

<tf-&j£4i r -qa'sam to kh.a'ne hi ke liye ha'li hai prov.
promises, like piece crusts are made to be broken
q&' s an\ de’na v.t. administer an oath
(lo) put (someone) under an oath JJ Cihf*
Cyjfrqa'sam dila'na (or khila'na) V.T. make (some-
one) swear L'L^^/"*qa'sam kkanu v.t. & 0.
swear ; take an oat^l^-ty OJ^qa'sam le'na (or
le lend) v.t. administer an oath „( to) put
(someone) under an oath (/t k^qas’ms qas'mi
n.f. swearing on both sides Zr* qasami/yah (col.
qasmiyyah) adv. on oath [A]"

-Sqis'm n.f. kind ; sort ; type division
j class ; category grade species nature
part ; portion jlyf* qis’m-var adj. classified
categorized graded adv. according to grade
or quality [A} -

_Jjqis'mdt n.f. luck ; fortune fate ; des-
tiny lot ; portion apportioning
(Math.) divsion (administrative) division
(departmental) section £ VU£^qis’mat-szma''l
n.f. trying one’s luck l'Sfafes*qis'mat-amn"i
kar’na v.i, try one’s luck
qis'mat a' lot (or pa' lot or ' pkir') ja’na
qis'mat pAoot'na come Under an unlucky star
fall o n evil days

qismal pkir'na (or kkul'na or jag' Utk'na or
cka mak Utfi'na) v.i. be in qis'mat se

adv. luckily ; fortunately by chance ; for-
tuitously sgtfcSqis'mat ka pier' n.m. ill-
luck ; misfortune adversit ytftvtzP qis'mat ka
dha «? AD J- & N M. lucky or fortunate (person

bless one’s stars lar ’nu v.i. have a

mn of luckl)!{^J^qis' mat va'la aoj. & n.m.
fortunate (person) lucky guy
£~-qts'mal har ja'gah par an’ mil'n hai prov. for-
tune will make its way through stonewalls
X/?kha rij-e qis'mat n.m. quotient [k~^ > )
^qas'var n.m. lion [A]

“Iqissis' n.m. Christian 'priest deacon [A]

\JZ „

ttj A qasiy'yrul-qal' b adj. & n.m. hardhearted
\{y or callous (person) [A
J^qasim' n.m. distributor portion
handsome person [A

L»q/&''N.M. (pi.. jJ 2 qushaor') crust shell

(pi.. jjZquxhccr') crust shell
busk skin J&qash'r v.t. peel
break the shell (of) [A]

»*>jyqash'qah n.m. mark forehead made by Hindus
U h*£r > '& f qtisWqah khrbch'na v.i. paint this
mark [P]

{jjgqushoori n.m. zimy frfoJ^qVshoo'n-e-qa'hirah
* n.m. conquering army [TJ
L^Jlqassab' n.m. butcher beefvendorvk^
' r -bak'r qassab' n.m, mutton vendor goat
or sheep slaughterer [A]

{^qass'bah n.m. lady’s scarf (A)

j —.qisas’ n.m. capital punishment like
retaliation for physical injury retalia-
tion law c£(fla?qisas' le'na v.t. punish with
like retaliation kill for murder award
capital punishment (to) [A]

n.m. (pl. ofi^.M. if)

JZlort'X d Oqasa"i N.m. (f. tSiSqasa"in)
(JM / butcher meat- vendor

qasa"i ke kkoohte se baiidk’na v.i. have one’s
life jeopardized be married to a cruel husband

[~ AV^Xcorr.]

J^Jqasba'li adj. (see under ^ n.m if)

~qas'hah n.m. (Pl.^t^qasbat') town Jt^qasbu'tt
urdian mofussil’ n.m. townsman [A]

ui iui iuuaie (person

(iron) unlucky (person ) t/faPqis’mai ka
li(k)m a n.m. one’s lot destiny hJtJ’ fe.J *

qis'mat ka li(k)Ua fioo'ra ho'na 'v.C (of des-
tiny) be fulfilled fyfcS* qis'mat ka he'ta kdu &
n.m. unlucky or unfortunate (person) . ill-starred
(person qis'mat kar'na v.t. (arch.) appor-
non l'>A)i6gfes , qis'mat ko jkef,k'na(or

ro na or kos na) v.t. & o course one’s fate

♦*y 7 <w d n.m. aim ; object resolve ; inten-
tion attempt design I'JjuSqas'd kar'na
v.t. aim resolve intend design
attempt set as one’s goal undertake 4
journey (to) proceed (to) "(jjqas’dem Au v.
purposely ; deliberately ; intentionally volun-
trailyfA]

! N.M (PL. JS* qusopr') palace f A]

n.m curtailment (i namaz' me A
/* qas r n.m. curtailment of obligatory prayers

£L

466

during journey ['J^qas'r kar nn v.t curtail
(prayers) [A doublet

’yqi'sos n.m. (pl. oC-^n.m. it)

• . * tqisoor' n.m. Pi. palaces (A~sing v ^»>3

> #•

Jyujoor' .n.m. failure omission
qjtsoor' kar'na v.i. commit a fault fail
j^jy^qisoor-dir' adj. blameworthy adv. at fault
•Zqis'sah n.m. (pl. fj^qi'sas) tale story

***' fiction narration matter affair
V/iJl Zqis'sah pak' kar'na v..T« & o. settle a

dispute kill destbry get rid (of) l 0
Vjf iis'sah pak’ ho’na %i, be killed be des-
troyed be got rid of c/fd’^qis'jah tamnm'
kar'nay.T. conclude a story kill : destory
Vj€**qis's ah jho'na v.t. air one’s grievances ^
CV^qis’sah (kuka'na v.t. settle a dispute &!/>*>
qp'sah-khafi n.m. storyteller ; ‘Jljr*J?qis'sa-
kkatu n.f. story-telling £/~*>qis'sah kotah' adv.
in short ; briefly t’ /tC/0 qis'sah kotah.' kar'na
V.t. cut the long story short ftlji*>qis'sah kaha’nl
n.m, fiction qis'sah mjikh'tasar adv. in

short int. to cut the. long story short [A]
p ■ 'ZqSH'dah n.m (PL.jfl 4 >qasa' , td) encomium
°^ e : 8 enre °f poetry couched u$u. in
high-flown language 16 to 90 couplets with even
lines rhyming together ; it usu. comprises four
parts, viz,, tashbih' or amatory prelude, gurez' or
change of mood, eulogy or other .main subject
and bhatimah or conclusion ‘^/'ax^qan’da-kM'nl
n.f. sycophancy flattery [A ~

I • n.f. death fate fatality

V*' administration of justice judicature
order : decree lapse (of time of prayer) C*gCa>
qaza’ park’ ha v.t. say one’s prayers late
‘tftfqaza’Jihl ka’bhi tal'ti hai prov. death is inevit-
able ItL&qata' ra adv. by chance l‘J Ck&yLi*
fytfjfjqoza' sir par khil’na (or kha'ri ho'na) v.i. (of
death) be impending; loom large Ijltfl&qaza’ ka
ma'ra adj. & n.m. (one) driven by fate V/t&qazs'
kar’na v.i. say one’s prayers late pass away
JjtjVJgaza’-v-qad'r n.f. divine decree fate
jjS slid, jiSfj/karkSna' ire qaza-o qaJ’r n.m. the
stgents. implementing the divine decree; fate
Ijjf li£qeztt' htt'na v.t. (of prayer) be late
(of its time) lapse ila'hn se

mar'n a v.i. predestination ; die a natural death
OUlftL&qaza 1 -* ha'jat-N.p. answering the call of
nature if^-Ufqaza'-e kar adv. by chance ; for-
tuitously lSj'jL\£qaza'-e ‘ itm'ri n.f. type of
supererogatory prayers mub'ram

n.f. inexorable fate inevitable death
qaza’-e na-gaha'm n.f. sudden death [A]

* .SiquZat' ti.M. PL. judge f qa zi-l qizat
n.m. Chief Justice [A — sing.

I t qo^o’ya N.M. (PL. of^vi>N.M. it)

iyp

' n.m. penis (rare) sword (rare)

slender branch [A]

^jqazifyah n.m. (p L.kV&qaza'ya) quarrel

dispute^ case matter aflair (logic)
syllogism L'J^&qaziy yah kar'na v.t & o. kick
up a row qaziy'yah mol le'na v.t.

meddle with or poke one’s nose into other's affairs
get unnecessarily involved in some trouble [A]
£yqat n.m. cut at pen point 1$ 0
gat lega'na v.t. trirn, or mend pen-
pointcOj Cqat'-zan,yfjSqat-gir' n.m.
piece of bone, etc. on which pen-
point is trimmed [A]

| j ~qatat’ n.f. queue line

U^row; rank range l^,‘^0qatar' bahdh’na

v.t. & t. queue up stand in aline put
in a line set in a row make a bee-live for

[A]

L)V% tt *‘~ftt~ tar *q' N - M> p L. highway-
man footpading [A —

i /i * qatta'mah n.f. whore ; strumpet ; loose

\tr\J2S woman [A]

jZqSfb n.m. (PL.f0/aqtab')
polestar pole highest

cadre’ in spiritual piyotJjJi^J^qiit'b-e
junoo’bl n.m. South Pole

Antarctic^* sama'vi n.m.

Celestial Pole () fr , ^0qitt'b-e shima'li
n.m. North Pole* Arctic %Jdqut'b-mima n.m.
manner's compass (f^qut'bi !-adj. Polar
qQfbl ta'ra n.m. Polestar tjrrqutbairi n.m. pl.
North and South Pole [A]

| ^qut'r n.m. diameter [A]

iZqatrah n.m.^ (pl. £ p0qatarat') drop

y* minimi*/ t^qot'rah a'* a v.i. suffer -from
Brights disease it^c^qal'rah qat/rah .adv drop
by drop • by drops kj))J*f?tJ g *»yqat'tah qat'rah
ba-kam * shasad' darya' prov. light gains made a
heavy purse £A]

A &qa(‘ n.m. cut style ; fashion crossing

G/ covering (distance) interception in-
-terseclion severance sundering snapping
segment '^ > ^ > qat' i ~e,ta i al'luq n.m. separation;
severance of relations ; snapping of ties
(Cdj't)aat' , -e ta l li<iq kar'na (or kar' le'na ) v.t.

>*•

467

dp

break off all connections (with)j sever relations
(with) ; snap, ties (with) 1'/$? qat’‘ kar’ns v.t.

cut (cloth) cut (someone) short ; cut in
traverse (distance) _snap (ties) ; put an end (to
love, etc.) qati'-t kslam ’ kar'ns v.t.

cut in ; interrupt j££*qal"-t no* ear n.m.
(ignoring) tuming_ (one’s eyes) from adv.
irrespective (of) is se qat’ , -e na’ear ph.

inrespect of the fact (that) despite
qai ,l -€ na’zat kar'nn v.i. ignore something
qai'‘*o-birtd'{ n.m. cutting change
emendation 1‘jfgjPqat' '■ ho' ns v.i. be cut be
deducted be cut short be severed be
traversed vae'fy-jqat" n.f. style ; fashion
qat'‘an any. positively ; definitely
entirely absolutely plot (of \zaA)j^qat"i
adj. absolute categorical imperative

decisive,,; conclusive final ; ultimate ..bind-
ing gaz n.m. tailor’s tape qat"\

taur par adv. _ absolutely categorically

finally (A- #)

(dial. qat n ah) n.m. (pl J i yl?qtt i at')
*** stanza this as independent genre of
poetry piece ; fragment section plot (of
land) jCi^dJqit' l a-bahd n.m. more than one
oouplete read together to form complete sen-
tence [A~^]

mqitn&r' n.m. name of dog accompanying
yZ the Seven Sleepers in the Catacomb
(fig.) anything small [Aj_

n.f. cotton adj. cotton [A]

p Kqa , 'dah n.m. final sitting in prayers ; sitting
"^up in crouching position ; genuflexion (A]
j n.m, short sitting in prayers

s sitting down flexion [A - ,t*J]

*2fa"r n.m. depth cavity bottom
' abyss gulf being concave ljj^qa''r-e
darya' n.m. depth of (a river) tzAy*qa , ’r-e mezal'
lot n.m. depth of disgrace i‘V.>

mazal'lat meh giru'ni v.t. land (someone) into
abysmal 'ignominy [A]
n.f. nape (A)

•3 (rare d*> qa'fas n.m. cage (fig.)
{J world [P]

flpqUf'l n.m. lock^efU^S/'Z-r ab’jad n.m. keyless
(✓ lock worked by special arrangement of letters
(or figures) on it kjjJ^quf'l tor’na v.i. break
open .a, lock burgle tyi/’jfyVqif'lJk.oo'ta ho' ns
v.i. (of lock) be defective C&J&quf'J laga'na
v.t. & o lock lock up

Inga na (or par'tia) v.i. be locked have
locks (in) jJqif'li n.f. (ped. forj^K F. if)
^y^qSq'nus n.m. phoenix [A ~G)

1 Tqul n.m. one of the final chapters of the

U Holy Quran beginning with this word
third day funeral rites ; ‘soyem’ end ; close
a‘oo'zi, L jf’Upqul a'oo'ziyd N.M.
one living on alms (deprecatory term for)
minor Muslim priest ; Mulla I'lfj'fiqbi hoja'nn
v.i. come to a dose ; be all over with [A ~ (Jj )
fqallab' n.m. one who makes fake coins ;
V**' counterfeiter swindler quits' bi n.f.

swindling counterfeiting [A— c-^]
tS'i {ca\. (i'tU/ka'la-baZi) n.f. somer-

wL/vi^sault; somerset VbC(j}l!»qa'la-ba z% kha'ns
v.i. turn a somersault

fqullabah n.m. (rare) fishing hook
^ hasp WtL-yzJidJtifi'zamin asmari ke qdlla'bt
mila'na ph. try one’s utmost ; leave no stone
unturned exaggerate very much (in praise of)
[A1

O ,1 ’Iqila'dah n.m. (pl. j,y>qala'id) collar
necklace cross-belt [A]

.’f'.^qallastt' . ijTqnUahct AI)J- & N.m. poor,
*'** , penurious or poverty-stricken (person)
wretched (person) (rare) trickster ; rogue (P)
£,Jj fails' ' n.m. (pl. of ,*& n.m. if)

^^qula‘ n.m. soreness of mouth

^^qala'qina n.m. (slang) jeers

.*• fqa'laqafid n.f. (dial, m.) (indigenous toffee ;

^taffy .

'qulahch. (col. £,lPkHlafi{i) N.F. (of horse, etc.
caper t)pf£lMquIaf!(k' bhar'na (or lags' -
ns) v.i. cut a caper [Tj
JJ qal'b n.m. (pl. *«- jSquloob ') K^art soul

mind centre centre or main body
(of army) inversion adj. inverse counter-
feit jHfJqat' b-saz' n.m. (rare) counterfeiter C/L>~
qal'b kar'na v.t. turn ; invert £*'" t \.i m J?qal‘%-e
ma'hiyal n.m. basic chance ihetamorphocis

qal'bi adj. hearty cordial fA]

Squl'bah n.m. (lit.) plough pf b^qUlba^SH (lit.)
'** n.m. cultivator ^b^qal'ba-ra’iA n.f. (lit.)
ploughing ; cultivation JP]

^fiqil'lat n.f. shortage ; scarcity paucity

dearth want ; deficiency [A]

I CP
&

{ J^gqaltaban ' n.m cuckold[Tj

N.M. clysma (name of an Egyptian

city) (fig.) sea f 'J* (gbuhai'ra-'e qulzHm n.m
Red Sea [A]

3 JfqaU' qam'‘ n.m. rooting out ; extirpa-
te L/ tion ..destruction ending putting an
end (to) [A £+&) .. -

> ‘*qil' , ah (ped. qal’ l ah) n.m. (pl. & qila '“•'***
qil’‘a-jat') fort castle qil‘ a-dar'

n.m. garrison commander J* / ‘**}- a-t mo'al'la
n.m. (esp.) the Red Fort of Delhi as the seat
of Moghul emperors Moghul couTt&l'Jzliqil’e ki
zBban' v.i. chaste Urdu ; Emperor’s Urdu
King’s English [A]

jfqal " I n.f. tin tinning ; plating

t? qai'i kar’na v.T.'tin vessels, etc.)

\,\f)qaU'll kkul’na (or kkul ja'na) v.i. be ex- ,
posed be shown in one’s true colours

kkol'na (or kfnol de'na) v.t. expose
(someone) qal't-gar n.m. tinman one
who tins vessels (fj^qal"i ga'ri n.f. „ tin-
man’s job job oftLnning pots [A~ £p]
oJL fqul'fi (ped. ^quf'li) n.f. icecream
O container or mould for it small ‘hookah’
movable joint in ‘hookah’ pipes hasp
metal .cup with adjustable -lid tiffin-carrier
Gftf* qul'fi jam'na [A~ (J** corr .]

‘•jXqa'laq n.m. sorrow anxiety ; disquietude
U f)* qa'laq raih’na v.t. feel sad (about)

be disturbed (at) (VjfljVjptf qa'laq guzarna
(or ho'na ) v.i. regret feel sorrow be per-
turbed be concerned (over) [A]

'ri n.f. (same as£fl$*N.F. •£)

jgltqul'qul n.f. gurgling (of wine-bottle, etc.)

t jqa'lam {pl. I aqlam') n.m. pen pen-

r holder fountain-pen reed-pen hand-
writing authority n.f. graft cutting
crystal matric hair on temple ; whisker; upper
part Of beard j\aStfqa'lam utha kar adj. (write)
off hand C&tJ? qa'lam uthz'na v.t. write (on a
topic) fya' lam-bar-dash' tah adj. & adv. off-

hand )writing) I’U- ^qa'lam bana'na v.t. & o.
mend a pen (usu, pl.) set the whiskers a
matrix xpqa'lam-bahd adj. & adv. reduced to
writing in black and white \jJxP qoHam-bahd
kar'na v.t. write ; reduced to writing ; put in
black and white jot down ; take down ; down
qa'lam pak' n.m. pen-wiper qa'lam

pher'na v.t ;> strike off qa'lamr tar ash n.m. pen-

knife G) i ) qa'lam tor' dr'na ph. write ex-

quisitely as a calligraphist produce a work of
great literary merit J^qa'lam-dan n.m, _ port-
folio inkstand writing case tyjjtfLf qa' lam-
da n-e vizarat n.m. ministerial portfolio qa'lam
rati n.f. domininion territory qa'lam-
zan kar'na v.t. delate strike off qa'lam-za'dah
ADJ. struck off j&qa'lam-kar' n.m_ artist painter
engraver ; figured calico (fj\jlPqa' lam-ka'ri n.f.
painting engraving i ‘Jp* qa'lam kar'na „v.t.
cut (someone’s head) off prune i&fqa'lani"
laga'na V.T. & o. graft plant cuttings.
qa'lam ho'na v.i. be cut off ; be severed ^/moo'-
qa'lam n.m. brush ; paint brush ^Xyak-_qa' lam
adv. altogether totally ; entirely
ba-yak' jum'bash-e qa'lam adv. with one stroke of
pen ijP qa'lami adj. hand-wrjtten grafted
crystal ■ crystallized Jp ^ qa'lami nqs'khah
N.m. manuscript hand-written book fl^qa'lmi
am n.m. grafted mangoes qo Uar. sho'rah

n.m. crystallised saltpetre [A]

qalma'qint n.f. Amazon* ;t> narem guard [A]

J »S^ afl '^ aT N - M - calender cleanshaven and
tousured vagabond professing to mysticism
person not tied down by religious or worldly
conventions dauntless person free-thinker
livestime monkey-dancer sljCPqalafi-dara'nah
adj. bold ; dauntless ; undaunted free
thinkirigl^^qalat' dari n.f* uncoventional
mysticism dauntless spirit a kind- of tent TP1
■ jSqqlaob' n.m. pl, hearts souls minds
* ' [A ~ SING, ]

Uji Zqaloopal'rah n.f. Cleopatra

.~qul'lah n.m. peak : top ; summit qul'la-e
P koh n.m. hilltop , peak [AJ .

Xqu'li n.m. coolie porter U*

(5 (arch.) slave [T]
i jpiul'ya n.f. chapter of the Holy
« Quran entitled infidels (and
opening with the words qilya'...) 1 * *
\;/{G iP(fki qul'ya tarnam' kar'na v.T. end
(someone’s) prestige -(etc.) A $}

C) £qolyan' N;M. hookah jfyy*qal'yan'-kash adj.

& n.m. smoker

••

Uiqalll' adj. fex little small short

U- [A- cP)

gqal'yah n.m. stew stewed meat
‘C* mince [A]

A qum int rise P(pb^qum' bi-izn-ii
j (formula of Jesus for quickening tl

■illah int
the dead*)

rise by the grace of God [A ~ f ]
t'Zqimar' n.m. gambling jXjCi qimdr'-bdz. n.m.
^ gambler (fjlj^qiniar'-ba'zi n.f. gambling
qimgr'-kha'nah n.m. gambling den [A]
.^■'i^qumish' n.m. (pl. ^taq'mishah) house-
hold goods quality cloth [A]

Pl *quma sh n.m. manners (f[?}&>vaz -o-
y Jf qumash' n.m. style and manners [T]

A qam'chl n.f. whip ; horse-whip (rare)
{£* switch [T]

«* qa'mar n.m. (pl. j\ji aqmar') moon tfyi qa'mari
/ adJ. lunar y^^qa'man mahi'nah n.m. lunar
month ; month [A]

.y**J?am'ri n.f. (pl .(fj\jqama'ri) ringdove;

turtle-dove [A] - *

£2 qam “ n.m. pulverize £/ ’> $ qal' ‘ -o-qam ' ‘ n.m
jste. under $ n m. it)

*V2 qim'qUmah n.m. (electric) bulb larnp-
shade ; globe [A)

qamis’ (col. qqm.li) n.f. (pl fj^qu'mus)
U** shirt qamis' paihan'na v.t. put on

one’s shirt [A]

qons »' n.f tent-wall (A)

^l^qanadW n.f. (pl. of J^it)

^ .V?® la'ot N.F. content , contentment [A]

,~qafid' n.m. sugar sugar candy [A~P]

L .Iqihdil' n.f. candle chandelier lamp

UA>[A~G]

„ ,*qinoot' n.f obedience to God (usu.

■ > ’ £fjdo'a'‘e qunoot') prayer-words repeat-

ed while standing [A]

i.jyqiinoot’ n.f despair , despondency

qunoo'ti n.m. pessimist adj. pessimistic.- ,Jrps
qunootiyyat n.f. pessimism [A]

qOvi S' n.m. pl. capacities powers
potentialities 'Jtf£ljquva'‘-e jismq'ni n.m.
pl. physical potentialities {fc£lfquva'-e zeh'ni
n.m pl. mental powers ($?£ljquva-e tab'‘\ n.m.
pl. natural faculties ; faculties supposedly ema-
nating from liver, viz.Ja'zibah, md'sikah, mo'al'li-
dah, na'miyah, hd'zimah ^l^ijquva-e nafsa'm
n.m. PL._ten internal and external mental facul-
ties, viz., ba'sirah, za'iqah, sa'me l ah, sham'mah,
fs'mtsah, hafzah , his's-e mushier ak, mutakhy'yilah,
mutafak'kirah, vahimah

. ~qava'‘id n.f grammar n m. drill
parade n.m. pl. rules rules and regu-
lations /)£ij*M,\jqava'id sar'f-o nah’v n.m. pl.
rules of accidence and syntax C&jtijqava'id

sikhana v.t. drill teach grammar IA sinC.

Vl>3 ...

'^,’lqavafi N.M (pl- of n .m it)

ov

. j .•fqava'id-datinM. grammarian one
(✓ conversant witn rules [A — SING, tjfi

1 ,‘fqavval' n.m. chorister ; member of band
( J y singing light music stressing words
qaim'li n.f. choral song of this type indi-
gence chorus mystic chorus [A ~ j) ]
f 'Zqivcim' n.m. (thick)- syrup stay A~

f

S*qavanin' N.M. (pl. of £)j\sie)

oJy

^*qoot' n.f. (PL.Cstfiaqvai') food suste-
■“"v nance t-e la yamooV n.f just

enough food to keep body and soul together ;

bare sustenance [AJ

_ / / •* _ «

^ “Iquv vat n.f (pl. (/Jqitva ) strength vigour

force power capacity potentiality
virtue ; influence ; efTect facuky^l
quv'vat-e ba'sirah n.f. sense of sight ; eyesight
vision il&Jquv'val-e bah' n.f. potency U £>J
quv'vat pa'na v.t. be strengthened be rein-
forced quv'vat-e ja'zibah n.f. power of

absorption ; power of attraction \f£*)quv'val-i
hd'Jizah n.f memory J’oCs'jqiivvat-e da'fe'ah n.f
power of ^expulsion is quv'vat de’na v.t
strengthen^Hj&j'qui/vat-e Za'iqah n.f. sense of
xasXe^Ls&j quv’vat-e sd'me^ah N.f. sense of hear-
ings quv’vat-e sham'mah n.f. sense of smell
ss+f&Jquv'val-e gha'zabiy'yah n.m. passion ,
fury ~stiOJqiiv'val-e lamisah n.f. sense of touch
J^L ^/quv'vat-e masi'kah n.f. power of reten-
tion jJ^c^Jquv'val-e mulakhay'yilah n.f. fancy;
faculty of imagination fjM&jquv'val-e mld'rikalt
n.f. intellect; faculty of perception or apprehen-
sion oJ&C*} quv'vaUe mutafak'kirah n.f. faculty
of thought q}/<£'Jquv'vat-c mumay'yizah n.f.
faculty of discrimination ^1‘i^jquv'vat-s na'miyah
n.f. faculty of growth &) quv'vat-e ha'zimah

n.f. digestive power ; assimiiiation iJ/^yquv'vate
mo‘al'lidah n.f. generative faculty [A]

"Zqoi n.m. arms j^yq or' chi soldier ar-

mourer v \}jJ q'or'-khanah n.m. armoury;
arsenal [P]

•* qor’mah n.m, seasoned spicy stew [T]

Sjy

J?qaus n.f. bow arc (of circle) (sign
(✓/of Zodiac) Sagittarious tfS<Sjqau's-e qizah’ m
(or qau's-o) nf (see under ) n.m. it )(f f J
qau'si adj. .rched bow-shaped [A]

470

i*qau'l n.m. promise ; word say-

U* ing utterance assertion ; affirmation
name of a musical mode ( i'/jjj
qau'l tor'nZL (or se phir'na) v.t. & o. go
back on one’s word (L’jZylsjJfgaul de'na (or
har’nn) v.t. give word ; to promise ; give
(someone) one’s word of honour

qau'l{-o-) fe‘'l n.m. precept and practice
word and deed fjyqau'l-e fai'sal n.m. last

word decisive pronouncement-^ J ](J/qau'l {-»-)
qarar' n.m. mutual agreement compect ;
covenant Vjjl9 (ijJjqau’l{-H)-) qarar' kar'na v.t.
& o. give .one’s word to \jj,¥()jqaul ka poors.
adj. true to one’s word tyjqaulan adv. by
word of mouth verbally Jjt>ba~qau 'l adv
according to as reported by [A]

^'jqaolavj (or qaulatj’) n.m. colic [A~G]

m“T qaum n.m. nation ; people rare group ;
j -'group of persons j) qatt'mi adj. national
Iqau'mi asaimb'li N.F. National Assembly
GZSrtSjqau'ml hukoo'mal n.f. national govern-
ment milkiy'yat n.f. state owner-

ship cCiSJftfjqau'ml milkiy’yat melt le'na v.t._
nationalize zUyqatimiya' na v.t. nationalizes!-^
qaumiy'yat n.f. nationality [A]

'Iqau'mah. n.m. standing up in prayers after
J* making the bow [A — f'lJ] _

L&Tqaufi'sal n.m. consul ; envoy sv^jqaun' sal-
*■"' ' kha'nah n.m. consulate
i I Jfl'si adj. strong vigorous mighty
0 * powerful z^itfjqa'viy’y-ul-jvs’sah adj.
able-bodied robust Jft’tfjqa'vl-hai'kal adj.
robust gigantic [A ~ &/]

^qahhar' adj. (see under ^ n.m.

•2 qaih'r (ped. qah'r) n.m. anger ; in digna-

/r tion rage ; wrath ; fury calamity curse

injustice cruelty (rare) overpowering
(ft (jtqaih'r-e ilahi n.m. divine wrath iVj'ljiijjj/f
qaih'r ior'na (or kar'na) v.t. & I. crack down
upon mete out harsh treatment do some-

thing undesirable act in an irresponsible
mamicr qaih'r toot 'na v.i. be cursed

(of calamity descend) t}i/ie)lfJl£r J j;>/fqaih'r-e
darvesh' bar ja'n-e darvesh" PROW a poor man’s
rage hurts none but himself Ify? qaih'r t ka
adj. exquisite ravishing

qaih' r-e-ghal' bah n.m. overpowering and con-
trol tyytqattir ho'na v.t. be calamitous
be very' undersirablc /P qah'ran adv. by force
perforce ^Ly^qaih'r-man n.m. tyrant

hero jCf qahhar' n.m. vanquisher controller
this as attribute of God {Aj
t ~\qaih'qart (ped .lS/&qaK qar&) aoj. retro-
grade , retrogress! vctf/P^di^raj’at-t qaih '
qari n.f. retrogression (A)

qaih! qahah n.m. laugh , langhter ; burst ot
laughter (VjllJ Jfi^qaih' qahah lagans (or
mar'na v.i. laugh loudly . burst into laughter
roar with laughter

Kqah’vah n.m. coffee tea without milk
Of*' qah'va-kha' nah n.m coffee house ts 9
t fjjqah’va-firosh ’ n.m tea-vendor coffee-
house keeper [A] ^

*Z qai n.f. vomit ; puke ViJ^qai ana v.i. feel-
“"sick ; feel nausea be disgusted^ (with the
sight of)jj<j.qai'-a'var adj. emitict ’Jd-qai kar'na,
Vjfd-r/ko qai' ho'na v.i. vomit ; puke; spew [A]
fiqiya’dat n.f. leadership
« qiya'dat n.f. right of leadership "[A]
f/Slqiyas' n.m. analogy guess ; supposi-

U. if tion conjecture presumption

(gram.) regular formation (rare) syllogism

/fl£Z-t/C>qiyas' se ba'hir adj. & adv. incredible
inconceivable vJl/Uqiyas' kar'na v.t. think

esti mate qiyas' lagn'na v.t. guess
conjecture C ’it/’J’Ctqiyds' meh ana v.i be

credible be conceivable L/Uqiya'san adv.
presuming by conjecture by analogy^p

qiya'si adj. conjectural imaginary
analogous (gram.) of regular formation [A]

9 ^Zqayasirah n.m. (pl. ofy^N.M. if)

/ •*

• «. qiya'fah n.m. conjecture features ;

appearance cfif'Jfdqiya'fa-shinas' n.m. phy-
siognomistif' £}yiSqiya f i-shina' si n.m. physiog-
nomy [A]

/ftqiyam' n.m. stay ; residence standing
I hr up establishment existence stability
permanence S%(&qiyam'-pazir' adj. resident
adv. staying Ujfspzftfqiyam'-pa&r' ho'na,
qiyam' kar’na v.j.*" Teside stay (at or with) [A]
*• qiya'mal n.f. Doomsday Day of
Resurrection cruelty calamity
scene of trouble or distress exquisiteness adj
excessive ; excessively great exquisite adv.
extremely exquisitely int. wonderful -.
exquisite tifcstjqiya'mat a’na v.i. (of Dooms-
day come (of calamity) be t

9 j t •**

l* J) qiya'mat Slia'na (or tor’na or bar-pi’ kar’na
v.i; raise a tumult be very cruel bring
down calamity qiya'mafkhez' adj.

471

4

—

:alamitous ravishing mat-khe' zl

m.)‘. calamitousncssVic/l*?')'?''”' 1 * dha'na v.t.

• I. • 11 l _ _ • . t •

calamitous
V

act inadvisably oppress
beauty {f/^&tfqiyamal-t sugh'
dual ; death W£s\jqiya mat ks a

have pevishing
ra n.f. indivi-
adv. extreme

widespread calamity"* destruction of nation,
e tc.eZ-^stflfkyd qiya’mat hai int. what a pity
how sad how miserable [A ~ ft? J
qaid n.f. imprisonment - confinement;
~ incarceration restraint condition ;
stipulation (rare) shackle ^H^^qai'd-t
ba-mashaq'qat n. i\ rigorous imprisonment :
R.i. penal servitude quid' bh.? gatna

( or kat'na ) v.i. undergo a term of imprisonment
qai'd-e tanha’i n.f. solitary confinement
* ip j? quid' -kha'nah n.m. prison ; jail ; gaolw^j*#
qai'd-e farahg' n.f. inprisonment for defining
order of (former) British rulers of the Indo-
Pakistan subcontinent Ctf) quid' lags' na v.T.
stipulate make conditional upon restrict
qai'd-e mah’z n.f. simple imprisonment
quid' ho' ns v.i be imprisoned be
behind bars . be in prison be restrained
be stipulated ^ylbbi-la’-qaid' adj. uncon-
ditional unrestricted adv. unconditionally

unreservedly at large tfjqai'di n.m.
prisoner captive convict [A]

r ' n.m. pitch - tat (j£jqir'-gooh adj. pitch-
dark [A]

Lfjqdtat’ n.m. twenty-fourth part of an ounce ;
"VC carat [A]

-jyqais' n.m. legendary Arab lover of the dark-
en* beauty, Laila or of the blond, Lubna [A]

‘ $qui’sar N..v. (PL.tptfqaya’sirah Caeshr

emperor sovereign potentate [A~L]
,**.9 // n.f. funnel [T]

qi'l-o-qal' n.f. con-
i'' V U* treversy objection ;

criticism altercation passage-

at-arms [K-Jj] J „

tjTqoUoo'lah n.m. nap ; siesta v/jJ?qailo<Meh
kar'ns v.i. take a nap ; take a siesta [A]
Aqay'yim ADJ. true correct straight n.m.
chief convener secretary fA ~ f*lS]
jqi'mat n.m., price value worth
cost, CiiSSql’mat pans v.i. \x sold for
fttch 'a high pricey ’mat.
thaihra'na (or &uka'na) v.t. setfle a pric eVVcJ*

) qV mat lags' na (or mlqar'rar kar'ns) vt.
name the price fix the price evaluate
put a price upon qi'matan adv.. on pay-
ment ff^ql’mati adj expensive costly
precious valueable highly prized., [A]

“Zql'mah n.m. minced meat ; mince l'/^qtmah
pfckar'tta v.t. mince back to pieces

make mince-meat (of)

Jj& qaift'ch.1 N.M. scissors truss
(jlT VlK. quin' chi si zaban ( hala'na vy. talk
very fast’ talk glibly CffpfLsffltfyqtiilffhi
zubsn drains v.i. -talk very fast have
facile tongue C& (ff quiti c]ii Iftga'na v.t.
with the scissors pared ; trim make a tru
\J> qaiti (hi lag' ns v.i. be cut be pared

be trimmed

“Squyood' n.f pl. conditions; stipulations
y, limitations quyoodat' n.f. (rare.)
(same as jj**) [A — SING, jg ]

*’lqayy°om' n.m. (as an attributive name of
God) He who exists by himself Un-
parallelled [A ~ fyi ]

r y

ib^aanaaaaaaatsi

kaf twenty-eighth letter of Urdu alphabet
(equivalent to English k) (according to
jummal reckoning) 20 particle like
t/ks (inflected form & VL.^ke ;

" f. J" kl) prep, of
/C/ka'buk n.f. pigeon-house ;
dove-cote

LJks'bul N.M. name of the capital
of Afghanistan ; Kabull^^l^
£-J?t£teyfka'bul meh kya' ga'dhe na'/tifi ho' It
prov. every land has all sorts of persons
fools arc to be found everywhere (fykabeli adj.
of Kabul unusually large n.m. Afghan
robust person ^(pj/ka'bUtl dt a'ne n.m pl.
large white gram

kab'lah, Jl>tf kab'la n.m. bolt

<oos' n.m. nightmare [A]

in' n.m. dower yl-c/J if kabdn'-na'mah
n.m. dower deed [P]
kabt'nak n.f. Cabinet [E]

)i n.f. copy note-book
for lithography

472

ri*h» E ..

•^j /ka lib n m. (pi •‘ft'kuttab') calligraphy
(lit.) scribe (arch.) secretary
Ai'tib-e Ihhrir' n.m the writer of a document,
etc .S&lJ'\Ska-tib-e taqdir vah'y
n.m . the Hertv Prophet's scribe taking dowry
froth him the revealed word [A ~C/(X)

Cjkatak- n.m. name of seventh month of
•‘•Hindu calendar (corresponding to October
November) [jdj' Lm Jj]jka’tak ki kut'ya N.P. (fig )
bitch

\£tfkat'na v.t spin n.m. spinning
^ v kata aur le dau'rt prov very hasty person
n.m. goldsmith’s clipper

(•jV kat'rta v.i. cut sever , sunder

’ " cleave dissect strike off • bite
trim prune reap ; harvest mow

deduct cut ’(someone) short pass (one’s
day, time, etc.) ; while away (one’s time)
clear (forest) (of acid, etc ) corrode (of
shoe) pinch traverse (distance) serve

(term of imprisonment) divert (wate*-)

dig (canah cress someone’s (path )iAjf&\/kai'
pkafis n.f. tampering with talc-bearing ;

back-biting backing n.f. cut
wound incision discount deduction
Vfi2s\g£tfkat' ckhant kar'ha v.i. deduct ;
make deductions from pron eCH&lfkat' dal'na

v,t. cut off strike off hew amputate

kar'na v.t counter con-

tradict corrode (of sword) cut make an
Incision Skat' kkana v.t. bi

ti„fk at'ne (or kat' kha'ne) ko daur na,
kat'kita'na v.t. & I. be rude look daggers
fly at (someone) try to bite or sting
£f/kati (rarec£>jf/r3t) n.m. wood timber

-* 75 ' (arch.) the stock Jf tf'jZ&'katk ka ul’loo

buttonhole

ifi/kajal n m. soot lamp-black collo-
rium t'Jj'Jtlf ka'jat parnu v.t. St o. subli-
mate soot ; get lamp-black deposited on plate
held" above wick ; collect collorium on suffers J^.

kujal laga’na v.t. apply lamp-black (to the
eye) (fjfij’J'Jftfka'jal ki koik’rl n.m. coal-celler
P'1 /kajoo n.m. cashew nut adj. fragile rytrf
* P kajoo bhoo’joo 'adj. quite fragile)
g^kachh N.F. (dial.) loin {Ztfka'&ha n.m
•t drawers

/ks’chki n.m. (r.<y£lfka'dlhan) (dial.)
yree itirrnrer vardener cultivating veere-

N.m. IJj&vJrfljkath. ka gko'ra N.M. wooden

horse (fig.) crutches j.iS/k/jj&tfkaiti (or kaxh)
kabar' n.m. )Skmber(jJ'j/j'£vkatfk & gko'ri n.f.
(dial.) bier^J ki hatl Oa
bar' ■ bar na'hih jharhti prov. once a traitor
always a traitor once bitten twice careful

ke gko're »

daur a' na v.t. spin yarns

.gfJka'tkiH.Y. saddle body; Jgm
C/ physique Jj l/jry

kft'tlu pa' na v.i. have a good physi- J

- t/kaj n.m. buttonhole business ; work
QtC ( U|U . as) karri _ kaj n.m. (see under

, /h)i\s£,tfkoj' banana v.t. & O. make aa

•*'*? greeigrocer
tables

1 i/kakh n.m

gardener cultivating vege-

g^^kakh k.m palace villa mansion [AJ

^ka'zib n.m. liar [A-wuT]

I 1 / kar n.m. affair ;• work ; labour ; action ,
^ " operation ; profession ; business^; function ,
duty gj fjTj/kar-akmoo'dah, j/oaj/jS azmoo da-kar
adj. vttera.no/tj jj’kar-agah' adj. (one) possess-
ing the know- how us,eful >1 jlfkar-a' malt adj.

useful serviceable jljtfkar'-bar n.m. (col
for jLjjI/n.m. ★) (/jlsyV'kar'-bar-a’-ri n.m.
getting one’s desire fulfilled wheedling
kar ! -band adj. complying (with) acting up
XoXyjjsj/kar'-baiid ho’na v.i. comply (with)

act up to If' kar-pardaz' n.m. worker
manager efficient (person) (jjb/.jV'kar-
parda n.f. work efficiency manage-
ment >-?)j)j)fkar~e savab’ n.m. virtue good
deed good turn savab’ kar’na

v.t. & o. do a good deed ^'JTjV'kar'^ob n.m.

embroiderer embroidery frame adj. em-
broidered (J>£ Jb'kar-cjio'bi n.f. embroidery adj.
embroidered Jbtpjtfkar-kka'nah n.m. workshop
factory mill system jbs&jV'kar-kha'na-
dar n.m. millowher manufacturer in-
dustrialist •Zjjtp/M'Jf kar-kha'na-e qAd'-ratslPjtftfLir
khuda’i kar-jjfca'nah n.m^ nature yg’jtfka'r-e khair'
n.m. good deed ; virtuous deed jtfjlfkar-dar n.m.

manager » officer in charge Jljj^kar'-dafi
adj. & n:m. efficient (person) (one) possess-

ing the know-how bjt/kar-da'ni n.f. effi-
ciency know-how ’^IjjjlP'kar-rana’i N.F.
proceedings procedure action trial

kat-rava"* kar’na v.t. tqke action deal ac-
cording to procedure hold proceedings jbjfkar 1 -
Zar’ n.m. battle warjIjj/tfLfmaida'irtkar'-
zar’ n.m. battlefield ; field of baulejlsj&'kar-saz'
adj. helping skilful n.m. doer maker

mansion (AJ

workshop (esp. kar-sa'i-e haqi'qi)

n.m. God (as True AccoTnp\ishcT)Jjl<jlkar m sazi
n.f. skill (j&jlkarastani n.f. mischief
karasta'tA kar'na v.t. make mischief f

ki karasts'ni ho'mv.u be the chief of tytfk'au
forma n‘.m. authority ; one wielding power
controller Jtyjllkar farma"l n.f. control
exercise of authority f 3 /jlkar-kar’dagt n.f.
work performance out put efficiency

V kar’-kun n.m. worker adj. working j
kar-kUn sahafi n.m. working journalist
gah n.f. workshop field of activity l

kar'-gar adj. effective efficacious active
(ingredient) Vyf fjll kar'-gar ho'na v.i. be effec-
tive l kar'-guzar’ ad?, effective n.m. worker

(fjl^jlkar'-guzari n.f. work performance
output efficiency,^ tf' kar'-na'mah n.m.

deed heroic deed memorable workv^Y^JUV
zih'dagi ka kar’-namah n.m. life-work., (of) ojPjl
karih'dah n.m. worker agent ; representative
ka'r-e tvma'yah n.m. memorable
ka r-o-bar', (cxA.jlj fl kar’-bar) n.m. business
trade commerce (fj^j{/kar-o~ba'ri n.m.
business da'rfyf fit, it is no easy

task , 2 * 1 / ka'r-e na mas'le ph. useless in

vain suf. (one) who does ; doing (JjVka'rt suf.
doing [P~cJjjdo]

j f/ k « r suf- cultivator planter (Sf(ka'ri
suf. cultivating planting [P-tiP'Vl
fj ^ tor n . f . motor-car [E]

y karbs'lik Abj. & n.m. carbolic acid [EJ

4 / if. i/karbn'nik e'sid gas n.f. carbonic
L&fCUljlf acid gas [E]

karpore'dtan n.f. corporation [E]

n.m. cartridge [E]

kart' oral n.f. corduroy [El

..I J. [/ kar'tooti n.m. cartoon t^/jlfkaxtoo nisi
n.f. cartoonist [E]

*L/k*r'd n.m. port-card kat d-bord n.m.

cardboard [E]

Ji^kar'nasJ'fka'ms n.f cornice [E]

^ kar' nival N.M. carnival [El

. Jkar’mh [n.m^ company of travellers;
O ' caravan JLffljj\/kar'va1t-sara n t n.f. inn
caravanserai IPJ

ka'roneshan n.f. coronation [E]

id .fka'rl adj. fatal or mortal (wound, etc.)

^ r rp~>]

yj fkarez' n.f. subteiranean canal
•V sewer [P]

f dko! r\-gar n.m. skilled labourrer workman
« artisan adj. skilful (person) inge-
nious (fj£jtfka't%-ga'fi n.f. skill workman-
ship ingenuity [P]

.• k>r/kark'na v.t. embroider embroider
(pattern on) draw (veil) boil
n.m. decoction

n.m. artisan doer perpe-
® trator [A-^1 ^ /

^Jijkas't n.f. whittling down (only in)*-*''!
be-ka' m-orkat’t ph. complete(ly) [P
Jkosid adj. false ; base ; spurious ; counter-
feit lA~jW]

j^ka' sir adj. breaker Z/hJ/'oka'sir-t riyah' n.m.
' 9 (of medicine) curing flatulence [A~
•y'l/kas’ni n.f. a kind of chicory ; endive ,
" litac adj. purple [P]

jka'sah n.m. cup; bowl cup shaped
M ® shell, etc . jtj^Hka'sa-e za'noo n.m. knee-
cap y^H'ka sa-e sar n.m. skull 'filff'tfka’ sa-e
gada"i n.m beggar’s bowl (/f^Vka'sartes adj.
flatterer; sycophant ; boot-licker ; toady
ka 'sa-le'si n.f. flattery , sycophancy . toady-
ism [AJ y ^

‘f/U kash, fifi/kash ke /j'lfkdsh-ke would that ,
U how I wish [P]

kasha' nah n.m. abode [P]

, J> j j/ kajaspahAaty n.m. correspondent
j ilka' raspaf, daft! n.f. correspon-
dence [E)

^j^kar'k n.m. cork [E]

, ^ka'rartN.u. cause (only as)e0(4£& ka'ran
p H . because of

-2 kash' t N.F. cultivation ; tillage ;

P bringing under the plough'll l kash' t-kar
n.m., cultivator ; tiller • farmer . agriculturist
fyl&llkash' l-ka' ri n.f. cultivation tillage ; agri-
culture^ Abj. untilled ; unculti-

vated fellow uncommahded C^^fkhQd-
kash't adj. self-cultivated owner cultivated
sponsored by (someone) himself zZ'Hkash'lah
adj. cultivated , tilled ,

ka'shif adj. one who discloses or reveals 1
* [A-^J

474

S*

])*

r .pu/kashi n.f. glazed tile adj. of the
0 ® city Kashant^/i^^a'iH-Aa'ri n.f.

n.m. old name for Hindu temple
» Town, Benares [S]

Persian
glazed-

tile^ work ; chips work
Jr^ka'zim N.M. one controlling one’s rage
| " appelation of a Shi’ite Imam [A]
.•,^/ka’ghaz n.m. (pl. ■X/tJjy' kaghhzat") paper

Jtv document L'Jjlfka'gpaz sa adJ. very
thin ka'ghaz sxyah' (or ka'la)

kar'na v.t. scribble write at length
write silly stuff ka'ghaz-firosh’ n.m. paper

merchant ; paper-dealer iL'(fjbtfka’gf}az ki na”o
n.f. paper boat frail thing 5fc(pilf

ka'ffiaz ki ng'o Joo’bi ke doo’bi prov. baseless
things are doomed to collapse Cls If ka'ghaz

k I ns”o bans' n a v.r. be engaged in useless task
Jttf ka'ghaz ke gko’re damans ph.
keep up brisk corresponding send frequent
letters Ifji/ka'ghad adi- paper ; of paper
delicate thin-shelled^f^VAa'gha^i bsdsm'
N.M. thin-shelled ka’ghazi

pairahari (or pairs' han) t*M-fjfVjjlf(fjfl/ka'gt}azi
ksr-rava"i n.f. redtapism ; official correspon-
dence [P]

n.m. name of the letter kaf ,
faehal kaf n.m. forty ‘kafs’ ; prayer poem
with forty ‘kafs’/^c tlfkaf lkm,C»lf( , Plam' kaf
n.m. beast lie (JJ&ifkaJ' noon n.m. God’s
command kun ; be ,

l y/ kafir (col. ksfar) n.m. & adj. (pl. j\if
/ * kiffar') infidel beloved.; sweetheart
ungrateful (person) cruel (person) ; tyrant
IjlJlf ka'fir-ada' adj. & n.m. coquet; coquette
5 I y?lf>lfka’fir-ma-jara”i n.f. cruelty ^f*flf
kafir-e ne"mat adj. & n.m. ungrateful person
Zlfslf kafira'nah adj. like an infidel im-

pious adv. impiously (f iff kaf in n.f. infidelity ;
disbelief [A~

kafoor ’’ N.m. camphor (l CjfjJ f kafoor'

J* * ho’n a (or ho ja'ns) v i. evaporate
vanish scamper (fj%¥< kafoo'ri adj cam-

phor milk-white^'#'/* kafoo'ri sham' 1 n.f
incandescent camphor light [A- S]

•U kaf f ah n.m. all (only in) j' CIO \f kaf fat- un-
nos’, (h'ljj/kaffa-r ansm n.m. all per-
sons .whole mankind [A]

I j ^jksfi adj. enough ; sufficient ; adequate
4?® ample ; abundant j| Ij jf/kafi-o-vafi ph
enough and too spare [A]

•'ij/is/i n.m. n.m.

w 9 coffee-house (E)

*1 f^ka'ka n.m. (dial.) paternal uncle

W* ks'ks n.m. (rare) elder brother a
slave now grown old in master’s home (Pj
jy kaka tu"a n.m. cockatoo [E - Malay]

yU ks'kul n.f. lock , curl ; ringlet forelock
U Ojf?i/lf ks'kul-e pe’chafi n.f. curled
locks [P]

j^ka'koo n.m. (dial.) maternal uncle

^ks’ki n.f. (dial.) aunt

i ft/ kag, tfV'kg ga n.m. - crow,
uvula ka'ga rol n.m. cawi:

'Jt

: gS

kag n.m. cork [~E corr.]

raven
cawing of crows

I jj/ta/ n.m. famine dearth scarcity :

shortage (rare) death I't/Jlfkal' par' ns
v.i. (of famine) be ijblfjffkal’ ka ma'ra adj.
famine-stricken ; starvejing
fijkal pref. black (ff^/jlf kaf kothri n.f.
0 ® black-hole ; dungeon [~ plf abb. of i)tf]

• .j i/ ka'la adj. (F.J{fkgli) black dark

* n.m. black snake (f/fp If ka'la sd'mi n.m.

derogatory) an Africusian of a subject race<^?l)l/
ka'la bh- jafig' adj. jet black j^Vlf ka'la part
n.m- transportation for life If ka'la pan n.m.

blackness JU-J lif ka'la pahar' n.m. black moun-

tain (fig.) anything huge and dark , terrible
thing j£:Ptf ka'la ffior n.m. great thief
(fig.) dark horse x|>jj*7a7a da'nah n.m. indigo
seed this used as purgative Jsillfka'la dev n.m.

black demon (fig.) huge dark person
ka'la zi’rah n.m- nigella indica seeds I'f'plf ka’la
kar’na v.t. blacken deface scribble on
(paper) vf i PlfO'mUth ka'la kar'na v.t. & i.
forcinate disgrace (someone) by blackening
his face py / >' mufih ka'la ho’na v.i. be dis 7
graced ao something shameful
ka'la kalo't a (or kaloh'ta) jet black if y\f ka'la
kav'vs n.m. raven (fig.) dark person i/lltf
ka’la kav'va kha'ya hai ph. is talkative
jy'l) / ka'la ko”ela adj. jet black
ka’la miiiih ni'le hath pa” oh ph. may he be
cursed to Hell with it Ui'plf ka’la nag n m-
black cobra ^jjtJfkJ-/JiJ(jf‘’tL.lfkale s a' bun mal
kar go're na'hih ho'te a crow cannot become
whiter by washing itself with soap (fil ka' ti
ah'dhi n.f. black storm jtrflf ka'libolg n.f.
great evil ugly dark woman Iffjfff ka'lt
pi'li otikheh kar'na v.i turn red with rage
look threateningly If kali tUl'sl n f basil

w

475

ocymum sanctum &lyf(ft/kali jam' e-rat n.f.
hypothetical day for fulfilment of promise
ka'R eabari anj- black-tongued ; inauspicious
&'ri. n.f. "black cummin seed
‘verusnico’ kalo'tl [or kalofiiti)

ADJ. very black woman Miail 'si n.f.

whooping cough , hiccup lldfji Ska li gka'ta n.f.
dark rain-bearing cloud ominous clouds
kaTt mt'ti n.f. clay slime (esp.
one from dirty pool) &/$Yka'li mir'cb n.f.
black pepper jp'^V'ka'li har n.f. black myro-
balanW.;./ S/fi’lAlfka'li hafi'di sir par dhar’na
v.i, be put to shame Wit ka

ka'ta pa’tX na'hlfi maftgia v.i. it is difficult to
escape a treacherous person’s guiles

ka’lt ke age cb ragh’ na'hihjal'tS v.i. defiance
of a dangerous person is very difficult
ka’te kos n.m. long distance adv. very far
/fyfjtfka'le. ke ka'te ka tut jan'lar na man'lar
prov cobra’s bite cannot be cured by charm or
skill

t ' uka'las.K. property goods and chatties
i- sjJj^'j r .riai gha'me duz'd na afide-

sha e ka'la ph. neither have nor fear loss [P]

A • ..J kalian* am’ ADv/brutish [A ~ like + Jt

f fa) 1>V +^J/animals)

i Jkal'bud sM. (human) body kal'bud-e-.
kka'ki n.m. human body ; mortal coal [A]
jjjjji. jkalboot’ n.m. last ; shoemaker’s last

X® boot-tree [ ~P prec. corr.]

C Jka'lij n.m. col lege kal'j i‘et adj. collegi-

ate [E]

J^ka'lar N.M. collar [E]

/t/ka'lak n.f, blackness lamp-black ; soot
stigma ; stain ; blemish black spot
disgrace mortification ka'lak ka ji'ka

n.m. stain ; stigma ,

Ly/ka'lam n.m. column ka'lam n.m.

| " fifth column fifth columnist [E]
ijl/kam n.m. work task duty job
I * vocation avocation feat crafts-
manship workmanship deed interest
concern VjfcrtfYkam a’khir ho'na vsi. end
(of work) finish L'f (“Ykani a’na v.i. be

killed prove to be of use be used be

well spent be skilled in (some) work Ufj'tffY
kam' at'ka raih'ha v.i. (of soine work) be hinder-
edtjl£f'lf'knm' bi’garna v.t. put a spoke in

(Someone’s) wheel upset (someone’s) applecart

mar something spoil
of li^f/kam' bi'gar'ni v.i..

make a mess
(of someone’s

£L

applecart) be upset (of something) be spoilt
LU; f^kam! bana'na v.i. bring sue e» to)
accomplish something ( V*fYkam' barina
(or banja’na) v.i. succeed ; gam o4e s end
(of something) be accomplished Cr^f > ^ kam' par
laga’na v.t. engage ; get fixed up in some iob
karri par'ns v.t. come into contact
(with) have business (with) fffJyl'fYtBm
pyara ke cfiam' prov. handsome is that hand*
some does V/f*\jriYkam' tamarri kar'na v.t.
kill finish , accomplish Ujf/'lJ'f t Ykam' tqmani
ho'na v.i. be killed be accomplished Cji* f v
karri ckalrina . v.t. manage kart’ (Jyui'oo
adj. enough for the purpose makeshift
temporary (i*(Ykam! dl al'na v.i. be managed

have something going on be a going con-
cern C%fYkam' cha'mok'na v.i. (of some .busi-
ness) flourish, prosper, thrive Clfj&tfykam'
cfiau'pat ho ja'na v.i. (of some business)
collapse be upset jjrfY kam'-^jor’ adj. & n.m.

shirker ; skulker "idler good for-nothing
jbf-Ykam'-dar adj. embroidered f^y^kam! de'na
v.t. be serviceable render good service
wear well provide (someone) work fix
(someone) up in some 'job kam x se -Abv. on
busincss^bf'^j^Y' If' k am se kam a'la ha i prov.
practice makes a man perfect l‘/i ha(y kam"
■ rava ho'na v.i. (of work) get goingl^j
kam seja'la raih'na , Cfj }y / ('tfkam' t 'ka na faih’na
v. i. be no longer of any use be injured
or damaged : beyond .repair
kam! se kam rakk’na (or ho’tia ) v.i. mind one’s
(own) business YfYkam' ka ad;, useful Apv. of
usC'to&tffekam' kaj n.m. job means of
livelihood' business v/'f’Y kam' kar'na v.t. .
do (someone’s) work have effect CifYkand
le'na v.t. use ; make use (of) get work
done (by) get contract (or assignment* etc,
from) ISJ ctifokam' meh la'na v.t. use , put
to usctffc'fV karri nikal'na v.t. get (one's; work
done accomplish one’s desire make use
(of) QryV karri ni’knl'na v.i. (of someone's
purpose) be served prove to be of u*e iVjfy'K
kam! ho ja'na v.i. (of someone’s- purpose) ’be
served die collapse be done with
have some work to do ,

kam’ N.jd. (rare) passion JjfYkam! dev' n.m.

| p Hindu cupid ; god of love and passion Jiiffl

* n ■ Jtr M'r tspitvimf ffipl • u>entnm

worn;

y

kam! -too' pi adj. & n. f. pruriant girl ; wanton
woman ; lascivious lady (8)

kam n.m. object ; intention
desire (rare) palate [P]

purpose

I

476

, i jkamran' adj. successful achieving

O'/ 9 one’s wish(es) Ijfy’X kamra'ni n.f-
success achievement of one’s wish(es) [P~

PREC.J

adj, successful lucky ;

Jlfr' P fortunate achieving one’s wish(es)i£/^'{^
kdm-ga’ri n.f. success good luck ; good
fortune achievement of one’s wish(es)

[p~ TV]

y kam-yab’ adj. successful achieving

* one’s wish(es) passed ; qualifying (an
examination) I'jLfUb'kam-yab' kar'na v.t. give
wccess lofy^Ubkam-yab' ho'na v.i. succeed
pass or qualify (an examination) tjkfv
kam-yabi n.f. success achievement of one’s
wish(es) insan' ke

has meh na'hih prov.- success cannot be com-
manded •^fyP'Jl&j'siL.yZjlSlSkam-ya'bi ke liye
istiqlsl' shar't hai prov. perseverance is the pre-
requisite of success ( kam-yabi
pa'na (or basil karna ) v.i. succeed achieve
one’s object (I'Jikf’bjbxtfyV’kam-ya'bi de'na (or
‘ atd ' kar'na) v.t. give success (to)
kam-yabi mil'na (or myas'sar ana) v.i. succeed ;
meet with success [P~ w ,

L l/ ka'mil adj. (f. or pl. ^ ka'milah) full
U " entire ; complete categorical
decisive learned accomplished perfect
J tftfOlinsa'n-e ka’mil n.m (the Holy Prophet
as) the Perfect Man n.m. (pl. liX kumala) per-
fect people [ A ~ JtX]

n'm n.f. lovely delicate woman [S]

mi/ kamod' n.m. name of a
" mode [S]

nocturnal musical
y/V kan' -kan

kan n.f. mine quarrry „

n.m. miner (f^tfkan'-ka'ni n.f. mining
ka'n-e na'mak n.m. salt mine c
j&ZXihar' ke dax ka'n-e namak' raft namak' shud
prov. whoever goes to see becomes a part of it
ka'n-e mala hat n.f. lovely brunette [P]
r ti/kan n.m. ear (fig.) attention ; heed
C'V (fig.) lesson i'/ t I^Q^katt ash’na ho'na V.i.
be familiar (with voice, etc.) ^ L k'lf ka na-ba' (i
n.f. whisper child’s joke by whispering
loudly into the ears /"^^i’yjkCb'ka'na-b'ali
ka'na-bd'ti kur'r PH. formula whispered in this
joke (fy^C^ka'na-phao'sl n.f. whispher
ka' na-phoo si kar'na v.i. whisper
kan' u're (or pka'u) ja'na v. be deafened by noise
an aiftik'ns (or kas'na) v.t.
twist (someone) cars reprove Of kan baj'ns

1^4

v.i. (of ears) sing ; (of someone) have a sing-
ing in the ears fancy [Lbj^CLXdtfkan' bu(ji-
ya'na, (or daba’na) v.t. (of horse) turn ears back
when preparing to bitcLlA^cJljkan bindhsa'na
v.t. & o. get ears bored <kan' baih're

kar'na v.t. & i. turn a deaf dear (to) ren-
der unable to hear li/ftftfkari bkar'na v.t. poi-
son the ears (of) IV.^K kan' baih'naXA. (of ear)
suppurate ( cXj I ) OfP U^Qf^i^kan' par jooh' tak
na ehal'na (or rihg'na) be heedless not to
take a lesson from be quite unaffected by
V%d*kan' par'na v.i. be heard
kan' pa'.rl a»az! Sana" l na de'na PH. be in* the
midst of a deafening noise Ctiftflfkan' pa' kar'na
v.t. & i. twist one’s ears (fig ) be peni-
tent vow never to repeat the mistake ad-
mit someone’s superiority be obedient be
loyal ; be faithful rfX'jiftXzpl/kan' pak'H laufi'di
ph. very faithful be obedient Cjte^kan'

phar'na V.T. make a deafening pierce the
ear-lobe phji'te ja'na v.i. (of

noise) be deafening pkarpkra'na

v.t. & l- (of dog) jerk the ears (fig),
be alert L'j^fJJftflfkan’ tale kl cbkor'na v.i..
say something scarrilous or unpalable divulge
a secret iCfytfkari jkina'na v.i. be deafened by
noise iVi-xP^lAan' (hot' le ja'na ph. turn a
deaf ear to bjattyifkaii' diked' n a v.t. pierce the
ear lobe U-yH'kan’ daba’na v.i. keep
kan' dhitr'na v.i. listen to ; give or lend one’s
ears to (someone’s words) cXj^kan' rakh'na
v.i. listen ejy.lffjb'kan' ka par’dah n.m. eardrum;
tympanum (CfXl )\>\j'^X-ke kan' kat’na (or
ka'larna) ph. outwit pf ( or ka'non)
kakadteha adj. & n.'m. too credulous (person)
ifyyVkan ka mail' n.m. ear-wax ; cerumen (jX
I'lXkari kkana v.t. pester with too much
noise or talk V/f > kdn ' & jd'ne ki

fur sat na ho'na v.i. be extremely busy
kan’ kka're kar'na x. i. prick one’s ears be
on the alert kan kka're ho'na v.i. be
alarmed oX^kan kkutna ph. be warnedjyb 1 ^
0? kan' kkol' de’na v.t. warn someone^y^V
kan' kkol' kar adv. attentively Qyf^tfkab kkol'na
v.i. open one’s ears warn (someone )
kan' laga'na v.t. listen attentively (to)
overhear (0- kan maror'na (or mal'na)
v.t. twist the ear : reprove (fig.) ^chastise

Ug’tflfkan'-mai'liya n.m. one whose^ profession it
is to clean ears ; earclear meh

avoz' par'na v.i. happen to catch the sound (of)

&

477

(&! t J ban' rneii uftg'll de rakf^nd

(or lend) v.t turn a deaf ear (to}
kali meh bat kaih'na v.T. whisper into (someone's)
cars fan' men bat' m&t'ni V.l . turn a

deaf ear to a pretend not to hear ^ 'J*

kan' men bhi'nak par'nd, jv.i get wind
l‘/fkan' men pa rah bkar'na v.i. pretend not to
hear iS'jf^^dksn' men phooftk'na vt. whisper
into the ears (of) (flg.) set (someone) against
meit tel' dal' ke jo raih'na
v.i. be attentive - pay no heed at all
0 O * tfZfkari melt jkin'jhi kau'ri dal'na become
slave (of) men dal'na v.T. inform ;

to warn kan' meh AM bajdna v.t,

din into the ears" (of) L'^j'j^jj/ijjlk'kan' (or
ka'non ) men ras' par'na v.t. hear a musical
voice have an ear for music
Ojrkad (or kanoh) meh ras' gkol'na v.i. speak or
sing in a very sweat voice 'uCtjjV'iJdV'

kan' (or kanofi) men roo"i tbont' n& v.i. plug
one’s ears (fig. ) pay no heed (to) disregard
L'lf> i^lfkan' na htla'nd v.i. be docile (fig)
not to raise one’s little finger
kt noti par hath-' dhar'na (or rakh'na) v T.
refuse disclaim deny feign ignorance
l\f ka'non ke par'de pha'teja'na

v.i. '(of noise) be deafening
ka'noh kan kfia'bar na hdna v.i. not at all to leak
ouiCkbS^^jlfkanon men kha’takna v.i. (of word,
etc.) sound unfamiliar be cocophanous
nan men ung'liyan de'na v.i. be in
attentive ; turn a deaf ear to Ljftflfkan' ho'na
v.i take a lesson (from). be warned
. /kan N.F crookedness (in cloth, bed, etc.) (jD
Wkao nikal’na v.t. straighten i'lS’ipt'kan'
nikalva'nm\. T. get straightened
1 * 1 /' kaf/ta., lt/Ykan'xd {F.'jSka'm,(fs l Skah'ri) adj.
*>7 & n.m. one-eyed < person) having rotten
kernel blemished defective»,»(,|,‘Klta'na
par'd ah n.m. ‘purdah’ not fully observed 'Uij'Stf

I yJfj ka'nt kf tk‘ tag jivt’ prov. one-eyed
person is always mischievous
i %y kamp n.m. rib (of umbrella) ■

K P curved rib (of paper-kite ) Ml
i^^/ketmp'na, ZefLrtfkamp uth'na v.i Wj.

shake ^

t^r/kimp'

“ tremble shiver
rock quake

fct/kSii'ta n m thorn fork quill
9 bone (of fish) fishinghook
balanee tongue of balance fur (on tongue)
hand (for pulling something out) uri-
palateable remark au|, lean , thin I'jf&’tfkah'a

efciibh,o' na v.t. prick with a thorn^ C&l'k'V
kanta fa hkatak' na v I. rankle Wkanta

lag'rta v i be pricked by a thorn MlsV'kshftt
mar'na v.i. strike with spur Or wing
kaii'ta m'kal ja'na v i. be freed from pain
no longer to rankle kaii'ta ho'na v.i. be a
thorn in the flesh of l Ifjf, sookh kar

kaii'ta ho ja'na v.i. become lean l )jsjplfknnton
par lot'na v,i. suffer pain lie on a bed of
thorns Ij^fy^VAan' ton par khen&na,
kan'pn meh tfiasil'na v.t. pull (someone’s) leg ;
praise (someone) too much f j/ ed—d'ijjSj!' SliJ^
ki’sl ke haq met kan te bo'na v.i. sow the seed of
trouble for someone (S S) kah'te men

tul'na (or tul' kar bik'na) v.i. sell at the price of
gold ; be very valuable
.Si/kafiji n.f. pickled carrot gruel

^ • f ^

v Si/kan'ji hauz n.m. cattle 1 ook - u pUjj'jfffl
U S') S iSm kafi'ji kanz band kar'na v.t.

impound (cattle, etc.)

> l/kanch. k.f. glass protrusion of rectum
fyv j)tfkandi.' m’kalna v.i, (of rectum)
protrude ''Ulffclfkahck nikal'na v.t. give (some-
one) his gruel 7

| kaiidha n m. (dial for kjSft )

| bj^kan'ra ADJ. (same as (,V it)

kahura’

tbj^kan'ra N.M.

S

name of a musical mouv

M^kahs'tebal n m constable (fjS'V'kunsttb'lari
n f. constabulary [EJ
kah'si n.f- bronze • bell-metal

JUtskan'farans n.f conlerencSSi/jddkan farafit
U/* kar'na v t. hold a conference plot!
intrigue [E]

r^C‘^/kafikk'na v.i groan while carrying load* or
P evacuating bowels
ijf'jf^kang' ras n f. Congress [E]

t(dj;\jkahg'il n k. (dial) portable
*' ^ Kashmir stove ; wicker-work
covered chafing bowl
\tSkativar n.m. (with pf v.)
jaundice fy/jV/ka kativar , l,
ho'na v.t. suffer from jaundice S/’A
iidra adj. non-plussed

^^^^cinoon' n.m. stove fA)

kanmkt'than k.f. convocation [EJ

7Ji

Jkfivjtfjl/kav’ hat n.f. delving deep dili-
^"gent search meditation {P-cU^ffclig]
i jka'xa n.m. lounging (a horse) Cj Ud’kn'vS
de'na v.T. lounge (a horse)

adj. awkward hollow [P]

jka'vish n.f. inquiry research
wfv scratching one’s head when puzzled
animosity [P]

1 t/ka'vah n.m. name of a legendary national
7 " hero of Persian (jkitfkaviysni adj. of Kavah
daraf'sh-e kavij/am n.m. ancient Persia’s
liberation flag [P]

suf. consuming [P]

tl/kak n.m. (shortened as Ykah) grass hay
tV'j'rpa'r-e kati n.m. blade of grass
pa'r-e.kah' ke bar.a'bar adv, least ; in, the least
amount [P]

< rV krthith n.f. waning decline pin-
* ing wear and tear [P~y^lfj
Li/ka'hil adj. lazy ; indolent slothful
Utr slow ; tardy n.m. (pl. Jj l/kava'hil ) shoulders
iZftfitfka'hil vujood’, sjrJI&tfka hil-ul v jood''
adj. & n.m. lazy fellow kahili n.f. lazi-
ness ; indolence sloth tardiness
Ci ft' ka' fall kar'na (or se kam' le'na ) v.i. be
lazy ; be indolent be slothful show tardi-
ness [A]

jt.ka'hin n.m. (pl. ka’hanah) soothsayer

CvP wizard [A] >

+Zs l/ k3 , ’Bfif N.M. Count jr*jif'ka''ufilais n.f,
Countess [El

y^ka’hoo n.m. lettuce [P]
adj. grass-gfeen

I /kahi'dah adj. waned gaunt/ofl^

Ajtf v txks'j/ioi v c wanintr gauntness [P «•

I (/ N - T '» state > condition body

* * t jf Jjlfi /la'fat ja'no v.r. undergo
a radical change (use for the better) have a
new Xooki^Wka'ya ka'lap n.f. rejuvenation [S]

(/ ka yasth. n.m. a Hindu caste wellknown
for their knowledge of Persian during the
Moghul rule ; ‘Kayasth’

Y kub n.m. iiump hunch (of plaster)
stick out or up ni'kalna v.i.

be hunch-backed (of plaster) stick up (from
the wall, etc.)

/ kab adv. when : at wliat time how
■* m Y’ in what manner < tab' tak, (arch.
idki—S kab' ta'lak) adv. how long ; for how
Tong till when y'kab' se, tfi—Skab' ka

adv. since when since how long long

enough ; long since ; since long
j . Y kabab’ N.m. grilled mince adj. grilled

• r burnt out {/ kabab* kar'na -v.t.

gril (fig.) hum (with rage, every or love)
disconfit lyf yhabab' ho'na v.i. be grilled
burn ;_be consumed with rage, etc. be

chagrined Lfj^l/kabab' chi' at n.f. wild clave ;
cubcb ; piper cubeb jU'kaba’bi adj. grilled
mince vendor [ ~ A)

iL Y kabat’ n.m. pl. high-ups very impor-

• tant personalities l v.t. & Ps. digratanes
adj. great [A~ sino.^j/^ |

j,. /kibaf n.m. broken furniture second-

!X, hand stuff lumber ilrjl/ kaba'r'-kha noh

n.m. lumber-room iSjX kaba'ri, \fj\Y kaba'riya

n.m. dealer in secondhand stuff
✓ /kdba'ir n.m. pl. deadly sins ; mortal sins
[A — sing. e^Y\

m ( tidbit ' n.m. eulogistic limmeric (improvised
by minstrels) [ ~ S

jj'ka'bid N.M. (pl. jiti akbad’) liver [AJ *

* b /kabttd’.div.F. a popular

tani game j resembling
prisoners’ base or (bant) ; ‘kabaddi’ /U

CxX (f2/kabod'4i khtl'na v.i. V \ «

j ki'betr n.m. old age being advanced
A (age) ^j^kahir-*™*' n.m. being advanc-
ed iii years ; old age (A]'

Skih', n.m. pi idc ; consort : haughtiness

A digniiy (AJ ,

.ft ah'ri adj. spoiled piebald IfZchU-
l/t iab'ra adj. piebald

/k/bait! n.m. pl; high-ups ; grandees -, dig-
1/7 qharwtf ; V.I. P’s. (A-,/)

universe creatures
ssion stock , prestige

■kAt* kab'dagi n.f. waning gauntness [P ~

( 3 \)

y jka'hiko adv. why what for ;
wherefore

•- /Jka'inat' n.f. universe creatures

creation ; possession stock , prestige
worth [A~

Xi/ j/i/kji'eh ka"e1i n.f. caw,(of crow)
CCP(JU 9 confused noise vYcC ^
ka''fb kar’na v.i. caw

/.yta'lN.F. alga moss -lickeji mould
()P hphat jana v.i dis-

perse scatter
^jfflka 'iyah adj. crafty

479

. Yu*'.** major proposition of a I ***&>*£*£•****■’■

h/ k » • ma ior 3 elder (or eldest) being gnef stricken [PI /

9/* syllogism, major , adj.. (f. or pl. ^ )

one adj. great dder or eldest J /iSMT J immense n.m. (pl. y: - - 7'

su&ra kvb’ra mUraftab kdr'na v.t. .& o. forma Y ^ « important , personality ‘

syllogism Map- ftafilA- N.M. name of a synthetic Ihdor a istan

magnificence Mag^ M u .. VoK; , ^JkafA, -Pabthi n.m.

by large
kii'bari ,

?*&«>*’ n.m. magnificence Mag-

nificent (as an attribute of God)^^
kibrija''i- n.f. magnificence grandeur

^ ^/kibrit' n.m. sulphur ; brimstoneyf^y/^
kibri't-e ah'mar n.f, red sulphur

^“1-. («• *Y*»rt >-”t

1^7 backed or hump-backed (person) , hunch

ba /VAa6'^N.M a kind partridge ; P heasant
tfjjcjfkab'k-e da'rl n.m. highland ot
parttidge of ‘lovely plumage ; snow pheasant
l&jJfrkab'k-raftar' adj. graceful in motion
&C>jJifkab'k.rafta'ri n.f. graceful motion [A]

.. /kabootar n.m. pigeon jlyyfkaboo lar-baz
SX n.m. (dep.) pigeon-breeder one fond
of pigeon-flying tfltfsfkaboo’tar-bS O n.f.
(der.) pigeon-breeding pigeon-flying

{Sflj/kaboo'tar-e ba'm-e ha'ram n.m. picture

Ung abode on Holy M&’S** . W

patth N.M. name ot a symneu. —
creed founded by Kabir ^Jkabv -pafithi n.m.

follower of this creed [A ~ ]

fkabi'sah ad j . intercalary ^ J * sa c “
kabi'sah n.m. intercalary year [A]
^j'kupnM. stack

f/kup'pa n.m. leathern ml-

Jy container adj. bloated j jyy?

x'y? < l/ pfaol' kar ki, P'P s ho i s ' ns

vj. * 9 grow very fat; put on flesh

be bloated be swollen > ; , ,

.. /kapas' n.f. cotton ^ kapas et na
U if (or bel'na) v.t. & o.- given cotton^lj^/LT
.Vj/l/kapas' (ot'ne)ka karkha'nah n.m. cottop-
. ginning factory
»/kaptari n.m.
dent of Police
j captain’s rank [E[.
j, /ka'pat km-'

‘—’m. malice

Captain Superinten-
S;P. kaptani n.f.

t . emnity ; animosity

fjrrt jyi nautiu — - r ■ ff „ \ malice fraud \i£jJZ>Ska'pa$ rakk'na v.r.

Ung abode on Holy Ka'aba’s r^ftop ^ malice adj. false ; insincere;

one unaware of others troubl ^Lnf hU^O^, hvp0 critical malicious fraudulent (person)
A I'Ay/lj/kunad' ham-jin's ba ham-jin s parval . (contR. of foll. *)

kaboo'tar bakaboo'tar bat ba oat ™
the same feather flock together >

kha'no/, n.m. pigeon-house ; dove-cote^
Taboe'tari n.f. , dove; female pigeon (rare)
village dancer (P] . .

/kabood' adj. & n.m. sk y- blue ; blue •
PS? azure cerulean frZdiar kjx-e kabood
N M sky ; the heavens ; firmament (fig.)
fa te (f>jSkaboo'di adj. sky-blue; blue ; azure

cerulean [P] ^

■^{'ka-'bhoo adv. (arch.) (same as £T* ★/

y ia'Ml ADV. . sometimes seldom
(/T rarely ka'bfa to'lah kabU m'-

thahvi i. inconstant whimsical; capricious

V'jrka'bhi ka adv..

' J/kop’ra n .m. cloth piece of cloth

I/t g

kdp Ta N.M. cioui v*

garment fryrfO&W ^ meh na sam “ nd

v. t. be very happy ; not to contain, oneself for
joy Ly<£-O># ka P' r0f ‘ Je bo'naA'l^fkop’re a'm

vi, mensturate ; have the menses kap re
nm. pl. clothes IjCl^kap’re utar'na v.t. & o.

take off one’s clothes ; doff change clothes
lAttJ/kap’re paihan'na v.t. & 0. put on clothes;
doii ; dress; change clothes jtf\#kaprahkd\X*%
... . . i • n ^ A 1l nf Kiirnintr cloth

whimsical ; capnemu. tyFLf v .,. lhivet membk

■ “T“3VS l&ZiL shake qu,

ince long jUr j /C' ka hi .sjCf kab'kai* n.f. shiver tremb-

,'Mi adv. attunes kapaha\, (ft? jrfVft VT

lmg shudder C+StfZkap'kapt mrkna v.t.

shiver with cold nave a fit of ague
..fkapoof n.m. prodigal disobedient

son [~ <y +fcS^l /

Ckapoor' n.m. (dial.) camphor (fjj$ kapoo *
JK. adj. milkrwhite ; white-like camphor (also

ago long since ; since

kahUr\ Mbto ka'bhi adv^

nowand then ; occasionally itftka bhs na
kablH' adv. sometime or other once in a
■while for once at least

/ kabk'dah. adj. aggrieved ; afflicted
(rare) folded , crumpled^'u/ kabi'da-
kja'tir adj. aggrieved ; grief-stricken

u

480

&

n.m.) a kind of white betel leaf [S]

I / kapoo'rs n . m . testicle (as part
of mutton)

kip' pi n.f. metallic bottle
leathern bottle [ ~ (/ dim]
r*/ kills N.M. (f. p> k'ul'ya) dog trig-
ger spring of gun-lock mean person
^ri^./pp^ji&kut'ta-bhi dim hits' -kar baith'ts
hai prov. even animals like to keep then abade
clean q — kut'ts-ghas n.f. a kind of frag-
rant but barbed grass iC kit'te ‘khs'nah
N.m. a kennel for dog(tf*ljtf^2Ckit'te kha'si
(or khas'mi) n.m. useless boring work -y'.
kSt'te^ka kata adj. bitten by dog dog-bite
tSxl- & ^ zCkut’te ks kut'ta bai'ri prov. colleagues
tend to become rivals J/tfZCkut'te ks ka'fan n.m.
(W. dial.) (der.) coarse cloth \jrf ’(f ' fpL
kut'te ko gki tmz'm nahifi ho'ts prov. a mean
person will always give himself outfjJ^kit'u
ki dim adj. mean ^ malicious /_// '<£-

iffr (f b£ji£(/ kit'te ki dim ko bs'rah

ba'ras ml'ki ' men rak'khs phir’u'rhl ki te'rh I
prov. what is bred in the bone will never come
out of the flesh kut'te /si j« hu'rak
ith'ns prov. have a sudden passion for some evil
act £t~Vj33&Jn$Jf*J£f$£/fS<£ki( 'te ki mau t
s' (i hat to mas'jid ki tarqf daur'ts hai prov. destiny
drives one to death t,/CS(fe£ kit'te ki maut mar'na
v.i. die a dog’s d eath be killed like a
dog ,

^jffkitib' N.M. (pl. ku'tib) book _

» ^ (rare) letter (/\^/Q'kita'b-e ils'ht,<- T 'tljle'f
ssma'm kitab n.f.. revealed book , holy book
scriptures j^e<^Okitsb' ks ki'rs n.m. bookworm
uJtfjjjdar'si kitab' n.f. text-book^ jy.'Cf kits' bat
n.f. .calligraphy copying (},{/ kits' bi adj.

theoretical (learning) book (lore, adjust-
ment, etc.) (ofjace) oval, oblong 0/fC$ 0^
kits'bi cpeh'rah, too" e-kits' bi n.m. lovely

oblong face /^cf'kils'bi 'il'm n.m. bookish
knowledge (hence) lack of worldly experience
ly' kata’ ra N.M. (dial, for n.m. It)

katsn n.f. fine linen [A]

t*{Y hats' na v.T. cause to spin J l^Aaia”* n.f.

spinning remuneration for it [ ~ fcJV

caus.]

~ /ku'tib n.f. pl. books ^ ^/ku'tib-
. kha’nah n.m. library (rare) bookshop
ku'tub-Jirosh’ n.m. book seller tf"/? ‘7-*"^
kutib'-firo'sht N.p. book trade (A ~ sing. i~>(X ]

kat'bah n.m. epitaph ' inscription

plaque

kat-khv'ds, (rare Sji/ kad-khuda) adj.

I yy married bridegroom head of
family / j/' kal-khida'i, JjU*" / kad-khida't
n.f. marriage [P]

j., ^Skatrs'nS v.i. dodge evade avoid

* 1/ leave the high road take to by-paths
slink away (from) edge away Of j' pi
katrs' kar chains v.i. cut the society (of)

desert one’s companion
|. ka tarns v.t. cut pare prune
V trim Csjiyf ka’tar biyoftl' N.F. cutting

out (clothes) cuts emendations kat'ran

n.f. cutting clipping paring yjika'larrii

n.f. scissors ; pair of scissors jb/ka' larvsh adj.
sidelong (walk, move, etc.) away
ki'tams v.t, gnaw

^jJ^kq'tif n.m. (pl. i^Olakisf) shoulder [A]

cP*“ 'tat n.f. brickbat

kut'ks , Uj/khut'ks n.m. baton

j? kat'm n.m. veil concealment (*£

| kat'nre ‘a' dam n-M. non-existence
kitmsn' n.m. concealment keeping sccj
ret [A] >

.-S kilns adj. (pl. '2L kit'ne F. 0 kit' Hi)
how much how many many : several

adv. how ; how very . 'very (f t t£> kilns hi
adv. a lot ; a great deal conj. howsoever , how-
evermuch ^i~j^'t}!;^Ckil'ne ps'ni me h hat (etc.)
prov. how shallow he (etc.) is (I know)
his depth

.••/ kat'ns v.i. be spun 1*1/' katos'na v.t.

^ get spun cause to spin [ ~ b'V]
l*/ kilns v.’t. be estimated

katos'na v.t. cause to spin f ~ fc'V caus.]

ka'ths n.f. Hindu sermon traveller’s
tale someone’s boring tale of woes
ka'ths bakhs'na v.t. tell traveller’s tale
, «/ kat’ths, kai'tkah n.m. catechu ; ‘terra
^ Wponica’

ka'tkak n.m. boy playing female dan.
cer's role caste of dancers JS]
i«J kut'ys n.f. female dog bitch [~m. l/j

tragacanth clipper
gohd n.f. tragacanth gum

1 kati'rs n.i
]/Z kati'rs go

^J'kit n.m. name of a vegetable yielding a die

I ^ ( kat n.f. cut . deduction j^fA&tptes' ».»,
cut-piece [E]

* b { kat n.m. black colour adj. black adv. jet
^ (Mat*)

f } ( ka* v.i. imp. of 1 2> it biting cutting
being hacked I'Wutfket kha'ni adj.
addicted to biting n.m. (user. as pl.) broken
letter (as copying pattern, etc.) (der.) help-
books Ojj'kat mas' la adj. & n.m. fat (per-
son) rough ; tough ; hoodlum [~ iff ]
y ( kat pref. wood hard hidebound
^ '(■at-pUt'ti, J^jZfkofirput'li n.f.

' puppet (fig.) stooge adj. not enjoying real
power kat-hxtj'jati n.m. quibbling

silly argument quibber > kat-mul’la n.m.

hedge-priest hide-bound religious man
^ kut'ta n.m. pigeon with trimmed wings

kat'ta adj.' (same as yf kat' far ★>

\4?kska'td-&ka'ni, G chhanl n.f.

clash; enmityUjy jft/ka'ta ehia'm raih'na
v.i. (of enmity) exist (between)

^^kafar' n.m. dagger

i n.m. tamarind seed thin

V ^ sugarcane globe thistle large dagger
ifj if kata' ri n.f. dagger

.•.k/kata’na, I’lyf katva'na v.t. cause to cut
v cause to bite ) if kata" o n.m. cutting

cut slash pattern floral pattern
undulating pattern ^^/kata't n.f. harvest
harvest time reaping harvesting re-
muneration for it [ ~ iff]
j>/ kat’ tar, \ff kat'ta adj. bigoted hide-
y bound

Jrfjr/'ka'tar kn'tar n.f. munching ; munching
// fONO]

.^k/kat'rTi n.m. .young male buffalo
/ market; mart compound quadrangle
lj^}f kat'r* n.f. young female buffalo
small mart compound quadrangle
> 6f kat' kat n.f. nibbling l •Ji^j/kat kat
kat'ta v.i. nibble *

dir *«tttia'«d v.t. grind (one’s teeth) C&HsPtf
" datit knkita'rti v.t. & o. grind one’s
teeth (fig.) fret and fume (L'fiijiktJ^kuf'ki
it na (or lagd'na) v.t, biting edge of
(sting, e|c.) [onoI

t/** ’las n.m. cutlet [ ~E corr.)

ijkf kat'rta vj. be cut be cut oft’ be
snapped be clipped be deducted
(of time, etc.) pass (of kite) suffer defeat
(of bank, etc.) be washed away (of canal) be

taken out (of colour) fade out (of name)
be struck off be abashed ; be put ta shame
* kit' na v-t. be pounded (j if]

*.y/ kut’n a n.Mv pimp ; pander ; procurer i iX
kutnapa n.m. pandering '$&/ kitna"l n.f.
procurer’s wages gf kQt'm n.f. bawd ; pro-

cures

katau’B n.f. discount deduction

jar kata’ m n.m. metallic bowl adj. (dial.)
ijjr flourishing (town, etc. \jjf kata’ ra

baj'ns (or kha'nakna) v.i. (arch.)

(of water) be offered by water-
carriers be a thriving town
(CifokjCl/dfjfkato'fa pkira'na- (or
daura'na) v . t . guess criminals names
(by occult means through rotating
a bowl and drawing Jots from it kata' ri

n.f. small metallic bowl .

jtf kadi pref. woody^Jrkati-bati'dkan, as
JP kath- put'll N.r. (same as J* jftt.r. (see

under

wcod-pccker [ - ^rjf'coNTR.l
XtkYkuiha'k n.f. melting pot ,

0^ erucible

. jpj kataih'ra n.m. railing
l/t raised piece at head (or foot)
of bed

■p^fkatk'r a n.m. wooden trough
Jgjka'tliin adj.

cP/

jkfkathor' adj. callous relentless cruel

y^Xj&ka&ar' ta n.f. (dial.) callousness
kjtut'ti n.f. chapped fodder anything

0 chopped to small nieces pickles snapp-
ing friendly ties kar'na v . t . snap

friendly ties (with) chop to small pieces
^iit’ya (dial, jjf *B't») n.f. cottage

^tfkat'ya n.f. young female buffalo fish-

ST ing llbok a kind of hook-like ear-ring
.tfkaxay’ya n.m. a kind of thistle (dial. )

XT butcher f~ tVl .

>^*ajl7a adj. (f. katfk) piercing
(harp-edged charming ifitC kat'tt log'na

granary lime-kiln
hard ; difficult

arduous

* Aj

482

<£

v.i. be misappropriated (by). \f\f ]
~ift£asa'fal -VK- grossness impurity
^dansivy opaqueness [A]
m u/kas'rot N.F. plenty excess ; abundance
,m ^r majority bulk Zlj&^fkas' ral-e ra'e

n.f. majority of- votes majority opinion
^-Op^as'ret sc adv. amply , abundantly
plentifully in a large measure tjj Ojrfba-
kas'rat ho'ni,^ &-£yfkas'rat sc ho'na v.i.
abound : be found in abundance [A]

,*fkasir‘ adj. many multifarious much

ample copious abundant plenti-
ful pref. multi- poly jf^ilj^kasi'r-ul-

isU'mil' ADJ. widely used i^0l / fkasi’r-ul-azli 1 ’
N.F. polygon, kast r-Ul-al' sinah ADJ.

polyglot f y jfkaAr’ -toxin adj. too much ; too
many (Jyjjjfiasi'r-ul-'iyql’ ADJ. one having a
family £)j\J/kasi'r-al viqoo *' adj. frequent ;
of frequent occurrence {A~ oJC]

, *ff kasif adj. dense ; impure ; opaque ;

** gross untidy dense opaque
kas'f-ttt lab" adj. • untidy _ (person) (one)
with unclean habits [A
f kaj adj. curved crooked awry

£/ oblique cross unfair fraudulent
wrong perverse pref. ill mat bljfkaj-
ndt,' adj. ill-mannered cross perverse
Jjljl £kaj-ada"i n.f. perverseness; perversity
crossness in manners being ill-mannered
kaj-baih's adj. quibbler jf&kaj-baih'si
n.f. quibble > quibbling (jTf£kaj-(jiash' m

adj. squint-eyed £ koj-khiil’ q adj. surly ;

ill-tempered rude jz/*)jb£kaj da r-o-ma-rez!
Hi. tantalizing tantalization^-/y^ia/-

ti"t adj. pigheaded * perverse^ tj£kaj-
ra M i n.f. perversity J\Sj£ kaj-raftar, 3 j£ kaj-rau
adj. unprincipled , perverse irregular

motion# ji»;£ kaj raftar1,# } ;£ kaj-ra'il n.f.
being unprinciple of perversity irregular
motion walking in ungodly ways f?£kaj-
Jaih'm adj. wrong-headed person £kqj-faih'mi
n.f. wrong-headness ti/fkaj-kulnh' adj.
(one) with hat acock ; foppish sovereign n.m.

fop ; bean (fig.) sovereign #ftff'£kej-kula'tu
n.f wearing one’s that acock foppery ;
dandyism (fig.) sovereignty c koj'-maj
zab*n'„ tfy? ££ kaj'-maj barin' adj. & n.m.
(one) lacking felicuy of phrase ; (one) having
no command of language Ji>£koj-na ' car adj.
envious malignant #jii£kaj-na'zar\ n.t.
envy malioe j[^£kaj-nehad' At>j. ill-najured
'Jjls£ kaj-nthi'di n.f. being ill-natured f ka'jl

mean

n.f. crookedness perversity Otf'&ka]'-
niknl'rta v.t. straighten set (someone)
right [P] >

if kuja ADV. where whither pjlaz k j~d'
m ph. whence IP]

a* tfkijal' ad). yjM.) of low caste

^ X. base-born [ - . <f 4- »2lr]
if kaja'vah n.m. (camel’s

.saddle litter for camel’s
back [P] .

i .f kajkol' n.m. (same as Af* ,

Of? n.m. it)

, fka'jal , of kaj' la n.m. (rus. or
(J? dial. )_ (same as (tftfir)

- / kajl&'na v.i. become tawny

be about to be extinguish

(of fire)
(of coals)

smoulder “jjfkajlau'tl n.f. oollyrium snuffers
< if kajtl ban n.m. elephant forest

Ujf-

a'j\ n.f. (see under f adj. -jf)

immature

iron

/'kach pref. raw unripe

Qc \ jfkach-ld ha n.m. untempered
kacli-la'hoo n.m. mixture of blood and pus [ —
CONTR.] / "S

if kach' (bd, (f ft kach ’chi) adj. raw
I? unripe half-done uncooked unbak-
ed (flour or brick) (of colour) not fast
fading away weak crude immature
abortive inexperienced green un-
developed rough not finalized sub-,

standard allyed gross young fl
Icach'cka bafts n.m. green bamboo docile
kach'cka pak'ka adj. half-cooked
halfbaked half-done partially clay-built
not finalized (jfLcjl) ka&&* ta'ga (ot
dka'gah) n.m. weak thread' (fig.) weak ties
tV Iz v kadh’cjta t&abi'jana v.t. eat raw
be very harsh (on) ^If^/jfka^'^tiparja'ni v.i.
put to shame ff'kach' fa-pan N -«- unripeness
inexperience '^\£ n.m. (arch.)
ingot used in place of pice fka&shi
takhni'nah n.m. rough estimate \SSj\f ka&ck*
chit'tka n.m. (arch.) rough account' (fig.),
whoie story (of) (fig.) evil designs (of)
iC'kach'chi chit'ika su'na’na n.m. disclose the
evil designs (o{)#)t>lf kach' chi doo<ti »-m. un-
boiled milk jfrb' fkach’&a salk n.m. company

of ladies and children family comprising

small children ser n.m..* weigh'

sub-standard 'seer ’ off ka&ehi kar at v.t.
baste put: to shaifi* ssi'nd N.t

483

temporary’ post none hereditary tenant
tJ*Cl(£kaeh'&l tin n.f. unbaked brick
ka/Ji'cfai pe'M prelminary hearing <f r kach' chi
sa'rak n.f. unmettalled road ; ‘kutcha’ road fa
fakach'dil «/a"i n.f. .basting / (f.ka<£cl\
‘fim'r n.f. tender age gg, kack'ch* ka'li.n.t.
new bud budding young girl I'jjg o„kack'chi
ka'll toot'va v.i. die at a tender age . (of
virginity) be lost at early age U/(£kach'ehi
go'liyat khtl'ni v.i. -(fig.) be inexperienced
Jgt > ko"i kach'&i go'liyat
rn'hlfi kke’le ph. we are not inexperienced
<£• ka(h'(fri gha’ri met adv. in a short while
ka&'fhe pak'kt din^i^kach'cke din n.m. *plT
first half of pregnancy ^period rainy season,

(as making one more susceptible to disease
jk ZJf hadi'cbe bats' ji'dhar jhuka"o

jh.uk ja'le hait prov ..bend a twig while it is young
L‘ £c£~kach ' (h e ta'ge (or dha’ge)
met batdht a'tta PH. come submissively
Vy.kack'chegka'Teparii bhar'na, Vjt
pans ke kadi' the ghare bhar'na ph. undertake a
difficult task show servility (to) $

CisJ&kach' (tt gha're (met) part bharva'na ph.
make (someone) undertake a difficult task force
(someone) to servility kach'ohe gha're

ki chaih'na v.i. be tipsy ^ {f ka&ahtd n.f. tang
of unripeness

ijjkacba'loo n.m. yam boiled potatoes

* Z; mixed with citricjuice
J'* e /kifb‘pi(b, &§ khi&P'dt adj. milling
& O' (crowd, etc.) n.f. sound of walking in
slush (ono.) y

. / kacb'ra adj._(f. kath' ri) ( of musk-melon,
^/•i etc.) notjullyripe

/" / ka'&ar ka’char n.f. sound made in chew-
/*/%: ing raw food ( ~ prec. ono. )

''ka'fbar khan n.m. numerous small

4 children (esp. of same parents)

kiffo kifb (or ka& katb) n.f. chitchat
noise altercation
// kct&qk n.f. stroke (of sword) (fig.)
wound

•//kicfiki^ia'na *.T. grind (one’s teeth)
grind one's teeth ; firet and fume

(ouo.)

Auka&'ktA, n.m. (same as JjZi/s.M. if)

UJ % y

. /ku’tbal'na, ku'&al Wna v.t.

trample crush ku'fbal (or

fafb'fa) ja'ta v.i. be trampled be crushed

ka^-lo’ha n.m. (see under £ frff-

^ kucb'iah n.m. nuxvomica

kach la'hoo n.m. (see under £
yfv / pref. *)

kkch'li N.F. fang

tooth ; canine tooth
luf'kach'n&r n.f. tiee yielding'
buds used as vegetable buds',
g /kachau'ri n.f. fried saltish cake
Ojif fjf^iSj^ku^au'n se gif'
n.m. pi., chubby cheeks
y/kacho'ka n.m hit of sward)

v Jmj piercing thrust (fig.)

wound (fig.) censure

/ kachoo'mar ti.u. chopped mango pickle
Sy-t something chopped to bits ("//'/

kachoo'mar kar'ni V.T. chop to bits
kachoo'mar nikat'ni v.t. (beat) black and blue
Skuchh! adj. any some whichever

whatever n.m. something anything

y £ kiichh' to adv. little n.m. something
at least '&j£k iichh thika’na hai ph. how

wonderful to what length tyu d'lfkitJUjfkuM
dal men kata ka laho'na v.t. (of something) befishy
kuch h door’ na'hih ph. quite .possi-
bly it is not very far away
kuchkso'na kho'ta ki&h stnar' kk^jS prov. we
stand to lose in any case I'y^jZ-^kitchb se
kiichh.' ho na, tyj/- V. j£ kU(b$ ki kidhj, ho’tia
v.i. undergo a radical - change j£j£kifh hL
kiichh adv. almost somewhat
kUchh. kar' d> na v.t. dp something cast a
spell on CJ l f^kidi kha lend v.t & O.
take something take poison
kUckhkho' ke sikk'na v.t. gain valuable expe-
rience through some loss kiichh' na

poo'chho ph. it defies all description ; it is too
good for words use. your own imagination
and do not ask me jfj£ki^ih' ho adv. come
what' may whatever may happen

kUchh ho' j&'na v.i. become somethlhg be
possessed ku^h ho' raih'ni v.t. (of

something) to pass (of something decisive)
happen J^kuchk hi ka'ro ph. do what you

mav^jrjo' kiidik prov. whatever ; whatsoever
jfi^ssab' kbchh adv. everything

n.m. (same as I^'n.m. ★)

/kachhar' jH.u.

■S?* side lair

moist low land by river

484

/k-a&aih’ rt n.f. law-court , court of. law
OJ^C <§/'* kofhaih'ri n.u. District Gourts ;
Cutchery Vy;0'\r4(fs£kathaih'H-bar' kfmst ho net
v.i. (of court) rise kadi aih'ri dtor'ka'na
v.t. brine an action (someone) ; go to the court
Q^^lS^kodt.aih'rl v.i. appear before

the court (L'&lj pjfj^kadiaih' rt kar' ns (or
tags'ns) v.i. hold a court ; try cases in court
U k ‘* 'ni n.u. kadl'ni n.f. short drawers

l

/ka&£ vs n.M. (f. tfy^kadjh! ?i) tortoise ;
turtle kt dpi n .F. slow

speed adv. very slowly ; at snail’s pace
^^ks&ys n.m. ear-lobe

"? /kadiya'na v.t. feel shy lose heart
* ifc ** frightened t£sl/kadiys'hat n.f. fear
bashfulness "* /

tj koh'l n.m. antimony collyrium
V koh'l-il java'hir n.m. collyrium prepared
with pearls [A)

I i/kahkal n.m. eye-specialist ; opthalmolo-

0 * gist CA]

/ tad pref. house jljf'kad-ba'no n.f. (lit.)

mistress of the house fjrSkad-khuda' n.m.
tyjjjT kad-khida”i n. f. (see under /^adj. if)
/ kad n.f. effort ; endeavour persistence
Jf importunity HJjf kad kar'na v.t. try
hard ; make an effort ; endeavour urge.; im-
portune kad' d-o ks’vish n.f. diligent

search persistent effort [A)

I i / kids' rs n.m. name of a musical mode ;
‘kidara’

li/kidat n.m. pickaxe Jf/ r

kids' li n.f. mattock
Cl fkfids'ns V - T - cause (horse,

^ etc.) leap dance (child) on
knee ; dandle %lyf'kads"i n.f.
leaping (of horse) prize awarded for it
(- (Vcaus.]

raVir adj. muddy ; turbid impure [A]

~//ki' dakns v.i, leap ; jump frisk ; gam-

■ ■ hoi /iuf kodak’ r a n.m. leap gambol

ty$P A dJ/J kidak’re mar’ta pkir’nS v.i.
leap about frisk about caper
'ku’dam n.m. a kind of tree

rt

/ kad'doo (lit. or ped. ka'doo) n.m.
pumpkin goura
bottle ZtjJjf kad’doo-danah n.m.
intestinal worms J kad’doo-kaA

n.m. grater

/kUdoe'rat. n.f. ill-will bad-blood

resentment

(rare) muddiness •;

turbidness [A — Jt / )

ka'dah suf. house ; abode centre (of)

jp /ki'dkar adv. where ; whi ther
/ ki'dhar ja’’ooh kya ka'rooh int. to be or not
to be, that is the question i&'jibtf/'jf ki'dkar ks
fhsfid nik'la int. O, it is a pleasant surprise to
have you here /'fjf ki’dkar ko adv. whither
kykudhab' n.m. unmanageable intract-
able difficult dangerous unreason-
able I - J +

t j‘/kiz!b n.m-. lie lying <-ftfkau&b' n.m.
• confirmed liar [A]

I / kar tt.M. power ; strength ; grandeur ; pomp
J' adj. deaf y# i/kar'r-o-far’ n.f. splendour
pomp and show (rare) attack and strategic
retreat [A]

kar adj. deaf (A]

kar Mas. hand (elephants) trunk

*.iAarrsY n.m. pl. number of times £*

karrs't o-marrst’ n.m. pl. number of times
[A - SINO. /\

,/karrsr' ad), attacking time and aggjp and.
Jlr again ; impetuous fjlSkara'rs AD J.

kars'ri) sevoury hot • spicy dfigp

(fig.) curt (reply, etc.) cfjtj/kara'rs-pan n.H.
being savoury being hot ; being spicy
crispness curtness /‘j^—jlfkar&'rt dim adv
while fjresh ; while jfet untired
b, /kirar' n:m. (dial.) (derog.) (petty) shop,
keeper Hindu

J^j'ka'rskul n.m. cUrlew ; heron ; hern

j / kirsm ' adj. & n.m. pl. noble ; great
\)S kirs'man kstibain' n.m. twin recording
angels ; guardian angels [A-sino.nJ/)

I /karma f n.f. miracle ^H/ksrama’ H n.m.
(col.) one showing miracles ai»j. miracu-
lous. &'lfkarn'mat n.f. (lit.) (pl. tSilSkarsmst')
miracle (rare) magnanimity [A]

, /karsfi’, yi/ kars'nah n.m. shore mar-
C/V gin bounds oi/^.be-karsh' adj. un-
bounded ; boundless [P]

1*1 /kar s' ns v.t. cause to be done get
done I ~ v/ caus.J

/l/karsh'dil n.f. camel-cart (col.)
O^r (variant for name of Pakistan’s first
capital) Karachi .

• . /kirz'td n.m. (as nickname) Christian
yiv (derog.) Westernized Muslim

•z+'iijf

„ , /kata hat, J^ri/karahiyai *.f. abomi-

nation abhorrence aversion scom

disgust odiuintJ^ <t ’to»^^^ 3 hot se dtkh. ns

v.T. scorn look down upon abominate

%l/ kara'hstan adv unwillingly scorn-
fully {A]

* . ( karsh'ns v.l. moan groan'

y . ✓ /

, / kirayah n.m. fare; rent; hire &*?■/<£-!/
vte kirs"t per dials' ns v.T. hire out run
as a cab, etc. (i'iili)l>}/.^J-/kirs['t par t de’na
(or uths'na) v.t. let rent out “y l f
kira”e ks tat'too n.m., kirayah

ugah'ns v.T. realise rent jtj yiJ kira'ya^dar,
jh^j/kirs- e-dsr n.m. tenant "" a/* if ktra'ya
kar'ns v.t. settle rent settle hire rates
(usu. kira't kar'ns) take out on hire -HV
kiraya-n&'mah, si'^J-Jkir a' *-n&‘ mah n.m. deed of
rent

/kar'b, £sJkir'batH.t. anguish ; agony

• S affliction ^/j^idar' d-o-kar'b n.m. pain
and affliction Ik j ^J'kar'b-o-bala' n.f. trials and
tribulations [A]

.b /kar'bar a, I*/*/' iar'bars adj. (f. (f^Skor -
bari, (j*y, ^/karba'ri) grizzled (hair)

, / karbala n.f. Kerbala ; name of a place
*1* in Iraq where Imam Husain was martyred
Imam Husain's sarcophagus this is
Shi’ite shrine (fig.) Calvary [A]

^Jlfir'ps (ped. kri'ps) n.f. (dial.) favour (S)

kir'ts n.m. (same as i„m. •*)

m „ ,^ /kar'ta dkar'ls n.m. head (of)

one enjoying power person m

charge emcee ; master of ceremonies [ ~ %/ \
^ artST N - M - dial.) Creator [S]

kar'lab n.m. feat jugglery sleight

♦ ^ of hand finesse tfCf kar'tabi n.m.
skilful person crafty person

^ kartoot’ n.m. pl. behaviour ; conduct

.. / kir'lah , JJ^kur'ts n.m. shirt \‘f(

**S collar less shirt; old-fashion-

ed shirt fiSkur'a n.f. .loose
waistcoat bodice tunic V
lal' kiir'1% n.f. British army
jJ* f kar'tiys n.m. & adj. one who has practice
» ■* . in ; adept [ ~ \j / ]

, Ski' rich n.f. sword small splinter of
0c/_.glass ; splinter Sr/ kit' chi n.f. very

small splinter llfij'jrff’/kir'dtl kir’chl ho js'ns v.i

be broken to pieces

S kar'chka n.m. frying pan (slang);
ifS sycophant ; toady jfs kar'fhki n.f.
ladle

* /’karakh't adj. harsh curt (reply,
*~^S etc.) Jtykarakh'tagi N f. harshness
curtness (P]

. / kirdar' n.m. behaviour . conduct

J ** character (of play, etc.) (fj^ij/kudat'-
mgs'rt n.f. characterization [P)

^ j'kir'dgsr' n.m. Creator ; Cod (P)

\ /kar'daiti adj. &. n.f. (something) worth
(jJS doing JrjtjjTj'j'fa/kar'dani kjntsh' am'-
dam puR' pr'ov. as you sow so shall you reap

-P d>A

/ ka'dah adj. & suf. done accomplish-
ed (of crime) committed ; perpetrated
tli ’jfkarist&n' n.m. Christian Christian
(✓ ^ convert ; neophyte Westernized pcnon
tjZj kaiis' chan n.m. & adj. Christian
kanschai'niti n.f- Christianty [E ~ Christian)

S’ y karts' mas n.m. Christmas ^Jc/O'karis 'mu
U S de n.m. Christmas Day (El

( k\sr'si m f chair office of authority
Os base (of pillar) plinth (of building)
(rare) God’s throne (fi/kkr' si dt'ns v . t .

show respect to otfer some one a chair '%!**&/'
kiir'si-e sada'rat n.f. chairmanship ; chairvtVt/
kur'si-nd'mah n.m. genealogical tree t^fi/UkBr'n-
nashtn' n.m. one entitled to a seat in a British
officer's person [A]

2 /kirish'mah n-.m. marvel wonder

a* S phenomenon .amorous glances blandish
ment (Cil/yljCi/jS^/ktrtsh'mak dikkn'tfS (or
dikklatia ) v.t. work wonders do a marvel

perform a miracle cast an amorous
glance [P] ~

p, Skansh'n n.m. Krishna ; Hindu religious
W S black ; dark blue : blue bader regarded
as incarnation of Indian god Vishnu ULs/sj Ictf
karish'n aur gu'piyaii n.f. PL. Karishna and his
female devotees [S}

% / karaf's n.f. parsley (P} /.

VS IV*#*

/ /kar'rak n.m. pain ; ache^M?\
*SS rankling

kari' kac n.f. cricket (Ej

~~ p/j kar'kat n.m. sweepings (usu. as) Si fy/
koe'n kar'kat n . m . litter ; rubbish

486

s/S

»>y

/

Vj£fkar‘ gu’zarna v.i. act s t ubboml [gfj

jai'sa kar'na vaisa hlutr'm ph. buffet' for one’*
own doing tfljj da'ftB
oa'la pak’ra ja’V mooti’^hoh va 'la PROv. one d *
the harm another gets the blame (f/etybfj/tn/
ka’re ko''l bha’re ko’'i PROv. the sins ofparents
visit their children (ka're tk

pah’reja'efi sab prov. misdeeds of a few and in
trouble for all

if, ( kar’na n.m. citron bud a kind of
*s citron used for picklihg
• , f kar’na, I'Jkarrana N.m. (same as itjf
n . m . if)

/ kir'na v.i. (of edge) wear out (of
VS crowd) thin

karafita n.m. (derog.) Christian

karaft'ja, rff/ karatfjl adj. (see |/adj •★)

. // kUr’kura (f. kUr'kirl) adj. crisp

'S * brittle

kar'ka'ra (f. kar'kan) adj. cruel

f / S kir'kira, (p-. kn'kiri adj. gritty

'SS spoilt ; insipid ; vapid V l/J kirkira’na

v.t sound gritty t£*ftjCfkirkira’hat n.f. gritti-
ness

y/kir’kiri n.f. grittiness disgrace;

ijss shame /fkirkiri kar ddna v.t.

put to shame ; disgrace S t (j 'Jjfkir’kin ho

ja’na v.i. be disgraced ; be put to shame

//kUr'kuri adj. crisp n.f- cartilege
{jss dysantery a horse disease
S/kir’kal n.f. grit ClfejJf/kir’kal raih’ jand
Us v.i. be griety

/yy kar’ gad an n.m. (lit.) rhinoceros fPJ

air

ofy'

kar’ gas n.m. vulture [PJ

if'/'kar’gka, // kar’ gah n.m.

*^S loom weaver’s pit [ ~ Vj/

+ 4 ]

. /kar’ am n.m. kindness
( / favour grace gracious-
ness bounty benignity
generosity ; liberality \?/(J ka'ram kar’na v.t.

do favour show favour treat generous-
ly [A] ,

+ /ka’ram (ped. kar’m) n.m. (usu. pl.) fate ;
\s destiny ka’ram pkoot’na v.i. have

bad ‘ ne ki shar’m us’ ke

phoo’te kar’m pRov. hesitate and suffer
. / kir’m n.m. worm moth kid m

(s pi’lah N.m. silkworm**/^ dfk irm-khu rdah
adj. moth-eaten ; vermicular [P]

S* / kadm-kal’la n.m. cabbage

l//kir'mak n.m. small worm mS’t4'/kir'.
wir J mak-e shab-tait n.m. firefly : glow-worm
[P dim of kirm]

, /ki'ran n.f. ray beam sunbeam
C/S moonbeam tasselkd lace of gold or
silver

. /ka’ran n.m. (dial.) ear Jsf&fka'ran phoot
Css n.m. ear tops

1. # Skar'na v.t. do perform execute

vj effect implement act perform
make (widely used to form transitive verbs
from foreign nouns Mij’.J’kar baith'na v.t. have
done J&y i kar jag n.m. (col.) times of action
fruit* of one’s deeds ClfjJkar dikha'na v.t.
accomplish successfully succeed in (doing)

//

karatj'va n.m. a kind of brown medi-
cinal plant its colour adj. brown

I ,

Jr^'kSrafid' n.m.

hone corundum

t> / karat’ di n.m. a kind of cloth made of
untwisted silk

kar art si oi -rair) n.f. currency

^ yj'kar’nal n.m. (same as y/ K.M. *)

( kar' m n.f. trowel

f *. / k-Snl n.f. deed domg
(js gar ni ka’re to kyofi bka'rt prov. do what
you deem proper and do not be afraid
]}/*? (f~* jai'ri kar'ni vai'si bkar'rA prov. a* you
sow so shall you reap

i^/karnail', d'Jka,r'nal n.m. Colonel [-1
colonel)

** /kar'va n m. (dial.) spouted earthenware
S vessel

. / karra’na v.t. cause to make ;. have

lbs made (vul.) submit to sexual act

Cj CAVS -1 s

. / karroo' bi n.m. cherub Q\$, sJ karroo' Bijfith

LjJs n.m. pl. cherubs ; cherubiin [A~H]
l / kar'va } n.f. side in sleeping, side

0 ^tZ/js/kadvat ba'dalna (or Id «a) v.i.
(also pl.) turn from side to side (in bed)

(pl ) have a disturbed sleep ; feel uneasy in
slcep'^^r^^/^^a' kar’m kar’m
Ijan'natnasib' ka're PH. may God bless his soul
/karodh! n.m. (dial )rage , wrath [SJ
tt»is

A/

«7

corinda gland close

^ /karat n.m. & adj. ten million fcjtJ
)}/ karor'-patl ADJ. millionaire vary rich
person

I . f karaufd a nj*.
to ear

/ karoh ’ n.m. (arch.) league ; three-mile
distance [P]

f^'ran adj. (see under »/ »j». it)

/ hi' rah n.m. sphere ; orb ; globe
region ; globe ; sphere ball (of eye,
etc.) <^f t /ku'ra-e ab' n.m. hydrosphere
kUr~t a' task n.m. empyrean empy real region
(/^ItJkU'ra-e ar'z n.m. earth jl >J kurort bad'
n.m. atmosphere xjii tJ'ktt ra~t khak 1 n.m. ter-
restrial globe e/ki'ra-c fa'lak n.m. celestial

globe jL ,/ku 'ra-t nar' n-m. empyrean tfr/
kira'-t i adj. spherical ; globular [A]

tSr'ri, (fiitftfkur'ri had' dr n.f. cartilege

SkWri ka'ri, (ft/tftfkU'ri ku'ri int.
0* 0 S call to poultry

i S kir'ja, (ped. kri'ya), (Sb/ kri'ya kar'm
Zr n.m. (H. dial.) funeral.rites [S]

/. f kUryal' n.f. preening^-^tj^i/

0*/ ktiryal' kar' ha (or met! a'na) v.i. feel very
happy 1 $ Skuryal' melt fhul'lah lag'na
have one’s pleasure spoilt
. i j kiryanah n.m. small change grocery
j££}}bJ / kirya'na-firosH' N.M. grocer
^ j ijkartp' n.m. crepe [E]

/ kired’na v.t. scratch search; probe
bjn/ jj, / kured'ni n.f. poker hired’ n.f.
search ; probe C^f^jUj+j'kared' kind' kar
poottk'na v.i. conduct a thorough probe ; in-,
quire searchingly

j^'karir' n.m. (same as £j\ n.m. -Jr)

'kiri? n.f. moulting (of birds) ugli-
ness resulting from it ij'^/'kiriz' kar'm
v.t. moult lock-ugly owing to this
L Skaril', kat\r ' ' N.M- a kind of thorny
i/./ stnib

kart' la n.m. bitter gourd

'+%tC*y',>±f~6'k kart' la (
dots’ te nim' cha'rha prov. evil nature V
that has been further incited
j f karim' adj. merciful
V** generous bountiful [A -
ka'ram ] '

/korih\ adj. abominable execrable _
tty odious ugly revolting 'Sydl/kari'h-

■i/i

V.T.

<if

t/

0 s-sauf adj. cacorphorous ; illsounding
katih'-man'zar adj. abominable execrable
ugly odious offensive disgusting
revolting (A - ]

-if ka'ra n.m. bracelet large ring used
do door-knob ; door-ring rim ; ring
(dial.) dome adj. (f. (S*Jka'rt ) strong

unbending hard harsh rude curt ;
sharp

ikik/kara'ra n.m. high and steep river bank ;
’J'/ precipice ; declivity
i/ikfkara'ka n.m. sf*/ ha'rok n.f. clap or
* 1 * burst (of thunder) crack twang roor
crash starvation intensity ; severity
Jyj^/kara'ka gV zama v.i. sjarve to pass
days in extreme poverty \f£.iykara'kt ka adj.
severe ; extreme kara'kt ka ja'ra n.m.

severe cold ; very cold winter
^j^ka'rakar' adv. crackling (onO.]

/kar ah! n.m. (rare) cauldron (filjfkara’hi
O'/* n.f. small cauldron ; frying pan
kara'bd that'na v.t. lick the pot this as
reproachful habit in child as likely cause rain
much later in his wedding day Otyyf/ltf kara'lA
ebath'na v.i. be fried (of arrangement) be
made for preparing cookies
^y^kar'bora adj. (same as 1 ^ 7 adj. *)

ka'xok n.f. (same as Vrf n.m. it)

/,/ kurak N.r. clucking (of hen) ; cackle
\?jT t sf>/ ki'rak ho'na v.i. (of hen)
clack ; cackle lay no more eggs
’•.//karkara'na v.i. sizzle crackle be
*rs!s intense ; be rigorous */k/ kar' kar n.f.
sizzle crackie [ono.]

v *‘- (of teeth) gnash
v'// kir kir n.f. gnashing [ono.]

kir kir a’na v.l. cluck ; cackle */*/ kir’ kir
t'/jf n.f. ciuck ; cackle

ka'rakna v.i. thunder ; bunt

kar' pa adj. (r. (fjifkar'rt)

>2/ unpalatable touchy ; test

roar

bitter

— 1, .testy harsh*

curt JJ.Ijlfka-r'va bol n.m. Jiarsh words Jltf
kar'va-pan n.m. bitterness dZlj$fkar'va itl *n.m v
mustard-seed oil i^-^ij^/kar'va kasai'la adj.
bitter unpalatable \^jji/'ka\'va lag'na v.l.
taste bitter leave a bitter taste in the mouth
be offensive ; give offence (to) Vrf \£/kar’va ho'na
v.i. be bitter be enraged ; to be harsh
^fij/karoa hat n.f. bitterness ^jj^j^'ktr’vi ro'a

i\*>/ *

n.f. first funeral feast {ekt’fkar've kasai'U din- (etc.) has no standing liye ADV. why ;

n.m. PL. hard times d/'j/jj/d/karve kasai'U wherefore /J*/j/kis' rn’raz it daKtkai PH.
ghootif n.m. PL. unpalatable words, etc. after all what for he (etc.) is^S->i/4ir' mlftA st

.». v.t vex C&/{f.jl kirks ' ns v.r. ph. how dare you (etc.) iZSs^yds’ oaq't adv.

* 'PS fret and fume if,*/ kUr'kan n.f. vexa- when ; at what time kens' nut hoi

tion mortification jealousy &’/ktf->k.'na v.r. ph. why is he so presumptive

fret and fume ; be vexed ^ kUs n.p. vulva ; vagina

t'h/'kaik'ns v.i. (of milk) be boiled be tr r s

embroidered l/fUi/ka'rka lin’d adj. /kasnd' m.m. (rare) slumppr,<;t/l/*ajarf'-

(of milk) be boiled embroidered % Ui'Wa". hszs'ri n.f. slump (A]

n.f. embroidery .. Jkasa'la n.m. effort labour grief

ka'rhi n.f. hot dish prepared by cooking ^ [coRR. ~ foll.]
w S gram flour in dilute curds; curry jLiis/j*/ fJJkasa'lat n.f. laziness; indolence
ka'rta ka sa ibdV n.f. sudden but swiftly* ending "‘''indisposition [A doublet of
rage L'fjtl^^t^bba'si ka'ihi meh ubal' a ns j\J* isan ' NM - peasant ; tiller J/cfl/kisan'

g ./ ka'ri~u.r. beam; rafter link (of kame'tl n.f. communist party aiming at

chain) anklet (usu. pi.) difficulty ; peasants uplift ; ‘kissan’ committee
hardship •. trouble harsh words adj. strong .•,/^nsa'na v.t. get tightened get tested
unbending stiff hard .strict hard (of milk, etc.) become poisonous owning

vigilant wrathful strong intense (flame, t0 chemical action of metallic container ' 3 {/
sun, etc.) C(£/ 1 ) l/kar’jan (or kart) kasa'o n.m. this poisonous effect tension

jU ’ns (or Btka'hs) v.i. undergo hardship I Jkas’b N -M- trade ; profession acquisi-

ka’ri suna' ns v.i. address in harsh words /fa foiftf/ * . t’ on ; attornment of skill wages of sin
ka’rt kamanl ka Hr" n.m. swift piercing arrow v/<-f*kas’ab kar'ns v.i. acquire a skill

<Jjs‘lf/ka‘ri man'zil n.f. difficult stage (in) Follow a trade gate the wages of

L^/kar'yal adj. strong muscular (youth) n . m . kas'b-e kamal' n.ui.j'lyi^’kas'b-c ma‘dsh' n . m .
CLt earthen earning of livelihood .

ka'ri suns' na v.i. address in harsh words * tion ; attornment of skill ws

ka'tt kaman' ka lir' n.m. swift piercing arrow v/<-f^kos’ab kar'ns v.i. acquire
{i/(S/ka‘ri man'zil n.f. difficult stage (in) Follow a trade gate the wages of

L^/kar'yal adj . strong muscular (youth) n.m. kas'b-e kamal' kas'b-e m

U t f earthen earning of livelihood ,

. kagh' dim n.m, (rare) scorpion [P~ /~ £ ^Jkis'bat n.f. (same ask^KTJ.p. ★

f>y -t-fidum)

/ kas n.m. person individual ; one suf. t g*> kas l? N - F - prostitute adj. aeguired [- A
u capita f tar' ma-pur’st n.f. help- ^*‘vf ^

iT capita iSsffkas' ma-pur’si n.f. help-
lessness har-kes-o ns’ -kas n.m. all and

sundry be' -has adj . helpless t/'i) ft -kas adj .

‘per capita* ; per head fP]

/ kis pron. (interrog.) who whom
w which what t/fjfkis' la’ raft (or ped.

-tar'h) adv. h ow $lCZ£si/kis bir'te pa lat'ts \ x , /, ,, J _ .

pa'm prqv. why this empt'y boast V J kas r > ( PL - J^kusoor ) n.f. deficiency _

kis Sals' ko fii'Mc lags’ U'yZ PH. why s did 'you, ^ loss vowel mark corresponding to English
invite trouble in the form of this persony^t/ <P ath ) fraction U >^ *"*' rakk w
kis' par bkeo'le ho ph. what misleads you to this VI - ’- eave a - deficienc Y
confidences^! S[fkis hissb meh 'hai ph. it mkh ' m VI - ! eavc t no ® tonC “" turned
(etc.) has no value din’ ke kas’r-e fshsnyyah ss. decimal fraction #1*1^

liye Uths' rak'kks kaTtn. what foV have you laid ^ as , r ' e f ^snyya-e «*tma l

it to no standing " it i. worthto JuH/kV (“ "* « ' “ »») T '' .

aov. how much how many^/fe/ have a doSctcncy be dcfkiem (m) be .»-

Hi *am' Ja (iai) ph. it is worthless djt&Bi/ “mplete cite^faiV, L taa' detogattoo ;

kis' kUsV meh H{k)'kka hai ph. on what authority something.bcneath one s dignity flt^kas r e am
/tj//j(A/kis' kis' dUkh! ko ro” eh 4 ph. which, N F - vu, 8 a f fraction V/Skos'r kar'ns v.t. fall
of my numerous grievances can I air/^ £ t short j)+f*kas'r~t mUdao'var n.f. recurring fiac-

J kas'bi n.f. p

C yT I -

kas too ro n.m
thrush oy
.j kas too' n n,

Ojjt

%~Jkas'tqm n.m. c

I / . , /

stoo’rs n.m. muskdeer
rush oyster
kastoo'n n.f. musk

tam n.m. custom

blackbird ,

kis; kUab' meh Ink) khz hai ph. on what authority sometning.Dcneatn one suignuyj r-r am
JliJ //></{/ kis' kis' dUkh! ko rs”rt.PH. which, N F - vulgar, fraction V/Skas'r kar'ns v.r. fall
of my numerous grievances can I air/^ lb short j)*/**kas'r-t mUdao'tar n.f. recurring fiac-
^T~&fi$kis‘ kket' (or bagk') H moo'H hai ph. he tion u/fcsSkat'r-t ihOratkab N.F. mixed

Os'

489

anyone certairi Isstf*)}: jOtyfeki’ si par
jnn" (or dam’) dena v.t. love someone
tjlsfki'sl paih'ko (or ‘inoan’) in some way s'
'si se sa'i ki’si se badha'i PROV.
make false promises with all Sy'^kisi tjad'r adv.
little ; to some extent C ki’si
ks gkar’ja’le ko"l tape prov. banking on others
misfortunes tfijJ'trZe-Jkt If'if'ki'fi ka hath.'
tjia'le ki'si ki zabari prov. he who cannot left,
his little finger will wag his tongue Lfj jfi O' y
ki'si ka ho raih'na ph. be deep in love with
be subservient to ff£} T(f(f^ki'si ki a”* a'na ph.
(dial.) (as curse) die an untimely
tfy./.ki'si ke tvk'rofi par par' ns v.i. sponge on
IjfjyjJyfki'si la'iq ho’na v.i. establish oneself in
life (f** (y ki’si na ki’si prov. & adv. some
someone or the other
as ’si N.r. hoe

number jj^-^kasr-e jnufrad n.f. simple fraction
1 kas'r-e naf'si n.f. homility over-
much humility underrating oneself
kas'r-e naj' si se kam le'na v.i. underrate oneself
OfiySkafr nikal'na v.t. make good a defi-
ciency take revenge ra' hi sa'hi kas'r

ph. whenever else had to be done [A]
y^fkis'ra n.m. Chosroes [A~P

* rfuu'rat n.f. exercise ; physical exercise
^jr.vSkas'rat kar'na v.i. take physical exercise
dy'kas'ra'tt n.m. athlete (adj.) (of body)
dvelopetf by exercise as' rati ba'dan n.m.
well developed body

jkas'rah n.m. vowel-point, corresponding to
/ English i^isljfiC^Wy^kas'rcre iza'fat (or
iza'fl) n.m. this vowel-point denoting genitive
case ; gehitive vowel (A ~ yS J
YJka’sak n.f. pain t>h—eC/kas'ak ids' n a v.i.

feel sudden pain Vli't—Cfka'sak mita'na v.i.
alleviate pain.

f'/kas'-getr n.m. (r. &J^kas'-garan) potter
plasterer

Ljka'sal n.m. laziness ; indolence iodis-
es position xJ^ka'sal-maftd adj. indisposed
lazy ; indolent

fjku'sitm n.m. bastard saffron ; safflower
f red dye obtained from it (fig ) menses
jljitff** ku'sum ka azar' N.M. unceasing menstu-
ration

,* fkasmasa'na v.i. writhe and wriggle
*0** fidget become restless»if {y^kasma sa 'hat
n.f restlessness

,, /kas'no v.i. tighten brace tie ; bind
test (gold, etc.) on touchstone fry
(meat) in butter oil till it almost dries up
hurl (shouts at) n.m. string for tightening
bed string for tying bed cover for straw
box L'lfSkasva'na v.i. get tightened up
/kis’vat n.f. (rare) robe ,

^ dress (also *£^rkis'bat)

barber’s bag .[ - A]

> « / kasau'ti n.f. touchstone

Os l cJijkasau'ti par. pa'rakksta
(or kas'na or laga'na) v.t. test ; prove [ ~
ki'soo pron. (arch.) (same as j^pron. ■£•)

J^jfkvsoot' n.f. (arch.) (PL. of y^k)

^^JkuSuof n.m. solar eclipse [A]

'ki'si pro.n- anyone some-
one ki'si ek prov & adv

Jk\

O O.

/ ki'se pron. whom which what ( -
^i/'kis) ■ r

S'kn'se adj. (rare) anybody XsioS'ka'se ba'shad
ph. let it be anybody ; no matter ; what it
is [P -jSkas]

S./kasya'na v.i. (of rfiilk, etc.) become
VT poisonous owing to its metallic container
. /, kase'ra n.m. brazier pewterer Ofyr
!/* kaser'-hat'ta n.n. pewterer’s market [~

j^fkasis' n.m. iron sulphate ; ferrous sulphate;
is — . green vitriol

.yfkasai'la adj. bitter tasting like milk
"»• spoilt by contact with bronze [ ~ dfa
A Ykash n.m. pull at hookah suf. (one) draw-
U ing ; (one) who pulls ; pulling drawing
enduring suffering bearing ^carrying C&yf
kash laga'na v.t. pull-at hookah (yiPkasha-kash,
f/^kash' -ma-kash' n.f. struggle conten-
tion dilemma; perplexity s&kasha'nah suf.
pulling drawing enduring y^ka'sKi suf.

pulling drawing , enduring ; suffering

bearing ; carrying (P ~

*/fcfijAsuF. one who kills or destroys
ks killing -cide ^iPkusha'nah suf. cidal Jr
ku'shi iur. killing destruction -cide

kUsha suf. opening revealing conquer-

ing exhilerating [P~

.j^/kuskad n.f. opening revealing fog/
is kusha'dagi N.f. spaciousness expansion
exhilaration (S' kUshadah adj. wide ,
spacious; expansive capacious open un-
covered pref. open jjffttiskusha'da ab’roo adj.

490

with eyebrow wide apart gay
dah pesha'rtt cfivs &kusha'da-j abitf, Jw l^kusjia'da-
dil adj. generous large-hearted ; magnani-
mous )j tj&kusha' da-roo' adj. (one) with a
wide forehead cheerful; gay large-hearted
t}te>{pfkiisha'da di'li n.f. generosity laige-
heartedness ; magnaxiimety ft jjejli/kusha'da-mo' , i
n.f. cheerfulness ; gaiety [P lijopen]
A jfi/ka’sha hash n.f. (see under tf*kash n.m. fit

SUF. if)

suffering ; bearing draw-

gtfkitk

r ^ inn

ashaft suf.

./“Km-.

’Uitjkusha''iih n.f. easing way out
^ ^solution opening relief [P ~t)j tf)

tfkush't-o-khoon' n m. killing car-

nage ; massaere
, —jj jkish't n.f. field sown-field (at chess)
check jlJiSfi^kish' t-zar" n.f. field sown-
field S^kiA'tah adj. fit n.m, something sown
[P~ ]

tam kUsh't n.f. large-scale sword-
J fights [ ~ P

^S^kUsh'tah adj. killed - ; slain n.m. martyr
lover one .whose love is unrequited
calx; oxide (j,kush'taril n.m. fit adj. (one)
deserving death jC X^kush'ta-e na? n.m. fit adj.
-(one) killed by blandishments ; lover [P~</‘^ # ]
*&tkish'ti (lit.£rxdsJj'/»L,N.F.

boat; a tray (j\S>kas±‘ fi-ban
n.m. boatman sailor ; marinar
navigator <U^t; CDg(jf*kish'(l (hala'rta
(or kh/na) v.t. row a boat kash'tt'-
ra’tn n.f. rowing boating
l~P]

"Z/'kush'tix.F. wrestling wrestling-bout^,

(✓ 8~baz n.m. wrestler (Ci/iJVJor]

ktlsh'ti kar'n a (or lar’na) v,i. wrestle
A£/ka’shish n.f. attraction aUurement
Cr pull ; drawing affinity (ffi~fka'shish~e
siq'l n.f. gravitational pull^L xfif^ashish-e
n.f. chemical affinity [P-cJ-f^J
^Pj fkasjy n.m. revelation manifestation

divination C'li/fC&kash' f-o-karamat' n.f.
miracle (f~*kash'fi adj. revealed ; manifest (AJ
jJAflcathkol', JjPkajM', jJfkathkoT
Vf** n.m. beggar’s bowl com-
monplace book [P]

*Jifkish'jnish n.f. raisins; currants;

C/ i f^^kish'mishi adj. reddish
crown [P]

aj*

kashmi'ri n.m. pl
Kashmiri adj. of Kashmiri

:a a5a ' rnirafi )

iZSjif'

kisht&t' n.m. coriander [P]

yMkkdmf n.f. way out ; solution achieve
' ment success jtf'jj^kBshoo'd-e kar n.f.
achievement of aim

&/kish'vi
kish'cc
subjugs
xfkadnd' , N.F.

•* tension tijfi’ka

success [P~ch^3 _ .

_ ear n.f. territory country
kish'var-sita'm, ft kish'var kusha'H n.f.
subjugation conquest [PJ

brewing (ftifkashi'dagl N.F.
:aM'darn adj. worth drawing
IjfiSkdstii'dah adj. displeased annoyed

having embittered relations brewed drawn;
stretched tall J'i/ej^kashVda-kha'tir adj. dis-

pleased ; annoyed not on good terms (with)
jgfhasH’ da~qa' mat aim. tall having a com-
manding stature (fj^oj^kasJA'da-ka'ri n.f. em.
broidery O'jf'sjJiS kashVdah-kark'na v. embroider;
do needlework [P]

m f ka ( 'b n.m . lie (rare) ankle (rare)'
• cubttft'Fka'batain' n.m. pl. dice game
of chance played with these gambling [A]
^ia"bah n.m. the Holy Ka'aba (lit.)
cube [A]

I . / *kaf n.m. froth ; foam phleam palm

(of hand) sole (of foot) 0’(jjjhie>kaf-t
afsos' mal'na v.i. be^ sorry (for); wring one’s
hands with regret Jj\£tfkaj a'var adj. expectoran
l£tfkaf-e pa' n.m. sole of the foot fij- cSkaf-pa'
n.f. low-heeled slipper £*f^ka'f-e das't n.m.
palm of the hand adj. bleak (plain, etc .)Cl)C^
kaf la'na v.i. foam at the mouth ; be greatly
enraged [P]

n.f. cuff [E]

jfiftlffar' n.m. (pi» of )*+)

p i^/kaffa'rok n.m. expiation (for sins) ; atone-
mentis/ •jtiftaJfa'raA de'na v.r. expiate (for
one’s sins) ; atone (for these [A ~ ]

,/tcafaj' n.m. daily bread starvation
w' wages mere pittance livelihood just

enough for subsistence adj. sufficient just
equal CfUtxtoaj'h-* hafaf N.F. means of aub-
istence [A]

. /kaf a'let n.f. security; surety

drU' guarantee responsibility bail
support; maintenance sl\2dlifiiafa'lat-na’mah
n.m. bail-bond (AJ

iZS.jAifa'jat n.f. thrift ; economy ; frugality
**y sufficiency answering a purpose

jb'jCs&f'kifa'yat-fhdar' adj. thrifty , frugal
tfj&C/jJkifayot tte'a'ri n.f. thrift ; frugality

^/c/Ykifa’yat kar'm v.i. suffice . answer a
purpose (of food, etc.) last (for a period)
kifayatiADj. cheap inexpensive economical
(A doublet of fqll.)

.•/htja'yah n.m. sufficiency x liC^ J a r '*-* kifayah
yP n.m. sufficiency obligation ; religious obliga-
tion of which the rest are all absolved of a suffi-
cient number (A)
j\ftaftar' n.m. badger

\fkaf’ebaJi n.m. hood (of a snake)
skimmer [P]

S/kafr n.m. infidelity heathenism

/ pagamism blasphemy profanity

ingratitude if/Ykafr bak'na v.i. _talk blasphe-
mously ; utter profane words I'JjjYkuf’r tor’na
ph. overcome obstinacy (.of someone) CffYkafir
t eofna ph. (of obstinacy) end bjlfjtf/fkuyr ha
fat'va de'na v.t. condemn (someone) as an infide
0& kiif'r ka kal'mah mutiti se
nikal'na v.i. talk blasphemously kSfr

kachaihri n.f. evil company kujr-go adj.
blasphemous (person) [A]

Ar/kufran' n.m. tlianklessness ingratitude
0)/ disbelief &**falfkufra'n-e ne l 'mat n.m,
thanklessness : ingratitude [A]

^kSfris'tan n.m. pagan territory ; heathsn
land [P ~ A jY) ,

*flfkdf'?h. n.F; ihocJjSfJ^kaf' sh-bardar' n.m.

U menial servant sycophanttf/b &-
bardart n.f. sycophency jijj^kaf'jh-doi' n.m.

shoe-maker cobbler [P]

J^xa/gir' n.m. cullander ; colander ; flat
JZT ladle ; skimmer (slang) sycophant ; today
(P-^ + ^/l

} fka'Jan n.m. shroud . winding-sheet
Cf kafan [fair ke bol'na __ ph. exclaim
speak unexpectedlyji/Jj^ta'/an-g/iar, iJss-jQ*
ka'fan-khosot' n.m, shroud-thief ruffian

( kafan da’ fan n.m. burial funeral
rites X»*b<ZrfJpkaf<m sar se bahdk'na ph.
engage in a perilous undertaking ; jeopardize
one’s life be ready to lay down one’s life for
b'y,* f^rka! fan mai’la na ho'nn v.i. have died

only recently PliYkafna'na v.t. lay out a corpse ;
shroud (jrkaf'rd n.f. unstitched shirt as part

Of shroud this as mendicant’s dress [A]

JJkafoo' n.m. (pl. OS' akfa) n.m. kith and
~ k«n ; kindred (rare) peer equal (A]

\y'^f w>T ‘ n -m. infidel ; disbeliever thank-
less , uhgrateful [A~

u/kofiV n.m. surety supporter ; 1‘^j^afit
y^Jio'na v.i. stand surety ; give bail (for^
Jffafkhud-kafir adj. self-sufficient
khsid-kafU' ho'na v.t. be self-sufficient

achieve self-sufficiency n.m. Self-sufficiency
^y/kak'ka adj. (dial.) albino one of the
S' five religious obligations of Sikhs
^jj/kakra'll n.f. armpit tumour

^ j^k&'kUmUt' tn n.m. mushroom ; toadstool

I # j^kaknh'da n.m. ‘celsia’

^//kak'kar n.m. (dial.) hookah a kind of
s strong tobacco

^jf'kuk’kar n.m. (dial.) cock old irah

s (Hindu dial.) (derog-term for) ^Muslim
(jJOfyfkuk'roo'ti koofi n.f. crow (of cock)
pj'kUk'roofi koofi kar'ns v.i. (of cock) crow
S^/fkVk’ri n.f. corncob skein' (dial.)
0* hen

.^/fkak'n n.f. cucumber Uf^^b^kak'ri ho ja'na
Os v.i. shrink from cold grow lean
( t/kal n.m. tomorrow near future
( J yesterday near past doomsday n.f.

machine ease : comfort ; relief biff kal' ana
v.i. be at ease ; set one’s heart at rest «6r
kal' bi'garna v.i go out of order be out o£
gear be in a bad mood l* i/kal' ps'na v.i. have
peace of mind iisjfkal' par' ns v.i. feel at eas ejlf
kal-dar' adj. ' machine-made (of rupee)

with milled rim (of gun) having a trigger/i?

kal-dar' bUftdooq' n.f. matchlock iff kal' ka

a'dami n.m. robot puppet upstart

IJ^ikal' ka gho'ra n.m. mechanical horse
(euph. for) bicycle ; motor bicycle ; scooter
W Y if kal' ka lar'ka n.m. raw youth
inexperienced person,.

kal' kalsh’ {ko) adv. some day ; in future tfjf
l'/ kal kal kar'na V T. & l. dilly dally : shilly
shally ; employ delaying tactics* Ziff kal' Id bat'
ph. only a recent matter I'^cflfjfkal'ld bat'
ho’na v.i. be a recent happening only the other
day bjjyif kal' maror'na v.t. switch on a
machine pull the stringe influence 1'%*^
kal' na par'na v.i. feel uneasy ; have no peace of
mind

f if kal n.m. pref. (contr. ~ JJlf ) black \*X<f
U kalji'bka adj. (f kal jibhi malig-

nant black-tongued J'yfif kal jhaoah adj.
tawny tfkff kal'fhiri n.f. blackheaded spar-
row jyjf kal sirs adj. blackheaded H-yY
kal-mooh'ha adj. & n.m. (f. kal-mooti 'hi)

492

ill-omened (person) unwanted rogue
f p kill adj . all whole entire aggre-
U gate pref . whole 1$}$ kUl-vaq'ti adj 1 .
whole-time ft kMlo-hUm adv. all of them jf*
bil-kul adv . completely wholly ; entirely [A]
kola (dial) fine art trick

wrestling trick somersault ka'la-

4a' n.f. (same as tfjltpti.F. ir) <^*vrllt'ka'la
jafig n.m. name of a wrestling trick Cljf ^
ka'la khel'na v.i. do wrestling tricks ka'la-kar
dial.) n . m . artist adj . crafty

kal'la n.m. (same as Jf'kctl'lah n.m. it)

V kal'la int. never [AJ

lab’ n.m. (pt.. of i^Xkal'b it)

lL S kalabah n.m. (same as ^JPVm. if)

*♦, ,/ ka'labaloon (col. JIIp ka'labat' too) n.m.
gold (or silver) thread [T]

I llS kclal' n.m. tavern-keeper kaial-kha’-
W* m f l N M> ^ liquor-shop tavern ; pub
ilo n . m . childless person whose parents

are also dead [A]

kalam' n.m. talk ; conversation ; speech;

( discover (gram) sentence verse (of)
works ; complete poetical works (of) l
objection; dout apologetics kata’ m-ull ah'

n.m. the Holy Quranfe Wfifkalam'ullak utha’na j
v.i. swear by the Holy Quran ■hff’ltf kalam' majld' ,
n.m. the Holy .Quran I’Jfi# kalnm' kar'na v.i.
speak (to) (,'j^ se kalam' ho'na v.t. have a
word with mefi kalam 1 ho’na v. object to;

doubt [A)

k<llaii ' ADJ ‘ lar S e elder

y W kulatck' n.f. (same as n.f.

a / kda'vak (ped. s Dikaia' bah) n.m. roll of
dyed yam [-PJ

.j/ kulak' n.m. j (abb. y kulah) (lit.) cap ;
^ head-gear ttff kulah'- po*J>’ adj. wearing

a cap [P] ’

■j kala'i n.f. wrist maror'na

v.t. twist (someone’s) wrist twist
ists n.m. this as game

Wb n.m. (Ft. kilsb') dog [A]

kalah'UM n.m. virtuoso

kalab' n.m. club [E)

Lift kil'bil n.f. crawling of insects jfjfkii’W
U» kil'bil n.f. such crawling sensation
I’iip kUlbUla'aa v.i. (of worms) wriggle ;
*'*'*» writhe itch fidget be restless ;

feel uneasy grumble ^^H/kAlbUla'haf n.f.

vermicular motion ; writhing ; wriggling
itch ; fidget restlessness ; uneasiness

U* kul'bah n.m. cottage ; ceUi/’X’l^tB/'h**
ahzzh' n.m. cottage of sorrow (P)

J^kalip n . m . clip |EJ

ka'lap n.m. (col. for ka’la fit )

*. y kalpa'na v.t. cause to fret afHict
l +C? pain ; grieve Cjjf ka'lapna v.i. fret and

fume grieve ; be grieved be agonized
kUl'thi n.f. a kind of pulse ; vetch

fjf kol’-jUg n.m. (dial.) evil times' ; worst
rimes [S~ S+U) g .

Jp kal' {bar n.m- culture
y’i. kal'dtaral adj. cultural [E]

JO kul'bah n.m. a kind of bun

<

\S kal'lar n.m. nitre barren land ; land
+ impregnated nitre adj. barren ; sterile ;
unproductive kal'lar lag' na v. be impreg-

nated with nitre ; become barren

kilar'k (or ka-) n.m. clerk [EJ

kUl'larh. n.m. small earthen cup with
gunpowder filled in it to make a kind "Of
fireworks ; pyrotechnical pot i ,

Jo ka'las n.m. spire pjn- A ^

C/ nacle

. L/kal'sa n.m. (dial.) narrow.

mouthed spherical brass vessel,^
metallic waterpot y

kal'- si n.f. small spire [ ~ Jr ] '

VP kal'gbi n-f. cockcomb l .'jf
i3 crest plume ; decorative v
feather

ka'laf (col. ka’lap) nm.

starch morbid tan of

skin

»• N,F - affliction

trouble ; distress- cjy

kal’fal door' ho’na v.i. be relieved [A]

Up

493

kil'k n.f. (arch.) reed pen (P]

wrangling ti
v.t- wrangle ; use bawdy

0 f/t/kilka'H, tfj&qilqa'ri n.f. joyful
scream titter kilka'riyah

mar'na v.t. shriek or scream with joy
giggle I titter
& kil’ka n.m.

U kit'kil kar’m a
words with

U' ka'limah («fbL kal'ma ) n.m. (pl. &U*kali-
U mat) word Islamic creed ; Muslim
creed if 1 sPka’lima-IQl-haq n.m. truth
word of God ka'litnah parka' na v.t.

convert (someone) to Islam teach (someone)
the Islamic creed jf ka'limah parhna v.t.

become a Muslim ; be converted to Islam
be devoted (to) have unshakable faith (in
someone) cherish yjf if ka'lima-e bbair n.m. a

kind word (in favour of) ka'lima-e shahs.'

dat n.m. Muslim creed in form of testimony ;
credal testimony ; credal declaration U*^«£yl ?jf
ka'lima-e shaha’dat park.' na v. recite the Muslim
creed declare belief in Muslim creed fjfka'-
lima-e k'[f’r n.m. profane words ; blasphemy
.brag ; boast f" Jf ka'lima-go n.m. Muslim (f ef
Jr) kal'me kt Mg' ft n.f. forefinger ; index finger;
fint finger [A]

zJpk&lahj' adj. knock-kneed (horse)

Ufkalahk' n.m. stigma infamy /J $£&'kalahk'

ka tl'kah n.m. stigma ; brand of infamy £t)JfiL$f
kalafik' ka tt'kah laga'na v.t. stigmatize ; calumni-
ate ; give a bad name (to) \fi J&flJ&kalahk' ka
If kah lag'na v.i. be branded ; be stigmatized (f
kalafi ki n.m. & adj. (dial.) disreputable (person)
U&'Wrtg' H.M. heron (fig.) tall person

/ kal'loo n.m. dark person ; black man jf
kul'lo n.f. dark woman

l* if kah'ta, \fjfkaloli\a adj. (f. halo' a,
** OrjfkalH'tl) j«t (black) &f'l}fka'la
kaloh'ta AOJ. jet blade (person) l~ tff]

7 ^ hilookh' N - M - clod brickbatd&id&X
rP* kuloo' kh-akda 'A n.f. brickbatting

stoning hurling abuses (at) [P]
jj. kalo'rafa'rom n.m. chloroform [E]

ki’lo-garam' n.m. kilogramme [E]

•l.

Jf

frisk

kilo}' n.f. sport ; gambol frisk ; frolic
UjfkM' kar'na v.i. sport ; gambol ;
frolic '

ki'h-mi'tar n.m. kilometer (E)

/r* .

^^kcslok'ta ADJ. (same as IV adj. it)

kalaufi'ji n.f. ‘nigella indica’ its

Of seed '

Z kal'lah (col. J P kal'la ) n.m. jaw iV Jf^P
^ kal'la barkal’lah lar'na v. to fight face to
face ; to fight on equal footing^ kal'la-tor
\javsb' n.m. crusliing reply UJ^kal'lah ikal'laJi
n.m. noise and bustle; pomp and splendour jbU
kal’la-daraz' adj. rude ; imprudent [PJ
A U kulha'ra n.m. axe tfjif kutka'rl n.f.

hatchet pa’'oft

a p‘ kulha'ra (or kiilha'n) mar'na PH. dig one’s
own grave

kul'lkar n.m. large earthen tumbler

unwieldy bumpkin

. jfkulk'ya n.f. (pl. jyfkalk'jali) small
1*^ earthen cup this use as fireworks

this used for cupping I'j^J'jtyfkulh'ya meh
gur' phor'na ph. try to do something stealthily
f ka'li n.f. bud triangular piece o'.
0 cloth used in stitching ; transverse piece
small hookah

/ f *6/71 n.f. rising Of the mouth gargle
O r/< / kul'li kar'na v.i. rinse the mouth

gargle

r U ka Hi adj. universal general
{j generic all ; entire n.f. universal
truth generalization general rule principle
formula dpyf’kUlliyyat n.m. it)

^ kUlliy'yak n.m. 4k adj. [A~ jf kiU)

„ I J kulliyyat' n.m. poetical works ; com-
plete works ; work’s formulae (A~
sing. jf ]

.. fkalyari n.m. name of a musical mode
(✓« (dial.) prosperity (dial.) death
kalya'na v.i. bloom ; blossom

kMlliy'yalan adv. totally ; in tOto* [A — Jr

Jp kale'jah n.m. liver heart magnaai-
mity guts iale'jah bal'liyok

(or ha'tkofi) uMml'na v.i. (of heart) leap with joy
)>)iy If? kale'jah u'lc} (or pa'laj) ja'na v.i,
be exhausted with excessive vomiting have
one's heart in one’s mouth ilfoefof kale'jah bark
ja’aa v.i. (of liver) enlarge take courage
n.m. enlargement of liver Ciflgfjrf'kale ja baifha

j&'ns v.i. be depressed in spiiitsllfjf kf.kil'yah n.m. kidney [A]

kale'jah pash pash’ ho ja'na v.i. be heartbroken ’“ST

kale'jah pak ja'na v.i. be deeply kMlliy yah.n.tt. (pl. <^U

grieved feel helpless its tujVjf? kale'jah pa’kar L**. *W- generic gene
kar raih' ja'na v.i. chok^ one’s emotions (pnnciple etc.) [A~ f }

kale j ah pash pash ho j 3 na v.i. be heartbroken »»
iiftSCjgf kale'jah pak ja'na v.i. be deeply
grieved feel helpless itfejJtyfP kale'jah P^kar C**.

kar raih’ ja'na v.i. choke one’s emotions ^

kale'jah phai'na v.i. be shocked (to) feel A
great pity envy I'jfS#? kale'jah tar ko'na v.i. I
be at ease ; be well off Clf ej(JZi) J /( , lZs£ kale'jah trou
thsni' kar (or ke) raih' ja'na v.i. be greatly f ro . u
shocked suppress one’s grief bear patiently ,

f* z'' i X . M . . j !»* _ t. i _ r \ IrCel*

kUlliy'yah n.m. (pl. kUlliyyat') formula

adj. generic general universal
ciple etc.) (A ~ J ]
ham Adj. little scanty less few
rare seldom Mlfkam-azhr' adj. not

envy kale'jah tar ko'na v.i. I L1 rarc ^r^m-ozar adj not

; be well off troubteome n.f. not being

(or ke) raih' ja’na v.i. ' bi greatly troublesome kam-thhUlat adj. lacking

wra.o»,gnef Wp--, „ ot rai!Iing up ,£* of

shocked suppress one’s grief bear patiently
\Z)J (£i)J(’&('U / fi f kolejah thzm’ tham kar (or fo)
ro'na v.r. weep bitterly tl/ kale'jah tkah'da
kar'na v. to satisfy the heart’s longings^ to
obtain one’s wish ; to get satisfaction Vjf bS4fz
kale'jah jkak'da ho'na v.i. OfLf? kale’jah jal'na v.
to suffer sorrow ; to burn with envy ; to mourn;
to be heart-sore kale'jah (hkal'nl kar

de'na v.T. grieve deeply cause to suffer
heavy shocks If If Jf kale'jah ffchal'rti ho
ja'na v.i. be deeply grieved Vft~6jjG»4?kde'jah
dhak’ dhole 1 ho'na v i. have one’s heart in one’s

mean kam-osji n.f. being base-born
meanness LZS? kam-bakh't n.m. scoundrel ;
villain adj. villainous cursed wretched
unlucky ; unfortunate kam-hakh'ti n.f.
ill-luck ; misfortune adversity mishap
calamity vXff^fkam-bakh'tl a' na v.i. find oneself
in trouble

bakh'ajab a"e to ooftt' (ba'rht ko kUt'ta ka'te
prov. there is no remedy against misfortune
Ilk iff kam-bakh' (i ka ma'ra ph. as ill-luck

— : — y — ~ ~ — . \ J» e (f- nam-oaKn n so ma ra fh. as m-iucn

mouth 1. (J& ej *Z-i~isejf?kale jah dhak 1 se raih (or I have it adj. unfortunate (person) m sjUTtf?

Iia\ • VjiTt «• * Iva • if+oi»llr tl2LV6 tfa C ■ - _ _ ..

ho) ja'na v.i. be utterly

kam-bakhtl ke din n.m. evil days ; hard times

•••• _ — k — wanting V icam-tar adj. lewer adv. seiaom

poison, etc life jJt/rCg. kale'jah masos' kar raih kam-tarin' adj. least very humble,

ja’na v.i. repress one> grief U-S* kale'jah mal'na kam-tovaj jcH n.f. lack of attention >***

v.i. regret kale'jah mMh' ko a'na v.i. kam-ha:is'lah (or -hau’salah) adj. weak'

have one’s heart in one’s mouth feel sick (ofl
be fatigued with excessive vomiting
kalt'je par hath ' dhar’na v. I. try to control one’s
emotions l kal eje se laga’na V.T.

cherish hold very dear caress embrace
pjfyzL kalt’je ka juk’raji.u. son own child
one's deer child ^ kaleje men ag '

lag' na v. be very thirsty have a buring
sensation (fm .kalej l n.f. liver ; animal vitals
used as food

N - F - (Ht) key [P]

ijf'katl'sa n.m. church the Church;

field of religion ikll'siya n,f.
church Christian community
i V kileV n.f. sport ; gambol ; frisk ; frolic
VJv^Zkule'leh kar'na v.i. gambol; frisk

about

J 9 kolim' n.m. interlocutor ; one who has
a talk (with someone) also Ztl^f kali'm-

fi Hah' n.p. God’s interlocutor (as title of Moses)
kalf'm i n.f. being like Moses [A - )

cowardly unaspiring ; unambitious

spiring

narrow-minded J^!r/jkam-kaus'lagi (or -hau’-
salagi) n-F. weakness cowardliness un-
ambitiousness meanness ; narrow-mindedness
i^ef^kam-haisiy' yatKxs]. of low status . of

small means kam-haisW yad n.f. - low

status small means $,^'Xkam-khar'ch adj.
thrifty frugal niggardly cheap; inexpensive
ti/yH 1 ; kam-khar’th ba'la nasjnfi prov. good

a uality at low cost ; good but inexpensive •
heap and best ; cheap and wonderful
kam-khar'(hi n.f. ^ cheapness parsimony’
niggardliness sS f kam-khi’rad adj. unwise
ul kam-khab' adj. sleepless one sleep-
ing little one suffering from mild insomnia
dj/f kam kha'bl n.f. sleeplessness sleep-
ing little mild insomnia yjr/ kam-khor' adj.

sparing in diet abstemious ijjffkam-kho ' r I
n.F. being sparing in diet abstemiousness
Cni/kam-zat' adj. base-born mean ;
vile ' & l>>f kam-dima’ght s. v. Jack of imagina-
tion pride ; conceit kam-rah' adj. slow-
paced (horse) j>jfkam-Tou' adj. ugly low;

495

base Jt'y( kam-zor’ adj. weak ; feeble
frail powerless (fjyy.kaYn-zp'ri n.f. weak-
ness ; feebleness frailty debility power-
letsness gf* ^ kam-sit' khan adj. taciturn
kanU&'khani n.f. taciturnity kam-sin' adj.
young ; minor. ; of tender years X kam-si'ni
n.f.. tender age ; nonage ; minority CX'fkam'
sun'ra v.i. be hard of hearing fsA-fkaml se kam
adv. at least the very least oP f kam -
shauq' adj . indifferent Qy'(f kami-e shauq’ n.f.
indifference kam-zar'f m adi . mean

narrow-minded malicious kam- zar’ ft n.f.

meanness narrow-mindedness /jrXkam-.
'aq’l adj. foolish ; silly ; stupid cP? kamr t aq‘li
n.f. foolishness stupidity ^/X kamr'Am'r
adj. young ; minor ; of tender years (fX f kam-
‘am'ri n.f. tender age ; nonage ; minority
kam-ayar' adj. base (metal, coin, etc. )£*>*> X
kam-fuksat adj. busy with a tight pro-
pramrne X kam- fur' sati n.f. want of leisure

^ f* kam- fain' m^ADj. thick-skulled dull

silly ; stupid (f^[. kam faih'nA n.f. dullness
stupidity uVfr kam-qi'mat adj. cheap • low
priced ; inexpensive (fXr kam-qi’ mati n.f.
cheapness ; inexpensiveness UX kam' kar'na
v.t. decrease / X kam! kam adv.* somewhat
little seldom finely fX kam-go adj.
reserved taciturn f X kam-go" i n.f.

being reserved- taciturnity kam-mayah

adj. poor having little capital J'bf kanr
ma'Ugl n.f. poverty smallness of means
Lm^^kam-nasib' adj. unlucky ; unfortunate
(S*? f kam-nasi'bi n.f. ill luck ; misfortune
kam-jia' zar (or nigah' or ni'gah ) adj.
short-sighted (ty \$P)>)tSjX{kam'-M'zar\ , (or
niga'hi or ni'gahi) n.f. short sightedness
la'tmrbrdi' adj. more or lcss» SS&f ka'm-o-kas't
n.m- loss - deficiency kam-him'mal adj.

spiritless , daunted ; cowardly Jf^j/ kam-him'-
mat i n.f. lack of courage cowardliness
\lj> f kam’ ho HA v.i. wl/ kam-y&b adj.*
scarce rare f^\Jf kam-y&'bl n .f. scarcity
rarity (f ka'm n.f. it fP]

kam adv. how much how many n m
^,quantity.*3^iflm/Vjwl s f. it (A]

' ( kirn n.f-. akmim’) (rare) cuff (.A]

. f kam a adv. (rare) just as ‘Jrifkama haq'qo-hoo
h* adv. duly . properly a» it should be
fr{jtksma kiyi auv as it is . as is (f^-Jkama
yam baghi adv. as desired as' ought to be
tA- J + t)

dullness

soarcity

kumdch'^K.r a kind of fat' bread
kumaeji m “fih ph. chubby checks {TJ '
i /kumar' n.m. (dial.) prince ; son of a Hindu
■** r\i\er(fj\Xk&mari n.f princess (rare)

maiden [S]

t. /kamal' n.m. {pl. £>l)tfkamalat‘) perfection
O'* excellence wonder ; marvel (rare)
miracle adj. extreme utmost

kamal' ha'sil kar'na v.i. attain perfection

reach utmost limits kamal’ ( darje ) ka

adj. extreme utmost of the highest
order adv. to the utmostCXfjX kamal’ dikka'na
v.i. work Wonders perform a miracle
show consummate skill l'/l)[fkamal' kar'na V.i.

work wonders be guilty of an enormity
do something unexpected or undesirable XjX
ii^fXkamal' ko pahuhcha'na v.t. bring (some-
thing) to perfection ; make perfect uh/jX
kamal' ko pahufi(h'na v.i. attain perfection ; be
perfect £jX/l h~ar kamet'le ra zaodl' PRO v

every rise hath a fall [A]

kamala n.m. sham fight |\ ^

I /kamdn n.f. bow rain-'^^'V^'^
O'* bow ; spectrum adj. bent (Jjv

arfched (rare) flexible jSjtfX
kaman-e ah’ too adj. arched eyebrows

tjvkaman' Utar'nd v. unbend or unstring
a bow ( Ctaigl ) l>* ty |/ kamdn ' lan'na (or ^.afha'ni)
bend or string a bow V+fyXkaman' rfcaijtna v.i.
be victorious ; lord it over j IjiXkanOn’-dar n.m.

bowman archer J/\X kamdn' -gar, JtX
kaman-gar, n.m. bow-maker (old me) bone-
setter fjjrfyt/kama'n-B.gar'doofi n.f. (sign of the
Zodiac) Sagittarius [PJ .

f ../kamari n.f. command y^ltfXkaman' af'sar
O'* n.m. Officer Commanding ; O.C. [-E com-
mand CORK.]

.. /kam&'ni v.t. earn do (good) com-

v ■* mit (crime) build (body) with exercise

dress or curry (leather) scavenge ; clean
latrine of (house) beat (iron) into softness Jw
kttmH oo adj. earning (member, person, etc.);
breadwmning iy£-Xjj^lZXeXtZl/k4ima"oo t"e
dar’ta nikbnf\oo a'e lar’ia prov. worthless person
is foolishly proud £tXkama"l n.f. earnings
profit work : performance virtuous* deeds
t 'J kama'i kar ua v.i. earn have a profit

do some virtuous deed
/iff kamdn' epah N.M. fiddlestick {F)

< - tdlf DIM 1

496

V

9 *

K(i

kamth’dar n.m. commander'

ideg\jjHfkamati dar-in-ckif' n.m
commander-in-chief ; c-in-c [E]

% | /kama'rti n.m. spring (of watch, etc.)
O'* hairspring ; mainspring spring for pro-
tecting jar in vehicle, etc. bow spring bed'

kamanl n.f. hairspring [~P c)Lf] .

^Akama'oo Adj. U* kam&’i n.f. (see under tU
*'*kanm'rfi v.t. if) ,

Utkam'bal, (rare lt kam'mal) n.m. blanket
lA i/J()Akam'baLposh n.m. one leading a very
ample "life ; ascetic ; dervish J* kam'ti n.f. if
t'kilmbk' n.m. (dial.) (sign of .the Zodiac)
** Aquarius Js&rfkUmbb! ka me'lah n.m.
Hindu religious festival held every twelfth
year (SJ

/ fkam'pa n-M. fowler’s stick with bird lime ;
ST lime-stick (VjbbjC&lfkam'pa lagans (or
mar' ns) v.t. catch birds with lime-stick
^j^Jkam’pai n.f. compass [El

I*, 'damps' na, Isj kam'ps de'nS v.t. shake ;
‘'is cause to tremble doublet of ITI^v.t.]

^**1 ^kamps'uhi n.m. compound [E]

• jJ&am'parii n.F. company ; India Company

jAtftfiFkam 'para bahs'diir n.f. (arch.) (term
of respect for) East India Company [E]

Ckanipoo n.m. (arch.) camp ; cantonment
British infantry [ ~ E camp corr.]
kampo'zing N.F. composing j*jy*kampa'-
zitar n.m. compositor [E]

•* jTkam'li ADj. little ; less ; scanty n.m-
O shortfall decrease jf^karn'll bark.' It

adj. more or less n.f. shortfall or surplus
error and omission [~P ft.

.tjfkamkhsb N.m. kyicob ; brocade ; tissue [P]

da' mar H.i. waist loin belt ; girdle

/ sash middle (of a mountain) flank (of

army) ifka'mar batidk'na v.t. gird up

one’s loins resolve to do something be on
the alert mat bis' tar se na lag'nS

v.t, pass a sleepless night.; be restless
ka' mar •bos' tah adj. ready adv. in a state of readi-
ness Vj{j2~*dfka'mar-bas'lak ho' ns v.t. get ready
for jCtyfMmar-batd n m. drawer-string ; waist
band ready alert \& t ka' mar pa!ka\

kt Bfk'ra v.t. become weak ; put one’s hand on
one’s waist in getting up owing to weakness
i^Umar-ptt |' n.m. (dial.) turn;, turning

ka'mar torna v.t. break the back (of)
make helpless disappoint discourage

Clf ka'mar toot' ja ns v.x. suffer a heavy loss

be helpless lose spirit be disappointed

be hump-backed $3*/ ka'mar dwhfdns v.t,
put (someone) on the back buck up
encourage &/k a' mar jh.uk' ns v.i. have
one’s back* bent ; be old I'jr tjSkbhnar-raih
ja'na v.i. have a pain in the loins feel very
weak \l// ka’mar kar'ns v.t. (of horse) twist
its back to shake rider of it (of pigeon) take
somersault flight (of wrestlers) do a trick like
that Cj'j’jSf ka'mar si’dki kar'na v.i. rest a
while ; lie** down Ik* j jf/' ka'mar ka (tti'/s adj.
impotent bsfrvjfka'mar ka mazjboot adj.
strong virile ka mar-kas N:F indi-
genous drug used as cure for Bright’s disease
resinous compound containing it and used as
caudle iSj * b ka'mar kas' ke bahdk'na v. i.

resolve on* an undertaking C-*? ka'mar kas'na
v.i. resolve (on) get ready (for) JjC
ka’mar ka'mar adj. waist-deep adv. up to the
waist ka’mar-kot n,m« waist-high wall utff

ka'mar ko'tkz n.m. end of beam projecting from
wall e/s ka'mar-c koh' n.f. middle part of hill
slope ka'mar kkol'na v.i. take of the

belt ungird one’s loins sit at ease
ka'mar lag’na v.i. have a sore-back have a
back-ache Vjl^ka'mar mar' ns v. attack
(army) in the flank strike sideways
ka'mar mazbool' kar'ns v.t. give a strong
support take courage in both hand
kam'rak n.f. cambric (EJ

J^kam'rakk n.m. a kind of citron

dkam rah n.m- room apartment
7 chamber .

kam'ti n.f. waist-coat [~P y* ]

^z/kamish'nar x. m. commissioner t$j*^kan&ijt'
nan n.f. administrative division cOmprisi-
ing a few districts ; division [EJ
y/kU'mak n.f. succour reinforcement

IsjkjCfffkU'mak bktj'ta (or ddm ror
pahuft&s'.nu) v.t. succour send" reinforce*
ments (to)

^kam'mal n.m. (same as Jtn-m. ★)

A

kam'la n.f. an appellation of Hindu
Lakshmi n.m. melon-worm

^ kumtla' n.m. (pl. of (f Yit)

t/kHniWna, ClloJ kumkl&'na v.i, wither
*"* be blighted

if kam'li n.f. small blanket ; robcPjJrkam'fC-
V oa'la adj. the Robed (as the Holv Prophet's
appellation J

• f kamahd' n.f. scaling ladder :
cope-ladder lasso
k) kamaftd' pktbk'na lor daFi id)
v.t. ihrow up a scaling ladder

fCfkaman-gar n.m. (same as fy\f) (see under
^ tflf n.f. if)

fkamaana v.t. cause to earn get
* cleaned, curried, etc. cause to clean,
every etc. fj/'cAUs.) .

fkammoon' n.m. cumminseed kammoo'm

(y^ r adj. cumminseed

if kumkar' n m. potter if Jutmkar ka-

daf n.m. potter's wheel (fjtf'kumka’ri
N-F. potter’s wife any female member ;
potter’s family ; insect building a clay-house for

itself

.X k* mi n.f reduction decrease
thortfall scarcity ; dearth paucity
ff f ka'mi bt'sH. N . f. profit and loss
change fluctuation f ka’trii na kar’na

V.T. leave no stone unturned [P - - f |

, - f kimail' adj ., n.m. & adj. .reddish-brown
- (horse) ; bay (PJ

^ -^ fkamiy'yat n.f. quantity (A~ f J

fuf kamt' ti n.f. committee a meeting of

Cr** elders municipality ; municipal com-

mittee saving through regular monthly deposits
repaid in turn by drawing monthly lots
kamt'ti par'na v.i. (of such deposits) be arranged
OijJfkam/lt dal'nd v.t. deposit for this pur-
pose I’Sfffkame'tlkar'tuxv. r. deliberate collec-
tively

^jfkumiddn ' n.m. commander m

i fkami'ra n.m. gardener’s assistant
menial [ ~ fK']

p jCkdmi’shan n-m. commission

(£J~ count [E] v

if kamt' lah n.m slaughter-house -/

ifhuaA'lak N.u. a kind of red medicinal
powder

Ij/karntri (or -mifi') n.f. ambush tifjf
*'*’ gah' n.f ambush ; ambuscade

s assistant

commission

fumin' mtk baitL’a* v.i. lie in ambush ; take dr
lay an ambush ; lie in wait
i Ykan&ri m-M. base-born person menial
-P -i^coaa.l

> •fk*maHi4' n.m- trial ; fraud l-t-T kitmaik"
diya n.m. trickster

• f kami'nah ADJ. mean ; Jow ; base igno-

ble vulgar wicked cfijfkami’na-pa*
m.m., ff kami'nagi n.f. meanness 'vulga-
rity wickedness (PI s

J^jffkam'yeouist n.m. & adj. Communist
kam'yaonizm n-m. Communism [B] ,

Cfkam'yoanal adj. communal f’Xjgkam
yX* yoonalism n.m. eommunalistn [EJ
ktjnyaa /tilt n.F. community (EJ

I fkan n-m. mote bud ; blossom
C/ strength side half kankka'yHL
OkX'lfkansifikh.'yall n.i. pl. furtive look

kenaki'yan (or ktn ttikh' yek)~ u
dtkk'na v.t. look with furtive glances
f fkan pref. ear aural (usu. pi.

( ff kan-pa ' ti n.f. temple (of ***<*);£/
kan-pker n.m. mumps •fy f kcmtop' n.m. cap com-
ing down to below ears fJHffkm-dhida adj
one whose ears are bored jfj fkan-tas n.m. ear
for music kan-ras‘ya n.m. one having an

car for music 'Jltsf kan-snltf'l n.f. a centipedc-
like insect ; scolopendra 0} (J i/j-'g/A em-scxi ‘yah
le'na v.t. overhear ; eavesdrop £/ f kan-ka'r*.
adj. with a lopped ear ijf^kan-kktjotfra n.m
centipede [ ~ (iff abb. |

f kensvF. digger f ka'ni suf. digging IP-

jkin who whom which what

t fkun sof. making; doing fjfkmr'.kdn
O' N -M. worker adj. working 'Jld* G /j¥‘kar'~
binuha'fi n.m. wt irking joomalist |P]
f fkunim. be ph. universe

W all the creation tfj&fkm'-ja-ygkm*' ph,
Cod said let there be, and it came into being
immediate result (A)

,*/ kan* n.m. base string (of kite) to. which
k* main string is tied lace notches in shoe
upper

.•/kanat n.f. lap^ bosom bank those;

^ coast margin edge brink

bo's-o-konar' n.f. kissing and hugging ; fondling ;
toying amorously dm-kmur' am. apart

t ‘/kma'ta (li' .f/Cfkma'rttk) n.m. hank
[ ^ shore ; coast saomiB etfer hrii>*.

498

vSljtf kina'ra kar'nav.t. withdraw retire

refrain ; keep aloof ; abstain d^ejVkanara-
kdsh adj. withdrawing retiring
kens' rs-kash ho' ns v.i. withdraw retire
keep aloof abstain tjif kans'rs-ka'M n.f.

withdrawal retirement ^-jc/^jc/kinatt
kina' re ADV. along $ kina re kind' re
dial' ns v.r. walk along the shore (etc.)
kins' re lags' ns v.t. run (boat) up on ashore
beach (a boat) accomplish (someone’s)
task $ kins' re lag' ns v.i. (of boat) touch

the shore come to an end ; be finished
Of kina-re ho js'ns V.i. keep aloof with-

draw (P]

fj^kins'ri n.f* lace border f~P ojU]
{i m ikanaC n.m. land measure equivalent to

C/ .20

kilfl'jl N F.

{ffkansC n.m. land measure equivalent to
0^20 ‘tnarlas’

kins' yah n-m. (n.. t 2lifkina’yst') allu-
sion metaphor hint^Cfjy t?/ ishs'rah kins' yah
M.,£,Ct£~-j&lisks' re kina' ’e n.m. pl. hints
amorous gXa.ncc&'z.tf kina' yatan adv. in-
directly allusively metaphorically [A]

* /kin' bah n.m. family .one’s people

-*i kiin'ba-par'oar adj. nepolist supporter
of one’s tamily ^^^kun'ba-par'vari n f
nepotism support of one’s people
^•/kan'tar n-m. decanter [E - cork.]

jprfkat^k n.m. . Adam’s apple (rare)
fir throat t)lir^kanth. ms'la n.f. scrofula
pearl necklace (C^ijC^^'kafiti. ni'kalns (or
phoox'nn) v. attain the age of puberty l g^kafitks
n.m. pearl necklace beaded necklace ;
string of beads Jr^'kat'jki n.f. neck rosary
beaded neckband pearl neckband
(animal) collar a kind of measles

r kufij n.m. bower ; grove ; .arbour cor-
ner (arm, etc.) pit kan'jt tanhs"l

n.m. secluded comer [P] .

W'' kah’js, (£/ karat js adj. (f. tf! kafi'jl,
Z y (jZf karan'jH) blued-eyed y

l/kah'jar gipsy; romany $£ kah'jati n.f.
g»p*y ./

' •//btty'ra mm., gy? kutfj'ran green grocer

j y

{'•JkuHjnh'k (or -ja*'k) mm sparrow

.•/iakjoos’ m.m. miser ; niggard adj. miserly;
VX stingy i/STf //kabjoos' mak'kki &o<uj;
n.m. (joc.) miser ; niggard ; skinflint iff.
kahjoo'fl ttj miserliness

solution (to)

U kati'chan n.m. (dial.) gold wealth ;
tyi money £ — meh kafi'cfian ba' rasas
v.r. (of society, etc.) be affluent [S] .’
y kail' (ham n.f. prostitute ; whore ,
(fit woman who hires out her body for money

dancing girl [ - ]

,/kufid ADJ. blunt dull obtus z tfS

J* kufid'-teh'n adj. stupid slow-witted

block headed ; obtuse n.m. dunce; dolt; dul-
lard [P]

y/ku'nad v.t. & i. does v 0 U? fill
^ ku'nad ham-jin's bh ham-jin's parvsz! prov.
birds of a feather flock together [P ~ (j)S]
lyfkatids n.m. (same as t.Zfkuh'dah n.f. •ft)

DjC/kUki'ls n.m. gold thread
itj-fkiiii'dan n.m. pure gold adj. lustrous
^ exquisite having lovely qualities
ti )*fkafidoo'ri n.f. table-cloth piece of

cloth for wrapping loaves in ; loaf wrapper
. . (ku.fi da, Ij/kati'da n.m. stock (of gun)
^ log or block (of wood)
pinion end of kite rib dehy-
drated milk pillory
kufids bhoofi'ns (or kas'ns) v.t.
dehydrated milk lib’^Ztjifkufi'dah
(harks' ns v.t. .equip a gun barrel
with stock iuft'dah-e ns- tar ash’ n.m.

lout undesciplined person ; unruly person
yj^-fi kUh'de tol'ns v.i. flutter one’s wings

get ready (to go, etc.)

•/ 'kail' dak -adj. engraved ; carved j^ej/
J* kah'da-ksr n.m. engraver , carver t jf
yljtfkah'dah kats'ns v.t. get engraved; have
carved Jj fojSkat'da-kati n.f. engraver ; carving
Vj'ej/kafi'dah kar' ns v.t. engrave; carve [P~cUf
kah'dan dig]

, / kafi'dha, , (dial. 1*> / ksh'dks) nM. shoulder
l&Ar kafi'dha ba'dalns v.i. change shoulder in
carrying coffin U££j£*jfkaf{ dhs pa'kar kt chal'na
v i. walk by leaning on someone’s shoulder , to
walk with another’s help l kafi' dha de'na v.t
carry a dead body 0 (J kandhs dsl'vs v.t & s.

throw off the yoke lost spirit ; throw up
the sponge Clft^flrjfkoli' dha lag ja' ns v.i. have a
sore neck (owing to heaviness of yok e)Clet£A£j
kan'die parks' ns v.t. life (child Or champion)
on shoulders CPdSj/ kah'dke lags'ns v.t. eanry
baby with its bead resting on one’s shoulder
tyAvfWift* kUa'ns v.t. shrug one’* shoulders

*99

kahiai'l n.f. door-mortice

,/kuh’di n.f. calendering i’Jffjfkitidi
0 ^ kar ana v.t. get calendered have

(someone) thrashed v/iSJ^kin' di kar'na v.t.
calender beat ; thrash stf^kuh' dl-gar n.m.

calenderer one who launders expensive
stuff ; laundry-man

kuhd n.m. (dial.) sacred spring or pool
^ fire-pit for hurrling ritual stufRn

kuh'da n.m. hook hook for dogchain
staple

j p,/kih'dal n.m. curl ; lock coil halo

(Hindu ascetic’s) large earring circle
i I’JljVAjtykih'dal mar' ns (or kar'na or
mtti baitk'na) (of snake) coil up of moon, etc.)
be in a halo kufuL'li n.f. curl coil
(of snake) halo (dial.) horoscope
kuhi'li banana v.t. curl cast a haroscope
C&t S jI kuftd' li mar kar baitk'na v.t, coil 1

up

*b,/kun'& n.f. door-chain l 101

(VjjS kUh'4 S de'na (or (barb-ana or lag&'na or
kafid' kar'na) v.t chain door ; fasten the door-
chainftf^jf^aTl ; ) id&ffjrf'kifidi kbaf-kbata' na (or
kbar' -kbara na) v.t rattle the door-chain
knock at the door ^

•fkali'i n.m. (pl. jjd kUnooz’) treasure

treasury [A ~P £ ]

yj . •/ kanzarvetar n-m. conservator of forests [E]
^^ajfkan'iarvetiv n.m. & adj. conservative [EJ

adj. cold (water) tfJ^kaii'ktrn n.f grit
gravel very small piece of stone, etc.
kahkari'la adj. (f- katkarfli gravelly

gritty

kin’ kina adj. tepid (water)

, kankav'v a n.m. kite ; paper-kite (
fJr _ kankav'va Ora' no (or barbs.' no) v..T. fly a
kite Ui)l^>kankav’va lara'na v.t. engage in a test
to snap kitestrings .

kan'ki adj. (see under n.f. if)

n.m. king [EJ

t^/kah'gal', && kahg'la adj . & n . m . ( f -

kahg'li) bankrupt poor ; penniless
pauper C*jJl)&>kah'gal' kar de'na v.t.
reduce. to bankruptcy impoverish ; make pen-
niless ilfjfjt^kak’gdl' ho ja'na v.t, become
a bankruptcy be reduced to property ; be
impoverished ; become panniless
king ’ too n.m. kangaroo [E]

uf kah'gurah (col. kifig'rah), sjjr*Jianguu rah
Os' n.m. parapet turrett jb ‘j&kah' gitra-
dar‘ adj. turreted [P]

fjtfj/' kahg'la adj. & n.m. ( f . J^kahg'll) (>cej&

JO/ kali’ gan n.m. bangle , thick bracelet
w kahg’na n.m. died yarn tied round
groom’s right or bride’s left wrist ; wrist-string
kahg'ni n.f. millet cornice bracc-
C?T, let ; light bangle

kah'gba n.m. comb weavers comb
(f** kafi’gbi n.f. comb
&o't i n.f. make-up hairdo V’JfyZir'Aah'gki

(bo'll kar'na v.t. baud or plait" the hair
do one’s make-up L'Jj^kah'gbi kar'na v.t.
comb do one’s hair dress (the hair)

kanmana'na v.i. whine ; whimpei
moon grumble be uneasy,

* i, / kan-mai'liya n.m. (see under r c /pREF. if,

•* '*'*_/ /

. .j kuhvara n.m. bachelor adj, unmarried

y(7 (man) ^jlJ^kuhtsr'-pal, kilim' -

pa' la, o/Ljljf kuhvar' -pan, bjljd'kufivar’ pa’na n.m.
maidenhood Jj^ZzrJjirkuhvar’-pote ke din' n.k. ,
pl. maidenhood (JjtJ^ktitva'rl n.f. maiden, sfcf/isfc^
virgin ^JiS J ^kihva’ rl ko armin' baya'h '

pishtman' prov. wistful before rueful after
kutva sa n.m. daughter's grandson

kanas'tar n.m. canister [E]

Z*Jkinish't n.m. pagan temple church

snynagogue [PJ . ,

- »•/ kanfar'm v.t. confirm if'y^kan'-famtshan
\yT n.f. confirmation [E]

.It j/kan'in' (or "ah) n.m. Canaan

pd'r-t kan" ah N.M. (appellation of) Jacob

l A ~Ht ,

•n'j ka'naf n.f. (pl. JfUi aknaf) side
direct ion ^IfdCkfakns'f-e ‘alam n.m. pl. all
sides of the world [AJ

jt(ka'nak n.m. (slang) wheat gold
particle f kan'ki adj. broken (rice,

etc.)

Kl kah'kar n.m. gravel small piece of
^ stone, etc. grit J^M^kah'kar pal' Aar
n.m. pl. coarse pieces of stone L'J&'/cah'kar sz

xyAuj. «. i».

Jcf kali' gan N.
(✓ kahg'na
groom’s right or
•tjf kahg'ni n.
CTT, let ; light

, j kUti'ah n.-m. well $£L-& J 'j/ ../ kan'niya n.f. (dial.) maiden 0b'{/ kan'niya-

U’s kuti'ati be’sta hai kit” eh kaTpd'm na'hth dan' n.m, (dial.) giving a wav of a girl in

bt'jha prov. quibbling Ulf fyuZ'i/k -‘SZ-Ji’ O \jr
payzfse kt pas na'hiit ja'ta
pay a' si kUh”eh ke pas ja'ta hai prov. he who has
need must take the initiative
kSh”ah (or kiti'eti) jhtthk' na v.t. look into well
as cure for hydrophobia search a lot be
tep-plusscd (ti/tfLj i^iO/kJO^ykati 'ih (or

kuh’ieh) jkahka'na (or jkahkva’ ns) cause (some-

one) to see his reflection ia a well get this
done as cause for hydrophobia perplex (^0^
kuh"ah (kala’na v.i. work a Persian wheel on the
well kip' ’ah kkod'rta v.T. dig a well

dig a pit for (someone) (!fc.J!u(tJ m jrkiih''<h
bhahg par’tia v.i. (of all) be dead-drunk
i-ias-tejjl ku‘'th par ga”t out paya’st a'e prov
an unlucky person knows nothing but depriva-
tion Kf ^iJJriS'ifijykulC'th ki mat'ti kith" eh
meh lag'na prov. ill-%ot ill-spent
kiti ’eh meh bats' dal’ tip v.t. make a thorough
search OJ.JtHjjS kdh’ ’eh meh bol’na ph. mutter
unintelligibly "(Jiy[fjuf k&a'ri kuh'’ah n.m. well
yielding brackish water {Jijflir' mi'tka kuti’ah
n.m. well yielding sweet water
**) •/ kaium'ti n . f . (horses) ear earring
V * U&y kanmi' liyah kka'ri kar'na v.t.

(of ho'rse) become alert ; raise its ears (~ tftf)
^ kUh'oar n.m. (dial.) prince

kah’val n.m. lotus b^j^Ault'Fol-gat'ta n.m.
L/-' lotus nut CSafOyifl)* dil' kn kak'val khil'na
ph. (of heart) swell with pleasure
•Y^kfla'A n.f. essence (of) reality

^ (about) [A)

.y. ^Skatuath'da (f. o*r kanmt'dt) adj.
ashamed

^Jf i'kojibayya n.m. (dial.") lovely lad this
•*V- as appellation of Hindu deity, Krishna [S]
Aa'al n.f. spark (of diamond, etc.)

V not fully boiled grains of rice

ek’ Un i nik' jam v.i. (of rice) be almost but not

fully boiled

/ kaa'a* n.f. kite- fillet ; make weight at

it* lighter end border kan'ni

kahdk'M a v.T. fillet the lighter end of kite-rib
kat'ni dt’xa V-T> bold ribs of kite to help some-
one f> ’♦ iyfi/km'id katra'na .v.i. avoid
dodge evade kan'rd tta'itf v.t. (of paper-

kite) incline to one side

marriage (S]

kanya'na v.t. avoid ; evade , dodge
.. (of paper-kite) incline to one side

I-/].

^ >1 kunyat n,f. patronymic filial a ppel-
lation [A]

^fkana' n.f. oleander

, kaniz' (dim. ani'zak) n.f.

yZ girl (fig.) devotee [P]
kani'sah n.m. church [P]

/ , ko particle (follows the object as) sign
of accusative (follows subject as) sign of
nominative when predicate is an infinite prep
to towards uplo about ; ready to
in ; in terms of ; for the sake of

/ , koo n.f. street ; a lane; a market place //
koo' ba-koo ad\>. from street to street
whefc; all over the place g/koo’ckah n.m. -A[P]
j if kav'va n.m. crow raven uvula
CJsIl/kav'va iillfiana v.t. raise (infant’s) uvula
kav'va pa r\ n.f. dark womanjlpj^/'^fifc^y'
kav'va cta'la han's At (frai ap'rd
bhi bhool' ga'ys prov. one who tries to emulate
others blindly stands to lose jjlji^./ksv've ura'm ,
y t^/kav've hak'nt n.f. maid-servant
Cinderella silly girl
J, ./ ko’ap'reuv adj. Cooperative
fjj* ko'ap'retiv sosa’iti n.f. co-operative
society I / ko'ap'reshan n.f. co-operation [B]
.( ko'&r' n.m. seventh month of Hindu
J'J calendar (same as £_^/n.m. -jf)

J> i ko'a'tar n.m. quarter Jb' 1 ,% 1 /' ko'a’tar-
JJ’s mas'tar n.m. quarter-master djrj/t jjl/
ko' a' tar-mas’ tar jan'ral n.m. Quartermaster
General [E]

\jko’a'rat,un n.f. quarantine [E]

> / kivar' n.m. -door (,"-/>< ylj'kivar' baud'

J 'J kar'najC&ltkjJyt&jl/kwar' biur'na (or de':
or lags' ita) v.t. close or shut the door JlV* Sir
kivar' kkat-kkata'na v.t. knock the doot
jff /' kavakib n.m. (pl. of tJ/

*

#1/ ko’a’Uti N.f. quality [E]

ko' ah' tets N.F. quantity fW .]

501

hota'if s.yi. particulars ; details (A ~
* si.Ni;. L>^]

hob SUi'. beating one who beats
* 6./ ko’bi suf. beating (P~ 0f./\

j. y kobafts ’ int. (used for) scaring away
crows l)**’ /kobam' kobahs’

kar’le phir'na v.i. (fig.) loiter like an idle lout
ty ^ koo'bar n.m. hump

/ kobah n.m. clod-break kobo-kart

• n.f. (arch.) beating [P~

"f ko ° 1 ’ N.F. estimate 0“ / kool'na v .t. esti-
mate

kotsh', zf ko'tah adj. small little

short brief J/l'/ko'ta-andef
AD J- .short-sighted indiscreet improvi-
dence (fZCiz/ko'ta-afide'sJn' n.f. short-

sightedness indiscretion improvidence
cC- x/ ko'ta-bifi' adj. short-sighted indis-
creet imprudence <j£- ?/ h.o' 1 a-h’ nt n.f.
short-sightedness indiscretion imprudence
&OZ/ko' la-das' t adj. weak; unable _ (to)
t ~f J (ftyko' taki-e dast' n.f. inability (to)
ko'la-'aq'l adj. unwise ko’tohi-e 'aq'l n.f.

lack of wisdom yf f/ko'ta-‘Hm'r adj. short-

lived rfy? Z/ ko'la-’um'ri n.f. early death
ka'ta-qa'mal (or qad) adj. short-
statured dwarfish undersized &>/ Z/ko‘ia-
gar' den adj. short-necked wicked J6>

ko'la-na’zar adj. short-sighted indiscreet
t improvident (fjSi zfko'la-na'r.mi, Jitf/J
kotn'hl-e na'zar n.f. shortsightedness itidis-
eretion improvidence kola' hi, if/

ko'tolA n.f. smallness shortness littleness
narrowness brevity deficiency short
fall V/tfL '"/kotislh'i kar'na v.i. fail Jack
fall short (of) make a mistake ; err if fCf
kola'ki ho' ns. v.i. (of mistake) be made lack
fail (to) t^f/ko'iak n.m. (usu. pl.) (one’s
own) doings ; (own) misdeeds [P]
y*/ ko'tal n.m. led horse horse kept for
U ■* show wcll-caparisoned horse fP]

Ujf' ko , tl i l ' r N - M - P olicc chicf (of a town)
O ii <Js kolva'H n.f. town police head-

quarters Jb/ fort-j- j )ij]

** / ko'lah adj. (short for »1/adj. ■£) //
ko'lahi n.f. (short for (fl~/) (see under
ADJ- -A)

mn m ' jacket ; coat coating [E]

|* koot'ns v.t. beat ; pound powder ,
^ * pulverize IVf /*/£/&/ koot' foot' Kax bfra'r a
ho' v.i. be full (mischief, virtue, etc.)
tK/ ko'iha n.m. upper storey brothel
*4*' barn ZL/ko'fa par, bairns

v.i. (esp.) be or become a prostitute JWjdiS
k o' the taliyah n.f. pl. prostitutes ; whores
/✓ k>*<( koik'ri n.f. small room ; cabin ; closet

uyy t- isr/}

ko'thi n.f. bungalow granary
l? ■ * masonry house ; chan.ber (of gun
wooden rim under wall of well ; curb (arch.)
factory (arch.) warehouse (arch.) banking
firm

kote'shan n.f. quotation (EJ

b

/ kot N.M

lot'll! N.M.

fort willed city ik/
fortress walled town

ban' sar km. name of a fool, fountain

/“ or river (rare) abundance [A ~
v / kooth n.m. march departure Vf%/
hooch,' kar'na v.i. march decamp
depart die ; pass away [P]
k^y' knock, £/ kooffh n.m. weaver's brush

hooch n.f. (same as fef n.f. ■*)

faf hock. n.f. coach ollf/ koch'-bsr: &>?/
kodt'-oanN.M. coach-driver [E]~ *

j kauch n.m. sofa couch [EJ

koo'cha n.m. green tamerind pod

ko'cha adj. (sec under f/ v.t. pf)

f y kojhak ' adj. small younger

‘"'if'' ‘-//£.&ieshiya'-e ka'chak n.m. Asia
Minor [P]

i‘f kotfi'iia, L// kofych'na v.t. prick

pierce U'/ ko’cha adj. pricked n.m. prick
j ^-/ko’che de'nii v.t. taunt

ko c/van n.m. (usual form of tOtf/ttc
Cr /y under fa/ hack n.f. -jk)

V koo’chah n.m. narrow street ; lane; alley
y/.sZ-f koo'cha ba-koo’chah adv. from
street to street everywhere ; all over the place
i'/lSJs f/ kon' fha-bafi'di kar’na v.t. mark off the
limits of a lane koo'cha-gar'di n.f.

wandering ; aimlessly ; roaming about [P~ /
foo]

// koo'chi kooh'cjii n.f, coarse rush
*£/ brush for whitewashing ; mason’s brush ;
whitewashing brush(ljll)lfefjy / koo’th i frhn’na
(or mzr'na ) v.t. whitewash

502

thick-headed
(rare) pack-

> W w>iaW '" F see under l‘j/ w-i. -fc)

/ / ko'd<ik n.m. baby boy stripl-
UJS ing [PJ
. / ko' dan adj. stupid

viJr n.m. stupid person
horse [PJ

i. / kood'na v.t. & i. jump leap ; bound ;

frisk rejoice ; dance about kood'

pafna v.i. jump in kood' phahd n.f.

leap and jump skipping about capers ;
gambols V/f^j/kooi’lt phir'na v.i. frisk about
with joy, etc. l‘jl i/kood mar'na v.i. jump
./ ko'do, ^jj/kodoh n.m. a kind of small
.grain l>%/^Jj,fko'doh de keparh'na ph.
fail to pay the extra two pence for manners
get cheap education

f k° r n f. border ; edge edge of nail
ls,Jj/'t<£j(st)for' dab'n3 v.i. find oneself
helpless against ^SjJkor' ka'sar n.f. slight
deficiency

f k° r adj. blind yAf j/koT-ba tin adj.
benighted jfbj/kor'-bn'tm n f. being
benighted u~?j/kor-bakh't adj . unlucky ; un-
fortunate Jf-j/kor'-bakh'ti n.f. ill-luck; mis-
fortune (*/jf kor'-^aih'm adj. blind uOj/kor'-
na'mak adj. unthankful ; ungrateful
disloyal n.m. ungrateful person tfj/ ko'ri n.f.
blindness [P]

I f ko'ra (f. Jj/ ko'ri) adj. unbleached
(cloth) unused (earthenware) blank
(paper) unlettered uneducated unscath-
ed unmarried untouched thinly popu-
lated matter curt (reply) C^-tj/ko'ra ba&na
v.i. escape unscathed ^ iff ko'ra- pan n.m.
newness inexperience ignorance de-
privation /i£ lj/ko'ra pin' 4a n.m. (fig.) virgin
\j/ko‘ rd rath' no v.i. be deprived be
ignorant ; be unlettered be blank
> /kor't te. Fi court j/jlj&tej/kor't aj'oar'dz
n.f. court of wards /f?p£>j/kor'x ifispaik'ta^t
n.m. Court Inspector; Prosecuting Inspector
kon'ship n.f. courtship (jfJyfkar't-fees, £jJj#
fees' -kor't n.f. court fees judicial stamp

ij'j i <-£/;/ korf -mar' shed n.m. court martial [E]

^ j 1 kor's n.m. course [EJ

ko'ram n.m. quorum [EJ

/ kaur'nish (ped. kUr'nish ) n.f. (pl. £/&/
U kurnishai') salutation obeisance

salute do

refuse rubbish lumber
koor'-mafh'z ad/, thick-skulled

Wir/, kaur'nish ha jet' la' tea v. i
obeisance [T]

. / ko'ri n.f. adj. see under jf if (adj.
{jjdf see under j, / adj. if)

ko'ra n.m. whip ; lash , scourge ) *—jf
ko're (or ko'ra) laga'na (or niar’na )
v.t. whip ; lash ; scourge ; castigate
kau'ra n.m. (rare) large cowrie

, b/ kto’ra n.m. dirt sweepings refuse
ids rubbish id// \j/ koc'ra kar'kax n.m.
litter

/tf

> f U.M. leprosy 0fj/korh! ta'pakna
(or choo'na) v.i. be afflicted with leprosy
Z//uZ**/korh.’ men khaj’ prov. one misfortune
added to another (fi/ko'rhi n.m. leper adj.
leprous

tsif ko'ri n.f. score ; twenty
tsif koo'ri n.f. dunghill

> f kau'ri n.f. cowrie this used as
(jjf coin son breat bone ^((Jj/ kau'ri bhar
adj. very little kau'ri pas' naho'na v.t.

be hard up; have no money d/jffijjf kau'ri
pits' ra kar'na v.t. run to the market every now
and then unnecessarily ; to be coming and going
constantly without purpose Jl*'/' fistf!/ kau'ri
haram' IQq'mah halal' prov. strain at a gnat and
swallow a camel f if;/ kau'ri ka adj^ worth-
less ; good-for-nothing mean if kau'ri

ka ad' mi n.m. mean or worthless fellow J^tflJj/
kau'ti ka mal' n.f. worthless stuff dlfjpftfjf
kau'ri ka ho ja'na v.t. become worthless f^/jf
U> kau'ri ha' Jan ko na ho na v,r. be penniless ;
have no money tjjf (/Jf kau'ri kau'ri n.f. every
farthing Vj'ij! tjjffjf kauri kau'ri ada' kar'na
v. pay every farthing V f fp if j f if t /kau'ri kauri
jor'na v.t. save up every farthing ; save every
bit t’l OpifjftS^/k au'ri kau'ri chuka'na v.t. pay
in full kauri kau'ri ko taftg'

ho'na v.t. be reduced to abjecs poverty
kau'ri kos' daur'na v.i. be very greedy ; run up a
mile for a penny CfJp/f }f kau^rl ko na poo(hh.’nu
v.i. regard as worthless k/(£c£%if*Sk°u'ri kt
tin' fin bik'rta v.i. sell very cheap have no
value left be disgraced- \dr, * \f ("If/ f// kau'ri
ke kam ka na ho' ns v.t. be worthless ; be good for
nothing l/j //(JJ;/ kauri' y oh ke mol' bik'na v i
go very cheap t/f/^j^phoo'ti kau'ri n.f. (usu

J

50 1

neg.) sou ±j/ kau'rpO' adj. worthless
(rare) damn cheap (V* Ij/kauri'ydt gbulam' n.m.
(fig.) devoted person JJls/kauriya'Ia adj. & n.m.
spotted (snake) u .

. / kooz pref- hump ; hunch •~*%j/kooz'-
Jj fiOsh't adj. hump-backed ; n.m. hunch-
back [P]

/ koo' tah n.m. pitcher ; goblet small
OjJ earthem pot Xoj/koo' za-gar n.m. potter
\$j ijf koo’zo-ga'tn n.f. pottery koo'zah

mis’ri n.m. crystallized sugar lump VjjfL
koo' ze meh darya' bahd kar'na v.T. put something
in a nutshell

^ / kos n.m. league unstandardized
C J J distance measure calculated variously

from oue-and-a-quarter to three miles sj>Oy/
ko'soh door adv. at a great distance ; far away
■^iJy'/dJfka'le ko'soh par adv. far away ifyjjfjy'/
ko'soh door' bhzg'na v.i. shun ; avoid
U/ ko'sa n.m. (see under foll. if)

kos'na v.T. curse ; imprecate n.m.
curse imprecation tsj kJ-fkos'ne de’rta
y.t. curse; imprecate & — P*'™ />!/*’
kar kos'na v.i. curse greatly U/ ko's'a n.m. curse;
imprecation tytfl/ko'sa-ka'ti n.f. curse
taunt

koo’sah adj. (same as adj. if)

jff kau'kab n.m. (pl. <■/'/ kava'kib\ small
• * star (A) u

// kau'kabah n.m. (royal) procession i&PffJ
*** * kau'kaba-e sha'ki n.m. royal proces-
sion [P]

I „ . A ///to*' shas'tar n.m. a popular sex-
manual for males ; sex Stado-

>/

i / kosh sup. attempting ; endeavouring
U Jr labouring J&f ko'shah adj. attempt-
ing ; endeavouring struggling

ko’ shaft ho' ns v.i. make a bid^r^-^/to'iAfiA n.f.

bid ; attempt effort ; endeavour exer-
tion ; labour L'/fjr^fkofshirh kar'na v.T. make
an attempt have a go (at) [P~

kau’shik n.m. (lit.) palace [P]

— if kof’t n.f. .vexation anguish
**SJr fatigue [P ~ (/>/]

»» / koj’tah n.m. mince ball (pl.) dish
*** prepared from it ; stewed mince ball
adj. powdered ; pulverized beaten ;
pounded t/- Z ^J'koj’ ta-o-bekh’ tah adv. pounded
and sifted adj. sifted 'powder [P~prec.]

Jf kook n.f. (see under // kook'na V.T. if)

kok n.f. (see under // kok'na v.t. ★)

Iff

ko'ka n.m. small nail

mecum

.»/(' kook'na v.t. wind up (watch, etc.)
^ * shriek (of cuckoo) cry J/im
n.f. winding cry (of cuckoo) ONO.

,// kook’na v.t. baste <J/ kok n.f. tack

{//

kok' nor n.m. poppy poppyhead (F)

"If kok' rd adj. short n.m. a kind of blue
w * colour

// too' koo n.m. cooing (of dove) (oho.)

// ko’ko n.f. cocoa [E]

// ko'kah n m. foster-brother child of
one’s wet-nurse [Tj

kokk F. abdomen ; belly .womb
** (fig.) children ; offspring tytyjCf
kokk. u'jar ja'na v.i. have lost all one's children
(^^/kokk’-ja'li adj. barren woman
kokk' H at A' NF. maternal love Cff/f/WkStd
lag'na v.i. feel very hungry fytfji/SW
ma'n ja'na v.i. (of woman) become barren
y/ s kokaV'i n.m. i kind of reddish bin*
(J> * colour

// kokin' n.f. cocaine m

t / koul n.m. handful of grabt put b mill
Qy at one thne morsel canal distri*.
butory ; small canal
^ ka'ual n.m. grain not fully i

^ ko'la n.m. (arch, or dial, for Sf n.m. if)

kau'la n.m- doorway side ride wait;

Jj^kol'iar (j/jCtar'kol KM. tar; coahar flj

Of kol'na v.t. bore (with drill)

it / koo'lka ii/ koo’ la • n.m, haunch; (tip
V&A./ koo' Hu matka'na v.T. walk with
blandishing gait belly-dance .
j /ko'lhoo N.M. oil-expeller oil press ! £jpko Hot
JFJ cjiala'na v. set up or run an oil press (JyKjd/'

(J/

504

brace

if

ko'lhoo ka bail' N.m. ox driving an oil

press person following killing routine Vy

ko'lhoo mefi petiia' de’im v.t. crush in a mill
torture to death ; annihilate
i / ko'li n.m. weaver dark tint caused

(/ by henna

i / Aai//! embrace armfulfl^i^V tyfjs
0* kau'li bhar'na (or men le'na) v.t. tm-
greedy

ko'mal adj. tender soft downy

O/a o' mall a n.f. (dial) .tenderness
, j koo'mal, J* / koomhal fif/ kooH'bhnl n.m.
{JJ> housebreaking hole made for the
purpose koo'Mhl lag&'na v.t. break into

a house **

, / kmn' x.ji. existence that which
w-* exists world universe tf&juj/kau'n-
o-mokafi x-M- universe ‘ alam-e kau'n-o-

fasad' x.m. the world of existence and destruc-
tion i£/ kau’nain ' n.m. pl.

* . j kaun pronv who which what
U* Is 0/ kaun’ ss, {Jsf kauri sa adv which
which one what sort of

f t / koon n.f. anus Jj koo'ni n.f. cata-
U* mite [P]

i, / ko'nn , >/} o' Rah n.m. comer’ side
** (l//l)ij]j-d/ko'na khud'ra (or -kiit'ra)
n.m. some corner every nook and corner
Vs It k o'ne kh.ud're efthari mar' no v.i.

search every nook and corner j Iss/ ko'ne-dar adj.
cornered ; angular

ij/ koh' pal n.k. shoot ; sprouting leaf
(JF-J ( ) VstfiJ'/ koh’ pal phoot'na (or ni'kalna)
v.t. (of leaf) sprout

/ kohlk'na v.t. put pressure on bowels for
evacuation

i/ hoof) n.m. heron

/ koofich, kooch. n.f. one of. the five
tendous at back of kee 1>V koofi chch
kat nd v.t. hamstring

kooiicJi , Q,f kooch n.m. (same as
kootfi if)

kaun' (h.a n.m. grain-parcher’s handled
pan

IZf kohcjfna v.t. (same as Ojj v.t. ■*)
koheb'b n.f new tooth', lank tooth

"m t

& koofi da n.f. (same as tf/ n.f. *)

V

&

/ kaufid'nn v.i. (of lightning) flash U/
v>y kaufi'da n.m. Hath (of lighting)
thunderbolt *~&(f&£/kaufi' de At la' pak n.f. flash
of lightning . C& Ij/kaufi'ds la'pakna v.i. (of
lightning) flash

h m F koofi da, n.m. earthen trough (usu. kneeding
flower) , dough trough VS &/ koofi da
kar'nd subject to mass criminal assault by
turns ruin V/fd—si/kooiide bhar'nu x.m. ritual
feast in commemoration of the Sm'ite Imam
Jafar Sadiq

. >. / koafidi n.F mortar

I S S kauri' r5 adj. & n.M. (dial.) simple-mind-
ed person

J / kaufisd n.f. council counsel^/
(j ■ y kauhs'lar n.m. councillor [E]

k 00 *’ koofi n.f cry of puppies [oxo. J

d/ koo'm n.m. (see under koon n.f ★ )

dif
off

duaI] . .

/ , koh n.m. mountain hill lid

ko'h-e d lash-fish an n.m. volcano
ko'h-e a'lam (or gb am') too-t'na v.t. be faced with
a calamity (jjs^i/ko'h-e be-sUloofi n.M. Iranian
mountain where the legendary' lover, Farhad,
cut out a canal to secure his mistress jfji/koti-
pai'kar adj. huge; gigantic sLfjkak-sar', j{^/
kohsar’ n.m. range of mountains d&~fJ'kohislari
N.m. mountainous country ; hilly tract ; high-
land ‘6 V^f/kohisla’ni adj. hilly ; mountainous
n.m. highlander jj* »/ ko'h-e loir' n.m. (wrong
but usual form) Mount Sinai cj 1 / koh' -k an n.m
mountain-digger ; (as aft epithet of Farhad)
tiy»dxf»/kok'-kafi dan-o kab! bar-avar'dan
prov. the mountain was in travail to bear a
mouse /j g/ko’h-e noor' n.m. the Koh-i-Noor ;
world's largest Diamond ($/ ko'hi adj. hilly ,
mountainous IP)

kohari n-m. hump (of camel) (P~prec.]

honin' (or ka-) n.f. quinine [E]

kaunairi x.m. pl. the world and the
Hereafter the two worlds [A~ (jf

0)1/

. s/ ko"elah n.m. charcoal coal
Jr P Id ko' 'eloh ki dalta'li mefi mufih ka la
prov. he who handles peat is bound to defile
his fingers (jtf($£/ko"*le ki kan' n. f. coalmine
>'/ i(/%pafthar ka ko"elah n.m. coal J 1 / if $*/*
lak’ri ka ko”elah n-M- charcoal

505

<)U>

\ (* ko'i pros . anybody some6ody
0* adj. any some tif ko"i bai

n a /lift ph. it matters little Of /(>{}fko"i
dam ka mehman ' ho no. v.i. be about to die
■f ko”i din ja'la hai ke prov. soon

enough Ut f ■ > (jfko , 'i dam meft' adv. soon
in a moment J ^/ko"i msl'

mas'l ko‘'i hai (or kkai) mas’l, prov. one is con-
tent in poverty, another is happy in his riches
li/ (j / ko”i ko”i ADJ. a few rare

hardly any $/■*$/ ko' j n a ko”t prov. & adj.
some one tp the other somebody

na' hiffpooeph' tit

ke tumha'rc muft/i meft kai dan l haift prov no-
body is solicitous for you everyone is free to
do what he likes

^ / ko'yah, l/ ko'ya n m comer (ol the
•• ” eye) cocoon (of silkworm)

,/*y ka’d n.m. (dial.) poet 1 'sjka'vila n f
^ (dial.) poetry verse IS]

i " Y ko’ya l (or n.f Indian cuckoo Ul/
U " koya/ya n.f (dial or dim for) ff

n.f. *)

• / kg' (or keh) pron who which that
~ what conj. that as ; use if ,
whether for when suddenly [PJ

Y ( keh adj. mean small jzf keh’iar adj.

inferior junior smaller s * /
ke'hro-meh' n.m. pl. high and low (P]

^ kah n.m. (short for ^n.f. *)

koh n.m. (shortened form of t/' ^ M

^ kaih v.i., (imp. ol tf v.i. ■*)

ka'ha n.m spoken word saying
order • command word of advice
recommendation ka'ha ba'da n.m ^

ka'hi ba'di n.f. pledge mutual agreement
li-^1 f ka'ha su'ns n.m- ka'hi su’m n.f

advice instigation ' harsh reply adj
well-known '<f ka'ha kar'na v i carry
out the instructions (of) obey orders (of)
act upon the advice (of) (J/l if ka'ha manna v.t
obey act upon the advice

£(/ khabai adj. uneven

kha'ta pf ta adj. (see Under v T *)

+tff

Aia/'riN K riparian crop

ji/

x(/

kha n n.m. carpentet
kha'lah, f U- kba'ta n.m.

account

ledger ; day book tCJt*j>jO>fCt/kha'iali
khoirtn (or dai'na ) v.t.- open an account
kha’lejpar'na v.i. be entered into an account
t£jb I'lfkha'ta-va'ri n.f. ledger entries (, m dfA
bat'tah-kha'la n.m. loss account bad debt
£jf*~ bat'tc-kha’te par'na v.i. prove a bat)
debt Clf f. bn'hl-kha'ta n.m. account book;,

> . / khat n.f. {abb. khat) cot , bed,
bedstead bier ifjLlf khat' bUhnu
v.t. plait with rush Cjdat^^S'lfkhat' se UtZr'fta
v.t. (Hindu dial.) lav (dying person) on ground
l*l< £ if khat' bunana v.t. get cot plaited with
rush down ; regard him as approaching *z-iflf
l‘lf khat se lag' ja'na v.i be bad-ridden
tf yfjj if kbit kha(o'la n.m- goods and chattels
khat' nikal'na v.t. die C&'*£>lf‘()tfK
macjimachati khat nikalna v.i. (as curse) die in
one's youth lx t^lfkka i-bd'na n.m. bed-weaver .

^ N,F ’‘ch -double, of.^J

(/{/ kka'ja n.m pie-crust food
• . cherished food

ifkhad' (rarecx if khat) n.f. manure<>^J(/>* -/
sbf masnoo 'i (or kimy&'vt) khad n.f arti-
ficial (or chemical) manure
lJj\J)kha'di n.f home-spun cotton , ‘Khaddar

..fkha'dar n.f. & ai>j low moist alluvial
' ■'^Iand ; lowland

tfkahar' n.m. palanquin-bearer (dial.)

^ water-carrier scullion (/jlfkaha’ri n.f
palanquin-bear’s wife scullion femalr

water-carrier wages of palanquin bearer
,(khaf' n.m. impure carbonate of potash or

-^^soda alkaline earth ifjlfkhar’ lag' tea v i
be impregnated with alkalies

^khar'va n.m coarse red cotton used is

curtain-cloth or for wrapping
tftekha Vl adj brackish (water, well, eto )

^ jkha’rl n f
(jj Ingulf

creek

straits

bay

fifkkas n.f large nei for carrying dung-cakes
^ / '^etc. in

/U

n.m rhinoceros horn (used as stick
handle, etc )

khak'si n.f. streaks on belly, etc: resulting
from (frequent) childbirth
ai n.f. skin hide bellbws b’jlljtf

\ljfSlikhai ular’na (or kfuftep'na) v.t. skin;

flay ; beat blue and black charge ah exorbi-
tant rate I'*? (ap’ni) kkal' men mas’ l

ho'r.a v.i. be content with one’s lot
ill fkhit'la k .m. pit lowland abounding in

r ^ stframc

kha'ya pi'ya mkal'na v.t. beat black and

blue

£/j^iaha!nat n.f. soothsaying n.m. <£ [A]

^ / strcams t£ijfa sh '& a n.“- coop ; hen-coop

.tiikhan .n.f. (dial.) (same as^MlN.F. *) S' n.f. pannier basket with lid

. /u... „ „ .... C I

.ijka'hah adv. where whither whaka ,
place why ; where fore nowhere
ka'hzft par adv. where ; at ; what place to
\ hat degree how far Who.’ hail- lak (arch (JlA
t^'kahaii talak'\ adv. how long ; how far
to _ what degree ; to what extent
(fcj&Jl/ka'hun rajah bhof ha' hah gahg'va te'li
prov. t stars not visible by sunshine
(j/ jt ha' hrm ram’ ram ha' haft tain' tain ph. what
a world of difference ^s. yifka’han se adv. whence
where from; from where ft<—<(2aS.(Jl/'ka’/(sn se
ta'pak pa t a ph. how does (he, etc.) happen to
be here U'ka'hah ka adv. of what place
what type jfj (jt/ yf(jk/ha‘hah ho ka'hah na ho'
who knows where he (etc.) may be (etc.) (s/Olf
(t>J iJf/ka' hah ( yeh ) ktihafi (ivh) PH. what a differ-
ence between (this and that)

,,i /kkii'na v.t. eat sup dine eat up;

* devour swallow consume draw in
breath ; inhale corrode embezzle ; defal-
cate accept bribe n.m. eating food ;

meals supper dinner fare ; board
feast L'ljhsjirUkka’na aur ghfirra'na v.t. be un-
grateful Cp.liUkka'na pi'na v.t. eat and drink
n.m. food ; meals board; fare entertain-
ment CtCle/kha'ta pi' I a adj. well-to-do (person)
iLsjLj VjCk/kha'na kar'na (or dt'na) v.t. give
feast or banquet ; throw a party kha'na

kka'na v.t. take food ; have one’s meals
lunch sup dine l‘ll*CL/kka na kkiid’ita v.t.

feed give food in charity to give feast
tO 0/ W^Ukka ne ka kam'rah n.m. dining-
room tsC^tfZL.ifjz.t/kknne kamd'ne ka thik'ra
ph. means of livelihood child adopted to
grow up into a bread-winner kha’ne

ko daur'tua v.i. be surly pounce upon )[£
kka'oo n.m. & adj. glutton spendthrift
defalcator jrfljL/kia 'oo ura'oo n.m. & adj.
spendthrift jtlJ>>fjf J .tli//d^(akka''e par kha'ya
voh ' bin gahva’ya prov. greed causes double loss
l' U. iye man' bka'ta

pai'hanye' jag' bkala prov. cat according to
personal tastes dress according to public taste
kha'ya piya ang' lag'na ph.
assimilate food have a strong boay thus ig ltf\

/khafid n.f. sugar unrefined sugar
powdered sugar

.Mu /kkah'da n.m. double-edged sword
/>^’(dial.) (same asifii^N.M. khan’ da

baj’ita v.i. (of swords) clash.; (of sword fight)
occur

i.j./kkahs'na v.i. cough signify thus that
one is awake or present kkaftsi n.f.
cough \it(f^l^khansl a’na v.i. cough suffer

from cough

/kaha'm n.f. tale story ; fable
(rare) plot made-up affair bjypfii/kaha'm
jor'nav. t. make up or concoct a story
(rare) prepare a plot cJ 'jfU kaha 1 hi kaih' na v.t.
tell a tale [ ~ cf ]

.* j /kaha' vat n.f. saying l w )

‘—'jLV

oo adj. (see under k/v.t. ■*)

^(^hka"i n.f. ditch ; moat

j ^khab'ba adj. left-hander

1* J^ckub'na, ilru^kkub Jana v.t. & i. sink
*<r ‘ penetrate stick in fascinate ;

charm

7- t^hkappach' n.f (diai.) splinter (of piece
of bamboo, etc.) lean person

• "Akapana v .t . kka' pat n.f. (see under

bl^FOLL. -*)

‘ / kh-ap'na v.i. be used up be consumed

l*ir be dried up be disposed of be
wasted pass muster (Likkapa'na v.t. St i.
use finish abst spend waste (one’s

life) L'ufabjan' kkep., ..a v.t. peak and pine y'
L'l/magh'z kkapa'na v.i. undergo mental
strain try to drive something home (to)

^ ^ kka'pqt n.f. sale consumption

f*kkapatli'&i n.f. splinter (of bamboo, etc.)

%

tkkap'ra n.m. roofiing tile p 0 t sherd
y/f broad-pointed arrow scale

kkapiail' n.f. tiling tiled

kkapraiV ctka'na v.t, tile (a roof

507

ut.

Jf^khaprail' n.f. (sec under i/tfv.M. ★)

1*1 /Lkhapram v.t. grout

kkal'ta n.m. (S fdut'ti n.f. underground

UP

thing

granary ; grain pit such store for any-

y kkatau'ni n.f. annual land revenue record

~ Heh'lar adj. (see under /★)

rf

•*^khal'M n.f. (same as *)

J kaiti iehaih ph. (see under \aih'na if)

fi fjf khatya'na v.t. (see under stf'if)

] bj£khct n.f. knock tap clatter

khat-pax n.f. vyrangle ; brawl ciash
(of weapons) clank*^t^A:iat' se adv. at once
with a clank ^J^kkat' kirn n.f knock-
ing repeated raps clank fclMkha'ta pa’ti
n.f. wrangle ; brawl clash (of weapon) ;
clank, lj/(£.{i£khata-pa'ti ho'nav.x. wrangle
r> n!f - (short for if)

[ ),j lfat )i.». & pref. (short for (A^adj. if)

n.f. clash ; clank [ono.)

ipfkhm'ta adj, sour acid n.m. citron
** Jjgkhat'ta tbook' adj. very touriJUfkhatas
n.f.' acidity : sourness sag n.m.

sorret^jf Ufc&uffiji) khax'tz mi'xha ho'na v.i. be
tempted (UfljjJh'Jjfkhat mi'tha (or mit'tka) adj.
sour-sweet taste 'fi&kkata'l n.f. sauce
acidity acid t tikhata,”* mtn pax'na v.i.

(of jewellery) be put into the acid put in
cold storage ; be shelved l>0 J !>^i}^khnta ’ i
men dal' raki'na v.t. put (jewellery) in acid
for dean-sing put in cold storage ; shelve
khax' xe mi'tke din n.m. PL. days of
pregnancy ly; j* (or dil) khat'ih ho'na

v.i. take offence be fed up
(fpSkhtitrag' n.m. fuss ; ado wrangling

../Cfkha'xakna v.t. rample offend stick
lA** (the mind )x*@fkka'tak n.f. pain khax'ka
n.m. scruple fear apprehension hitch in
the mind presentiment V& K>kkat’ka log'na
v.i. fear; have an apprehension; be appre
hensive (of)

,,fi±kku'takna v.i. come out of egg by cracking
its shell [ono.]

^ ^^t’jf khaxkhaxa'na v.t. knock ; knock at [ono. |

^j£kkat'mal n.m. bug [~

pjfkkat' too n.m. & adj. bread-winner

If N.M. Jffkkato'ti n.f. small bed

ikJ ,khot‘ya n.f. small bed C&L&klu tt’ji ni'kalno
v.i. die (esp. in youth) [~JslA dim,]
/^khatik’s.M. tanner this as a caste
tm *iT kkatik’ni n.f. female member of

a tanner’s family tanners wife
,j£kfaj'n& v.t. be , vexed be incensed .

take umbrage at & kkij n.f. vexation
nickname (yfkhija'na, CJ&gf kkifnikal'na v.t
vex tease call names
m /khuja'tta, I’D^khijlA'nav.T. scratch
t tickle itch ; have the itch kh. j'h

n.f. itch (in animals) mange (hg.)
pruriencetO'f; khuj'li utk'na (or ho'na

v.i. itch (fig.) have itch (to) ; have a

temptation to beat ; be beaten, etc. (vul.) be
prurient

j£kiajoor‘ n.f. date date-palm a
j jT kind of sweetmeat looking like date-stone
tfjjfkhcjoo'r i adj. of or like date well-
plaited (hair)

J> , £ kka'dia kkaefi' adv. closely (packed.
Q/ l? ,or stuffed) very much (crowded) l£
I'y; I fakin' cha khach’ bka'ra ho'na v.u be
overcrowded be stuffed together

b ^khich ' w N-F- rice boiled in split pulse
(J (F, berry flower plot mixture
hotch-potch ; hodge-podge assortment (of)
adj. grizzled (hair) assorted (stuff)
t%kh.ifh'ii ptika'na v^r. mix together ; jumble

make a mess of,

^kkidfna, l£*kkttit£ na v.i. be drawn
be distended be attracted be estrang-
ed* ( Iff. HZ kj I'tfl/ khicha ja'na (or eh a’ la ana)
v.i. be greatly attracted move fast towards
Lfj l^kki'fha raih'na v.i. be estranged
avoid; evade be glum skfkkicha"o, ^
khUi^ta'o, eZjl/f kkifha'vat Jp/g*kkificli&'vat n m
tension pul 1 estrangement e* u*'i

ajr^N.r. dragging; pulling: price paid for
drawing li/f khie&oa'na, (i/? kkih&vana v.t
cause to draw cause to pull cause to
drag

i * i M}j&kklidiana V.T. get en-

graved get tatooed cause to dig
cause to sink ( well) excavate ^[/Ykhuda' 'l,

^Oj^kiwdva'l \ excavation carving ,
engraving tatooing digging sinking (of
well, etc.) remuneration for any of these
,*i Ykhadbadana v.i. simmer jkjYkkad' bad n.f
‘' ef'e^simmer (ono. ]
j^khari’dar s. m. homespun cotton cloth

| .(kh.ud'ta ad), uneven n.m. comer (usu. as)
^ \jjYxf ko'na khud'ri ph. (see under l’/

KM *)

i. AWw v.i. be carved be engraved
be tatooed be dug out be excavated
(of well, etc.) be sunk ( - L jjS]
k/khnd n.m. valley gorge ; chasm
■^^ravine lj&kkad'da n.m. pit cavity
dimple

. f kfkhiid' di n.f seat or compartment in latrine;
privy stool ; privy seat ,

and crv make a fuss kohrdm' ma & js'ni

v.i. (of lamentation) occur
• n.f. stench ; offensive smell

*/ burnt taste

t_j j(kha'rab adj. a hundred thousand million

iX'khar,

I jkah-ruba (or kaih-) n.m. yellow amber
electricity lyfkahrQbn''l n.f. electric [A -
P ,\fkay+ i; snatcher]

, /kbit/' pa 'n.m. hoe Dl a X'^\f}^kkJur'pa Ja'h
safibkal'na v.i (have to) act as a grass-
cutter J^Ykkiir'pt n.f weeding knife

scraper '

Y^khJii'loi AD). straightforward out-
YS spoken
^ jLkka'raj n.f bass

VS

I LkhiiTja n.m. change , small coins {~P t>jS'
-V^CORR]

i<wi khM'rachna v T. scrape scratch i^r
•j/ khur'chnn n.f. (pot or milk) scrapings

l*(r f'khudtr' rid v r pursue , chase SAP kkuder , /kbur' dui a adj. F .tfjj^kkur'du

* Yy n.f. pursuil ^ rough uneven sht

Yltih rys . i X koh'ta n.m fog ; mist Ij jJI/f polished (Jljj^khUr'duia pan n.m.
^ koh'r-alood' (or alua'dah) foggy ness - unevenness

Y k'sur n.m. cloven hoof ; hoof cough i / khar'sa n.m dry summer l

/ sound oi coughing ,<j>Xkhur~bafi ' di n.f. par'na v.i. (of weather) be dr\

I Jckkurdura adj. f .tfjj^kkur' ditri) rugged

rough uneven shaggy un-
polished ijjXkhiir'duia pan n.m. rugged-

unevenness

/ sound of coughing tfj>/kkka>-bafi'di n.f. / par',
shoring (of horse, etc. ) jljY kkur'-dar' adj. hoof- i/kka'n
rd ( khnf mita'na (or kho'na) Us powd
v.t. annihilate XiYY^

Y kkar'ra n.m. curry-comb draft (of is t

letter, etc.) rough account Ip/jXkhar'ra I /XkSr'i
kar'iu t v.r. turn , Yf

Ykkttr'ra Mr), {r. HyrkfcUr'ri) uncovered (bed \Y /pkhai
or cot) curt (reply) harsh surly [X • ' / ( u ' t
hhaia adj. (I- - . y£kha'ri) genuine unalioy- jja/kkh'r
<d pure straightforward honest valid ys baiidh
(bargain) standard (weight) true good; heal

right j^l/ Ckkara-pan n.m. honesty *J jp^krt'i

frankness genuinness f^T^AAa'/o kko'ld adj. Ys

genuine or spurious good or badcJj/ljJrX liV®'
kka'ra khota pa' rakki) a v.t. judge people '‘s' for

know one’s friend and foe know right from and must!
wrong iC/tf^kka ri suna'na v.i. give a curt . /MS'/
reply not to mince words r/ J

khan muzdoo’rl chokka kam prov. a good servant ^ j? kkar
must have good wages (/lsl(£Xkh.a' ri asa'mi n.f 1 **

truttvorthy person one fair in his dealings ^ af >

* /kobran.' n weeping ; wailing ; lameiita- l, / kka'ra

S1COO UUVtCUKVOJ .

i / khar'sa n.m dry summer t ^[s^khar' a.
par'na v.i. (of weather) be dry and hot

X:

kali ram' nmcha'nu v i

hue and cry fuss ; ado
<i 'na v i bewail raise

meiita- I , A

wvX

i/kka'ral n;f. mortar v/jX^ a ,a ^ Par'na v.t.
Y/ powder ; pound ; pulverise

Y jf'Y' khUr' khan si INT. (nurs.) away with
(s'&X this cursed cough
^j£kkur’li n.f manger

iX Y kkaran'ja, tfyY kharanja n.m. pavement
*s\ (with upright breaks)
b.Ykii&'raiid n.m, scab; cicatricelJ^’>^*ft.fi'rajid
Xs baiidh.' na v i. form a scab be about to

^J^khn ni n.f. a kind of fruit like rawdaie

Ykai'harv a n.m. name of a musical mode

I/J/t f or morning a kind of lascivious danc<
and music associated with palanquin-bearers
. Ykhu'ri n.f. shoe (for horse) iron heel
^I-^/Vm it] .

, Ikhar'yi n.f chalk , a piece of chalk
khar'ya mat'u n.f chalk . ,

, Ykharai'r a n.m. curry comb Wr^khataira
£/ kar'na v cvrry (a horse)

kar'na v cvrry (a horse)

Xkha'ra adj. (F.^^i-a'ri) standing up-
j/^right perpendicular vertical erect
steep (of rice) not fullv cooked elongated

(vowel) .(J&ffi&i a'ra da”oii n.m. stake laid half- I confounded v.i. look blank feel mortified
heartedly when quitting ; last stake Cfjijpkha'ta be confounded tfJi l^Jkktsya na pan n m.
raih'rS v.i. stand keep standing stay humiliation mortification clashment
wait kh a'rd kar'na v.T. raise cause I being confounded C\fypil^0khisya'na ho jd'rta

to stand set upright (vul.) make penis erect v.t. feel humiliated be mortified be

set oh foot set up ; establish build confounded be abashed s

institute (case) procure a fictitious person for, / kah'f n.m. catacomb ca vec>/‘-'U*l

some purpose kka’rs kket n.m., (J* ashab-t kah'f n.m. pl. companions of the

khja’n jas'l n.f. standing crop khel catacomb (A]

n.m. fair dealing swift work Cyp ipfkka'ra kah'-kashdh (or kaih'-) n.f. Galaxy,

ho'na\. I. stand stand up rise beset Milky Way [P~ ^hay-f- draw-

up be instituted be built l^P'jk^/kka'rc ing]

P&'rti na pi'na v.t. stay noteven for a moment^p . j, (jL kkakkar'nd v.t. scoop scrape
di/>kka're kha'rt adv. standing all the while search out

in or for^a short while just now soon b jff kkakker' n.f. vain or bootless labour

lljfyxbl^kha'rr gkat dkalvs’ns v.t. get expressly yJT quarrel k&l^f^hhakher' utfia'na v.i.

washed undergo - bootless labour

kkara"oh n.m. sandals tUS kah’-gil (or kaih-') n f. mud plaster

* (j'* [P~ tfK'hay-i- mud]

f*f K b£ kkarban'rm v.i. clatter /, j# kkar'bar Lf kah'l n.m. middle-aged person [A]

•■is’, kkar barm hat n.f. clatter ^ / /

Hbjf kha'rakna v.t. rattle cling rustle L& kkal n.f. (same as J* khal'h x.r. itj '
y be knocked clash; clank Vhjf v'V s /

kkar'ka n.m. knock foot-fall /W khMl imp. khSlfi adj. (see under

kfrarkhara'na v.t. knock rap rattle ** . khul'na v.i. -A) ✓

threaten *£flpf*pkkar-kkara'kat n.f. knock kh.il (imp. jjA kki'la adj. see under Q&

rattle clatter rustle 4/ khil' na v.i. if)

JL kkir’ki n.f. window casement b.t/ kkilar adj. play frolicsome n.m

r kah'f n.m. pl. companions of the

*£> 'VTM* I u nnxi CdldLUiuu

swift work Cy; Ipfkka'ra kah'-kashnfi (or kaih'-) n.f. Galaxy,

stand up rise be set Milky Way [P~ ^hay-f (lizS draw-

be built '^i^kka're ing]

t not even for a moment^p (, fj, kkakkor'ns v.t. scoop scrape

search out

kkir'kf n.f. window casement

kkaraft'ja n.m. same as n.m. -A)

kharaftk’ adj. (of bread) very dry

kharaifidt n.f. defect cavil

kkaraifich' ni'kal'na v.t. (at)
kkaraiiifhiya n.m. caviller f'

y £ khu'sar phu'sar, <jrf? 1/ khSs pkus n.f.

whisper; whispering
kku’sarpku'sar (or khus' pkus) kar'na v.i. whTsper *
khas’ra khasrah n.f. measles

, Y £ khi’saknS v.i. slip out slink away
draw (oneself) away slide

khiska'nn v.t. slide draw, or move away
steal irlakc away with spirit away
tlfitsC^khi'sek jtlna v.i. slip away slink
away decamp (with)

f. J> £ kitin' na V.T. pluck tear at ctj-d’

khosox' n.f. tearing at snatching

depredation ,

khisy&'na adj. (f. kkisya'ni)

- tiimiliaffd mnrtifieH ^hashed

fe jT± kkakhor'nd v.t. scoop scrape
search out

k Jfi, kkakker' n.f. vain or bootless labour
JZT quarrel l'&l%f&hkakka' uxha'ns v.i.

undergo" bootless labour
gf kah’-gil (or kaih-') n.f. mud plaster
\ (P~ oK'hay-r $ mud]

L^f kah'l n.m. middle-aged person [A]

kkal n.f. (same as khal'li n.f. if,

llP kkil imp. Ihf kkttla adj. (see under ijf

y U kkul'na v.i. ★) _ ✓

khil (imp. kki'la adj. see under Q&
khil’na v.i. if)

biij? khilar adj. play frolicsome n.m.

Iibertive n.f. loose or wanton
khilar'-pan n.m. playfulness (fjlk&knila'ri n.m.

player one expert at a game sportsman
adj. playful frolicsome funny veteran
Urfil/'kkila'riyafi n.f. pl. pranks frolics

,i £ khil a nd v.t. feed feast cause to
l IM? eat cause to take (oath) l'l£
cams.) ,

f / khila'ra v.t. cause to bloom [ ~ C

I'll* CAUS.]

r... t£ kkila'na v.t. cause to play allt

vlk* 10 pi a y (with) sport with ami

[~ CAUS.]

. / kaihla'na v.t. be called cause

tiW sa y cause to reprove or rccommei
l' I kaihalva'na v.t. if [ ~ l 'J CALS.)

< kkila'i N.F. dry-nurse remuner

(jl* tion for nursing feeding suppor
maintenance J^kkila'i pHa'i n.f
maintenance maintenance charges ( - l‘H *
fjf kkal' ball n.f. hurly-burly ; bustle
($• confusion commotion ; agitation
perturbation panic khJ'bali pm

at

snatching

humiliated mortified abashed

g v.t. cause to play allow

r (with) sport with amuse

I

xa v.t. be called cause to
cause to reprove or recommend
'na v.t. if u/ CALS.]

» N.F. dry-nurse remunrr.i-
ir nursing feeding support .

510

v.i. be in a state of bustle be agitated ;
be in a commotion be grcatlv perturbed
feel panickv OijJ^kkal' bah ffa V,T«
throw into confusion cause a commotion
create a panic

"« v.i. giggle 1

khilkkila kt hafis'rta v.t. .have a hearty
laugh ; burst into laughter kh.it' khil N , F .

giggle

kkil'ntt v.i. bloom bio? som ; flower
*" be parched (of paster) crack be

delighted become happy J* khil'lo n.f,
jocose woman woman fond of laughing with-
out a cause

i*tjk bhSl'na v.t. open be uncovered

be laid bare be cut open open out
be unfastened (of sky) clear (of
appetite) come back (of tongue) become loose
be manifest ; become clear be known
become free (with) .
f hhilaftd'ra (f. tfjxi* khilahi'ri) adj.

playful ; sportive fond of playing ;
inattentive to studies [ ~ ctSl
•. if kaihtdva'ta v.t. cause to say give
v •Jr' a message send a recommendation

i~ vu/y

t.» . khilva'na v.t. cause to open or be open
«d [ ~ Ojf]

Vl khilvana v.t. cause to eat cause
to take (oath) [~ 'vikf ]

r khilva'na v.t. cause to play permit
S' to play [ ~ r L‘i >^ ]
t* J/D kkilau'na n.m. toy plaything

{£ kha'li (or khal'li) n.f. ^ , khal n.f.
” ^ oilcake

.10 khil'H n.f, .joke; jest general

V laughter khil'Ii ura’na v.T. ridi-

cule I'ljiJ^kkil'li'ur'na v.i. be ridiculed Jl
kkil'H-baz adj. jocund or jocose (person)
M'li-ba'zi n.f. jocundity ; jocularity
khil'Ii madi'na v.i. (of general laughter)' be
provoked

khtdyari n.m. rick ; stack

(arch.) post Vj liff^kham' ga'r a
(of post) be driven (esp. for

swings)

* L kfuimmadl’ n.f. name of a light musical
mode

i jh kkam'ba m.m. post pillar

J- kham n.m. i
I* ho'na v.jl

khumbi n.f. mushroom

ko'han (lit.), koh'nah adj . ancient
U old worn out J [ kohan-sSt

adj. old ; aged;; advanced in years ancient
ko'han-sa'ti n.f. old age tf'jJ koh'na-
masbq adj. experienced veteran
kohnagi h.f. being worn-out being

°ld(PJ

. / kaih'rta v.t. & i. (used as W say ; tell
lyf relate speak utter assert ;
affirm avow recommend advise
declare versify (tff) call ; describe as
n.m. advice order word of mouth
(tfl IjvJcf'kaih'na kar'na (or man'na) v.i.
carry out the instructions (of) obey, the
orders (of) act upon the advice of kaih'
imp. & pref. say hath' baifh'ng (or

(huk'na) v.t. have. skid blurt out
kaih' (or ka'he) de'na v.t. tell point out
warn Vj’fsf'kaih' gU'zarna v.t. blurt out
i)'foj?sfkaih‘ -mi'karm (or mik'n) n.f. lim-
meric based on double-entendre (jh < f.kaih‘te
haifi ph. they say it is said f kaih' tie ko

adv. only outwardly \*Siab kaih'ne ki

ba'teh haifi ph. there is "no” ‘substance in it 1
ka'he de'na v.t & I. warn make manifest
kya' kaih'na tnt. how wonderful
(it is) /

*.jj£ khittka‘'o n . m . same as j ffkhi£a' ’o
kkib&na v.i. same as c5rkhi&na
v'ff khiii(hpa'na v.t, same as Ci/fkhi^Loa'na
'6 khib(hva"i n.f. same as % < khifh-'’* 1
(sec under dff khiejina v.i. if)

OjC^ v - t - tram p lc

khanjari n.f. sanfe as ($jf n.f. ★)

va •»

(dial.)

cutlass

part ; portion
bruised rice

kkahd’ n.m.
j chapter [S]
khah’da n.m.

„ h,/ khah'dat n.f. becoming topsy-turvy

^^(ljrt;)i;!C£,Z& khah'dat par'na (or Ao'na)
v.i. be upset ; be topsyturvy t /
h,/khafi‘dar n.m. (col. ph.&lj** khkdarat')
ruins adj. ruined ; dilapidated
. jt/kham-sat', Jl*&tta*hsnl‘ n.m. (arch)
sugar-mill feitfftd-ra'F* adj. in-
digenous (sugar) /

. > / khafid'la (dial. »JU * khaft'4* «.*-•
Dj&P slice (esp.) fish slice

I

Sll

t*

'J

kkufid'lz n.m. cottage dilapidated
house

kkttid'na, l\f&£ khiM jam v.i. scatter ;
be scattered l' kkitidana v.T.

scalier disperse [ ~ )

I*. \£ kkUfisa'nS v.i. be jealous of be cross

* not to be on good terms with
khkiis n.f. rancour irritation

I* S.£ Makksr’na v.t. cough ; expectorate
clear the throat hem ; Wmj&£
khahkar' n.m. spittle ; cxpecioration
,"££ kka'vakna V.I. (of coin, glasses, etc. v.i.

jingle <-££ kka'nak n.f. jingle

khonha'na v.t. jungle

khan'k\ana adj. cracked (earthenware)

khinkkini'na v.i. (of sickly child) wail

* y with a nasal sound

0 QsP kkofigal'tia v.t. (of cloth or utensil)
y,/ rinse purify thus

kkafi'gar , *$£ kkah'gar n.m. over-
burnt brick anything dry and hard
dross kkati gar lag' ja'na v.i. be

reduced to a skeleton

gif' koh’nagt n.f., koh’nah adj. (see
tT under ^adj. ★)

•// koh'nl n.f. elbow koh'nl mar'na

O y v.T. jostle signal thus
ijf kka'va n.m. shoulder (only in PH.)*si^y»
r kha'vt st kka'va tjgkil'na v.i. be

overcrowded

. £ kkop'ra n.m. cdcoanut its dried

kernels ; copra

* £ kkop’ri, kkop'ri n.F. skull

(fig) brain ; understanding
kkop’ri kka ja'na v.i. plague ; (someone) (£?, A>/
(C&l) kkpop'rl (ha’takhna (or (Pa' qakna)
cfffifckjkkop’ri gah'jl (or pil'pili) kar'na v.t.* beat
severely ; thrash

k j£ kkot n.f. alloy adulteration

impurity defect deceit; in sincerity
ViP £ j£ khox mila'na v.t. alloy U&'Jpj^kkoi
nikal'na v.t. purify ; remove impurity (of)

find fault (with) ; cavil (at) \?>£ kko'ta adj. (f.

/tto'f<) base counterfeit spurious

alloyed insincere y perfidious fraudulent
mischievous pais ah

fafc I bn'rt vaq'l kam' a' fa hai prov. even rejected
dungs sometimes prove useful Cjfj kko'ta

kka’ra dtkk'na v.i. distinguish between good and
bad cyi^jikho'fi bat v.T. foul language
dcceptiim VlZ^ffjfyjJkho'p kka r« suna'na v.t.
abuse : revile '

y/

&

od kho

^ k>

,/

al’s) v
.Jna) v

kkoj m.M. track ; footprint sign ;
trace search ; quest i!i &Xkkoj' pa’ ns
v.t. find a clue (to ) khoj' khoj n.f.

inquiry i &}&khoj' loga'na v.t. track
trace look for a clue search (O'^)
kkoj' lag'na (or mil'nii) v.i. be traced
kkoj mitana v.t. obliterate all trace (of)
kkoj' meh raih'na v.t. pick a hole in another’s
coat be in search (for) V kkoj' nikal'na
V.T. track ; discover the track (of) find a
clue (to) JijXkko'ji n.m. detective in-
quisitive person . y

khoo'epar, *£ 3 ® kkooh' char n.m. one

who puts spoke in another’s wheel
khod'na v.t. dig delve uproot
scrape carve; engrave
kkod kkod' kar pcocpk'nn v.t. inquire scarchingiy
^ khaur n.f. manger

J, kkau'roo n.m. (of ox) pawing the grour. *
digging the earth with the hoofs (ani-
mal’s) wickedness ii'ii) v£jS^ kkau' roo kar'na (or
la'na ) v.t. paw the ground

kko'sa (ped. ko'snh) adj. having
little or no beard [ ~ P corr.]
p j£ kkoo'sat adj. very old decr-iit
3r n.m.
fellow

khas'na v.t. entangle stick (in)

decrepit old man worthless

(//

lldyi

Jl-wi. MV

Ojf

kko'kha n.m. (dial.) stall adj. blank
(rounds) y .

khokk'la adj. ij^S* kkokk'li)
hollow blank (round) lacking
substance or meaning y

.. <£ kkaul'na v.t. boil MS* kkaula’na v.t.
I rj^ cause to boil Zl)j£ khaufa’'o n.m.
boiling boiling point^j) dar'jah kkaula’o
».M. boiling point

kkoj’na v.t. open uncover ; lay

bare unfold untie unravel

losen disengage disclose ; reveal dis-

play explain ; clarify expose cut
open ; rip open start expand

spread out liberate ; set free unfasten
cause to become free W'SjSkkol' kar

kaih'ta (or bata'na) v.t. "speak out eluci-
date

kko’na v.t. lose waste squander

not to be attentive ;. be thinking of
something else at the moment L &?.j£kk/i
baifk'na v.t. lose fail to retain b

512

deprived of t Ifj^kho' ja'na .v.i, be lost be
absorbed in deep thought Ojt^kho' dtna v.t.

lose waste l^v l fjflj* kho'ya kho'ya sd
raih'na v.t. be absorbed in some other thoughts
not to be attentive kar sikk'na

v.t. learn through loss learn from ex-
perience

Jy £ khooiit n.m. comer direction

' y lis'jf'ljjjlrchaion khooiit adv. on all the
four sides

khootit a n.m. peg (animal's)

tether-pin tent-pin (fig-) protec--
tion : support <Z.**kkoofi'te se bavdk'na

v.t. tie-(animal) (fig.) keep (someone)
under control Q •j^^-2£.j*khooh'te se bandh'na
v.i. (of animal) be tied come under
control VsJi%<££Cj#kiu)oli'u ke bal kopd’na v.t.
presume on (someone) protection tfr khootiti
n.f. peg central pin (of hand-mill)
knob (of guitar) hair root (tJ&frtXkhootiti
nikalvd’na v.T. have a close shave
Z jf kkoii(h n.f. \f ji0khatitha n.m. rent in
& * cloth ; rent (" tfijj ana (or

lag'na ) v.i. (of cloth) be rent
i > £ kknuh'Aa k.m. six-and-a-half times
Vf. (table)

Hunk’ Aar k.m. (same as yya n.m. ★)

/

/• * i khoofid’m v.t. work with feet

tram P ic *8 '

X khah N.F. cave ; cavern »j*Jjicpahar' k%
khoh m.f. cave in the hillside
pp kha"l n.f. cane after extraction of
juice ; sugar-cane refuse
I kho'ya n.m. condensed milk ; aoj. (from
- , l‘j* v.t. *) f

, £ kkivay’ya, A (Jjgf khi'oan-har' n.m.

rower boatman. (fig.) guide

[- rl £

kkavay'yd n.m. glutton (~ •> ]

t/

/ khip n.f. trip with load or passenger
«^Sr ass load of cargo load or passenger
as carried once V/f^ufkktp' bhafna v.t. load
^ kit/ n.m. field land crop

expanse field of battle massacre

shining or spread of moonlight khet’

par' na v.t. be massacred (of blood bath)

be given Hut' jot’na v.t. till a field

l jj kbit' raih'na v.t. be slain on the battle-

field lyl/iSofkiet kat'rm v.t. harvest a crop
VjT Z+^khrt kar'na v.t. (of moonlight) shine

v.t. till a field well

r-

i.f. udder this as food

l' if o^khel' kamatia

work hard on uVj^^lc^f’ khel' hath.' ho'na v.i
win succeed be victorious khe'lt

n.f. crop (usu. (fjj'i^fCkhe'tiba'ri ) farm-
ing ; husbandry kke'li ba’ri kar nd

v.t. till ; cultivate khi' 11 khas'm se'li

prov. he who ploughs himself reaps a good
harvest self-done is best done you stand
to lose when you leave work to others
l £ kk/da n.m. pit for catching elephants ;
elephant trap

£ kfar n.f. rice pudding CUjf (*»)

khir dal' yd ho ja'na v.i. suffer a reverse of
fortune

khi'ra n.m. cucumber ,

^j^kki'ri N.

\j,j£kdu'ra n.m. village ; hamlet ^ kke'ri n.f,
/fT small village membrane enveloping
foetus, a kind of steel
^Upkkss’ n.m. twilled bedcover with patterns :
damask

r A0khis n.f. first milk after calving .
molar (used only

khis (c>r khi’seh) nikal'ns (or nipir'na) v.t. grin
tuf khi'ss n.m. message glove used in bath ;
sponge

A X khi’ khi n.f. suppressed silly laughter
0 U V’J'i khi khi kar’na v.T. laugh in a
silly^manner > v

kbit n.f. parched inflated rice
l-tfs khil tok ur kar mukh meh Ha ja'na ph.
get nothing to eat

• fkhel’na v.i. play frish ; gambol ;
M; frolic fondle copabit /(of obsessed

(person) move head violent n.m.

game sport frolic play drama ;
show entertainment pastime child play;

easy affair skill l-j!^J^khel' li’gar'na v.t.
spoil someones game CiffcHul' bi’gar’na v.i.
(of someone’s game) be spoilt Hid tfcr Hul bana'na
v.t. regard as a joke,, ridicule get
something done (for) t> Jrkhtl' ja'na v.t. play
out one’s part par kful ja’na, V.t.

die lay down one’s life for Codf^fkhil'
sa'majhna v.i. regard as child’s play cf(£?HuL’
kar’na .v.t. sport play-put on a show
j/'Jfkelh' kood n.m. ^skipping and jump-
ing frolic sqmeones 0 IsiJ ufjhkft.

khtl' koUmtU vaq’t (or sa'ra din) gU'tar'najp/jf
khil khila'na v.t. cause to put up a show

513

kkel' Hul’vn V.T. play sport treat as
joke 1 'jjf&y'sar’ se kjul'aa v.I. (of obsessed
person) move (head) violently do an act of
great courage fjf-ba&dioh-k s kkel' n.m

child's play

./ka’hih adv. somewhere anywhere
perhaps ; perchance lest

ever « little would that

ka’hili se adv. from anywhere Jtf

ka'hih ka adv. of anywhere n.m. (col.)

fellow ; bloke c/j 2 V'jO’ ka’hih ka na rakk'na
v.t; render useless make worthless spoil
the future (of) tXfj ^ fetf ka'hiit ka na raih'va
v.i. be hemiliated have one’s future turned

-Lf/'ij/.

• ' vm. a lututv siuovu .i

iff (/7 ka'hih ka'hlh_ADv. here and there M
ka'hih na ka’hih adv, somewhere or. other

ka’hih mur'de bki zih'dah
ho'te hath prov. can the dry bones live <
'^r~(ff(J>ZS ka' kih hafiu'ti par bhi sar'soh jam'li
hai prov. Rome was not built in a day
| •^kfu'na v.t. row ; paddle (boat)

kktftcfi'na (or khifidi'na) v.t. pull
?** drag draw (thing, line, picture, etc.)

elongate distil suck up draw out

heave (a sigh) suffer (trouble etc.)
give (oneself airs) fr'lffkhih'eks la'ni n.f.
tension ^stress and strain struggle ; conten-
tion l£lr Akrt'sJa ta'tu kar'na v.t. struggle:,
contend gfkkthch (or khstiih) n.f. pull tfL'g?
kkehtb! 12 n n.f. struggle tension

khehdt' tan'kf adv, with difficulty ; with j great
effort Ujgiklutdi' dt'na v.t. pull draw
scribble &ifgfkheh&' dal'na v.t. scribble (few.
lines, etc.) write or. compose quickly l'y£T
kfuhtfi' la'na v.t. draw; bring round ‘ pt P*
kkefieh le'na v.t, to pull or draw out ; to extract ;
to extort

khe'va n.m. .ferry money ferry

passengers in a ferry

/y 4

•'« crossing a river
boat [~ ]

t'm n.f.

share of revenue

Jf£ record of revenue share land mutation
record JjiXj/klu'vaydar n.m. holder of a vil-
lage share holder kitatau'm n.f.
land mutation record

j[\^kke'van-har' n.m. (Same as i^kkivay'ya

{£jpkhe"i n.f. dry bush used in a hedge

^ a ” 1 APJ- man y several <—/f{/'ka"l ek
V AOt; a few ; some (Jyi ka" i

bar (or daf'ah or mar'tahah) adv. several
times ; many times ; many a lime ; often re-
peatedly again and again ; time and again
rfS ka'% 'JL/ hoys' m adj. (see under r a£- ★
w kai n.m.)

kai adj. how many

X kai adv. when [P]

ff kai n.m. (pl. (jkf kaysh) of ancient
Persian emperors royal if al^sha'n-t
ka"i n.f. royal glory [P]

, / kys pron. what particle (sign of the in-
terrogative has no English equivalent) (
dZ- if kya' a’V kys dta'le ph. going soon
kys' bat ’ hai ph. what is the matter well-
done it goes without saying ; there is no
doubt anout it ftfj, [/(fj,\Skya' pid'di kya'
pid'di ka shor'ba prov. .the” iraiter -is not worth
taking notice of V/ft b if kya' ja'ti dun'ya

de’khi hai ph. is the change in your (cte.) atti-
tude brought about by a thought of death yftf
((^)>) kys' kha'bar (or maHoom') ph. who knows
(CflJ L 7 rfl/'kya' khoob' (or kaih'na) int. beauti-
ful ; wonderful ; well done i ‘fv lX>£j /kya '
dka’rs (or rak'k a) Ini va. thefc is nothing (in it)
now qiya’mat hai ph. how terri-

ble ; how awful ^-(l//kya' kaih'na (hai) int.
wonderful excellent (f** If kya! ma"na ph.
why. how / kya’ yad' ka'nge Int.

you will remember me (etc.) for a long time
after today

jf ki'ya P.T. (~ty v.t. ★ n.m.) doing
Z deed t/>» / kiya dka'ra n.m. doing lt/t/
ki'ya kara’ya adj. & n:m. (work) already” done
ilap'na ki'ya pa’nd v.i. reap what one

sows

Vi n.f, flowerbed part of tilled

yS^jbiya' sat n.f. sagacity (A)

£jjkaib'ina} N.P. Cabinet [E)

name of a fragrant plant

^/ket'li n.f. kettle [E]

Smjkai'tholik n.m. & adj. (alto
^•vj^ro'man kai'tholik) Roman Catholic £B]
£jkit n.f. hookah sediment oil dregs
»♦ found in lamp y

U/K’&ar (dial. & ki&) M .p. dirt;
l-V* muc l ; mire ; slime watery discharge

\*r

514

collecting in eye comers U^l*^ki'^ax *dih.al'na
v.t. fling or throw mud (on) indulge in
ntud-slingingl‘ta!Lz ( j/''ljjfJfyiJjf^ i ‘& a r ki kauri
daftloh se vthaita PH. be very niggardly
. .J kecfi'va n.m. earthworm intestinal
'■%S~ worm

kaid n.m. (lit.) stratagem fraud [A]
f ktr n .M. penis [P]

yZ t

kai'ra adj. & n.m. blue-eyed (man)ifZ
^ kai'ri adj. blue (eye) blue eyed n.f.
blue-eyed woman j

4/“'" n.f. unripe mango

. y ,jki'ra n.m. insect worm maggot

(re re) snake icTki'rz log’nd v.r. be
worm-eaten JiXiyXkt’rs makau'ra n.m. (usu. pl.)
any insect L-t/^ski' rt par'nd v.t. rot (fig.)
go to ki're dal'nd v.t. & i.

pick holes (in) depreciate

ikj'ki ri n.f. ant leech

1 -jfkts n.m. (dial.) long hair on head (as
C/»*\,wom by Sikhs)
r -jS kes n.m. case [E]

kai’sa ADJ. (f. (fZ kai'sl) how; in

" what manner what sort of ; what type
of d^Uf^Ljiyfkai'sa zamanah a' gaya hat ph.
how awful are the times /

tfkt'sar n.m. saffron tfyZkes'ri adj. saffron-
coloured n.m. (dial.) lion
jf'ktsah n.m. (lit.) pocket bag y,^Z
~ H'sa-bgr n.m. (lit.) pick-pocket [A]

^pjiesh n.m. faith" way of life [P]

~Zkaiih n.m. cash i^di/Zkoish'~bgk n.f. cash

book [E]

n.m. intoxication exhilaration
•» rapture ; ecstasy X) ^/kai'f-o-kam n.m.
quality and quantity particulars kaifi
n.m. drunkard ; boozer adj. tipsy {jij&fkaif-
din n.m. (rare) drug casket
‘Z’kai'far N.M. punishment (for evil) jb/fX
kai'far-e kirdar' n.m. recompence for one’s
evil deeds tg'/jbfe'kai'far-e kirdar' ko pahuft&'nz
v.t. suffer for one’s evil deeds [P]

~±(kaifiy'yat n.f. state ; condition
situation particulars remarks
schedule news details facts iof)

news

exhilciation rapture ; ecstasy [A*

im j$kek n.m. cake [E]

••

Jjtki'kar n.m. acacia XXfki'kar kn go fid n.m

'** gum arabic
& kek'ra n.m. crab

if kil n.f. nail spike boss gold pin

I (A* for nose pimple core of boil liVcJc £/'
kaft'ta n.m. equipment ; accoutrements**.^.

(C kafi'te se durus't (or lots’) ad; &.
adv. well-equipped ; well-accoutred C±f kil ' n .-
v.t.' nail exorcise thus prevent snake
from by biting by playing ‘been’ incapacitate
by breathing a spell (over)

^Z kt'ls jX kilafru.tr. peg fang (dial.)
" acre n.f. peg pivot ; axis

it) kt'la n.m. banana ; plaintam
%•

jjyjkaitan 'dar n.m. calendar [E]

1 ) ki'lo pref. thousand ; kilo < fijOZktlo-garam
A- n.m. kilogramme X&rki'lo-mi'tar n.m.
kilometre [E]

^j^Jhaihos' n.m. chile [A- G]

It n.f. (see under df ★)
n.m. shagreen [P]

, jZkainira, eyZkaim'rak n.m. camera [E)

Jkaimis'tari n.f. chemistry [E]

kai'mlkal adj. chemical (E]

^j^Zkaimoos' n.m. chyme [A~G]

Jfd’miya n.f. chemistry (old use ; now
rare) alchemy iVjyXki'miya banana v.t.
alchemize turn baser metals into gold
make easy money ^DUC^Afmiya-rfan n.m. che-
mist fibbX ki'miya-dd'ni n.f. knowledge of
chemistry JbZ kXmiyd-gar n.m. alchemist
deceiver Z/kXmi-ya gari n.f. alchemy [A~G]
^jZ> t»a N.M. (same as yZ *»•«• ★)

pZkefKk'li n.f. slough (of snake) (fig.)-
dress OjsJZ"ket& ti ba'dalna v.t. slough
(fig.) change clothes I'/yfli * kefufa'll djher nd v.t
cast off the (old) slough

516

Sit

n.m. name of the letter s
n.f. (same asJ^KN.F. if)

iJ

P

/ gagar n.f. mettallic pitcher

1 1 # gal N.m. cheek Utfjttgal' baja'na v.i.
0 " boast ; brag talk nonsense

pi'chakna v.i. have sunken cheeks
1>bz<Jfj(.dtgal' par gal charh'na, iydjfgal
bhar'na v.i. have chubby cheeks i‘^Jfgal
pkila'na v.i. sulk Is’tf'Jlfgal' kat'na v.t.~ bite
cheek* in kissing cause loss
ga’loh met dta’sal bhar'na ph. mince words
it it g&'fo N.m. ball (of corded cotton)
(snow) flake

i |^* ga'ti n.f. swear word ; abuse

0 * abusive language
ga'li (or ga't\yah) bak'ns (or de'tta or "suna'na)
v.T. swear at ; abuse revile call (some-
one) names | (or gaWyafiy kha'na
v.i. be abused .k jfJ ffga'li galoefi n.f. mutual
abuse ; brawl I’fffsjjgtfga'liyofi par u'tar a' ns
v.i. descend tQ the level of using abusive langu-
age l\S(jk/fk) J jlgJ.(f<jAtf'galiyoh A* baufhhar'
(or tt amir') kar'na v.i. hurl abuses (at)

Jr gam -n.m. pace (of horse) (lit.) foot

1 If f gam' -zan adj. moving ; treading

Vjf jytfgam'~zan ho' net v.i. start ; commence

(fig.) move (on the path of) [P]
fat SUF; befitting -ly [P]

if 2

v.i. sing chant (fig-1 sing

the praises (of) n.m. song singing

vocal music t*|^ L'fga'na baja'na N.M. singing
and playing music song and music ; vocal
and instrumental music this as one’s profes-
sion l a life of luxury f7 fga’te

ga'te keiat’it hoja'na v.i. become an expert with
long practice

gatjk'ha v t. tic knot fasten
stitdh cobble repair bring
round ; bring over to one’s side plot Jeff
ft. n.f. knot hardened gland bulbous
root piece (of) misunderstanding fill-feel
ings bundle (arch.) pocket(££ltyJj&!*l' t g?'t
ga/tfM. bmM'na (or dt'na or laga'na) v.T. tie a
knot do so to bear in mind join together
& fgahfi par’ as v j. be knotted (fig. )

have ill-feelings Cty^-jfjfgaiith. se ja'na v.i. in-?
cure a loss ; lose money (on a transaction, etc. )
'jj t'ji f&Stfk ka poo'ra ADJ , & n.m. (person) not

allowing a penny to slip out of his hands
b^lf&tfbeiloVP'aq’l ka atidha gafith.' kapoo'ra
ADJ. & n.m. silly rich (person)
gafith ka pai'sah bhi kam a'la hai prov. . the penny
in the pocket is the best companion (Cjfijk'tfjftf
gafith. kat'na (or k a lama) v.T. pick (someone’s)
pocket bj&Zf'tkafnh khol’na v.t. untie a knot
remove ill-feelings iSP^Jftfgafiik. goth* la adj
having many knots c£/(j*js : tf'ga1itk men rakh'na
V.t. pocket

gijreh men kan'ri tia'hift bah'ke-poor ki sair',
(J^pPfgantk na mut'thi phar phara'R
SttM prov. building castles in the air silly
brag iP/Pf'ganth. le’na v.t. bring over to one’s
side ; make friends (with)

gafi’ja n.m. smoking hemp

» »,/' gah'dki {fxtgatidh*

n.m. perfumer

> P 1

^ gafid Zdlfgahr n:f. (vul.) anus bum
bottom jti'fgdh’doo. n.m. & adj. (vul.)
catamite ; bum boy (fig.) coward
' 8**4 N,M - g u *^ e [EJ

gtf'ik n.m. singer male ; virtuoso J K"
ga”iki N.F. art of singing music
, a"»« n.f. female singer
gati'o n.m. (arch, for if)

$ fgi

)f

m gah, / jdA n.f. time occasion
$ 0 place adv. sometimes suf. place of ; centre
tt< ttgoh' ba-gah' adv. occasionally ofolfgak,
gah,^fa^~fga'he ga'he adv. occasionally

not very often ; rarely once in a blue
moon [P]

ga'hak n.m. customer ga'haki n.f.
sale custom
gsA'na V.t. thresh ; thrash

gfihi kdv (see under et n.f. if)

s ga”o n.m. cow cx bull prep.
JP V large tflfSfga’a a' ban n.m. ploughshare
J'P'ft 8$'° lak'yah n.m. bolster large
pillow ftSf&a "o fhash’m adj. (drrog.) large-
eyed ytjfga”o-kha'nah n.m. coW-shed £09
ga"o-khurd * Apj. destroyed l * If % >PSfga ' ’»•
khUrd ho ja'na v.i, be lost *ltgjtfga”Q-pidihar
n.m, name of. a wrestling triclt j'j$tf ) ga' , o dim
adj. tapering conical n.m. bugle
ga"o-dum ho'na v.i, taper ty-ef/gii" o-didah n.m.
(dial.) oval 'bread fjLjSfga'Q-zabari n.f.

517

primula : oxlip (dial.) fried bun yjj 'tfga’v-e
zantin n.m. legendary bull on whose horns the
earth rests tfjjj iff ga'o-zo'ri n.f. (usu. pl.)
wrestling tfga 'o-zo'riyafi kar’na v.i.

wrestle to assert one’s strength y / )tfga"o-Mr
n.m. gum-resin (fjIpjttga'o-shuma’Ti n.f. cattle
census cattle cess t-4s$fga'v-t Jalak’ n.m.
(fig.) Taurus (f 3 '/i?ga''o-kUshi n.f. cow-slaughter
jJ^^ga'o-mesh’ n.m. buffalo [P]

'ij'ga'odi N.M. fool simpleton

(youth)

^ gabroon’ n.m. a kind of coarse cloth

<$M 1 '

jitf' g5 0h ^ arch ' ^Sah”o or Ojtf'gZn'oti)
V 3 p N.M;. (pl. same or jjtf gan'oii) village ;
hamlet ghar na

jaii’ gal meft khe'li ph. be a very poor person
< y ga'en.r. (pl. (jftf ga'eh dative pl.

OJJf' Sa'yop) cow kar’m v.t.

slaughter “a cow

ko afi’nr sifig bha’ri nakifi ho' It prov. one’s own
burden feels light

1%/*$ gayal’n n.f. (dial.) name of sacred
Os~y prayer- verse from the Vedas
gnb’da adj. plump : fleshy

f gab’r n.m. fire-worshipper ; Zoroastrian;
/I Magus ‘giaour’ [P]

, f gob'roo, gabk'roo N.M. youth ADJ.

•VV well-built (youth)

0>J
A J
</

^/gapn.T, Chat tattle gossip
V false report ^gap'-ba'# n.f. c hat
... 8 -'P ^Y rga P'- (,p "* F : * chit chat

/ report VS^^gap'.Mapkar'm
bUli^tijbjUygap mar'na (or hafik'na or ura'na)
v.t. tattle eossip brag give currency
false report (jfgop'pi n.m. & adj, . idle talker
prather liar

Jf gUp't adj. (dial.) hidden invisible
v ^ secretly; privately jl^gup’t mT ’
n.f. invisible hurts gup l mal' n.m. hid-

den wealth gup'n n.f. swordstick [S]

gi P‘ & U P AD J- quiet n.f.. silence
vr easily soluble (sweet meat)

Zurb? g f L '* a '' Aauth N - F - confusion ; con-
fused state underhand dealings
ly g*'Pte n.f. (dial.) cave t# oCta? gu'/fa
mrf > baitk'na v.i. lead a hermit’s life

dung-worn dung-

^ gubri'la n.m
beetle

gab'b'ka'N.u. (dial.) Chitral carpet with
^patched patterns

J

^ gU'pha N.M.

% gold thread
*

4

tassel skein of silk or
bunch (of flowers)

lUILUU UUiiVli UOUCJUj

gap' pi adj. & n.m. (see under *r/ '”'*•+)
plight ; predicament

yf gat N.f.

condition

state;

severe beating brow-
beating gait made of dancing tune ;
air f tf 1 . c/ gat’ baja'na v.t. play a tune ; play
an aiT(l’ J flj(tg t y'gat' banana (or kar'n^j, v.t.
beat severely ; give a sound ^beating. bear
down; browbeat <CzL‘ t )^c/ qat’ bhar'na (or
nacft'na) v.i. dsface to music ; dance in a parti-
cular mode yiy gat' ka adj. good service-
able (ts.yi’jpi^/gal' ho'na (or ban'na) v.i. be
given a sound beating be browbeaten
gat'ta n.m. cardboard

Ujf'' fa* gad’to n.m. foil (for fenc-
ing) blunt wooden sword (rare)
fencing

gdtk'na V.T. contend ; fall to be
^ plaited be closely knit L 'jJtSfergiU'-
tham gul'tha ho'na v.t. . contend physically
fall to each other jiy gutk'vait adj. plaited
close-knit

•y git’thi n.f. tangle complication
O L'JZ (fl-.g&t’tfu pdr'na v.t. be tangled

b'L^illtybjJ^ gut' thi (or gUtthiyah) sSljk&’na
v.t. solve sy problem disentangle (some-

thing) ty-^y gut’ thi su'lojhna v.t. (of pro-
blem) be solved

g a t'i a **•**• corn (on skin) stopper
knOe-joint ankle-joint part of
hookah pipe fitting into container a kind of
crisp sweetmeat L» (f gat'ta sa adj. wee-bit
gat' ft par’na v.i. have corns
ff gBt't a ADJ. dwarfish n.m. (also Cfjfgol'
gut’ta) marble; pebble tJyp£ ( J/j(gol')
gut'y khel'na v.i. (of child) play with pebbles
jf yf' g a t' fiat adj. mixed up adv. wrestling
tv, j°S osiI y or in a friendly manner
l>tfS!&:&gat' pflt hoja'na v.i. come to grips
be mixed up

Pj > f P*t N-F * (joe. or derog.) speaking
English iStis^gn' pit kar'na v.r
(joc. or derog.) speak English (ono.)
yj gtfka N.M. (dial.) small book ; pocket
edition small ball magic ball
chessman draughtsman betelnut and catcher
mixture chawed implace of betel-leaves
iC & Js*ka* N-F^undulating voice in sing-
' 3 \ J , ' n 8 ^ (fJ* git' kart Wna v.r. cause
one’s voice to tmdulase

518

greatly (valued) ^ y (S v * gira'mhqad'r adj.

venerable <s'foy rwtn’j-r gira'mi' int. how do
you do ; how are you [P]

/girafi' adj. dear ; costly ; expensive:
(J'-S heavy undesirable; unbearable jO\j
girah'-bar’ adj. ^ heavily ; burdened laden
with fruit ij'girah’-baha' adj. costly; pre-
cious jin' s~t girah-baha' n.m. precious

stuff ijl/girafi'-kha'tir ADJ. sad ; dejected

unbearable j'Ji/girah'-sar, ji^ssar-girah'
adj. proud ; haughty gir ah' -fi rash’ adj.

one who sells dear ; one who sells at higher
rates (US ( l)L'jf(Jij'(£lP ar ) giran' gu'zarna (or
ho'na) V:i.- be unpalatable (to) be unbear-
able (for) ^(JljTgirah'-ma'yak adj. of great
value ; valuable LjfJl/girati ho'na v. to rise in
price ; to become more costly 'tflfgira'ni n.f.

dearness rise in price price spiral
dearth ; scarcity heaviness indigestion

being unpalatable ; being unbearable tyjy

rrtir* u r« ( ommt pav •• s* - a . \

gar'jn adj. cracked (pearl)

giir'fl n.m. a small species of dog

/gar'Ji s.r. dust insignificant tiling
V gar' d-alood\ tJ jTiJ'gar'd-aloo'dah adj.

covered with dust ; dusty UiSl jSgard' flra'wa
v.t. raise dust ruin L'jfjjtgard Br’na v.i.

to (of dust) fly about be ruined Ugjjf
gard' baith'na v.i. (of dust) settle down
gard' jfar'na v.t. dust (c£~*igr.kj fj/ gard’

ko no, pa' ha (or pahiihch' sah'na) v.i. be unable
to equal ( gard' ho'na v.i. come to nought

/ gir'd adv. about round about near

in the environs (of) j ’ffjfgir'da gird
adv. all round (a place) j^i gird-a'var n.m.
land revenue inspector iPj/fjJgird-a'vari adj.
touring (inspector) n. f. tliis office such

official’s rounds inspection tour gird' -bad

n.f. whirlwind U»jJ'gird' 'gkUm' nm n.m.

sar'-eira'ni n.f. (see under^sar n.m. if) tramp sycophant ^y-ifj/gir'd-o-perU adv. on

I*. Tgira'na v.t.' drop let fall fell all sides ; all round n.m. cnvironstSjil^^i^f’
shed (leaves, etc.) let flow raze to the gir' d-o-pesW ke halat' n.m. pl. conditions obtain-

ground lower rank, status, (price, etc.U ing somewhere/;/ n.m. vicinity;

ground lower rank, status, (price, ctc.)l‘!/i>C
qi'mit gira’na v.t. devaluate; devalue
giro' dena v.t. drop- let fall raze [ — Us
oads.J „

i, Ifgira'vat n.F.,jl/gira''a adj. pjgira'o'o
y adj. & adv. (see under uf v .t. ★)
^jjgiraht n.f. grant-in-aid ;• grant [E]

Lb I tfgiraiidiLKDJ. hefty ; husky huge

r+ d,’\

bSt fgata'ubd n.f. ground [E}

MV

*. fgii r’bUz adj . fraudulent person (fjfjgiir'ba’o
n.f. fraudulence [P]

fgUr'bah n.f. (lit.) cat JjIJjj , gur'bah
kash' tan ro'z-e av’val trov, as you train so
you will bring up Jgur'ba-e miskin'

n.m. (fig.) meek but wicked person [P]

^^gar'bh n.m. (dial.) pregnancy [SJ

* fga'raj n.f. thunder roar C^/ga'rajna
(ids v.i. thunder roar (also Qj Sfcf
ga'raj kar bol'rm) v.i. thunder at speak
with a stentorian, voice ga'rajte

haih so ba' taste na'hlh prov, barking dogs seldom-

gir'd-o-pesh' ke halat ' n.m. pl. conditions obtain-
ing somewhere frlJji/gir'd-o-Haiah' n.m. vicinity;
environs adj, near round about Ijjfgir'd
ho'na v.t. surround begin to pester [P]
fgtr'd n.m. (pl. Jbfgir'dafi) (lit.) brave
9s fighter

gar' da n.m. dust [~P]

/ fgird-ab' n.m. whirlpool ; eddy ; vortex
^by\?~ j/+«r7)

jgar'dan n.f. paradigm conjugation

U)hs frSi-l'jfgardm' kar'na v.t . conjugation

ufgir'ja n.m. church (Pg.)

jgar’dan n.f. paradigm conjugation

tfhs i-j'^jfgardan' kar'na v.t . conjugation

repeat adnanscam’ [P~ci>>>/] # *

rgardsh adj. & suf. turning ; revolving jljJ
garda'ni suf. turning ; revolving [P doublet

of PREC.}

^j^^gardo! nok n.f. mortice [P-eU^A/turn]
fgardan'ra v.t. consider; regard [ ~ P

vby

{garda'ni w.f. double turn of Stole in prayer
ijrs by women [ ~ Pci^/i^turn]

~, 3 fg ar 'dishti.v. rotation revolution

U* stroll, misfortune vicissitudes of for-
tune jiS'uf’ifgar'dish-e ssman', ('iifrifbar'dijh't,
ayyam' n.f. (fig.) vicissitudes of fortune
gar' dish tar' na v.i. rotate ; revolve ; turn round
Uu/hf^fgar'dish meh art a V.I. be unlucky; be
unfortunate ; fall on evil days [P ~

Jv~

^j^fgircT-gsti n.m. (lit.) walnut {PJ

fgar'dan n.f. neck (fyl (,

(/V gar’ dan Sra'na (or kst'na. or marina) v.t.
behead ; slay I'jfjTJ^&rJgar'dan par bojk .' ho'na
v. i. be pressed down, by (an obligation or sense
of siri)tX If; S (jjJ'gar' dan par jao”a rakk'na
v.t. St (. ^entrust with or accept heavy res-
ponsibility marry ; make or become a family
man come or put under the yoke of J. ^3/
I'yf gar' dan par khoan' ho'na v.i. be guilty of
murder f y'-S&j/gar'dan par saoar' ho'na v.i.

pester urge for redemption of debt
gar' dan phahsa'na v.t. & 1. entrust with or

accept responsibility make or become a
surety jeopardise i/gar' dan pher’na v.t.

& 1. disobey CHjftf-if gar' dan jhxtkana v.t.

(bow one’s) head shame etc.) feel asham-
ed submit make a bow 'JjStfj/gar'dan-
za'danl adj. deserving to be beheaded l jCufe-tf/
gar' dan se joo" a iiar'na v.t. throw off the yoke
(of) il (fa’S&'Vfajfgar'dan ka man'ka dka'lakna
v.i. be about to die gar' dan-far az! adj.

exalted haughty (ff^j/gar'dan kat'na v.t.
be beheaded be ruined I’Jj/tf’Jgar'dan maror'na
v. r. throttle ; strangle ; strangulate l^L'jr/gar'dan
uap’iiav.T. deal sternly with take (some-
one) by the scuff of L'lfl^tfjJgar'dan na atka'na
v.i. not hold one’s head high CfyJtJgar'd'an
hilana v.t. nod shake the head
gar'dan htl'ne lag'n a v.i. become old l',fgar'dana
n.m. thick neck blow on the neck
gar'danah n.m. ridge jfzjgar'dard n.f. horse-
cloth blow on the neck as a wrestling trick
& * ]$>fgar'dan% dt'na v.t take (someone) by
the scruff of the neck [P]
q 1 • fgirdo'a'rah n.m. Sikh temple ( — S

. .(gar'dooft n it. sky ; firmament ; the heavens

O&I r-diJ]

fgur'dah n.m. kidney fW<z4fJtdii gur'de ka
kam' ph. something requiring great courage

ro, *

^Tgir'dah n.m. circumference

fgar'dak N.M. painters’ powder sketch

rSV-J)

•par's N.M. mace^sj/gurz-bar-dar' n.m.
J S macebearer jJ^yiaMr’z-shi'kan-gurz n.m.
mountain-splitting mace [Pj
^jJgat'K N.M. & ADJ. gross [E]

^yjg&r'sal n .f. a kind of small bird ; passerine

• fgHr'sanah, (or guras'r.ah) adj. hungry
/m ^r avid (//gur’sanagt, gS*as’nagi n.f. hunger
avidity [P]

— 4 fs iTi f l n.f. grasp hold possession
4 -'Vr objection I'/c^fgirif't kar'na v.t. find
fault (with) L'T<sZ'Zj/girif't mrii v.t. be
caught ; he nabbed become actionable under
law IP -^ 7 ]

i“*fgiTifta T ' adj. held seized ; arrested
J\£r captive prisoner involved entang-
led captivated v/jV>J'giriftar' kar'na v.T.
arrest ; apprehend : nab take prisoner
jail ; gaol Vjfj dJ girifi ari ho'na v.t. arrest
take prisoner fall in love with ifj&Jgirifta'ri
n,f. arrest ; apprehension imprisonment
girif'tagi n.f. & suf.^ dejection /y^ffrdil-
girif'tagi n.f. dejection $} girif'lah adj. & affix.

afflicted sad ; dejected /irZi/girifta-
khatir,ziJi)>dil-girif'iah adj. afflicted in mind ;
sad ^ dejected [P ~

f/gUrg N.M. wolf ‘ia.j^ijiiJ/gur'g-e ba'roft
J/ -di'dah, fjf fj giir'g-c kohan' experienced
person shrewd person^ J/gurg'-bafid.ij <JJS
gUrg'-za'dah n.m. wolf’s cub [P]
jofeur'ga n.m. informer ; common informer

1 / scullion underling adj. very naughty

[~P 7 /corr.]

.J/fgUrgabi n.f. ladies’ laceless shoe; sandal (PJ

kfjgir'gat n.m. chameleon iij.,AjZ,/>/d//
l ^*Cr gif' gat ki tar'A raftg' ba'dalna ph. be capn-

gir'ga\ ki tar h rafig ba dalrta ph. be capri-
cious be constantly changing fashions
Afgw'l n.f. girl (jfi’ljjA'jfgar'lz iskool’ (or
sakool') n.m. girls school [E]

.fgar'm adj. hot warm busy eager ,
zealous brisk (trade) /lfr(/gar'm-ikhtilal)

.fgar'm adj. hot warm busy eager ,
zealous brisk (trade) /li^lf/gar'm-ikhtilat)
n.f. warmth of friendship fji/gar'ma gar'm
adj. hot heated hot and fresh tf/if
gar'ma gar'mi n.f. heat (of) (SJjlf/gagm-baza'ri
N.F. brisk trade ; great demand (f /./gar m-
jo’sht n.f. zeal warmth of affection; cordiality
yf/gar'm-sar’d n.m. upland downs of life jfj*
tj&fygar'tn-o-sar'd chasin' dah adj. seasoned ; ex-
perienced gar'm-o+sar'd-e gama'nah

n.u. vicissitudes of life v/3 y; (/ gar’m-o - sat'd
dtkk'na be experienced V/pygar'tn kar'na v.t.
warm heat enrage incide ^typ/gor’m-
mtzsj' adj. hot-tempered tfjypt? gar'm-miza'ji
n.f. being hot-tfmpered ^U'/t/gar'm-masa' lak
n.u. condiments Cff/gar' m ho’na v.t.

,/

522

brcome hot be enraged Vjfjy kha'bat gar m
ho' ha v.i (of rumour) be curreni gar mi n.f

★ V[P]

^Jgor'ma n.m. summer heat (P - prec J

fgarm-a'bah ft.tn. bath ; hot bath (P- // -f
iJf]

ill

fgarmo'na v.t. heat warm up

enrage enliven

{feurm&’kHi n.f, script used by Sikhs for
\j J Panjabi Sikh dialect of Punjabi (

+ /]

Ygar'mat

/ V' rnusk-r

, ^ Panjabi

A

mah, Ljgar'ma n.m. sweeter variety of
•melon , sweet musk-melon
. fgar'nn n.f. summer heal warmth
{jS venereal disease anger , rage
cordiality love . passion feavQur C/jJgar’mt
par'na v.t. become hot (of summer) set in
C^h) jr'tSfs.**'™-' sVkban (or kaldirt
or mazmoon), o , jfgar'rrn da’nt n.m. pl prickly
heat vj'tfj \ gar' mi kar'na v.t prove to be warm
yf ^ J'gar'mi-e mah'Jil n.p. cause of warmth of
a companyt>(^/gar'mt nikal'na v.t give vent
to one's anger by tflgar’ ml ho' ltd v.t (of
season) become hot have syphilis
. Vgir'na vi fall; tumbledown drop
collapse (of rain, price, etc.) fall (of
health) deteriorate (of foetus) miscarry be
disgraced /w'ra adj. fallen mean

J^yfgita'oat n.f. fali ; debasement Slgiraoo''
adj. ready to fall precariously balanced
2 if gird" oo adj. & aDv. about to fall un-
balanced(iUt jiyf’gir' par'na (or ja'na) v.i.
fall down " _ - .

*V fsuran'A n f (dial.) Sikh Scriptures (ff
&J garafi (hi n.m. (dial.) reciter of Sikh Scri-
ptures [S]

J^Jgarafid' n.m mud enclosure round handmill

not rarefy gU'roo n.m. > (dial.) spiritual
guide (iron.) knave (JC^fgu’roo ghaftfa}'
M.!d. consummate knave [SJ
fgirau' n.m. mortgage pawn ; pledge
Ar c>C^ f girau' rakh'na (or kar’na) v.t.

pledge ; pawn (something) with sljfgjTau'-
na mah n.m mortgage deed fP]

• , fgirva'na v.t. cause to fall down get
w* demolished have a miscarriage [ -

I'/oAUS,]

t/guroh' n.m group party
Qs troupe (P)

band

* (pcd. gt'ran) adj. mortgaged

0* pledged ; pawned n.f. mortgage
pawn ; pledge t£j<J»f gir'H rakh'na v.t. mort-
gage ; pledge pawn | - Vjf girau']

$ dah adj. attached . enamoured,

captivated s,> Jgiravi'dagl n.f. attach-
ment (for) being enamoured (of)

fgi'rth (col. gi'rah) n.f knot onesixteenth
*/ ofa yard (fig.) dissention ; bad blood
Cfyfgi'reh par'na v.i. (of dissention) arise ,
(of bad blood) be created have rancour (in
heart ) jljefgi'reh-dar adj. knotted Crjefgt'nh
dr'na v.t. tie a knot . knot \*ioz.»fgi'nh se dr'na
v t give (someone) from one’s own pocket tZ-ef
I'-— -S 'fgi’tth st kU(hh ja'na v.i. spend something .
incur an expenditure j) tj £■ reh-kutha'i

n.f. untying a knot solution of difficulty
reh khul’nd v.i. (of knot) be untied
(of misunderstanding) end incur an (un-
desirable) expenditure Oj£*fg}' r *h kholna
V.T. knotted yit/gi rrh-fir adj untie a knot
remove misunderstanding £& ,fgi rth iaga'na
v.T. tie a knot complete a couplet by
adding a hynistick to another(s) l>> \t/j.af gi'rth
men baiidh'na v i . bear in mind tie a knot
in handkerchief, etc. for this purpose
gi rth men pai'sah ho'na v.i. be rich
gt'reh men rakh'na v.t keep in one’s pocket (P)
fgarah' n.f. (dial.) planet l'T a f/par garah' fna
5/ v.t. have a reverse of fortune (Sj

hosf n.f. (dial.) showed life ^flf

gtrhas'lan n.f. house keeper homely

woman tf-fjgirhas'ti N.m. household goods adj.
(affair, etc.) ($]

^jt^garaih'n n.m. (same as y gaih’t n.m, if)

$ i rl ' gari " r ‘ <Jif gir yn ) 'op™

v/ kernel (of fruit seed, etc.)
il fgir'jtan adj weeping ; shedding tears |P~

i fgirtban' (lit. ginbah') n.m. collar
breast (of garment) i-jlgtfjsfgireban phar na
fr. tear one’s garment to shreds became
a lover i^^/gireban pakafna

(or men hath' dal'na) v.t. collar (someone) ,
seize him by the collar ^Irjgireban'

&ak' (or tar tar’) kar'na v.t. tear one’s garment to
sheds (through madness, rage, grief etc.)^/cj>U/
gireban-gir' adj. & n.m. (one) seizing by the
collar accuser lij^fjbjgire’bah-gir ho'na v i
seize someone by the collar OlJ^sjfylefgtreb an

523

j*

meft muhh dal' ns v.i. be ashamed of one’s own
misdeeds ; do a little heart searching [P]
n.m. graduate [E]

jrj'gared' n.m. grade [E]

** fga*tl' S.f. flight Escape evasion
yj digression turning to the real subject of
*the poem ; coming to the point i ^Sgirez'-pa
ai»j. evanescent I'JyJ'gartzi kar'na v.i. avoid
evade ; dodge^^/girf'^a* adj escaping [P
~ vrCfrun away)

^j^Jgarai' mar n.f. (same as /Ifrt.v. it)

fgtr'yah n.m. weeping ; crying cries ;
lamentation ( jk/'sjgir'ya-kunafi' adj. weep-
iitg; crying (fjljjJ/gir'ya-o-za'ri n.f. cries;
lamentation [P ~ ^t-^/Ueep)

^ f'g^X n.m. raw sugar ; raw dehydrated sugar ;
/ dried molasses ^ftfgur-am'bah n.m. mangoes
hoiled in molasses /jr/gUrs'koo n.m. tobacco
kneaded in molasses ‘Zrr- } J
gur' di'yt ma'te to zaih'r kiyooh' di'jiye prov. why
resort to harsh words where sweet ones succeed
i&fg **T ' kka'tti gul’guloti se parhez'
wtov. lumps of sugar he devours but refrains
from eating sweet calces strain at a guat but
«wallow a camel Ijfui* kaih’ne
H mifih’ mt'th-a na'luh hoUs prov. fine words
butter no parsnips (j^tftfgur ki biu’li n.f. lump
of raw sugar J£ ( f*j'gur' kijoo'R ph. luxury
denied to the poor

J f jpf / S ar .’(>' ar . (col. J^t^ifgarbara hat
'C'f gar'bari) (iron. uJ'5'jfgar'bar jha'ls ) n.f.
dliorder ; confusion ; chaos ; mess gar' bar

hh r.a v.i. lie confused be made a mess of
gar Sara' na v.i. get confused (ono.)
£yf gar ga j‘ N ’ M> bastion large turret

pfpftiPt n.m. gurgle rumble c/i /if
y** gur gar kar'na v.i. gurgle ; bubble
rumb\e 1%*/ gitr' gars n.m. a kind of large hookah
ifvVgar' gkri n.f. hubble-bubble [ono.)
.'^fpfgorgara'na v.t. rumble thunder
* SS gargars’kat n.f. rumble thun-
der [ono.)

i*,pfpfg>\gira'ns v.i. implore ; beseech

gar gars' hat n.f. (see vender -if}/ n.f. *)
'''gargu-ri njf. (see under i/*fgUr gUr
n.f. it)

(of nail) be pitched
penetrate be buried be ashamed ; feel

^gctr’ns v.i.

disgraced i^trL^/^fia'ry mur'de ukhir'ns
prov. renew old grievances ; dig up old fends
Cb^/garvatis v.t. causcto.be driven in
get pitched +

l^ipgor'va N.M. (see under tfjjti.r.

^j^gtrm'nn n.m. go-cart

.»y fgaro'ns v.t.
into ; drive in

pierce ; transfix stick

fix (eyes) at hxny£./f

tfb/garo' te ka pan n.m. beetle-leaf mellowed by

burial in sand *.

Jrfgarh n.m. fort (fig.) hot bed (of)

Kf garh. jit' na v.i. (fig.) achieve the impossible
yfga!‘r%a n.m. pit hole , cavity

S'Ji

^ga'rbi n.f. small fort Lf^gerkayys n.f. very

small fort

.pfgar’ys n.f. (pl. jt^gur'yafi dative pl. <JJ*f
i/ gdr'yoh ) doll I sjjljsiygUr'ya safivsr' de'na
give one’s daughter a dowry .good enough for
one’s means yah kkel'na v.i. play

with dolls be (like) a young girl
gar’yoh ks khel n.m. playing 4ith dolls ~
(fig.) child’s play ,yyt,if^4fgud'de gur'ys ks
bay ah' ph. wedding celebrated without pomp
,fgaz n.m. yard ramrod bow (for
y playing fiddle, etc .) gaz' bhar ki

Zaban' ph. sharp tongue
. .fguza'rs, ejlyfguzarah n.m. livelihood
U>y maintenance subsistence fg/ljljf guza' rs

kar’na v.i. subsist pass one’s days get
along with I’y; tjrfguia'rd ho ns v.i. make both
ends meet

^^JgUZa'rith n.f. request submission
I'Sijgilf guza'rish kar'na v.t. ^request

submit make a submission [P ~ (

i*/ 'fgazar’na v.t. pass life) ^ bring to pass
V>V a y before state [~ t'jj/r.ws.]

gUzash'lant adj. worth quitting [P effj/]

Sf

' n.f. brag ; boast [Pj

JkUga'zat n.m. gazette [E]
^ga'zar n.m. (lit.) carrot [P]

•ftp

Jir ar

fgu'zar n.f.

livelihood ; living ingress

and egress loving together inference

sSj'S g*' gar ba'sar n.f. subsistence pulling

together living Vjiy^j^ga’ zar ba’sar ho' us V. i .

live subsist itfj/gU'zar-gZh' n.f. passage

cf f J

52 *

/

lCJffi'zar~gah-e 'an' N.F. thoroughfare
gUzarah' adj. transitory evanescent [P]
i\ ,fsMzrari n.f. livelihood living pulling
wJS together getting along t ’J&bygBzran'
kar'na v.t. jpull together maintain oneself

’zar ga’’i guzran' kya’
jkofip'rl kya makan' prov. good or t> a d, the days
are past ( ~ cj ~ P
»• . (gu'zajna v.t. go by ; pass by

bs e

(<q

end die ; pass away
pull together feel

cross

happen ; occur
experience [~P

^VJL f

'fgUzran.na v.t. submit; put up (fj?guz'ri
Kw n.f. evening market K$($j$gUz'ri lag'na v.t.
(of evening market) be held [ ~ prec.J
£.‘f^Hzosh’tah adj. past elapsed ended

bygone last late (J t£z£-fguzash lagan

n.m. pl. the dead c Jii'^guzash ’tah

ra salat’ a’ih'dah ra thlifat prov. let bygones ;
be bygones think^of tomorrow for yesterday
is no more V- cF/] .J,

^Ajfgt*zash't i nt. past; ended (ftygazasJi tani
adj. passing ; mortal [P~ j^-J]

/ fea'iak n.f. a kind of crisp sweetmeat

Oy relish [P- ^1 ^

• •fgacafid ' n.m. loss harm injury
A 'iJ ’ gazafid' pahific&'na v.t. come to grief [Pj y
. fgaQ'iah adj. bitten stung [P~fcu/

KbS ga&'dan] ~ .

~ t f'gZ&'dah adj. chosen selected [P-^V

°a kS ga&'dan] ~

“'f&diir' n.m. help ; remedy (only in) yyi'na-
jJ giizir' ADJ. indespensable [PJ

j fgizilf suf. choosing ; selecting adopt-
ed ing tCi fgita'ni suf. selection adoption

I

. Jgisar' suf. consuming ; drinking (fjlsgusa’rt
^•^suf. consuming [PJ
(jtJ&usa''**, uZVjgosa'ik n.m. (dial.)

» ^ Hindu saint (arch.) cowherd (as appella-
tion of Krishna) fS]

f | -fg^stakh' ADJ. saucy audacious

ru de ; insolent; impudent ^irc/gustakha-
nqh ADJ. rude ; unsolent ADV. rudely ; insolently
SC^Jgistakhi n.f. rudeness ; insplence

sauciness audacity

khi kar'na (or st pesh a'«a) v.t. & i. be rude ;
be insolent ; behave impudently be saucy
&\ygCfgftstakH mo'af inY. excuse me I
crave your indulgence [PJ
— f'gis’iat suf. spreading dispensing *
administring^pjgCrtarVflA adi. spread^*'

gista’ri suf.

spreading dispensing
administ / f

••J gUsas’tak adj. broken (fegusas’.

tagi (*.»

being broken [P
^yfgusil' suf, breaking ; ruining [P]

^ ufgask'l n.f. beat (of police, etc.) round
touring walk ; stroll

gash't kar'na (or laga'na ) v.t. go one’s rounds
patrol tour walk ; stroll

nacp'na v.t. (of dancing-girl) lead marriage
procession dancing ahead of it flr^gaih’tl adj.

circulating touring ^.itinerant

gash’ll chit’ths n.f. jsy^&'gash’ti mura’safaP
n.m. circular letter ; circular [P~ ^r]

•aigaf adj. (of cloth) thick ; of close texture

jfjfguft&r' n.f. (lit.) speaking talk;
“speech; discourse [P
fttfglsflu go» n.f. talk conversation ;
dialogue chit-chat (rare) parleys ;

negotiations i-o-shunid' n.f. parleys
negotiations ~ talks discussion conversa-
tion '(P*fga f’tar.l aDv. & adj. worth mention

[P~ - r

e ffgog’r* ^gagar'ya N.F. metal pitcher [*)f

Jfga’gan n.m. (dial.) sky ga' gan kM'na

v.t. (of water) spurt high gan'ho'ntt

v.t. rocket be sky-high (SJ
tffgttl n.m. flower rose (fig.), baleved ;

U sweetheart ; one’s lady love •*

ash' raj i n.m. marigold fj&ffgul-afshdh adj.
strewn with flosvers showering flower petals
speaking sweetly ajsht’ni n.f.

showering of flower petals (liv) Sweat speech
efsha’m kar’na v.T. (polife Or iron)
speak /* Ittfjga l- and am’ adj. graceful n.m. ex-
quisite beauty beloved gal-$ aurafig’

n.m. a species of marigold ^^l^gnt-batg’ n.f.

shouts of joy nigh ling graceful n.m. ex-
quisite beauty beloved gale* cry good news
tfjjgklrbt’dan adj. graceful n.m. cxquilitg
beauty a kind of silk cloth £?g*l’bar'gjiM.

rose leaf (fig.) beloved’s lips djrgul'r
hak»’’oli n.m. a species of white fragrant (lower
i yrf f gAI'bun n.f. garden tfjjf g*l hoo'ta n.m.
flower and ill plant decoration j gul
boo'it flowers and "plants . vegetation * floral
patterns beganah n.m. wild flower

jyfgdl'-piiili adj. strewn with flowers with
a prolific growth of flowers CljMjfgM phnofnM

525

v.i. (of something new or wonderful) happen
be in troubl e t >lz(fgiil pays' dak N.M. wild rose
gut-pair than, Jgil-pai' rahan adj.

graceful n.m. exquisite beauty beloved

l yp&gut-Lart dt n.m. gardner’s scissors C^/fgul
jkar'ns v.i. (of talk) sound sweet \Sj^J gu'Ue
ja 'fari n.m. ‘tagetes pat u la’ N . M . moon

flower f^?(J^gu'l-eltash’in adj. & n.m. albugo :
albugineous (person) gul-^eh'rah adj. rosy

, checjced n.m. exquisite beauty beloved

n.m. flower-gatherer ; florist
who enjoys the close company (of a beauty)
successful lover (f*ffgul'-ch I'm. n.f. plucking
or gathering of flowers having a happy time
(with) Ll/^ygul-cbrni kar'ns v.i. .pluck
flower's have a happy time (with) ^y^lfgul-r
khat’ml n.m. marsh-mallow flower
gil-khai'rs (or khai'roo) n.m. gilly flower ;
Chinese hollyhock <})ljjfgul-dsn' n.m. flower
pot fsse (ftjtjJfgul-e da'oodi n.m. chrysanthe-
mum £$0gul-das' iah n.m. bouquet ; nosegay
Sti-* do-paihar' , kf&jfgOl dopaih'riys
n.m. the marvel of Peru fj/gul'-dum ^n.f. a
species of nightingale O^gul'-rJikh, 3/ / pitt-roo'
adj. rosy-cheeked n.m. exquisite beauty
beloved CfjJfgUl-e ra l nt n.m. a species of
red and pale rose beloved <-£l/?g'ul-raiig' adj.
red, rosy jejf gut-re t adj. shedding flowers
petals n.f. a kind of fireworks (fyjfgut-re'zl n.f,
shedding of flowers jj^fgulzar' n"m. garden

guiztr-e ibrshim' (or ibrshi'tm) n.m.
pyre raised by Nimrod to bum Abraham
alive but which was miraculously changed into,
a garden (fig.) unexpected relief.j£-^
guiis'taii, (rare gut' silsh ) n.m. rose garden jg/J
gul-t sar sabad n.m. choicest flower s'Jfgul-e
soorafijan' n.m. hermodactyl flow zr^/ytfgu-le
sosan n.m. lily jfjfgbl-e rhab’bo n.m. a species of
flower emitting fragrance at night J&gul’skan
n.m. garden jjy j^^gul-e sad-bar’g n.m. msri-
gold ( f'lS‘ ( fg3l-e ‘abb# si n.m. ‘mitabilis jalopa’
jUJ^gul-'azar’ adj. rosy cheeked n.m. ex-
quisite beauty beloved f&?gulfm' adj.

rosy-cheeked (beloved, etc.) cherry red (wine,
cic.) ^fyjpgil-t farahg' n.m. ‘vinca rosea '&>}</
gul-Jirash' n.m, florist ; flower-seller j£fgilqahd'
n.m. candied roses ; conserve of rose ($,gJ?gul-ktri
n.m. embroidery painting of flowers
gut-ks'rl kar'ns v.t. embroider Cp/jf'gUl'

•ka! tarnS v.i. work wonders C&tfjfgUl' kh.Ua ns
v.i. stir up some trouble sow seeds of

dissention bring down trouble upon do
something unexpected come to blossom Ct&Jr
gul' khil'ns v.t. (of something unexpected)
happen (of flower) blossom uzJ&gHl-gaeK !
n.m. walking in a garden ; stroll ^J&gul-gooh'
adj. rosy : rose coloured ; roseate y J^gSlgoo’nah
n.m. rouge ; safflower powder Jilifgu' l- e fa'ldlt
n.m. tulip ; poppy flower J gtt'l-e makh'ma
N.M. globe J gid-maihti di N;M .

balsam u gul-mekh' n.f. stud jtlf gains** n.m.

pomegranate flower scarlet colour adj.
scarlet 2*& y L‘cf gUl-e. na-shigu J'tah n.m. (fig.)
virgin ; maiden ^^(fgkl-e nasrin' n.m. jonquil
•JMJgZ'l* haia'rah n.m. double poppy [P]
t tfgut N.M. snuff (of wick) charred tobacco
U (in hookah bowl) stigma ; brand live
coal gul' jksr'ns v.t. flick the ash (of

cigcrette) trim the wick squander money
v/fY gul' kar'ns v.t. put out (lamp) Cldfjfgai'
kh tns t. & i. cauterize oneself (in proof of
love) be cauterized ^M'giit'-glr n.f. snuffer;
pick wick bjfffgif ho'ns v.i. be put out ; be
extinguished

tfgil n.f. mud, clay earth tfj'u gi\-e
U ar'mani n.f. Armenian bole git hik'mat
n.f heat in container mode airtight by mud
plaster ; heat in tight container fi fn

hik'mal kar'ns v.t. heat thus bedraggle ff
gi'li adj, earthen [P] '

tfgalpKZV.^ neck cheek throat
v O 1 >( oy. tJ gal-bakfi'ysii (or bay'ysfi) dal' ns
v.t. ^embrace’"fondly 1 keif gal' -pkarp n.m. gill
PyfJ gal-phoo'ls adj. chubby gal-piur' n.m
mumps fgal-tak'yah n.m. ' small pillow for
cheek $ gal'-Xa'r&H.*. harness fitting under-
neath a yoke tfjjrj gal-)ar\d'rs n.m. sling (for
injured arm, etc.) JZ'jrjfgaljot' n.f rope for
yoking two bullocks together (fig.) one who
pesters others ,'^gal-khor' n.f. halter CZ/Jfgct-
gautk'ns adj. & n.m. chubby i^iXgab-mSct'
galach’dibe n.m. pp. whiskers (- fold. or~
Jf cheek cont.J

.tfga'ls n.m. throat neck collar ; breast
(of shirt, etc.) voice i'fi/ga'ls s'na v
have a sore throat ptjtjjf'ga'la utbs'na v.t.
message (cnild’s) Uvula as a cure for cold Vk&lff
go! Is bafidh'ns v.r. be heavily in debt
ga'ls band Ko'na v.t. lose voice be choked
(Cfy&J Vffjfga'la bnith'ns (or par’nt) v.i. be
hoarse ; have a sore throat ga'lafiak'.rd

ja'nsv. i. have a burning m the throat pf
go.' la pa' karris v.t seize (someone) by*tb»

526

throat ; collar irritate the throat ijlef tffga'la
Phar’na v.t. shriek A&V’tfga’la pilar pkar ’ kar
adv. at the top of one's voice Cjgpfga’la pker'uc.
v i. modulate one’s voice in singing ga'la

dabs' nav. t. strangle ; throttle press hard
(for) oppress ; suppress t ga'la kat'nd v.t.

Cut the ^throat oppress ; suppress

defraud tsyYtffga'Ia ghoi'vS v.t. strangle ;
throttle Ce>2t,J?ea'le batdk'na v.t. foist on

ga'le par’na (or batdk'na) v.t. & r.~
be foisted on foist one’s company (or some-
one) be entrusted VjCl^Z.&.ga'U se utar’na
v.T. gulp down ; swallow shake off
V/i ga’le se u tarns v.i. be swallowed be
shaken off 4 ga’le ks har’ n.m. unwanted
companion t’te ga’le ks har ’ ho’ js'na v.t.

pester; plague importune

ga’le ki ra’get phSls’na v.t. be enraged
ga’le lags’ ns v.t. embrace (someone)
ga’le lag’ ns (or mil’ns) v.t. embrace get
reconciled to each other ((>£■ ga'le

maitdk'ns (or marh'rs) v.t. foist palm off
(on) t <j£j£ ga'le met a'takns v.t. Jc . 1.
choke not to be swallowed down l
ga’le met kstite par'na v.i. have a parched
throat feel thirsty /\

^ gal' l a n.m. (same as yjfgal'lah* +

.d/gulab' n.m rose J’li^jfgUlab'-'
pash n.m. rosewater sprinkler
(/'*’ t-'dfgilab' ps’sH n.f. sprinkling
of rose water C^/iy'lp-z'lflgulab'-pa'sHl
kar' ns v.t. sprinkle T use- water v//

cftfiyllfgalab'-ja'man n.f. luscious juicy ball ; a
kind of sweetmeat fiijf'guta'bi adj. rosy ;
roseate ; pink mild not fanatic n.f. flagon
wine cup wine yif Y&Jlfgala'bi ahkkeh n.f.
eyes red with inebriation/j^jj^gi/o'-ii js'ra n.m.
mild winter [P] * ^

jj^gila'bah n.m. plastering mud l~P if gilf-yl)

^ijfgilas' VM. glass ; tumbler [E]

t.jfailai' n.m. red powder ^thrown over one
y** another during Holi Oj\)^g*tlal urs'ra v.
to throw red powder at one if gala'll adj. of
red colour ; dyed with it jUfJItM gUlal adj.
bright red „

a'»a V.T. (see under CP v.u *)

gUlat’Jii adj. (of boiled rice, etc.) softened
(y overmuch and clotted

-Si*?

life of

btf'g’h n.m. gilt nickel plating (f*gif’a
I^adj. gilt ; gilded nickel plated fEJ
Jtjfgil’ti N.f tumour gland

bJfg&ljhutt n.f tangle ill-feeling .
• rancour

, Jffgulckar’ re n.m. pl. life of pleasure .
S&?ClilgulcMar're ura'tm v.r. lead a li
luxury

galach’ehke n.m. pl. (same as ^ (see
I — under <f & al N - ★) T

•Jpgal'khapsN.T. struggle (fig.) quarrel
I— iy Km Jrg‘2l'khap hp'ria v.i. have a quarrel
(with) [ ~ jjf)

.tfgul’khan k m. furnace [P]

Y.kj/mgaldahg' n.m. bull dog [~E bull-dog
,‘-'VU F cor.]

n.f. (same as n.f. it)

^jfgal'gal n.m. citron

jj^j^gul' gala n.m. fried cookie

f.tlftfgalgala'na v.i. become jelly-like l&gal’ gala
vlP* adj. jellv-like Jsfy&galgala'hai n.f. being
jelly-like

ptfgal'ns v.i. be cooked well soften thus
v*^ melt dissolve be mortified rot
ijyiifga'la sa'rn adj. rotten putrid CJ f

gala'ns v.t. cook well soften thus melt
dissolve mortify _ cause to rot jjjfgala’'o
N.M.,J>jltfgala’vaf n.f. dissolving ; dissolution
Jjl f gala '00 adj. & n.m. melting (stuff)
soluble or dissolving (stuff)
tfgul’am n.m. hardened swelling (resulting
r from injury)

/l_ ^

muffler ; * cravet f rfeckcloth jewellery for
neck ; neckhand Jfiy/guloa’-khals’si n.f. es-
cape //guloo’-glr’ adj. irritating to the
throat*" choking causing hoarseness choked
seizing by the neck ; collaring [A]

£ gilau ’ n.f, ‘menropermum glabrum’

gil’lo N.F. (same as (fyfa.r • ★)

^galob’ n.m. globe [E]

C

. j/gilou’ri n.f. seasoned betel-leaf roiled
'Jjjr a pyramid

faaloo'N.u. (lit.) gullet, wind pipe
throat neck X*je gu’loo-bahd n.m. scarf;

527

/fgtman' n.m. idea; thought; action
supposition ; conjecture doubt ;

suspicion (usu. prop, gaman) pride ; vanity
fgumarre gha'lib n.m. likelihood Vj^lX
guman kar' na v.l. think; believe ; suppose
doubt ; suspect show pride ; be conceited ;
be vain [P)

1 Jtgambhir' adj. serious ; grave deep ;
LjT* profound thoughtful n.m. carbuncle

Sgi'lah n.m. (usu. friendly) complaint vjjt
/Jr gi'lah kar'na v.t. complaint (in a friendly
manner) (fji'/Xgi'la-guga'rin.r. (usu. friendly)
complaint [P]

I Sgal'lah n.m. flock herd drove

gal' la-ban' n.m. shepherd herds man

^ tjf gdl'lu-bam n.f. flock-keeping
fj^gal'lah, $ gal'la n.m. safe

ij^gilaih’ri (nurs. jt gil'lo) n.f. squirrel

n.m. glandular swelling on throat

figa'll n.f. street ; lane ; go’ll

y koo'&ah n.m. street ; lane every street
Jf'ff go’ I i go'll adj. from street to street

in every street t'' tStJ^XdjXgalyok ki khak
dihin'na v.l. wander aimlessly; tramp
/*'* adj. (see under $ gil n.f. ★)

/ gtTli, gal'll n.f. cat (used in game tip-
eat) com cob ijl’fjfgH'ti daft' da n.m. tip-
cat • &r\i'jdfgir li-dati da kkel’na v.i. play tip-cat
jfgil’yor adj. lazy ; idle slovenly

Jfgallm' N.F. rug [Pj

f gin adj. lost missing wanted » Jy*

I gum-rah', gum -rah adj. misled ; mis-
guided depraved wicked heretical adv.
astray gJi ,^1 gum' rah kar'na v.t mislead;
misguide lead astray seduce fyg l/gum-rah'
ho'na v.i. be misled be led astray
apostatise be seduced (fi) y f'giim-ta'hi n.f.
beine misled seduction heresy ^ apostasy
X J gum' sum ADV. (ped. gum'-sum'ju

struck dumb adv. quiet glum

gum sum boitk'na (or ho'na) v.i. be struck,
dumb : be dumb-founded be gluni, 0 y^f
gtm'-tfU'dah adj. lost missing J’yXgum’-

tkudagi n.f. loss . being missing g*m
kar'na adj. (one) having lost
karda-rah’ adj. & M M.- (one) led astray 1‘jX
gum kar'na v.T. lose hide ; conceal zXXf
gum-gatjtlah adj. lost missing (one)
having lost one's way f^fgum-nawi adj.
anonymous unknown obscure t 'jF^gum'

ho'na v.t. be lost ; get lost be missing
^ gum' ma N.m. large thick brick

tfgumash'tah n.m. {pud^f^gSmadi' tagah)
/•Sy* agent ; representative ; factor [P - ^lf 1

turret small minaret

t /{
i /!

1 jXgum’ti n . f .

t M gam'ti (or gtm’il ) n.f. dimity ( ~ E corr.}

/faumak n.f. echo in musical instrument
[ONO.]

./ gam'la n.m: flower pot evacuation

***Vpot in close stool ; pot chamber-pot
jgttn n.m. y merit skill virtue qua-
(✓ lity cSgton au'gUn n.m. merits anc
merits Clfjfgun ga'na v.i. extol ; sing the praise:
(of) lylfj/gun' man'na v.t. be grateful (to)
gun-vabl ' , f gunl' adj. & n.m. skilful

#gu'na adj. primes suf. fold \fj dug'na adj.
* twofold X id? tin' ga’na adj . three fold
Uganda n.m. sugar-cane (/jl/XLgari m ka ros
n.m. cane juice ’X- gan'nt kl pkah'di
n.f. bundle of sugar-cane" .

• »jfeina'na v.t. same as (caus. ~ c?
L V v.t. ir)

,fginah\ X gunah n.m. (rare) fault
ffr gUnah' bakh'shna v.t. forgive sin par-
don t^JJdL-oOgana'h-e bt-laz'wt n.m. joyless
sin (fig) lie; telling, a lie tyS^olf guna'h-e
sagbi'rah n.m. venial sin o / *f' 9 \Xguna’h-e kabi’rah
n.m. mortal sin I’X >X gunah' kar'na v.t. sin •
commit a sin do a wrong

n.m. & adj. sinful (person) guilty ; at fault jfyX
I’tyjfgUnah'-gar thaihra'na v.t. condemn
hold guilty gGna\-ga'rl, tfj&fgunah'-ga'ri

n.f. sinfulness [PJ . „

,f gum' bad n.m. dome ; cupola
Jyf badt-t khagra' n.m. Holy Prophet’s mauso-
leum ; Green JDome ybyX gum'bad-dar adj.
domed fTJjfgum'bad kl ana*’ (or soda')

n.f. echo fig. bomerang (fig) recoil-
ing of one’s misdeeds on one jbfjSf gUm'bad-e
gar'dah, ^ZlljSgZm'bad-* lajvar'di n.m. hea-
venly dome f

t fgin't affix, count (only in )\ZX^tanrgin't
diX innumerable ( - fX )

tfjgahga n.f. Ganges ; river regarded by Hindus

- i i i v .. . .

I fgo conj. though ; although , even though
-^ thugh fj go keh aov. (arch.) although
f f go (or goo) v.T. imp. (rare) say suf. saying
S narrator ''dfh 0 ma-go' ki ha'lal
n.f. hesitation ; reluctance fix ^Af go” I
suf. saying ; speaking ; uttering (P-

1 -

as a sacred mother tits liE* gait n.m. . . . . ^ y >. ... ^

(dial.) bathing in the Ganges (as a purifying act) ffgo (or goo) v.T. imp. (rare) sa'
CoT. tf ki gah'ga baih’na v.T. be profound (in) J narrator •JS-'V f/fgo i

iff tffgoM'ga jot n.m. (dial.) water of the Ganges n.f. hesitation ; reluctance
(as holy water) f &Igah' ga-ja'll n.m. small con- suf. saying ; speaking ; uttering
taincr for the Ganges water tffgah'ga-ja'li ij ZWar' n.m. a species of com

titiana v.t. (of Hindus) swear by the holy water f

of the Ganges (jrfffgat'ga-jam'm adj. mixed , fgutmr' suf. (see under
metallic (vessel) engraved to show off a A
different metal Clf&fgat'ga nahtt'm v.i. be / i/gnva'ra adj. so-so ;
absolved of sin by bathing in the Ganges l&Jp'. ' able oleasant : aer
baih'li gah'ga n.m. (fig.) opportunity open to all
Sri <£& baih'li gah'ga me* hath.' dho'na
v.t\ avail oneself of general opportunity
ftjjguri guna adj. (same as C^adj. if)

fftffgingilna na v.i. snuffle hum

PilHP* tina ini Rr fd enufflnr .

ADJ. *)

■ a ■jo— -o '— uvhu ar -

gitng' gna adj. & n.m. muffler \ffgHngu-
*a’ haf N;F. snuffle hum

gin'na v.t. count ; reckon count up
regard (as) ; count upon (as) bff tf gi'na
adj. reckoned already known
ffftf, gin' gin kar adv. counting one by one

in the exact amount with . great difficulty

/ .(givafa adj. so-so ; indifferent toler-
i^ '^ablr. pleasant ; agreeable vj'ljfgM^tZ
kar’na v. brook ; tolerate ; endure jtfguvar'
suf. (untokr)-able (plcas)-ant [PJ
.iitgovaid n.m. cowherd milkman Jf
P 1 * govalon n.f. milkmaid cowherd’s wife
[~£-foTy+ j)ij]

fifgaoa'na V.T. cause to sing frcAUs.J

.fgauah' (ped. gi>vah'\ n.m. witness Cts»f
O-'Jgavah’ bana'na v.r.„ call to witness *
name a witness tff?lfgaoa'h-e n.m.

tutored witness ^ti^ f lfgaoa'h-e safs”i n.m.
defence witness i :f t (fgavah' kar'na v.t. make

(someone) a witness call to witness oiftjf*

y ry v W1IU . gTOU uimcuuy a WU 1 IC 33 tan tu WiUlCba o'j***f s

^f&Spt/gin ' gin kar din kaj'na ph. pass one’s thash'm-did gavah' n.m. eye-witness (ffgavaHu

d^ys vndi grmt difficulty ; to live a hard life ,/ (pcd. guv a’ hi) n.f. evidence ; testimony

CfjfJbygfo' gtn kar qa’dam rakh'na v.t. gtwahi de'na v.t. depose give evidence
move slowly stop cautiously ..a? G . lilJ.zJpi'td bear testimony bear witness (PI

cause to count help reckon
f^fB^hoar' n.m. villager ; countryman ;
jjr rustic churl ; boor ; clown adj. low-
bred uncultured person unmann erly
rude (frjljJgani’ar'-pan n.m. boorishness
lack of manners rudeness P fjljfgamr' ka
lafh n.u. arrant fool jjlfga/iva'roo adj. rustic

v.t. (dial.) plaster with cowdung'
pfb^'bhi, go' bhi ka phool n.f. cauli-

flower (gffrbaiid go'bkl n.f. cabbage
ed person unmannerly ‘ itfgopal' n.m. (lit.) mace (P]
r ~pan n.m. boorishness /

rudeness P tfjtjfgamr' ka /, n.m. (dial.) cowherd this a*

fool jjljfgahva’ too adj. rustic (J*r appellation of Hindu deity Krishna fS~

« — * — • — * — * ' auj. fuhiig ut Mutuu ucuy jvnsxina

(taste, fashion, etc.) (fj\$fgam‘ri n;f. country Ob )

™ 0I ^ n /, fgo’piya, i/£f go' Phan, Inf/go' pkiya n.m

tflfgoftva'na v.t lose waste ; squander J$^sling catapult

f' a . Jgo’pi n.f. milkmaid as one of the girl frii

y\fgiM'na v.t. (caus. ~ & v.t. if) Qgor Hindu deity Krishna [8]

£ fy/gohoa'na v.t lose waste ; squander

£j^fgnm'na v.t. (caus. ~ «/v.x. ★)

•J'ginah' n.m. (short for of«(j>N.M. if)

/*■« adj. guinea W

Qjgun'ja n.m. square ; mason’s square ;
Z L-square

fgto n.m. (lit.) ball goo”, sab' gat

J ‘fji’na ph. st««| a march (on) (P]

i W'P* N-F. milkmaid as one of die girl friends
of Hindu deity Krishna [8]

^jfo/M.M. (dial.) nib-caste lineage [8]

^^gooth'na v.t. (same as t&jfv. t. if)

JgoiN.r . counter. ; draughtsman hem

- rvnnlj. • tmnailfltinn ' ..

^hjtgoj n.f. counter. ; draughtsman hem
* people ; population (also<5 tjffgu' oh
got) village

tkfgo' fa n.m. brocade fillet ; gold r silver) lace

530

rf

ctr

.fgoo'jar N.II. cowherd dairyman
v' name of a martial caste of this subcontinent
tSZl gooj'rl, if/fguj'ji N .F. milkmaid ; dairy

maid dairymans wife, etc. woman of a
particular martial caste of this sub-continent
l^iiy'ra n.m. a mixture of wheat and barley

JQfk'ri R-F. field of wheat and gram

sown together mixed wheat and gram
fgod n.f. lap t/fjgod’ bkar’na v.t. & i.

37 place seven types of fruit in pregnant
woman’s lap as a good omen be blessed with
a child (f/fjfgod'-Uu'ri adj. blessed with a
child in arms fj let (Ol*fkbfg° d (or go' diyog)
kkila'na v.t. bring up“(a child) dandle Cdjf
god' U'na v t. adopt (a child) C&ZuCjjgod meg
baifh'na v.i. leap into (someone's) arms
sit in the lap of Crj(ftbj2£j*,fg«d meg batik'
kar da’rhs no&ia ph subtly abuse one’s
benefactor be rude to him 1>| zt,fgod' meg
le'na v.t. here (child) on one's lap dandle
(child) ;

| fg°ida n.m. pulp ; pap pith manow

(ffj t'' • f goo'de ki had’di n.f. marrow bone
^^jgodtari n.m. godown [E ~ Malay godongj

P fgoo'dar n.m. cotton wool taken out from
old quilt worn-out quilt rag
goo'dar meg la l ’l n.M. a jewel in rags tf) 3 ?go' dai\
m.f. (same as^jj/w.F. ★)

^y/d odi N - r - P>C r . wharf ; jetty

/ got m.f. grave tomb (J^Z/jfgo'r-e
ghari'baM n.f. unattended grave yard ;
burial-place of the poor (Vjd t) I'iALfofJslf'jfgor’
ka math' jtagk' kar a'na (or ’pkir'na) ph . recover
from serious illness ' c fj/gor'kan n.m. grave-
digger x—itfjfgor' kwi' re adv. about to die

decrepit pT r /go 't-o ka’fan n.m. funeral
rites, obsequies > burial ( ^'j^/d r be*gor'~o~
ka'fm i adj. unburied ; uninterred j/';> 9 JJzig”da-
dtr-pr' adj. (see under gjj adj.
go'ristan n.m. graveyard . burial ground [P]
f gt'ra AOj. (r. tfjfgo'ri) fair blond
•J7 western English n.m Westerner
Englishman British soldier lib ufgora <&it' fa
adj, fair, fair-complexioncd tfli'U/go'ra-tka'fti
n.f. British rule aoj of Britishers Army
(boots) fa/ g*'ri N.r English woman
Western lady

^ Jg ot'-kho* n m sebra (P|

gor'kha N.M. Gurkha

3J.

I . S Ygo'rakh-dhan da n.m. puzzle lock
JPJ* puzzle-ring intricate problem
* fgavar'nar n.m. Governor } jf gaoar'nati
SJ" n.f. gubernatorial office f)jsj,j/gooar'neg*
^jan'ral n.m. Governor-General [E] *
£^ J'ga' i bammegt n.f. Government [E]

J'gu'roo n.m. (same as jj'tt.u. it)

fgo'rt aDj. & n.f. (see under \dj. ft
(J-J* n.m. Hr)

^^jgavri n.f. name of a musical mode

// f gar' gag (or gUrgan') adj. leading a Gfe of
q)*J7 luxury [T]

fgauray'ja n.f. (dial.) sparrow

l J 7

*% (g° r ’ na v.t scrape (weeds) dig
lV.7 (earth)

.fgo Z n.m. fan ji?j/go‘z-e Mk’ttkr n.m, (fig.)
JJ silly idea ; word carrying no weight
CdCgo'z-e shu'Wr sa'majkn a PH. treat lightly

disregard I'jtjfgoz' mar’na v.t. fart ; break
wind [P]

^ j'gamz'n n.m. stag ; deer [P]

.. fgosa'lah n.m. calf O^Jl'fgosa’Ukpani’t
J*'7 adi. cow-worshipper r tosa'la

cow-worshipper

cow- worship (esp of ancient

adj.

paras't S n.f

Egypt) (Pj > f

ifl//* 0 * 3 '** N,M ' ^

. .f&ospagd', j&’fgosfakd' w.m. sheep

X%7 goat (P) ^

Z.fgo it n.m. ear Vx jb^.J'/go^-bar-anaz ho'na
Jj v.i. be in a state of expcctency Vjej&f
go.tbzad ho’na^v.t. be heard t gjj , fgo&'-za’dah
adj. heard ijP tffgg Or* shan'va n.m. an ear
ready to listen e/ji^J'/goah'-gizar' kar'na v.t.

submit bring to the notice (of) inti-
mate Cj6bf t /*?g°!h'-gazJ*i' t ho'na v.t. be in-
formed , be intimated Jff’/gosh-ma'li n.f. re-
proof f/’d&Xgoth-ma'H kar'na v.t. scold .
reprove , chide jc/^fj/gtrag’-godi' adj. hard of
hearing . deaf (P)

yfgosht n.m. flesh meat^Pd^ygoA't-poyt
&y flesh and blood - one’s ficihj/ipfif

goih't-khor adj. flesh-eating ; carnivorous
lyj ijf^J'Itgoih'l se nakhknjida’ ho’na ph. (of near
relations) be permanently estranged Ajjf \S C?/
go$ t ka lotk'ra n.m. lump of flesh (PJ

532

^ goh h.f. iguana

/ gooh n.m. excrement; filth ; ordure

gooh ’ uekkol'na. v.t. wash dirty linen in
public <7-1 OtyfuZ&tfly&f&ooh' ka ki'ra gooh'
hi me Ik khtlth' rath' la hat prov. people like the
environment in which they are born vJ’tfgooh'
kar'na v.t. evacuate bowels make a poor
show il^ t /gooh' khn’nn v.t. commit a sin
talk nonsense if goo' ha ^lB dhhi ti.r.

(nun.) filthy (fig.) silly talk
i f (or j\f) gohar' n.f. cry for help
J I y bandying oi abuses one's fight
agains* many j[f gohar' lar'na v.i. fight

single-handed against many
' ^ gohcLtja'ni n.f. sty ; stye

Jfi/

goA'r n.m. passage for ox -cart

f gau'har, go'hor n.m. pearl' gem;
>7-' jewel descent essence ; quintessence
talent sharpness of sword gau'har-

afshait apj. (fig.) adj. eloquent adv. (polite)
speaking "^lyj^J'gau'har'-afsha'ni n.f (fig.)
(polite or joc.) speaking utterance Ayt*
gau’ Itar-bdr adj. raining pearls coming in
fine drops highly prized gau'har-sabj,

ifl~^f/gau‘har-dtin3s’ n.m. & adj. lapidary
ffig.) critic [Pj

.sfgo-’ii'dak n.m. informer (pl.^f^y
go"ihdagsfi) speakers; utterers (P-»

say] r *

3/ go”i suf. (see under J go 1c)

I**. / gka'ta n.m. excess charged on paid price
' ghs'le mrfi adv. gratuitously

> jrglat n.m. wharf ; ferry riverside
^ bathing place such place for draw-
ing water or washing clothes brassier* brest
point where sword blade curves
ghat ghat kapa'ti. fn'na ph. be widely* experien-
ced I'jLt&fJghat' mar'na v.t. smuggle dutiable
goods ij£l£t\£ ghat'-mak'jhi n.m. ferryman
h.f’ gha'fS n.m. loss deficiency
v damages I'lSrf ffgha'ia kits' na v.t
suffer a loss C% If if / ho gha'ts pcn'na v.t. incur
a loss [ ~ bw j , * „/

*ti? gha'ti n.f. valley pass J
0 au'ghat gha'ti n.f. difficult pass
J^fghas (\\A. Jtlfgfuihs) N.F. gram
w ^hay^li/l/^t' />a/ n.f. greens (/tgrflfghas'
pkoos n.m’ straw l/tyi/t/gkai' kdt’na v.t. cut
grass grub up grass do something haphazardly
Ci/j-Afghss' kha'na v.t. & 1 . graze lose
one’s wits ; go mad hjj^cT^fgh as ' fcW'na v.t.
grub up grass
* * ghag adj.

* goo*'e n.m. (genitive form of / goo ★)

s { goo"iya% n.f. female’s friend or play-
^ v*/ mate of own sex ; friend

^ ge'/a n.m. & adj. speaking person , (one)
able to talk con J. as if so to say

in a way perhaps $ ifgoy a'** n.f.
utterance (power of) speech [P ~ say]

t/ gova/ya n.m. singer vocalist

^ geh n.m. (short for ./'n.f ★)

.—.if' ghat n.f . ambush , ambuscade

opportune moment (for attack, etc.)
(rare) trick rtJfctJl'tf&lfghattaga'na (or
baifh'na) v.t ambush : lie in ambush , lay
or nftakc aipbush ; lie in wait (for) gha'ti,

gha'tiya n.m. ® adj. lurking (one)
lying in ambush

JJ

veteran wily (old man)

, {,? ghagh'ra, ij? ghag’ra ttM. k»g
•y ** skirt petticoat (rare) kilt cfiLflf
ghagk'rs pal’tan n.f. (joc.) kilted soldiers $
Highland, regiment bevy of ladies
s l' mel adj. mixed

, \f ghal'na n.t. ruin Otf/tka
\y M? ghal'na ph. ruin ; -reduce to straits

gha'mar n.m. & adj. fool ; blockhead

f ghon n.m. quantity cast once into frying
IS) & pan, mill, etc. ktarni v.t.

take out prepared quantity 0 IjtfiXghatd <tal'na
v.t. cast a quantity (of something) for frying,
etc. gha'td n«\ .quantity cast once in oil
expeller, etc. QtXif* ko^'^l gha'iti n.m. first
round of such quantity ^ .

yf gka*'d >.M. wound sore

a 0 bhar’na v.t. (of wound or sort) heal
(; / flf gka"o kar'na v.t wound ; inflict a
wound (fig.) injure (someone’s) fcefingsiT^jfi/
gjka"o kha'na v.t. be wounded jlfgha'yal n.m.

^ k'!fghz''o-ghkp adj. embezzler V/iJflf
gka , 'o-gkkp for'na v.t. embezzle
y* f gha”i n f. angle formed betwerii
l} (two finder, branch and stem, etc.)
fraud trick (l? jtflfgha"iyah hot*#

Uran uka " i bata'nd, v.T. dcfrsild

outwit

i f gha'yal adj. injured ; wounded
(JjP (fig.) smitten with love tpffjjf gkajal
kar'na v.f. wound , Jn flirt a wound (fig.)
sm»c with love If Jr $ gka'yal ho'na v.i, be
wounded (fig. 1 besmitten with love
i». T ghabra'nd v.T. & t. feel nervous be

* l/T unnerved , be embarrased be per-
plexed be confused unnerve confuse
perplex Jt^l^fghobra'hat n.f confusion
bewildcrmcni embarassment

J gh*p’ adj. & Ain/ very pitch (dark)
ghMp’ ahdhfta n.m. pitch

dark>^*'^:

gimp' Id n.m. discrepancy (in accounts)

mess . confusion (ifljC-^lAihnp'la
par na (or lag' an) v.i. be in a mess’; be thrown
into ronfusion ^ (of discrepancy) occur (in
accounts) Cf iS^Aghap'la dal'na v.t. make a
mess (of) cause discrepancy (in accounts)

ghip'na v.i. (of knife, etc.) pierce (into
something) { ~ ha

i pi gWi* n.f. cloud gathering of
™ clouds (Lf L (£>/ 1 and

or ufh'na or umaftd'na or ho' a a) v.i. (of clouds)
gather in the horizon (of sky) become cloudy;
be overcast gXJiA&CA.A&a'Y* jhaom' (or
gkir') kara'na v.i. (ofcfouds) gather suddenly
lour ; lower, i'lif & gka.'ta ftha'ha v.t. (of
clouds) lour ; lower «_/} cfgha’td-top adj. &
Any. pitrh (dark)

ib± ghat' id, if gat' la n.m. corn (on skin)

* a

i *iM ghatand v.t. decrease; lessen ; reduce.

* diminish abate subtract lower ;

degrade demote devalue; devaluate
cause to decline ylf ghata'’o n.m. fall
reduction lowering depreciation/^/ Ptf

ghata'o-barha"’o n.m. rise and fall decrease
and increase iff ghat'nd v.t, decrease ;
lessen be subtracted (of price) come down
fall (of moon) wane subside dwindle

be lowered be devalued e yri. fyffghat' It ka
pmh'rah pm. time when something is on the
wane old age \j£ ghat yd (rare J** ghat'yaT)
adj. inferior ** cheap

f,P £ gkitt'na vj. be well-rubbed be
pounded ; be powdered (of head,
etc.) be tonsured ; be close-shaven be chocked
(of hreath) be suffocated ke adv.

(die) of suffocation [’iff gtiitvd'nd v.t. cause

to pound get (head) toplnired gkita’’o
n.m. close atmosphere Jr** gkMi' tai ti.v. close
atmosphere suffocation pressure on space
pf ghSt'ni N.M. knee {\ffaC} if gf/dloA
ghSt'noh mth sir' de U.ni (or ke baith'na)
v.t. hang down one’s head with shame
try to hide oneself be overwhelmed with
grief 1'&/&SA-Jzgkst'n' * ^ga kar bi<ka'im
ph. (of mother) not to set daughter apart from

ghAt’niyoh ehal
knees.

Pj. ghSt'ti n.f. first-ever dose to new born
l? infant (fy L)l'%i££fgh**'* nteh par’ no

(or ho' na.) ph. become one's second nature ,
I tJf'&’ty 3 ' Affghaiva! adj. (see undor lA
ghat' na v.i. ★)

gki (k'~pi& n.f
writing adj.

crowd

crowded

close

closelv

written over

^ gohar’ n.m (short for gau'har n.m. it)

Jl ghat n.m. house ; residence abadc •
/ dwelling , habitation home family
native place soiirc ; origin, spring
place of production groove ; socket h‘f,
^U^gfmr' dbdd' kar'ha (or basa’na) v.t. ■&. t|
marry ; take a wife come to live with (some-
one) as hip wife beget children Ifji
ks ghar abad' ho'nd v.i. (of .man) get married
many)ly4fjlC J rjlS.i)C5rl/g kaT ' ujarna (or
bar bad' ho'nd or titan' ho'nd) v.i. (of home)
be ruined suffer a Joss of someone^ in family
(of house) be buigled LUjcJ ffgkaru /' ho
jd'na v'.t. (of one’s home) be ruined ghar'-

bar n . m . home family house- -house-
hold good Cir'Ap'te ghar’ bar no, v.i. (of man)
get married ; marry (jf^fghar-ba'A n.f. (.rare)
wife li^Aghar'-bigdr’nd v.t. ruin a family
caiisc friction in family fka ghar'

bi'garna v.i. lose one’s contort (bv death or
otherwise) have freqncsi tiffs VC/ghar’
banana v.t. build a house keep house
seen not to ludge from gh*r bh/’en

bhd"e(i kar'ha v. (of house) R>ok desolate
be deserted ghar' blur n.m. die whole

family ffA fhar baiik ! »2 v.i. (of house) ■
collapse (Of vaemun) be practically divorced
\Jt*j£j£.kr ghar baith'na v.i. become the mis-
tress of ‘jS-A ehm' bai'fhe adv. without the least
txerdonl^j^ffke ghat' {mth) par'ria v.i. (of

/

534

/

woman) marry (someone) become the wife
of (someone) ^j^lXt^eCrf^ghar' phoohk' tarns ' -
Jia dtkk'ns ph. waste one’s substance in idle
pleasure tak pahutdiS'na V.i.

escort (someone) to his home C^T gkar'
tak pahuhchi ns ph. abuse members of someone’s
family bare' ke gkar tak pahuttdi'na

v.t. pursue (wicked person, etc.) to the
utmost (joc.) persue to the ' utmost $
fjkar jatcs"i n.m. man living with his in laws
L'ULtJJj>!f2»gkar ' 4tarh! ka lar'nt sins ph. go to
(someone**) house in order to pick up a quarrel
V9% jfgkar' chala'ria v.t. run a house
maintain one s family 0%/^ gkar' dial'nd v.i.
(of family) be maintained gkar'-dar' adj.

family man gkar' -da rt n.f. being a

family man Udj/jjtgkar' dekk' Una v.t.
see a house visit a hotise frequently (of,
death, etq,) spot a house for visitation ij Cdf/*
£ l%(rf gkar' diibo’na (or iqar'ns or bar' bad
kar'n a) v.t. ruin a family CiitJyS/fgkar' sir' par
utha'ns v.t. make much noise
hue and cry maintain a family

raise a great

i gkar' se

ad.v. from one’* own pocket {•*£/ ^fgjhar'
sr bt-gOar’ kar'ns v.T. evict t^/gkar'

se pa"'o* bs’har nikal'na v.t. cbme*out of the
house become vogiad gkar' se de'na

v.t. pay out of one’s pocket (Jfjjfy ‘Z-J’

gkar’ se lor' kar to na'fdb fi’.’e int. why are you
unnecessarily cross L> — gkar' se'tm v.i. (fig.)
idle away one’s time at home Uf gkar' ks,
adj, (f. tfjCfrar’ *1) own ofone’s family
gkar' ks ad'mtu.u. member of one’s
family trustworthy person i/Ujfcf'f \(/gkar'

ka a*'g<m bd’js'm V.I. (of house or household;
be mined Jftr/ gkar' ka ftfa'/a, gkar'

ks (hirSgti' N.M. son ; successor ; scion of" a family
ka bbj%‘ Sffca'aa V. be respon-
sible for the upkeep of the house ; maintain
one’s family^taf ks bhe’di n.m.

confident confidant p gkar' ka

rat ne (or kat kha'nt)
my people very much

miss
desolate

r „ r # m _ the home is

C(%Jt gkar' ks ras'lah bat ana ph. prevari-
cate b£*gk ar' ka ras'tah le'n a int. make

oneseff scarce gkar' *,ka gkar' n.m. the

whole family fcji (>j£ gfar' ks Aar'vs ho
js'no v.i. (of family) be ruined (Jl k^^gkar' ks
mat n.m. one’s own property

ka na ghat' ka ph. (one) rejected by both sides
Vj/fttf/rghor ka nam’ dttb.Ynz v.t. bring shame
on one’s family yf gkar 1 kar sat' tar baW

sar prov. being a family man means a lot of
trouble gka r' kar'na v.t. have a sepa-

rate home for oneself marry' capture
make room for oneself influence iVj ghar_
kama'na v.t. clean night-soil ; scavenge

* & ar> ** a 'dbi na hs'har ki ja'ri prov.
less income at home is preferable to more at
both (dry bread at home is better than roast
meat abroad C/JrJ^gkar' ki tar'k rath' ns
live as a member of a family feel at ease in a
home gkar' ki kk/ti n.f. (fig.)

something to be had without incurring any ex-
penditure own possession £i gkar' ki

latth'd* n.f. handmaiden sJs.Afjfr'dJr gkar' ks
mSr'ghj dal' bars' ber prov. no one is'a hero to
his own valet ; a prophet is not valued in his
own country lyd^^UeC/gkar' ke ja'le U't,
phir'na v.t. search every nook and corner of
the house roam about all over Sj gkar'
ke log n.m. one’s family gkar' ghat' n.m.

address ways and manner secrets (of)

^iXjfgkar' ghal'ns v.t. ruin a household
£ gkar' gkar' n.m. every house adv. in every
fiousc jSJt&ar' gbar'nwfig'te phir'na

v.t. beg from door to door gkar' gluts' roo

n.m. & adj. (one) who always keeps at home
Jy (f t? iJjA^gkar’ gha’ra na khkh as' mol prov.
who will buy a pig in a poke gkar"

garths' t n.f. household virtuous; housewife

l'£t^ gkar' luta'na v.t. squander one’s wealth
u*l £ ghar' le'na v.t. buy a house rent a
house U— moos 'ns v.t. impoverish a
household by continuous demands or filching
ljf> rJtfLX‘\a( jj{<Ji/gkar‘ me* bkao’t a bta*g'
tak na ho'na ph. have nothing at borne ; be ex-
tremely poor CljtJlritj* 4 ua> meil Ma*' ur'ns,
t fa , gkar' me* &oo'he daur'ns ph. have
nothing in the house to cat ; be extremely poor
£j tj(j£jf gkar' me* dsl'ns v.T. make one’s mis-
tress one’s wedded wife jfjJd. (Jt/jl} y £ghar >
na bar ' mj** mahal'le dor prov. feel proud with-
out possession gtj gkar’ -vs' Is H.M. master

of the house husband landlord Jlj^gkar'-
vs'li n;f. housewife wife landlady
oo*dt a gkar' n.m. high lainily y/j/f Ika'ra&uf
n.m. rich- family with many members ^pit/o
ask' gkar' n.m. (rare) post office ^jtrta'r-gkar

n.m. telegraph' office Is^ghar'cs n.m. (dial )
small house V gkMU'tno ADJ. Tlf)
t £ .gkar'ra~ H.u, death rattle gkar'ra

lag' na v.l. be at the last gasp
f gaih'rn ADj. (f. ifj’ gaih'n ) deep

J/r sharp (colour) intimate (friend)

strong , in dissoluble (link, etc.) well -observed

profound (thought) deep or cunning
(person) dense tt/fl/f gaih'rs par'dah n.m.
wel 1-observed purdah ; total seclusion (of women)
£'\fy?gaih'H bat n.f. profound truth sly

matter VIS#// gaih’ri ^kan'nsy.T. prepare
a dense solution of hamp be intoxicated with
11 mt * grih'r* tkkan'na v.t be close

friends . to have a great fight gaih’n I

rfikd to M n.f. sleep soundly ; have a sound sleep
0*4^fgaih‘rt (Pal'ita fi. (highwaymen’s slang)
walk swiftly and kill the patient ^ - X £kt
gaittu ho’ ns v.t. (of someone) earn a lot ; have
good business gjif gaih'ri n.f. intimate
friendship dense solution of hemp $ lyf
gaihra”t N.F. depth deepness profundity
gkir s'ns v.t. (see under I v.t, -dr)

i *1 / gksra’ns, ginra’nah n.m. . house-
* / ^ hold family dynasty ( - yif )
fi IV N F - wider \J" ADJ. it)

gfutr-daur' N.f. hojse race Otygk* •sal'
n f (arch.) Aab}9frfly0glkMr*tit n.f. a kind
of small gun 0*’;* ghiir-na l 'l n.f, ft aDJ. horse-
shoe [~ CON 1 K.J

/ gka'ra n.m. earthep water pot s jar;
’ / pitcher i Jjjffka'rph part par ja'nt
v.t be greatly ashamed (f’sjfgjktrartt'tk * n.f.
pitcher stand .

ghars’na V.T. n.f.

»y gha'rat n.f Cs'JttgkarM' n.f. see

F0LL ** ) «. ✓

,*J,X ghar'aa, (dial. U>£T gmk'u) v.t.

*7 beat, etc. into shape Jorgp- invent
or fabricate (lie, story, etc.) Vl^Jtgktra'n*. fo yt
gkarvs'ns v t. cause to forge get (orna-
ment) made fti 5 +giora''i n.f. remuneration

price workmanship •Zyf gka'rat,

gharafit n.f. faked story make-believe
f gka'rl n.f. chronometer watch
(j y (arch, space of 24 minutes (this, that;

etc.) moment occasion time gk*'l%

bans' na v.t. repair a watch tyrgjy g)u£ A
bha'ri ko'na ph. (of lime) hang heavy ‘(/tyl/fhf
gha' ri bkar men adv. in a moment ; in a tnce
in a jiffy in a short while
pal ki asna'htfi ph. who can be sure next moment

watch maker (f

moment

r >V>£

£ £ gka'rar gha' rat n.f. whirr Mi)Vfdrdr
Jy ^y gka'rai gha’rar shal'ns (or kar’na) v.l.
whirr [ono.J

/ gku'rakna v.t rebuke browbeat
Kr (fa? ghir'ki n.f. rebuke brow-
beating

/ / gkar ghat n.m. whirr |ono.)

/ * A gha'ri gka'rl adv time and again ^

irr (VJb&fdyy I j'lt/’ghari met to’lah gka’ri meg mt'fhah FN.

(• X gkir'na v.t. (of clouds) gather be

* s surrounded (by) be besieged be
busy (with work, etc.)

\ f ghjr'ni n.f pulley handle. rope

i ry twisting wheel vertigo ClS^ghil’rt
kha ns v.r. fall down owing to vertigo
1 * £ gkararti'da (or gkJ-). n.m. toy-house;

•X sand or clay house made and unmade
by children ( ~ )

i f ghtne loo adj. home homely
y~T simple , unsophisticated domesticated
tame private (f£}J’ y £ghatr'loo zifi'dagi n.f.
private life ^U^Jytghare'loo mo's'malah n.m.
internal affair ( ~ yf ) +

Jy Leghari meh to’lah ghSri me ft ma'tkah FN.
fickle ; capricious jjgf&n'j** gin' ns v.t
wait impatiently

huA N -“- crocodjle gong

Oz.y grandfather clock Jl^fgkar'ja'll n.m
one striking the hours at a gong

giBr>a N.F. pony { ~ jJj£ dim.)

, if gkisi'na v.t. rub cause to wear

v out L~£ gii/’ta n.m. rubbing ; abra-

sion shoving in push stroke trick
fraud My lights 'sa-mi'ri n.f. game in which
contenders try to’ snap each other’s string iiv(/
gkiss'vat n.f. /( ^fgkfs3'\> n.m. rubbing
abrasion friction fiuJTgkJfa'U n.f. friction
rubbing rubbing charg « cSgkis'm v.t.
rule wear out j*’*» v.t. wear

out ; be worn out Jfc ( j-* r gki , tan-pH'fl n.f.
brawl fight iV* gkisua'na v.t. . cause to
rub cause to wear out ✓Vr'Cr glw' *«r
adv. (of clothes) after a long and happy use

internal affair l~ V ) . „ ^ • ;; T; T. , . . T,.

>/ gkir-savar', I if? /lUv/tJr *k»' kar lags. or to mk St ph.

gifit'-cJor’ka n.m. horseman cavalier is not at all there

£L.

537

fghv*z'(k* n.f

‘arbus precatorious’ seed

**gJluh'gar n.m. curl i)ij^gkufigara'ld

gkut' ger-va' l&, Jlj&fghufigarvit la adj, curl

(hair)

fifgkti* '»» n.m.
on all tides

tinkle ; small bell protect
tinkling anklet ; band
containing these bells death-rattle
ghuiig'oo batidh'na v.t. tie tinkling anklet (in
preparation for dance) p 'too bol'nd
v.i luve the death-rattle

>•

da (

kar) batik' na ph. keep mum despite the need to
speak

f | fj!j,gha*g»l'»a v.t. stir up (liquid) with
* one’s hand make if turbid pierce
with (something)
l^jgaikva'ioh n.m. cradlr

*.» up»t un ut-aui lamt .a

■ h f. boiled corn

0 tiSt mutih mrt gkithg'niyaKdalt (or d<

iMlgho'ta n.m.
^ pestle
/, » fgkot'na,
pound
by rubbing

polishing stone wooden

tritna v.t grind
pulverise (arch.) glaze (paper)
cram

f'gkor ATi]. terrible dark Jir

adj. (see under ^fghan •*) f
I fo 00 '* N M - dunfchilltf,(/(,>gi,»'ra gha'ri
Jjr i^r. (see under (>/• v.t. it)

I ffkau'n n m. shady pen (for animals)

i. fgkoor'na v.t. scOwl , glower stare (at)
gaac intently (on) ogle , cast
amorous glances (fMf,j?gioo'ra gka'ri ogling

gkaor gkoor kar dtkk'na v.t. stare
at scowl ogle

i N M - horse trigger ; cock

'JJr (at chess) knight V&tfjfgfa-ra barha'na
v.t. urge a hors* {,"(*£ lij* ghn'ra ^arhajia v.t.
cock a gun gko'r? ebkor'na v.t. un-
harness a horse . gallop a horse get a mare

covered Cj>j Ijjigka'ra daba'na v.t. pul* trigger
I'tjjj fjj+gko'ra dauri'ns v.t. gallop a *.orse \J$
Otf&o'ra dal'na (or ptutk’aa) v.t. race
a horse at full speed set one’s horse on O&ljjf
d»‘ra nikal'na v.t. take out symbol of Imam
Husain’s horse during Muharram Vy'f&’rd-jft
gfc>'r» fcp| km MM va. sleep too soundly^
l ’trf/'lgko'Ufm a’sonjoma'na v.t. sit finely on
hone WlyrQM-fa^jftfu'rtjo'r'kV khn.i’
imr, may be continue to enjoy the happy marital
life and his high tutus (ffjJgWrt n.f. mare

crude machine for making macaroni lace-
rnakeT s stand wooden strip used as clip in
circumcision (usu. pl.) song sung at
gin’ti tap' pa n.m. leap frog tlptfcf
ejarka na v.t. get boy circumcised make

a bridegroom, ^

, f^gkeoi jjjigfiot.its n.f. bribe

fa

gko i» N.M.

gho ran n.f.

milkman

milkmaid

cowherd (f.
cowherd’s

... /giel'»4 v.t. dissolve put in

V)r ras ghoi'na v.t. pour dulcet tune’s (into
cars) l jcJjfgkol pt'tia v.t. (fig.) care a hang
for have no shame J^jj/gkol’mel n.m.

intimacy

ijyf gkol'oa H.n. opium solution

Ds opiate f - pfec.J

ghc'la n.m. perplexity difficulty

y^& uom ni V I -

turn round route

_ revolve whirl uke a stroll feel
giddy &<»**' ta gkam'ta (or pkir'ta)

adv. walking around just by the way <jjT
^■(jsfghaom' gkoom kt adv after a walk'
after all

n m. draught pull (at) hookah

V.T

etc.)

etc.) (£>lj& tt £fjj>gkoolit pt'na (or tt'na)
take a draught have a pull (at hookah

»a v.t. pierce with (knife, etc.)

jj/gkoott'sq n.m. blow with the fist

( 15 1 1 b$ Ldjjfgktwk'sa

(or rasid" kar’naor 1 nar'nd) v.r. give

(or **°*’* a ) V T press , grind
krjr iSjfV go'la ghooitna v.T throttle .
strangle ; strangulate btjdrjdam' gkcokt'na v. i
make it hard to breathe

fist shock

, - .. _ Inga' n a

(or rasid' kar'tia or mar'ni i) v. r. give a blow
^>j* l S~'j*gkooh'sam gkdk'sah n.m. fisticuff*
iS'jk gkoofise-ba'ei s.r fisticuffs (rare)
boxing

'ghats' la n.m. nest iVnJj^ghoks la
v.t. make a nest
, j&fgkah'ga n.m. conch-shell
i'

py£r°* N M ‘ vf ‘* corner of mantle
drawn over face screening wall against
door skin protruding over penis (of .rmyi
retreat (0j» i iOljuifrdfjfgkoah'gai mha'r.a
(or u/ja'na or khol'na) v.t. unveil draw aw ay
the mantle from the facet tfhS%»gkm'gat Uii'na
v.i. (of army) rmcn ( fr>fijij&j/'gkxh‘gai

538

kar'ni (or tar A’ na) v.t. draw mantle over the face
(J Shook' gat va'li n.f. veiled woman

Jgki N.M. clarified butter ; butter-oil ; ghee
V t* gfr' dtu'parno v.t. rub with butter-oil
CU'^-jiJr'Jghl' saliva’ re sal'na ban
ba'hoo ka nUm' PROV. get,, credit for nothing or
for

friendship
close frie

jala'na v.t. rejoice 4^ £, i ke (hit ugh'

jal'na V.T. prosper evince happiness
J'' ga'he adv. & conj. occasionally ; at times

j T gkiy'ya n.h. pumpkin ; gourd

|« i ^'gkep'na v.t. (dial.) mix well make

V^M^into a paste

adj. heelless -upturned (slipper) for

ladies

I* jf^ r na V T - encircle ; surround en-
close hem in hedge blockade

invest , by scige to press paster gker
n.m. width fulness (of dress) circuit ; boun-
dary jbyg gher-d&r adj. ample ; loose
(j\) gker' gkar ke (or kar) ^adv. surrounding

with great difficulty i^gju'ra n.m. circum-
ference boundary cjrcle blockade

siege cordon 0 l*^fghe'ra dal'na v t.
blockade lay siege (to) throw a cordon
round gkm”o n.m. industrial blockade ;
gherao ij^J'ghera'o kar’na v.t. blockade.

ghC y> "

j bi'-ka’vqt, jlJLAghi'-ga'car n.m. name of
J a medicinal plant with pulpy leaves
1 T.of v.t. H) IjJiS gay a guz’ra

ir ad J-(f. $fffga’'i guz’rl) (Dative & PL.*-yJUl
ga"t gug’re) worthless (person) cowardly
(of times, etc.) dead and gone
ga'i guz’ri ba’Jek j&’ne do ph. let bygones , be
bygones (jrtltel^&lfga'ya oaq’t pfor hath' a'ta /
nctnti prov. time past is gone for ever if Is t/
gd'jd hat sakfi' ni'kal ab lakir' p%\ a kar
ph. what- ever has been done cannot be undone
ifgya'rah adj. & n.m. eleven J^jUgyar-
^5 hovait adj. eleventh (jy^Jgya'rhant N.r
eleventh of a month olfering on this day
for Sunnite saint Abdul Qadir Jilani
,fgajan (ped. gyntn) n.m. ((dial.) know-
C'jr ,f dge wisdom dhayart

N.r. (dial.) meditation Vsftfugayari he'ni v.t
(dial.) acquire spiritual knowledge jtifgaya'm
n.m. (dial.) rage (•)

) [J' MJW*' n.f. grays (1*1

N.M.

song lyric

song of Krishna : a Hindu
(dial.) song |S cognate of

rf'gi'ta n . f .

*»• scripture
PREC^j _

-J gi'ti n.f. world ul (fZgi'ii^a'ra adj. world
(£~ adorning jj/ljf gi’ti-afroz' adj. world-
illuminating }J )£* gi’ti-navar'd n.m. globe-trot-
ter [PJ

b fgn n.m. gat c yJ^/get' -toper n.m. gate-
U < keeper [E] *“ '

> / gt'dars.M. )f. tfJ’jfgtd'ri) jac-
-"T? kal (fifJjSgi'dar bhab'ki n.f.

(usu. pl.^ ^ bullying bluff
\>t(jy*?j*fgii’dar bkab'- kiyah de'na
v.t. bully

person

m rgi'di n.m. dolt shameless
adj. stupid shameless
jgir suf. holding conquering (^Xgt'rt

S* si r. holding conquest ^f } jtjdar'o gii' ,

jlj gt'r-o dar n.f. roundup (of culprits
etc.) fighting and killing (rare) melle iy
yf j jh hakgu'ma-e da'r-o gtr' n.m. fighting
and killing (rare) melee ^l^gtra"* n.f.

hold strength gaihra’'i-o-gira”i

n.f. depth and hold [PJ

f gt'roo n.m. red ochre ge’ro’a adj. red-
V^* dish ; like red ochre
slrf'ge'ri n.f. one of several small pieces of
Q/H wood with which children plaw'geriyan’
f'gt'soo n.m. lock ; tress ge’soo bun’-

y*Z dah n.f. one with bobfied hair (arch.)
shameless woman [PJ
' N.F. gas [E]

f i fgais n.m. guess gais' pe'pat n.m. guess
l/**.P a P rT ( E 1

.gfg‘g' 1 * AD J- ( F - g‘g'b I simple-minded
siliv , stupid (tfi&geg’la-pan N.M.
simple mindedness stupidity

gail' adv. (dial. ) along with

,iVgs'/4ADJ. (F. jfgi’U) wet moist
damp gi'la pan n.m. moisture
dampness kat'na v.t. damD

moisten g»Va ho'm v.t. be moist^tf^gl'ft
lak'ri iN.p (fig.) person of impressionable age
rfjfgul'* n.f. gallery [E]

^Jjfgm'la* n.m. gallon (E)

539

bjfgai’lar n.m. child by the former husband of
. • / ** one's wife _ j-

jfr gift suf. haying fill cfZ.Sf nl Sl/F .

U~ having fulness [P]

■ .fgai'na AD). (F. Jz gai'ril) (of cow, etc.)
*v- short and thick fusu. through non-brecd-

: % T V

-JJIgtfi’tl n.f. pickaxe

.•f g tftj'na N.t. crumple : mash with one’s
hands ~

geftd n.f. ball Ikj^geftd' bal'la
n.m. ball and bat

(rare) cricket bjj&S'gthd' rit'nn v . t . V*’ 'y

howl mi* *'

^ . J'gtfi'da n.m. marigold

fej? • Salt'd a n.m. rhinoceros

ifgai'hsfi n.m. world uni- U/
verse [P doublet of Ohr,] j ?

fge'hooh n.m, wheat

C )y\» gt'hoofi ke Satb gbun bhi pis' ja'ta hat
pfeov the innocent suffering along with the
wicked (jj^gc'ho'aft adj. wheaten .

adv. definitely ; undoubtedly conj. doubtless
i-'lgl) lo-javab' adj. silenced (by apt rcply)*-'^
/ ta-javab' kar de’itii v.t. silence
la-javab ■ ho ja'na v.t. silence

ji la-cjiar' (usual but less correct variant of
j\rC na-char) adj. helpless destitute
adv. * of necessity ; perforce inevitably
la-tbar' kar'na v.t. render helpless
reduce to straits force (to) If la-char'
ho'na v.i, become helpless be disabled

forced (to); constrained (to) Jjlffl nf. pl. Id-
h&T'g i, Jjb I) la-cha'ri n >. helplessness
inability "poverty la-hia'sil adj. use-
less ; bootless fruitless unprofitable

unavailing unproductive hot carried for-

ward ; leaving no balance (J^f(^'sa' , y-t la
Aa'sil n.m. vain attempt abortive attempt
la-ha' sUi n.f. ZjifjJfV la-haula va la
qia'vah, OfU la haul', jiu H<ZJlfjJy r lft& hau'la
va la qitv'vata iila-biltah' ph. there is no sway or
strength save that of God int. God forbid
to hell with i t ( fl) la-haul' bktj'na
(or parh-na) v.t. curse imprecate spurn
iSfali la-da'’sa n.m. relinquishment of claim
CoP la-da‘‘va likh’na v,j. relinquish one's claim
I jj If la-dava’ adj. incurable irremediable

tf-jff la-di’ni adj. secular &*£il)la diniy'yat n.f.

irreligiousness secularism lz-raib' adv.

(lit.) doubtless ; undoubtedly Jijj if la-gavnl' adj
everlasting; eternal la-stl'ki n.f. & adj.
wireless la-sho'oor' n.m. the subconscious
la-sho'oo'rl adj . subconscious J’ii’tf la-

J lam thirtieth letter of Urdu alphabet
(equivalent to English l) (in jummai
reckoning) 30

Yjj laa'll n.m. (pl. of JJ if )

i .i la pref. not un urr -;in- less
” It-ubalt adj. careless reckless devil-
may-care (attitude) n.m. dare devil' care-
less person ^jLllfla-Uba'fcfm n.m, care-
lessness recklessness devil may-care atti-
tude JtjJ U'-iUh wt. there fs no God Jftyiyti)
la' ita'ha il'ltUah' , pm. there is no God save
Allah jnJSjSZiltfjllVla' ila'ha il'ldla’ho
moham'mad Ur raioo'tullah ph. there is no God
save Allah and Muhammad is His messenger >if
Id bud adv. inevitably indispensably tfj, jf
la bu’di adj. necessary essential inevit-
able indispensable jljJtffla-ta'dad’ adj. count-

ta"il adj. useless ; bootless unprofitable
vain (attempt) Jf la-‘ilaj' adj. incurable
irremediable r^~t) tsril'm adj ignorant

unaware la-U'mi n.f. ignorance

unawareness D la-Ul'mi za'hir kar'na

v.t. pretend or pleau ignorance f'jff J) la-kalam'
adv. (lit.) doubtless ; undoubtedly posi-
tively ji/if.la-ma/ia'lak adv. surely; certainly
assuredly ; definitely if la-maz'hab adj.

irreligious secular la-mai'habi adj.

irrel igious secular ff la-

maz'hahiy'yat n.f. irrcligiousness secularism
Cl&tf la-makan' adj. homeless omnipresent
n.m. nowhere utopia Throne of God
C*jbl) la-va'ris n.m. waif adj. . stray un-
claimed (goods or property) (ped.) hairless
la-va'risl adj. unclaimed (property) n.f.
being unclaimed Jj If la va’lad adj. is issurlcss ;

less ; innumerable las a'ni adj. unparallel- childless (fjj If la vn'lodi n.f. (ped.

ed ; matchless ; incomparable /*yrp la-ja'ram la-valadiy'yat) being isstieless JtJ/lf la-yazaT adj

'0

540

eternal la-yo l 'nt adj. absurd obscene

.irrelevant cSy^j* la-yamoot' adj. immortal
la-yanhal adj. insoluble abstruse
'iiq'da-r la-yanhal n.m. insoluble diffi-
rulty la-yon fak adj. inseparable ; in-

divisible C&0jy?jZz'w la-yan'/ak n.m. insepar-
able part [A]*

la n.m. stratum ; layer / J) la'-bar-la' adv.
layer upon layer [P]

,»i labk n.m. (dial.) gain ; profit Cdhatl}
• " JaH, tiika'ns v.t. (dial.) gain
' „ ,< tat n.f. leg kick lat' mar'na

V ;.T. kick ; spurn

r - it to' n.f. name of an ancient Arab goddess
fay y tZs I ) lat-u-'uz’tn names of two
goddesses of pagan; Arabs, ‘Laat’ and ‘Uzza’

lat n.f. lord governor chief
lat' pad'ri n.f. bishop [E~lord

lat n.m. lot (E)
lit, jfii /a tA- N.F. pillar
lat'n n. f. lottery [E)
la'tki n.f.

tower

CORK.)

la'tki n.f. stick club ; cudgel
*■' tr/f^7 kar'na v.t. fight

with clubs tek'.ke chahia v.t.

walk with the aTd of a stick la thi

cfiali'na v.t. cudgel Uglify

id tip' Ihl mar ja”e la'tki blttna too’ ft prov. kill two
birds with one stone

f i| H.F. modesty bashfulness good
w" name sense of honou
«'«a (or lag'na) v.t. be abashed be provoked
by the sense of (family, etc.) honour u-0 £jf
lay rakh'na v.t. protect the honour (of)
live up to the traditions (of) jj h.j si

mar'na, l 'yOZH> la'joii mar'na v.t. fed greatly
ashamed (CijfljL’y&l) laj khona (or gaim'im)
v.i. lose all sense of shame

laj'vard n.m. armenian stone . lapis-
lazuli azure IS^T.U faj' vault ADJ.
sky-blue , azure (P)

laj'vohti n.f. (dial.) sensime plant adj.
{f£V (dial.) baslifu) (woman)

la' big ADJ. (usu. of illness) alibiing
U* affecting Vjf^JTll/ko la’kiq buna v.t.
suffer from ; be ailing from catch (;jj> illness)
2ry ta'hiqah N.M. suffix [A)

.. . lad'na v.t load heap (upjni)
burden (with) Ufjt) tad fkal'nu v.i

>jZI)

pack up (fig.) die lS>D Wdt n.f. washerman’s
load of clothes Ijtl la'diya n.m. one who loads
fl) lad n.m. fondling caress affection

. jt} tad' payar N.m. fondling caress

is jt) lad' kar'na v.t. fondle j/^jf I ad' I a adj.
& n.m dear darling pet spoilt child
<IjU lad'k adj. & n.f. dear pet darling
spoilt child jjD tad'do n.f. darling ;
favourite (child or wife) spoilt child
. j . ,i la'ra ti'ri n.f. prevarication Ulf

l$/£ V' " la’ra H'ri laga’na v.t. prevaricate -
jjjjf fsr’ta n.m. larva [E]

la’ri n.f. bus ; omnibus [ ~E lorry]
la'zim adj.

t $J»

. • <i la'zim adj. necessary incumbent
( essential indispensable obligatory
intransitive (verb) I'Tfji} lazim a'na v.i.
become necessary be incumbent (on) follow
out of necessity tilsf'jlf I* z»» jSn na v.t. re-
gard as essential consider to be obligatory
t> lazim kar’na v.t. make (something) in-
cumbent or obligatory (on la'tim(-e-)
mat zoom' adj. inseparable closely related
to each other y)l/ lagimak n.m. Something
going along with (another) JjJ) la'zim adj.
(col.) necessary inevitable [A]

. ,, laid, lasah n.m. bird-lime l( i>Up

^ 0 la'sa loga'na v.T. catch with bird-lime
catch kick up a row re par.

laga'na v.r. bring (someonej round

i/ lash n.f. (lit. also ylf la' shah n.m.) dead
XJT0 body corpse U^iT^t/ki lash nikal'na v.i
be carried away for burial jar an' la shah

n.m. j'tfiitstma&maiha't* I&J! n.f. dead body
of a vouthful'person £PJ .

(rare ) laii'ni n F. & adj. Latin

* j ia'ghar adj. thin; lean, slander (fyi)
fv la'gfian n.f. thinless ; leanness ; slender-
ness [P]

# Inf n.f. boast ; brag ; bluster fjfioil
\Jl) laJ'-ZM adj. braggart ; boastful person
'AjiJjV laf'-lam n.f boasting, ' bragging;
blustering t? f-zam kar'na, I'jl. CJ If laj

mar'na v.t. ^ boast : >.ag ; bluster draw the
long bou CiiJ'y OP la'f-o-gizaj' N.F. boast ; brag;
bluster [P]

) lakh, N.M. & ADJ lakh; lac , hundred

jpP i thousand adv. howevermuch
lakh’ hts’rt adv. surely ; definitely^jijft;//)
UjftfjkfzL lakh (or lakkohpar Ha'rf ho'na ph.

be very strong be very brave 'akhji it

adv. with all one's heart
lakh! ka ghar khak' kaj de'na ph. reduce (some-
one) to abject poverty ; ruin a family play
drucks and drakes with one s money
la'khofi adj. lakhs many lakh

(or la'khofi) nek n.m. one in lakh(s) " publicly
lakh! -pa! d fejff laih-pa’tl n.m. & adj.
millionaire ^

lakh n.f. lac ; sealing-wax fJU lot khz
n.m. paint for lips lac, etc. used as
lipstick Ciztfjl la'kka jama'na V.T. paint the
lips red (with lipstick or betel-leaf) lakki

n.f. red colour prepared from lac ADJ. made

of lac of the colour of lac
Jit lag n.f. rancour grudge enmity

connection ; relation love

lag' dant n.f. enmity rancour \^j lag'

rahk'na v.T. harbouj- ill-will (against); have a
grudge (against) \fi Jp lag' lag'na v.T. fall for
Ji/ ^ — bt-lag' adj. & n.f. impartial (com-
ment)'

../it la'gat n.f. cost expenses , ex-
V penditure outlay la'gat a' tin

' CO:>l C$cz?V la'gat lagans v.t. spend money
,.on) ; lay out money ( ~ J

f'li & 00 N M ‘ enemy friend adj.

' " inimeal friendly , attached I’jf fp
la goo ho' ns v.t. be intent (on) love ; like
tjf /fi tplftf ktjan ka I a' goo ho'na v i. resolved
killing or pestering (someone)
lit /a/ adj red tj$\ (Jjt lot akga'rah adj.
w red hot flushed with rage ir&f(Jp lid-
hhojak' kai n.m wiseacre I&I bkaboo'ka

adj. blushed (with rage) ^ jy lal' -beg n.m.
name of a saint of sweepers* £.Jjj lal'-be'gl,
lal'-br'gij* n.m. sweeper <Jp lal'-
M'n n.f fairy dressed in red (fig.) wine
(Jti lal -pal ka n.m. whitc-tailyd red pigeon
lal'-pi'ld hp'na ph. Olfa/ugJU Ul’-Jnli
imkheh nikal'na ph. fly into a passion tjpf
I al' -kh aft ka lak'ra n.m. a kind of pillory Ij/jJp
lid ' dura n.m, redtupe (usu. PL) red streak
(in the eye) JfjyJp Ini’ sauda'gar n.m. petty
merchant quickly selling out wares at low profits
‘gflf (Jlf W kitab' n.f. (joc.) supposed
memoirs of the wiseacre Lai Bujhakkar (joc.)
repository of answer to every question (joc.)
' any red book j/jl) ltd' kUr'li n.f. British
infantry (owing to its red jackets) cantonment
W our' eh n.f chilly VjtJlf W ho'na

v.t. redden flv into a passion lal*
n.f redness

j.. lal n.m. mb,. son favourite child
laloh ka lal pk. very dear child
lal'ri n.f. small ruby small favourite child
.1 Ictla adj. lustrous , refulgent pp
U " In' lU"e lala n.m. tustrous
pearl [Aj

jjif la' la n.m. slave (P) /])?

lal' tain n.f. lantern (~E

cork.}

J , la lacji n.m greed avarice

&*' covetousness avidity temptation

£/ £}) la'lack de'na v.t. tempt Vjffrpla’lach
kar'tia v.t. covet l'T(£ la'lacjt meit a'lui
v.t. be moved by covetousness /p k-J' chi adj.

greedy ; avaricious covetous
l ... la'lah n.m. tulip , poppy flower Oj JU
/Jot la'lah-rbkh, jjjp la'la roo, jljojp la'lo-
l azar adj. tulip-checked n.m. (fig.) beloved
sweetheart jljjjl la'la zar' n.m. bed of tulip [P]
F.-i la'lah n.m. Hindu gentleman adj. (H.
/J* dial.) Mr. f/jP lala'Un n.f. Hindu lad.
adj. (H. dial.) Mrs.

la'a'li n.m. pearls [A - sing jlJ ]

(jjj la'll n.f. (see under 'jif adj. *)

..JK . la'le par'na v.t. be hopeless (of) If

jan' ke la'le par'na v.t. (of one's
life) bejeopardized

* . lam n.m. name of letter (J lam

[V (fig.) ringlet lam' kaf n.f. abusive

hnguage(L'y/^ljOu^ir / f1j lam' kaf bak'na (or par
u'larria) v.t. abuse revile

lam n.m. army, armed force tyflfP lam
Ibafidh'na V.t. mobilize line up crowd
gather togeth lam -baft di n.f. mobiliza-
tion ; recruitment
^ la'mi n.m. Lama (Tibetaoj

ij ta'misak n.f. sense of touch ; sense of
*** feeling tactile sense [A - Si * .

^ 0 la' me' adj. bright ; shining (A~ J

Ian n.m. lawn [E]

fit la'na v.t bring produce introduce

* ' persuade , win o\er buy , jmrchrtsc

l^jj lak’ba adj. (dial ) (same as l J a=j. -%)

tfji-e

M2

& adv. (at) the roors comer tyA v* lab bafid
'ns v.t. be silent J* — ^ ^ lab-bas' tah adj. with
lips sealed ; quiet lab-e days' n.m. & adv.

(on or along) the rever bank or sea-shbre jjj
lab-ioz! adj. sealing the lips very sweet
J-yi lab-rez' adj. brimful ^overflowing
lab-soz' adj. piping hot lab-e M’rih n!m.

honeyed lips Ojf*^ lab' kkol’na v. speak open
the mouth jT<-^ la’b-e got' adj . with one foot
in -the grave 1'Jj/ lab' hits’ ns v.i. speak ; open

the mouth yi j lab-o-laihjah n.m. pro-

nunciation * ‘intonation tone of voice
&?CJ labofi P a ( or P*) j an' ho' ns v.t. be

dying [P]

fj lab h.m. saliva t aJ 4 — V lab lags' ns v.t,
apply saliva [ ~ P»ec.]

r t J lab n.f. moustache la' ben bark'ns

• v.i. (of moustache) grow labeti

le'nS v.T. clip the moustache [ ~ ]

jU labs’ dah n.m. warm cloak [P]

labs'rX, bjU labs'riya n.m. babbler'
liar

libss' n.m. (pl. al'bisah) clothes :
dress ; apparet [A]
lib'ral adj. liberal (E)

lahd'n n.f. laundry [E]

Izhk n.f. a cereal cut in the straw

c6 Isfig'na, lsfi0l!nSy V.T. take (some-
thing) in a stride yZ&V lah'gs\ait n.f.
bee-line* line of two-way traffic dg
lah'gan , lafi'gian n.f. stride

Isfi’gkan met s'vs v.i. be in the course of some-
one’s stride

Is' vs n.m. lava [E]

Is' van n.m. (dial.) stewed vegetable, etc.
li'han N .m. brewed stuff

- jji Ishoot' n.m. world lying beyond space
■7 ” and time mystic stage in which
human existence passes into God’s [A]

.fjJJtt laibre'ri n.f, library tj/y'l) ls"ibrt'-
riyan n.m. librarean [E] **

& . la'ihah n.m. (rare) guide line pro-
s? V gramme ^j} la'eha-t ‘a’mal n.m.
programme jmodus operandi’ rules of
procedure [A~ £,& illumined]

JAi Is'isafis ti.M. licence jL^ J dJa"isahsd
V " 1} la’isalisysf'tah adj. licen-

ced [E]

mf . la 'iq adj. able ; capable competent
U* qualified worthy suitable
ke ls”iq adv worth ls"iq ka'ns v.i. be

able ; be capable be competent ^

< . la'im n.m. reproachful person (*!}%)£) fb.
r v bi-ls' khau'f-e lau'mat-e la'’im Anv. without
fearing anyone’s reproach [A ~ ^

jiit la'in' n.f. line rail track OP;
la"in-balsk' n.m. line-block [E]
ls"o N.M. thick rope

jj Is" id sefl'kat n.m. loud speaker [E]

{ ttj sq l»"o lath'kar n.m. army with camp
follower

"l / W Is" otH n.f. minstrel’s song ; song telling
v' a story

j lab. n.m. (PL. t^ytatbab) wisdom
^7 («.. liboob') essence ^j/ J lib'b-t

luiab’ n.m crux of the question quintes-
sence [A]

* J Ub n.m. lip edge brime bank ;

shore ; coast brow (of hill) i-VU la’bs-
lab aov. (fall) to the brim ^ lab* bsm' n.m.

A>

l/V

yyi
tv

d •
i Y *

i liboob’ n -m* » kind of sweet medicinal
‘T'X preparation n.m. pl. essences (A -oho,

Vfai]

I laboon' (F. or PL. labot'nah milk-

yielding *y{ CeCljUbaivSns'l-t taboo’ nab{ ped.
haj/a-) n.m. pl. mammals [A - iA)

la'bar so! bar n.m. silly talk ; nonsense
lab' labs adj. (r. lab'labt ) sticky

lab'labi n.f. sere ; sear
la'ban n.m. (rare) milk [A]
lab'n i n.f. small earthen pot

• j am

IIS. w.

tibbs' ns v.t. allure charm fascinate

lubbs"o n.m. allurement; attrac-

tion

^ laHb ' adj. wise [ A ~ lib)

j labors n.m., (Sjgi Isbt’n n.f. rag CfifjA
f/jfi labe'riysk lags’ ns v.r. go about is ragt

543

jfj laPbaik’ l kt. (pilgrims’ declaration dur-
‘""i?* tng the Haj) at Thy beck and call n.f.
being at. someone's service

I lap n.m. a handful ; as much as both
v palms joined together will hold /i
lap' bkar adj. handful
0 lap’ pa n.h. brocade lace slap
••

I** U ^ pa' la adj. plastered with mud jU
lipa"i n.f. plastering remuneration

for it

\i i l°Pa'fl. uV lapatija N.M.

Jrf liar “*

babUer

j(i la'fa Up’ adv.
•? continuously

jiy

full

Sweet

quickly

lap' pa Hgg I n.f. fight with blows

m S £4

£ i la' pat N.F. (PL. lap tn

smell flame
li' patna v.t. embrace cling (to)

stick (to) coil (round) fight ; wrestle
pester((£’lj CfydJ li'pat par'na (or ja'na) v.r.
embrace wrestle lipta'na v.t.
embrace enwrap , enfold liptafn n.f.
embrace

lap' jiapyH.t. agility

•t • • f

lap tkakh’n i n.f. babbler flatterer

>J lap' par n.« slap
■*K

KSpA l a' par ska' par n.f. chatter con-

fused talk mess prevarication
| la‘pa f . la' par kar’na v.t. babble [ono.(

ism “ , ’ n poultice (derog.) turban

Lf ^ /a’pa* N.r. (see under v.t. yfc)

V

Zap's* adj. (of boiled rice) softened over-
^ * much

lap'ka n.m. bad habit excessive
*t fondness for some dish etc. , vitiated taste
lap'ka par'na v.t. be addicted (to)

I kfj la'Pokna v.t. & r. move quickly rush
Wj forth ; dart forth (of dog) snap at
leap (on) throb (of lightning) flash across
c-y la'pok N.r. flash leap, bound;
bounce swiftness : nimblenesi la'pok

jka'pak n.f. swiftness ; nimbtenea adv. with
leapt and bounds ; swiftly ; nimbly la'pok
kar adv. quickly hurriedly ‘

& lap'kl n.f. tacks < l'j U7 lap'kt bhar’na
(or mar'na) v.t. baste

l*J Up'na v.r. be smeared (with mud) be
V plastered Ci/i Upva'na v.t. get smeared
with mud get plastered [ ~ ]

i.^j lapn'na v.t. fold roll wrap en-
velope bind ; pack involve ; en-

tangle ; implicate Jz^flapet' n.f. revolution ;
rotation entanglement deception ; fraud

JU^L^Iapn' jhaptt' n.f. entanglement

deception flapet ' U’na v.t. roll fold

wrap envolve ; entangle VHJ*d*?£lapa met
4 '»a v. t. be involved be entangled .be
weaver roll for rolling cloth on (A - caus-3
lat N.r. bad habit CiZtZS lat' par'na v.t.
have a bad habit 0 1 lal'ya n.m. one having
a bad habit

•Jr.*j latar'na v.t. rail at reproach

take to task trample massage (some-
one) with one’s feet > 0 lata r n.f. rebuke
reproach trampling [ ~ Off J

1 lat' pat adj. besmeared with mud •
bedrabbled

i lut'ra "n.m. lut'ri n.f. tell-tale
S' back-biter mischief-monger babbler

lit'ra-pan n.m. backbiting mis-
chief making babbling nSyifJ li' tar ku' tar
kar'na v.t.' babble

lil'tah n.m. rag cloth (usu. as) ZJIjf
kap'ra lat’tah n.m. clothes ItP eL~ lat' it Wtia
v.t. take to task revite ; rail at
fpCJ li'tkarna v.t. be bedraggled be
'*y* > besmeared (with mud, etc.) be bed-

rabbled lather’ na v.i. bedraggle

besmear (with mud, etc.)

li’thogaraji N.r. lithorgraphy (E)

lal’ya adj. (see under n.f.)

M

^ a ni V * T * k * ck l r 3

«•

l 1 lat n,.f. lock ; curl matted hair
^ I'J-r dJ lat' daba'na v.t. capture ; seise
fjpl lotoo'ra n.m. tangled lock \. jjl lafoo'rija
n.m. man with long locks

l* 1*1 ^ a * a P’ * 0 A °h ^ v.t. j&

lifa"eo adj. J- 4 ' 16 }' fas n.r. (see under

f*fJ hja'na, Ur U f«ja' <f«'na V.T. lay (some-
*** one or something) down [ ~ caus.J
> . > j lat' pat adj. topsy-turvy nji. daddy
drunkard

544

latpata'na v.i. have a temptation
S £ be tempted (to)

A Q tota"* *.r. roller for kite string

Utre'ciar h.m. literature live'# adj..
/iSr literary [EJ t

^j5s »•*. (see under & v.i.)

>«A la'takna v.i. hang swing dangle

1*4^ be pending ; hang fire la'tak n.f.
coquetry coquetish or affected gait fall
(of clothes jewellery, etc.) adj. coquetish (gait)
la'tak kar chal'na v.i. coqiietishly &
latka n.m. trick charm incantation
magic way out simple remedy ; quack’s
remedy (,*&£> latka nd v.T. hang keep
pending latka" o n.m. fall (of clothes, etc.)

d* lat kan h.m. nose-ring eardrop I

pendant (rare) pendulum anything hand-
ing down

lut'na v.i. be robbed : be plundered
^ be robbed ol' be squandered be
ruined , be undone (£ 0 la'ta pi'ta adj.
robbc<l and beaten Undone ft *>■ luta'iia, [‘ip
lutaana v.t. spend lavishly squander ;
waste jU luta"oo n. m. prodigal ; spendthrift
IIpiJL’- 1 fiit' jd'na v.i. be robbed be plunder-

ed be undone jp ! at' tas n.f. plunder
emliezzlement ; misappropriation I'bf tut tas
mncha'na v.t. plunder; rob # (/ u lit' tas Vtach'na I
v.i. .be robbed ; be plundered be mis*
appropriated

>/ lat'tco h.m . , (op plummet
2r adj, enamoured (only in)
l’U S, p J- par iat'po ho Ja na v.i. 'jj ✓’

fall in love with ; be enamoured (of) \

CP lutvdna v.t. (sec under Id v.i. ★) j

Ifj lath H.M. stick , club cudgel jlP
9 latk.-bvz N.M. & adj. (one) fighting (Jjlp*
latk'-ba’a n.f. cudgelling lath.' -mar' h.m. &

adj. speak tactlessly 1‘jlP lath! mar'na v.t.
club (also ( lath.' sa mar de'na) speak
tactletsly Jp fjljf gutmar' ka faffc h.m. (fig.)
dangerous fool & /tft'jfcj N.M. beam (rare)
railway sleeper (glr /* f than laffha h.m. &
adv. fight with socks y# lath'ya n.f. short
stick { cudgel kS^/ajfcoti^N.M. one skilled in
cudgelling or clubbing Jfir la^ht'H n.f. fight
with sticks this as an art with a cudge)

Pt lat’fka n.m, longcloth (see under

PMC. *)

lUt'ya n.m. child’s spouted metallic

•• feeder spoutless metallic vessel CdS li*

lut'ys dibo'na v.t. ruin (oneself, etc.)

wreck (one’s, etc.) plans cut a sorry figure

tji\P lut'ya doob'na v.i. be ruined he

wrecked come to nought ( - (V dim.)
i f[) lute' r a n.m. robber ; plunderer
gangster highwayman footpad

swindler one selling his wares at much higher
than market rates ; trader who overcharges

l~ tfj ) ;

Itya'jat H.t. entreaty importunity
adulation '* •• •

lujdjat kar' nd v.t.

entreat

• *jl la jd'na v.t. be modest be bashful

\ t- w . .

jj^r lij'lija adj. (f. lij’ltji) clammy

J lojjah n.m. (.pi.. ^ th'jaj) midstream

vast expanse of water [A]
i J lit if ch a n.m. rake; libertine vaga-

SST bond hooligan wicked person adj.

profligate w irked £ luck' chi n.f.

harlot ; prostitute wanton woman adj. loose
(woman) ^ \J l itch’ ch a- pan, luch'-pan n.m.

wantoness ; profligacy ’ wickedness
hooliganism

^ la' (bar adj. foolish ; silly

j[J la&ak N.F. elasticity flexibility
t resilience buoyancy adaptability

lach'ka n.m. light brocade lacc twist

la'chak ana v.t. bend la'ehak-ddr

adj. elastic flexible ' resilient buoyant

adaptable ^.ijC^Placliki'la adj. elastic
flexible resilient buoyant C$. la'^takn a
v.i. bend be elastic C&L lucjtka'na vt..
bend . strain move

i J lach’cjiba N.m. skein long thin pieces
*** of onion, etc.) spiralling anklet set

of glass banlges la(k' (kke-dar ADJ. long

and involved (talk, etc.)

j! la&Vml, lakih'mi n.f (dial.)

Hindu goddess of wealth wealth
prosperity daughter daughter-in-law

1/nbk' mi ghat' met dna v.i. live

in prosperity he blessed with a fortunate
daughter-in-law

> lath (khan n.m. pl, signs (of depravity)
O' * h(h'(bhan pa' karr.it (or

likh'na) v.i. ~ learn (depraved) manners
degenerate (into)

be bashful

wickedness

be blessed with a fortunate

546

Ut%“t *a na‘'rah n.m. war cry war slogan
trjii/1* ra"i kar'ns v.r. quarrel wangle

fight give battle (to) I’V J'V/ara'’* lar'ns
v.t. fight it out (with) wage a war’ll ^j( 5 /
UtTA 'i le'na.ir.l. provoke quarrel invite war
'mol' le'tia v.i. pick up a quar-
rel ; involve oneself in trouble!^ / a ra'’i ho'na
v.i. have a quarrel be at war (of war)
be waged

/jb>/ ler bar s’ ns v.i. stutter speak falter-
-Jy »ngly .(ovo.) h

£l*}lu r ka'n& v.t. '( same as IteJv.T. yy)

j/fc/ Utr'kA n.m. boy lad son ; child adj.

inexperienced : green gllfyiar'ks bala n.m.
a mere child y \/tylar'ke bale n.m. pl.
children boys (one's family )^ljJ^lar 'ke-
vs 'It n.m. pl. bridegroom's people larak'pan
n.m. boyhood childishness \jJ*Jlarko'rs
N.M., (fj/itlarkon n.f. one blessed with a son
tjA) l ar .'kofi kskhel’ n . m . child’s play
heartless pursuit (f$)lar'k\ n . f . girl; lass
daughter^. lufolar'ln va'le n.m. pl bride's
people

.'.ytjfl larkhars'ns v.r. stagger reel jbj
ij/tyzaban larkharana v.i. falter in

speech

gylar'ki n.f. (see under n.m. -fc)

•uilar'ns v.t. fight give battle (to) go
vJ to war wrapgle clash (with) contend
(with) struggle against wrestle (with)
lax' par' ns v.i. fall out with 1 ‘y^lar mar' ns y.i.

fight to death fight it out between them-
selves ll^dVlar'nS bkir'ra, Ctj&l'lJJar'na jka'gctrns
v.i. fight wrangle quarrel

lar'nt mai'nt fir utar' s' ns v.i. decide to "fight it
out Isr'ne mar'ne va'ls n.m. desperate
fighter i&yiaraht’ n.f. fighting wrestling
l?J f lotah' tiy» wrestling fighting n.m.

wrestler

li'rhakns v.i. roll down slip slkle
{all down turn turtle die/^J/
lUrk’kt sal n.f. somersault lli^^/SriribuS
kka'nn v.i. turn a somersault Cfri/ lurfksna v.t.
cause to roll down ,
nj. string

££jtattojut n.f. glutinosity ; viscosity (A]

r . , ttetoffi' n.m. necessity ; compulsion
** adherence traaihldcscss

Jibs n.m. being sticky ; viscosityjht/lof'-rfar
v adj . sticky ; viscous Colas' lass adj. (f
las'lasi) viscoifs ; adhesive CC^laslasa'na v.T. be
viscous ; be sticky

j l is an n . f . (pl. ^Jtal'sinah) tongue
(✓•'''language voice y^i^Uliss'n-ul-’as'r n.m.

voice of the times honorific title of the
Urdu poet Akbur tm ^ , l(^iJUsa'n-ul~^haib' n.f.
oracle ; voice of prophecy honorific title of
the Persian poet Hafiz tfUlasssn' n.m. & adj.

eloquent (person) facile (person) }}Ulisa'm
adj. \in%ud\()Ulassani,£JUlassaniy’yat n.f.
eloquence felicity of phrase [A]

& . jlisdniyyat' n.f. linguistics' JlfL^lissmyya’H
Z /\dj. linguistic [A~prec.]

las' lass adj. (see under jJ n.m. *)

jjlas'san n.m. (same as cT 1 ' if)

lAl hsoora n.m. glutinous beriy used medi-
cinally

J las' si n.f. diluted curds curds or milk , ‘lassi’

y, . 1 »uj >~j

‘ lam pash' lam, lash' \am pash'-

5 am adv. somehow or other
• l/Al tosh^ar'iia v.t. XsWyho lash' ksr n.f.
tallyho

At lash'kar n.m. army armed force
crowd ; throng la*h‘kar-e jarrar' n.m.

strong army if*J&lash’kar-ka' M n.f. invasion,
inroad ; incursion l’f(/°\£^s r paT lash'kar-ka'shi
kar'ns v.i. invade t tfJ&lasKkar-gah' n.m. camp ;
camping ground tf/sSlash'kars n.m. (arch.)
soldier adj. of the army military TPJ
• .lais'fat n.f. fineness softness

Unpleasantness elegance exquisiteness
subtlety [A]

',.laia"if n.m. jokes amedotes JjofW
lata’if-Ul hi'yal n.m. pl. subtle excuses
\Jt&lk>lals'’if-o-zara"if n.m. pl. jokes and
witticisms (A - sing. ]

.ultU'f N.m. (pL.&ihllaltsf) kindness

favour benignity grace pleasure

enjoyment taste ; relish vtO&UTJ s' ns v.i.
enjoy find (something) pleasant Ctjr 1 ^
lit'/ Sf&a'na v.i. enjoyy^/j Jj&lUl'f-o-ka'rom n.m
favour and fun ( kt ) ph.

it is strange that ; what is interesting is that [A]
lat'mah n.m. (pl. £/\P latomat 1 -) slap
buffet (of billows, etc.) £y^lat'ma-t
mag’ n.m. buffet (of a billow)

' Ulattf' adj. fire rarified light

delicate elegant exquisite cheer-

547

£»

ful ; pleasant kind gentle tender^^Li*^
latlf-lab " adj. of gentle disposition of

cheerful spirit Ijii^fkHatif'-gbirjt n.f. light food

[A

.jilall'fok n.m. (vL.^&lala’if) joke;

^(7 jest pleasantry witticism ‘bon
mot’ anecdote tali' fah chhor'ns v.t.

tell a new talc f tali' fah-go n.m, wit,
witty person factious person latt'fa-

go”i n.f. indulging m witticisms telling

anecdotes [A]

■ i lo‘ab n.m. saliva viscous extraction
• adj. viscous [A]

i/«‘3n' n.m. mutual cursing (by a couple in a
law-court in a case of adultery) [A ~ *£*>*]
n.m. play sport lah'v-o

la'ib n.m. play playfulness

„ iio oai n.f. doll puppet

lo" bat-ba zi n.f. puppet show play-

ing with dolls [A ~ prec.] •
ifjla' l n.m. ruby l^'\(f > la i 't u ’gains v.i.

Lf cast up rubies (fig.) peak well (iron.)

use abusive language 'I badakh-

shafi (or ya'man ) n.m. high-quality ruby from
Badakhshan (or Yemen) ^ la' 1 i-t lab n.m.

ruby lips; lips red like ruby Vjf & J** meh
la tf l la'ge ho'na v.i. (iron.) be of valuably cha-
racteristics ( yd* , la t 'tih adj. ruby-red

red [P]

Alafn n.f. imprecation curse
Ct la"n la"n n.f. taunts and curses re-
proof to 1 '* kar'na v.t. reprove ;

rebuke l a ‘ n La ' n ho’na v.t. be taunt-

cdpP] '

• j la l 'nat n.f. curse ; anathema exe-

cration imprecation reproach ; re-
buke disgrace (l'SljOr?&* > la i 'nat bfuj'na (or
kar'na) v.t. curse imprecate renounce

abjure ; renounce ifc>* , la"nat ka touq n.m.
ignominy la*'nat ka ma'ra adj. accursed

ri'tf n.f. disgraceful life of a
hanger on *^4 Zl^Wnat mala' mat n.f. re-
proach admonition lot (ftat mala'-

mat kar'na v. reproach ; rebuke tf** ) la"mti
lain' adj. execrable accursed; cursed

cussed {A ~ c r ]

ia l oo?' n.m. electuary IA]

I la'ln’ adj. (see under n.f. it)

puppet

„ . •< lughat n.m. dictionary ; lexicort n.m pl.
(ped.) words (rare) dialects [A -sing.

£/i. . li-ghajfal adv. up to ; to the end of [A -
— ^ fj to-fi>tfend]

•i lu’ghat n.m. dictionary ; lexicon
(pec.)' word (rare) dialect

lughat tar ash' na v.i. coin a wordU
lughat jfas’na (or chfafitita) v.t. use high-
falutin language lu' ghat-sjiinas' n.m.

philologist (p*l Ugh'vi (ped. lu'gha'ui) adj.
literal ; verbal ma"m n.m. literal
meaning ; verbal sense [A]
lugh'z n.f. riddle [PJ

..lagh'znji n.f. slip ^ faux pas. false
step going astray Vi^y^lagh’tish in a

v.t. slip ( lagh'zish kha.na (or ho'ni)
v.i. slip take false step

•J lagh'v adj. absurd int .( nonsense iD^Vdghg.y'-
yal N.r. (pl. ^ily’laghviyyat') absurdity ,
foolishness

. j laf adj. enclosed laff-o-nash'r n m.
involution and evolution ; figure of speech
in which a series of epithets or predicates follows
a series of subjects ^y^j^laf'f-o-nash'r-e
mural' teb n.m. such parallel series ^

lafj-o-nosfr-e ghair' •mitral' tab n.m. • such dis-
jointed series [A)

• tafjaz! adj. loquacious prolix ,
verbose voluble facile eloquent
lajf a & n.f. loquacity prolixity verbosity

volubility eloquence (A- Jibl)

-. •Aifa'fah n m. envelope cover wrap-
«^^pcr outward show ta£j AiMlifn'fah
bana kar rakk'na v.i. put up & false show I'Cjlif
lifa'fah bana'na v.t. make an envelope
lifafah khui j ana v.i. be exposed ; be un-
masked (of secret) be let out [A- ijfil]

.,../{/■ a'fiya adj. slender fragih
insubstantial prec.)

**, •tlift n.f. lift 'ti n.f. lifty women’s
shoe with sole on level (rather than below -
heel [E]

laif't (or left)' n.m., adj. & adv. left [E] >

i,.j laf i n.m. word laj't baAnf't adv.

JkP word by word; verbatim) ~\)U> laf'-g/a adj.

literal literally rff* laf'& adj. verbal ; literal
bah's n.f. a wordy discussion
laf & tar' jamah n.m. literal translation or tender-
ing W& ma''m n.m. literal meaning

548

Jt

gu lafajt'ga. n . m .

bad charac
hooliganism

lioo ligan ; hoodlum
ter Iqfati ga-f>an N'.m.

tmt ^ a ' N ' 1 ' ,ncct “'g .• seeing someone ; en-
^ countering jome one [A]

laqa' n.f. face j t .countenance (Qglljs mail
** (or m5h')-la'qa adj. & k.m. with a face
as loveiy as the moon (fig. ) beloved ; sweet-
heart [PJ

\af ^ a ' X,M * “time of a lengendary character
with his beard stringed with pearl
laqa' ki da’rki n.f. such pearly beard [P]
hq q~\ n.m. fan-tailed pigeon

^ ^ ' VD J- K aunt

^ ^ la'qab N.M, (pj ..^Cdlalqub') ap, dation (A]

& tuq'tah n.m. unclaimed stuff [A]

*«nJ(or "D'ij ) laq' laq n.m. Stork laq'~
is Icqah n.f. female stork n.m. stork’s cry
,’lf luquiun n.m. name of a wise godly
Of" Semite sometime identified with Aesop ;
he is supposed to have been a great physician
Aesop very wise man (f(ft

m ki davs' luqmsn' ki pas' bh i na'hih
mov. nobody can cure a fool’s worries [A - H]

■pj liiq'mah n.m. morsel mouthful (of)
^ Pjf l&q'ma-e a'jal ho'na v.t. die ;_go
into the jaws of death Jjr luq'ma-e tar
tar ‘ tuq’mah n.m. choice morsel morsel of
rich food (fig.) bribe Os^luq'mahde'nav.r
prompt tvC /^t^Cfek' H lUq'mah kar'na v.t.

a mouthful of swallow ; gulp down [AJ
I ^Viqatirajif luq'qah n.m. rogue ; scoun-
drcl rake

* -j la'q-o-daq (ped. laq' q-o-daq') adj.
Q»V desolate (land) ; howling (wilder-

^plaq'oak n.m. facial paralyse [A]

J) liqqak n.m. (same a» (,^N.n. *'

W h,m. coaltar paint

Ukt'iak.H.x. wanton womair [A}.

Jt ts&itr n.m. . lecture jl^ laik&arat' n.m.
A lecturer tfjtjrUik&ora'rt n.f. lecture-
ihip (El y ,y

fila'l i n.f. kick tfjj- la'kad-zn'ti,
jJ* la'tod-koh n.f. kicking (P)

i bjj lak'ri n.f. wood timber fuel

stick : staff club ; cudgel cudgelling
as^an art lak'ri pfhenk'na v.t. cudgelling

\Ti$ lak'ri lagans v.t. (vul.) (of male) per-
form the sexual act ; fuck lak'kar, /£" takljr*
N.M. log PREF. wood biZ# lak'kar ha r a n.m.
woodcutter .

JUI lak'shtrti n.f. (same as ^f\.F. ■y^)

luk'nav.i. Slide ^ (of woman) not to
appear (before) iuko'naf. r. hide a girl
thus .

^.fil&k'nat n.f. stammer ; lisp

zaban' men lik'mt ho'na. vi. stammer;
stutter ; lisp [A]

ft luk'kah n.m. speck (of cloud) tuk’ka-e

ab'r n.m. a speck of a cloud

/ lakh. pref. a‘ hundred thousand (fljP lakhl-
pa’li adj. millionaire Ij^^lakk-pe'ra adj.
orchard with a very large number of trees
lakk-lut adj. prodigal lakkookh' tin n.m. H.

lakhs ( ~ ]

|. Jflikk'na V.T. write draft compose

register record enter ; make an entry
copy take down kej' Ve^likhltis parkins v.i.
read and, writp rective education n.m. educa-
tion J be likka' (or lik'kh,na) n.m. fate

lot lik'kka parks adj. educated (person)
iffy. Ur lik'kka par'tsi n.f. written agreemntsS^
[a? \f qis' mat As lik'kka ph. one’s destined portion
(qis'mat kd) lik'kka poo'ra kar'na
ph. pass one’s days in hardship ; suffer what
fate has ordained It Ur likka ns, likhoa *na

v.t. cause to write have something; record-
cd dictate fib/ likha’i.t^jlflikha'vat n.f.
writing hand wTiting for writing remun

ration likha’i parha’i n.f. education

li'khat\.f. (arch.) inditing
pa'rhat N.f. (arch.) inditing ljp'CJ tl ^i£>rrli'k)uit
pa'rkal ho'na v.i. bp indited' ; be reduced to writ-
ing htr ^j /^L tik' kki moo's a pa'rhr khqda' ph.
illegible ' hand pH’b" a/ lik'kke na
pa'rhe natn muham' mad fa iil ph. a fool parading
as a learned man

jflakir' n.f. line lineament streak
/C l&s? lakir' pit' ns, lO? k g fafl*
ho'na ph. follow the beaten path Cft£cr loktr'
kkehA'na v.t. rule draw a line fix a

boundary strike out put a mark (under a
word) ; underline Hyf lakir'ns v.t. draw a
line rule underline

adv. (arch, or dial.) till

549

tV

n.m.

atfai

similarity equality
attachment pole for impelling a boat
long bamboo &l&lag'ga sag'ga n.m. attachment;
intimacy Cl/ 0 /ag'g a kka'na v.t. be comparable
(with)

ftf.lagam n.f. bridle rein(l*|«£t)lj>(v
I lagam' de'na (or eharka'na) v.t. bridle
check ; control lagan' tjhi'li chhor'na

V.T.

land revenue (economic)

afl N.M.
rent

:'na v.t.

fdtfhga'na v.t. join attach put set

" ^ arrange ; put in order apply engage
employ busy fix (price) spend (on)
include shoves in scandalize ; bring

(accusation against) plant (,*ls£C0 lagana

b~jkn'va v.t. to sow dissension •* to excite
quarrels $ la'ga bah'dka adj. appointed
fixed obedientjl^/a'^o-tar' continuous

incessant successive adv. constantly
continuously incessantly ; uninterruptedly
successively J Inga to tir' nr'hin to

tiik'ka prov. if it hits the mark, well and gc d; it
not, we do not spand to lose \Pj$laga de'n,; v.t.

fix (someone) up put set instal Cfj
la'ga raih'nu v.i. continue (doing) be engag-
ed (in) persevere (in) stick (to) lie (in

ambush) l&)$ la'ga laga y a adj. settled fixed
in stalled t£$la'gn le'na, C^^^jrak^, par laga'
I on a v.t. bring (someone) round bl&.Vlft laga'na
b jha'nti v.t. sow seeds of dissension^ 0 laga vat
n.f. connection inclination attachment
affection coquetry t*l/> laga' vat

dikha'na (or kar'na) v.i. show love
laga’vat ki bateh N.m. coquetry seductive
ways ! a S a vat ki ba'ten kar'na v.i.

speak or act coquelishly/g3 laga" a n.m. con-

nection inclination attachment affection
la'ga hi" a ADJ. fixed appointed adv.
busy ; engaged near ; close by J laga" i
b - jka'H n.f. (dial laga 'i lut'ri) back-
biting mischief-making \!j < ^wj'{}tff i l<iga't

bvjkcf't kar'na v.t. backbite mischief ntak-
ingt/r laga'e rakh'na v.t. keep (some-
one) employed keep (someone) busy or
occupied keep (someone) close to ljfO* lag'ta
ku"a adj. continuous piercing or trenchant
lag'll kaih'na v.i. say acceptable words
speak trenchant swords O^i^ijlag' chal'na v.t go
along with la' gi ha' theft adv. in passing

by the way J&&lagai\t' n.f. copulation tPj,
lag'goo bafi'dhoo n.m. Pit. (rol.) friends t/ lags 3,

jifl lags Hr' adj. selfish person J* la' gait n.f.
love enthusiasm ; devotion n.m. (dial.)
moment (of) rising of a sign of the zodiac
VfjJt’h'gan dhar'rta v.t. (h. dial.) fix a dak
for marriage la'gan lag'rta v.t. r 11 ir

love (with) be enthusiastic (about) <CP hg'ni
v.t. & i. be affixed (to) be appended (to'
be attached (to) be connected (with)
be applied (to) be consumed (in) be caught
(by disease) be hurt ; be hit come ini.
contact (with) take root come into contai •
(with) fixed up have effect be soiled

(by) be contiguous (to) fuck : (of male)
copulate (of tree) be planted bear ffruiP

(of money be spent on be invested (in)
be a relation (of) (of eye) be closed with sleep
(o'f boat) touch the shore (of door, etc.)
be dosed (of things) be set (of hunger or
cold) be felt (of mind) feel interest (in) ro:

be staked incur (blame) v. acx. begin tc
do, etc.) ClJ> lagia'na v.t. cause to be
applied ; cause to apply submit t<,

sexual act $ la' g: n.f. love ; passion
*Z—la'gi ba'ri ho'ti hoi pit. love is blind
passions are irrestiblc £(£/$ la'gi ko bujbu'tu
v.t. bring one’s love to a ‘successful conclusion
(ft# la'gi lip'ti adj. partiality
la'gi lip'ti rak’khe ba-ghair’ k~„ih de'na n t.
say (something) without minting matters j, £
C&jta' gi na rakh'na v.i. show no partiality
snap all ties (with)

y/l laga'i N.f. (dial.) wife woman

‘-&T!

ft lag bkag' adv. ^ near resembling
" (usu. as) lag' bkag' adv.

about ; approximately
(jjt N F * urT, P ol moistened powder

bftjj l“'g a f ba'gar, &i&la'gar
bhag'ga n.m. hyena ,

i Jj la’gan n.m. basin ; trough
Us, lag til n.f. small trough [P]
f Jf la'gan n.f. & n.m. (see under{>*V?

U V.T. *)

la'la n.m. (dial.) son dear

one little one [S]

..j f la' lit N.f, name of a musical mode adj.
(dial.) "cute [S]

’.if lalcjta'na. v.t. long for , covet be tenia-
lized be tempted l>j filial eh a d-r'nu v.t.
tempt tantalize hi eft a" /< tsih'

ja'na v.i. be tantalized (1- V

550

^J^la'lak n.f enthusism

^j^jjlalkar’n av.l. callout bawl (at)

challenge lalkar' n.f. shout . cry
challenge

n lal'loo n.f. (is dial.) tongue Cfj Ijd lal'loo na

* rtnh'na ph. (dial.) be unable to keep mum

lal'loo pal' loo n.f. flattery ; adulation;
sycophancy lal'loo pat' too kar'na v.i.

flatter ; fawn on ,

•T. fill ah int. for God’s sake lil’ lah' il ham d

jnt. thank God thank goodness [A]

J Hm N.f. reason ; cause charge
I blemish (Cd>J l I'yfjL) L0f l’ m laga’na (or
dhar'na or rakh'na) v.t. accuse point out a

blemish in fA ~o+n

' i lam pref'. in an (only in) Jj^lam ya'zal adj.
f immortal [A]

fl lam pref tall long v/r lamdaran ga,

| adj. tall and stout fgf £lam' tail' gd,
lam-tah'goo adj. long-legged f lam'fhkar adj.
tall lam' dark' j/a adj. long-beared

lam-dhihg adj. tall n.m. heron LS-tf lam-kan'nd
adj long-eared n.m. rabbit hare [contr ~

KOLL. ]

it lam'ba adj. (f. lam'bi) (dial. lah'ba

• f. tf?]) lah' In) long tall distant

(journey) 1 lam'ba tarafi'ga adj. tall
and stout ) fell lam' bar (fcau'ra adj. spacious

extensive tall and stout \lyp U* lam'ba ho'na
vi. be long be tall be distant depart

d lamban' , $ L-* lambs' "i n.f. length; tallness

tk tl lamba'na v.t. lengthen elongate jjU*
'jife lamba’i cpaura''i n.f. size length and
breadth dimensions lam' bar, jl lam boo

adj. tall and foolish (/j ^ la.mbool’ra adj. oblong
(ft lam'bi n.f. a long stride in a horse adj long
bjll' I'd? lam'bi t&nna (or tan kar so'na)
v.i. sleep at ease 0^‘i 0 feift lam'bi chau'ri
hahk'na v. boast ; brag 1 / (ll Ijtf? lam' bi

(or lam'ba ) satis bhar'na v.i. heave a deep sigh
i lam bar n.m. (arch.) number j bfe lambdr -dat
/» n.m. (arch.) lambardar ; village headman
I ~ E number dorr.]

lam hah n.m. (pl Cstf' lamhat’) minute
moment twinkling of an eye
lam hah bhar adv. for a minute for a while
n m. hardly a moment (A]

'JU lam da n m (same as tj,'J n.m. -fc)

lam's n m touch sense of touch [A)

JZ

l,Z)

lam' l ah n.m. (PL. &Wlam‘at) brightness

J Ian pref never , certainly not [A]

••

‘si/ J Idn-tara'ni n.f. boast, brag tall
w O' talk ) l'j'fttj\Jlan-tara'rii kar'na

(or ki le-na) v.t. brag; boast indulge hi
tall talk IA ~ God’s reply to Moses in these
words meaning : thou shall not see Me (the
Holy Quran 7 i !«)].

jji lUh’ja adj. (F. J? luh'ji ) lame of hand(s) ;

■» crippled luh'ja-pan n.m. such lameness

* ’ 1 liiiijka'ra, ' ife'ltiiijfce'ra nm. problem(s)
of lay life
Ui lahch n.m. lunch [El

land n.m. penis

. j»,, luh'da adj. (v.tftyljti'di) tail-cropped
^ lah'di n.f. (derog.) woman
b, , latid' mTthd adj. leafless (tree) tail-

less one with all to has shaven
s J*jluMak'ri n.f. somersault luhdak'-

nyaft khel'nS v.i. turn a somersault.
lafidoo'ra adj. (f.tfjjjlf lahdoo'ri) tail-
cropped with no relatives with no
children

. nail/Jltirka'na v.t. spill ; let flow

C»xt l ahdk'ti a v.i. be spilt
^jtflohk n.m. heap

lah'ka~N.M. Ceylon

lahka mthji'st de'kh-a so ba'van gag ka ph
everyone here more wicked (or naughty) than
others

^J^llhg n.m. phallus [S]

^J^luhg n.m. loincloth [ -Pj

^J^lahg n.m. lameness ; limping adj. lame
lahg kar'na v.i. (of animals) limp
IjaVa, Ij&lahga'fa N.M. rake wick,
person cfJj^labga' ra-pan. ^^lahga'ra-
pan n.m. profligacy wickedness
' lab' ga' n.m. anchor free

jr public kitchen ; alms house
victuals distributed to the poor
Hi 10 lah' gar Stfea'ha v.t. & weigh
anchor lah' gar ja'ft kar’na

v.t. to set up* a free public kitchen slrj&laft'gar-
kha'nah n.m. free public kitchen 0 lah'gar
dal'na v.t. cast anchor

f fa lah’ gar n.m. pendulum thick rope
s' wrestler’s f I'filjLb&P lah' gar lahgef' (or

&

lip

551

t)

la*go'ta) y n.m. underwear wrestlers’ loincloth
£*j£l laft’gar lafigot' baitdk'nd v.i. enter
the lists

[fj&lafig n n.f. kind of tray

.fcfy lofts' r a n.m. a kind of mango lafig'ra
AD j_ & n.m, (f lafig'rl) lame ;
lumping (person) cripple L'l^lohgrii'jta v.i.

\filahgot N.M., Ij&Jatgota n.m., lafigo'ti

*“'jr n.f. \o\nc\o\hCo>ji\S^ lafigot' bdftdk'na v.i...

gird up one’s loins be ready to fight
/oftgvt'-batid adj. & n.m. one wearing a long-
cloth confirmed bachelor larigoi -dat

adj. (of kite) with a coloured piece of paper at
its tail I#"' t f'ti^laftgot kd safjt'chd adj.^&. n.m.
one not guilty of unwedded love
laltgo'fi meft pkag kkel'na v.i. be happy * despite
poverty laftgo'tiya n.m. crony chum
cUldhood playmate adj. intimate (friend)
jlifjr 1 laftgo'tiyd y dr n.m. crony
i fa l aft goo' (]i a n.m. sausage : cn-
trails in which sausage meat is

filled

fa langoor' n.m. black-faced a
jjr species monkey with a very
long tail

f*f luh'gi n.f. coloured sheet
17 meant to cover lower part of
body thick coloured turban

lo I NT. lo lOOk lo our '

sft'noiNT. how strange [~ ]

loo n.f. hot wind £f»J loo lag'na v.i. have
a heat stroke

lau' n.f. flame (of candle, etc.) lobe
of ear attention meditation devo-
tion Cltfjlau' laga'na v.t. devoted (oncsclfs to)
lau lag'na v.i. cfevoted (to)
jj lam n.m. lark

liva n.m. (pl. sjl al'viyah) banner ; stan-
dard [A] V
j lava'hiq (col. vrfjflavahiqiri) n.m. pl. de-
U I * pendants [A ~sing. > 3^/ ]

... A laod'zim (col. ^Ijtjlavazimdl') N.M. PL.
I' 1 ’* necessaries, ingredient things go-
ing along with another [A — stNG.vyi/J
~Jfjlivd’lat n.f. sodomy; paederasty [A~H
Jsj Lot]

ClJ l** a ns ’ Wf lj Hvo' land v.i. fetch (someone)
loobdn’ njh. frankincense loobdn'

J

J

J

U

d i t ivuua

dVjak't

i'hd v.t, ; bum incence A t A loobdn -
di'tA n.f. censer

lotk'ra n.m. lump of flesh

lota N.M. spouted jug
f>K

(hg.) fickle-

. lobk n.m. (dial.) greed, avarice : co v etou , n ess
Jif lo'hki adj. (dial.) covetous (S]

« f jlo'biyd n.m. a kind of bean

~,.loth n.f. dead body J&J2J loth polk Ain .
'^■'dead tired

\ b /)

minded person ill i lo'tt dal'na v.i, (dial.)

take a bath iStfjLrt-l* peftdh kd lo'td ph.
fickle-minded (person) ; capricious (person)
unreliable (person)

/. >/ lautnd v.i. come back ; return (rus.)

■'-j return ; send back (rus.) turn over (page)
VU^J laut' and v come back : retumiVt^y
lout ja'na v.i. go back : return k’tfj lautaia
v.t. send back . return turn over
b j lot'na roll toss about be restless
love JsJ tot ad|. loving . devoted
lot' pot adj. restless (in love) having a
side-splitting laughter printed from same
plate on both sides VfiJPiJp) lot' pot fio'na be
restless (in love) have a side-splitting laughter
P°t chkdp'nd v.t. print from same
plate *on both sides ClfJZJlot ja'na. (,'Ujftiy
lot ho jd'nd v.i. be greatly attracted by^y I o' tan
adj tumbling (pigeon) n.m. ground-tumbler
(pigeon) (fj lot'nt n.f. somerset ; somersault
tossing Cl/jtAj lot'myaft kkd'nd v.t. turn a
somersault be restless (owing to pain, etc.)

looi'na n.f rob loot ; plunder
*•' charge an exorbitantly high price dZ/Jloot'
n.f. highway robbery plunder ; booty ,

spoil (Tfc loot par'na v.i. be robbed. be
pillaged* be plundered fji loot' kd mat'
n.m. plunder booty good stuff going

very cheap loot kkd'nd v.t. sponge

loot' kkasoot' n.f. exploitation
kkasoot' kar'na v.t. exploit jiit/J loot' mir n.f
plunder; pillage sacking exorbitant
charges loot' macjfZ’na v.t. under ;

pillage sack charge exorbitant rates

L loo' tarn lai (or loot) bid to rob each other
kp t io' utn adj ./VJlot ni n;f. (see under Cif lot'ni
V'v.i. it)

. lauthd adj.. (f. lau'tkl) well-developed
(youth)

j, jlaus- n.m. contamination (only as)

be-taus' adj. unselfish adv. without ulte-
rior motives (much) [A]

. lodk n.m. sweetness (of voice) supplc-
{Jp* ness viscocity or storchiness (of dough)

ni

552

l>)

y

l 9 (h. ~dnr adj. sweet (voice, etc. supple
(body viscous ; starchy
_ I link n.f. tablet plague ; stone titel
v/ pa gc <£{/ 1,) Inu'h-e Jar’ bat, j\y& J Inu'h-e
truKitr' n.f. tombstone Z/J lau'h-e tilis’m n.f.
(arch.) tablet on which method of undoing a
charm is. detailed; talismanic tablet f&J
hn'k-e mahfiHt-i n.f. divine tablet recording

all mankind's doings. divine knowledge Zy'Z/i

■av'/i-.: math'/} N.r. practising tablet ; tablet for
re.lligrapliia exercises Z>) lauh'-navts n.m.

title page designer lau’h-o ijalam

■n.m. divine decree tablet and pen record-
ing it [A] ..

w.t AJ ffau 1 /mlral'/ah int. wonderful [A~ Cf'i
+>l T If 1

^ , In'ri n.f. lollaby lo'ri de'nd v. r.

sing a lullaby ; lull a child to sleep
mJr, lor'hi n.f. mid winter Hindu festival on
ijJ* which bonfires are made ; bonfire festival
. i l tin: n.m. lozenge (rare) almond
J* Inu.'A'voh n.m. almond pudding [A]

jfijl'fini n.m. sodomite; paederast [ A - H

fi Irk n.m. (dial.) people world prkf.
folk ^ Jjlck'-dkun n.f, folk -tone
Irl.'-sul n.m. folk-song l’*f)lok’-na& n.m. folk-
datire

I kii n.m. Oainc pieces of burning
vs master thrown out from a torch, etc. \;li> y'd
(C'j t') loo'ks Jayikd -or de'na) v,t. set fire to
incite passions loo'ka Ja'ge int. ulial.)

lie’ll with it

b i/j Wat' n.m. loquat 'E~Ch. luh Jurat rush
'* m/ »s orange]

jfjt tr.u’l.ni N.F. partly charred wood ; brand

In 'kal adj. local lo'kal sriil'J'-

gn'rr.rnmiin n.f. iocal self-government [E]

Uni hi n.f. v dtal.) bottle gourd

J*

/V

fi Ivy n.m. people mankind family
<sj folk Jti ij/h'gbiig n.m. people;
various tvpes of people ; people of all walks of
life

. . Im'lu adj. & N.M; (r. loo'U) (one) with
Vs hands cropped jfj loo'ld laiig'rd • adj.

k k.m. it ■. (fty&JJIooli Mftg'ri)crippie

j i Inula si n.f. spray with which groom is
C? ss first groated 1>\ Ins sisters-in-law
/ Initial' rn. raison ’detre" of whole crca-
tjss tion dbJt^’Ussd' bib-r huldk' ph. (the

Holy v Prophet as) the raison Metre of creation
[A i -f 1) -I- J ~ Tradition recording divine
words “But for thee, I would not have created
the universe’’]

'i'i Jo" la'* (or loii'lnuj (i*l. J J> la'ali] pearl
“ * n.m. if If lao'lu'e la la n.m. pearl of

the. first water [A]

j j loo'li n.f. dancing-girl prostitute
(s* adj. lovely (woman) i j(y’ Inn'li-e fa'lctk

n.m. planet Venus [P]
j, j lum'r n.m. fox tf/tS lam'ri N.F.
yv fox vixen
. / l mm. y) lau'mah n.m. re-
| s proach [A]

loon' n.m. salt ; common salt
hwn' mir'ch Inga'nd v.t. exaggerate
Inn n.m. loan | El lon'ni n.f. salt efflo-
rescing from wall I'&tJJ loo' ni log ru'i v.i.
(of building, etc.) decay thus If J lon'ni vit n.f
salt-maker a kind of brackish potherb {El
Y^jJ l°" n.f. lawn a kind of muslin (E ~ ooRR.J

laun n.m. (fl fjij l u/viin') colour [A]

jS)

dl

'dJ

&

N.M.

mite

for

Laund n.m. intercalary month , an extra
month

lauh'dit (co\. fjJ- laiii’ila) boy, lad

minion ; catamitec^liV latch' dd-pan
boyishness_)lz£->'y Inun d( bat n.m sodo-
pacdcrast n.f. woman going in
youthful men ^}l^.‘Jlaui:di-l)d‘jgf n.f.
sodomy ; paederasty ; homosexuality
^l^t^Jjflnuh'dc late (or lartye or ixihartye) n.m.
’young inexperienced persons unfaithful
minions tf^JIaufi'di n.f. maid ; slave-girl
Inuh'di bnch'chah n.m. (dcrog.) freeman’s son
hv a slave-girl slave-born 1%'J taundya (col.
Lum'diya n.f. gal . lass daughter
JrJ lavih'diir N.v.. lavtnder :E|

laubk’na of lightning) (lash

d&

laubg n.f. dovet nosc-piu

ii In’ ltd. n.m. iron t'tv i-i In'ha baja'na v.t.
Is fight with the sword U~*f,lJlo'hd barasnd
v.i. have a free use of swords have a
general massacre 1/ b'kit luh a tig ho’ tin

v.i. be harsh (on) (Vff )ls)lS lo'ha de'na (or
kar'ttd ) vet. iron (a cf eh ) J,- 1 Jj i-'hu lath.’ n.m.

iron-bound club verse with difficult
rhymes adj. strong b<hd toot ja mt

553

v.i. (of sword) break or bend (of an affair)
get spoiled 1“ .Jlo'ha mao' ja'na v.t. ack-
nowledge the superiority (of) 0/ Whe

H tfiha'fi kor let n v.i. be adamant' put up
a bold fron t L * Jin hr. tkah'de ho jana
v.i. lose all enthusiasm lo he ki

eha’nr chabdna v.t. work "very hard ' face
great odds i or jQ ' lohar' n.m. black-
smith ; ironmaster : smith (rare) ironmonger
jU lohar'-hhanah n.m. smithy Jls y'tfj-lbj D
• lohar' -kha'ne met soo"iyai -h'na v.i. bring
coals to Newcastle Mat'd n.f.

forge , -furnace 0j)J (or^ ; U<) to... .an. ifAJ( or
</>U) loha’ri n.f. female member of a smith's
family tj loh prff. iron loh' ehoon n.f.

iron filings ypjlo'hiya n.m. iron monger
. | lohar' n m., [yjlo'hiyd n.m. (see undo J

Jl War adj. lower

to"i n.f. coarse woollen shawl

ij lohar’. (JjlJ lohar an, tfjlJ toha'ri
under n.m.

^^j/oAaf n.m. uvula [A]

I by lahar a n.m. not good at repaying debts

.it lohan’ \oj. blood-stained (only inl^Wr 1
(S' - la’hoo lohan’ adj. blood stained

J loih'jah (ped. lah'jah ) n.m. r>i . laid jm')

tone accent [A]

H-ha'za adv. therefor^ ; for this reason

consequently , with the result that
[A - J for +- this]

i laih'r (col. lai'har n.f. wave ; undula-
S* tion waving pattern fluctuation
physical reaction to venour from snake-bite
intoxication ; inebriation frenzy fancy
whim caprice (\£\l} \:jyj laih'r ana (or iitk'nrl
v.i. undulate fluctuate feel enthusias
feel enrapture. feel the effect of veno..
1^1 laih'r a n.m. lively tune y/.yj laih'r baih'r
n.f. prosperity laih'r ch.arh’na v.t. be

an influx (of) have a fit (of) feel the effect
of drug or- venom Cet<JyJ laid ret le'na v.i. (of
river, etc.) be wavy ^^1 laih'rdna v.t. wave ;
flutter fluctuate laih'rt adj. emotional
capricious jiyflaih'rija adj. wavy; un-
dulating dyed or painted thus
cT 4 loth' son n.m. garlic blotch

UW

n.m. grief [A|

^ laih'ka n.m. thin brocade lace

^ lathkar na v t. pat or encourage (horse)

,./t lai'hak' na v.T. glow; kindle up; rise

up into a flame flash chirp ; warble

raise one’s voice be filled with passion
get excited U) lai'hak n.f. glitter; flash;
blaze lai 'link lai'hak kar (or ktb

adv. enthusiastically excitedly loudly
(T£V lai'hka'na v.t. kindle (fire) . stir (fire)
shine or glitter excite cause cause to
to chrip or warble cause to speak up
. laihloha'na v.t. wave ; flourish

l W^r bloom by verdant L*W laih'laha adj.
(arch.) blossoming ^U^laihloha hat n.f.
waving (of corn, etc.) before the wind bloom-
ing verdure

^^ylaihlot adv. restless.

tailin' ga n.m. long skirt

J la'hoo, (rare lohoo ) n.m. blood

V f st la'hoo .ana v.t. pass blood (by
stool) Vyt /) khoii met.) la'hoo u'tarna
v.t. (of eyes) be bloodshot la'hoo ba’ras'na

v.t. bleed la'hoo bigar'na v.t. (of blood)

become infections tack fraternal (etc.) sympa-
hics la'hoo pa ni tk kar'na v.t, work

very hard ; sweet and toil la'hoo pi'na v.t.

ivory a great deal be very angry yt
(Cm *k) la'hoo ih.ook'nu (or dal'nd ) v.t. spit
blood suffering, from phthisis 1 'Jsyt la'hoo

t apak'na v.t. (of blood; ooze la’hoo

khush'k kar'na v.t. terrorize be very harsh
on I'yf hoo khUsh'k ho' ns. v.i. be terro-

rized I’jjy) la'hoo ro'na v.i. weep bitterly
la'hoo ka piyasa adj. blood thirsty -n.m.
bitter enemy (of)

la'hoo ke ^boohi pi'na (or pi tar' rath' jana ) v.i.
suffer patiently ( Vyp J Li^j }0-
la’hoo lagd ke shahi'don men mil'na (or shamil
ho'na) ph. much credit for little ^Ldyl la'hoo
lohan' adj. blood-stained

J lah'v n.m. pastime ; fun ; amusement
' j y) lah'v-o-ld'ib n.m. ft:n and sport [A]

b- < lahet'di n.f. basket for drawing water

la ” ij adj. able capable (A ~ 0*1^’

554

ift

^ ^ laklb' adj. flaming ; blazing [A]

Jji la'’im adj. , reproached (person)

I ~ mean; base; sordid niggardly [A-

j lai n.f. air ; tune keeping time

le v.t. (imp. of Cd v.t.

liys'qal n.f. ability capabiltiy

suitability worth

Z. proficiency
merit [A]

'toibar'tari n.f. laboratory [E]

A It bar n.m. labour Jj It' bar par'H n.f.

Labour Party [E]

li P' * a n.m. leap year [E]

J IV bar n.m. morbid water discharge from eye

i. i lep’ ns v.|. plaster bedaub bes-
mear with Up n.m. plaster
ointment ^Jy-^Wp’ pot n.f...- plastering and
mad-washing (£& Up' kar'nn (or lagans)
v.t. plaster apply a plaster or ointment
CV- LA It pa po'ts adj. plastered and mud
washed clean JJ? LA It'ps po'ti n.f. plaster-
ing (fig.) window-dressing \zXj m V*iltp'ns pot'na
v.t. plastering and mud washing *

/ . le-palak adj. & n.m. adopted (child)

[~ Ci+

Ht ' ra n.m. worn-out shoe L^^JP^ltl' re
'y* par'na v.t. get a shoe-beating
imi „ l lai't-o-la‘al' n.f. evasion pre-
4 varication LZrilai't-o la'aV kar na

v.v. evade prevaricate (~A c^Alai'ta
+ J+<y > la'al’ta]

..Aj let' ns v.i. lie down rest ; repose
(of crop be no longer standing)

> i<J laijisle'tw adj. legislative
yjTi* 4 laijisle'tiv asaimb'li n.f. Legislative
Assembly yrA~*Llaijislt' &ar n.m. Legislature (E)
Wjhi n.f. refuse of chewed betel-leaf
worthless stuff

^ J H'^ar adj. & n.m. stingy (fellow) nig-
gardly (person) ^^.li' char-pan' n.m.
stinginess ; niggardliness

It’dti n.f. litchi [E — Ch.)

W n.f. dung (of horse, ass, etc.)

Laidar n . m . leather [E]

J» . li'dar n.m. leader editorial
JAg Ildars' rd (joc.) female leader tfjjJ H’iari
n.f leadership [E)

le'A n.f. lady U'A dak' tar n.f

ladv doctor 1E1

lady doctor [E]
lir n.f. strip or slip of cloth rag

yd

lais adj. accoutred ready V/Pc/tf
lais ho' ns v .1. be ready be accout-

red

r ud lais n.f. lace [E]

i A Its n.f. stickiness glutinosity

les'-dar adj. sticky ; glutinous ; jelly like
r ud Its sdf. licking (T - It si svf licking

bk n.f. rut track ; beaten path
— mark left by snake, ete. (derog.) old

order, custom blemish Ilk' par (pal' ns

ViUOutOllk' lik ejial'ns v.i. follow the rut
follow the beaten path

/j lek adj. (arch, or poet) but still

however ; nevertheless [P - poll.]

XJ It' kin conJ. but 1 still however ;
lyy nevertheless [P~A Jo]

likh n.f. small louse nit

6.

le'kks n.m. (dial ) account [

- cJ>]

big n.f. league <-Ja f^mus'Hm tig n.f.
Muslim League jp 1 bg' a/ ru'jhanz
n.f. League of Nations [EJ

U lail (rare JA lai'lah) n.f. (pl. JU laps'd)
V* night jLr ) <)i lail-o-nahsr' n.m. night
and day times; position; circumstances jJ^t \^}A
lai'lat-Ul-qad'r n.f. the Ramazan night (general-
ly regarded as 27tb) on which the Holy Quran’s
revelation commenced ; anniversary of Quranic
revelation lai'lah n.m

The Arabian Nights [A]

le'la n.m lamb kid

h’la n.f. (dial.) theatrical
*♦. performance sport

amorous sport marvel (/jlnrllA Hla-dban
n.m . J>ltA h'lavafi n.f (dial.) wanton ; playful
woman [S]

nj lai'la (Cork Jz lai'lt) adj. dark-com-
(J~ plextoned n f beloved of legendary Arab
lover Qais whose madness in love won him thr
name Majnoon | A - (Jd 1

S-

555

l

; assume
borrow

'Jr lai'man n.m. lemon
U " lemonade [E ~ A ~ P] "

J It'moo , O/t (ped

(JSt laimoon') n.m. lemon;
lime IV ooh-nickor' n.f.

uninvited guest sponger

Vj K, OK & moon nicfaor'na v.t.
crush lemon [ ~ P]

le'na v.t. take take over
buy ; purchase accept

receive usurp win ; conquer le int.
come well take a' net v.t. bring

fetch ; go and get produce lj U li'ya di’ya
n.m. (fig.) act of charity good deed dJJflyV
tif(('V'l£tl)li'ya di'ya are (or age or karri) a'na
v.i. escape owing to some good deed done earlier
le' ur'rta v.t. run away with carry
tales bft dA-le' -bhag'na v.t. & 1 . abduct
run away (with) abduct £a£A~ le' baidVna v.t.

ruin others along with onesel f cause other
parts to collapse with it force (someone) to
become concubine t le' par'na v.t. lie
down with a child lie down with a woman
forciblyl?j^^^xfDf/e'/a bhoole na de'ta ph. cash
deeling as involving no trouble l‘U AL-le' ja'na
v.t. take away run away with win
convey li’ji''e int. lo please take it
4-jA~le’ de n.f. objections effort
It de kar (or ke) adv. merely altogether
. .Z. le' de kar' na vt.. take a strong excep-
tion \oVf 4 **tJL’le' de ho'na v.i. be strongly
objected (to) l doob'na v.t. ruin another
person along with oneself Ci A—le' le'na v.t.
take ; take power take by force ; extort
take back accept receive force to yield

VyeU le' mar'na v.t. & I. try hard and
succeed ruin others along with oneself
leri den n.m. business dealings y / ( £jtdi
len' denka kfu'ra adj. fair in one’s dealings
jj Ci le'na ek' na de'na do' ph. have no-

thing to do (with) : have no connection what-
soever (with) ; have no truck (with) J erf! len'
den n.m. business dealing W

le'na na de'na ka're na mas'le ph. useless le'tii
h.f. ceremony on taking back child from wet
nurse ; weaning jj-le’ne ke de'ne par'

ja'na v.t. have tables turned on one
le'ne men na de'ne men ph. having nothing to do ;
have one’s hand clean

jp lefid n.f. one separate part of excrement
(fjbA lefi'di n.f. one separate pan of ex-
crement adj. coward V J S ^ lar * tar n <*

v.t. humour ; eajole DVjy len'di kflt'ta n.m.
small underdeveloped dog

* b A lain’ do' ri n.f. * bee-line un-

broken traffic fy((jl)(f&(Jjy*rfLlain
do'ri batidhl (or la'gi) ho'na v.i. have unbroken
traffic ^

* ii laind’lard n.m. landlord (fjJtdlaind'
le'd i n.f. landlady [E]

lev n.m. layer plaster IV lj£ lev
u' larva v.i. (of plaster) comedown 4

lev' (fcarka'na v.t. plaster lev' cbarh’no

be plastered grow fat
le'va n.m. mud-plastering on vessel bottom
suf. taking jan'-le'va adj. killing

Wi n.f. paste

A

V.I.

>A

&

li'ye adv. because (of) ; on account (of)
aL <£■ ke li'ye pref. for,

jpcoceetNNg

r

mim thirty-first letter of Urdu alphabet
(equivalent to English m) according to
jummal reckoning) 40

ma'ab' n.m. recourse suf. focus (of)
centre (of) reposilnrj (of) able
ible

*7' ma'a'sir n.m. pl. memorable deeds (of
> person, family, etc.) glorious traditions
(rare) celebrities (A ~ sing. c> >1]

>1

t'a'khiz n.m. (pl of n.m. ★)

d k

ma'al' n.m. . consequence end ;
termination (j^jUjC ma’a'l-ande.rh' adj.
prudent faresighted efiX l(Jh meVa'l ande'M
H.f. prudence farsight J^ma'd'l-e kar'
n.m. consequence adv. at last ; at length
ultimately [A]

1 ^ ma n.f. (same as Jl man n.f. ★)
ma n.m. fourth note of national gamut

ma

prov. we l> ma b u ttu if ' prov.

(of sovereign) we [/* yl ma -o~snuma n.m.
pL. all and sundry ^ j i mi'-o-man' n.f. (rare)
egotism [P)

(f, ma sup whatever ; whatsoever that
» which vhile ; whilst as long as jjJ i

556

ma-ba''d adj. following ; that follows adv. later
pref. meta, ma ba" d-Ul-taW iyyat' n.m..

metaphysics ; (or ‘Jtf l ) m$-baqa' (col. C
mti-baql') n.m. the rest, remainder remnant ;
balance ; arrears b ma-bihil-ektiyaj' n.m.

whatever is necessary requisites jhJ'pGt
ma-bih-il-imtiyaz' n.m. distinctive feature
ma-kih-in-niza" n.m. point at issue bone of
contention ms-bain' adv. during
between among ^J^Lma-laiM (or ped. -taht)
n.m. subordinate adj. subordinate inferior
adv. under l ma-taqad-dam adj. earlier

bygone afore-said ; above-mentioned \£b
majors (col. maj'ra) n,m. event circum-
stances happening ; occurrence state :

condition predicament matter (J^b ma-
thi'sul n.m. produce profit sum arid sub-
stance (of) outcome ma-ha zar n.m.

pot-luck c' -*(J ma-hatar lanavul farms" -

i vc t it. come and take pot-back with us J/'k
n rs-kaul' n.m. environment surroundings

‘milieu’ ^yy^j.ma-sa'baq adj. preceding
ma-sa'lof adj. bygone ; what has gone before
\y l mii-siva adv. moreover besides
in addition (to) n.m. universe ruinous God
ma-sha'allah' i n t. (rare) what God may
God preserve it from evil eye wonderful
gosh ms-fat' adj. what is dead and

gone missing mitted on ma-fauq ’ adj.
higher upper pref. ultra meta
ms-fau q-ul-f it' rat adj. supernatural
J i m a fiz-zamir' n.m. motive in-
tention design l ms-fi’-ha ph. what it
contains ; its contents U4 L jbj dun'ya-o-ma-ji'^ba
pm. the world and whatever it contains
vrd-qcb'l adj. preceding previous l

r:a-qab’l-c a'khir adj. penultimate I ma-
qul'Ta-ia-daV PH. to the point f p L ms-la kalafri
adj, ineffable indescribable ma-/*

yutuf adj. unbearable taklif-e ma-la-

ruing' l'H. unbearable responsibility (col.)
great trouble mS-la-yan hal adj. in-

soluble that cannot be resolved ^ liV"
tna-la-hoo'va-ms- dlaih' n.m. pros and cons^ (f**b
ma-maza' adj. & adv. bygone maza

nta-maza' ph. let bygones by bygones
ma va'jab N.M. & adj. necessary ; whatever'is
necessary fjjb ma-vara' adj. beyond be
sides over and above pref. ultra n.m. that lies
beyond ^ Git mi-vars'i adj. transcendental
csljjb ma-vara 1 ’ iy'yat N.F. transcendentalism
£lXl ma-yohlaf adj. necessary [AJ

^i ma pref. no ; not £1 jlma-zagh' ph (rare)
" did not go astray n.m. (fig.) beatific
vision IAJ

1i ma n.m. water 2 ish ma'Sl-leb'm n.m. div

tilled or strong soup ma”i adj.

watery liquid hydro jyp i ms' 'iy'yat n.f.

liquidity wateriness liquid content [A)

.. msp'ns v.t. (same as l> l* v.T. K)i^b

V£w map n m. same as ty t*(sce under
* « ** *•

V.T ★

nisi n.f. checkmate defeat being
• c'utdone((r)/tJ&’ji£ , l'maf dc'na (or kar'tts)
'.t. mate : checkmate defeat ; beat (at)
outdo confound mat' khk'vs

(or Iio'tio) v i. be mated : be checkmated be
defeated ; be beaten (at) be outdone be
confounded CM shah-mat' n.m. checkmate
[P ~ A died)

.**. ma'ta n.f. small-pox (dial.) mother
v * ma'ta pi'ts n.m. (dial.) parents£t£‘ft

ma'ta ni'kalna v.t. (of someone) have small pox
mart n adj. (f. 7? t matt) intoxicated
t * jjb rriitd' ka ma'ta n.m. one given

to too much sleep one in deep sleep one
not conscientious

j ma'tcm n.m. mourning obsequies
| * grief ritual mourning (for Imam

Hussain’s martyrdom)^ ms' tain pkr'si

house of mourning (fig.) world as this Jbff'
ma’tam-dar adj. mourning n.m. mourner
matam-da'rx n.f. mourning matam-zadah

adj. bereaved .inatam-Kar'vs v . t .

mourn grieve ; lament perform ritual
mourning m alarm n.m. mourner adj. ^

mourning mournful funeral (jrfjtfb
lhatami libas' N.M. (usu. black) mourning

dress (widow’s) weeds [A]

madia N.M, forehead facade
* brow front (of) ma'tfkaj '■•ii'Ka

v.t. (fig.) grieve over one’s misfortune IS&& 1
ms'lka du'nakna v.i. (fig.) have a presentiment of
the coming evil ; have ill-forebodings tvGb-cl
ma’tha ra'garna v r.. (fig.) prostrate oneself
(before) beseach : supplicate Vjbgf mat' the
mar'ria (rare LjL mu' the mar' no) v.t. throw

back (at) ; return (with bad grace)

^ mat n.m. large earthen receptacle for
food grains, etc. vat indigo pit

557

ka ma t’ W iig'ra hai hrov
the whole group is spoiled

matfcoo N.M. harlequin , merryandrew
w audacious fool >

^ ^ mil' tt n.f. (dial.) same as ^NK *) .

j* i masoo'rah adj. mentioned. in the Holy
Prophet’s traditions */5

mason' xili n t. a prayer thus ^ transmitted . the
Holy Prophet’s prayer [A ~ j\ )
llr t wii-ja'ya N.M. (see under (J l n.f -fc)

•• •

. ma'jid adJ. (f. & pl. o/f l m&'jtdah)

JP » glorious [A~ glory]

_ | mcijoo, majoo-pkal , )j l ma zoo

*• n -m. gall-nut .

majoor' adj. rewarded^fv^l*' 4 ^'^ ‘ in'/l-
* allali' majoor' ho' ha v t be rewarded by
HodlA-vT/]

• ^ ma'cha n.m. large bed (gardner’s)

-j> seaH’olding

ma'chis n.f. match-box match-

i/*v Stick [E]

.Pi much* n.f. dicky , dickey small
Wp bed

jig I niachin' n m. (arch ) Indo-china

ma'khnz n:m. (pl. jjL ma'a'kjtiz) source
I * >‘l take]

taken

arrested

apprehended called to account in

makhooz' aoj.

volved adopted (of article) lifted (from
some paper, etc. ) lA~>/take)
j j ^ ma'dar n.f. mother ma'dar ba'khata'

adj. illegitimate ; bastard mis-
chievous K ma' dar-hha hi kar'ha PH.
abuse someone by making indecent remarks
about his mother ma'dar -zad’ adj. bom

(blind) stark (naked) ^fj'^jjjlma'dar-zad
baraih'nah adj. stark naked ; nude^t
nia'dar-zad ah' dha (or nabi'na) adj. & n.m. borr^
blind l mndaranah adj. motherly (affection,
etc.) ma'dari adj. maternal matri-
archal mother. ^ l } (fj) l ma'dari zaban ' n. k.

mother tongue [P]

• ma'dali n.f. female tj L (>jj nar(-o-)ma'dah
n m. male and female [P]

0 }\t Ma'dali n.m. matter body root
(of word) ; radical letters capacity to
understand ^also l> mad' dare Ulrikh')

chronogram U&'&Vijlmad'da-e larikh ' nikal'na

v.t compose a. chronogram ( of) %S^/, t jk tmord' da-
paras' l n.m. materialist adj. materialistic
£-4.mad'da patasta'nah-AD}. materialistic e » 1
mad' da-paras' H adj. materialism l

nmd'di adj. materia] materialistic l
maddiy'yai n.f. materiality substance
materialism IA]

madiyah n.f. mare [P]

• a

..j I maddiy'yai n.f. (see under

‘‘ N.M. *)

(JjL r "“' lia ^ N M- AD J- model’ [E]

j mar n.m. (lit ) snake; serpent >A mar-e
J astin' n.m. foe in friendly guise
mar'-guzi’dah adj. & n.m. snake bitten (person)
oyf jl mar'-moh'rah n.m. jewel supposedly found
in serpent’s head and used as antidote for nakc
poison ; toadstone [P]

.. , mar' na v.t. beat ; drub; give a beating;
v Jr* giye a hiding ; thrash use third degree
methods hit ; strike hurt at , strike at
shoot (gun) kill win defeat rain ;
destroy mar mortify embezzle ;

usurp ; withhold (something) wrongfully
sting (of male) copulate ; fuck oxidize
(metal) J <• mar n.f beating striking

hit ; stroke range (of missile) severity

curse soil; a rich black loam L HOfjl mar' bhoga'na
v.t. put to rout put to flight
mar' baitk'na v.t. beat hit ; strike
embezzle , withold wrongfully C^A mar’ par' na
v.i. be beaten be under cause Amar'
pitjIffijjlmar'dkar'N.T drubbing- fighting
affray mar' fit'chbz sahvar' ph.

patch-up j j? mar' de na v.t. kill beat
to death t/j l mar' dal'.na v.t. kill murder

(of woman) ravish someone with one’s beauty;
make someone mashed on (oneself) mar '

rqkh'na v.t. withhold wrongfully usurp I'Ujt
mar' khd'na v. be beaten I'tJjl mar' gira'na v
knock down C])jl mar' lu'na v r, kill and
bring obtain by plunder jl mat’ le'tia v.t.

withhold wrongfully ; usurp (of male)
copulate I j l mar a adj. & adv. beaten
struck down smitten killed ruined ;

undone lost spoilt n.m. loamy soil L'b tjl
ma'ra ja'na v.t. be killed be lost ,be
ruined be undone yL IjL ma'r.o~mar n.f
ado bustle varied and toilsome efforts
adv. with much ado with a burned effort
lygl/lljlfirn'ra ma'ra thir'na vi knockabout

i)/A

558

J*-

aimlessly \;f ) l I>1 mar a mat ker'nav.r. & i.
bustle about try one’s best
ma'roon ^fckt'na phon'tt ankk PH. irrelevant reply;
etc.

JM mar' lot n.m. mortello , turn-screw [Pg.]

Z. iL mar'ch n.m. March march
nmr'ch past n.m. march past
mar'fh kar'na v.i. march [E) . _.

.1 & . marshal-la n.m. martial law 4 ZojrDJrth
”U mar' shot la hukoo'mal n.f. martial law

regime or administration [E]

fjh

mar'kah n.m. brand trade mark

- ma'roo n.f. name of a musical mode n.m.
'?J * kettledrum warlike musical instru-
ment n.f. name of a musical mode adj; large
(brinjal, etc.)

mar 00 1' n.m. name of legendary angel

I mare adv. for ; for the sake (of)
on account (of) owing (to) ^,^4 Jl. rJj*.
bkaok (etc.) kt mare, mu' re bhook'

(etc.) kt aov. owing to hunger (etc.) [ ~ Cjl )

>1 rna'ra ADJ. (f. tf^lma'ri) weak; lean -
languid

md, - i n'.f. gruel starch

}j t md '^°° N r M. I®" 1 ' a * f.k N.M. ★)

y mas (/^Lmatis n.m. (dial.) flesh
kJ * meat l£y (/l was' nock' Ha v.t. claw ;
mangle

mas' tar n.m. (usu. as stas'Dir ji)

yT m master ; teacher [E]

/ . nfh'sikah n.f. focus power of
* retaining food in body jZ'lgl&d truq'ta-t
mo'sikah n.m. focal point [A]

ma'st n.f. (dial.) aunt ; mother’s sister

Af mash n.m. kind of vetch mash’

sjr^ kl dal n.p. pulse made from it
modi' mar’ no v.t. cast vetch (on someone) with a
malignant charm

capricious

y. mo' l i n.f. & adj. past mo’ 1 1

(jT'* thlimo'li, matt shak'kiylyah n.f.

past conditional ma'zi(-r) istimro'ri

n.f. past imperfect ; past continuous
ma’Zi(-r) ba'id' n.f. past perfect J ma'ti(-t)

tom anna’i n.f. past optative nia'&(-e)

qatih’ n.f. present perfect t ma'zi(-c)

mul'laq n.f. past indefinite t ma'ziyah adj.
(f. & pl.) past [A - tf*'* went)

1 makool' n.m. eatable dish (for
UJ * meal) ; victual makoolal' n.m

pl. eatables; victuals C/LrJy^Cip/i ma'koolat-o-
mashroobut' n.m. pl. dishes anti drinks
makiyah n.f. hen [P J

utA

magh n.m. . eleventh month of Hindu
JP * calender equivalent to January
ifyd magh.' noii'gi batsakh. bkoo'ki prov.
always poor

1 / mal n.f. (also Ji(f&~£diar'kju ki mal)
0 * distaff string

t tf mol suf. rubbed trodden Jl malt
Q* suf. rubbing trampling [P~ tfjjk]
f /, mol n.m. (pl. Jlfl amual') stock
O'* wares goods cargo riches ; wealth
property dainty ; dainties lovely person
revenue; land revenue Cl)ljk mal' ura'na
v.t. squander wealth feed on dainties

jl mal' bar-dor' johaz n.m. cargo vessel
tf-W’ mo'l-e harnm’ n.m. unlawful acquisitions
-* L * j xli mal'-kha' nuh n.m. treasury jtjjl maf-
ixr adj. rich ; wealthy moneyed tfjljt-mal’-da'H
n.f. riches wealth wealthiness (frVjh

mal'-za'di n.f. whore ; bawd ma'l-t

halal' n.m. legitimate earnings
‘ a rab pe'sh-t 4 a’rab prov. the best" custodian of
one’s property is one’e own seif mid-t

gharri' mal n.m. booty mol-t ghair ■

manqoo'lah N.m. real estate ; immovable property
iZfjjs, t mal' ko bahd-o-bas' t n.m. revenue
settlement tfstf'jL mol-ga'ri n.f. goods train mal-
gngar' n.m. landholder mal-gizo'ri n.f.

land revenue revenue assessment
mal-mar'no v.T. swindle • embezzle
mal’-mas’t adj. & n.m. (one) proud of one’s
wealth Jfy^uk mal-e masroo'qah n.m- stolen
property tSjirjb ma'l-e m ft n.m. something got
without effort mu ft ii'l-t bt-

raih'm prov. ’ money got without effort is swiftly
squandered Jytyl mal-e manqoo'lah n.m. mov-
able property mol-t vaq'f h.u. endow-,

ment fr&jiflnia'i-o-mata" n.m. money and
effects riches ; wealth (J l lo-va'ris mal’

n.m. unclaimed property escheat
matroo’kah mal n.m. evacuee property
legacy ; bequest JllfL ma'lo-mol adj. rich adv
replete (with) abounding (ip) pfjLltt mo' la-

559

&

mat kar’na v.t. enrich dr^-maUi adj. financial
pecuniary fho/f sal n.m. financial

year .Jl ms'liyah (ped. miUg’yah) n.m. land
revenue L maliy'yat N.F. cost value
maliy'yati adj. costly adv. costing [A]
iJl mal'-rod' n.f. the Mall [E]

ma'ljf n.f. (dial, m.) rosary ; string of
beads garland necklace Infill
ma’li pher’na v.t. tell one’s beads

mat' li n.f. a kind of jasmine

ma’li

<?i

i^i

nta/'ta n.m. orange [E]

mal'sirl n.f. name of a musical mode

S.J ma itsh n.f. massage nausea

( Jr " malizh kar'na v.t. & i. mas-

sage feel nausea [P ~ t ]

/. ma'lik n.m. owner proprietor
master lord husband God
(lyi )C0t~4fl ma'lik batin' na (or kar'na) v.t.
empower make someone the owner (of) x&H
malika'nah adj. proprietary adv. like an owner
n.m. allowance paid by tenant annuity or
allowance paid to onsted tenant fyy * l
milika'nah rusoom’ n.f. proprietary dues [A~«^]
malkaus n.m. one of the major modes
U r * of national music connected with late
winter

ma'lan n.f. (see under J l n.m. if)
maloof adj. loved (native country)

ts/t

• gg maivqj adj .

^ ma'tt n.m. gardener g/l ma'lan n.f.

'Ji

woman gardener female member of
gardener’s family

ma'ti n.m. -Jl ma'liyah n.m. iJ^I mnliy'-
yat n.f. J^l maliy'yati adj. (see under

★)

I / Wi maHkhoo'liya n.m. (arch.) melancholy
[A~G]

j| mati'dah n.m». bread mashed in butter
* and sugar ; mashed bread
piece of woollen stuff [~P ©uJl]

ma'ma n.m. (col.) mamma ; mummy
mom [E]

ma'ma n.m. (dial.), (f l ma'mi n.f.

(dial.) (see under jyL ma'mooh n.m. if)
ma'ma n.f. maid-servant

ma'ma pukh'tariyah kka'na ph. be attended

softened

H

U

'a

by servants; lead a comfortable life L l
mn'ma-ga'H n.f. maidservant’s job
.** , mam’ta n.f. motherly love , maternal
affection mam'ta tkah'di raih'na

v.t. of mother be happy in the sight of her
children Csl mam'ta tkah'dl kar'na v.i.

(of mother) look affectionately on her child
(Jjllf mam'ta ki ma'ri apj. driven by love
for her child

S. ma'man (or madman) n.m. place of safety ;
w * haven [A- ]

> I mamoor' adj. appointed com-
, manded ; commissioned detailed for
duty JuHg/l/S l mamoor' mitt-allah’ n.m. one com-
missioned by God ; prophet 1 mamoor’

ho'na v.t. be appointed be entrusted (with
a duty) [A ]

^ mamoori adj. safe ; secure [A— J

ma'mooh n.m. maternal unde
L/s* ma'irA, mama' ni n.f. maternal aunt
maternal uncles’s wife

mah (rare l ma)
mafi bap n.it. PL.
parents patron jl mah' btd'han kar'na

v.t. abuse (someone) by casting aspersions on
his mother and sister l Ujl mah'-ja’ya n.m.
uterine brother own* brattcr Irifb mah~ja"l
Jiflt ma-jV’N.F. uterine sister* own sister
■2 — iU mah’ sc. ciyi'-
dah ffoa'ht pka’pka kut'rti kaihla^’c prov. a show
of too much affection is a cause of suspicion
CjZjrrfjt. mah’ ka doodh sa'majhna v.t. usurp
something tV/<Jl mah mar’ ja'na v.i. have a
shock for one’s vanity J l mah' ma’rt
ma'siji'yt prov. an aunt is no less affectionate
than the mother

m3* n.m. pride arrogance : conceit ;
vanity confidence ; faith (diaL)
respect tfjtf l man' rakk’na v.t. have confidence
(in) py” left man kar'na v.i. be vain ; give one-
self the airs

n.f. mother k-'l^jk
father and mother

mah'jka n.m. paste mixed with ground
glass and applied, to kite string wear-

ing of marital kit vJgdtLt, mahjic baitk’na v.i.
don on untidy dress won on die eve of marriage
fjfl if ma'hjka kajo'ja n.m. marital dress
manjk'na v,t. cleanse

l^l n.f. female member of boatman's wife

moh'jkl W.m. boatman mfi'jhtn

m n&fid adj.

* tarnished

dutl dim faint
eclipsed Jil maiid' par'
be tarnished be cclip-

jann v.i. lade be tarnished he eclip-
sed

• i mafi'dah adj. left ; weary ; remaining
* tired , weary left ; remaining
(f (jj, l mati'di) ill ; indisposed suf. tired
left J>'l mah'dagl n.f. fatigue ; weariness
illness indisposition suf. being left over

>«i matid n.m rice-water
Jh w

i b> >1 mafi'da n.m.
# (on eyeball)

a kind of pancake

/ ma'nas (ped. mantis) n.m. (dial.) human
U ^ being bka'la-ma'nas n . m .

eenlleman bloke ; guy

J) i ma'no’ n.m. hinderance impediment
& obstacle mane' a’na (or ho’ ns.)

v.t hinder obstruct be an obstacle (in
^th e v/ay of)

£ mafig n.f. a line on head
where hair is parted

tjf/mfiag' S’jarna v.i. be widow- wff jff*
rdtO&ljCoJjfbmaiig' bans’ m (or f p : _ , A?

nik&l'na v . t . part the hair
(old use) do one’s hair

mafig' bkar'na v.t. fill parting live of hair
with red-lead or pearls (fig-) give (a going
woman) away in marriage ^J;\, maftg'-bha'ri
n.f. married woman favourite wife
mcitg pat' H n.f. braiding doing one’s hair
make up pat' ft .met la'ga

raih'na v. take a long time in make-up
rating' -j a' li N.F. widow Ij ls-£&L ms fig’ saftvar'rui
v. braid the hair Cpj Jj'tjGl mafig' kookh'

so thuh’di raih’na v.i. (of woman) enjoy a happy
married life and be blessed with children
mdhg' khul'nn v.t. (of girl) have her fiance
dead

. t J?, mafig' na v.t. beg borrow demand
“ pray seek girl’s hand in marriage
(for one’s son, etc.) uC-\. mafig n.f. demand

regular ^source of income /£*■ min go hs ahj.
man go hi) borrowed

- . man'ma! n.f. hullabaloo ado ; find
V (Clf Imari mat knr'na (or moeha'na)
v.i. make much hullabaloo
... man'na v.t. accept confess

* acknowledge agree (to) , assent (to)

concede; grant suppose believe obey
comply with (instructions, etc.) /ft ma'na hr
int. granted ; I concede ; l admit j/ij* tff, * tfl
(jiff man' na man' main te'ra mehmdn ' n.f. foust-
ing oneself upon another. J l ma'no Int. (arch.)
believe me

*'L n, iinaiid’ (col. mamhd') adj. like [P~ cbtl>)

ma'no n.f. (nurs.) pussy Jr jL ma'no bil'ti
* n.f. (nurs.) pussy-cat

A rnanoos' adj. friendly ; intimate
L> dr *, attached ; familiar (with) used (to)

•ai mart, ij l ma'ni ji n.f. (dial.) gover-

C? ness (A— </' uns]

lit miivA MM * condensed milk sub-

1 stance

f*li ( or cf> 1 ) ma'va, n.m. shelter ; asylum
,J> resort (jfjL ma'ljo~o-maoa tr.fi.

shelter and asylum (fig.) patron [A|
i mah n.m. (cont. as ^ mah) moon
® month gU al mah' ba mah' adv. monthly
fjl gk mah'-pa'i'nh, ijl sSmah'-pii'rak adj. hand,
some (person) n.m. beloved; sweetheart I
mdh-tab ’ , wp mshtab' n.m. moon moon-
light mah-ta'hi, mahta'bi N.F. kind

of firework cloth embroidered widi starry
pathern fenced terraced mah' (or

maffy-jabif:, rna-V (or mah')-rukh

mtih’ -roo, jj j ^ mnh-roo' glmah (or mahy

si'ma , mah, (or mah)-tal'‘at, $

mah' (ct mak)-!aqa\fJj(^ij t l,mah‘ (or mah)-vash
adj. exqu’sitely beautiful "*n.m. beloved ; sweet-
heart l rnah'cpah n.m. ensign metallic
moon on top of ensign (J\jj »t ma'h-e ravah' n.m.
current month J" el mn'h (or ma'h)-e kamil

betrothal (rare) fiance n.m. full moon mah (or ma'h)-e kan'ah'

mahg' tetg' kar km (hati'na v. to beg, borrow or NM - Joseph i _J^ > .iy a l.ma h (or mah)-t

steal ; to tide over a difficult period somehow nakh shab n.m. artificial moon made by political

t'l/C&w& rnskg' mg' kar kha'na v.i. live wizard * Muc l an ' na! vvho 15ved at Nakhshab jbf l

bv begging be forced to beg or borrow mah' -oar' adj. & n.m. monthly (jjtjfl mtih'-ian

mafig' le'na v.t, borrow tj mafig' ho'na v.i. adv. per mensem n.f. inenses ; mcnstral cycle
be in. demand l^fjf^J.V’MmSfi'ge m'ge par } i t maha'nah adj. &\adv. monthly

giiia'ra ho’na v.i. be forced to borrow ; have no, mahiya'nah n.m. (arch.) monthly salary [PJ

561

^ m&hir A.jpj & n m., ( pl ij-SJ l mahirln ped.
si i-i. yf me' hat oh \ expert master
(of) adept.; skilful skilled (in) pref -ist
K /! yfl mahir he na v i. be an expert (in)
mahir-e nr’iyyat' n.m. geologist
mah'ir-e al'sirfah n m master of languages
tna'htt-f Inaniyyat n.m linguist Cele^J^ma hxr-e
ta’limat' n.m. educationist ; educationalist
mahn-t lioshnyyat' n.m entomologist
if mahir-e khitsoo'si n.m specialist

ti'jUe ^lma'hir-e tabVyyat' n.m physicist

•Z'tS'bi’l/flma'htr-e ish'aiyyal nm radiologist
C/Ctjfybma'hit-t haivaniyya!' n.m zoologist

mahir-r 'il'm-t kimiya' n.m. chemist
sjl ni hir-e nabatiyyat' n.m. botanist

inaoir-e ma ashiyyat n.m. economist

.‘ri'V mahir-e nafsiyyat' n.m psvchologist

fA~ Oylfl ^

ma'hi n.f fish i-* ma'hi-e ab'

0 < ADJ. (fig.) restless ; uneasy ma'hi-

push't n.m a kind of embroidery looking like
fish-bone tj ma' hl-ta ua n.m. fish-frying pan

mahi-khar n.m. cormorant ^ (f l rna'hi-
gir n.m. fisherman ma'hi-gi'ri s'k. fishing

i \y* if/ 1 mahi mar a' lib n.m. insignia of honour
carried before princes, etc. [PI
* * I ma'hiyal n.f. nature intrinsic value

*■»■£** real worth essence (A- (, what

+ »*J

^ ^ ma" e' n.m. & adj fluid , liquid [Aj

jfi ma'i! adj. fond (of) towards

U ma"tl kar'na v.t persuade (A1

ma"tl kar'na v.t persuade [A]
£ ma'oof adj. afflicted

m 8 [A’

’3i

ma'oof adj. afflicted (of bodily
organ faculting. etc.) not function-

ma 'i n.f maid-servant ok! woman
mother

ma"l adj see under l

u maya nf (dial. | wealth illusion fS]

••

y 1 . may oo s' adj. disappointed des-
U Jy pondent frustrated chagrined
mayoos knr’va v.t disappoint ;
frustrate ^ mayoos' -hup adj hopeless
mayoos' -kun atsdai n.m. hopeless
manner L'jr^r' jft mayoos' ho'tia v.t. despair
iof) . be disappointed (with) be frustrated
be chagrined (fj l mayoos i n.f disappoint-
ment despair despondence ; air of des-
pondence frustration chagrin !A~

foreign

i ma'yah n.m stock ; capital cause (of •

~ jfet maya-e na’ cause ol pride (to)
v l firo-mayah adj. base mean (Pj

~ .y mubah adj. permissible lawful
u: tUTij mubah rakk'na (or sa'mujkna) v.T.
permit . allow , regard as lawful I'X&ls mjbah'
kar'na v t make lawful , legalise fA - ^ril\

. . „ mabahu n.m (pl. of , n m ir )

&r\s

£ muba' hasah m debate discussion
miba hasah kar'nn v l
debate ; hold debate discuss [A - dS. }

■ ma-ba'da , j'ljL-^ma-ba'da ir adv |P~ (

no, , be) '

M . muba' daral n.f expedition vieing

with hastening (towards) [A]

. . muba dalah n.m. exchange Darter

— -f m tba'dalnh kar'na v.i. ex-
change JslSjj za r-e m rba'daiah n.m loretgn
exchange (A - )

I . rnaba'di mabadiyyai n.m hi,

0*. fundamentals first principles

elements rudiments [A ~ OJjt)

‘,1a muba'nz n.m. warrior cfiallengcr
• djjls muba’raiat n.f. single combat

(rare) challenge l>bjyUpfjda'‘val-e miiba ratal J e - M
v t. challenge someone to single combat [A]

I i . mubardk"b.P congratulation; felicitation
. adj. lucky ; fortunak auspieiou.v
blessed int. (also f t Jyp nubarak ho) con-
gratulations bless you OtJj^muba'rok^'na
•v.t. congratulate Ojly muba'rak mil'na v.t
be congratulated Vje muba'rak ho'na v.i. be
lucky (for) muba'rak bad n.f congratula-

tion ; felicitation int. congratulations
maba'rak-bad kaih'ni \. T. congratulate (ftb
muba rak-ba dl n.f. congratulation marital
song CtffJlsyCls muba rak-ba diy ah garta v.i
s * n 8 tf'-'lf muba’raki n.f. (col.) same as c/>u-
n.f. * (A~4S'Cf blessing)

*> Aj* muba'sharat n.f. sexual intercourse
. copulation (rare) (of stripped

couple) fondling 5*\i£,JrlSrmba‘ shatal-e fab, shah
n.f. copulation muba'sharal kar'na v.t

have sexual intercourse (with) ; (of male) copul-
ate (with) [A]

maba'ligh n.m. (pl. of & mob’iagh <*)

» ti * tnuba'lafhah fcm. exaggeration
^ « hyberbole /yf jtHs mtibu lagha-ara ’* ■- *

562

Jis

exaggeration V/^f^miba'tafhai kar’na

(or se kam’ Wits) v.t. exaggerate use
hyperbole* [A)

*.< mabari n.m. pl. buildings ; structures

(j, [A -SING. (f*? ]

m . mUbahaf n.f. pride contenting
t’-'' l y* for glory ^^j^ffakKr-o-nuibakaf
n.m. price and glory

. muba'halah n.m. mutual imprecation to
prove truth of one’s point [A]
mub'tadu n.m. subject (of predicate or
w proposition) ^ y mub' tada-o-tha'bar

n.m. subject and predicate [A~ /.£/ ]

. •*, mub'tad n.m. beginner novice ;
(✓-A*rT tyro young scholar; beginning student
[A- ty)

|.*V, "fcb'tazal k dj. trite (idea or expression);

(phrase) worn threadbare (A ~ Jljs \ }
.*V, mubtaW adj. suffering (from)

afflicted (with) involved (in) dis-

tressed ; distracted ; unfortunate ; enamoured
captivated ; enthralled [A - it? I ]

^ V mab'has n.m. (pl. ilSlsmabahu) point
at issue topic [A ~

. mab'dn n.m. source ; origin ; fountainhead
!js mab'da-t fail' fountainhead of
bounty ; God’s grace (A ~

1 ^, mUbad-'dal, adj. changed vJju'mB bad’ dal ba
adj. changed into mbad'dal

min' -hi ph. case in apposition

1 + m * ba *' zir *»•**• ( PL - mibaztirin")

spendthrift [A- ]

(.V* mabiaol' adj. given devoted ; bestowed
tavaj'joh mabiool’ kama
(or fara'na) v.t. call attention to devote

attention (to) ; attend (to)

4 mubar’ra adj. free (of or from) ex-
empted (from) innocent (of) [A- (fj w ]
mab’roi n.m. anus [A ~ Jt/. ]

mub’rim ~ adj. inevitable ; inexorable
K* qaia-e mub’ram n .f. inevit-

able calamity trouble some person

[A~ ^€<#J

# ^ mabroor' adj. the late ; one who has
■^5/5 found salvation (of pilgrimage)
accepted by God (A- J. )

ttbstof adj. detailed (A- jt-^ )

Xy, mibash'skir n.m. evangelist; one who
A* brings glad tidings mubaih'shar n .m.

one who. has been brought glad tidings

-yftmbas'rir n.m. observer adj. perspicacious

/** [A ~

• ^ mab'oos' adj. sent ; commissioned

(A-

^ *y» mabghooz' adj. object of God’s wrath
C/ . in (someone’s) bad (or blade) books
[A— J***- ]

Jj/ mab'lagh n.m. destination limit

w * quantity ; number coin
ntab'Iofl h 'alai’h is-salam! n.m. Mammon" ’j*#?
mab'lagh-e 'il'm n.m. limits of one’s knowledge
*Z'lit?mabla$hat' n.m. pl. money ; coins
IA~

*j/> mab'ni adj. based on ; founded on n.m.
O * word which is never inflected
/)/ mi'bkam adj. ambigupus ; equivocal

r • ca ~^kij

^ > mabhoot' dumb-founded ; struck dumb

with amazement [A]

t ft mUbah'/A adi, aphrodisiac (A- «l )

tubin' adj. clear ; manifest (A- )

mibafjanah adj. alleged |A~ )

• maf adv. do not ; don't

f *• / tat n.f. sense ; commonsense wit
_ O’ mat' ir'na v.t. advise ; counsel

Cififjl&Smat ma'rl ja'na v.t. loseone’c
senses ; act as a fool become a dotard
„ t.-rmixa'ba'at n.f. doing something in the
manner of ; following [A]
muta'as'sir adj. (f. or pl. tj'&mAta'as'-
saraA) affected impressed afflicted
[A «» J>l)

■ mitd'a'kh'khir adj. following ; coming
' ^ later & mita'akhkhirin' n.m. pl. the

modem ; modem writers ; later [A~ ]

, •* mata’as’sif adj. grieved regretful
y.ZfiS*' repentant ^ti^Omuta'flssifanah adv.
regretfully ; adj. regretful [A- *>*'/]

+ •Vim/j" n.f. (pl. ^>1 am'tt'ah) stock ;

merchandise goods; effects
perty possessions [A]

tita'‘i n.f. temporary wife [~A -^]

asafa'am'im/ adj. hesitant (A- )

pro-

IV

563

miia'n a v.t. cause to make water [ ~

* ^ moot ]

• ,**. mata'nal n.f. gravity [A]

L.*V miia' ah’ hit adj. married n.m. family
Ur man [A- J^l ]
iT» mUtaba'dir adj. easily ; comprehensible

J - f A l

I |> aha' dil adj. (f. & pi.. Jjy'mittaba -
U*; dilah) alternate alternatives

^r~jtjJ>k*mitaba'dUah zd'viye n.m. alternate
angles [A ~t4l

mutaba'yin adj. different [A~ tf\? ]

JjL* mu (abaft' Mr adj. deeply (read) ; great
scholar. [A ~ Jr. sea]

/ — , mutabar'rak adj. holy ; sacred
blessed [A ~ Jy J

m ut abas' sim adj. smiling (face, etc.)

f?-' f A ~ f?)

'_£• mut'tabe ‘ n.m.
S' IA~ ti?l)

follower disciple

mutaban'na adj. & n.m. adopted (son)
( 'S * 1^" mutaban'na kar'na v.t. adopt

(some-some) [ A - ^ / ]

* J^* n&ttj&'vit adj. (one) exceeding (one’s)
« limits adv. more than (is necessary

l A ~^fl

_^^^rn>dtajas'su-AD] . searching (eyes, etc.)

*

mitt' tabid adj. (f. & pl. mt# tahtdah)

united [A~ ji?/]

Yg? mitttffar'rik adj. moving mobile
uj movable vowelized
*!*Jar rik tasa'vir n.f. pl. movie pictures
t-sf Y ffjM'mUtajar'rik adv. inmovable
not having a vowel [A~ oOj

mitahaq'qaq adj. proved [A~ tsV’’]

miitolfam'mil adj.„ patient
siderate [A ~ Jc ]

con-

mitabayyir adj. amazed ; astonished
SZ [A~ ^ J

mitaihas'sim adj. contending
f V mmkhasirnin' n.m. plaintiff "and
defendant c'if’li?' mutckhasimln' n.m. pl. con-
tendere (A ~

matakhil'lis adj. surname ; having the

P 0 * 1 ** 1 surname jf&t al-mUtak/ml'.
at ba adj. surnamed [A - I*]

tJ^mxitakhay'yUak n.f. (also jJ&j q&vvat-e
mUtakkqy'yilah) fancy ; imagination

(A- (jtr]

J / - mutada'rik adj. one who finds a lost
J ’-A' thing n.m. this as name of a prosodic
metre [A- Sy>\

J f — miitada’val adj. (f. & pl. mutadd'-
yjiS '*•

reiigious*minded

valah) current (A)
i •*, mutday'yin adj.

vr [a~ </•>!

. .»• mutazab'zib adj. hesitant fA~ w>>j

*r^ 7 '

/£~ mutazak'karah adj. stated f/**; jl
vV mOtazak' kara-e bald (or ratf'r) adj. afore-
said ; above-mentioned

mit'lar (ped. mit'r) n.m. (dial.) friend $(?<*
s mitra''i n.f., fjy mit'r ta n.f. (dial.)
friendship [S]

* /•> mutaradif adj. synonymous n.m. (pl.

^ l> j Ijy mSinradifat’) synonym [A-

Ojj J

miitarat'tab adj. arranged [A]

f •y mutarjim n.m. translator /iy mu tar jam
C * adj translated ; rendered into other

language. published along with translation

(A —

mutarad'did adj. hesitant (A - if y J

/ai mSlarash'sheb adj. ^apparent ; evident
US drizzling [A ~ gy\

*% mutaras'sid adj. one looking forward (to)
(A- A-y]

mutaraq'qabak sDi, expected .yfSjjP'ghajr-
Yy ntUtbraq' qabah adj. unexpected** [A~
Oilt’j]

If/ mvtaran’nim adj. singing melodious

y pm* mgiurun ni»>

(7 l A ~

• / matrook'

/ ^ matrook ' ( F - & pl* matroo'-kah)
U)y forsaken ; abandoned archaic •
obsolete n.m. (PL.^gjP' matrookat'), JlffylJj
matrook-ul-iste'mal' adj. no longer in use; obsolete
matroo' kah ja" edad n.f. evacuee property A ~ jfjf j
* ,,y mutata”id adj. increasing; multiplying
J^y [A- At'/ -

/ mUtazal zil adj. shaken mao to

0*S tottering ; shaky : rickety [A ~ Jyl's)

. . r, mStasa'ii adj. equal paeF. equi- /yjt>
mutasi'vi-l-azla‘ (col. •«•£/.)
adj. equilateral [A.~£>bts}

■ miita sha'beh adj. like ; similar id
sembling ambiguous n.m. (pl. CWll^

564

mula.*ha'behat') ambiguous verse Holy Quran
mmasha'beh lag’ no v.i. (in recitation of
the Holy Quran) be misled from one place to
another by similarity of verses [A ~ ]

mutaiha' l ir n.m. pseudo-poet [A~

mUtashad'did adj. violent strict

xbaP** muiashad'dida'nah adj. strict
violent adv. strictly violently using

third degree methods

*, uj/ mutashar're 1 adj. religious stiiet

in observance of religious [A «* O*!^]
mutashak'kik adj. & n.m. agnostic

f/d r\ mulashak'kik adj. & n.m. agnostic

< -rr [a~ u? *

mvtashak'kil adj. taking shape (A - Jr ]

r f *T* mutasa dim adj. colliding clashing

^ f»l2\

. •% mutasad'de adj. causing inconvenience ;

hard ache (for) [A ~

•^mitasad'di n.m. clerk_ # . (arch.)
ij-**** private secretary min'shf

tmlasad'dl n.m. pl. clerks and private secretaries
(A- rfju+>)

, •Jymuiasar'rif adj. (one) who usurps

[A- O/']

« A tnut'iasif adj. described [A ~ 1

LjUs inSt'tasil (f. & PL. mut'tasilah) ADJ.
U adjoining ; contiguous. ; adv. conti-
nuously near ; close by [A~ JiJtt]
w mUtasavvar adj. -imaginable coh*

sidered ; deemed Vjfjye&mutasav'var
ho'na v.i. be considered ; be deemed [A~ jt** ]
~ mutazsd' adj. ,, opposite contrary
n.m. {?L.£fbl&mutazadddi') antonym

[a~ ,a] ■

S* muiazarn'mln adj. inclusive [A ~ tj ]

1 . •« miita'd'riz adj. clashing ; conflicting
V* "^reports, etc.) [A-

,. muta'a'raf adj. (f. & PL.St/U^muta’a'-
rafah ) adj. widelyknown self-

evident axiomatic already introduced

usoo’l-e muta‘ s' rafah n.m. self-evident

truths ; axioms [A ~ ]

e*. ••mula'a'qib adj. pursuing sub-
tle sequent [A ~ k-J J) ]

, + mSta'al' adj. exalted sublime

U^[ A~ f]

». thusfa’hid adj. allied ; confederate

-^5* mUla'aj'jib adj. surprised astonish-
ed ; amazed ; wc.iderstruck [A ~ , .&* ]
rf muta'ad'dad adj. numerous many ;
many a a number of jl ’JJ^muta'.ad'dad

bar adv. many a time ; on many occasions

[A- jjJ)

muta'ad'di adj. transitive (verb)
infectious (disease) (/jrfU' v ^muta‘addi-l-
muta‘ad'di N.m. causative l J^yf^jr / muta'ad'di
amraz n.m. pl. infectious diseases ; ''epidemics
[A ~ ]

% muta'ar'riz adj.' resisting ; standing in
the way (of) (A - ]

•muta'as'sib adj. prejudiced bigotted n.m.
bigot [A ~ trf**]

. ‘^mula'af fin adj. stink.' "g [A— if**]

m mula'al'liq adj. counected with ; relat-

( J ing (to) ; appropriate attached (to)

dependent (on) relevant Uo)_ (J** muta'al'-
liq-e Je''l n.m. adverb muia'allia kar'nd

r. t. attach entrust (to) ^U^’muta'alliqif?

n.m. relevant matters adjuncts

muta'alliqat -t fe“l n.m.i adverbial adjuncts
muta'alliqin' n.m. dependents {A ~ ]

muta'al'lim n.m. pupil ; student [A~ ^ J

«•, mu? 'ah n.m. marriage valid for stipulated
period only ; usu. functionary marriage

[A- t&]

•** mutdah'hid n.m. & adj. (one) who enters
into a covenant : (one) who accepts v
responsibility (A - jut* ]

jJJS ntuta‘afyan (f. & pl. mulaay'yanah

adj. appointed fixed determined

'j&s mula'ay'yan kar'na v. appoint
determine Vjf muta'ay'yan ho' ns v.i. be
appointed be dertermined [A - Jfy ]

I , •~fmuta$az'zil n.m. (pl. ji y^mutagbae-
Of* ziHn) composer of odes [A- Jy» ]
^mutaghay'yar (f. & pl. muiaghay'- (

yarah ADJ. changed inconslstam

' . . . f/r . ri rf . Mil

mOtafa'vit adj. different [A~

mutafah'hj adj. searching seeking
if n.m. researcher [A ~ ]

g^SmutofaT'u' adj. branching out [A ~ £,/]

565

*• • ",

os'

s*

•* •’l^mutafar'roq adj. various mis-

\sj~ cellancous scattered ; dispersed

Vj JjS mutafar'raq ho’na be dispersed ; be
scattered ^b^SmulaJanaqal' .n.f. miscel-

laneous items various things sundries

f A ~

m iy* mut'tafq adj. agreeing agreeable

{Jf 2L~IJI£S’mu(’tu{q‘Ur-ra'e adj. (of
persons; unanimous I'le j;J&mut'laJiq ho ja'na
V. agree together unite LVjJwV-^ Jt ' mut'-
tafiq ho'nii v.T, agree (to) see eye to eye
(with) yS mut'tujaq aoj. agreed S iS“
milt’lafaq ’alaih' adj, unanimous decision, etc.)
[A~ ,

mulajak'kir adj. concerned (over) [A~

>

• iy* mulafanm ad|. mischievous craft v

0 [AJ

l~~. mutaqa'bil n.m, ‘pet contra’ opposite

US' adv. lying opposite (A ~ JlHi}

?*.. mulaqaiib adj. convergent ; close n.m.
“"this as name of a prosodic metre

rA~ v yi

If?-* mutaqa'zi adj. demanding wiping

[A~

* » mnlaqad' dim adj. ancient preceding

1 mulaqaddimxri n.m. pl. the ancients

{A- I'JSiJ]

. mittaqash' shij adj. ascetical (one)
living on bare subsistence level

(A - LlaS]

muftaqi n.m. & adj. (pl. c/Smultaqin')
(j pious (person) [A ~ jjf/ ]

S mulakab'bir adj. proud ; haughty ;

arrogant mutakabbirs' nah adj. proud;
arrogant ; haughty adv. proudly; arrogantly ;
haughtily {A ~ Jr]

m&akafjil n.m. bail ; surety [A - J*^]

,'j/p mulakal'lif n.m. & adj. (person) putting
*“-’ 1 someone to inconvenience [A ~ CjS]
mUtakal'lim n.m. (gram.) first person
I schoolman ; scholastic philosopher

a : /'-)

m&tal&'shi adj. .seeking enquiring

(j iS (pseudo- A~P(S^tf’~]
k .» mutalalim adj. stormy (sea)

/■* dashing (waves) [A ~ pjk"]

| ** matia'ns v.i. be sick ; feel nausea r

LIS mbt'li n.f. nausea i'yj > mat'll ho'na
v.i. sick / 1

j ’ Jy mutalaz&e adj. enjoying [A - J

i ty' mstalav'vin vDJ. _ whimsical fickle ;
capricious fytj'/jj'matalav'vin-mizaj adj.
fickle-minded [A ~

/y» mat'li n.f. (see under fjpe ■£)

‘utaiHo'sil adj. similar , identical

' !*' ^1

niutamcit enjoymvf; availing oneself

>/ (of) nrutanwtUc' ho'n a y.t. enjoy ;

avail oneself (of) [A- err

nrutamad’ din adj. civilised cultdred

OS [A ~ cIM j

*V muiamtir'rid adj. proud ; haughty
VC refractory ; wayward [A - .Jp ]

JS miilamak'kin adj. occupying ; seated
Or ^ strong : powerful [A - ^ ]

Jr mutant' mutt n.m. one who completes
J complement [A~ ("U ]
tf mvlaman'ni desirous (of)[A~ &]

_ 'Is mutamau’vij adj. (o_f waters) surging ;
Us billowing [A~ ]

J p* mutamav'vil adj. rich ; wealthy ; affluent

> [A- j/]

mutamny'yiz adj. distinct [A]

wij/'n n.m - (pl. tfs* mutoori) text [A]

oT ^

nwt'na IS mulo'ra n.m. child who wets
bed ( ~ &y moot]

fJjjS miliaria za' adj. (f. & pl. SCs-mutana-
U za'ah) disputed ; controversial fcP*
mulatto! za‘ ah fih' adj. (wrong but current form
for mulatto.' za 1, fih') controversial; dis-

puted (point) at issue [A~

mii land ' s *b AD J- proportionate [A

* #• f

mutanaqiz adj. opposite ; contrary
ifl-T? mu tana,' hi adj. extreme terminated

i A ~ pO' 1

mutanab'bi n.m. pseudo-prophet (A ~ (J. J

*/y mutanab’bah adj. warned cautious
mulanab'bah kar'na v.t. warn
caution S' m iilanab' bah Mni v.r. be

warned w ake up to danger, etc. (A ~ S’ J
mitlahj an n.m. sour-sweet rice dish

.•ytnulanaf'fiT adj. _ disgusted with re-
pugnant [A ~ j? ]

566

VjJ» m'atanaf'fi* n.m. individual [A — 4/-*)

„ m. mutavalir adv. repeatedly con-
/i Jr tinually continuously [A" }\J ]

ADJ. parallel

0 J '* mutava' zi-l-azla 1 ’ adj. & n.m. qua-
ri lateral (figure) mutavs' zi-s-ssqain'

adj. A N.M. isosceles (triangle) [A]

JP . *» mulava'zt' ADJ.. hospitable (rare)
O'* modest (A ~ ]

•»* matoa'la adj. (f. Vmalvaii) drunk;
j) v intoxicated fond (of ; ; in love (with)
t/f "Mtra' I a Mrs v.i. be drunk; be
intoxicated be fond (of)

1 S mutass'tl adJ. continuous ; successive ,
V recurring (A ~

m* muttwaj'jth adj. Attentive turning
'v' towards (Oft i jl'/^y^mutavajjeh kar'nd
(or kara'ns ) v.t. call - or draw (someone’s) atten-
tion ^j^mUtavaj'jeh ho'na v.t. attend to ;

to turn the attention to address (someone)
turn one’s face (towards) ; attention to pro-
ceed (to-wards) [A - yy ]

Lj'mVUaDah' kith adj. desolate (place)

* terrified person scared away
unfriendly [A - jyj} *

£ y/ tnutmiu’rt' adj. pious [A~ J

^ yf mQ/ovtrr'rem, adj. swollen [A ~ fjj)

*• rriutavas'sit adj. middle medium;

medium sized middling mediocre

(jAipSy'mutvas'sit-ul-hsr adj. (member) of
middle class [A- j^J J

rr.ulavas'sil adj. (person) who regards
U * someone as his intercessor with God

(A~ <fs)

- A mutavat'tin adj. & n m.
habitant [~ J

native

A?

« m itavaf'Ji adj. (ped. 'j jA mutavaf'fa)

O* deceased [A~

2 "J/ mjtavaq'qe' ad. expectant ; anticipating
O' V/; £* jsjnalavaq' qe‘ ho'na V.t. expect
anticipate y'jnutavaq'qa' adj. expected
anticipated fy g mutavaq’qa' ho'na v.i
be expected be anticipated
«'•*,» muiavak'kit adj. resigned to the will
(✓ ■ ' of God resigned to fate ; resigned

i*- Jj\

<>*> n.m- & adj. (same as & n.m. &

hr adj. *)

, mulaval'lid \dj. bom (A- Aj J

j)r

i tnuiaval'li n.m. trustee (A)

or

matavak'him adj. doubtful ; distracting ;
p r apprehensive ; scrupulous (A - p!7 ]
mat’ Iks n.m. (sac as n.m. *)

Vr mat'tka-pkutav'val n.f. nodding acquaint-

ance

1 *• M.

Or N.F.- (*«*

maths' ni ^n.f. same as
under v.t. ^)
mul'laham adj. accused [A~ J

.,*/> matk'ns v.t. ground (Some-
s'*' thing) saucepan knead

cover (fish, etc.) with dough or

paste n.m. crusher matk'rti,
maths' n: n. f. crushing rod ; crusher
‘y* mi' a n.k. (dial.) day of matu-
0 rity (of bill of exchange, etc.)
mi’lt kg'ta n.m.. discount (on bill of exchange

mutayaq qan adj. certain , ascertained
t/f [A- y&f]

* matin' adj

rope

0>

/ V matin' adj. grave ; serious (fire)
O'* solid ( S fc'(J?hab'l-e matin' N.F. strong
(fig.) true faith {A~ cA& }
mutapa n.m. fatness ; plumpness , corpul-
ence lAvS'lC* mUia'pa charh’ns v.i. grow
fat L - tV 3

• ,t> mils' ns v.t. destroy obliterate
v O' efface bring to an end rub off ; erase
L‘ lx* r’f-t gh 'alat ki lar'h. mita'ns
ph. obliterate mita'ns

v.t. obliterate ' ^

n.f. thickness [~ty J

> u A mTit hhir n.f. (same as yf^matk Hut

★) > "

> ■ rna'tar n.f. pea ; peas tf/Sma'tar rj adj. small
y^(eyes)

sfp. ma'tar-gasht n.f. ramble V
g a sht kar'na v.t. ramble
^ Pm malar mu’ tar adv. (look) with astonished
// eyes ; with amazement
a ma'tak n.f. (see under fc^v.i. if)

<^»ma«'A:a n.m. large earthen jar (£*
mat’ ki n.m. earthen jar
.•/% matakna v.i. move with dalliance

ma'tak n.f. mincing gait; j

dalliance JiLX?ma!tak kar with dalliance jr
adv, ma\ak' ko n.f. (col. woman who walks with

ys ma tar-

567

IX

move

dalliance C&'matka'na V.t wink
(part of body) with dalliance
i£>mit"na v.i. be destroyed become extinct
be obliterated be effaced be rubbed
off , be erased come to an end
kfmatk n.m. (H dial.) convent ; monastery
~ indigo vat

* mufabher’ n.f (same as n.f. -fr)

i ha n.m. dense butter milk ad;, (of
person) slow

^ymut'fa n.m. sheaf handle hilt
'-arder’s cudgel

j< tjbmufar'na v t knead well press with
fists give a round shape (to) talk with
a relish fj&'j&tHufar' mu }kar' i car ad*, (talk)
with a relish

^jjptntiihax' n.f. sweetness ( -

■'ll Kmitfia'i n.f. sweets , sweetmeat ; confec-
lion ( - \Jr£ j „

/H/m'fi rj N.F. sweet-saltish biscuit
yf mithriyafi n.f. pl. infahts hiccups
t y.mifaoo'na adj . with little salt t£ y +

Atmii'fao n.m. (nurs ) poll; parrot tajka-

* live child

N -F- (nurs.) kiss mif’thi de'rta

\J v.i (of child) let someone kiss (kind )
mit'thi le'na v.T. (nurs) kiss
..My mu fa la n.m. (vul.) masturbation^ M.J*''
vy* mutho le mar'nav.i. i vul.) masturbate
p-mutihi n.f, fist hand fill

fj far' no v.t. massage ; press body with

hands for massage I'/Af'mut'tki gar'jn kar'na
v.t. bribe : grease the palm (of) fyff'mut'thi
men ho nay i. be under (someone’s) influence;
be under the thum (of) If'mutk’y a n.f.
handle hilt thick end of stick carder’s
cudgel

p, mat ft. (or mit'tl) n.f earth soil clay
IT dirt (fife ) dead body mat'ti ura'r, a
v raise dust vf ( j)i t l^Y , f

mat'ti harbad' (or palid' br kharaV or kharj kar'na
v.t. disgrace scandalize make a fool
(of) ; make a buti of ridicule

Vf, O'fi mat'ti bar bad (or palid' or *kharab' or
—*’1 j?." 4 *,** be disgraced be scanda-
lized l gJ off max tj tkila'ne laga'na v.t. per.
fiwm funeral rites (of someone) properly £

& mat'ti duka'ne lag'na v.i receive proper burial

w

k* mat' ti d/rta v.t. cast dust (into someone’s
grave) during burial O l?f mat'ti dal'na
v.t. forgive and forget hush up let go
with a curse mat'ti dha'na v.t. carry loads

of earth Vf'/.ffmat'ty <t*U' kar'na v.t. give
proper burial mat'ti ka put' la (or

pit! jar) n.m. (fig.) ’mortal coil human
being ifcl/Jr'mat'fl ka tel’ n m kerosine oil ;
petroleum matti ka ‘it'r n.m. essence of
clay l mat'ti ka gha'ra
bhi fahk' baja' kar le'te haift prov. a buyer
thoroughly.examincs the wares before purchase
Iff mat'ti ka madko n.m. fool; dunce
dummy ; non entity if f mat'ti kar'na v.t.
ruin squander ; fool away (one’s money)
spoil tZ'jSj&'mdl'H ki moo'ral n.f. clay figure
(fig.) mortal coil Jy ff mat' ti ke mol adv.
very cheap Qlfd-f mat'ti le dal'na v.t. pay
frequent visits (to the house of) l>jt (j£ fmat'ti
meftlot’na v. roll in dust I'lh yZtf'mai’th out,
mila'na v. spoil mat. disgrace ruin
bring to nought bring about the death (of)£ /
tV Cf Jl mat'ti mek mil ja'na v.i to be spoiled
be marred be ruined be disgraced'
die l'lfjf($ / ’mat'ti ho ja'na v.i. labour under
hard conditions come to dust \grow weak
become worthless ffmat'ya n.f. small pitcher
adj. clay earthen earthwork dust-
coloured &S.U'mat'ya-bBt'j n.m. clay tower t**
Cr*4 mat'ya-pkoofts adj. decrepit n.m. very old

person y^fmat'ya-fas adj. lazy;
f mat' ya-tnahaV n.m. habitation A

indolent

to dust be rubbed
lamp) be extinguished

maty ar'

n.f. clayey soil young vtoman adj. dust-
coloured Hit' maty a' la adj. dusk-coloured
ft*' maty ana v.i. come
with dust (of
turn a deaf ear

mafab ' n.m. resort sit. resorting (to) (A]

*

i.UMisai' n.f. example ; instance solved
1/ '"'exercise parable saving ; proverb

(platonic world of) ideas Meal

misal de'na (or pesh kar'na) v.t give an
example quote instance cite a precedent
relate a parable ‘a'lam-e misal' N.m.

plotonic world of ideas JCeinisa li adj. ideal
model (A]

^l~thasanah n m. bladder [A]

y mis' bat adj positive affirmative

• proved endorsed written {A - Olir]

n.m. weight equivalent to four-and-
'*nalf ‘mashes’ ft — JS]

568

(P

1 & mis' l n.f. (usu. but wrong spelling of (Jr*

U. K F - ★)

r ^ytmis'l adj. as ; like ; resembling (A)

ry mu' sal n.f. (pl. JC’lamsal') saying
U proverb xP* ma'salan adj , for example ; for
instance [A]

. A^soflos n.f. triangle poem with
three lined stanzas adj. triangular
Sjl'jl,lrmusar!as had'd-uz-za'viyah n.f. acute-
angled triangle j}\'Jt/t} l ~JSniusal' las qa’im Hz-Za’
■viyah n.f. right-angled triangle^.pa’j/l^jl^i-*''
musal'tas(-( ) matasa'vi-l-azla' n.f. equilateral
triangle t ^l^^»Uki^'miua/7a.r(-e) miilasa vi-s-
saqairi n.f. isosceles triangle
musal'las(-e) mukh' lalif-ul-azla 1 ' n.f. scalene
triangle masala las{-t) mun’fanj-az-

ZB'viyah n.f. obtuse angled triangle (A~
three]

Ztmus'rnir adj. # fruit- bearing productive;
/ _ fruitful [A ~ y*\

%VSmusam'mint n.m. octagon poem with
(s eight lined stanzas adj. octagonal [A~
eight]

, ,~,mas'uavi n.f. verse comprising couplets
this as verse genre used for narrative poetry
[A~ tjiflor efi]

lAntusan'naH.M. & adj. duplicate counter-

(J foil < if*" mason' nd bth n.m. original (of a
copy [A ~ -**•' ]

I , mujadil adj. contentious J;(/ mujadalah
ijyf N.M. contention struggle dispute

[A" Jm\ .

* > Mujaz’ adj. competent authorised
JV licenced iZStyl/mujaz-e sama 'at,
sSn'ne ka mujsz.’ adj*. competent to hear law-suit,
etc .I’rfjlfV'ka mu jaz’ ho' tin v.i. be authorized to;
be empowered to [A~*P;jr|]

• . . rnajaz' n.f. metaphorical language
J y outward appearance ; shadow (as opposed
to reality) fmajaz-e mar'sal n.m. metonymy
’j^jj^j^ljaqi'qiil-o-mojaZ' N.M.fjfcf majaian adv
metaphorically ; metaphorically speakingly}*'
rnajaz s adj. metaphorical ; figurative
mundane ; worldly [AJ

- [ reward and punishment [A~ l£]

, ynajdl' n.f. power ; ability ; authority
C/fy room ; rakh'nd

(or ko'iiuj v. io have the power’; to have the
ability (to) J nw J<* 1 ' (hai)jo ph.
who dares how can it (A doublet of 0l!%]

JjJ

maja

is'lis N.F. (Pt. of</*w. F . if)

warrior

endea-

^ j..rnuja'lasat n.f. sitting together

CO m party se mtjd'lasaf rakh'n*

v.i. often be in the company of [A

..mujamalatny. kind treatment [A

mvja'ma'at n.f. sexual intercourse ; copu-
lation ; coition 1‘JzZ^VtZ-se muji'ma'tt
kar’na v.F. copulate (with) |A doublet of £>l f]

• rnaj a nabat k.p. keeping away (from) (A —

‘“V't iJlsl

* ,'mujd’nasal n.f. being of the same stock

k l yr,

. » mujavir n.m. attendant (of mosque, shrine,
{/ majaviri n.f. job of mosque (or
shrine) attendance [A ~ jtg }

. , majd'hid n.m. Muslim soldier
J(y in defence of faith crusador
vourer TA~

j m ja'hadah n.m. effort ; struggle ; endea*
bjiy vour [A doublet of ,»Ut]

majboor' adj. forced compelled ; con-
jyf* strained helpless c/jjS mafboor kar'na
v.t. force ; compel ; constrain render help-
less I'/ij/fi majboor ' ho'nd v.i. be forced ; be
compelled ; be constrained be helpless *\}j?
mojboo'ran adv. by force ; under compulsion
helplessly tfjyf- majboo'ri n.f. helplessness ;
powerlessness compulsion'; constraint
iZL majboo'rl kt bat something in which one is
helpless majboo'ri ki bat' aur hai

ph. it is quite different if there is no other way
out A~ ^ ]

, -£ muj'taba adj. chosen ; elect this as
an epithet of the Holy Prophet [A Cfcl]
naj'tama 1 AD[. united ' accumulated

[A~ tft]

s via j' lanib adj. keeping oneself aloof

avoiding ; shunning shirking; hesitat-

■ nt 2 jian'ib rai/ina

V.T.

avoid

ing

c\ ade keep aloof from [-‘t'Wl
.. > muj’tahul n.m. jurist entitled to indc-
Jur- pendent opinion vicar of Shi'ite Imam
[A~^]

maj'd n.m. honour glory [AJ

J

mujad’did adj. revivalist J nHjdd' (iid-c

al'f-c sd'ni n.m.
millennium this cs
Pakistan saint [ ~

rivalist of the second
nufllation of an Indo-

570

aggregate majmoo”i qt'mal n.f. total

value [A ~ ]

.•jmaj'noofi, cijfmajnoon' adj. mad ; insane
Vjr* desperately in love n-.m. appellation
of the celebrated Arab pat-lover Qais of the
Amir tribe’ very loan person [A ~ ]

• Smujav'viz n.m. proposer (of a motion) t'jf.
• mujav'vazoh adj. proposed prescribed

majoo'st n.m. fire-worshipper; Zoroas-
0 ? m terian ; guebre ; Magus ijrfmajoos n.m.
pl. Magi [P]

* Z mijav'vaf adj. concave hollow

vaulted [A ~ <_Xf]

J mujh pron. me / jf.m jhi ko, mu’jhe
jp% pron. me ; to me tf\mkjhi pron. only me
i - majhnoi adj. passive (voice, etc.)
{)yy„ (of vowel or having an open sound ;
open unknown littleknown
majhoo'l-un-na'sab adj. of unknown parentage or
lineage [A ~ cK]

i j* majho'la (f. Jyf'majho'lt) adj. middling
Vjr* n.m. medium-sized utensil for community
cooking

y mu'jhe pron. same as /y<: pron. (see
ida under ^ pron. yk)

Am&jib' n.m. one who responds one
who grants jib-ud-da'vat' adj.

ne who grants prayers ; this as attribute of
God [A ~

Jr majtth' n.f. name of a rooi used red dye

cry (for)

. majid' adj. glorious qur'd'ne majid'

n.m. the Glorious Quran fU^kala 'm-e
majid' the Glorious word for God (A ~ jf ]

I £ maji'Ta, n.m. cymbals

.. * maehan' n.m. scaffolding

.*. > madia na v.t. make (noise) create
> (trouble)

^mudtar'rab adj. fatty (of dish) hav-
• Z? * n g a l Qt of butter content [pseudo A -

6A)

* mach'ka n.m. break ; interruption
looseness cheapness &£mach‘ka

par'na have a break loosen become
cheap

*. /g michka na v t sltut and open (eyes) re-
peatedly and quickly t&jf?ahkh mi (ha nd
v i wink

ma' chak' na v.i. creak quake be

"! rickety

.14? mack' l a adj. (f. math'll) (person)
feigning ignorance designedly silent

maeh' la-pan n.m. being designedly silent
nymuchel'kah n.m. bond recognizance
/**•; muchal'kah hiT'z-e am'n m.m. bond

to keep the peace mudtal'kah nek

(tai'rii n.m. bond for good behaviour [T]

>'l 4 macfid'na v.t. be obstinate (of way*
*•; ward child) roll on the ground cry (for)
persist in

4 ? machmacha'na v.i. be frenzied with

v w*.* sexual urge be excited be in full-/
blooded (youth) ^/'pjjfjff^madima&a'n hu‘'i
la*h n.f. youthful corpse ly£maclimacha'kat
n.f. closing one’s jaws with* force owing to
strong passion

<•> mach'na v.i. (of flames) rage of noise
report, etc.) spread ClJ^mach' vans v.t. (of
noise) cause to be made

.Vf mich'na v.i. (of eye) close Llj^michpa'na
v.t. (of eye) cause to be closed [ —

£ machh n.m. large fish * ma' gar-madX
«^*?n.m. crocodile

/fmach'chhar n.m. mosquito fll/fmach'dlhaT.
fP+da'rd n.f. (wrong but usu. mosquito net
^ rnachh'li n.f. fish Pisces (as sign of
Zodiac) flesh of arm or foreleg car-
drop looking like fish nose-ring like it
machh' It. u'bhar'na v.t. have a well developed
muscle 06 #4 machh' ll fia'kar'na,
rnachh'li ka shikar' kar'na v.t. fish , angle
rnachh'li ka par n.m. fin if rnachh'li ka tel

n m. cod liver oil fish oil ma dth'll

ka faresh' n.m. fish glue machh ’li ks kan-

ta n.m. fishbone (also rnachh'li
pa’kar'ne ka kafi'ta) fish hook /(fj^machh lt
ki tarh ta'rapna ph. feel like a fish out of water
writ lie with agony rnachh'li va'la n.m

fish monger J-f^jIu'ran machhTt n.f skip-jack
fish tfB.ijVtara maMll n.f star fish
machh va n.m. 4 fisherman (dial.) fish-
monger [~4/]

J • /^muchhaH'dar n.m. clown ; buffoon merry*

-A^fandrew person with large moustaches
J? mach'dihi n.f. (dial.) kiss CJji^machhijatt
(/*.* le nd v . t . kiss

d\ macjihail n.m one with big moustache

i-y»

, muhdba nm. leaning (towards'

Lv partiality (for) scruple help aid

571

Ilf be-moka'ba adj. careless aov without
scruples [ ~ A cal/]

•j • mohaz' NvM. (war) front moha’ z-e

_/<rt,g n.m. war front tfitf moija z l adv.
opposite (to) [A]

.. moha' rib adj. fighting n.m. fighter -a/(/
moha'rabah n.m. fight battle war

i/:j\f moharibin n.m pl nations (etc.) at war

i-^l

mahasib n.m. accountant auditor

* ^ fmofia'sib-e a*' la n.m accoun-
tant-general auditor-general ^f\f moha' sabah

n.m. settlement of accounts checking of
accounts ; auditing moha' sabah kar'na

v.t. check, accounts ; audit call to account
(jr'df moha'sibl n.m. auditing adj. audit (A-

,muhaun n.m PL good qualities [A~

'J >

, > moha \arah n.m siege VIZ S o/*& mofa' sarah
uika na v t raise a siege l'J yflf moha' -
tarab kar'na v besiege , lay a siege (to) ;
beleaguer Llf T^^yolf moha'sare men a j ana v.i.
be besieged ; be belcagured [A-jl^fort]
yp^moha sil n.m (pl. of *)

• *,* moha'fu.sM protector guardian

keeper guard (fzfelf moha Jiz-e hatfi'qi
nji. (Cod as) the protector lo JiflfmoKa'Jiz-

kha'nah n.m record roomj^jj jifUmofra Jiz-e

daf'lar n.m record keeper Jiff moha' fizre
Za'tt n.m. body guard &Sif\f moka'jazat n.f.
protection guardianship custody pre-
servation [A~^l>] ..

y^maha'fil n.f. (pl. cr n.f it)

mahafah n m. litter ; palanquine |~A <&]

••i* mohaq n.m. waning of the moon
hj'* last days of lunar month [A]

m /ynohakat' n.f reproduction or imitation

(as literary device) account of loving
couple's talk (A ~

mohakamah n.m. evaluation , decision based
on comparative study [A]

,tp moha!' adj . absurd impossible
O * inipracticable difficult C*l)lfmohatat'
n.f pl absurdities im|x>ssibilities im-
pracucable things (A)

1 ii* mahai n.m. pl smallest' unit of^revenue
U assessment , village ( - A sino. yi

mahai’ n.m bcc-hivc large bee

. maha'mid n.m. pl. laudable qualities [A~
JtV SINO. fcS jT ]

. » moha i ar ah n.m. idiom usage
OJ y* (rare) dialogue skill habitf^w^l/'
moha'varah par'na v.t. form the habit (of)
moha'varah dal'na v.t habituate (someone to)
CZtjilf moha' carat n.m. pl. idioms (A]

*mohib‘ n.m. friend^ ^Anohib' b-i va'tan
n.m. patriot v lA mohibba'nah adv. friendly
[A~w^].

• mahab'bat (col. mohab'bal ) n.f love
fclJv# affection muhab' bal-amtz! adj.

loving affectionate mahab'bat rakk'va

v.t love show affection ; feel affection
(for) mahab' bat ka dam' bhar'na v.t.

profess love mahab'bat kar'na v.t. love

di'll mahab'bat n.f. true love [A doublet

of^]

mah'bas n.m. (pl.^/^I/ maha'bis) prison
l/» jaii ; gaol [A~ ^rf]

Jmafjboob' n.m beloved , sweetheart adj.
beloved liked . favourite (pursuit,
etc.) Ztl j? mahbooba'nah adj. like that of a
sweetheart in the manner of a sweetheart
jfmahboo'bak n.f. mistress beloved ,
sweetheart darling adj. beloved (jjfmahboo'tft,
^f'.jfmakboobiy'yat n.f being a 'beloved
loveliness [A-

^ gmahbood n.m. prisoner captive adj.
{j/, imprisoned ; jailed ; shut up : confined ;
incarcerated (A~

* femohtsj' n.m poor person pauper
*y*ADj. poor; indigent needy adv.
standing in ijeed (of)hliQ, Hfmohlaj'-kha'nak n.m
poor house ; alms-house dst&Cfmohlaj' ho'na v.i.

be poor , be indigent ; be needy- stand in
need of J’Gfmnhta’ji n.i poverty , indigence
need want[A~£t^]

Jsmohtat' adj. cautious ; careful wary
circumspect [A~>t? > )]

j. -minohtdl' n.m. & adj. cunning (person)

Jl^fA> AT]

% moh'tarlz adj. refraining from shunning

y^moKlaram adj. honourable nespeci-
able [A~^]

J f moh'tasib n.m. censor (arch.) inspector

* . of weights measures police official
ify&moh' tasib ra-dam’n -t kha'nah fakae prov

£L

572

none has a right to meddle with people’s private
affairs [A ^i>,]

moh'ta.shim adj. respectable (rare)
r person having a largo retinue [A-~

moh'lavi adv. consisting (of) [A ~ IjP’f)

if?
r-/

mahjoob' n.m. ashamed bashful
veiled ft/ mahjoo'bi n.f. shame

bashfulness [A ~ . 'If]

mohad' dab adj. convex mohad' -

dab shi* shaft n.m. convex mirror

mohad' dab ‘ ad ' salt

/s’ mohaddisin ■ . n . m .

in the Holy Prophet’s

, , limited

mahdood' l.ar'na v.t.

(col.) magnifying glass
n.m convex lens [A]

.*«, moh'dis n.m. creator innovator

^ [A-ciV/J

mokad'dxs ( pl .
one well-verse

Traditions ; scholar of Tradition
» mahdood' (or maih-) adj.
i restricted

limit restrict (A - je J

♦. * * mahznoj' adj (of word, letter, etc.)
understood , elided ; omitted ; .drop-
ped [A ~ i^3 > ]

^ I * mehrab ‘ n.f. arch niche priests
* / niche in mosque curve
’tifhrab' dar adj arched ft/ mehrabi adj.
arched [A1

S mohar'nr n.m. clerk , scribe ; amanuensis
^S m //y/)nohar'nr-e larstl' n.m. despatcher
fC — ‘t/niohar’rir-e laqsim' n m. diary clerk ;
diarist Je-L//mohar'rir-e muta'aVliqah n.m.
dealing clerk rwhar'riri n.f. clerical job

clerical work t/ mohar'rarah adj. written
inscribed [A~^l

mokar'raf adj. clerical work (of text)
tampered with interpolated

[A- ^/)

** S moh'nq (f & PL. jy moh'tiqah ) adj.
Us burning d/ / ta'p-e moh'riqah n.m.
tpphoid fever [A~

fs mohar'rik. n.m. proposer or mover
(of motion) stimulant adj. mov-
ing bringing into motion stimulating

[A - <// J

. S mah’ram n.m. close relation from when
\S women need not go into hiding inti-
mate friends confidant n.f. bodice , gussets ,
brassiere (al/bjj/if/mah'ram-e asrar’ (or raz)
n.m. confidant bosom friend i£S ma$-
rtwit n f. intimacy ^ / maprama'nah adj.
prhate ads in private [A)

"<*/■

(/

r

deprive

sdaS/

grieved

patron

mohai'ram n.m. first month of Hij,ri
year (also f/l (/ mohar'ram-ul-haram)

n.m. (the sacred month of) Muharram adj.
sacred ; venerable forbidden ; tabooed

[A~ ft/)

moharramal' n.f. unlawful things ;
borbidden things [A-prec.]

> mahroo'sah adj. protected fortified;

^ S garrisoned s/ S)V mama lik-t mahroo'-
sah n.m. pl. protectorates [A ~ £S[f]

5 S mahroam' adj. deprived (of) debarred

( refused (something) unlucky j un-

fortunate t£'jjli(')/niafirooirt'~ul.ir's adj. deprived
of heredity / j (/ mahroorn' rakk'na v. dis-
appoint i-j' f'rS' mahroom' kar'na v.t.

(of) disappoint j/ mahroo' mi,

mahroomiy'yal n.f. deprivation [A]

. . £ viahzGon (or -zooii'Y adj. sad

0>/ [K~ *r\

/ moh'sin n m. benefactor
U adj. beneficent moh' sinkush adj

6 n.m. ungrateful person [A~

m t* S nwhsanal’ n.f. virtues good deeds

[A~sinc;.j: t moh'sanah viriue)

L ^ / mahsouh' adj. calculated deduct-
* cd Vf *-? ^ mahsoob' kar'na v.t.

take into account deduct L'y; mahsoob'

ho na v.i. be taken into account be deduct-
ed [A ~ ‘t'L-*-;

y mahiood’ adj. envied , looked upon with
jealously [A ~ JS' J
/a mahsoos adj. felt perceived
l /s’ perceptible mahsoos’ kar’na

v.t. feel perceive Ijj* mahsoos" ho'na

v.i be fch sS-L'/ mahsoos at' n m. things felt
or perceived sensations (A - t/" )

£, £ mah’shar (or maih’-) n.m.. day of

resurrection tumultuous place com-
motion by the elegance of a sweetheart’s gait

tmS mohash'sht adj. annotator mohash'M

( 'j adj. having marginal notes annot-

ated [A - /'It)

/ mohas'sd n.m. tax-gatherer revenue
fj) collector dun (A ~

moh'satt adj continent mah'sanah

fjT n.f. (pl. &\s*?tmhsanal‘) chaste woman
[A- dbst~ ]

£ mahsoor' adj besieged , beleagued n m.
JIT*, (pi- (J-jj-e* mafnoonn') besieged person
mahsoor' kar'nq v 1 besiege , lay a siege
(to) mahsoor hi na v.i be besieged

[A~,U^J

Oy°*

573

</

i jP mahsool' n .M. ( pi - maha sil ox

{JJT. mahsoolat') duly tax revenue
cess toll j gTjs^mafisool-e abka'ri n.m.
excise duty (l <£^ Ij i'/ijijy^mahool' add kar nd
(or chukd'nd) v..T. "pay duty jjZjr^mahsool' -chor
n.m. (rare) smuggler mahsool' -dak n.m.

postage czyjf (Jy 6 * 1 mahsoc'l-e farokfi't N.m. sales
tax {i'J'XltljC^* (Jy*? mahsool' lagd'nd (or ‘a' id
kar'nd) v.t. levy tax, duty, etc. assess
Oy** be-mahsool' adj. tax free duty-free
<Jy*? j/ far'd-e mahsool' n.f. tariff J r** mahsooli
adj. taxable dutiable (of land) paying
revenue bearing , unpaid to pay [A]

mah' z adj. mere (rare) pure ; un-

alloyed [A]

mah' zar n.m. statement of a case or
suit laid before a judge along with
affidavits, depositions, etc. public attestation

(also mah' zar -n a mah) public repre-

sentation with remuneration signatures
mahzar-na mah n.m. (wrong but usu. form of
sense 3 ir) [A]

i» ££ mahzooz' adj. pleased , delighted

(a ~ !

maih'fil (ped. mah -) n.f. gathering
U meeting assembly party society
dance and song party I'j'o'&J&maih'fil bar[-
khdst' kar'nd v.t conclude a meeting
maih'fil barkhast’ ho'na v.l. (of meeting) conclude
k) — maih'fil jam' nd v.i. (of party) be well-set;
reaching an interesting stage maih'fil

kar’nd v.t. hold a meeting have a dance
party (A)

. , maihfooz adj. safe, secure pro-
yr*' tected guarded sheltered immune

[A-

mohaq qflr adj. _poor ; mean con-
temptible [A ~ ]

•TpJ? mohaq' qiq n.m. ("pl. mohaqqiqin')

!jr research scholar , research worker ; re-
searcher first-rate scholar philosopher
mohaqqiqa! nah adj scholarly research
worker’s (manner) adv. in a well established
manner from a scholarly view point
mohaq’ qaq adj. certain , positive confirmed;

established ; proved [A - ]

Jlr mehak' n.m. touchstone |A~ ^ j

J

moh'kam adj. strong firm un-
shakable lasting [A - thkd'm')
maih’kamah (ped. mah'-) n.m. depart-
ment , bureau ; office (arch.) court)

&yV.l)fr/,\lj f maih'kama-t abad-kd'ri or ba
halhydt' n.m. rehabilitation department settle-
ment — ■ math' kema-e ab'ka'ri n . m . excise

department maih'kama-e itteld'dt' n.m

information department L ^ maih' kama-e
imdad-e bdhami n.m. co-operative department
maih'kama-e anhd'r n.m. irrigation de-
partment J^ljl^lff^maih'kama-e bahd'li-e ara'zi
n.m. land reclamation department
maih'kamah bkar’tt n.m. recruiting department
y£ j J* maih! kamah polls' n.m. police department
maih'kamah tdr n.m. telegraph depart-
ment wvl? */—^maih' kamah-e tija’rat n.m, com-
merce department y\t maih! kama-e

ta' alloqqd' t-e-‘ dm' mah n.m. public relations depart-
ment ff^J^—^maih'kama-eta'lim' n.m. educa-
tion department of public instruction
maih'kamah jangalat’ n.m. forest department ,

conservation department maih'kamah

* y - s- ■*»

ch^h'gi n.m. octroi department — *. maih

kama-e khoorak' n.m. food department <
maih'kamah dak' n.m. postal department dfy
maih'kamah rel' n.m. railway department cJ'ljfJf
math' kama-e zira'at n.m. agriculture department
cyy t maih'kamk-e san' L al-o-hir' fat n.m.

industries department CfjS J'-^maih' kama-e qanoon
n.m. law department Of maih! kama-e

masd'hat n.m. survey department
maih'kama-e mo‘dsaldt n.m. communications
department [A ~ J*f]

mahkoom! (col. maih-) adj. & n.m. sub-
ject , governed (person) ; ' subjugated
(person) (J /—-^mahkoo'mi, mahkoomiy yat

n.f. state of subjugation [A—

/ \ rnahal ' (col. mai'hal ) n.m. (pl. maha-l

1st' (col. maihalal palace . - mansion)
palatial building place time occasion n.f.
(arch.) (sovereign’s) consort; queen j^lp^mahal'-e
khas' n.f. (arch.) chief queen particular
place or juncture mahal-dsr n.m. harem

steward mahal-dar'm n.f. harem

stewarders l/tf mahal-sara n.f. harem; seraglio
mahail-e na'zar adj. doubtful J — ^bar-
mahal’ adj. apt appropriate adv. fitting the
occasion y^-be-mahal' adj. inappropriate
inopportune adv. out of place uncalled
for fb—^maharil n.m. emasculate steward of
harem [A] ,

~,fl£ mahal'ldt n . m . (pl of J* pl . of
- ^ ^n.m, *) -

mohailil adj. causing to dissolve [A ~ <Ja )

ucpai i

s>*

0/

jt?

J

{ {£ mahlool n.m. solution ao|. dissolved

Or (A~ eKi

, j mahal'lah (ped, pl ma/fallat')

/J* street , lane ; alley (rare) quarter (of
town) jijjf mahal'la-dsr n.m. resident of the
same quarter headman of a quarter
mahal'lt-da ri n.f. good-neighbourly relations
neighbourliness [A]

* A moham'mad adj. highly praised n.m. the
J* Praised One (as the name of the Holy
i’mphett . Muhammad , Mohammed i£
auham'madi adj. pertaining to or walking in the
ways of 'the Holy Prophet , Mohammedan
(A- ^ 1

mah'mil (or maih-) n.m litter carried on
4/ camel back camel’s saddle (A ~ ^ ]
mah'mood (or math-) apj. (f or pl. uS
mahmni) dah or math-) praised
laudable praiseworthy

j /f mah'muol (or maih-) n.m. (logic) object
Ujf adj. attributed f JO-* par mah'-
muol kar'nd v.t. attribute (something to) regard
(something) as resulting front jS mahmoo’lah
(or maih-) adj. attributed fA ~

? mehan’ n.m. pl. sufferings , trials and
tribulations |A~sing. poll.)

m *£mtf)!nal n.f. (pl. mt'han) hard-
work ; industry ; diligence labour
toil trouble l bdc^meh'nal uthana c v.t.
undergo trouble take pains not '

Aika'nt lag'na v.i. be reward of one’s labour
succeed shaq'qah n.f. con-

sistant hard work great toil I fjZz+Smeh'nat
kttr'ns v.i. * work hard toil be industrious
(/* mth' nal-kadi n.s». labourer adj. con-

sislantlv doing hard work working (man)
meh'nat-kash tab'qah n.m. working class
mth'nal mizdoo'rt n.f hard work

mth'nal muzdoo'ri kar'na v.i work

as a labourer earn by the sweat of one's brow
mthnli'nah n.m. wages- fees (of

lawyer, etc.) mth'nal* adj hard working ;
industrious [A]

/ matf o adj. engrossed , absorbed
r effaced . obliterated erased ; rubbed off
f J f maff'v kar’nd v.t. erase efface;

obliterate fascinate ; engross Ky t f maff'v

ho' ns v.i. be absorbed; be engrossed be
effaced ; he obliterated niafyny'yal n.f

fascination engrossment ; absorption

mth'vari adj. axis axial meh'va'ri

ta'qaleh' n.M. pl. axis powers

, * mohav'vatah adj. stated referred to.
stated , mentioned l)(Jf mohai'vala(-e)
ba'li adj. abovemen tioned [A~ J'Jr)

J mokey'yir adj, amazing moha/yir-

Lj muhit (A) adj. Encircling; surrounding;
comprehending; circumambient; contain-
ing; guarding; knowing, n.m. Circumfe-
rence; the ocean,
muhit hono, v. To circumscribe;

to surround; to encircle.

_ .rp ■aakhs'rij n.m. expenditure outlets
(yJ'* outlets for sounds (of letters) {A—
SING. CsX)

mubhawmat n.f enmity ; hostility

[A-

U.j mukjla lib n.m. person addressing an-
*"■ other , Speaker lab n.m

person _ addressed , (gram) second person
[A-wOtP]

• mufjjiatij n.m. opponent ; adversary

enemy ; foe adj. opposite
adverse unfavourable repugnant contrary
[A- CJiir 1

• ..% mokhalajat n.f. opposition dis-
cord disagreement dissidence
enmity , hostility (* Jkhzilttjat kar'na
v.t. oppose go against dissent resist
A doublet of ot^T

y mubh'kir n.m. infonner ; informant
y» one who brings news or intelligence
makb'bit-e sa'diq adj. bringer of verti-
able intelligence (as the Holy Prophet?*
appellation) (fyd mujtfk bin n.f. informer's
job report ; information mukh'biri

kar'na v.t inform against inform ; act as
a spy [A ~> ]

l V? nakhbool' adj. foolish confused
Py.' mabbboo't-ll-fwa.*' adj.

foolish (one) who has lost his head . con-
fused ; confounded {A ~ Jaf ]

mukhi&r' n.m. attorney ; agent ; re-
Jhf presehtative (arch.) attorney adj.
authorized empowered having free will
c/lr!>ty mibtlh'r-e this n.m. special attorney
(*(* jl? mukhta'r-e * am n.m. general attorney
jlfsCy mUktilar-t kjr' n.m. authorized

576

}>

makhmoor’ adj. drunk ; intoxicated ;
inebriated
^jjpmttkhan'nas nju . eunuch [A]

m

J-r

I'jmakhaul' n.m. joke ; jest nonserious
U-7 thing U J? makhaui liya n.m. jester adv.
non serious (person)

‘Amukhaf yir n.m. philanthropist liberal

yii or charitable person -

^j^mokhay'yilah n.m. imagination [A~ ctT ]

i mad n.f. (same as «.t n.f. ^k)

^ marf n.m. prolongation mark over long

vowel tide ; flood-tide lengthening

stretch ; extension N.F. (pl. CslMmaddat')
head ; head of account ; head of expenditure
entry item article l I > mad'd-e
ama'nat n.f. head of deposits rnad-

bafi'dt n.f. appropriation (of accounts'
mad'd-e hissb' n.f. head of account (J’.&J- mad' d-e
miqabil n.m. opponent antagonist

mad'd-e na’tar adv. in view (of) mad'd-e

na'zor rakh'na v. t. keep in view>j»>> mad'd-o-
itti'r n.m. tide ; the flux and reflux of the sea ;
ncaptide and ebb-tide -^-^mad’de adv. in the
account (of) (A)

i it? mad' da zil'lo-hoo (f. L&* mad' da zil'lo-ha,
^ mad'd ziUo-b-ul-'ali ph. may he

live long [A~ prec.)

p \maddoh' n.m. eulogist ; an encomiast ; pane-
ls gyrisitfUmadda'hi n.f. eulogizing (A ~ £-*)
Ur madakhil' n.f. income revenue
Ur receipts entrances mads’khil-o-
makha’rij n.f. income and expenditure [A -sing.

<£) '■ / ••

riluda'khdlat n.f. interference inter-
r* ruption intrusion meddljng entry
trespass muda’khalai-e be-jd n.f.

trespass undue interference Vj'tSJ'i* muds' -
khalat kar'ns v. interfere intrude tres-
pass ; force entry (A - cf* J ]
j^mSai' n.f. ink [A)

I f madar' n.m. swallow-wort; milk-weed;

* **ce!adine madsr' ki bHrh!ys m.f.

swallow-wort *

f | madar ' n.m. axis orbit dependence

^ basis , ground maia’r-e ar'ti n.m.

earth’s axis madsr-e da°va n.m. grounds

of the claim mada'r-t kar' n.m. what somo-
thing^lepcnds upon [A

I mudar' n.m. person in charge (of

muds' r-ul-moham' n.m. the prime minister
someone’s deputy for important jobs [A - t/bl]

- I f mUdar at' n.f. , tZ’lj l+Jrir /tfts'tir mudarat'
(col.) bU muda'ra n.m. (poet.)
politeness ; courtesy hospitality entertain-
ment (khs'tir) mudarat' kar'na v.t.

treat hospitality ; be a goodly host

maddrij n.m. (pl. of N.M. ★)

(SjU mads'ris n.m. (pl. of -^>n,m. yk)

id.Lmads'rin.u. juggler conjurer

(-2'L‘ljfJ^'madaTi ka khel’ (or tarns' shah)
mods [fa‘ at n.f. self-defence^ Umoda'/e
*ADJ. repellant defening n.m.

defender [A doublet of&b'j]

r \,mudam' adv. always perpetually [A -

, muds' vamat n.f. continual use , conti-

* nuance [A ~{\»)

mods'i’a n.m. cure ; remedy [ — A*^/ji*~

«• "jil muds' banal n.f
^V^cristy [A]

hypo-

I h j

name

being facile

- ^-"cristy [A]

4 \j 4 mads''th n.m. (pl. of n. f. ^k)

“vj mads "in n.m. (pl. of n.m. yk

an ancient Persian capitale ; Ctesiphon
modab’bir N.m. & adj. statesman ijys.modaVbirl
. n.f. statesmanship (A -*\

mud' dat n.f. time length of time
•'"space of time duration interval
age ; period mid'dat-Bl-'um'r n.f. life-

time adv. throughout hb life as long as he
(etc.) lived (or lives) for keeps>>«^> mud'dat-e
madid’ n.f. a long time mud'dat-e moqar'-

rarah n.f. fixed time ; specified period ek
mud' dal n.f. a long period adv. for a very long
period mud' datoh adv. for quite a long
period [A]

-j^mad'hyCJZmiA'hat N.F. praise eulogy ;

encomium ; panegyric jlfO^mad'k-khan n.m.
euloist ; encomiast ; panegyrist [A]

Lp madkhai n.f. rt.^Umada'Ichil entAnce
UJt (arch.) income ; revenue [A~ JTj ]

madkhoo'lak n.f. concubine ; kept mistress
[A ~ JfJ]

yjt madad (A) n-f ■ Help; assistance'; rein-

forcement; succour; aia; labourers;
masons; wages.

/ -• *
Jr* i

577

0 J

1,/j ma'dad pnhutifpana (or de'tta ov kar’iia) v.t..
help ; assist aid succour ; reinforce
dad-gar' n.m. assistant helper
auxiliary ally(fc& tj&l ^ma'dad b'ud (or

nmiig’tia) v.t. seek help or assistance [A)
jj^mOdir' adj. diuretic [A

mudar'ris n.m. (PL.gtf^L omucldfi-siri)
^‘''icachcr schoolmaster^*^) av'iml madar'-
ris n.m. headmaster (Sj* mffdar'riH n.f, teacher’s
job [A~^>]

. mad'rasah n.m. school academy
seminary academic rt*Hjis /> mad'rasai-
Sl-^dloom’ n.m. (arch.) college ; university-—^- 4
Azmad'rasa-e shabi'nah n.m. night school
madrasah-e ba’lighafi n.m. an adult school
iblida'l mad'rasah n.m. primary school
mad’ rasa-e sa navi n.m. secondary school
khanaii mad'rasah n.m. free school
zana’na mad'rasah n.m. girls' school
sarkart mad'rasah n.m. government school
f^air'-sarkari mad'rasah n.m. private
schtx)! **’J-»(f*^san'ati mad'rasah n.m. industrial
school mad'rasah n.m. (pcd.)

high school hain-mad’rasah n.m. school-

fellow . school-mate [A ~urf>\ _

J^mUd’rik adj. perceptive £j. mud'rtkah n.f.

parception

comprehension

intellect

/.r>j. perceptive [A -
^ mudda'a' n.m. aim ; object objective
''wish ; desire ; intent *■ intention scope
(rare) stolen prqperty (rare) object claimed or
sued for adj. sued mudda 1 a ~ 1 alaih' n.m.
respondent ; defendant It* mudda' a’

patta (or ha’sil kar'nd) v.t. achieve ’one’s object
<£&l)0’k*mudda'a' mil'na (or ni'kalna) v.i. (of
stolen property) be recovered
t> mad'oo’ adj. invited tfifamad'Mmin' n.m.
invites [A ~ &/i)

f> mVd'da'i n.m. plaintiff claimant

(✓"adversary rival *fi>m?d'da'iyah n.f.
plaintifT claimant

*P mUd’fham adj. merged (of letter)

I ^“doubled [A ~/VsJ]

^ mad’ fan n.m. burial place . grave [A-</»)

.jjj \ madfoori adj. buried intoned (of

treasure) hidden underground [A - ]

"j^mudaq'qiq adj. & n.m. (one) going into
minute details (A

T*hjmadqooq‘ n.m. & adj. consumptive (person)

( ma’dak n.'f. mixture of opium and j>rau
smoked as sedative ma'daki n.m. opium-
smoker

if,; mudal'lal ADJ. reasonable; wcllgroundcd (A ~

.

mudam'migh adj. proud ; haughty . conceit-

/J mu'dan n.m. (H. myth.) god of love
“^(dial.) love (dial.) lust ($)

.a mu’ dan n.m. pl. 'rfj. madam, adj .'^gmadaniy'-
^ _yat n.f. (see under n.m. -fc)

mudav'var adj. round circular spheri-
-^■'* t cal ; globular [A]

\Q ?Jl madh. > rpad n.f. wine honey lust
madh'-bhara (f. madk'-bha'rl ) ,
C !>>>> madk-ma’ta ( i- . Jl madk'-ma'ti) adj.
drtink ; intoxicated V /✓>.> madh! par a'na v.t. be
in the prime of one’s" youthy0*>iha'rfjkiir adj.
sweet (y*> ma’dhMrtu n.f. sweetness [8]

mad'dham adj. low moderate ; light
I dim (jpjkjf^-mad'dkam rau'shani n.f.

dim-light mad'dkam sur n.m. low note^A

Vj'mad’dham kar'na v.t. lower (sound) dim
or dip (light) Lj[[fj>mad'dkam* ho'na- v.i. be
low be lowered grow dim
Aj, madhosh' adj. astonished , drunk ;
U -n"" intoxicated senseless ; unconscious
stunned tftymadho'sht n.f. intoxication,
unconsciousness being stunned [-Ki/jpjr
maihoosh' mixed up with Vj^fhoxh]

. madid' adj. (f. or pl. o^npdl’dap) (rare)
long ; extensive [A]

. mudir' n.m. editor mo'a'mn

vT* n.m. assistant editor iZtj/ffamUdt’r-e mukha'-
barat' n.m. newseditor

y.madi'nah n.m. (pl. mU'dan) city
't • Islam's first capital city (of) ; centre (of)

[A]

a ^y°° n AD J’ debtor [A"*

k»u>mu4bier',^ff^Pmkf for ', fPfJ'mapkfor '
V** n.f. encounter- meeting Ofjgjlm 64
bhrr' ho'na v.i. encoijmer have ^ confron-
tation (with)

■' a I adj. middle n.m. middle tundard (E)

Jir*'

•?l* ma:aq‘ n.m. taste ; relish ; nkc joke ;
(✓•^plesantry relish taste (for) Ol>maca'^cui
adv. humorously ; wittily ; in jest ; by way of
joke ; jocosely ; jocularly jJlimazaqiy’yah ad>
humorous; witty adv. homorously jocularly
(A doublet of (£pj)

578

/ . mOza'karak N.M. symposium conference
9 J ^ discussion w*/U muzakarat’ n.m. pl.
parleys . talks [A - J> e«*'r|
jj**maz&iub n.m. (pl olfcfC*N.M. *)

T i\*

/. • maz'bah n.m (pl £*maza'bih) slaughter
house , shambles [A~ £> j
• • mUzab'zab adj. wavering hesitat-
mg ; reluctant (A)

— .•mazbooh' adj. slaughtered, killed tfd>
O^mazboohH adj. of slaughtered animal
suicidal mazboo hi horak&t' n.f. suicidal

acts

/• mazak'kat adj. masculine male n.m,
masculine gender {A - J'i za'kar]

/. mazkoor' n.m. mention adj. (f. & pl.

J* ** mazkoo'rah) related ', mentioned tfl tjfj.
mazkoo'rai -t) bn' la. mazkoo‘ra-e sad'r adj.

above mentioned ; aforesaid tfjjX mazkuo'ri n.m.
(arch.) process-serving process-server (A~
Ji irAr]

m y mazal‘lat n.f abjectness disgrace [A
^“'^doublei of iZ$\

derogatory remarks

mazam'mat n.f.
contempt censure impeachment rbjty
C^iqanr-da' A~t mazam'mai n f. censure motion
[A doublet of (*>]

. • mazmoom' (r. An. mazmoo'mah ) adj.

C jr '* blame worthy ; contemptible mean ;
base [A~ prec.)

*. muz' nib n.m. St adj. (pl. i £‘J-muz’mbin)
sinner ; sinful (person) [A - oj-izd tab]
-mUzah’hdb aoj. gilded gold plated [A

~ *-*>&' hab gold)

• maz'hab n.m. religion ; faith way of

living ; mode of life creed doctrine
school of thought CU^^fitnazhab met la' ns
v.t. convert to a faith Oa *^fj,maz'hab ba'dalna
v.t & i. convent ; be convert (f&maz’habi adj.

religious religious minded (person) n.m.
(Sikh) sweepcrw>t?;««cAaAi»a< n.f. religious-
ness religiosity religious -mindedness [A —

80]

. • ma'zi n.f. minor involuntary seminal dis-
charge [A]

^mAt n.m. myrrh (A]

y/mit'at' n.m. minor mir’a’l-Ql-'ar

by n.m. bride's mirror (A - cjvl

^Jflynara'tib n.m. (pl. of^N-M. ★)

Ajj^mara'ri n.m. (pl. of n.m. •A' 1

_ mvraja'at n.f return recourse
doing over and over again Lj
Ijftjs ) miira'ja'at kar'rta (or fauna' ho'na) v.t.
leiurn (A ~t?A

mar a hi! n.m. (pl. of -* 5 -n.m. *)

jy

f mar a him n.m pl. favours

marahim-e khusruvanah n.m pl. royal
favours [A - sing. .2^1

tyiurad' n.f. intention object; Objective
meaning; purport wish
murad’ bar a'r.a v.i. gain one’s wish
( mil rad' patta (or poo'H ho'na or ha'stl
ho'na) v.t gain one’s wish i'S&jJ.*!/’ murad' poo' ri
kar'na v.t. someone’s- wish mirad' lina
v.t mean (by) understand (by) : infer
(from) I^L^ymurad marig'na v. ask for a
favour pray for a boon V*l*>/*murad' manna
v.t. & i, vow . make a vow Xs murad’-mahd
adj. desirous ; needy mut a’ doh kt dirt

n.m. longed-for happiness youthful days
tf > ymura'di adj. implied (meaning) secondary
(sense) (A~ w hi]

. | muradif adj. synonypiousN m. (rare) hind

rider [A

<-»y

jjy

mura’ri n.m. (H. dail.) enemy of devils [E)

^L/i mura' salat' n.f. correspondence
^ / exchange of Icutrs^iJjjy'Ismura'salaG
nuab' n.m. correspondence course (A- JI*j]

I/I mxtra'saloh n.m. (PL.^tyy mura' salat') N.M.

letter ; epistle ;A doublet of prec.]

** .mara'sm n.m. pl relations customs
\V £Z-s< dost&'nah mara’stm ho'na

v t. have friendly relations with (A -sing.)

I murrat' n.f. pl. privileges conces-

wlf/%ions n.f. consideration privilege
concession ^JPi&io^mora'at-un-nazir' n.f. use
of related words to form a prolonged metaphor

[ A~&kA .

•i mura fa' ah n.m. appeal Vj *>}»*&*' fm'ah
Jr kar'na v.t. appeal (to a higher-court A*»
^lift]

murafaqat n.f. kindly treatment _
u»*y travelling in the company (of) (A— jjRl]
«. | miraq' N.m . a kind of madness ; melancholia
OS Jy mira! fi adj. mad ; melancholic”

crazy mad n.m. mad man [A]

muta'qabah n.m. observation ; meditation ;
templation mura'qabah karna

v.t. meditate L‘lf(j£^-lfmura'qabe meft jana v.t.

580

Ss

fifim-irakh'khtu adj. permitted to depart
US m-trokh'khas ho’na v.t, take leave

(of)

mat'd n.m. man male husband
hero fellow t )/ mar' d a'damf N.M.

tall well-built man brave man gentleman

i NT. my good sir >y mat'd back'diah n.m.

brave man’s son ; brave child ; brave boy
mat'd batons v.i. be a man ; show courage Ijrjf
mar'd-e khlda' n.m. a pious man int. my good
sir l&,s*l)£ljjji/mar'd ki zat (or soo'rat) x.F.
man ; male C ^ tS^y^fymar' d ki soo'rat ni
dtkh'na ph. be still a virgin mar'd-e

maidah' n.m. brave nun ; man of action tS ) A^d/ t
mar' da mar'dl ad v. forcibly marda nags n.f.
manliness ; bravery ; heroism fK'tf'tfiymarda'-
nngi kt kam' n.m. brave deeds ; heroic deeds
'^\>y marddnah adj. of or for men male
masculine manly ; brave mens’ lounge ;
apartment for male members of house jb>\»y
marda'na-vat' adj. manly heroic adv.
bravely ; courageously heroically
da'ni adj. of or for men n.f. tomboy brave
woman

r mat' dak n.m.. manikin mean fellow
utra shaih'nah mar' dak nam
PRov. (see under if)

i ^murdar’ n.m. carrion adj. unclean
ill-gotten (wealth) int. (W. dial.) wretch ;
hussy j/j\jy>mardat'-khor n.m. carrion-eater
tjSmUrdar'-sotig, mur’da-satig n.m.

red lead ; litharge tfjlj/murda'rl n.f. lizard [P]
a mar’dam n.m. pupil (of eyeri (pl. 0^*/*

J y mardUmah) n.m. pl. people /ft (ymar'ilm-
azar'^K.u. oppressor ; tyrant tormentor
(fjljtfz/mar' dim aza'ri n.f. oppression xffjy*
mar’ dim Uxor, jlffs/mar'dim-khar adj. man-
eater cannibal (fj/’^mor'dim kho'rlAjl/fA
mar'dum-kha'ri n.f. counilialismjtf^y' mar’dum-
khez adj. (or area) producing famous men tS/Z(y
mar' dum-kht-zi n.f. being productive of famous
men flymen’ dim dos’t n.m. philanthropist

mar'dvm-dos’tl n.f. philanthrophy
i>j fsy mar-dim-t di'dah n.m. pupil of the
eye most precious thing * the people
who have been seen (f > mar-dim-

shma'ri n.f. census j^A^^jymar'dim-rinias'
'adj. having knowledge of men mar'dim-

shina'sl n.f. knowledge^of men mar'dim-

kush adj. murderous (fyy mar'dim-ki'sH n.f.
murder ; homicide J>y mar'dimi n.f. manli-
ness bravery (also (fx/tzjqivval-t mar'dimi
v.T. virility [P]

/ mar' dim ak n.f. pupil of the eye[P~

PREC.] •

£ mirdafig' n.f. a kind, of long tom-tom :
‘mirdang’ $*s mirdafi'gi n.m. one who
plays on ‘mirdang’

* mur'danl n.f. dismalness death-like
Oy paleness death-like stillness adj. fit
to die deserving death t*l^ Js/mir 'dart

(kba'rta v. become deadly pale {~P die]
mor'di’a n.M. (see under j>y n.m. if) '

mardood ' adj. reprobate [A~ >J }

mir'dah n.m. corpse ; dead body adj.
Ojf/ 0 dc.o.d weak Ctir I »>/m rtr'dah Btka'na v.t.

give a proper burial (to) perform the funeral
rites (of) VaJX* oi/ mlr'da ha-das' i-t ziti'dah ph.
one to weak to move about for himselftj^fj U -
mir'dah bha'rl ho'na v.i. (of dead body) be heavy
(supposedly owing to sins) O^t^mir’ da-paras' t
adj. (of society or person) idioljzing the dead ;
acknowledging great men’s -services after their
death b‘jr t ^iy 9 ^ymir'dah kharab' ho’na v.i. no
to get a proper burial u>/m2r'da-dil adj.
dispirited dejected Jsfymir'da-di'l I n.f.
dispiritedness Rejection y* t^/mir'da-sho

n.m. washing the dead I'yjx > l by’xC-Oslf mir’-
doh se shar't bakdh.' kar so ' na v.i. sleep very
soundly (f (Jiff mit' doll ki had' diyak

ukhrr'na PH. talk evil of the dead express
trite ideas mur’doh ki had'diyaii

chicfior'na v.t. ' (of worhless persons) feel pride
in the deeds of one’s ancestors [P]

mar di n.f. (see under t/r n.m. iC

mar'z boom km. native land [P]

. - mtr'za, (ped. or arch.) IjyS mlr'za
' J i/ titlq of respect for descendants of Moghuls
chieftain* iy^jjymit'za phjo'ya n.m. a very
(nickname for) a delicate and inactive person
\Jy mir' za ma'nish adj. of princely disposi-
tion mirza"i n.f. (arch.) princedom ;
gentility (arch.) arrogance ; pride (aho
£}/ mir2ai”i loose-sleeved quilted waist coat
n.m. (member) of Ahmadiyyah community
l y mir'saL n.m. (pl. c yf^mirsalin) apostle
U / adj. (Tradition) with second top link
in chain of narrators missing ^tj^mir’sal-ilaih'
n.m. addressee J^^mir'salah adj. sent : des.
patched mir'sil .n.m, sender; despatchcr
(A- Jlyi]

(yy

581

6

mflr jhi n.f. hen &Si(f^Ui£ymur'gh^ddik?
bath's ph. reasoning in a cirrle pointless
discussion (e.g., which came first be created, the
egg or the hen) l7>

mfir'ghf jan se ga"i kha'ne vale to ma’za n a. dya
prov. the sai rifire goes unrewarded xlr ’J’y'
mu 'ght kha’nah ji.it. pon'try farm jf?
mUr'fhi-me’jor n.m. (iron ) poulterer jij $y
mSr'ghi-vd/a n.m. fowl vender f ~ P fay mur'gh]

• I* . myr'gfia'W n.f. wild-duck

C/. / mSrgha'bi ka dtikar' n.m. wild-duck
shooting [ ~ P 4 - w/7 J

V. mar^hoob' adj* desired ; desirable

• >V agreeable pleasant lovely

[A~

Jts margho’lah n.m. spiral (of) [P}

l, \ , marfoo " adj. letter having a pesh
(’) over it raised ^ < fa jy mar joe '

qa'lam adj. mad ; not answerable for his crime
[A~ &J)

• mUraf'fah adj. well-off Jl/ljy mUraf'fah -
y~S itl-hal' adj. well-off ; prosperous ; in easy
circumstances [A ~ o fij ]

X * mar' gad n.m. grave , tomb ; sepulchre

y [A~ >h)

y moraq'qa' n.m. (pl. 0iy mmq'qi 1 )
album collection of paintings rags ■
tatters adj. patched C^tf.&yfeyfahai'rat fid
mUraq'qa ‘ ban ja'na v.t. be perplexed ; be
amazed [A ~ ]

>7 y marqoom' adj, (f. & pl. /// marqoo'-
f "s »ifl/i)^ADj. written ; inscribed re-
corded j)i ,yjy marqoo-ma(-e) bdla adj. aforesaid;
above-mentioned [A~ ]

,«i/ / murkdna v.t. twist snap (—
v CAUS.J

Jf mar'kab n.m. conveyance pack-
horse [A ~

/ murak'kab apj. compound not
simple n.m. compound ink
Sc* ( lS> tv kJ(}yfftimtyd’i (or ktmiydvi)
niarak'kab n.m. chemical compound tv \Jy
■mUrakknbti n.m. pl. cotripounds medicinal
preparations [A~

mar'kaz n.m. (pl. '/y mars' kiz)
s' centre headquarters ; Centre upper
flourish (of letters ef and S ) dr^ymar'kaz-e
tig l n.m. centre of gravity (fst* mnr'kaz-e
bunyddl n.m. radical centre mat'kac

gurez' adj. centrifugal. (force) binys'A

mar'kaz t*. m. chief centre pivotal point

marsoom' n.m. allowance; dole (A - J
. spiritual guide mentor

C"

A m&t'shed n.m

[a~ >&i]

mUras'sa' \dj. set or studded with
w/ jewels (ol vcr;e, etc.) comprising
balanced words or phrases j Is mans' sa'-sSz,
jtf' fa?/ mQras'sa'-kar n.m stone-setter ; lapidary

tS'j U faf/mdras' sa'-sa zi, J u V fa?y Maras' sacks' H

N.F. Stonesetting J

0^0* Manrsw* adj (f. & ri.. rnarsco'-

U 's' tab i) very strong (structure)

reinforced [A]

. ma'raz n.m (pl. ytyt awiai') illness;
sickness; disease C^jhJymarazul-

maul' n.m. mortal disease J*/ (fjf'niSldtui'dl
ma'raz n.m infectious disease yy w(FV mok'lik
mar az n.m fatal disease jf AtV ma'raz

kl davd he ph. of what use are you (etc )
yfi y mUr'ze', murze'ak n.m. mother

w / . foster-mother ; wet nurse

^0. mar'A n.f. _ pleasure choice will
If/ , consent he mo'djiq

Anv according to the will or pleasure (of)
to the entire satisfaction (gf) ap'ni mar'zi

Atg f willingly ; voluntarily of one’s own

free will (A — ' l>j J

, W . martoob' adj. wet ; moist ; humid

'-fry (a ~ ^> v ]

j g, mar'oob' adj
. V beaten

|A-^J

& m mar ’ gli n.m. cock bird; fowl t *s\t/S
mffr'gh-e bad'-numa' n.m. weather-cock
/f ZynUr'%h-baZ N.M. cock-fightcr (fskfcc/*
mur fh-ba'zi n.f cock-fighting jL-ys" mr:-' ^h-
bSn' n.m. poulterer, ft&y miir'gh-ba'nt n.f.
poultry farming tymSr'^-e cha'ma/i n.m.

garden. bird chirping bird nightingale
uyfcsSJ t>S mur ’ ghv dar t Smoz N.M. stooge (of)
s^ trf m & r har n.m. morning bird ;

harbinger of day chanticlear nightingale
qib’la-numa' n.m. compass

needle (P]

. mar'fh n.m. kind of grass (only In)
w/ margh’-zar n.m. pasture; mea-

d°w(P) X

I* mmr'ffta n.m- cock ; chanticlear l lay
/ j (fS! A mur'gha baftg na de'gi

(e kya' titb'h na ho'gi prov. non-co-operation by
one cannot upset the whole'

(ve'ht) mur' {hr hi tk' tabg' pit. silly insistence

awe-struck
tightened ;

brow-

terrified

m

j*/

'Jy fi ham-mar'kaz adj. concentric <S‘Js
mat'kaz I adj. central iff * <S'S/ mrikazi asaimb’ll
n.f. Central Assembly « tfJ^mar'kasS,
kukri mat n.f. Central Government ly

jlsyjlfjfntar'kazk-mUqan'ninah (or maj'lis-e qanoon-
saz) n.f. Central Legislature [A]

ma'rakta v.t. be twisted , get sprained
be snapped

« f. markooz' adj. focussed impressed
jjy markoo'z-e kha'lir adj. impressed
upon the mind [A~ Jy •] y

mar'kkana adj. (f. iyy mor'kkani)
V goring

mur'kl n.f. car-ring

f* mar'g n.f. death mar’g-e

( \amboh jash'ne da ' rad prov. general cala-
mity is a festival by itself c^ffli^J/mar'g-e
mijajaf, jut' Jy mar'g-: »<? w.v. sudden
death (P] ,

f mir’g n.m. (dial.) deer tilf Jy mir'g-
bJs (h%ah n.m, dear-skin ifl/Jy mir’g-sala
n.m. (dial.) deer preserve Jy mu' g natna adj.

(dial.) gazeHe-eyed

mar' gal n.m. fried fish its slice

. . mar'giat n.m. (dial.) cremation ground

t s l ^

r . mir'gi N.F. epilepsy Cfytjj) mir '&
0/ ha. dm' rah par'na v.t. have an epileptic

At Lyy mir'giya adj. & n.m- epileptic
I ~ mar' lah n.m. (dial.) land measure equiva-
rs lent to 5) square yards
» mar'll n.f. flute V./
t)/ mUraPy a N.F. small flute

^ markin' mat n.f. repairs ; repair

mending adj,

broker. oat cf e.s**..- ; *wi vf gear ’ out
of repair; not in good repair mar am' mat

kami v.t. repair’ mend set right ; put
right beat ; give a hiding punish (A)

. . mar' mar h.m. marble mar'marih adj.
// marble beautiful like marble [PJ
mur'mUra n,m. swollen parched rice

/ . tmram’mam adj. (f. & pl. mflram'-

( mamah) (rare.) repaired amended

(A-V/l

. ma'ran n.m. (dial) death. (£Sdl& jl'van

tyr ma'ran n.m. (dial.) living and dying
Kfc and death wr 1 'n-bar't n.m. fast unto
death j\tf/mar'n-hv adj. doomed to die [S]

mar'na v.t. die ; expire ; breath one’s
last cease fade lose strength

work hard ; sweat and toil suffer hardship ;

be in great trouble long for fall for ; be
desperately in love with Cf.Cy mar'na jl’na n.m.

life and- death living and dying 2\y ty. V/
l'y ( mar'na jfna saikho'na v.t. (of possibility of
death) life tfjrlLymar'nejo'ga adj. fit or deserv-
ing to die Vy^^^yJiLymar'ne kl f Or’ sal na
ho'na v.t. be overwhelmed with have no leisure
Clrjy ma'raja'na v.i. be very “anxious or im»
patient | Cfy mar'-bhuk'ka adj. glutton
mar' pit kar adv. with great difficulty £/p y“V>
msr’ta kya' na kaj'la ph. 1 (etc.) was reduced
to the straits; perforce I (etc.), had to
marie dam lak adv.. till death ; till the last gasp
2~/Lymar'te mar'te adv. while at the point of
(one’s) death {Aj Jyjymar'te mar' ga’ya {par)
ph. never at all did he (etc.) It ty mar jana
v.i. die tlfy mar' Aal'na v.t. be on the point
of death tyjy mar' raih’rta v.t. delay sweat
and toil )/y mar' kar (or ke) a,dv. hardly

great difficulty Clf ay^mar’ kkap ja'na V.T.
have did long ago JJyy mar' mar ke v t. with
great difficulty t mar mit'na v.t. come to
dust be ruined fall for toil hard
' ^-yPjrlf’j&tS/mi'rt bher khaja kha’zirk t
nam' prov. the worst stiff goes in fulfilment of
vow jljtt lu*4-~j\ij'‘d-yma'te ko ma'ren shah' madar'
prov. misfortunes never come singly a
bully would beat the weak
jh. mUtah'da n.m. sweetmeat prepared from
■V parched wheat and ‘gur*
jjyA maT ' va n.m. name of a scented plant

i mar'varld n.m. pearljsrii^lymar'varld-t
JJ Js na-suj tah n.m. unborc * “»*arl
(fig.) virgin (P)

mama r, a v.t. get killed cause to
be subjected to sexual act

ivi )

^ mUruv'oof (coL murav'vat) n.f. favour;
hrijy* kindness benevolence politeness
regard (rare) chivalry < UjtftJJ'yS
mSrVp’pat kar'na (or ba’ratna or se kam‘ le'na) v.t.

show regard for treat kindly [A ~
man]

„ . mirrivaj adj. (f. tz pl. jr»y maratf-

oajah) current customary ; usual
adv. in force in vogue (A ~ £ bj }

^ mUroor' N.M. passage (of time, etc.) [A]

tw

>’ be beaten

u * maror'na v.t. twist contort *>/
maror' n.f. affectation vanity

n.m. pl. (dial, f.) gripes ; colic
ke pet' meh mrror' utk'na v.i. have gripes or
colic feel jealous j>S maror' -pka'li n.f. a

drug used at cure for colic ; gripe-cure beans
1*^/ maro'ra n.m. twist ; strain tfji/ \j>S
maro’ra taro'ri n.f. struggle internal com-
motion tfjjf maro'ii n.f. knot screw
twist ; contortion small roll of grime, dough,
etc. rubbed off palm (fjj/maro'ri de'na v.t.

twist t U tfjj/mato'ri kha'na v.t. be twisted
. mar' vi adj. related ; stated ; narrated

0>/ [A- CCbA

mar' rah n.m. time; turn suf. (sign of
*s adverb) -ly [A]

X, . mar'hatah n.m. Mahratta tff/mar'hati
t/ n.f. language of Maharattas; Mahratti
(arch.) maladministration under the Mahrat-
tas (rare) misrule

Sf * mar' ham n.m. ointment unguent
( / salve cS i fcfiS mar' ham pat'ti kar'na v.t.
dress a wound (joe.) set right [P]

. murhan n.m. dry powdered tobacco

marhoon' adj. (f. mafhoo'.nah)
Osis pledged; mortgaged ^s^ytymarhoon-e
min'nat adj. indebted (to) ; under obligation
(to)

mar"! adj. visible [A ~

mr'ri pron. (short for pron. if)

* . ma'rt n.f. animal pestilence tytfy ma'ri
Os pai'ni v. breaking out of animal plague
or pestilence

m«’rj n.f. alimentary canal

£ viur'ri n.f. upper end of men’s toga among
Os Hindus UV (fymur’n pkah'da n.m. a kind
of stitch in embroidery
ly mirrikh' n.m. Man [A]

/ » murid' n.m. religious or mystic disciple
i'/*S murid' kar'na v.t. make disciple
(of) Vs,s S murid' ho'na v.i. become a disciple
y* muri'di n.f. being a disciple [A~ •Zjji]

V/ martz' N.M. (f. martzah) patient
IA~

L mar'yal adj. weak; feeble emaciated
Us lean lazy yjy mar'yal toftoo ph.
weakling [ - lyj

^ mar'yam n.f. Mary ; die Virgin ^ k'ffy
( s mar'yam to panjah n.m. Mary’s hand ; a
sweet-scented grass supposed to facilitate delivery
[A~H]

• . man' nah n.m. merino [E]

r/

<•> mSr'na v.i. turn turnback bend
y be twisted t a'ns v.i. come
back l‘Ujy miir' ji'na v.i. turn back
bend be twisted \j£>pf‘’/Mur' harna dtkk'na
v.t. not to look back (upon) have no
regard (for) maf mQr kar dekk'na

v.t. turn round and look time and again

\"/pM mu’rakna v.i. be sprained get

wvy f r: ,*„ n A

mark'na, maftdk'na v.t. cover with

~ marlkna, \+>jS mam
•y* (leather) impute
tf> marks n . f . (dial.) Hindu hermit’s cell

ma'za n.m. (same as n.m. it)

jm i .. mizaj' n.m. temperament disposi-
U/ls tion ^temper ; mood vanity suf.
temper l'ys c )lr'i£,'/ , mizaj' asman' par ho'na v.t.
be vain KS,tfs.b !/* mizaj' bor'-ham ho'na v.i. be
upset I’if&iy mizaj' bigar'na v.t. spoil (some-
one’s) temper (by sycophancy, etc.) l*2f
mizaj ' bi'garna v.i. get out of temper C$&!smizaj'
pa’na V.T. feel the temperamental pulse (of) ; be
familiar with (someone’s) disposition CiS/fr's
fJiS'iSlyj) mizaj' pooebk'na (or pur' si kar'na) V.t.
enquire after (someone) health mizaj' -

pi'ti adj. conceited (woman) j'jfly mizaj' -dar
adk conceited ; haughty ^5 iy mizaj' -dan',
mizaj' -spinas' adj. familiar with the
disposition (of) iJjd^’&Jpmiza'j-e shartf’
miza'j-e *a’li, JjXs^ymizaj-t maba'rek ph. how
do you do ; how] are you ;/ & lymizai' kar'na
v.i. put on airs Ch i mizaj’ na mit'na v.i. give
oneself airs Q, bad-mizai' adj. ill-tempered
& tu’nuk-mizaj' adj. testy; touchy;
irritable £,iys' Hz' -mizaj’ adj. hot-headed

mizaj' va'la ADJ. (f. Jb&'ymlznj 1 va’ti) conceit-
ed JJy miza'ji suf. temper {A]
u f. . mAzaJf n.m. humour muzajf'mgar'
s adj. & n.m. humorist f$j${ / t ymSLza&-
niga'ri n.f. humour £ [yjyklan'z-n mazfi# n.m.
wit and humour mioJpiy'yak adj. humo-
rous (A)

584

rV

Ay

muz a’ him adj. hindering ; obstructing ;

I y impeding n.m. hindrance ; obstruction ;
impediment Vy ftymuzahim' ho'rta v.i. hinder;
obstruct ; impede i^ytymuza'hamat n.f.
hindrance; obstruction impediment opposition
resistance VS CiSty muza ham at kar'na v.i.
hinder ; obstruct ; impede oppose resist
O? & bi-la -muza' hamat adj unopposed
unhindered ; unchecked [A]

mazar' mm. (pl. cz>hiy mazar at') shrine

grave; tomb [A ^ &j±j]
t,Jt • . mSzare‘ n.m. cultivator ; tiller ; peasant

vV [a ~ j^bj]

fnazmir' mm. (pl. of Ay n.m. <fc)

„ ~ ,, mUzzva'jat n.f, marriage [A~ Q,jj]

* * s

moza'valat n.f. regular practice [A]

.J»m mazboor' adj. written ; recorded (A]

^ muzjat' adj. petty ; little [A]

. . * mAzokhrafat' n.m. pl. nonsense [A ~
sing. *_> yy\
maz'd n.f. wages [P]

. . mazdoor' (ped. muzdoor') n.m. labourer
A 9 porter( t ^i' j*y mazdoor' -yoo' niyan

(or aft'juman ) trade union •S^jj^y mazdoor'
taihrik' n.f. labour movement (JjJiy mazdoo'n
(ped. mizdeo’n) n.f, wages labour
work [P] v

P /•> rnaz'ra.' ,^/y maz'ra'ah m n.f. (pl. fyXy
C/'/ maia re') farm ; field mazra'a-e

has'ti n.f. (fig.) world [A-~

. mazroo"ah adj. cultivated ; tilled cultur.
able [A~ C*W]

* y muza" far n.m. sweet saffron-coloured dish
y'y of rice adj, saffron-coloured [A ~ tfiyfj]
maz'oo'mah adj. supposed ; presumed
f*yy l y/y maz'oo'mah bet n.f. presump-

tion [A~ f j ]

» muzam'ms n.m. tether lU^ymazam'me
U'na v.t. (fig.) harass [A}

• « mUzav'var adj. base ; counterfeit [A ~

JJJ )

mizmar' n.f. (pl. ySty mazamir')
musical instrument flute [A)

*, mBz'min adj. chronic (disease) (A- *lj )

Ay

cfy

ma'zak , \y ma'za n.m, taste flavour
8y relish deficiousness pleasure
enjoyment fun ['Toy ma'ldk a'na v. relish ;
enjoy ma'zak utha'na (or ur&'na

or pans) v.T. enjoy revel 1*5 i*y ma'zak

par'ns v.i. acquire a taste (for) fall into
the habit (of) ( 'U*eyma'zah (hakka'na v.t. teach
(someone) lesson UaC ey ma' zak &akk' na v.t.
learn a lesson face the music VX, \//»y
ma'zah kir'kira ho'na V.T. (of someone’s game)
get spoiled ( tfylj v/ttL-yi)*yma' zah (or nia'ze)
kar'na (or loot' na) enjoy oneself jlj-yma'zt-dar
adj, tasteful delicious interesting t$Ayy
maze-da ri n.f. taste deliciousness
interest; being interesting jf'^-r/'ma'ze ks adj.
(f .(f^yma'ze ki) interesting CstQl-ymazr
hi bat’ n.f. interesting thing [P]

, , . mazW adj. more greater, increased
•*/ adv. more further
bar -all conj. moreover (A ~ gjl J ]

muzsy'yart adj. bedecked ; decorated;
Cry adorned [A ~

** . muzh'dah n-m. good news ; glad tidings
muzk'dak sina'na v. to announce
good news (to) [P]

A mi’zhah n.f. (pl. ^y mi'zhagafi) eyelash

>y ir r

y mis n.f. Miss [E]

y mis n.m. copper mi' si adj. copper [P]

• y mas n.f. (usu. PL.) down on lips }A&yS
W yy? ma'sefi bhig'na (or pkjoot'na or

aghac' ho na ) " (of down on'lips) appear
grow up

r mas n.m. louch taste (for something)
U ['/ y mas' kar'na v.t. touch feel
i y<y mas' ho'rta v. i have a taste for
feel [A]

j . masa n.f. evening Ls sub' h-o-masa
n.f. day and night [A]

ts ma'sa n.f. difficulty (only in) ^fi^ma'se
kar ke adv. hardly
Is mas'sa n.m. wart

, j mis' sa, u/U*mrr'sa kUs'sa n.m. cheap flour
ground from mixed grain

A^sahaqat N.f. jr)ls musd baqak N.M.
b^race ; competition [A ~ <£&f }
j^^massjid n.f. (pl. of N.F. ★)

565

survey

mensuration

n.m.
surve-

. masa'id adj. favourable n.m
supporter &j*lsmusa‘adat n.f.

*• , * masa'hal n.f

tfCA^flsmasa hal-e. frjkislaa
survey of Pakistan C/LSmassaP :• • -

yor [A]

. mis as' n.m. massage contact oi
O' naked organs of sex (A~ (/"' ]

acipcr j

help ;

support aid ; assistance [A ~ ji U'J
f'l ^ mosa'i n.f. efforts ; endeavours
4/ nm>a‘i-e jami'lah n.f praiseworthy en-

deavours [A~

Vi . mas a fat n.f. (pl. &{jUsmas2jat') riis-
t. anc e mas a fal tai (or

< 70 f'‘) kar'na v.i. cover on traverse a distance ;
travel [A]

n f musa'ftr n.m. traveller passenger

stranger nWtnifjjP^L^mosa'fiy-par'vuri,
(fjljj>Lsmusafir-Mva'zi n.f. hospitality,:^*^
musa fir-kka nah n.m. waiting-room (at railway
station, etc.) bj^LSmasafiranah adj. traveiler-
like as a stranger adv. as a traveller
mass' fatal n.f. travel journey (fJsLSmusa-

fir i n.f. travel journey [ A~ ]

masakin n.m (pl. of y/''* n.m. -fc)

c/O

s, masafon’ n.m. poor; indigent [A~
4^** - SING, j [A]

ill mass li y JLsmasa’lah n.m. (usu but
wrought £ Laf masalah)

condiments ; materials spices ingredients
material CO V Is masala banana v r mix-
condiments tafiK’na v r. lace ;

stitch a cloth (with trinkets, etc.) £t mas a La

dal’na v. season fy^L^masa'le-dar adj. seasoned
with spices ; spiced ; hot

mass' lik n.m. (pl. of u-^’n.m. ★)

r^:

masam' n.m. (pl. massmstj pore

fljut^masam'-dar adj. porous [A]

— S muss' mahal n.f. pardon con-
nivance lA]

. * masan' .n.m. (dial.) crematory [S]

•* f ij» n ‘* ,sSvSt .' n.f equality (Math.)

equationc/»^fcS'(jlXmur5P , a/(-r) da.' raja-,
nv'val n.f. simple equation(5>^nS.(rU / '«;ora:.i'r i )
da'raja-t durum n.f. quadratic equation ; simul-
taneous equation (fjlSmiisa'ii adj. equal 'to ;
equivalent (to) £,tkj , ]) l (jyl/musu'vi-l.azla'' (col.
-«/-) n.f equilateral figure (A]

masa'il N.M. (PL. of

N.M. ★)

j^ytmusab'bib n.m. cause ; causer
4 *f'* musah’bib-ul-asbab' n.m. (God as) the
causer of causes (foif’T'musab'bib-e haqi'ql n.m.
the real doer of things , God [A ~ *-*>”' ]
mas ^ onr l' AD J- P^i > former

*mas't adj. drunk ; intoxicated one
devoid of senses must ; run amuck
lustful ; lascivious ; frenzied with sex impulse
drunk with divine love n.m. mad-saint
(&j\\.)£^t£^'mas‘t-t alas' t (or a’zali) N m. mad
saint bad-mas' t, siyah'-mas't adj.

dead drunk hal'-mas'l adj. intoxicated

with divine love khsl'-mas't adj. (joc.)

happy despite, poverty msl'-nuis't adj.

purseproud (tC*) mastsn { shah ) n.m. p'Vk-

name for a) mad saint I ' V ^' masta'ns v.i get
frenzied }V~~^masta'nah adj, & adv. like an
intoxicated person charming staggering
(motion) (}£—*^ masla ' n \ n.f. mad saintly woman
**j*mas'ti n.f. intoxication frenzy

( } — mas'li a ha (or cJsark'ns) ’-,r.

have sexual frenzy fP)

... " musiaju n.m. lessee of agricultural
J. sr land revenue farmer musts' jiri

n.f lease of land revenue farming

(A - S.t 1

LS^^mUsta sal adj. uprooted [A ~ (T'l
mu', tabid' adj. despotic (A~ ]

* 0 * tl t'nanul>' , ad ad|. unlikely far-futched

• I** a masts' nab adj, mas I a' ni n.f. (see

under ai>j.

* ‘Sunnis' t at nr adj. hidden; concealed )

/*. ,

mustas'.nc ad j. excepted exempted 1

Vs If**** mustas'na kar'na v f. eXccpi
exeinpt ‘ dHjii^'mustnsnayat' n.f. pl. excep-
tions (A —

t jjtr* mUstajab' adj. responded (to)

• ♦ granted'; •accepted tS'f/lifwVi tnns/aja'b

iid - da ' avat ’ adj. (person) whose prayers are
accepted by God [A -

mUsliij'nn‘‘-us-sifal' adj. (man)
( * of many parts repository of attri-
butes [A~ ttsr't v

ZmSmUslajib' n.m. one who grants prayer

• • (A - Ypd ^

^ ’ tahab \dj. desirable (A r

586

mQs’tap son (or •taih-') adj. commendable
OT m [A-

* J ^v* / * mVstah’w adj. present remem-
bered

mustghiql adj. deserving entitled

musUahiq thaihrana v.T. con-
sider deserving L'j? mus'talfiq ho ’ ns v.l.

deserve be entitled (to) [A ~

/jr^* mustah'kam (or -laih-) adj. strong
firm established [A ~
mustahll' adj. difficult baseless

(J~ [A

~ mustakhraj adj. derived taken

& s’ but [A -

& *• m mustad ,i i adj. beseeching ; imploring

[K

~ , mustadv' adj round spherioal ,

■i, 1 *' 0 ' globular [A - j») daw ]

— s mSs'tarad adj. rejected thrown out
mus'tarad kar’na v.T. reject
throw out f A ~ ]

t mis'tari n.m. mechanic mason ;

V/ Drick-layer artificer skilled

worker

I muslazad' adj. extra additional
adv. over and above n.f. verse form
with an extra foot or two appended to each line
\A-

mustashzr’ n.m. one whose council is
sought ; counsellor

•• ij l^mustash'riq n.m. (pi.. (/Jy^^mustash-
riqin) Orientalist (A ~ dJ :y \
ii~* m ustatab' adj. good delectable
[A c-*>]

-J t**^mustatV’ adj. (one) enjoying the means
Cr'' of accomplishing something [A

l mustatii n.f. rectangle adj. rectangular

CA*^ (A ~ J»> )

Cj^Smistaz.' hit adj. (one) seeking help n.m
Z' petitioner [A ~

# ~*musta' ar' adj. borrowed , got on loan

.( *fy*»i8ifa‘an' adj. one whose help is sought
[A- c»/j

^SmSniusla' 'jll adj. short-lived [A- LZJf ]

^ i.‘\ / tmusta$hai’ adj. (one) to whom com-
plaints are made for redress [A ~ Zl^i]
J^/tmusla'id' adj ready , prepared
prompt showing alacrity

masta'id'dl n f readiness promptness pro-
mptitude alacrity [A ~ yU**'')]

mOsla“'fi adj. resigned musta‘'fi

U ho' ns v.i. resign ^

tv'* musla t 'marah n.f (pl.

/ ^ marat') colony [A ~ c>l^l

Lp** /, musta , 'mal adj. current in use
U in vogue used ; secondhand
m\ista u malah adj. used (stuff) ; second-hand

goods [A ~ jy^i]

•• *1*j>musiagh'raq adj. absorbed; engrossed
0/^ [A-jyZ',]

• l^Smaslagh'fir adj. penitent ; repentant

• l&Smustagh'nl adj. rich contented

4/^ content [A~

^ j J^muslaghis' n m plaintiff [A ■»

meant gained

seeking legal opinion

mustafad' adj.
benefited [A ~

-ttLSmustaJ'li adj ' seekir

{T [A— &>,]

•JiySmustafsiT adj. seeking interpretation
[A-jL^i]

•J?ymuslaJid’ adj. profiting gaining
"ti acquiring [A ~ « U^i ]

•-JiZSmusloJii' adj. (one) seeking favour

lTZJ [A- J»]

i*^ LtSmustaq'bil n.m. future future tense

fe°l-e mustaq'bil n m. future
tense [A~ JUi-j] ^

taqar n-m. halting place
faza’i mus'taqar n.m. airport ; aero,
drome [A]

\\£Srms' taqil adj. permanent confirmed
(j unshaken unshakable firm

(rare) separate ; independent oJ^C^'mas'laqd
iradah adj. fixed resolve . determination^ty^)^
mas' taqil asa'mt n.f. permanent post per-
manent vacancy g, ly'cj^mus' taqil-mizsj' ADJ
resolute , of unshakable resolve J*^~'muttaqH'tT
N.f. confirmation ;A~ jD^l]
jpt^mitslaqm adj. straight sin'te-

C - mustaqlm'_ n.m. straight path (fig.)
Islam [A — oslis'i]

S, mas'lak n.m. elephant’s forehead

(dial.) head

s,j£Sm&Jlal'zam adj. nec essita t in g

ko mustal'zam bona v.T. necessitate
(A ~ pt>]

mgs' lamir adj. jjermanent [A •» (^1]
^J^ymust'mand adj. poor needy [A]

587

^ymis'ianad adj. . authoritative

authen-
tic ; reliable [A ~ >>* ]

L mustam'bat adj. derived extracted

At [A

—T/ mustau’jib adj. liable (to punishment,
etc.)[A~ wp>]

**»mastoor' adj. veiled covered
JJf hidden ; concealed ^iJb-^mastoorat' n.f.
pi.. (~sjng. ej£f) ladies purdah observ-
ing women tfjS^mastoo’Ti n.f. concealment
retirement [A - ]

*• mustau'fi n.m. one who realises in
(J Jr full chief collector [A - £•*'•'/ J

maslaul' (or mastool') n.m. mast [~ Por]

•* •* mustau'll adj. possessing (someone’s)
mind [A~

plane

mils' tavi adj. level
straight [A- fjy t \
mas'ti n.f. (see under o^adj. if)

iSf*.
ir'

i >. */musm’da adj. & \.y. (f (fxr'musian'da
stout person hooligan tough
soft' da misiah'da, kaf'ta

mas la ft' da n.m. stout tough ; hoodlum
K/ mis' tar n.m. Mr.; Mister t mis' \arah
n.f. &.suf. mistress

y mas'jid n.f. mosque ^ur^tnasjid-e ag'sa
n.f. Dome of the Rock l&^mas'jid-Ul-

harem' n.f. the Holy Ka'aba
mas'jid n.f. chief mosque (of city, etc.)
large mosque (A - ejf* ]

m usaj'ja' adj. rhymed (prose) [A~ & J.

_ masjood n.m. object of worship [A~ »j^}
//•

n.m. wiping anointing [A]

mashoar' adj. fascinated bewitc hed;

enchanted [A ■« .<■%?]

mas’kh, ojj> ma’skh.skU’dah adj.

Cs mutilated metamorphosed into a lower
species Vjtgfmas'bk ho'ns v. i. be mu It dated
be metamorphosed thus [A]

• mUsakh'khar adj. overcome ; subdued
[A~ ^*1

mas' kharah n.m. jester, fool; buffoon
wag mas'khara-pan n.m.

mas'kharagi n.f jesting foolery ; buffo-

onery [A]

.m us ad' das n.m. hexagon verseform

comprising six-lined stanzas adj. hexa.
gonal[A - jr^U)

m osdood' ADJ- shut ; closed (A

»• j masar'rat (col. musar'ral) n.f. joy ;

delight ; pleasure ; happiness [A]

*. >• mUs'tif ADJ. & N.M. (pl. og/Smusrifln')

extravagant ; prodigal [A- ofyi]
masroor' adj. -happy ; glad ; pleased ;
' delighted ; cheerful [A~ Jiy y ]
masroo'qah adj. stolen [A«* 2f / ’]

by* mUsat'taJf adj. plane ; level ; even.

{y f A ~ & )

Uy mis' tar n.m. ruler (arch.) threaded
paper (used as a ruler for unruled sheets
of paper) such ruled paper calligraphist’s
ruled sheet [A - Jy ]

I ,JjS m *sioot‘ adj. written [A- J** J

mas'oad' adj. (f. & pl. t ,j*^’mas , oo'dah)
lucky ; fortunate [A— jjy ]

^ . p’Zy 'mUsaq'qaf adj. roofed [A~

/ mis'k n.f. (same as ^Jp-
mUsh'k n.f. if) / ^

\/ + musak'ka 'n.m. muzzle (for

animal) s. \

/•iA« miska'na v.i. (dial.) (same as \ v f

* v.t. ★) J I

mis' kit adj. silencmg (reply) A I

•* / mdskira? n.f. intoxicants [A~>

^ jfiAV]

mUskura'na v.i. (dial iTfc^mSrAa'no)

* smile simper ; smirk grin
miskuTa'hat n.f. smile simper

smirk grin

J^Smas'kan n.m. (pl. yfifis masa'kin) resi-
C'”, dence ; abode , habitation [A- &/>)
Csmusak'kin adj. sedative n.m. anodyne
V [A- ctP )

..jT^ma'sakiia, C^hPim'shA ji'n 3 V.I. bf

tom at the seams

yjy'mas’kanat n.f. indigence humility

maskoon ' adj. inhabited ; habitable

S^mas'kah n.m. butter i & ntas'kah lagtfna

v.t. cajole flatter (AJ

tyy*miskin' adj. poor meek n.m. (pl.

masakln') poor person meek
person (f+£*misfa'rft n.f. poverty ; indigence
meekness [A]

588

<r

mis'l (col. mi'sal ) n.f. file record (of
C/ case); file file cover ^ mis'l-kliafi
n.m. reader l mural' lab kar’na v.t.

prepare record (of case)

A*** mUsal'lah adj. armed ; equipped
w' armoured (A ~

tnUsal'sal adj. coherent ; linked to-
U gether consecutive ; successive adv.
consecutively [A ~

LiS musol’lal adj. conquered subdued

, appointed; set over ruling (A ~ &Lk^}
/W mas'lak n.m. (pl. masn'lik)

way conduct school of thought [A]
ntus'lim n.m. (pl. mistimin')

| one who professes Islam ; Muslim one
who surrenders himself to Allah’s will
fA~ ftwj

musal’lam adj. admitted ; granted ;
conceded (of fowl, etc.) cooked whole
r VS mtZgh-c musal'ltin/ \. M . ror.u fowl

.1 ty ma'salmnn n.m. (ped. pl. ^ 'jilftnusa! -
O'* manan' or -afi) Muslim Lb^musalmn’ni
n.f. Islamic faith (a rh.) circumcision
adj. Islamic [P~A S'*

musal'lamr.h adj. universally admitted

l>^

accepted (truth, etc.) (A ~ — J 1

via' salmi v.t. crush '

vicsloob’ adj. (of thing) snatched
away (of person) deprived of
^jh^jvrjloo' h-nl-bavas' , i )r* , t>- r '±*masloo'b-
ul-'aq'l adj. deprived of senses (one) in his
dotage [A ~ . — ** ]

lj maslool' adj. drawn (sword) [A ~ J* ]

(P f d. "olf^ ) m'nsammal' n.f. legal title
used before woman’s name to jioint out
the sex ; Mrs. Miss ; Lady adj. named
[A~m.

(of building) razed; dcmolish-

J ** ed (A]

nusmare zam n.m. mesmerism f

Sets'

mismare'zqm kar'na v.t. mesmerize
l) I) viismare' zom kar’ne vala n.m. mes--
merist [EJ

. mUs'musa adj. (f. mus'musi) hav*

** ing an air of humbleness (one) u ith an
air of innocence \,jfi(C>jj*b) (J^S^ mus'musi
ihak'l (or soo'ral ) baia”t adj. with an air of hum-
bleness or innocence

masmoo adj. heard [A~

masmoom ' adj. poisoned ; venomous

[A ~ f sam]

viosam'ms adj; named ; called [A~ r> i

( musam'mi n.m. (pl. mSsam'miy an)

(j legal title used before man’s name to
point out the sex [ ~ A r* mosom'ma corr.)

? jgS musam'mi n.f. sweet tangerine [coR|t. of
O A~ (f"y seasonal]

musin' adj. old ; aged ; advanced far
O years grown up [A~ { y' sin age]
u a mas'nad N.f. throne exalted tjljS*
nias'nad-fira', i yTTt>'vias' nad-nashih' adj,
adorning a throne enthroned n.m. reigning
prince mos'nad-ara’i, mas'nad

nasbi'ni n.f. accession to the throne [A~ j^*\

. > mas' nad n.m. predicate mus'nadihxih

n.m. subject [A- mad']
masnoon' adj. as practiced by the Holy
Prophet ; Traditional [A~ i^*\

I misvak’ n.f. tooth-brush [A]

musav’vadah n.m. *(col. musvad'dah )

draft manuscript [A~

^a masoor n.f. lentils ; a kind of pulse
J lj I d* a yeh miinh aur masoor' H

dal' prov. hdw can lie (etc.) deserve it ?

> j, masoo'rh.d n.m. gum (holding one’s set of
teeth) Cfj‘f£.jj*'masoo’rh c pkool'na v.r.
have rcvollen gums

. . masos'nd 'V.T. twist (heart, etc.) owing

to grief- kalejd masos' hat

raihja'ita v.t. suffer grief patiently
. a masaih'ri n.f. canopied
L/S*' bed mosquito iict
ifSmus'hil adj. aperient n.m.

< j aperient looseness of

i>owels[A~ Jts'l] j.

i*a mas" nlak n.m. (pl. JriSmasa’il) issue;
a*** question tlicorcm proposition

(A doublet of Jly)

. s j,mas"ool adj. responsible ; answerable

a mis' si n.f. red lead used as toothpowder
(j and lipstick for its darknfessing effect
L'J(J?k / 'ir‘ mis' si ka’jal kar'na v.t. do one’s
make-up C If,'.. 0 /yrf’lflf' mis ' si ** dka'ii
hoii'toii par jama na v.t. paint one’s lips dark

masih’ n.m, Christ ; Messiah an-
C? nointed ffT masi'fa n.m. & adj. Chris-

£**.

589

— . t'^mUsha' bahat n.f.

^L^Jarhy

tian kr'* mast fa n.m. Messiah healer
beloved JUS"' mastf a”i n.f. healing power
power to restore to life , suspire v/d&l' ma'siha'i
kar'na v.t heal quicken

resemblance simi-
likeness similitude x
mushabth adj. like resembling analogous

(A ~ ^^shib’h)

4 m&shat' adj. indicated ; signified
J ^ misha'r tin Hath' adj. aforesaid: the
said (person) above mentioned [A~ ,vli|]

. ^ij.^masjta'nb n.m. (pl. of ‘tv^ / *n.m. -fr)

masha'riq n.f. (pi. of n f. -*)

ojey

mitshar akat nf partnership |A~

*1

mashsbatah n.f waiting maid make-
up expert ; tire-woman woman acting
as marriage-agent mashsjia'lagi n.f.

make-up acting a's marriage agent [A~ k>*
mush'l comb)

musha'ar'ah n.m. meeting at which poets

recste their verse in turn ; ‘musha’ira’

‘ I'

•y mashaghil n.m. (pl. of n.m. if)

0

|A~

(Jffr

1 musha'faJmh n.m. facing one another (only
in) bil-miishu'faha/i adj. private

(talk) adv. face-to-face J&jf&lbii-moska'jahah
g [ft-u-goo' tete-a-tete face-to-face talk
confrontation (A - Zas lip]

•*1 a, mashshaq' adj. practised; expert jli'
mashsha'qi n.f. practice ; expertness

i*~ Cr* ]

masham' n.f. smell sense of smell
f ** organ of smell (A - SKZ- ]

**. Bshjfvarat n.f. mutual consultation

. U* n.m. observation wit-

nesting die divinity ; contemplation
Vs mushahadah kar’na v.t. & i. observe
contemplate mush a' hid n.m. observer

{A - ^, 1 ^)

• mush'hdrafi n.m. monthly pay ; salary
*Sl'** r [A - ^ month]

. :,.nashahir' n.m. famous - persons.
/Z 1 '*' celebrities the elite [A - sino. jyr' ]

wa ~ a N,M ' ( PL * £T**n.m. ★)

•'j ,A, masha'i N.M. (pl. cc/l>masha'ixyin’)
0 peripatetic (A- t/s ]

. — •*# musha'ya'at n.f. going along (someone'

*' to see him off [A]

A. mushab'bah n.m. object for which a smile
• is used adj. likened (object) ^
moshab'bnh be-hi' n.m that to which anything is
likened (A - )

.. mdsh't n.f. fist blow handful
4 ^ 1 *^ 0*f "uZ^tnUsk't-e uslukhafi n.f. mere
skeleton; very weak body (
khak' (or ghubar') , n.f. handful of dust
(fig.) man 'J 'j^^s'mush't-iam n.f. mastur-
bation (joc.) boxing l'J'(^C^‘mUsht-ma!i kar'na
V.t. massage 2=£- mUsh'te numoo'na(-e)

a,; knar ia re ph. specimen ; a handful out of a
heap { P ]

** mushiaq adj. found ; ardent wist-
ful ; longing i'j^oV^'mushtaq hona v.t
be fond of long for kGtsis'mushtaqa' nah

adj. fond longing adv. fondly
longingly jc^'mushta’qt n.f. fondness
longing [A - Jjs *' i ]

jJZ? mushtabah' adj. doubtful,; dubious
suspect n.m. suspect (A — e^'l]
fC niUsh’tatak, (f. & pl. /j^s'' musjtla rakah)
adj. joint common shared
adv. jointly in partnership (with)
mjsbtar' akoh taur' par ph. jointly [A - j'lyj'i]
mush' lari n.m. Jupiter n.m. buyer [A]

rJjJZfr'iBsh'ta'il adj. enraged kindled
I'S'J^^mBsh’ta'il ho’na v.t. be enraged
be kindled J^J^mush'ta'il ho kar adv
under provocation [A ~ ]

**j&^mush'taq n.m. derivative adj. drived from

U JA-Z&*,]

mush' tamil adj. inclusive (of) ; includ-
es ing ; containing comprehending
consisting (of) ; comprising L'f J^'mush’ tamil
ho'na v.t. consist of ; comprise [A~ (JCr^f )
ry mush'tohar adj. advertised made

public vjy5-~s' jpush’ta/uir kar’na v t.
advertise make public n.m.
(pl. clys^mushlahirin') advertiser [A -

mush'tahl adj. appetizing n.m. appetizer
(A - J

| Jy mushaj'jar adj. silk with arboreal

. patterns tapestry (A - jlf'i ]
mushakh’khas adj. ^defined; specified
L/ individualized mbshakh’khas kar'm

v t. defoul ; specify individuajize j&i
na-mbshakh' khas adj. unspecified ^^i'J'khar-e
na-mshakh'khas • * (ped.j unspecified ass , arrant
fool (A- jrf* )

590

. !• mashad'dad apj. doubled (letter) (this)
•A-*' bearing tashdid («<)(A-~>3']

■nrjyrw'h'rzb K.iv'. way off

life (rare) place of drinking [A]
-Sifmishar'Tah adj. detailed annotated
Cx with a commentary having an exegesis

[A

•^SymSshar'rqf adj. honoured exalted
vSfiyi^ JJy^mslshar'ra/^ ba-islsm' kar’na
v.t. convert to Islam

*1 u.maMr\q n.f. (pl.JA >masha'riq)~ east

y'' place of sunrise } ) jyidy^m ash' riq-e

bald" (or aq'sa) n.f. Far East
mash’nq-e qarib' (or ad'na) N.F. Near East
rrwsJi'nq-e vus'tc n.f. (wrong but usu. form for
JtS}l fjySmash' riq-e ou' sal shat' q-e au’sat)
n m. Middle East ; Mid-East JyJ^mash'Tiqi adj.
Eastern , ortental u £y2 / 'mashriqain' n.m. pl. the
two Easts ; extremely points of sunrise during
summer' and winter t y*££^U*>bo t 'd-3l-mas]>riqain'
n.m. a world of difference [A~ Os']/
f^mUih'rik n.m. colytheist [A- up>\

n.f. hard labour c^^bn-mashaef qal adj. rigorous
(imprisonment) bi-la-mashaq' qat adt.

w! f y

^jvymast'toah' n . m , ( pl . Cly^mashroobal')

•/ drink beverage
.jjymashmt' adj. conditional*af>£^2s. « mash j-
root’ ho'na v i. be conditional on [A -

£. ji^mashroo'’ adj. lawful legitimate

permissible (rare) programme na-
•>’ n>h to/i‘ ' adi unlawful [A —
tjjymash 'a> (or wrong but ped. mish'al) n.f,
C/ torch (f$*~'mas]>’‘alchi N.M. torch-bearcr
[A.-Ja^l

,^,mosh‘$halah n.m. {PL.JflsmoshagfiH)
avocation hobby amusement.,;

pastime job , vocation [A doublet of J*^]

J • •ymashghQol’ adj. busy • occupied ; engaged
''dr JjiZ'maskghoo’ll, sSJy^maihQoaliy'ynt n.f.
preoccupation ; being occupied (with) [A~ rf**]
-vj* mash'fiq N M. friend adj. kind ; considc-
IJ rate affectionate HS^mush'fiqa'nsh adj.
kind affectionate adv. kindly affec*
tionately \\~CZ**)

"tymash'q n F. exercise practice model
U lettering its copy ; repeated copies of it ;
copy v/cr'moMq bar'nst v.t exercise
practise copy Vyjj^mash'q ho'na v t, have
practice be skilled (in) mash'qi adj.
exercise (book) practice (work) pracitcal
(lesson)

mjfrnmjtof qat (col, mu-) n f, hard work
toil labour AjP&j^tnashaq'qat-t *5 adid'

mashkizah n . m .

simple (imprisonment) [A]
fi, mush'k n-f. water-skin tjj
small water-skin [P]

/i^mUsh'k n.m. musk J*

> XjUfmVsh'k a’n-asl ke khUd' bi-bo'yad na kt
'altar' bi-go’ yad prov. selfpraise is no recom-
mendation jU&m'Hsh'k-bsr adj. diffusing
musk fragrant tfj J^iriustlk-besH n. f fragrance
mBsh'k-boo adj. muskscented fragrant
(V *— ■ & Tt&sh'k-f&m adj. jet black ^ \.’*^&mush'k-
na fah n.m. musk bag ^'mUsh'kl adj. (of hone)
blade n.m. black-horse ij^tn ush'kift adj.
musk of or like musk black [P]

/fetmVshak'kik adj. sceptical Pyrrhonic
N.m. sceptic Pyrrhonian [A-

mUsh'kil adj. difficult ; hard n.p. (pl. £>}}£>
i/ mushkilat') difficulty ; hardship
mUsh'kil zsuri kar’na v.t. remove ^difficulty
solve (someone's) problemist '!j&mHsh'ktl
ararT ho’na v i. (of difficulty) be removed of a
hardship jJ^dJ^masit'kil-pasand' adj. (one.)
given to using difficult language (one) en-
joying difficulties ifj%Jr'mgsh'kil-pasati’di n.f.
fondness for difficult styles (or situations)
mush'kil se adv. with difficulty hardly
^/^^mush'ki t -kasha n.m. one who removes diffi-
culties $ l^l)^mush'kil-kusha"t n.f. removal of
difficulty Vjfj mush'kil melt par’ni
(or girifldr' ho'na) v.T. land oneself into trouble

t A ?jtfl ^ '

m\fiymishkat' n.f. niche (for lamp)

mishka t-iil-mas&bik' n.m. niche for lamps

[A]

fc/tmashkoor’ adj. (col. though wrong) thank-
d* ful ; grateful [A

( (&/>mashkook' adj. doubtful ; dubious ; un*
*~Jr certain [A~<-(>] .

A* mash’ki adj., ( j*p'mish'Hit (see under
{jT mushk n.M. ★) ** ^

m famashki'zak n.m. (see under

^ST N-F *)

Apmush'keft n.f. both the arms or the shoulders
{J7. tied behind as punishment(U—
mush kch battik na (or kai’na) v.t. pinion
I psmaskmoai (f. & pl. Jjr inashmoo'tah ) adj
U* j. included (in) ; incorporated (with) [A—

Jy“\

•y mi’ shan n.f. mission adj. serving the ends of
ir a Christian mission jJ^'mish’nari n.m.
missionary n.f. (col.) Christian mission [E]

591

•*r*

place of (.someone’s)
mausoleum of a martyr

0 ‘~f mc *h' v 1toh, n.m. (rare) ^J-^mash'varat) n.f.

consultation counsel (usu, pl.)
plor , conspiracy t 'fosjZ'masJiparok kar'nS v.t.
consult take advice deliberate bfejjZS
mash'varah ho'na v.i, be consulted come to

the conclusion [A]

*r ~/ mii s!l aB ' Ba ?h $dj. Jterplexed uneasy ;
disturbed
mash' had n.m.
martyrdom

[A~

~Smashhood' adj. clear ; manifest wit-

nessed [A —

A/ masbheor' adj. well-known famous
JJ" celebrated reputed notable
mash' hooro-ma' roof adj. well-known famous

reputed i/jf^’mashhoo'ri n.f. fame

reputation [A~*£^] . .

Ay. mash'y n.f. walking ("?* * j (jF'mash'y fin-naum'
O n.f somnambulism [A]

^A^mashiy'yat n.f. will pleasure (also

** mashiy'yat-e e'zadi) the will of

God ; fate [A ~ l?) . .

' ^mashi'khat n.f. pride ; vanity

** IV mashi'khat kifkiriho'na v.i. (of some
one’s pride) humbled T 'by&Z'i mashi’khat ma'ab'
adj. vainglorious [A~ £T]

A^mashayyad (f. & pl. tj^mUsfuiy'yadah) adj.
-Sr rainforced cemented [A]

A^mishir' n.m. adviser ; counsellor con-
/Z sultant t muM'r-e khas n.m. privy
counsellor special consultant
. itd-dau'lah n.m. Slate adviser musWr-e mat

n.m. financial adviser^^^) qanoo'ni mUshir'
N.m. legal adviser [A~

AAmashin' n.f. machine sewing machine
maskin' -gan n.f. machine-gun^^"
mash i' hi adj. mechanical machine jjjfff'

mashl'ni dour n.m. machine age [E]

^ ^^masabib' n.m. (pl. ofclfPXM. ★)

mUsa'hlb n.m, companion *aid-de-
**J*U* / camp‘ ; A.D.C. tSft^jnSra'^iaf n.f.
companionship ; company ; society [A ~
^m jr^ ynasa'hif n.m.- (pl. of<J^t.M. if)

^j^masa’dir n.m. (pl. ofdt—N.M. if)

^^ynosa'n/ n.m. (pl. of^N.M. *)

V mUsa’fahoh njt- handshake luCt&mMsa'-
fatah kar’na v.t. shake hands ; shake
(someone) by the hand [A]

masa'Uh n.m. (pl. qf if)
moss' la n m. (same as JIVn.m. -&)

4^UV

muss' lahat n.f, reconciliation com-

position ; compounding ; adjustment
specification cessation of hostilities
musa'lahat katana v.t. reconcile bring

\ about an end of hostilties (between) r f v ~jL*s
musa'lahat kar'na v. become reconciled (to;
make peace (with) adjust ; compound [A ~

O

ri*'"

mosa"ib n.m. (pl. ofiSfJ^N.F. if)

-\ i f£fmisbaH n.m. (pl. g-l*smasabifi') lamp [A~

C'' ^ 3

r musah'hek n.m. emendator
proof-reader one who

(rare)

.'ggtmus'kaj n.m. (pl .^iesmasa'hif) the
Holy Quran page beloved’s (usu.
sleek) face [AJ

.jf misdaq' n.m. proof ; evidence ; (only in)
kc misdaq' PH. according to [AJ
J .^mos'dar n.m. (PL/jU^masa'dir) infinitive ;
“*** infinitive mood noun of action source
origin fjllj-*^'mas'dar-e la'zim N.M. intransitive
verb ($j*kij**'mas’dar-e muta'ad’di N.M. transitive
verb [A

fJ^^mUsad’diq adj. verifier [A-

£ musad'daqah adj.. true attested

-^^authenticated J^Sjue^misad'daqah naq’l N.M.
true eopy [A~

\-fmis'r n.m. Egypt (pi. jL*damsar')

/ garrison town ; city (1^‘mis’ri n.m. tk adj.
Egyptian [A]

^ytmUsir' adJ. insistent [A - jj/^f J

oy^fnusar'ral} adj. clarified ; elaborated eluci-
^ dated [A- gyJ]

py^mis'ra^^mis'ra'ah n.m. hcmigtitch .

U line of. a verse (rare) leaf (of door)
l*l£ I t S*" mis'ra 1 Sf*a'»a v.t. (of audience)
repeat reciting) poet* line as sign of appreciation
& /g, finis' ra'-t tar’h n.m- line set for completion
of verse t/^mis’ra 1 lags' hi v.t. complete a
couplet by adding a line to given hemhtidi [AJ
fb^tvnas'raf n.m. (pl.* - ^ L a/* mass' rif) expen-

V^diture use ; utility
^J^findsTOo" adj. epileptic [A- 1//*\

592

t masroof adj. busy ; occupied ; engaged ;
having one’s hand full
ho' ns v.i. bebusy&fy&'masroofiy'yat n.f. engage-
ment ; preoccupation [A ~£>/*sar'f]
\iAf misrl N - F - sugar-candy ka

V/ koo’zah n.m. cup of sugar-candy adj. very
sweet kl da’ll n.f. lump of sugar

adj. very sweet sugar-cake
, ^^fnis'r\ adj. (see under n.m. if)

i^dfniUs'tafs adj. chosen ; selected n.m. this
as the Holy Prophet’s appellation [A ~

U*f']

tU^mas'taqi n.f« mastic ; gum-nr.astic (P ~ A

0 '($*** ~Gj

& i t-f mastalahst' n.f. (dial, m.) technical
terms terminology [A ~
i • v v«(or &tSmusaf'fa adj. clean clarified

(j . pure [A ~

1*0/ misqf'fi adj. cleaning.; purifying adj.
O cleaner ; purifier musaf'fi-e khoon'

adj. blood purified [A

tt^Slor l^mUsal’ln n.m. prayer-carpet [A~

Ao/mus'leh n.m. (pl. muslehtn) reformer

U corrective (A — £, ]

tja/mas'lahat n.f. (pl. m. £ US mass' leh) ex-

pedicnce ; expediency advisability
prudence considerations vfcc^f'rnas'.lahat-biii
adj. prudent ; vyise ; farsecing C^jC^^mas'lahat
dekk'tia v.t. regard as advisable tOS/ <-^s u> 'mas'-
lahat-t vaq't n.f. expediency opportune
moment’ seasonable caution ^^‘mas'lah.altn

adv. as a measure of expediency [A ~
j tmasloob ’ adJ- crucified (A~

yO^musal'li n.m. - one who says prayers
v sweeper converted to Islam [A — ;y-»]
jpS masam'mam adj. firm (resolve) vlslf***
| mis am' mam ir&'dah n.m. firm resolve; deter-
mination [A-^C'’*) ,

• n.m. {PL.(£***musannifin’)

writer ; author Jt^mOsan'ni-fah m.f. (pl.
C'lH^musamifst') writer ; authoress [A

t jmsan'naf n.m. (pl. ^ti^nutsan'naf at)
olume comprising the Holy Prophet’s
Traditions arranged subjectwise A^musan'nafah
adv. by ; written by [A-aJ**-*')
6* a/t masnoo"ah adj. made; prepared ; manu-
< V l **^actured made wpCI/j^masnoo'at' n.f.
pl. manufactures £y J *'tnasnoo"l adj. aptili
cial fabricated false unnatural [A~

musav vtr

t mfUa're‘ n.m. (gram.) aorist tense aorist
name of a common prosodic metre

n.m. (pl. d JS^musavviriit ' )
painter artist lSjif e/ ' musav'viri n.t u
painting drawing graphic art ’]

j ^3/ mUsav' var adj. pictorial illustrated JA

y* ->>■]

^masoon' adj. safe ; protected ; guarded (A ~

S&i >]

^•"musi'bat n.f. trouble affliction

* disaster misfortune calamity

(CPfi L S’! must' bat Utka'ns (or

bhar'na or fc'gafna or jhtl'ns) v.i. undergo
trouble must' bat- zadah adJ. unfortunate

miserable afflicted <J ^/*S*r^^fftOhl ' bal-zadagun

n.m. pl. the afflicted l>*bfoj*£cu???rniisi’bat ke
din' kat'nd v.t. pass one’s days in trouble
VX must' bat men par 'ns -v.i. be 'overtaken by
misery tZisf^jCfena-gahs'tumisi'bat n.f. un-
expected trouble ; a bolt from the blue [A)

/ . mazar' n.m. (pl. of*5&*N.F. if)

tiv"

&&

[A]

mats" a! doubled multiplied;
increased n.m. stem, (of word) repeating
one or more letters [A~c***ze l, f]

muzzf n.m. noun in the possessive case ,
b*0 / * possessor adj. related or appended toU»UV
I muzaf-elaih' n.m. possessed noun or pronoun
[A ~cfa»] s. ...

# , muzqfdt' N.F. (zlto/rJZbU’mizs'fd't *

xhaih'r) suburbs [A —

^M^mazsmtn' n.m. (pl. of cfjritM. fe)

, muzs'yaqah n.m. harm (in doing something)
CTuiy i/y'JZl kuehh. nuts' yaqah na'hih ph.

don’t you worry ■ it is of no consequence ( ~ A
straitening]

, \fmazboot' adj. strong ; fixed ; fast
Py!r firm (resolve) cogent ; (reasoning)
durable ; lasting i fs?*mazboo’tt N.F. strength
firmness cogency durability ; long wear
[A-V*]

/jqSmaz'hik adj. ridiculous ludicrous .

droll facetious [A~foll.]
£<&‘muz'takah n.m. fun ridicule drol-
lery facctiousncss i Js**msz kakah
urs'ns v-.T. ridicule yS" Js 0 * maz'haka-khez' adj.
ridiculous ludicrous laughter-provok-

> ng [A] .......

I • t * mu V r ' AD J- injurious hurtful per-rn-
[/^ cious deleterious noxious baneful

detrimental (A- ]

4"^

593

IX

mizrab’ n.f. plectrum [A~

•jnazar'ral n.f. (pi.. «5^ / *ma^arrgt') harm;
y^damage detriment O^^ymazar'rai-
r&ssh’ adj. harmful damaging detri-
mental ^j^y^mazar'rat rasa'rii n.f. harm;
damage damaging capacity mischievous-
ne-s ; mischief [A ~ ^i>]

j • jmazroob' adj. hurt; wounded. in*
4^/^ jured n.m. (math.) multiplicant
mazroob'-fih' n.m. (Math), multiplier [A~
rJy*mUz’ tir adj, afflicted desperate ;
chagrined powerless ; left with no choice

[A ~jpf]

. mUz'laiib ’ adj. disturbed uneasy
troubled ; agitated

tarib-ul-hal’ adj. in straitened circumstances
Vsi mUz’tcrib ho’na v.i. be restless be un-
easy ; be disturbed be agitated ; be in a state
of commotion muztaribanah adj. dis-

turbed uneasy agitated adv. uneasily
in a agitated state of mind [A~»*~^f*^]

^4* mu z'mahil adj. fatigued ; exhausted

(Jr weak ; infirm [A— Jn^f]

muz mar adj. hidden ; latent n.m. (gram.)
./* antecedent [A ~ ]

^s&mazmoom' adj. (of some letter) having a
pesh’ (— ) over it [A ~ ]

Jg^mazmoon’ n.m. (pl. mazmin’)

composition ; essay ; article subject
topic subject-matter ; contents meaning;
sense ; purport j t^lyy^mazmoon'-nigar' n.m.
contributor to a periodical writer of essay
article, etc. yy^mazmoon'-ttiga'rl n.f.
article-writing essay-writing contribution
to a periodical tjij ^Pmazmoon' -navis', n.m.
writer of an article essayist i^J^Pmazmon'-
turn's* n.f. article-writing essay-writing
composition [A]

mazy ms-maza’ pl. let bygones be
W. bygones ; forgive and forget [A~

(jf^went]

'mata’bt' n.m. (pl. of£? n.m. it)

i-^/mata'lib n.m. (pl. of ^Pmaflab if)

^.mUta'labah n.m. (PL.dJUU u'mutalabat')
* demand requisition [A ~ ,_>b ]

muta'la'ah n.m. study ; reading ; perusal
1'sCJUtSmutala‘ah kar'na v.t. study ; read ;
peruse [A]

, muta'yabah n.m. ( (pl. uaUU»'' mutayabut’)

^XU^jest joke [A~ J

matab ' n.m. clinic [A~ J

•^/‘mat'bakh n.m. kitchen [A~ ]

mat’ba' n.m. (pl. a '£«*) press; print-
ing press [A~ £}

-hfjnatboo“ adj. agreeable ^ delectable

tj* liked by bom (poet) {ftirfrjp'maiboo' t -e
khala”iq adj. according to the public taste
[A~ d\

u / ,matboo' , ah adj. pri n ted ‘Z'tfsrmatboo'al’
jj,f, books publications [A
ma’tar n.m. (rare) rain [A]

•V mSla'&i? adv. like ; alike correspond-
ing (to) ; conforming (to) in accordance
(with) ; according (to) uftj.lk/mutabiq kar’na
v.t. make alike L'yjjtUymuta' big ho’na v.t.
conform (to) ; correspond (to) be like be
alike rmUta'baqat n.f. similarity con
fwrniity [A]

mUti" n.m, & ADJ. one who is obeyed

&<►*(

\AmOf\ H)

, *

.mats' It' n.m. (pl. of^T^N.M. ★)

r

^i^mul’rib n.m. singer ; songster surging-
*/ man (rare) entertainer ■ip'mgt'ribah n.f.
(pl. C'iymulrihal') female singer ; songstress
female artiste [A~ •y/]

/J *.mafoon' adj. reproached; child
blameworthy [A ~

yj^mutal'la adj. gilded ; gilt [P~A]

^mat’lab tz.M. (pL.^Usmalalib) meaning

purport wish ; desire object ; aim;
purpose motive corcern yyy.^J^mat'lab-
bar-sr* n.f. selfishness achieving one’*
object cXjuJ^mal’lab rakk'ns v.i. have an

interest (in)* be motivated by something w**''
Carnal' lab-e sa'’di di' gar-os' t ph. the real
purpose is different jif^maflab kayar' n.m.

selfish person time-server one having
ulterior motives CJl^ly^maflab niksl'tta v. gain
one’s object to serve the purpose mat’ lab

nikal’na v.t. have one’s object served tjf < r P >/ ‘
mat’lab ho' ns v.t. & i. mean have a concern
(frmat’labl adj. selfish ; self-seeking ; one dri-
ven by ulterior motives [A~

Jjy mafia* n-M. place of rising cast
W (of sun, etc.) sky exordium (of ode, etc.)

mafia' stj’ ho'v 9 v.t. (of weather)
be clear (A— fjp\

594

OW

tala' adj. notified ; informed : t inti
& mated aware (of) t/t^mat' tala kar'-na
v.T. notify ; inform ; intimate \!/ r Carnal' tala'
ho’na v.i. be informed ; become aware (of)

"ifrSmUL'laq adj. absolute (rare) free inde-
ed pendent adv. entirely altogether
(not) at all ; (not) in the least Wljjr'matlaq-
ul-iifan' adj. absolute (authority) despotic
(ruler) Qb’mut'laqan adv. absolutely en-
tirely altogether (not) at all ; (not) in the
least [A ~ Jiifrt]

<*My>mUld'laqah adj. & n.f. (PL.^U^mSia/fa-
qdt') divorced (woman)

^.i.matluob' n.m. object of one’s love ; be-
'/** loved adj. desired *r 'jrfjtfa-h#v val-
matloob' t h. Q. E D (A -
Cf J*'* mat’mak-e nazar n.m. goal ; aim ;
/ t/ object ; objective [P~A place where
one casts one glance]

* mat' me? in adj. satisfied [A~ u)£f>]

^J^fmalav'vd adj. lengthy j prolonged [A~

mtftah'har (f. & pl. e/J^mutah'karah) adj.
S' purified cleansed yJ^mltah'kir adj.
purifying cleansing [A - yJP ]

U/tmatir' adj. raining : coming down in
SZ drop,.(A~>]

mUti *' adj. submissive obedient
& [A-C^jJ-t]

^^naza'lim N.U. (pi. of ^thN.M. ★)
^^ma&hir n.m. (pt. of y^u.u. if)

ig+ml&'lmah n.m. demonstration [A~ jS]

iztff’fir adj. victorious successful
mazaf'fax-o-mansoar’ adj. & adv,
triumphant(Iy) [A- ^i>']
jyjpmazloom’ adj. wronged aggrieved
[■* oppressed n.m. (pl. & && mazlooitfn )
wronged party oppressed (person) tfjb'
\ mttiloo'ml N.F. being the victim of oppression

C? piaz'har n.m. phenomenon^U^JWfl^'AiV
S* N.M. PL. phenomena C^^tHemaza'kir-e
qUd’nl n.m. pl, natural phenomena (A ~ jyf]
tit mHz' hit n.m. (pl. ^jJ'mSzhirztn') witness
S' adj. communicating ; revealihg
tk' Uha’bar mMz'hir hat v.T. a news-item ^reveals
[A~ jiff I ]

*/* ma* prep, with along with ma'-al-
khair' adv. safely ; safe and secure 1-*^"
ma'a-hazu adj. in addition to in spite of
despite ''tv ma‘an' adv. all of a sudden
instantaneously «£»?'* ma'iy'yat n.m. ★) [A]
^^yna*a'bid n.m. (pl. of^tN.M. -fr)

^ mo' a lib n.m. (pn^-Wmo'alibii?) re*

• Improver cxposlulator'r't*'’ mo' a tab n.m,
blameworthy person [A -
I ma'ad'' n.f. the next world ; hereafter
aU^t/tv ma t adr-o-ma‘id > n.f. this world
and the next temporal and spiritual needs
[A~ xf place of return]

, , ma'adin n.f. (pl. oft^vjj.M. if )

». rna'd'z n.f. refuge; shelter Juibiy ma'a'-z-
allah' int. God forbid [A]

^^ma'a'rij n.m. (pl. ofg^vN.F. if)

mo'a’riz adj. contending ; opposing s.M»
L/J ^contend cr^tv mo V razak n.m. contcn-.
tion comparison of manuscripts (rare)
evasion (A]

ma'arif n.m. fields of knowledge*^

JvS da'irat-Til-ma'arif n.m. encyclopaedia
(A ~cp^\ .

S^ma'a'nk n.m. (pl. of-i^N.M. A;)

ma’ash n.f. (ped. rUfjHyma'zKyidt)
^jneans of livelihood (rare) worldly life
Jusjf/^Csma'd.' sh-o-md'&d n.f. (see under
n.f. ★) shl adj. economic

ma'asMyyat ' n.m. economics [A doublet of (jrH
life]

I m'asharal n.f. way of living ; mode of life
ISiS 3^ tv mu'a’sbarati adj. (ungrammatical
■ but csu. form ior)(£?bs mo'dsharl adj. social
mo'a'sharak n.m. society (A]
fy. ma'a'M adj. , ma'd'shiyyal' (see under
. Sly if)

.wo'a'rir'ADj. & n.m. (pl.<^> tv moVrirW)
contemporary [E]

^^ma’a'ii n m. (pl. of*2v^.F.)

{ j+jp^jno'a , tafat n.m. kindness [A- *5^)

# . mo'afADj. forgh-en ; pardoned ; absolv-
U^U^ed (of fine, etc.) \ifo\ymo l nf kar’na v.T.
forgive ; pardon excuse remit reprieve
jdEclyl ymo'a f ktjiye int. excuse me pax

don ; 1 ,6eg yojir pardon J lymo'a'J l n.f.

596

^~s,ma‘toob‘ adj. & n.m. object of (someone’s)
displeasure [A

.* Smo']izah n.m. (pl. Csty & noji & i ') miracle
mo “ jiz , ZfjlP ' mo ' jiza'nah \ j ^ r mo i ' jiz -
numa' adj. miraculous [A~ ;tf»]
i gP * mo ' aj'jal adj. immediate ; promptly done
(✓* { y — fs<r maih'rt mo ' aj'jal N.M. prompt
dower ; part of dower paid in cash, etc., right
at the time of marriage (A -

mo' jam adj. (f. & pl. t ^mo x jamah)
j * dotted (letter) [A- rv>i ■ ,

-fma joon n.f. (pl. tff&r ma'zC jin) elec*
tuary hashish electuary
^j^mo'ad’dil n.m. equalizer (A- Jy]

m j maTMat v.r. justice ; equity

ma^dalat-guftor adj. just ma‘'da-

lat~gOs' lari. H.r. .justice ; equity [A~ Jjt)

/J ma l ’dan (pcd. ma l 'din) N.F. (pl.

ma'a'din) mine quarry (jj^nuf'daril
(ped. -<//-) adj. mineral ma'daniy' yai)
(ped. -<//-) n.f. pl. minerals (A]

, ma'doo'tah adj . (of ) quiescent } written
'•'■J-^’out not pronounced (A— (Jjo\

• nufdood' adj. numbered (only
X^ma'doo'dt djah'd adj. very few (A- jjf ]

* ma'doom' adj . non-existent •. extinct
f ^^annihilated ; put to the sword VSfjjy
ma'dbom' kar'nav.r. annihilate b'/.fyjy ma‘doom‘
ho'na v.t become extinct (/ja*'" ma’doo'nti n.f
extinction [A- (jo ]

HM - *&™*ch&-v*'tnc J de ka,(fjvs
mt''di adj. stomach ; stomachic (A)

ma t '(irat n.f. an excuse ; a pica
V-A^apology cxcuxi£/ljlfi[i2 / Jir‘ma , ’vral
tbah'ii a (or kot'na) v.t. apologize
ma , ’zirat-khak' adj . ma , 'zirat~kha'hi

n. f. apology apologizing (A doublet of jU ]
• , ma'zoor' adj. excused; excusable
disabled n.m. (pl.c 6jj*'ma'zooTln') ' dis*
abled persons cfjjyJjsma'zoor' rakk'na v . t .
excuse (fjtjo'rna'zoo'rl n.f. excuse disabi-
lity [A- jjf]

t mo‘er'ra adj. plain (text) ; one without
notes. ; translation [A - ijjlt]

fl lmS me ‘ ra i' a'rij)., tlie Holy

Cy Prophet Accession acme ; height
(rare) ladder [A- Q,jf\

. mo'ai'rab ~ adj. Arabicized (word, etc.)

v^ia -

Jyi

,ma u riz n.m. field 1 fyjZi'Plj/f'nuf'Ti&t
Him' mefipar'ra v.t. be put off ; be post-
poned it^tjZjiT’JppSmayriz-e khdlar mefi par'm
v.i. be endangered ; be jeopardized [AJ
i ^p.ma i 'rifat n.f. knowledge of God ; mys-
y*tic knowledge recognition adv. through
the medium ot : [A~*^/3

• ma‘'rifah adj. proper (noun) [A — doublet
of PREC.J

• mo'arrij n.m. (arch.) usher liyf^mo'ar'raj
^^adj. defined ; changed into proper (noun)
[A

/ rna t 'rikah n..w. (ped. PL. Jjb>'ma , a'-rik)
bottle ; engagement \/f ma''rika-ara'
adj. with troops marshalled I j7%/ ,/, m<i‘'rika-ara'
ho'na v. r. fight have troops marshalled
lJplzfc*Sma l 'rikat-Bl-a r a' adj. causing great diver-
sity opinion l/£^'ma t, Tike ka adj. important
(person) mentous (decision, etc.) [A]

ma'rooz' n.f. object (rare) aub-
UPjr mission ; petition adj. submitted
ma'roo'zah n.m. submission ; petition letto
to superior [A -

ti? . ma'roof ' adj. well-known ; celebrated

(gram.) active (voice of verb): (of j)
long ; preceded by ‘pesh’ (of (f ) long , pre-
ceded by ‘zer’

-•* mo'az’zaz adj. honourable: respectable ;
J y esteemed ; revered [AcS^]

I • m A mat z°°r adj. deposed ; dethroned
Ol/ ma'zool' kar'na v.t. depose ; dethrone
zool' ho'na v.t, be- deposed ; be- de-
thronedJj^Vwa^ooVj n.f. deposition ; dethrone-
ment [A ~Jrf] .

I .\/>ma‘'shar n.m. group ; party

ma t 'shar-e jin'n-o-ins v.t. the group of spirit
;and human being. [A]

/j&fma'shooq’ n.m. beloved ; a sweetheart

ma'shooqa'nah adj. lovely ; facinating
coquetish like a beloved Jj^ina'shoo'qak n.f.
beloved; mistress Jjr*ma'shoo f <]i n.f. state
of being beloved loveliness coquetry [A -

L^l

^^^ma'soom' adj. innocent sinless n.m.

f-' infant (pl. Qfiy^ma'soondniy-moa.’

less persons C^o^ma'soomiy'yat n.f. innocence
infancy child’s sim plici ty 'siyat
n.f, sin [A-

l^j^mo'at'lar adj.-, perfumed ; scented (A- J*\

liXmo'al'tal adj. suspend effects ADV.
held in abeyance rendered ineflective

v/j^mo'al’tal kar'na V.T. suspend retider
ineffective hold in abeyance Cyiiy^mo’at'tal
ho'na v.i. be suspended be ineffective
mo' at' tall n.f. suspension ineffectiveness

abeyance [A]

too/’ n.m. first of two words or clauses
^ joined together with a conjunction adv.
turned Jjf&^ma’toof * alaih ' n.m. second of
two words or clauses joined together with a
conjunction

r mo"ti adj. & n.m. {pL.^yt^mo'li/ari) donor
donating (person) [A~ ySt]

<£*/* mo’az’zam (f. & PL. J^mo'az'zamah) adj.

mo’az’zam (f. & pl. J^mo'az'zamah) adj.
f great • exalted [A

i *%m/ ma, 9 0 °l‘ AD J~ reasonable plausible
Oy^ fair ; just substantial (amount, salary,
etc.) ' sensible (person) intellectual part of

knowledge ; field of extra-religious knowledge ;
£'Uj f *>na‘qoo , iat' n.m. pl. works of philosophy
and logic extra-religious fields of knowledge
cJp^ma’qooliy'yat n.f. reasonableness

plausibility fairness sense [A - (Jr]

./* ma'koos' adj. inverted reversed

Uj U^jfc / ‘iarcq'qi~c ma'koos' n.f. retrogression

- jf^mo'al'laq adj. suspended pending ;

U hanging fire Cs;<%[f v ‘mo’at'laq pa'ra ho’na
v.i. be pending ^j^-^nw’al'laq rakh'na v.T.
keep pending t'jf fy^mo’al'laq ho'na v.T. he
suspended [A - jJ*?]

LpS mo'al'lim n.m. (pl. mo’allimln') >

r teacher ; instructor pedagogue
'mo’al'lim-e sa’nl tr.it. the second teacher ; Farabi
m'aT-lim-e sa'lis n.m. the teacher;
Aivicenna Czjfr , f / mo’al'lm-Ul-malakoot' n.m. the
teacher of angels ; Satan • mo’allimanah adj.
pedagogic adv. ' pedagogicaily J*'* mo'al'limah
n.f. school mistress ; teacher (/*“ mo'al'liml n.f.

teacher’s job ; teaching profession peda-
gogy [A-^]

lx^mo"lin n.m. announcer ; advertise: gr '
is almo‘'lin n.m. (as subscript) the advertiser ;
the notilier [A ~ ^i^t]

j*.ma'loom' adj. known obvious ; evident
' Jr adx. (iron.) none ; nonexistent
ma’loom ' kar'na v.T. learn find out dis-
cover ma’loom' ho' la hai ph. it

appears it seems Vjf’CP'ma’ loom' ho'na v.t.

appear seem look like become known
be found out _ come to light na'hin.

ma'loom', fj^ma'loom’ nahAfi adv. it is not
known; God knows; who knows C'Lj^ma'loomt'

N.F. information n.f. pl. tilings knownvbv^b^
ma’ looms' t~e ‘am'mah n.f. general knowledge [A

u ju* metal' la adj. sublime exalted

0 mo'al’la alqab’ adj. having high titles ; ex-
alted <£££.->} j! urdoo’-e mo’al’la n.f. chaste
Urdu (arch.) king’s Urdu n.m. Mongol horde

[A~ -

,-fmo'am'ma n.m. puzzle ; enigma Ijfjiy

1 * mo’am'ma hal kar'tm v.T. solve a puzzle
unravel a mystery O* ^ mo’am'ma khul'na v.i.
(of mystery) be unravelled [A- yf I ]

.-/m'mat' n.m. mason ; builder architect

me’ma'r-e a"zqm n.m, master-
builder ifjiyme’ma'ri n.f. masonry ; building
architecture [A ~

/mo’ am' mar adj. aged [A -

^tma"mal n.m. laboratory [A - cKl

•Sma’moor' adj. inhabited populous
Jjr prosperous ; flourishing full (of); replete
(with) ; abounding (in) mao' rah n.m

populated place , town ma’moo'ra-i

has'll n.f. (fig.) world (fjjt'ma’moo'rl n.f.
population flourishing state [A - cfj^]
i «/* ma’mool' n.m. (pl. practice;

0* custom hypnotic subject t*< y.
ma’mool' bahdk'ns v.i. do something regularly ■
make it a regular practice (to do)
ma’mool' ke dih n.m. pl. monthly course ;
menstural period ma'mool ke dih

taV jana v.i. be pregnant jy^ma'moo'li adj.
ordinary ; usual customary common [A~

•pymo’am'bar adj. perfumed with ambeigris
/» perfumed ; scented [A-

.•pfmo’an'van adj, dedicated V/bl^'mo’an'van
l£/Jr kar'na v.t. dedicate {A — &<}*'}

(ped. ma’'na) n.m. meaning
O senses purport import intent
significance intrinsic quality ; spirituality ;
substance ; essence ; reality ; hidden or interior
part of anything Vj'cfl’ (j*‘ma’ , ni bayan' kar'na
V.T. explain interpret ma u m-e

begs'nak n.m. a new ideal (in some literary com-
position de'na v.i. mean give

the sense (of) (f*'ma”rri rakk'na v. have
the meaning of have the sense (of) imply^y^
ma l 'navi adj. pertaining to meaning or sense
intrinsic real intllectual ; spiritual
ma’naviy'yat n.f. meaningfulness [A)

598

ZL

J^ma'oo'nat n.f. help , assistance [A~ c>f]

y _ ftna'hood ' adj. stipulated promised ;
Z’ covenanted mast/.-e ma'hood’ n.m.

the promised Messiah [A ~ jjf- ]

n.m. (pcd. pl .jd&ma'aytei")

-rfc standard (rare) touchstone (A ~ ->£*■]

„ ma'iy'yat n.f. company (of) ; association

w jL^ma'i’shal n.f. livelihood subsistence
way of life ; mode of living
'i'lm-Vl-ma'i'shdt n.f. economics (f?*' Dj.
economic [A doublet ofjf)

.-Atno'in n.m. helper - assistant promoter

ctf[A~^u.]

jno'ay’yan (f. & pl . Jj^’mo'ay'yanah) adj.
(j/»T fixed settled established appointed
f Scfiy mo'ay'yan kar'na, v.t. fix settle

establish appoint [A 1

v v ma'roob' adj. bad improper iridc-
cent opprobrious wl <~'j£'ma'yoob' bat
n.f. something against etiquette ; improper [A
~ 1

lymugh n.m. (pl. (ji^mu'ghaii) . magus
^ tavern-keeper ; publican mugh-ba’ (hah

n.m. pot-boy; pot-man lovely ladciU^r

magban n.m. religious leader of the Magi

l p ]

j,. . mughahUah N.M. (pi.. d^lhHj'miighalatat')
fallacy delusion misunderstanding
^ZsJ^lj'magbalatali de'nu v.t. mislead
delude lead into fallacy Oifjttfrtnigkalata
dal'ndv.t. lead into fallacy cause to make
mistake [A~±M]

.. mughd'yarat n.f. estrangement
Z ^ repugnance j'iy'rndghayar adj. contrary
(to)^ repugnant (to) [A~^>j ^

•jJfmJgh’tanam adj. prized ^*mugblanamat'
f* n.m. pl. prized things; treasures (A ~
'w>'}

, magb’rib n.m. west accident the West
•jr sunset ; sundown evening jOtf'r'f'
magh'rib hi namaz' n.f. evening prayer
magh' rib-za' dak adj. (derog.) Wertenizcd
inagji'rib-zaddgi n.f. (derog.) Westernization
al-magh'rib n.m. North-West
Africa (yj^ma^'ribi adj. Wesiern ;
accidental J^y^magbribiy'yat n.f.

(derog.) Westernization (A~ k r / ^)

**■ . itiigbar' raq adj. ornamented Oy^iC^y'so’ne
mughar'raq n.m. bedecked with a large
number of gold ornaments [A~ (j f )

•• maghronr' adj. proud ; vain ; arrogant
naught v ; conceited tfj) j ymaghroo , Ti n.f.
pride ; arrogance ; vanity haughtiness ; conceit
[A~,j>1

.TfViagh’z n.m. kernel marrow pith
/ brain intellect essence Ctfijly^magh’’
it’ ta jam v.t. upset I'tjij&magh'z Srs'na v.t.
upset (someone) b )(£?;' magh Z‘pi(h'(hi

(or kjha'li) kar'na v.t. try to drive • home (to)
l>* If j^magh 'z ch at 'ad v.t. bother someone)
pester (someone) with silly talk Zg/fmagb' z?&at
n.m. idler talker ; garrulous person &£'/*' magh'z
dial'nn v.t. be proud go mad
magh'z ko chaik' j and v.t. affect the head (of) ;
magh' z-kka'an v.t. tease worry ; tax the

brain Vljt^^-^^y^magb'z ke ki'u ura’na v.i.
chatter ; brag bother a great deal
magh'z ke ki'rk jkar'nd, O^'J^Jjy'magb'z kikil
ni'kalnd v.t. be humbled face the music
be set right ; come, to one’s senses j^-be-magjh' z
adj. emptyheaded ; dullard jM/pur-magb' z adj.
profound (Sj^magh'zi nf. hem; thin border
l'$(f^'magh'zi lagana v.t. hem Pl

* L/magbzqob ' adj. (one) who has incurred
(God's) displeasur^

^^•mighfar n.m. helmet [A]

.♦ . magh' fir at n.f. absolution ; salvation
deliverance ^JCsJ^arkhuda magb'Jirat
ka're ph. may God bless his soul [A doublet ol

J'/*}

• Z^magh foot' adj. forgiven ; pardoned

dead ; deceased jy^s (T/marhoo'm-o-
magbfoor' adj. deceased

I J^mit'ghal n.m. Mongols Moghul : a racial
*y mixture of Turks and Mongols a descen-
dent of these ik^mtigh’/a n.m. (derog.) Moghul
tfl^mugblani n.f. Moghal woman attendant
in harem ncedlc-woman female gover-
ness tjr i mughlai’i adj. Moghul (style, etc.)
^f^mUgblai"l pku’rd n.m. Lahore sore J*'
mugbaliy'yah aqj. Moghul (PJ
■ y^maghal'/az adj. foul dense thick
l^c^iS^mugballazat' n.f. pl. abusive language
swear- words ; curses f C'Ct’Vi^'m jghallazat' .sund’tis
v.t. use abusive language ; hurl abuses (at)
-yfmugh’laq adj. (VL.'Z&'mugjhlaqal') diffi-
U cult (word) obscure (passage) A~<yt)*i]
Jtfmugh'lim N.ti. sodomite ; paederast [A-

f ('it* 1

l _ J i t ’.maehloob' adj. conquered ; subdued

•y^overcome brought low I

maghtoo’b ul-gha’zab adj. short tempered ; irasci- chicvo
ble t'Jif'jj'maqhloob' kar'na v.t: subdue \yi\ J

4>veTcomityf»?^* / maghloob' ho'tia v.h be brought
low be subdued (A~ C? t

* IfmaQmoom’ adj. sad ; sorrowful (^) o'
| r grieved mournful [A— {*] m . *

•J^mugh'nl n.m. one making free from want (Py* i
is this an attribute of God A~ I ho’na v

j^m3ghan‘n| n.m. singer ; songster dat
V niyah n;f. female singer; songstress [A ~

&] (J ju

.l^mugb’tajah adj. & n.f; abducted womair shar"-e
** [A~ IjPi] . , cable c

..^jnrjghjVatf n.m. acacia (Jl^Ci^kha'r-e ,\? m
(✓•'tT might'll. n.u. acacia thorn {PJ ^ di

N - F - (PL. of^N.F. ic y ma j

-I l‘/ tt foj al ' N - F * suddenness; unexpected* jr)/m
ness g-t m fojat' N.F. sudden mt

death [A] * mV

i ~ »jn q'kharatK. f. boast contention J/Fp 0l

for d ignityS'ti/rt fakhir n.m. pl. glories;
causes of just pride [A ~ J single |

J •jnafad’ N.M. {PL.Cbii/maf&dat') interest t/^U/ # w

^'iSJ’GrJmfadal' to bifazat v.t. safeguarding r

of (bne4 or someone’s) interests [A] • jn

«•? . • Jn5f a'raqat N.f . separation forsaking;

4 - / -' ^desertion [A~ _ r^ma

. • maf a'sid jt.m. pl. evils [A ~ sino. J et<

runawa

^ymaf&'sil n.m. PI. joints (of body) [A sing.

t>T . fnrr

adj. free ; gratis gratuitous adv.

***** free ; without payment gratuitous
causelessly ; without any rhyme or reason
moft-khor' n.m. parasite ; sponger ; hanger-on
adj. who sponges on ; who hangs on
muf't-kho’ra n.m., J't ra c&e g f t

prov dp notlook a gift horse in the mouth. fd*
to sbarab’ qa'zl ko bhi
hold' hai prov. a free offer is welcome to every
mrt aov. free: gratis: for
nothing ; for a softg gratuitous . (sfiic&m ft
hath! lag'na v.i. get free of cost get r *“ a
song[P]

gpmiflty' N.F. (PL.^i^mJdkV) key A & )

•J&mUf'lakJtat adj. honoured : d^nified [A*,

S jfr*)

,~‘m-fl<n\ adj. n.m. slanderer ; calumnia-
y/^ tor mischief-monger. ; adj, mis-
chievous (person) slanderous (person) [A ~

fZptmafiooh! adj. conquered ; subdued
taken ; captured (of letter) having zabar

(i)overlt{A~ £>3

-•,» naftoon' (or -toifi') adj. fascinated ; cna-
H/y* moured dotard mad tyijs^maftoon'
ho'nn v.i. be enamour (of) ; be fascinated with
date (upon) [A>~ ] '

n.m. (pl. (J&m- flijan’) Muslim
(j jurist ; Muslim counsel c£?'C<S( i )0*'m~fiija'n-t
shar u -e matin' n.m. pl. expounders of the irrevo-
cable code of Muslim law [A-»0 m ]
•frm'fakb’khdr adj. honoured ; esteemed
dignified [A ~ j
major ' n.m. asylum [A- jly]

m~/ar’re/! adj. reviving n.m. cordial OUy*
W maj'arielal' N.F. pl. cordials [A~

. m~frad adj. simple (medicine) urcom-
^pounded. single singular adv. alone
&)ff'm*fradal' n.f. uncompounded medicines
single (drugs) [A~ j fyt]
f*+m r 'faT'T<is adj. Fersianized (word, etc.)

^/• m f rtt AD 1* excessive [A

• mafroor adj. & n .m. escaped (prisoner,

etc.) fugitive n.m. fugitive

runaway [A~ j!) ]

A, f^ma/roosh' adj. spread ; carpetted n.m.
U3/ article of furniture*^ n.m-
pl. furniture [A ~ ]

ji •^mafroo'zah n.m. hypothesis adj. supposed
Jf hypothetical [A ~ i/y>]

• m fiid adj. mischievous (person)
seditious (person) n.m. (pl. tfjJPm'fsidlu')

mischief-monger seditious “person
m fsida'nah adj. riotous (assembly) mis-
chievous (manner) ; seditious (speech etc.) adv.
mischievously seditiously riotously [A -

0 l^rnafsadah n.m. (pLssfrmofa'sid) riot ;

tumult ; disturbance mischief
maf'sadu-pardaz' n.m. mischief-monger ; mischief-
maker ; rioter# J zJ^maf’s/ida-parda'a N. F.
mischief-making rioting [A ~ jC*}

• m-fas’sir n.m. {vL.n/p^mr-fassiriri) exegetf
cal writer ; writer of Quranic exegesis (A-

600

L&jy" nu fas' sal adj. detailed adv at length ; in
U detail n.m. concluding portion of the
Holy Quran {usu . ^H^mfassalat')

countryside; rural area outlying area of district
(as distinct from its headquarters or cities J'Jjt***'
(iuelj rrrtjas' sala-t zail' (or sad'r) adj. following
adv. as follows [A

I Ifmaf'ool' n.m. object ; catemite ,
minion * jf^maf ool' be-ht' n.m. direct
object l }L & (Jj* t/ ’maf‘ool-e satii n . m . indirect object
^(Jy^maf'ool fih' n.m. locative casej/^jjM'*
mafool' la-hoo' n.m. oblative case
nih'a-hoo n.m. accusative case in opposition
with a noun in nominative; object telling of
something that accompanies another [A ~ ]

jy—^mafgood' adj. missing^ goo' d-ul-

kha'bar adj. (one) untraceable (person)

[A~eiUS>] ■

m''fak'kir n.m. (pl. 'fak'kirin') (A

Sf ~ J»'}

J&ni 'fits adj. poor ; indigent beggarly
U penniless n.m. pauper penniless
person lisa beg n.m (iron.) pauper

(f^m f'hsi n.f. poverty,, indigence
pauperism , pauperdom list

weft a'fa gi'lct prov. misfortunes never come alone
lA-j/tfj]

^mafloof adj. paralytic , palsied [A ]

(J&ff

I ^^ /i tnaJ'lod'k-ul-/ial‘ adj. destitute adv. in
straitened circumstances [A ~

•a !i® Jav'vazah adj. assigned entrusted [A~

]

jt V» mafhoom' n.m. (pl. ft is^mafakim') sense
Iff meaning connotation 0} (fP'mafhoom'

if' ns v t. interpret Ijf fy^mafhoom' ho'na v.i.
mean be understood [A ~ jV ]

•ntiijid' adj. useful profitable ; benefi-
cial advantageous officacious that has

utility UsAf^mufid’ par’ m v.i. (something) agree
(with) ma l lo(im' ho' na v.T

(appear to) be useful (A

muqa'bir n.m. (pl. pf fJv' n.m. •£)

— muqa balah n m. comprison contrast

competition contast confrontation
opposition ; contention I’lScL&'muqa'bale par a' na
v.i. oppose challenge the authority (of)
l£\ZfiiiUqa'bil adj. opposite against
compared opposed opposing confront-

ing |A]

j ^mBqn'bah n.m. toilet-box

.*!*• mUqn'talah n.m. slaughter , carnage ; battle
/rSfif conflict [A doublet of Ji?)
j^Q^maqai'it' n.f. (pl. of-A**N.F -^r)

**

, mUqa'rabat n.m. approximation
• J 'dV affinity sexual intercourse [A — ]

«• muqa ranat n .f . companionship con-
junction propinquivy&i&'muqa' rin adj.
near ; close (A doublet of c >!/]

. - maqa'sid n.m. (pl. o£a*£'’n.m. j)r)

^y^^tnuqa la'ah n.m. boycott [A- & 1

, «• maqal ' n.m. word, talk, speech d&tjsf
4/ '^'shi'rifi-maqal! adj softspoken sweet*
tongued [A ~ jj]

maqalah n.m. (pl. C ydismaqalat') treatise

dissertation ; thesis discourse ; disquisi-
tion anide^U^ IJI^maqa' la-e iflitahiy'yah N.m.

leading article ; editorial [A -{Jj\

A* maqam' n.m. {VL.i^ltfmaqamat') place
('“site situation encampment position

station status ; dignity tune bases
occasion ; opportunity ^tyfle/maqa’m-e tbrahim'
n.m. name of a place in precincts of the Holy
Ka‘aba where lies the stone on which Abraham
rests his feet while building the sanciuary cff li/
maqam' kar'na. v.t. halt j^f&maqa'm-e mahmood
(or •mailt') n.m. desired status lofty station
where the Holy Prophet’s Ascension took him
maqa'mi adj. local n.m.^ native ; local (as
distinct from refugee [A-f'ts]

&^~^mUqa'vamat n.f. resistance [a~^j

.. muqa'marat n.f. gambling /•&muqa'mr
n.m. (pl. (fy&mUqa mirin') gambler [A ~

jO)

—.tnaq’barah n.m. (pl. y&maqa'bir) tomb ,
yf' sepulchre , mausoleum [A - ]

« ••^maqboo'zoh adj. seized ; captured ;
occupied taken possession ofclt^*"
maqboozst’ n.m. pl possessions , conquered terri-
tories [A ~

{ ••maqbool' adj. popular acceptable
Y/f C^yfmaqbool iy’yat n.f. . popularity
acceptance [A - Jf>]

Zfi^rnuq'iabas adj. culled (from) excerpt
(Jf* (of) ; extract (from) [A
,„•» mUq'lada n.m. leader ^Z^mUq'tadl n.m.
follower (prayers) [A ~ Ufi]

601

. ‘•"muq’todir adj. powerful (one wilding
authority [A~><XTf]

* »T/ m *<tt<tza' n.m. demands (of justice)
‘^■‘^inclination (of mind) exigency {of situ-

ation) i/^muq' tazl adj. desirous demand*
ing ; wiging requiring ; calling for exact-
ing [A ~ u&Tl

^fimaq'tal n.m. place of execution [A- ]

,~~fmaqtool‘ n.m. (pl. ( jij*'maqtoollri) one
Ojr who is killed victim adj. killed ; slain
(A~ Jf\

miqdar' n.f. (pl. sj&tnaqadjr') quantity

dd* amount measure size ; magnitude | „ maqdoor’ n.m. authority power

length ; term ; span expression J Uj^ability capacity guts ; courage

miqda'r-t ghair-mitama'sit n.f. one of the hetero- * • - a. . ^ -.

venous exnressions a mUtnth/ro'.

'•mUqad'dam jsn'nn (or sa'majhnn) v. give
priority (to) prefer regard as more impor*
tant cfjfjZ’mlqad'dam rakh'na v.t. give
priority (to) place the first on the list give
precedence (to) Ilf (*u2“ ml qad'dam ho’ ns v.t.
receive priority be the first on the list 'jH^imqad'
damah n.m. (n..<5>&muqaddamat') indroduc-

tion ; preface preamble ; prolegomena
advance-guard case; law-suit jtf&jirmuqad' •
damat-ul-jaish' n.m advance-guard Tiqad'-
dame-baz n.m. & adj. litigous (person) (f/f
muqad'dame-ba'zf n.f. litigation litigious-
ness[A~v'iJ]

** magdoo/ n.m. authority power

tnxqd*!™ ^hair-mil lams' sit n.f. one of the hetero* weahh means . rcsources (^^tJ^maqdoor’
genous expressions e^j^miqds't-t muta$\a/- b%af (or 1a k), , Via -ba-mZqdoor’, jjj&itf'

jyirah N F. variable quantity or expression hat’ ta-l-maqdoor' ADV.'the best of oiie’s abilitv^

miqdzfr-t mutam&’sil n.f. one of the homogeneous
expressions Jj^jUi^miqds'r-t majhool' n.m. un-
known quantity or expression i~ c J/*i l j£fmiqds'T-t
murak'kab n.f. compound quantity or expression

naqdooi 3 ki bat' n.f. aquestion of one's
resources maqdoor' na rakk'na

:nown Quantity or expression r~e (or ho* na) v.i. be unable (to do) not to be in a

nurak’kab n.f. compound quantity or expression position toflfjjj&'maqdoor’-va'la n.m. man of

*->J/*2ltafmiqda’rg ma'roof' n.f, known quantity means Vjf/jja'maqdoor’ ho'na v.t. have power

or expression Jj'J^miqds’r-e man'fl n.m. nega- or ability be in a position (to do) [A

ive quantity or expression jL&yZ'mBgar'raraA Z/maqar' n.m. (lit.) abode station (A -

niqdsr' ph. fixed amount constant quantity /

miqdar' ph. fixed amount constant quantity
or expression [A— jjs]

-*muqad'dar n.m. fate ; destiny adj. destin*

; predestined ; ordained by God ; preor-
dained (of word or expression) understood
Cbjljjf^mUq^d'daT avmtna v.t. try one’s luck
Q t j \jjZfmQ,qad'daT-avna''\ n.f. trying one’s luck
l' tfjfXuZs/jXismlqad'daT bar-gash' tah ha ja’rta
v.t. be unluck ; have an advene fortune C&LuZr
muqad'dar (ha'makn a v.i. thrive ; prosper

have a sudden stroke of good fortune [A

qir' n.m. (PL.vtySmuqirran') corfessor
affirmer one who pleads guilty one
who executes a deal adj. confessing pro-
fessing ; acknowledging affirming under-
taking; assuring Uj£ / * / ‘m\iqir' ho'na v.i. confess
admit avow plead guilty execute a
deed

flad m *4 rSZ ' N.F. (lit.) scissors a wrest-
Uy ling-trick ; trouncing by trampling upon
adversary’s neck [A]

& Mjnaq' diiat (or-da-) n.f. power ; ability [A *>.muqar'rab n.m. (pi.. c£y*' m uqa rr abin')

doublet of*3(£] trusted person dose friend favourite

muqad'das adj. (f. & PL .'^jSrmuqad'dasah) person confident adj trusted favourite

holy ; sacred sanctified consecrated close : intimate d^aL/ / ‘muqar’rab-ul-khid'mot
hs\\o^tA^O[fjirmaqad'dajkitab' n.f. holy ^i^muqar'rah-e bsrgah’ n.m. (arch.)

book or scriptures (of Wjd^Ukita'b-tmoqad'das ' • • - - - • - - >

n.f. (dial.) Biblc^by&t&maqama'l-e muqad’das ah

N.M. PL. holy places ; sanchianes jfjSftnaq' dis rar & ADV . poiniea empIoyea

n.m. sacred place t/V/^Aai t-nl-muqad'das (or \j? ? fixed . settlcd agreed upon pres P cribed

- maq’dis ) n.m. Jerusalem [A]

fTynaq' dam n.m. arrival onrush; flux [A~

V f*JS )

-- muqad’dam ADJ. chief superior
(d*^ prior ' more important n.m. antecedent
major premise village headman a minor
official of agriculture department (C^T

person confident adj ( trusted favourite
close ; intimate d^i-^muqar'rab-ul-Uhid'mat
e%j\'-gf'muqar'rab-e bargah' n.m. (arch.)
personal assistant favourite trusted servant

^mUqat'rar adj. & adv. appointed employed
'/ fixed ; settled agreed upon prescribed
established defined regarded
mUqar'rar kar'ns v.t. appoint settle
prescribe regard k'jf^muqar' rar ho'na v.i.
be appointed be settled be prescribed tj/*'
muqar'rarak adj. appointed fixed settled
prescribed established defined settled
agreed uponl/^muqar'rari n.f. (arch.)

fixed tenure in perpetuity tenure at fixed rate
of interest [A)

jZfmiqor’rir n . m . (pl . tfJf'miqarTirW) lecturer,
/ oiator [A~ ,4^] , _

\~,muqar'raz’ adj. ihea.TcdiStf'miqraz' N.F, if

vrw

n.m. debtor aoj. indebted [A~

\~ m uq'ar , nas adj. spiralled roof or building
L/jTN.m. spiralled building (A]

« maqroo' qah adj. (of^ property) attached ;

•» "> maqroo' qah adj. (of pi
confiscated [A- £>]

; <* jnaqroori adv. near

ei#/'

connected [A)

adj. & n.m, who brings about a change of
he%rt God as such ; converter of hearts \Kr*

sTyniqal'lid n.m.. conformist disciple ,
follower J&yZ ghair'-muqal'Hd n.m. non-con-
formist [A~

^^majloob' adj. inverted reversed v>r
* ' (Ss^rnaaloob-t mis' lain n.m. palif drome

[A~ *r^3

jfei, mag'na'iu n.m. magnet^'l^'m.jynartrj
C'- I'^adj. magnetic n.f

magnetism (A~ G]

*£* muqan'na * adj. veiled n.m. veiled prophet of
£/ KhorasAn [A]

j jymuqarinin n.m. law-maker ; legislator
(2/ muqan'ninah n.m. legislature adj. legislative
2^/^ maj'lis-e muqan'ninah legislative assembly
or council (A ~ (*)/ If J

. £*for (fjpsmuqav’va n.m. cardboard , paste.

board (A reinforced - t r£s i ]
tr^maqoo' lah n.m. sayiug quotation
maxim ; adage ; aphorism [A — Jj]
/Zfmuqav'm adj. strengthening.; invigorating
O* t \(£ji*'muqav'v\-e bah' n.m. & adj. aphor-
disiac oJ'Ly y /?(j,y*muqav’m-e ji'gat (or ka'bid)
n.m. & adj. hepatic (drug)
dil' (or ya/'A) n.m. A adj. "cardiac-; cordial
Z/b(fj*'mZqav’vi;e dimagp’ n.m. & y adj. cephalic
(drug) BjustfJpfmoqav' vi-e me''doh n.m, & adj.
stomachic (drug) (A ~

mdqhoot' adj. oppressed (one) in the
JJT bad books (of) [A- yj)

. .•niiqyas' n.m. gauge ; meter prep, meter
u ifif Cjj/ttffrmiqya s-ul-hara rat n.m. ther-
Tnome.icTi^uJ’^f'iniqya' s—il-la'ban n.m. lacto-
meter’ll nnqya 's-ul-ma' n.m. hydrometer

water-guage ^ lif£ / ‘migya's-ul-mau’sm n.m.
meteorograph Ijd^j^migya' s-il-hava' n.m. (rare)
barometer [A-

^ZymUqil' n.m. ~ one who gives everyone his or
u- tT her livelihood this as attribute of God
|A ~&jqoot)

0 * m.tqay'yad adj. imprisoned incarcerated
confined bound in chains fettered
shackled bound down (to something) (A~
M.\ _

iui itmuqqaish' n.f. gold (or silver) thread

brocade muqqai'M adj. f brocaded
embroidered in gold or silver thread
j£*miqim' adj. residing ; stationed
(•» mUqim' raik'na (or h&na) v.i. stav [A
^mak'ka n.f maize (doublet of jj** ]

— .miq'sit adj. just n.m. this as an attribute
Jfc^of God [~ jfc2]

• maqsoom ' n.m. fate; destiny dividend

adj. divided apportioned Cliff***'
l ) maqsoom’ jag' na (or dia'makna v.T. have
good ionxsnt.^^p^maqsoom' 'alaih' n.m. (Math.)
divisor tfJjJ^maqsoom' ka lik'kh-a (or likhs)
n.m. fate [~ CZ***}

^prmiqash' star adj. peeled ; skinned (A- ]

^.maq'sad (ped. -sid) n.m. (PL^l^maqa' sid)
purpose : aim ; object intent ; inten-
tion design wish ; desire meaning ;
purport b'X/j^maq'sad bar-a'na v.i. (of some-
one’s object) be achieved (A~

.TsmUaas' sir -Apt, deficient; falling short of

^maqsood' n.m. aim; object intent
design {A - juS ]

0 ‘Zfmaqsoo'rah adj. shortened (alif)

closely-guarded n.m. niche in mosque
for leader of congregation house owner's
private apartment [A -

^Jyj fnuq at'tar adj. distilled (water, etc.>> (A~

j~/niqat' n.m. rest for pen in trimming [*- AA>]
LZs maq'ta' n.m. concluding couplet (of poem)

d? 1

Jpa Smiqat'la' adj. (of beard) properly tnm-
C/ med reserve ; serious ; solemn cultur-
ed 'Zh&muqatta'at' n.m. pl. small ..pieces of

cloth verse in short metre [A-
^^maq’ i ai n.m. anus (rare) seat [A}

'jpfmiqaf.'fa adj. rhymed (A ~ ^ IT)

^ftmiqqf'fql adj. locked [ - ( y > \

t^miqjVlib adj. & n.m. w (one) who brings
*0*^ about a change ^jy^^^miqal'lib'ul-qiloob'

(one) in the

pgEF. meter
n.m. ther-
n.m. lacto-
hydrometer

tAmUKki, JmvXkah n.m. blow with the fist
kjVt>& mUk’ka lags' na (or mar'na) v.t.
give a blow with the fistjb^milk'kr-bac n.m.
boxer ($'A<£,mUk'kt-ba’& n.f boxing
fisticuffe y

^J^makzftib n.m. (pl. 6f *£>xm. ★)

^ ^jy/makatib 1 n.m. (pl. of if)

Smakkar ' adj. cunning ; crafty ; deceitful n.m.
Jy (F.ii&s makka’rah) cheat deceitful person
pretender impostor rogue knavery
makka'ri n.f. cunning ; artifice cheating

deceitfulness imposture knavery

roguery [a~ yj

moka’rim n.m. (pl. ot&Crn.t, if)

••ZtA, m *ks 'shafqh n.m. revelation ; apocalypse

...

M .f^mukafat' n.f. retributionfl^/t.j
^""makafat' mil' ns (er ko pahutifh'na) v.i.
suffer for one's misdeed [A]
i^muka'lamah n.m. (pL.*2&l^mukalomat') con-
'•'* ^versation ; dialogue [A— (if 1

Smakari n.m. ivh.OClymakaiat') house ;
abode lodging ; dwelling lodge flat
apartment (rare) place ; space
makan’ baitk’m v.i. (of house) collapse (owing to
rain, etc. ) vi* & makan' -dar n.m. owner of rented
house 5 landlord &J(A)£j.Jtf&iMkari kira"e (par)
de'na v.t. let a house Ci fJtfjZJJiy&makari
kira't (bar) le’na v.t. rent a house [A] .

(tAmaka’'id n.m. pl. tricks ; frauds (A~^> ]

( mUkab’bir n.m. enlarger one of the
congregation repeating die leader of prayers
cautions [k~y*?\

"(malt tab n.m. (tL.*(lfmaka'tib) elementary
religious school school (of thought, . etc. 1
(arch.) school ; academy
mattab-e khayal' (or fik'r) n.b. school' of thought

[Ay^Or

•% mak'tabah n.m. bookshop ; bookstall
‘J***’ (rare) library [A ~ <■?&]

‘t&kmUk'taflA r»j. sufficient (rare) content

O (A - U?(/J

y_ !\(maktoob' n.H. ^(n.. t T t £&makallb‘} letter ;
• ■^epistl k.^t\*~iyrrrmktoob ! tlaih' n.m. addressee
(A ~y&) .

jf^Cmak'toom adj. hidden ; concealed [A~y]

«*> mult ti n.f. (dial.) salvation ; exemption of,
{j soul from further transmigration
tnuk'ti fauj n.f. Salvation Army -JSJ
b(,ia'kat n.m. coronet tiara ; ornamental
coronet for groom, etc.

'mUkab'bir n.m.

bookstall

/ mUkad'dar adj. turbid (water) uneasy

Jjs disturbed or troubled ; (atmosphere)
displeared [A ~ j / 1

/ mak'r (col, ma'kar) n.m. cunning ; wile ;
S' artifice ; craftiness deceit ; cheating
pretence unposture fraud (rare) strate-
gem (,* j(/ mak'r kar'rta v.t. cheat deceiv
defraud feign ; pretend resert to strate-
gem 'dJUgJ mak'r &ahd’nl n.f. moonlight In
early hours of morning which has the false effect
of down nutkar tha'kar n.m. (col) fraud [A]
( mukar'rar adv. encore again ; a second

time^jfXX mukar’rar aft-fc adv. ‘post scriptum’
P.S. jfy* j,f mUkar'rar st-kar’rar adv. (col.)
twice, thrice ; repeatedly [A~ f]

. /mUkar’ram adj. respectable ; honourable (fS
(y mUkar'raml ph. (superscription to letters)
dear sir «>< (if nikar'ram (-<) bah' dak ph. (arch.)
dear sir [A ~ (.S\

-j/mak'romal n.f, (pu(b'maka'nm) grace ;
nobility of character [A]

/ mUkar'na v.i. refuse to own up go
IV* back on one's words ; retract one’s con-
fussion b'<fy^CrUsaf mu’kar ja’na v.i. deny
altogether mu’ karri, mu/tri n.f. (also

$ y* kaih’ -mV karri) (usu. pl. as

kaih’ mu'kamiak) assertion denial riddle based or>
double-entendre

/ : mokrooh' adj. unbecoming bad
disgusting loathsome ; abominable
odious (in law) though not unlawful dis-
approved ojSmakroo'h-t tah'rlml n.m. dis-
approved to tKe point of being for bidden &IjS
makroohat' n.f. pl. unbecoming things dis-
approved though not unlawful things
. y( mak'ra, yt mak'kar n.m. large spider
mak’r i n.f. spider ri

ka ja'la nIm. cobweb ' ,

( mUkas'sar adj. broken jam' 1 - e

mUkas’sar n.m. broken plural ; irregular
plural of Arabic noun [A ~

_( maksoor’ n.mi (Math) fraction adj. (f. &
pt. tjjy* maksoo'rak) (letter) having
*zer’ (?) under it maksoo'r-e a'sharifyah

n.m. dedmal fraction/*^ maksoo'r-e ‘am n.m.
vulgar fraction [A -

.. &(■ mkshoof adj. open ; manifest

disclosed; revealed brought to light

(A

~(muka‘ ,l ab n.m. cube adj. cubic ; cubical
Ik * T ^muka“ , ab-nnma' n.m. cuboid [A1
i • ( rnkfool' n.m. pledged; mortgaged

Oy [a -

ti/y mukla'vah n.m. (H. dial.) (same as

Ojly \;f n.m. ★)

6«4

» mukal'laj adj. & n m. (one) entrusted
(with) duty ; responsibility Ca^'makal'lij
adj. & n.m. (one) entrusting (duty or res-
ponsibility (as subscription to invitation letter,
etc. csp. as^fitPtahitukal'lif one putting (some-
one) to inconvenience [A ~

mukoilal adj. burnished (rare)
ij . crowned [A~ (fft tklil']

If viUkam’mal adj. complete adv. finished ;
L J completed [A~ iff ]

maknoon’ adj. hidden ; concealed
Off (fig.) yet undercovered (fig. precious
c dur^r-e) maknoon' PH. hidden pearl ;
precious pearl [A]

/ mako' n.f. cape gooseberry ; brazil cherry;
‘sohamum rubrum* . .

)r f makau'ra n.m. large ant ki'rt

ljjr : makau're n.m. fl. insects

mikau'kab adj. speckled [A- if)

Mecca

f mak’kl

ADJ.

face

month /,*-
" sa mukk'ra

mak'kah n.m
Meccan [A]

/ tnTikk n.m. (dial.)

mikk’ra n.m.
n.m. lovely face
ft/ mafcka'na-N.M. dry water-lily seed

/f mak'khan n.m. butter (fJif^ mak'khan
O' . tos n.m. bread and butter
i*jf makh'na n.m. a kind of laige elephant
- . with small tusks adj. such (elephant)

of mak'khi. n.f. . fly sight (of gun)
V I'jL mak'Ma par mak’khi mar’na

v.i. copy blindly fj^^'mak'khi (Loos' n.m.
miser; a niggard; stingy personC&lfh •<
mak'khi chbor'na aur ha' thi ni'galna prov. swallow
the camel and strain at a gnat £&'(f mak'khi
ni'galna v.t. hourt trouble land oneself in
trouble mak'khiyah bhi'nakna v.i. be

sordid I'jl tjQ* mak'kkiyafi mar'na v.t. sit idle
have nothing to do (of shopkeeper) have
slump in trade V^^jZ&^uff wak'kkyoti ke
thhal'te ko ether' na .v.t. stir up a hornet’s nest
W&ifffO&C' /f(fa^e>^‘jdoodk se mak’khi ki tar'h
nikal' fhehX'rta v.t. get rid of without compunc-
tion par mak'khi na baith'ne

de'n* v.i. avoid incurring even the least obli-

midi/ya n.m. village headmaj\jj^

^ makai"' (f mak’ki n.f.

J

maize-, Indian corn
m'uk'ki n.f. pressure with
the fist ff^L.ta'\e ko
muk’kl de'na n.m. knead flour with

fist ; press dough with fist C’L^ maky&'na v.t
give a, blow with the -fist
.A? makin' n.m* resident inhabitant
O'** If makin' ho'na v.t. live f A ~ )

f mug'dar n.m. club for exercis-
JJr ing muscles like dumb-bells ;
exercising club fjjj jjf mug'dar
hila'na v.t. exercise muscles with'
clubs

magdam'bar n.m. a kind of high tent
^ large wooden palanquin
t ma’gar conj. but (lit.) perhaps
y f ft a' gar ma'gar PH. if and but if ff

a' gar ma'gar kar'na v.t. pievaricate [ ~P]
r ^ ma'gar n.m. crocodile ; alligator
y eardrop

f mag'ra adj . (f (if mag'rl) ainning ;

crafty one who feigns ignorance, etc.
to shirk work ^if mag'ra-pan n.m. cunning ,
craftiness ; artifice „

mdgas n.f. (lit.) fly hct / ,^j ( jr
U ma’gas-ran n.m. fly-flap tyj(j^ma'gas~

ra'tft n.f. driving away flies inactivity
perfprm servile office [P]

> ma'gan adj . absorbed ; engrossed
w self-satisfied ; self-contented overjoyed

Iff ma'gan ho’na v.i. be overjoyed trans-
ported with joy be engrossed
of mug'gham n.m. abtruse remark
secrety draw [~A corr.J
L mat n.f. (rare) ; wine if gi'l-o-mul

U n.m. (fig.) woman and wine [P]

mal n.m. (H. dial.) stout warrior
dregs excrement [S]
mil n.f. (or m.) mill [E]

mil' la n.m. (derog.) priest (derog.)
one knowing only religious lore . teacher
in a mosque (arch.). ‘learned person jtj/fth

^ft^mil'laJfi daur’mas'jidtak pit. nont
can go beyond ' his resources this is my
resort vfl* mjlld'nali N.m. (f. a* mills' nl)
(derog.) religious sounded person priest
•ip ma'lif-c a" la n.m. angels unmates

(ft sir of ficaven [A~ + (ft ]

, milap" n m. meeting reconciliation

t TT / IT agreement concord union ; unity
combination milap' kar'na v.t. get

reconciled lj% milap' ho'jia v.i. be. recon-
ciled

lb* iL rni'lajh'la adj. tfJ mil' jil imp. (see
•% under O mil'na v.T. if)

Cr

&

p ,i mallatf n.m. boatman jailor ;
mariner ; seaman

malls# ks lafigo'ts H bhig'ts hai prov. a poor
man stands to lose little ; a poor person has
little at stake {Ji> mala hi .n.f. seamanship
see separate entry if) adj. long
mallahl hath. n.m. long stroke in swimming [A]

„ mala hat n.f. nut brown complexion
brunethe’s complexion as source of
attraction brackishness elegance • beauty ;
charm [A doublet of £ mil' A]

mals'fcdah n.m. (pl. of n.m. ★)

tZyu mils'hazah n.m. inspection review

close examination regard ; con-
sideration mulahazah kar'ns v.T.

inspect review examine closely ; look
attentively show regard or consideration (for)
[A doublet of ]

f.i malls' fc n.f. (usu pl.) curse without

{/•# naming any names malls' hiysti

suns' ns v.t. abuse thus ; curse
flail* mala da' Is adj. see under t> mal'ns
V ^ v.t. if )

malsz' n.m. refuge ; shelter [A]

malar' n.f. (same as jlj> n.f. if)

-•,/ mils' zim n.m. (pl. mulszin^n') / servant
fdV* (rare) attendant hhan'gl

(or gkare'loo) mlis'zim n.m. domestic servant
{fytfj\£ssmks'i% mils' zim n.m. government

servant mils' zamat n.f. service

employment (arch.) paying respects to a
superior (rue) attendance (on) ll/jPlCSstP
mils' zamat ikhtiysr' kar'ns v.t. take up service
(with) ; enter the service (of) 0“jlP mils'-
zamat-pe'shah adj. (one) who adopts (govt.)
service as his profession [A ~ (yj J
•• atlL mils’ taf at • n.f. kindness ; favour ; con-
sideration [A ~ •— 2*^]

^jy mailin' n.m, (pl. of ^ nji. if)

m i**., mUlsqst' n.f. meeting call visit

interview introduction
mulsqst' pai' da kar'ns v.i. obtain an introduction
f / milsqst' kar ns v.t. arrange a

meeting (between) introduce (someone to)
£*$!)> milsqst' kar'ns V.t. meet visit

call on interview 1'y, £/lf IP milsqst' ho' ns

muls'qi adj. meeting ; visiting mils' qi

ho'nsyi.T. call on ; meet ; visit [A]

[ifiL malagi'n adj. of sandal-wood colour
V” nut-brown

|/r mdsl' n.m. displeasure grief
dejection (rare) fatigue , weariness

tiredness I'TjV’ malal' s' ns v.i. be displeased
to be seized with be grieved be dejected
1‘ fj ^^^-^cheh're par malal' a ns v.r. show signs
of displeasure [A]

•* j*IL ma ls'mat n.F. censure reproach

reprehension reproof obloguy

l !j mals'mat kar'ns v.t. censure

reproach mals'mati adj. & n.m. censur-
ed (person) reprehensible (person) [A]

mils' na v.t. join unite mixblend

f V harmonize compare ; tall intro-

duce ; present bring together reconcile
U— « mils’ le’ns v.t. win (someone) over
mils"o n.m. JZ'jti’ mils' vat n.f. adultera-
tion tJf ghiza’i mils' vat n.f. food adul-

teration ; adulteration of foodstuffs [ ~
CAUS.J y

Jp.t mals”ik, mals”ikah n.m* (pl. of
malak n.m. if)

J,i mula"im adj, soft tender molli-
f ** fied mild gentle mils’ 'im

kar'ns V.T. soften mallify appease

mila’imat, t^ilP mils"yamat n.f. softness
tenderness mildness ; gentleness [A]
mals"i n.f. cream (see under

0 v* mal'ns v.t. fr)

., mal'bs, ^ mal'bah n.m. debris
•Z mal'baJchar’fh n.m. money realized by
headman from peasant for officer’s enterainment
milab'bab adj. wrong but approved brin-
• * ful [pseudo- A ~ P ]

y L malboos' n.m. (pl. malboasst')

U. y, clothes ; garment ; apparel suit
dress adv. clothed (in) [A~ << /-' > Cf 1
ma’lat n.f. worn-out coin

1 ^ mil'lat n.f. society; friendship

mil'lat ks sd'mi adj. friendly ; affable
sociable [ — ]

mil'lat n.f. (pl. mi'lal) followers
of a faith following (of) Muslim
nation (j! mil' It adj. national of Muslim

nation [A]

followers
Muslim
of Muslim

interview Cy t die tSt)> milsqst' ho' ns \i*Y milts'ni n.f. name of a musical mode

be known (to) (Jlalh milsqs'ti 0 *^ adj. of or^as^of Multan (a town in
caller acquaintance i> West Pakistani tf* /U^ milts : ni mat tl n.f..

606

OfL>

Jr

6 ?

armenian bole [~ y/L> a city name]

[Ult mil' la, jUl’ta adj (see under t> mil'na

??•

mul'taji n.m. applicant petitioner,
suppliant aoj. applying requesting
imploring; supplicating Cy { g? mul'taji ho'na
v.t request ; implore; beseen [A ~ Ipi ]
v Pjt mul'tazam n.m. place for prayer near
( / southern corner of the Holy Ka‘aba

fA- (s?S\

, ~.‘a3 * adj. attentive, adv. inclined

(towards) looking - (towards) (A ~

^u3f]

mui'tamis adj. requesting , beseeching ;
c/ imploring [A

♦*(, mul'tavi adj. put off ; postponed
adjourned ( l ) mul'tavi kar’na

(or ■ rakk'na) v.t. put off ; postpone [A ~ ip I ]
aJ mulat'thi n-F. (same as miilaih'ti

O n.f.*)

iL mal'ja n.m. refuge; asylum (jjlf mal'ja-
7 o-ma'va n.m. refuge ; asylum (fig.)

retreat w

tahib adj. flaming Ij * t-ur mUl' tahib

• \ ho'na v.t. be in flames [A ~
ma'lat n.m. mallet [E]

<S? mil'fari adv. & n.m. military [E]

^ mil'h n.m. (rare) salt brackishness [A]

L mul'hid n.m. (pl. tjrlh mala'hidah)
atheist heretic infidel [A ~ )ld I ]
mul'haq (f. & pl. mUl'kaqah ) adj.

U adjoining contiguous subjoined

V * / ‘ mul’haq kar'na v.t. include l’f (

mul'haq ho'na v.i. be adjoining ; be contiguous
mUlhaqst' n.m. pl. subjoined remarks, etc.
[A- JV»]

/* Jf malhooz' adj. regarded considered
JP malhoo'z-t kha'tir adv. borne
in mind Cdfj },'jP malhooz' raki'na v.t. bear
in mind take into consideration VffjjtjP
malhooz taih'na v.t. be taken into consideration
(A- ]

k* mg' lakh n.m. locust Z> mo'r-o-ma'lakh
n.m. pl. ant and locust ; insects IP]

mUlakh'khas n.m. gist , summary ;
{/ abstract ; epitome [A ~ ]

• • i mulatZU. adj* & n.m, aphrodisiac jjh
mUlaz'ziz adj. delicious [A - ]

i t mu' lit mu' lit adv aghast helplessly

S *. > mk'liit mB'lilt tak'na v.i

dP

look aghast look helplessly

mul'zam n.m, (pl. muhamin') the

( ' adj. accused [A - f#\ ]

P .It !r >al zoom' adj. necessitated ('tp)fjl)
[ P' la'zitn-o -malzoom' .n.m. pl. inseparable
persons (or things, etc.) [A ~ fyj ]

mal'oon' adj. & n.m. cursed (person)

execrated being [A - JiiP )
l malgUo'ba iP* malgho’bah n.m. any

mashed food; mash thick soup
fulsome liquid mixture of food [T]

moljooz' adj. (of letter) that is sounded
maljoozat' n.m- pl. sayings (of
saint, etc. ) (A ~ JUP \

«. malfoof adj. enclosed put in the
envelope [A]

•U, mUlaq'qab adj. entitled nicknamed
\al-mulaq' qab-ba ph. entitled

nicknamed [A ~ uJZ>]

/ ma’lok n.m. (pl. mala’’ik, (V

mala 'ikah) angel ma'lak-M-maui

n.m. the angel of death dZ'J* mal'koot’ N.r.
dominion (also ‘alam-e malakoot

n-f world of angels “(jP malakoo'ti adj. angel,
angelic malakoo'ti sifat' n.m. pl. angelic

qualities fA] .

/ ma'lik n.m. (pl. up mUlookf f. J>
ma'likah) king , monarch ; sovereign
chief (of); prince (of) ; magnate ; king
jtf J UPrma'lik-ut-tSjjar'x.M. merchant prince
business magnate ma' lijc-ush-sho'ara'

n.m. laureate ; poet-laureate i ’JO* jala'lat-Ul-
ma'lik ph. His Majesty ma’likah n.f. ★ [A]
/ mul’k n.m. (pl. mama'lik) country

dominion ; realm territory >>
mul'k-ba-dar adj. exiled ; banished ; ostracised
n.m. exile i'J'yjt ujjt mul' kdba-dar' kar'na v.t. exile
uZP t/ i-t <-& tjJr mu!'k*e khuda'

tafig' nes't pa n e gada' iafig' ties' t ph. one can
try one’s fortune elsewhere there is no end to
resources (Sy/ Jmul'k-gl'ri n.f. territorial
aggrandizement of l£ / fj{/sjha'vas-e mul'k-gVri
n.f. last for territorial aggrandizement
mUl'ki adj. & n-m. indigeneous national
[A] oj(y t^ijnavva’ b-e be mul'k ph. pretender
proud person [A]

P mil'k n.f. (pr Jpiamlak') property
possession mil'ki n.m. properti-
ed person landlord mil'ki ka'he

na dil' kt ph. a rich person would never open
out his heart to others , how can the opulent
wear then htart on the sleeve cJ milkiyyat

"F ★ [A]

, nialakst' n.m. (pl of Jv ma'lakah

N.M.*)

hmjt mdlkana v.i. speak with an affected tone
ma'laknd v.i. walk with an affected

gait

, “ j Jy malakool' n.m. & malakoo'tl adj. (see
under *^6 ma’lakKM. *)

Jy ma'likah n.f. (pl. j{lC* malika'et) queen
^ ADJ. (rare) large ma'likah masoor'

n' F a Urge species of lentil [A F. ~
maltk]

Jy ma'lakah n.m. (pl. •£/& malakat') ability
_ proficiency skill Vj«ft>Jb ma’lakah
[ha sU) ho nd v.t. be able to be proficient
(in)

, **jjy milkiy'yat n.f. property possessson
[A~ mil'k]

mal'gaja adj. (f. mal'gaji) dirty;

' affability ^ mi/'ni n.f. (dial.) meeting on
wedding day between elders of two families
wedding procession’s reception
[ mal'na v.t.^ rub message aniont

scrub <!& maid" I n.f. remuneration
for ^scrubbing

malajig' n.m. one of a category of mendi-
I cants ; unorthodox mendicant ; drug,

addict calender [P]

| Zy mil'ni n.f. (see under mil'ra v.t.

\(J &i • ★)

milau’nl n.f. (arch.) adulteration^ Cll> J

soiled faded discoloured dusty

^ mi'lal n.m. (pl. of mil'lat if)

xa • mulam'ma' n.m. gilt plating

^ electroplating aoj. gilt electroplated
tawdry jlstf mulam'ma'-saz n.m. gilder
plater dissembler (fj mulam'ma' • s a’ H

N -F. gilding plating dissembling (

mulam’ma' kar’na v.t. gild plate electro-

plate [A ~ V lustrej
yt mal'mal n.f. muslin

itL mal'mald adj glum; dej'ected

mat mala hat n.f. dej'ection ruiny

mulam'ma, mulam'mah n.m. (arch.)

provisions stored in house to last a whole
month or season

mil'ni v.t. & i. meet come across
have and interview embrace be

reconciled get together get ; obtain ; find
join touch mix ; mingle ; commin-
gle blend resemble tolly
mil' bat {' kt adv. conjointly Ujff J' mil' baitk'na
v.t. come together get 'reconciled

mil ja na v.t. & i. be found ; be recovered •
be received get mixed up join together
be reconciled jJi'J’mil'jal kar adv.
together with a united effort l> l> mil'na
JM'na v.t. meet frequently have friendly
relations (with) n.m. friendly relations Jlf ik
mirta jiil'la AOJ. resembling ^ mi'lan n.m.
(dial.) meeting mi’ lan~sar adj. soaabli ;

affable (Jjl^mi'lan-ta'rt n.f. sociability ,

Or

man

1*| J* milva'na v.t. get joined [~ l> mil'na

* * CAUS.J

I’, y malva'na v.t. cause to rub, anoint or
' * scrub ( ~ l> mal'na .cads.]

• y mulav'vas adj. tainted *»^^,{/gUnah' se
mulav'vas ph. tainted with sin [A -

]

/V mulook' n.m. pl. kings Wj mulooka nah
kJJr AD j. kingly ; royal ; regal
mulookiy'yal n.f. monarchy ; monarchical system
(A- ma'lik)

/ L malool’ adj. sad ; dejected (rare)
U a weary (A ~ Jib ]

ntalo'/a n.m. yearning . wish grief

| j malhar', malar' n.f. name of a musical
mode sung during rains malhar'

ga'na v i. sing in this mode be in a happy
mood

CT^ mulaih'ti , r mSlat'fhi n f liquorice

Af miilham n m. inspired person one to
C . whom something is revealed prophet
mil' ham bil-ghaib' n.m. one to whom
I something is revealed mul'him n m. inspirer
t [A- f'Ul) '

^ mi' It adj. (see under mil'lat n f. if)

, J> ^ <1 L mal’yn-mtt adv. ruined effaced
' •* Vj'i U> mal'ya-mei kar'na v.t. ruin
efface ma' lya-mtt ho’na v.i. come

to nought be ruined be effaced
.. m *'l* bha gat n.f plot ; conspiracy

plot to defraud others [ ~ (> ]

malicfrh.' n.m. (H dial ) pagan
unclean person [SJ

malih' adj. nut brown beautiful

charming malt hah n f nut-bi Own
maid (etc.) (A-*^>*)

608

l, mah'dah n.m. bread mashed in butter-oil
and sugar woollen cloth washed and
rubbed into fineness [ — P tfjJ l rub corr.J
( L male'riys n.m. malaria [E]

V**

mU'imltar n.m. millimetre [E]

S mam n.m. (nurs.) water
jL mil'yan n.m. million [E]

dz

At mulay’yin adj. & n.m. aperient ; laxative

[A~ c^]

( * mamat’ n.f. (rare) death Jf"

^ hayst-o-mamst’ n.f. life and death

[A doublet of 1

mums' salat n.f. likeness ; similarity

resemblance J 1 (/ mums' sil adj.

similar ; alike [A~ ]

[S mums' rasat n.f. practice ; exercise [A]

iT# mamas’ n.m. (Math.) tangent ]A~ J

jft # mams 'lik n.m. pl. countries states
*“7*^. kingdoms; Vealms territories
mams'lik-e ghair' n.m. foreign countries
mams'lik-e mafnoo'sah jj m. protector-
ates mams'lik-e mufav'vazah n.m. ceded

. territories [A - sing.

/t, , mamslik’ n.m. pl. slaves slave
^7; dynasty (A ~ sing. JM j
M ?. mums'na'at n.f. prevention pro-
hibition V mums’ na' at kar’ns v.t.
ban forbid prohibit tij 1 rnims'na'at
ho'ns v.i. be refused be prohibited
(A -

*• . , mama'ni n.f., wife of the mother’s brother;
0 ** maternal aunt ; aunt J

mim'bar n.m. member ^ mimbars'nl
S» (care or joc.) female member tf/Smim'bari
n.f. membership [E]

•|*Va mimtaz' adj. distinguished honoured

■**7 illustrious; eminent; pre-eminent
fi/ljVfjOmumlSz' kar'ns (or farms' ns) v.t.
distinguish honqur [A~ }

mum'tahin n.m- (pl. cjz mumtahinln')
(y examiner fA~ Sr*/]

—m mumtad' adj. extended stretched

** (A-

? mUm’iali adj. brimful (A- lP"l )

•Zf mum'tana' adj. ^prohibited ; forbidden

impossible j^^iabU-* mUm'tano'

n.m. easy style that is nevertheless impossible to
emulate [A ~

irf mamas' sil n . m . ( pl . mumas' sitin')

L/,- actor mamas' silah n.f. actress fA ~

> mumid' n.m. & adj. helper ; protector
jjS mUmid' d-o-mo‘a'vin n.m. & adj.
helper (Cjf t ) tfjjjlyjjS mumid' d-o-mo‘ s' tin ban" ns
(or ho'ns) v.t. become (or be) helper [A-*- jlj*t )
mam' dooh adj.- (f. mamdotfhah

praiseworthy ; landable venerable
aforesaid ; above-mentioned NiM. patron
laudable personality (A ~ £> )

• mamdoo'dah adj. elongated (‘alif’, etc. )
[A~ > )

» mamar’ n.m. course channel pass-
/. age (A- J

V mamrez! n.f. rowel

— j mamzooj' adj. mixed ; blended / A~

/ / ,. mUm'sik adj. miserly niggardly
retentive (medicine) n.m. miser

[A ~ Jut)

mum kin adj. possible practicable,
(J/ feasible plausible ; credible -, con-
ceivable likely liable PRRF. -able : -iblc
lQ>^mum'kin-ul-fyusool' adj. Obtainable ;
procurable Jjijl mum' kin-ud-dUkJiool' adj.
accessible mum'kin-ul-objOfxT. adj. liabk-

to exist distinct from one necessary to exist
mum'kin-ul-vuqoo' adj. liable to
happen mSmkinsl’ n.f. pl. possibilities

y C/li&mumkinat’ ntefi se na ho'ns xj. be
utterly impossible

/ , mam' lukat (or mam' lakat) n.f. (pl.
mama' lik) kingdom realm

country territory (A doublet of <-& mal ic]
y mamloo’ adj. full (of) tilled v\ ith [A j

/ mamlook’ n.m. (pl. wifi/ mams' lik
d J slave captive fjS mamloo'kah adj.

owned j fy* mamloo' ka-o-maqboo’ zah ADJ.

owned and possessed (by) [A - mil'k ]

, » mamnoo"ah adj. prohibited forbid-
/■i’jr den contraband £, Jj mamnoo‘‘ adj.
& adv. porhibited out of bounds
embargoed mamnoo'at' n.m. pl. prohibited

things [A ~ ]

• J mamnoon adj. obliged thankful
d* grateful viamnoon’ kar'ns v.t.

oblige mammon! ho' n& y.i. be obliges i

mamnooniy'yat n.f. being obliged [A~

<f]

mamo’la n.m. wagtail
ma'mi n.f. mummy. [E]

f f ma'mi n.f. mummy ; mummified corpse

0 {E~A Ley)

. > mcurCya PREF. maternal ; of maternal uncle
J: srL*Lf mam'ya-sas n.f. maternal aunt

(of husband or, wife) mar/i'ya-

si'sar (or khu'sar) n.m. maternal uncle (of
husband or wife) ( *• (J/l* ]

•. » mamys’na v.t. (of goat or sheep) bleat

tjr Iono.]

„ y wiBrnit' n.m. He who Causes death (as
attribute of God) (A ~ tS'y* ]

. y mame'ra adj. (f. mame'ri) descended
from maternal uncle [A ~ (J/l ]
if matrA'ra (ped. jyf mami'rsh) a medicinal
/v root useful for eyesight [ ~ P

f mlma/yizah adj. discriminating (power)
9 /Z ) qiv'vat-e mumay'yizah n.m. dis-

crimination mumaj/yaz adj. distinct
distinguished [A— 1

1 0 man ’ n.m. mind heart soul

O' spirit inclination conscience atten-
tion tnaund gem (supposed to be) in
snake’s head ; serpentine gem (fi^fmari a'tak’na
v.t. fall in love (with) ; have an attachment
til if man' UtA’ns v.i. be satiated (with)

(7/ Lj mtm'Uktana (or SAta' jo'itt) v.i. be
sick and tired (of) ; be fed up (with)
mm' B’goi'M (of snake) disgorge its stone
nan-bk&'ta adj. liked ; loved ; cherished ;
favourite (dish) HjTtWy’ man-bha'ta kka'ja n.m.
favourite dish fc/ijj CflJ Is^fman’^ bu'rs (or
bka’rt kar'na) v.i. be dejected •/ man‘-
bka”ona adj. liked by one Z~fyi‘hsiLly: l j'mari
bka"e mSftd'ya hila"e v.i. apparent refusal des-
pite desire man'-bhar ADJ. to one’s

satisfaction about onemaund man

that' ja'na be sated be satisfied ; to be
sated Cff J'J'jS- ttys' man ’ kkar
sit' ‘ kila'na take kl zuban’ nd hits' na v.i. nod
rather than talk L'iW,c/“ man' baihla'mL v.i.
amuse oneself (with) ; divert oneself man'-
tka' la adj. (f. J-cf* mari-fba'h bold ; brave ;
courageous man'-samjhau' tl n.f. resig-
nation i man' Aa kap'ti (or

kkp'j ia or mai' la) ADJ. & N.M. malicious (person)
man’ ka&’sLd kar’na v.i. lose heart |

V/ if man' t kar'na v.t. desire
kiat'ts ho'nz v.i. be fed up (with)
man' ke lad-doo phor'na v.t. build castles in the
air tj/ (fufjifman'- ki man' meh raih'na v.i.
(of desire) remain unfulfilled ™ n ' ki

may ph. whim ; caprice sudden desire
CJ man’ lag’ ns v.t. have the heart set (upon)
ClSiffman' laics' nZ v.t. yearn long for
hanker after man' ma/ raih'na , j\(f

mar' ke bank! raih'na v.i. suffer
patiently suppress one’s desire man’

mar' ns v.t. suppress one’s desire ^ l ^ man-
ma'ni n.f. wilfulness adv. according to one’s
wishes man' -ma'ni kar'na v.i. be aril-

ful; be head-strong do as one likes; act accord-
ing to one’s wishes |> man' mil'na V.u be of
the same mind (as another) nan ' mau'ji

adj. whimsical ; capricious lijf tfyfman' mah'
It' ns v.t. charm ; fascinate ; 'captivate
man'-mo-’kan n.m. (dial.) beloved ; sweetheart
mem ' men adv. in the mind (of)
into the heart (of) VfdZtf man' meti s'nA v.t.
& i. occur (to) ; strike fill (somef/ae’s)
heart with one’s love man' hi man'

meh adv. in one’s heart of hearts l r mai va n.m.
(endearingly or as dim.) heart
r t man' n.m. hole in the middle of weighing-
W balance beam - . . „

f * man' pron. I (to)

man’ a'nam ke man' da mm ph. I anow
my limitations do not pull my
yji rlyjman' tars' fa'ji bi-go'yam to mars'
ha'jl bigo' ph.^ mutual admiration j

^ lS'£'■e^J^ssi*m<m , (be me sars'yom-i-tambco'ra-e
man' (jith me sars'yad ph. contradictory reports
from the same end (/

khoob' me shins! sam ptra'ne parsa’ ra p’h. (iron.)
the veneer of false virtue is too thin for my
eyes [P] t

f a man ’ n.m. manna (fjk'j if mann-o-sal'oa n.m.
O' manna and quails (with which the
Israelites were fed during the Exodus wonder-
ful victuals [A ~ ] ,

> min psef. (rare) ^from imf rrdn-js' tdb adv.
O' from. ; by Jill tf'min-jamb-illah\ adv. from
God min-jUndah adv: from among ; out of
all bjfi£&min-frn's-tf-majmo ot ' ph. on the
whole kWl-il-vBjeok' ph. in every

respect min-vajoh ph. in one way for
one reason mi'n-o-*an adv. exactly ; as it

was ; to the very letter CA* mirths' adj. A adv.

★ [A]

610

S'

» \* mini' n.m. sacrificial centre on the outskirt
C? of Mecca [A]

. rnUn’na n.m. (f. (f'munni) small child adj.
is* small.; little Qf'nan'nha mun'na adj.
(r. (f' J*" nan'nhi mun'nl) small ; little
j^manabir m.m. (pl. of^->N.M..-*)

. manat' n.f. name of a pre-Islamic Arabian
''w / * goddess [A]

. Tt ttnajoi' N-F. hymn supplication

so God ; iniplorationii>^(jJ(pU , fftft»<ija('
path'm v t. sin? a hymn implore God |AJ
^ £ / i munS d‘ i n.m. vocative case [A— l> J

. munadi N.F. proclamation public
announcement to the beat of drum n.m
(pcd.) proclaimer town-crier V/jjfiymuna di
hat'na v.t. proclaim to the beat of drum 1A~

PREC.j

| * manat', fjl^mana'rah (pop. though ungram-
J matical jl>pmirmr') n.m. tower mina-
ret light-house [ A — jj ]

muna'za'ai n.f. quarrel contention

Jflf'lA -M>]

. . manaiil __n.f. pl- stages storeys
Gk^pliases ^2 (Jj£smana'?il-t i/a'mar n.f. pl.

a

phases cf the moon [A - JX 3
( muni' sib adj proper 'meet ; becom-
• l^ing lit : appropriate expedient
suitable : opposite ; pertinent corresponding
— -a«'U-i*!M«U sabot n.f. fitness ; suitability

connection ; relation relevancy ; consistency

A

S. , mantiuk n.m. pl. rites of pilgrimage
tavv rites prayers £ *-*C'&mana sik-e haj’
n.M. pl. Haj rites (A ~<J&) .

^j^mana s\b n.m. (pl. of *-^n.m. if) ^

Vp* mani i ‘ T NM ‘ ^ SCC under J^' N - M - ★)

i*. muna fir n.m. pl. views ; scenes

manuiu-c qad’rat n.m. natural scene [A~
sino. jfy j

L*j* muna corah n.m. dialectic ; polemical
3/ writing or speech controversary ; dia-
logue yPtsmUnB'zir n.m. [PL.tfjsUminazinn')
dialectic ; dialectician ; polemical -writer or
speaker [A ~ Jp J

_ • .• mnna'farat m.f. hatred [A-iS'V]

&f\S

• . muna fatal n.f. bid to out de another

be one better strife (A]

y

•f N.M. (PL- of><* X N.M *)

^lymana/e 1 n.m. (pl. ofv^N.r. if)

J lyrnSni'/a (argils) n.m. profit
O ^ muna fa' n.m. net profit glsflrkhv*
muriafa * N.M. gross profit
— • munafiq n.m. (PL M^r !■''>*»«« •*/»$**')
(✓‘'''hypocrite dissembler pretender to
\s\umCP^mUna' fayat N.F. hypocrisy dij»

simulation show ; pretence pretensions to
Islam [Ajjtii]

\ AOJ- contrary (so); negating

^ . mana'qib n.f pra Mrs qualities
‘^^'eulogy of Imams &A\smuna qabal n.f.
composing encomium to Imams [A~*3^*|

I J” muna qashat K-P .^l smuna'quthak n.m
dispute contention (A)
muna'kahat n.f. marriage [A doublet of

i. -manat' n.m. what comes to hand (only in)
0*^ J&j Jlmal-o-mandl N.M. wealth ; riches [A]
.* mannatt' n.m. great benefactory this

C'*'** as attribute of God [A ]

.... mana'na v.t. coax ; cajole bring

v *' round persuade prevail upon
wheedle conciliate appease ; propitiate
celebrate (festival) [A ~ fc'kCAUs.j
fl.- manah.ij n.m. (pl. of g n.m. if) high-
er ways ; roads ; routes [A — )

manakt n.f. prohibition n.f. pl. prohibi-

ijt ^'tions n.-f. pl. prohibitions [ ~ A siNC. iT-J
^ ’munab'bat aoj. (rare) embossed tgjtfcwf
munab' bat-ka' ri n.f. embossing raised

tloral pattern [A]

mim'bar n.m. (pl. j[ty’ mana'b'ir) pulpit [A)

mamba ‘ n.m. (pl. * mans' be') foun-
0y tainhead source : origin [A]

man’nat n.f. vow vJ'ffjjUaifnaiiMtpotttt
kai’na v.t. fulfil a vow ijftfj/fliSmn'net
pao’ti ho'na v.t. (of vow) be fulfilled
man not ka ph. got or kept as a result of vow
Jjl>fcyman'nat ki tony' PH. neckband. worn in
fulfilment of vow ffjf.ff^Sman'nal ki be'rt PH.
such shackle on child’s foot ki

bat' ph. hair worn thusU'lt sjfmariHatmittnt
v.t. to make a vow [A — fc't J

• min'nat n.f. (pl. mt'nanj bumble
request , entreaty ; supplication (rare)

obligation CUtl<d£ / mitfnat Ufka’na v. come under tive Ji/f^jnin'taqm-miza'ji n.f. vindictiveness
obligation -C*. &Smin’nat-pa&T' adj. acknow- fill [A~ f'U/'ii] _ .

1 edging of (someone’s) favour td{,\c*^min’nal- | (ped. ) muntaha' n.m. , goal
pazi'rt n.f. acknowledgement of favour extremity IZr^mintaha' -e maqsood'

min'nat sama'jat n.F. entreaty ; supplication n.m. goal ; ultimate aim tfV*'* min'tahi. adj
coaxing ; cajolery j cornin' nat (or proficent learned n.m. one in his final yedrs

min' na toft) kar'na v.t. beg ; earnestly implore ; [A~ Lr'l }

entreat ; beseech (j^'iZ^'min'nat-kash adj. obli- J >j >» mifi't n.f. mint [E]

ged adv. under obligation (^ J 'cJ>min'nat-ka‘shi

n.f. eome under obligation [A] b V mi'nat n.m. minute [El

r mun'Uy adv.. leading (upto) adj. deduced
S,pat min’taj ho'na v.i. lead up to

(A-

^J^min'takhab adj. , chosen selected

^7*^ elected ty {J^**min' takhab kar'na v.t.

choose, select elect ; return (someone)
Vf min' lakhab ho'na v.i. be chosen,

be selected be selected [A~

man' tar n.m. charm ; spell ; incantation

^ (dial.) verse of Hindu scriptures
««a'tor par4'«a v.t. & i. enchant recite
incantation (dial.) recite verse of Hindi!
scriptures tf’jgyman' tar phoofik’na v.t. cast a
spell y^p^man'tar jan'tar j an' tar man' tar

n.m, charm incantation exorcism

n.m, charm incantation exorcism
socery (jy'msn'tari n.m. % sorcerer ; magician
(dial.) minister (/y^^)ln^patdi.an' mah'tari

mi'nat n.m. minute [El

Ay man'soor adj. unbored (pearl) prose
J* (writing) Vi kata' m-e mansoor' n.m.
prose [A “• y* ]

•» muh'jazib adj. that can be absorbed

'-fj? [A~ V /^i]

muh’juli adj. clear ; lucid (A ]

Js munaj'jim s m. fpt. iSJ? minajjiir&n')
r m astrologer [A ~ ~ ^/frtar]

' Jy min' j amid. adj. frozen congealed

[A* >l£l 1

mifi'jim'lah adj. (see under cf min frit.)

pS malt j an n.m. tooth-powder; dentifrice

(/*

maijh!m v.i, be cleansed be

polished j become cultured. (of langu-

congealed

N.M. (dial;) -prime minister ; 'premier d&tSs* I age ) become chaste hi'U

man tan man dal n.m. (dial.) cabinet [S] | zabiulyH. chaste language . •

A jjfmin'tashit adj. dispersed (crowd)
distracted (ideas) mun'tashir kar'na

v.t. disj>er?e (crowd) distract (mind, ideas,
etc,) Vjfyi&muri tashir ho'na v.i. (of crowd)
be dispersed- (of mind, ideas, etc.) be dis-
tracted (A ~ >14?) J

UjymMn’tozir adj. waiting ; awaiting adv. on
the look-out ; (for )’ yarnin' tazar adj.
awaited ; expected [A - jlffi ]

£+*>* mOn'iazim n.m. manager master of
J ceremonies ; emcee adj. one good at
management [A~

min' tape* adj; profiting enjoying

fA~

. >fJ^*mun‘taqil adj. moyed; shifted carried;

V transoorted v/iy^min' taqil kar'na v.t.
shift - carry; transport L> , filmin' taoil

ho na v.i.

J&n

carry ; transport J&'miri taqil
be shifted be transported [A~

23** mirftaqim adj.

r ; "***

taking revenge ; aveng-
this as attribute of God

ifZr y^manUaqim-e haqi'qi J«.M. (God as) the
Avenger in' taqim>mizttj' adj vindic-

zaban\PH. chaste language . •

mahjamq' n.m. (pl. maja'idq) cat*

pult [A] .

J/ matjh, prep, middle mafjk^dhar N.t

midstream mafjh-diur' meh

par'na v.i. be in midstream be in great
difficulty ; be in. the midst of a crisis tut f*
mafijk'la (f. matjh' A adj. between the

eldest and the youngest ; middle mat j ha' la

adj. middling n.m. half-sued, cauldron
mahjfu'la n.m. delay l % ILff'matjht’la par’na
v.i. (of delay) . occur U mat jins’ la dal'na

.T. delay n.f. midday adj. (of

night) quiet fearful
l^pSmafiji'ra n.m. (same as n.m it)

. Us miin'ttarif adj. disaifccted deviu*
L-Jy ing declining deflecting Cjf&y

min'ftarif ho'na v.i. rebel ; revolt . be dis-
affected deviate deflect [A- C*(St J
Jpf mun'hasir adj. dependent (on)

resting (on) [A -Vll
• Jy mun'ftanl adj. weak lean bent ;

( y curved [A «. ]

Ktt

Jf' \

manhoos' adj . unlucky ; unfortunate;

11-starred inauspicious abomin-
able . execrable damned : d — d [A~

• mar.d suf. able -ible -ful having
Js suf. -ability ; -ibility

fulness having

| •, man da n.m. slump adj. dull cheap
Js mar!da bcih'na v.T. sell cheap

Ijsman'da par'na (or ho'na) v.I. (of
market) be dull of price fall ; slump

• , man'dar (dial, -dir) n.m, (pl. jj U-* manmiit)
JJs temple pagoda Hindu temple

S JJ> muiid'ra n.m. large ring ; a collar

, muftda’ rajah adj. entered; inserted
SjjS mufida'raja-tla'la ADJ. & ADv. above*
mentioned JiJ rjjJtau iidara'ja-e zail' adj. &
adv following ; as follows ; as under ; as given
below QjjlS tnun'daraj adv.. entered ; inserted

ia

J> ^ mail Jamil adj. healed up [A~ (]

.. . muhd'na v.i. (of eyes, etc.) be shut ; be
*Jr shut ; be closed [A- (’>)/]

*, matdoob' n.m. (fl. tf.jXs mafidoobin')

• delegate [A ~ ]

i • mifidil n.f. a kind of brocade turban
iM' table cloth napkin [AJ
ih mult' da adj. shaven ; tonsured a

’Jr kind of shoe having no point-
ed toe [~ i

I miiiidasa n.m. a kind of

'S’ small turban ’Ui l? :

,*| -k, mundana, Ujtr mimjva'ns v.T.

* Jr licad, bread, etc.) shaved cause to be
swindled niunda'i n.f. remuneration for
shaving or hair-cut [ ~ ( caus.)
t.J.jnah'dop n.m. (dial.) temporary struc-
•j^ture'[S]

ntuiiduk’ri n.f. silting posture with
0 j Jr head resting on knees. i,;tJ/Jk>m3kdaJk'r1
marina v.i. sit thus

J it , man dal n.m. (dial.) circle rirrum.
Jr fercnce sphere sky [S]

one s

^jjj^ymatialar.ax.y hover

Jiy maftd'H n.f. group assembly f - 4t>)

i,>. mifid'n* v.t. be shaved be tonsured
be duped ; be swindled
n.m. (H. dial.) the first shaving ceremony (of
child) [- ifty

. mafid'va n.m. theatre- a kind of
\)Js coarse cereal

mutdva'na v.t. (same as fijv v.t. •£)

i >. matti'dha n.m. ■ pavilion bedecked with
'PJr shoots and sprays prothalamion iVu£*
mafid'dha ga'na v.t. sing aprothalamion [ ~ l'i>)
.. > mar.dh'na v.t. cover drum/etc.) with
*JPjr parchment put parchment (over)
encase impose ; palm (something) off (on
C(y*>i>mafidh.vana v.t. get (drum, etc.) covered
with parchment

.b , muh’ di n.f. name of a medicinal plant
O'Js hairless houseless (of mosque;
with no minarets {—
j>y muhdet n.f. parapet

I ,y man' zil n.f. (pl Jjfr mans' zil) storey

wv (of house) goal ; destination stage
(of) journey one of the seven stages into which
the Holy Quran is sub-.divided ; Quranic stage
6/f < Os'" man' zil ba man' zil adv. -by stages
C\gXS-i)yman‘zU par pahuiicjia'ns vjp. take
to* destination perform the obsequies (of)
OJ? ^J^Jman'zil par pahufttfi'na v.r., reach (one’s)
destination IsjJpJman'zil dt'ns v.t .place the
coffin on ground for respite while on way to
graveyard Vj^-i)/^tnan'zil tai' kar'ns v.t.
reach the journey's end get over a stage
O' I man zil kaf'na v.t. act over a stage (WjJJ
man zil kat'na v.i. complete the journey Vj'JyJ
man' zil kat'na v.i. halt ; go one stage in journey
man' zil ko pahafick'na v.i. : achieve
(onc’s)^objcct arrive at (one’s) destination

Jate
(® r

man' zil (h) mar'nS v.i. journey finish a
difficult task jj^tyjr'mariztl-e maqsood' n.f, goal;
destination ttypp man' zil g”b n.f frarc) destina-
tion JyJ" man'zilah adj. storied decker

f A ~ ^ ...

j .ymunaz'zal adj. sent down
Us munaz'zal min-allsh' ph. God’s revelation
[A~ Jy>]

_/. V manzilat n-F. dignity statu*

i£j/S } jjj qad'r-o-man' zilat n.f. esteem
qad'r.o-manzi'lat kat'na v.t. hold in
high esteem [A ~ Jj'J]

i man'zilah n.m. place ; rank (only in) JjpJ.

adj. (see under pref.)

• j/munaz'zah adj. pure; free (from) [A ~ ]

(one sj object arrive at (one s) acstmai
Cj} fojpJ/Jman'zil kko'fl ho'na v.f. be getting ,
for one’s destinationK/f^yijJ^Sman'zil

, ,y mutton adj. s e elu d e d (corner) (A~ arb
(fis justice

/L* MUn'salikah adj. attached strung ^ .
together mBn’jelih adj. attached •

[A~

^^l^mmnsoob' adj. attributed , imputed

betrothed ; fiance {a*** mansoc' bah -jr*^
n.f. fiancee [A- wa^J I contri’

J \fMMuoo kh’ adj. cancelled abolished mansoc

abrogated; annulled Jy^mansoo'kh I bandi'
M.r. cancellation; abolition abrogation; mansoc
annulment [A~£t j khandi

n.f. temperament tor, minded ,

t*' P*~ .(/* ] pknni

jAty man'sha n.m. tenor ; purport motive ; man' set

intention place of origin ; birth place L .Jj
&'<****' has’ b*t man’sha ra. as desired (by)
tiMfjfyma*'lid-o-man'sha n.m. birth-place JjT*

Zjs'manshoor' n.m. manifesto (arch.) suc h)

^ proclamation prism [A- ^2^ ] ij

*ly MB*sH n.m. dark ; vernacular clerk
v (lawyer’s) clerk (army officers) largu- {f/*
age teacher Persian teacher (rare) writer, [A~ i
(arch.) amanuensis (arch-) secretary •

Mitn'sH-kha’nak n.m. vernacular office
mun'M-tfa’lak n.m. (planet) Mercury (£/ (T^* anc e
MBn'sht-ga’ri n.f. clerkship tf^/S mhr-mBn’shi
n.m. superintendent of vernacular office xli**

arbitration S.y^*^ nun'sif-miza'ji s.r.
justice fairplay (A~ *>t^0
^ mansoob' adj. in accusative case
• /*; bearing the vowel-point zabar [A-

mansoc' bah nm. preject plan ;
•Jr^ scheme design ; plot ; conspiracy
contrivance intention aspiration J l

mansoo'ba-buz adj. scheming l^jii^j^mansoo'bab
bandi’ na v.T. plan resolve
mansoc' ba.bah' di n.f. planning
khandatd mansoo' ba-bah'di n.f. family planning
mmoo'ba-bahdl national
plann ing &****(($) l>*j ma ‘ ashi (or Iqtisadi]
man'sooba-bat'di n.f. economic planning [A»
c->]

maniocs’ adj. victorious ; triumphant
succoured ; aided n.m. (correctly
ibn-t mansoor’ though seldom used as
such) name of a famous martyred mystic
[A- &yi>]

. mansoos’ adj. definite and unequivocal
order of the Holy adv. such order/,

[A'

• .manas'sah N.M. bridal chamber

manas'sa-e shohoof n.m. place of appear-)

# # - ly _ L

min'zij adj. & n.m. (pl. nunzijat ') ,

w suppurative [A ~ ^ ] '>"

munshiya'nah adj. clerical nji. clerk’s fee -Apt min' labiq adj. applicable conform.

|A~ lii/J .. t/* ing (to) coinciding (with)

&X* minao/di ADJ. intoxicating C'&minash. min’tabiq Jtar’n* v.T. apply (to) > __

V sAirar' N.M. pl. intoxicating drugs Ipseudo ^^man’tiq n.f. ' logic{& &hjl? ; tfo*nian’tii i
A~p ] C/T (&**}’ ” a ( or bagiar’na) v.t. chop logic

. . (ped- •«*) h.m. (pl. *s**frman-a'~ man'tiqi n.m. logician adj. logical [A-

S. «*) office ; post > U^'swm'xaWar n.m. ]

nfimr ^ke.Vs ~ ^mn’taqah n.m. (pl. mana’tiq) zone

(rare) bt\t&SyJI}i&min'taqal-il-burouj
N.M. zodiacjj^i/^^NwVlflJC-e ba’ridah n.m. frigid
zone *j If 2&min'toqa-t hat’rah n.m. torrid zone
^X^J^min'taqaH mo'’tadHah n.m. temperate zone
[A- 0Ui>]

^^fnMiooq’ n.m- utterance [A- jjr* )

L t/Mii'M ADJ. rolled complicated

<SjTik~ «£~i

£%> man' car n.m. (pi.. /*>m v*t&) scene
jT sight spectacle View ; scape. .
scenery f'bjr'marizar-t 'zuri IMi- public view
MJjvjifman’zai-t W ptr la'nz bring into
public view make public discloM dividf

. sib) office : post n.m.

(arcb.) officer magistrate s^+ifjt/’saska'ri
mm*’ sab n.m. government poet official
position

•j rmin’s arif adj. (gram.) inflected

declined deviating (from) [A~

* yy man'sarm n.m. administrator clerk
| of court manager one skilled in

management [A ~ /f’t) . .

• r ^ j>rnun'sif n.m. (pl. nuns if in' sub-

judge^ subordinate judge adj. (also
sxf-mizaj') adj. just ; fair-minded ;
given to justice ^{i^munsija'nah adj. just ;
fair |; equitable adv. justly ; fairly ; equitably

min' sift n.f. court of a sub-judge , i public view
justice ; equity judgment ; decision ; verdict I |A- 1

£

614

rrmnaz -
nMnaz ' -

muiiaz'zam adj. organized t*
r zam kar'na v.t. organize
'zam ho'na v.i. be organized [A — ^'1

j vanzoot! adj. sanctioned ; granted
accepted approved liked intended
Jr&jjti&mmzito'r-e khatir adv. desired
mnzoo'r-e pa'zar n.m. favourite adj. favourite
beloved adv. in the. good' books (of)
manzoo'rl n.f. sanction permission
approval Uzj (f.,J P / manzoo'r1 de'na v.t. sane-
>on ; accord sanction (to) approve [A ~ Jz> ]
fAfr manzporf adj, metrical ; versified ; in
l ' verse form (rare) strung together (j&firf
kalz'm-* manzdom’ n.m. verse: poem of.

manzoomt' n.m. poems [A]

vum* n.m. prevention dissuasion
U prohibition adv. forbidden , prohibited
Is man’ 1 kar’na v.t. prevent forbid
dissuade prohibit Vyfgfman'* ho'na v.i.
be prevented be forbidden be dissuade
be prohibited [A] .

• AD J- diverted

tavaj'jqh mWatif kar'na v.t. call (some-
one’s) attention (to) U/ tavaj 'joh mun' l atif
kar'na v.t. pay attention (to) [A~ CfiiSi]
t»\^mUn"aqld adj. held convened
celebrated I' JjSf^mUn'aqid kar'na v.t.
hold; call; convene celebrate l‘jfj£r'mun , aqid
ho'na v.i. take place be held ; be con-
vened be celebrated [A - jiSAi) _ /.

m8n"akis adj. & adv. reflected i'jfc'*’"
U mUx'akis ho'na v.i. be reflected [A ~
t/^r]

jtl'mQtC'im n.m. benefactor rich person
l ‘im-o fag? gi n.m. (God as)

True Benefactor [A- ^bit/j
UUlPmOnagh'ghas adv. (of someone's) pleasure
is be disturbed (AJ _

••r. pm’faz n.m; (pl. ji \> mana'fiz) orifice
passage exit [A - )

mthtfd'rijah adj. obtuse (angle) (A-

)

. jAftt&n'foad adj. uniflue isolated
7 solitary ; lonely (A*

j adj. separated [A -

*.r. (Ft. $ ; profit
JUs*** advantage ; benefit t&*Si***nsn'for‘at
Bfia'ia v.i. . derive benefit (torn) profit

& 1 ' . ,
tjpmtn'fo'U adj. asbatned pewteat

y) passive (A* JM)

subtracted

without

ejs man'fi adj. minus
deducted deprived (of)
negative (A - £ ]

,/z‘S mUn'fak adj. Separated [A - i ]

docile

submissive

CymUnqad' .adj
j\js m * n ge T ' n.f- HH ; beak (A)

! *• J ^ Sman'gabal n.f. dignity praise
* eulogy (of the Holy Prophet’s Compa-
nions or relations fA]

munqasm adj. divided classified ;
r categorized [A~
aV* miindq'qdh adj. elucidated (A - g?' ]

— • m

r

. mun'qabiz adj.. not feeling happy ;
{J» dejected [A ~

munaq'qash adj. painted printed

(✓ ... (cloth, etc.) impressed (upon) [A

la^y rrMn'qazS adj. past elapsed

0 expired ended ; finished [A

J&S mOn'qate * adj. snapped finished •
C' terminated exterminated [A

miin'qalib adj. altogether cha

inverted ; upside down

miin'qalib ho'na v.i. (of circumstances) be changed

[A~ <7* Half)

♦V monqoosh’ adj. primed _carved ;
engraved impressed [A ~ ]

1 “^y ADJ. (f. Jrji^manqoo'tah) (of

Jether) dotted (of writing)

| mangooV adj. copied reported ;
O' related ; narrated ; recounted tradi-
tionally reported (sciences, etc.) Oj iJnSrnanqco-
l at' n.m. traditionally; reported sciences; religious
branches of knowledge Jj&'m&nqoo' lah ,adj.
movable (property) reported [A~ ]

I munaq'qa N.M. large raisin adj. (rare)
purged [A ~ ■£&"}

•A, man'ka N.M. bead vertebrae (of neck)
& mon'ka dio'lakna v.i. be dying;
to be at the point of death
y mun'kir N.M. (pl.^ -A minkirin')- atheist

jy jC^mXn' kar ADJ. strange dis-
approved ^/f ^^mStn'kar nakir n.m. names of
two angels cross-questioning the dead in the
grave [A - j&i ) .

mBn'kasir , gj^^mn'kanr.itt.miz^' adj.

615

revealed ; disclosed
■dawning (upon) ; clear (to) [A~

. A vCinia ' ktshtf adj
tiiwninv <i

(£* mankoo'hah N.r. lawful wife adj. married
~Jr (woman) (A ~ £&]

<* J/y mahga’na, vfj&’matgva'na v.t. cause
" j to bring get an order placed

mahg'ta n.m. beggar mendicant ;

borrower adj. (one) given to begging
n.f. beggar woman ; beggar ;
maid borrower adj. (woman) given to beg-
ging or borrowing [A -

mafig'sar n.m. ninth Hindu month (cor-
responding to November-December)
matt gal n.m. Tuesday (dial.) Mars

U bustle festivity pleasure song

of pleasure Clf ( jfi'map' gal gs’ns v.i. sing a song
of joy or congratulation ; sing in praise or
honour (of) Vyjp'moh'gal ho' ns v.i. be a lot of
bustle or festivity methg'H n.f. irritable
gitUSJ x,

rjB* mahg'nh n.f. betrothal ( ~ fc^l )

mafigra'ni v.t. (same as ifrs.T *)

jA m&goo'&i n.f. (same as J^S n.f. -)c)

A maftgo’ra n.m. seasoned gram meal roll
l iJr^ mahgo'ri n.f. such vetch roll *

mafige'tar n.m. fiance n.f. fiancee [ ~(f^ J

. * min' -mm n.f. numble nasal tone
slow working (,• / min' -min
kar' ns V IV*' - minmina'na v.t. mumble speak
through the nose go slow t in work ; work
slowly (ono.]

man'ty v.t. be reconciled be soothed
^ t Kr. J'tfgfmari man kar bi’ garni v. 1 . be-
come estranged even after repeated reconcilia-
tions Ctymanva'na v.t. cause to agree
cause to admit cause to recognize Jjf
manm'li n.f. reconciliation { - l>‘l]

> miunav'var adj. illuminated lustrous

jr [A- y/\

wS««p'm« adj. nunated (A- y j

A? mam' kar adj. lovely bewitching [S]

, miHih' (also written as Jry or *y) n.m.
mouth face , countenance figure
tongue opening , orifice guts regard
direction V'fym ihh' s ns v.i speak

rudely oi* insolently have the thrush V U fj?

miifih' a ja’na v.i. have the thrush 1, •/

(ap'na sa) mufth' It' kar raih' ja'na v.i. lose
hope feel ashamed t*> I y mufth! utar'na

VTtf'l'lsl^muiik' it'nz sa ni'kal a'ni v.i. have
the face thinned by weakness ; grow weak
mufih' u'tka kar ekal'na .v.i. walk
carelessly Vlafiy mufih’ fltia'na v.t. hold up
one’s head undertake a journey mufih'

utha’e adv. carelessly dauntlesslyli*i£21?f«>

mufih utka"e cha! It ja’na move ahead carelessly
or fearlessly \jls y iifljsmVfih' S j'la ho ja'na v.i.
succeed; win ‘success; come off with flying
colours iTtflJs mufih' is qa'bil ho'na^ v.i.
be able to be able to face iyjuZ-(jA~'**muiih‘
ash'kofi se dho'na v.i. weep bitterly eZ-yjCtds mufih'
aftdke’re adv. at dawn ; early in the morning
mufih' baftdh' ke baitk'na v.i. Hold
one’s tongue , keep mum CO I^ ^mufth' bu'ra
banana v express displeasure ; show dislike
display effects of bad taste ds mutih'
bisoor'na v.i. sulk ; left in the mouth ; pull a
long face mufih' bigar'na v.i. make faces
make a way face Clrt? > mufih' bi'gar ja'na
v.i. (of bad taste) be left in the mouth C^ O. d*
mufih' band' le'na v.i. sulk ; pull a long face
Vis df'muW banana v.i. make faces pull a
long face > mufih' bafid' kar'na v. cork

put a stopper close the mouth worst
(someone) in argument (fjO J* mufih’ -bafid ka'ti
n.f. bud (fig.) virgin Viyds mufih' banvans
v.t. (iron.) prove one’s fitness for a task/^jJ^*
mufih'-bo'la adj. (f. 6j.* munh-bo'li adopted
(child) sworn (brother, sister, etc.) d*
miifih' -bol'ti adj. life-like (picture) 1‘fyymUnh'
bha'r a'na v.t. be cloyedf l^/dJLj()jA>muiih bhara'i
(or bha'ri) n.f bribe ; a sop yj d^muhh' bkar'

de'na v.t. bribe ^yf^mhfih' bkar ke adv. fully;
much U— d* miifih' bkar ke kos'na v.t. to heap
curses (on) I'b J* mufih’ pa'na v.i. be heard
find agreeable J* d^mhfih' par adv. ty the
face (of) tO'i'jT^C&mUiih' par a”f bit’ ph. on
the point of being uttered mufih' pat

bat' la'na v.t. & i. be on thc point of uttering
disclose a! secret (CkAljO^fc^ridd^mufih' pa
basafif phool'na (or pkal'na) v.i. (dial.) grow pah
mufih' par lkook' de'na v.t. spit or
the face (of) ViJAjfi^Ay^milth'parpkbkri
rakk le'na v.i. refuse to have any regard for
VOyf mUfih' par pa’rA pkir ja'na v.t. tool

healthier par pketk' mar' as v.i.
return irritably ItmiZAd^mUth' par &<rrh’na v.i.
(of word, phrase, etc.) come easy or natural

616

>

become an expletive 4 y mufth'^ par

zar'di khiftd' ja'na v.i. grow pale
mufth' par sha'faq pkool'na v.i. (of face) be flushed
with joy £tf-j IJZrl> mufthj par japjjtah Ur' ja'na
v.i. feel jittery C# par qlf'l (or
mok'r) lag' ns v. be dumb-founded C/ S~>s mufth'
par kaih'na v.t. say to the face (of) tjpx mutih'
par Ians v.i. say; utter fjyp laf £ ^ mufth' par
H(k)'kha ho'na v.i. have visible proof
mtifih' par mar'na v.t. & i. return initably
tell to (someone's) fa ce(tytf!:jCb?'jy-S*>mufih par
mur'dani (ha'na (or phir'na) v.i. look ill
have cadaverous looks \jyph ^Jl's.^smutih' par
eat' na ho’na v.i. be shameless Ljfil- &jpf>mufih'
par na'mak ho'na v.i. be charming owing to nut-
brown colour it mufth' par noor' na

ho'na v.i. lack the appearance of piety be
very weak S„ismufih' par hath' pher'na

rub face with hand (do so) to threaten reprisal

(do so) to vouch for truth of one’s prediction
/.s'muhh’ par hath 1 rakh'na shut
(one’s or someone’s) mouth with one’s palm.

(do so) to enforce quietness ( L'jufkjL'jifJls L-"./ is
mufth par hava"iyaft urn a (or chhooi'na) v.i/
change colour be confused have the blue
funks V/pismufth' par'tta v.i. be eaten be
talked about have the courage (l o)
mifth'-pa'ri n . f . & adj . town-talk CtstAjCCjis
muiih' passr' kar rath ja'na v.i. . look aghast”
be wonder-struck mufth’ -phat’ adj. & n.m.

babbler abusive (person) i fiat .is mutih'
phyiia'na v.t. be annoyed pull a long fa ee
lx > ySfismUfth' pher' de'na v.t. cloy
math' pher le'na v.t. turn one s face (from)

disown ; refuse to acknowledge Clk^ismufth'
phiihi’na v.i. gape ismuhti phaila’t adv.

agape tjsis mufth' pit' na v.t. slap oneself in the
facet mufth' tak ana v.i, come close to
the mouth be on the point of being uttered
mufth' tak'na v.T. look blank ; have a
blank look on the face gaze (at) look up
to JiSmufth to de'kho PH. (iron.) just look
at it ; it (etc.) dare not <£•>>>* mufth' tor' ke
pii. (reply) curtly; bluntly \ij'j is mUfifr lor’jta
v.t. break (someone's) jaw-bone (t‘
mufth' thitka'na (or s ja'na) v.i. show signs of
annoyance or unhappiness jor'na
v.t. backbite talk in whispering tones
is mufth' jhu[a('na v.t. eat just a little IS
t *1* mufth' dat'nzt v.t. lick the face kis
mufth' dwav'vat n.r. caress ; caressing 'lifts'
piftfjp fair o' na v.t. & i. make face ; mouth ; gri-

mace UrJgjfMiihh' dta'rha adj. (f. if JZ is" math'
ch a 'rhi) favourite i\dfc>mufth' (Par ha'na v.T.
show too much favour (to) cause to become
saucy thus make a wry mouth mufth'

chaik' na v.i. become the favourite (of) Cliffs
mUfth' (hala’na v.i. go on eating dainties
abuse t>*Asmufih' (pal' ni v.i. move the tongue
eat abuse talk irreverently
adj. & adv. not facing others owing to shame or
shyness Isj jjt^^.f^s'mufih’ jtoom’ kt (phot’
de’na v.t. desert after achievement of own object
(Is} f&h) C'JTs’muiih' (Poom'na (or dtoom’ le'na)
v.t. kiss ; caress CXsgismhth &kdpaM v.i.
hide one’s lace (from)* ; observe ‘purdah’ from
mufth ^tho’a'na v.t. treat with great
but outward respect ll/i—' if** mufth’ kharab’
kar'na v.i. leave a bad taste in the mouth
use foul language is mufth'

sookh' (or khush'k ho) ja'na v.i. have a parched
throat mufth.' dar mUth’ adv. (col.) face to

face Clfj as mufth' dikka’rta v.t. appear ; show
one’s face ftl/j+'mith' dikka"l n.f. present
made to bride by groom’s Family on - first meet-
ing after marriage when she Unveils before them
&jj»jis m utih' dko' rakh’na v.i. give up all
hope of mufth' de' kar bat' kar'na

v.i. talk with full attention t tffj Htfiiis m uth'
dekh'te raih' ja’na v.i. stare (someone) in the face
in amazement Hufjjis mQfih' dekh'na v.t.
see the face (of) ~ look up to (someone),
look up to show regard (far)
mufth' de'kht ki mahab'bat N.F. mere show of
friendship or love tCJlflj ls.sis muth’ de'na (or
dal'na) v.t. & i. attend (ofanimaj) put its
mouth to its feed

dhatp dhaftp' kar ro'na v.i. weep bitterly hsUis*
t mufth' za'ra sa.ni'kJ a'na v.i. grow week >
c/j mufth' rakh'na v.i. show regard (for
nMh'-zaba’n i adv. from memory adv. verbal
jjj is mufth' -zor, \*/ ^ is mufth, ka ka'ra adj.
headstong given to using harsh words hard
mouthed tjjj'j is mufth' -zo ri n.f. headstrong-
ness habit of OLr^iS mufth' soft'bkal'na v.t.
hold one’s tongue f is mufth' si’ de'na v.t.

force to keep quiet silence to give hush-
money V. if Js mufth’ si' le'na v.i. keep quiet ;
keep mum <SS->m8*A' st adv. by word of mouth
Cu luzJsmMh' st bat m ni'kdna v.t. be
unable to speak keep ^mum
mufth' it bo'lo sir st kht'lo m. speak out don’t
keep quiet muhh' st pkoct na v.i. (joc.)

speak out Vyf^^^mutih' st phool' jhar'na v.»

>

617

speak levely language speak sweetly

muth' se doodk' \t'pdkna v.i. be yet a
child have little or no sense
muth st ral' la'pakna v.i. (of mouth) water <*->*
if^j^U^f/^muth' st nik'li ko'iiot pat &aril
prov. secret once devulged becomes town talk
Kf, "0 ^muth' faq' ho'na v.i. change colour
froiri fear (£*£ JO* muth' ka pho'ra N.M. foul-
mouthed person I'fptf'jsmUtih’ ka'la kar'na v.

incur dishonour bring disgrace (on)
have unlawful sex relations
muth' ka mi'ti a pet (or dil) ka kho'ta ph.
hypocrite fair without \if ffetmSHih ka had'-
tha ADj. unreliable tender-mouthed (horse)
pl> tfjfmath ka nivs'lah adj. mouthful
easily attained mifih' kar'na v.i. to con-
front ; to turn one’s move (towards) attend
burst open U^^mTtth' kil’nsv.l. keep mum
refrain from opposition ClM^mUkh' ihUha'na
v.t. provoke into saying unpleasant things
make saucy J>muth' khol'na v.t. open
the mouth disclose abuse (J> (S* l
muth' ko khoon (or la'hoo) log'nd v.t. become
carnivorous become cruel or rapacious jf if
muth' ko ka’lak laga'na v.t. slander f&/j>
>j maijh' ko lagam' do ph. shut up talk
sense C& f>m~*th' ko lag' Ha v.i, know the
good taste develop a relish for
math' kka"t atkk' lija'tvv.ov. one has to
yield to one’s benefactor 0*1-* muth' khal'na V.t.

be about to say something become foul-
mouthed Vj£j£->matti kt bal gir'na v.i. fall
face foremost ; fall fla t < Cd—4rl}j
muth' ki (or st) bal’ (ikin' ha (or fi'sJsk le'na)
v.i. say what (someone) was about to sayiUffi*
math' ki kka'na v.i. suffer disgrace tt/>
mdth' kil'nz v.t. strike dumb force to keep
quiet through charm K/fjDifmutk' Idl' kar'na
redden (one’s) lips cause cheeks to flush (with
slap) VjfJtfi* muth' Sal' ho'na v.i. (of face) flush
with anger l^v *-C S —^i^muth' lapet' kar par’
taih'ni v.i. lie down in comer in low spirits or
in protest Hfidjsmuth' lai ka'na .v.i. pull a long
face C&Jfmutk' laga'na v.i. show undue favour
to t»i**M*kk' lag' na v. suit the palate be-
come used to 1*1 a tj/^-^O^ap'na sa muth' It
kt raih' ja’na v.i. remain silent through shame
VAi+mlth' mar'na v. (of animal) bite

put mouth in feed > mUth'-mat'ga adj. (r.
<f*t>’mii*k'-ma»'gi) asked for prayed

for tyjjf J’i^muhh' mat'gi^ murad'ta'na^v.t.
attain one’s prayed fpr wish J OsiS^**

muth'- mat’ gl maul' tfkl nahit a'ti ph. you cannot
have every thing you wish f j£.l H* math' -mat' ft
dam' n.m. rv. price demanded fancy price
V*y if mlth' mor'na v. turn away once face
(from) abstain from, desist (from) shun ,

avoid of&fifmlth' ml’f&a kara'na v.t. give
a treat bribe Vjlir^iamapK mi’tia Kar’na
v.t. give (someone) a treat bribe ,

sweaten the mouth (of) VTutiftnUth' met a'na
v.i. come to one’s lips ; be about to be uttered
OJ.ji ■*** muth mti bol'na n.m. mumble
V^/dmAth' met pa'm hhor a'na V.I. (of mouth)
water £ mtt pa' M $3’a na v.t.
trickle water into dying person’s mouth
muth' mtt par' no v.i. be eaten become talk
of the town muth' nut pari' ns v.t. read

or pronounce inaudibly ( O? *+

rnUth' (or d at' tot) fntk tin'ka U'nay.l. acknow-
ledge defeat show servility *J\i(£ifmath' mtt
khak’ v.t. never to Hell with

mtt dm’ naptt' mtt atP ph.
very old ; decrepit old person ()lj
df Smith' mtt gkMtgk’niyat dal' kar taiik'n*
v.i. keep quiet when it is essential to speak
JCi. '(flt^-t^jikt) mMh' nut git’ dak' kar ph.
thank you for this wonderful piece of news
come out with the happy qews OSJa*muth’
nock’ le'na v.t. scratch one’s face (in intense
grief) > math’ no dtkh'na v.t. disdain to

look at t / * ta'taf) math’ na kar'na

v.t. not to go (towards) havec no truck
(with) jfjti’^^rmuth' na khai’va"o ph. do not
force to disclose your secrets or weak points i-Jir
C& muth’ tut laga'na v.t. not to encourage some-
one to become familiar Vjlifmitk' ho'na v.i.
have regard (for) dare muth' hat

ph. dare he 1** math.' hi rnUth met Apv

to one’s self mumbling

I •*minha' adj. & adv. subtracted deduct-

ed vf&minha’ kar'na v.t. subtract 5^-^
minha' i n.f. subtraction deduction (A
from-i -(*]

-l^rninhaj' n.m. programme (rare) path
& (A- g)

. • manhar ', jL-fmanhiyar' n.m. maker or vendor
^‘' t of .glass bangles (S'&manha'ti,
manhiya’ri n.f. female bangle-vendor

imin'hadim adj. demolished (A ]

(U*

: met h' di n.f. (more favoured but less used
form of Ha** -it

Syjs min' hazim adj. routed (A~(*[>i?l) (or fh'sid) mavsd' n.m. natter bad

'•'V . . humour [A ~ sing. tj l mai'dah)

jin*r min'haim adj. digestible [A~f u*V|] w.m. comparinn J

mn'hamak adj. absorbed ; engrossed (A- . n.m. account of (annas, pice, paisa,

t ^k y '] etc.) aOj. (rarej opposite [A1

Sman'Al adj; forbidden ; prohibited ; banned *, .macs' ski n.m. (pl. same as c#n.m. pl. a)
y V ' ^L^manhijyst' ».P. pl. forbidden things \ (JIJ

unlawful things [A - ^ mo'ssalSl’ n.m. PL. communications f* litf

Vmfi'ni n.m. Hindu recluse with a vow of £>\k*i/nizo , m>’t rn’iualat' n.m. communi-

ty silence [SJ > ^

1 V ma'nJ N.r. money j)jStfmdril Sr’dor N.M.
C? money order ; M.O. (E)
r ^jSma’ni n.f. semen ; sperm (A]

^/•ww'alN-p. egotism |P~ ' (/* 3

l^miinlb’ n.m. penitent (rare) represen*

tative

-jLSmai'nejar (or mane' jar) n.m. manager [E]
^5**

^/munir' adj. illuminating [A~ V)

n.m- (dial.) manager accountant
/* ffiini'nd n.f. office of manager-cum*
accountant [A - w^corr . ] ^

> mau n.f. bloom of youth tfi symau par s' ns
. • v.r. be in the prime of youth
. woo n.m. (lit.) hair t^iiymoo-bsf N.M. tassled
strings for plaiting hair y.ymoo bo-moo'^ adv.
exactly entirely ; in evcry^ part ft moo-
shigafi n.f. hairsplitting ifj moo-shiga 'f *
kar'ns v.i. split hairs *rjm.oo' -qa' lam N.M. painters
brush jfj Z~/moo-e zehsr' N.M. pubes ; pubic
hair [P] ,

s.mW'a adj. (f. jymu" i) dead cursed;
If damned • d— d JjitfW’a bs’dal n.m. sponge

...

^yiymava'slq N.M. (PL. oftJ^N.M. if)

~ I mavvsj’ adj. billowy stormy [A~ &/]

&f

macs' jib n.m. salary dues [A ~ l

VH-Avhatever+wfjwas due|

f muvs'jahah n.m. confrontation
*ff mjiajahah ph. face-to-face [A- *?> J
•* 1* a<> N,p .‘ brotherhood fratemi-

zation [A - &1 brother]

• • ,s.mo\a khazah wji. accountability; calling „ death dec

twf toaccotnt arrest penalization <ur(/ ^ptflCe/maat l£tA v.T. die

i t t . . .A • _ _ .. «

cations system fA~SINO. tjf>\

£&lymv*ze' N.M. (PL. of^ji.M. -A)

macs' tin n.m. (pl. of J^/gx^j n.m- A)

^U.mo's’zsbot n.p. regularity ; doing some
''t\f thing regularly assiduity 1 ‘fsfiy

m's’zabat kar'ns v. do something regularly [A]
£j/ymava ( iz n.m. (pl of C^*n.f. A)

^j^ymacs'W n.m. promises [A - sing. jUv)

~\..mo's'fiq ADJ. agreeable suitable
(y > conformable consonant adv. ftu , in
favour (of) in accordance (with)ef()V
mt's'fiq s' ns v,t. agree (with) c&[/mo'a'faqat
n.f. agreement ; accord suitability
conformity consonance accordance fc/iSfy*

mtfp'Jaqdt kar’ns v.T. agree (with) [A]
gPjymavs'qe N M. (pl. of n.m. A)

„ .jno'slsf N.F. co-operation CtjH/Jjtor’k-*
mo'slsl’ N.M. non-co-operation [A- ]

n.m. slaves servants (rare)

lyf clients [A -sing. $y)

.tynacslid’ n.m. pl- types of creation king-
dams (rate) progeny ? If jJ*y marsh’ d-e
sals’ sah n.m. pl. three kingdoms of nature ;
animal, vegetable and mineral ; kingdoms [A -
ante, jjy]

U mo’s'naset s.r familiarity mutual
love [A

,,j '.jnavi ne n.m. ?t. obstacles impedi-

C^*inents[A-’ {10

n.m. (pl. of U«jS*n,f. A)

^tff

-noa’bid hm. Zoroastnan priest

y

^ moat n.f. death decease . mortahty
^ftnc^maKt afta v.t. die y/t£.o*'<2>y

* tO aCCO iill aricj* pciiai ^ — ^ . -

Vfmo'a'khazih kar’ns v.t. call to account mad Mt U* tm'U pkifra v.L feel approach of

^ a- >-u

( maud' n.m . matter ra\

pus (arch ) humour >»y(.

material

ty'MgaX**

par'll* v.t. (fig.) shun

1 (<» mabg’na) v.t.

; Ask Ai. pray (for someone’s) death be ditgusted

619

.with life &! maul ka bazar' gar'm

hn'ns v.t. (of mortality) be widespread s-tSOy
(tyjb'hOJfmwl'. sir par kful'rta (or savar' ho' no)
v.t (of death) approach t^ymaut ke

Jin poo' re kar'm v.t live in very poor circum-
stances VjU JZ > ld <£ Cejfmaut ke ghat ' utar'na v.t.
kill ; murder^ \i Jr* j£',L-&y maul ne gkar' dekJt'
li'ya hai ph. death has singled out this house for
visitations Vy'&ftf'Jap'm maut' mar'na v.i. die
a natural death l Ty mau'ta n.f. (dial.) death [A]
' Jay moot' n.m. (vul.) urine; piss tyj/mool'na
* v.t (vul.) make water ; urinate ; pass urine
~.mo''tamar n.m. conference consultative
// committee (A ~ y* / J
I !/ /• nw t ^ s N - M - a kind of grass its root
Wy medicinally

i^y mau' la n.m. pl. the dead [A - &ymaul}

? ms'll n.m. pearl adj. pearls^ Jy mo'll fnro'na
{jJ v.i. string pearls speak eloquently
write, a lovely hand J^jymo'ti-^ioor n.m. tiny
sweet drops N.r. sparking eyes {of Kabul pigeon)
fji ^jJ^Jym'n-Aoor ke (oftfos n.m. pl. balls
rolled frout these drops Oj^cCsJthjytno'li khak'
me* rol'na V;l. waste a treasure Otj’tfymo'ti
rol'na v.t. collect pearls accumulate wealth
Vy, *-r/ff*-'f\2f/‘$y mo'll koot hoot kar bka’re
ko'n a v,t (of eyes) be very loyely kffijJ/mo'ti ki
ah' n.f. lustre of a pearl ki si a b-

N.r. lustre like that of a pearl (Jymo'ti
ki si' pi n.f. shell^f*— /‘l *-(jj?fmo'lxyon se

maftg bkar'na v.i. string pearls ip hairiHJ'lf'ijyS
mo'tijotka jha'la mm'. pearly ear-drops ($*)£(£//
mo'liyo* ~kl Wri n.f., ^jyymo'tiyofi"ka
Aar' n.m. pearl necklace £j mo'tiyon men
tol'na v.t. weigh (someone) with pearls do
(someone) great honour
j** mo'tija n.f. a species of jasmine;

.y jasmine adj. cream-colour £ U/*
motiya-bohd n.m. cataract
. Jrmo'fa adj. (r-.Jy mo'fi) fat ;

** plump ; corpulent bulky
thick coarse large bold (type, etc.)
major gross low typ e&l'ffrmo'fa an*}'
n.m. coarse grain; inferior kind of cereals sjftV
mot a lazah adj. stout jho'pa adj

inferior ; !->w quality coarse (fUlySmo'J
out' mi n.f. rich person wealthy client V
C/l mo ' ti bat N.F. straight talk plain-spcak-
•ng J fjy mo'ti ga'li N. v. gross abuse ^
h. mo' tar n.f. motor-car motor ijzyy

s* mo'iar jarf’im n.m. driver j chauffiavfcV

mo'tar-kar n.f. motor-car (E]

%*mcth n.m. kind of vetchling
' fomo'ik &ata'»a v.t. charm J
cast a T speii (over)

>. ymovds. n.f, fist handle ; j

grip t'/JS'ymooth. kar'na v.t. hold. (quail, -etc.)
in hand and press it to make it ready for fight
l jijiy mootk mar’na v.i. masturbate
l^Jfy mo fi r3 n.m. (etc.)' chain on grip of
/ sword (etc.)

A^mo"as’sir adj. _ effective touching
Js efficacious tjf }y mo' 'as’sjr ho'na v.i. be
effective ; have effect prove efficacious (A ~

Jtl

max; n.f. (pl. fr’yiamoaj') wave surge ,
Q/f billow whim ; caprice ecstasy ; rapture
wave (of) ft^/huiu; a'na v.i. (of wave)
rise or advance have a whim^f ^ymauj'-khez
adj. billowy stormy y’^ymauj'-zan Koy.
billowy stormy ; tumultous raging Vjrtf'yy

magj’-zan ho'tia v.i. (of storm or passion) ragejyy
ma:i'j-z<fn i n.f. raging (of storm, passion, etc.)
l‘S g, ymauj' kar’na v.i. enjoy oneself ; have a
good time VjI &ymauj' mar'na v.i. billow
enjoy oneself ; have a ! good time I’Tvt&ymauj'
men a’na v.i. be overjoyed -be in a fit of
emotion feel enraptured /mass' j^emasim!,
n.f. waft of breeze j?y mats' j ah n.m. (lit.) billow
tfy mau'ji n.m. & adj. cheerful (person)
capricious (person) gyrf man-mats' ji n.m. & adj.
whimsical or capricious (person) (AJ-
_ moo'jib n.m. reason (of) ; cause (of)

kt ba-moo’jib n.m. according to ; in
accordance with pursuant to consequent
upon JA

moo'jid n.m. (pl ^jjmymoojtdln') investor
JP* (rare) cause (of) (A ~ jt/lJ
yyjmoojag ft Mi compendhimv(A ~ jiff)

Lp mo'aj’jal adj. payable at a later date
U,f (of money settled on wife) payable on
demand [A - Jfj )

maujood’ n.m. that which is or exists adj.
AJi'' present ; existing existent extant
ready at hand available tjfymaujoo'dah
adj. present presentdxy current tP tjjry
mppoodat’ n.f. pl. beings existing things
(f?jry maujood’ gi (ped. -da-) n.f. presence ; exis-
tencef | jCj^yymaujood'gi me* aDv. in the
presence (of) ; during the exiSMfece (of) ^
during the currency (of) (A - J

+ mau'jah N.M» <jT/ mau'jt n.m. & adj, (see
• + under n.f. yfr)

j muvaj'jah adj. valid ; plausible (of reason)
Z/jj* bi-doo'n-e 'uz'r-e muvaj'jah ph.
without any valid reason

7 j mo (K n.f, sprain i i &/mo(fc' a'na v.i sprain
(one’s foot, etc.)

r*' -tj* moch'ras n.m. gum yielded by ‘semal* ;
U Sy ‘semar gum
^y mogfe'na n.M; tweezers [ ~ P \

mos&h. N.F. (same as.^y n.f. ■*) (jfy
moo&'thhal adj. & n.m. one having large
moustaches

n.m. shoe-maker ; cobbler ^mo'&an
0J n.f. cobbler’s wife . female member of
cobbler’s family

mo" ah' hid adj. & n.m. Unitarian ; person
Jff believing Ip the unity of God ‘Ajeymo'ah-
hidanah adj. Unitarian [A ~ )

••jr.movah'hi^h adj. bewildering shocking
t/v [A ~ *i^5)

•jmo'akh'khar adj. posterior put at the
yd! end Jjjtyymo'kh'khar-Uzzik’r adj. the
latter last-mentioned

a mo' ad' dab adj. respectful disciplined
*7^/ well mannered polite , civil ; cour-
teous ; , 1 // mo’addaba'nah adv. respectfully
courteouslv [A~~;0

mavad'dat n.f. friendship affection
love [A — » ]

— j, mo'dhoo n.m. simpletion

mo'.di n.m. shopkeeper grocer

0 J>y keeper of provision stores tff/mo'di-
kba'nah n.m. pantry

mo'az'zin n.m. one who shouts the call to
piayer [A ~(Jbl)

,'ynoo’zi n.m. tormentor miser adj.
obnoxious pernicious tyrannical
wicked miserly; niggardly J l tfift/moo'zi ka
mnV n.m. miser’s property or belongings (A -

M j,

~mor' n.m. peacock -

Jf paii'khi n.f. hand-fan opening
out like'peacock feathers peacock ’

bargejbvy* mor'-dial n.f peacock

dance ;‘dancing on arms with feet
in the aW(j£/mor -{Jn&al n.m. fan made of
peacock feathers horSe-hair fly - whisk dVififj/
jt gar' dan n f. long and be

mor'rA n.f. pea-hen

J mor n.f. ant y jfmo’r-o-ma'lakh n.m. ants

J and locust [PJ _

jtnaur n.m. blossom (of mango tree) f TjSs-
par maut’ a'na v. (of mango tree) blossom
M jtnoo'rat n.f. image figure ?. figurine
“■“-v statuette ~$jymoo'li n.f. (dial.) idol
moor'li-poo'ja n.f. idol-worship ; idolatry
^ jtnoo’ris n.m. legator ancestor , pro-
%tn\tOT (jfl&j/moo'ris-e a" Is. n.m. remote
ancestor [A *j) ]

I j mor'&ah n.m. trench entrenchment
mor" (ha-ban di kar'na v. en-
trench dig ‘ trenches (Ijl i t mor'
(h. a hjil'na (or lend, or mar' no) v.j. capture
enemy’s trenches f

Y \mor'(hah n.m. rust (CP byiiify/ mor'^ah
y&y kkana (or lag'na ) v.t. rust (PJ
’• m'ar'rikh n.m. (p\.. ( yjfj/mo'arrikhin)
historian annalists ( iy/mo' arrikha nah
adj. like a historian [ -
\ • t mo'ar'rakhah adv. dated [A - prec. )

i Zif ~

mau’ritf n.m. place of descent butt (of)
PJJ object (of )( , 0i^ymau'rid-e ilzmj adj
butt of accusation , object of indictment^i^y
mau’rid-e allaf adj. object or focus of favour
[A ~ jfjt]

moo’rakk adj. & n.m. foolish (person)

«*• mauroo'si adj. hereditaiv patrimonial

ancestral J U/ $„y mauroo'si as a mi N.M
hereditary tenant [A - pj ) )

0j/ mo ri N ‘ F ‘ drain drain P i P e orifice

j; mor n.m. bend . turning meander KjJ
jf mor'ns v.t. bend turn twist drive

bend . turning
bend turn

back restrain . .

^ Jymoo'rka n . m . (same a&fyry mooli' dka n.m. it)

. mauiooti adj. apt proper ; appro-
(J’jjf priate fit suitable metrical

symmatrical rythmical well-balanced
.well-adjusted k well-measured agreeable y^
\)fyshe''r mauzooti kar'na v T. versify . compose
verse) Lyij/j/mauzooti ho' tin . N.M. (of verse) be

composed be suitable £S,}yma\nzm\y‘yal H f
aptness > suitability (A-
. ,.mau'zah n.m. ’H sock ■ * kid sock jU> i
OJJ jfi , mau'ze ka gha’o miyahjane ya

‘‘"’pROV.lhe wearer best knows where

621

.rffWrtN.F. club for physical exercise
OS* mallet battledore
j kool' n-M. (dial.) principal b^tjy
0 * mol” si bays j' ' pays' rS prov. childrcfi’s
children are dear than children themselves
I mol' n.m. price ; purchase money djljS
0 ^ mol' tol n.m. haggling l de'na
pay the price purchase for a consideration
tij/mel' It ns v.i. buy on payment
invite trouble, etc.

U .(or Vf ) mauls n.m. master lord
0* God (rare) freed slave ; client jrZl>S
mau'la-bakh'sh n.m. (fig.) rod ; cane ; baton fc * \y
(ort Ip/) muuls'na n.m. title of respect for
Muslim religious scholars ; revered person
(rare) my lord if [A]

, num'lid n.m. birthplace native land
JJj (rare) nativity

t maul' sari n.f. (tree bearing) jasmine-dike
flower

.1 mo'al'lif n.m. (Jdy md'al'tifah n.f. com-
piler JJymo'al'laJah aUJ. compiled by (A~

C 1

. maulood' n.m. baby (usu.

mauloof sharlf') meeting celebrating the
Holy Prophet’s nativitv (A

i .maul'aH (ped. mau’lavi) Muslim priest ;
yy/ Muslim divine (A~ (}S][ AJ
l j moo'll n.f. radish moo’ll gs'jai kl

0* lar'h, ph. indiscriminately

mom n.m. wax ("y mom -bat' li n.f. candle

f * mom' -j s' malt n.m. cere-cloth -oil- .

cloth Jj fS. mom' -dil adj. tender-hearted l-tfiffS
((iyfjf ) man? fa gar'ya (°r mar'yam) n.f. delicate
woman db' iffy mom k\ nsk adj. fickle-

minded docile ; amenable mom' he’ ns
v.i. soften he appeased; be mollified
tf/ mo' ml aoJ. wax waxen soft like
wax jf fj/mo'ml ks’ghaz n.m. wax-paper JSjS
mo'td mo' a n.m. glass bead filled with wax ;
imitation pearl [P]

* mo’ min n.m. believer ; faithful Shiete.
OJr- Muslim weaver adj. having full faith
of/ 3/ mitr'd- 1 mo' min n.m. a Muslim having pee
feet faith in God [A ~ cl fr f i
I momiya ti.y. mummy momiys'ns adv.

v/ mummify J l*y monuyS'i n.f. medicine'
supposedly extracted from rocks or luun-ao body
and regarded as a cure for broken bones
momiya 'i nikal'n* v.i. extract *hb luiec -
drive like a Slave ) ~ A mem'iyi

^y ^ma’oo'nat n.f. provisions : daily food [A]

Hj*™' annas adj. ^feminine n.m. feminine

‘^'gender [A ~&?t}

^ ymootj N.f. rush twisted into strings or ropes

> . mooh^k moodVl . n.f. moustache(s) ;
JZff mustachis(s) J t> fags mooDehk’ ks bsl n.m.
(fig.) one very close (to) outspoken person
ij’jftjJ maro'rs ro'a to’rs ph.

bragging idler 4-Pjify mooh&hak're n.m. pl.
large moustaches U j jC/fjjSymoofi&heli ko
ta'o de’ns v.t. twirl one’s moustaches

mooh.chkeh nl dll kar ns v.t. accept defeat
moohd'na v.T. (arch.) shut ; close
Mof cover

.moohd'na v.t. shave cheat ; impose
upon c)j,y moot’ Jan n.m. (dial.) first shav-
ing of Hindu baby’s head I'Jtfi'Smooh'dl-ks'ta
adj. (dial.) accursed ; cussed
I n.m. . shoulder shoulder gusset

dHyjZjyiiymoit'dheft kt firish'U n.m. p L
shoulder-angels (deputed to record one’s actions)
. k, ',.mooh'dks, L^jymoo'rHs hm. reed stool
W^P-reed chain

J moo ms n.m. companion consoler ;
(Jj sympathetic friend '(iUsjfymoo'nis-t tonhs"\
N.m. (fig.) book Us friend in solitude) [A - J
maun' soon n.m. monsoon (E ~ A ^y ]

moofig n.m. a kind of
l-Af vetchling J^u^ymo&fig'- JHIf
pH4.ll N.F. groundnut ; peanut jmCm
(ffy moofig' tfil, (f-ijp' maHgo' dil //

n.f. vetch ball seasoned and Kt

dehydrated lS'/ moofi'giys. . adj.
dark green ~

moon'gs n.m. coral »/Z\f£ymoofi'ge ka
& * ja&'rak n.m. coral isjaud
• , rnufih, *Sry mUth n.m. (same as mML
SPf n.m. it)

mo' tan Qjfmon n.m. dough kneaded in
(J \i7 butter-oil

^ mau'hibat.s.r. wfiy maos' hi b) grant;

bestowal munificence [A]

.. j mnh'ns v.t. fascinate ; captivate
"'l* charm! allure e y moh n.f. fascination;
captivation charm; allurement & »y moh’
It' ns v.t. fascinate ; captivate charm ;
allure rf/ mo'han adj. (dial.) captivating N.M.
(dial.) Sweetheart appellation of Krishna
(ftS mo'hanl n.f. (dial.) ~ charm beauty

U

adj (dial.) fascinating, captivating

charming ; alluring

s * * mauhoom' adj. unreal imaginary
\ fancied [A - (fi )

mo'ay'yid n.m. helper one who
seconds adj. helping reinforcing
>>• rno'ay yad adj . aided strengthened

reinforced [A ~ asC\

• 0 mavti' n.m. raisin > /* move’ e-t munaq qa

n.m. seedless raisin |P]

Aj mave'thi (ped. if ly meam'M) n.m. pl.

cattle quadrupeds ( - A corr. of
"sino. J>\. ]

mah n.m. moon month s mah-parah

** n.m. beauty xjbr's mah-jabin', w ^*ymah-
tai'at, QJ s mah-liqa , S mah" -vash adj tk
n.f exquisite beauty (~A »L cont.J
^ nuh adj. chief big ; great fP]

ma’ha adj. (dial.) big; great. arrant;

egregious adv. greatly exceedingly

OjUs mahn-oot adj. arrant fool (/.Is ma'ha-
ba'li adj. (dial.) very powerful n.m. this as
Moghal emperor Akbar's title t^jts ts ma' ba-
bbit’ rat n.f. great war name of famous
Sanskrit epic t is mi ha-pap' n.m. (dial.)
great crime cardinal sin LSls mahat'ma adj. &
n.m. (dial.) pious man {J’.is mahijan n.m.
Hindu banker (dial.) big gun J"f lv maha'jani
Nr. Hindu banker's business banking £,tjts
meharaj' n.m. sovereign ; maharajah int. (as
polite form of address) my lord, sir
maharajah n.m. sovereign chief prince
& 'jUmaharaj' adkiraj' n.m & int. mighty
sovereign $ 'jls mahara'ni n.f. chief consort of
a ‘maharajah’ hr? Is ma'ha-sa'bka n.f. (dial.)
major organization of Hindus Mahasabha
Jhr?^is ma'hSsabka'i n.m. & adj. Mahasabhite
ma'ha-sher' n.m. a kind of fish ; mahseer
.. .* m maha'bat n.f. fear dread awe
[A- c*T]

meha^ir n.m. refugee immigrant

emigrant evacuee (rare) one

who abandon's something mnha’jarat n.f.

abandoning migration Bight (A~

I mohai n.f (camel’s) nose-strings

bt-mohar’ adj. unbridled ; unrestrained
intractable tWi—y*' shu’lur-t ba-mohar' n.m
way ward person intractable person
maverick '

. maha'rat n.f. skill experience
*** proficiency expertness (A - )

\ 1 j mohat'ni n.f. cacophorious chorus (as by
0^"* children memorizing' tables)

I Is mohasa n.m. pimple Ui't£-Umoha' se
** ni'kalna v.t. have pimples
1 1 , mohal' n.f. beehive , hive large kind
0™ of bee

/i _ maha'lik n.m. pl. dangers (A- sing

S(>S }

MX. moham' n.f. pl. ventures . enterprises
j important matters [A ~sinc. ^ ]

mohana n.m. mouth of river ( ~ )

^ mahi'vat n.m. elephant-drivar , mahout

> 1 , mahtivat n.f. winter rain

, mahab' n.m. place where wind Glows
k T^ / [A ‘rOfT ]

' , mak'bit n.m. place of descent birth

pi ac e (A ~ Its", J

.•* mahtab' (col. wuik-) moon moor
light iftk-^J-y l smahlab ' nt ktui kiya
ph. the moon rose at moonn^ J u
muhtabi n.f a kind of firework open
terrace brocade adj. lunar moonlike

a moh'tadi n.f. guide Jr jC^moh'ta4a adj
0"^ rightly guided (A- 1

»•* meh'tar n.m. prince (euphemism tor)

y/ sweeper adj. superior , greater li’y*
mthtara'nl n.f. sweepress [ ~P s mth+ j ’]

moh'tamxm n.m. manager superintend
r dent administrator emcee

moh'tamim{-e) bafid-o-bast' n.m. Settlement oft cer
IA

mahjoor adj. forsaken (lover)

Js* forlorn deserted J j mahjoo ri n.f

forsaken state (A - ^jfT ]

math'd (ped. mah'd) n.m. cradle
as maihd la taih’d U*yiSmath'd-t ut'ya n f
dowager-queen [A]

a . math'Ji (ped mah'di ) adj. guided n.m.
0-^* appellation of twelfth Shi’tte Imam,
awaited ‘Imam’ [a~

. j • „ mohcz'zab adj. civilized well-
• ** mannered ; well behaved cultured
polite ; civil [A ~ x~sj>s ]

* maih'r (ped. mah'r) n.m. money settled
S*' upon the wife ; dower jointure
alimony maih'r bahdk'ni v.t settle a

skill

624

dower .on wife maih'r bakh'sknn v.t. five

op a jointure maih'r-e ihar"} n.m. dower

approved by Muslim law J^y maih’r-e mis'l
N.M. dower in force in the family ; proper
dower ; customary dower Jfymaih'r-e mo'aj'jal
■41* prompt dower JCyyJ maih'r -e mo'aj'jal n.m.

ferred dower & /") t(y maih'r ks da''ta n.m.
claim for dower [A]

moh’r N.r. seal stamp gold coin ;
S* guinea C* iyf moh'r uth’na v.t. (of seal)
give good unpression sh/.y/ moh' r-bar-dar' n.m.
seal-bearer yf moh'r ba-lab' adj. silent
mum taciturn fp-^ymoh'r-e das' It n.f. signet
(t&i ) v/yt moh'r kar'na (or lags' no) v.t. seal;

put a seal (on) stamp rubber sump ^yf
moh’r -kart n.m. engraver seal-engraver
stamp- maker [P]

« meh'r n.m. sun n.f., kindness ; favour
s love; affection Jc'ly* meh'r-e ahgez' adj.

exciting love ; loveable meh'r -ban' (or

-bah) ADJ. kind considerate affectionate

friendly loving lijf dhy* meh'r- ban' ho'na
v.t. be kind ; show favour JjyS meh'r-ba'ni n.f.

kindness favour regard ; consideration
love , affection yf meh'r-gayak, \fy meh'r -
gaps’ n.f. mandrake [P]

j . maih'ra n.m. sedan-bearer ($yf maih'ri
's' n.f. Hindu maid-servant

« moh’rah n.m. vertebra (neck) joint

iA piece chessman draughtman .
counter - shell or piece of stone for polishing
paper stooge; cat’s paw jb tyfmoh’ra bat adj.
sharper; swindler; cheat ty y moh'r a-ba'ti

n.f. cheating, swindling fraud * y ?

moh'r a-e puA't n m. spinal vertebra b’J’tyf moh'rah
kar'na v.t. polish (paper) thus }{} ,y moh'ra-e
namaz' n.m. piece of kerbala clay placed under
forehead in prostration by Shi’ites [A]
moh'ri n.f. end of trousm* leg

> / moi'hakna v.i. emit sweet smell; perfume;
be fragrant <-<6 mai'hak n.f. fragrance,
weet smell maihki'la adj. fragrant
spicy aromatic \!)6t maihka'na v.t. perfume ;
fill with sweet smell

j, moh'lat n.f, respite time grace

deferment reprieve moh'lat

dent v t. give respite allow time defer
reprieve (A) >

/ mdh'lih adj. (r. or pl. moh'likah)

, . \fat»l mortal destructive
r .jinou>{^« xmS^ }

^^7 moh’.m' NT. (PL, (/V e\.

I pedition raid venture , enterprise
exploit important affair ivC— -j**' mohim’
sat kar’na v.t. overcome an obstacle
succeed in a difficult affair [A]

.) Lrf me ^ msn > o/UV mehmah (poet. idlnS meh’-
msh ) n.m. guest meh'man-kha -

nah n.m. guest-house , guest-room U If
mehman' js'na v.t. go as an invited guest
mehman'-dar n.m. host {$j!a, 1/* mehm&n'-da'n n.f.
hospitality r L'yfi ; tfl/J mehman' rakk'na (or
kar’na) v.t. keep (someone) as a guest UV

mehman'-sara''< n.f. place of sojourn
meh'mah-navaz' adj. hospitable mehm&n

nava'zi N.F. hospitality I'y (-jls* mehman hona
v.i stay as a guest J U* mehma'ni n.f. feast .
banquet hospitality i‘y Q Is* mehma'ni kar'na
v t. entertain [P]

Lff moh’mal adj. (f. Js* moh'malah )

» meaningless silly ; absurd dotless
without any diacritical mark ~la'be‘-t

moh'mal meaningless adjunct mohmalat'

n.f. pl. nonsense absurdities [A]

• y mahmooz adj hamzaeted [A - g\fT ]

jr

-f maihmez' n.f. spur ko maihmez'

yiT kar'na v.t. spur on fP]

• ^ mth'na n.m. sneer; taunt U > CYmeh'ng de’na
v.t. sneer ; taunt

meh’namat n.f. (W. dial.) hue and cry
1'i/^zsiy meh'namat mad a «a v.t

(dial.) raise a hue and cry

• • mahant n.m. presiding head of a
Hindu religious order Hindu monk [SJ
,, mohan'nad adj Hindiized (word) {A
J**

j , , mohafi'dis n.m. (pl, mohah'disin')

y Jr* engineer mathematician (A~

J

maihh'di (or ) n.f.

&& henna myrtle

seventh day of Muharram celebra-
tions A

y maihh'ga (f (f* maihh'gi)
adJ. dear, expensive: highly-
priced JU'I&V maihh'ga sa'mah n.m. inflationary
times maihhga'i n.f dean, ess

maihtga'i ailn"ahs n . m . dearness allowance

mahva n.m. a kind of tree with fruit yield-
\ y* ing liquour and seeds yielding oil

. mahoo’rat n.f. (dial.) fi auspicious
moment inaugural ceremony [S]

jyt

625

<r~

wm mhav'vis n.m. alchemist greedy
US* ify* mohav'visi n \ f .

greed

alchemy

. moha/ya adj. available provided
U* ready mohty'ya kat’r.a v.t.

supply provide IV Ivmohay'ys ho'na v.t. be
available [A]

• motib' adj. grim formidable [A ~

‘rtr *^]

matin' adj. hne or thin (texture)
(✓** feeble (voice)

. . mati'nah, mahi'nz n.m. month

■'*» monthly salary mahi'nt se ho' ns

v.i. menstruate >i^ / mahl'ne ke mahi'ne
adj. monthly adv.“ a" month,; permensum
n.m. everymonth [ - P el ]

maijn.F. liquor liquour wine

mai-iishdm', mai-paras’t, j\S£-

mai-khsr', cr^ mai-kash', mai-guszr’,

mdi-nosh' n.m. drunkard sot ; boozy
adj. wine-addict (f\2t£~maisshii' t mi, £—
nun-paras'ti, (fjljZmai-khu'ri, && mai-ka’M,
j iJLs mai-gusa'ri, cOi vm-no'sjti n.f.
drinking drinking bout ; carousal

;i k mai-kha nah , maika'dah n.m.

liquor shop tavern public house ; pub
mai'-jirosh’ n.m. _ winc-merchant
tavern-keeper ; publican {f'j/4-mai’-Jiro'shi keep-
ing a public house Oxf mai'-goofi adj. red-
dish ; auburn flushed moi-e nab' n.f.

pure wine l p l

/. mafyZ n.f. (dial.) mummy ; mom mother

•• l~ u < ’ 3

,1 . mi' yah n.m. husband master ; lord
U*; (as formal title) Mr. (as vocative)
mi’ yah ad' mi n.m. gentleman ; nice man
^.(jUmi’ysh bi'Vi n.m. man and wife ; hus-
band and wife (£ mi'yah ji n.m. elementary

teacher in mosque school jrfyLfmi'yab mit'tkoo
n.m. Poll ; parrot simpleton

miyan' n.m: sheath ; scabbord waist

U*f centre ; middle adv. between
among in the midst of ; amidst miys.ii.

bat' tab adv. ready ; prepared
talvsr' miyan' st kkth&'na v.t. * whip out or
unsheathe (one’s sword) be ready to fight
(teftar') ’miyan’ mth kat'na v.t.
sheathe (one’s sword) stop quarrelling [P]

• . ■ miyz'nah n.m. centre middle adj.

midding medium V moderate adv.

(miya'na-e) between; among ifjj ^umiys'nc.-
ra’vi n.f. moderation miya'na-qad adj. of

medium stature [P doublet of prec.J .

■ ~lLs n.f. gusset ; transverse piece

0 .• stitched between legs of pair of trousers
[~P PREC.)

v. . miya’oh n.f. cry of a cat ; mew ; miaow;
<J) j miaul [ono.]

N - M * (dial-) friehd [S]

ma y'y^ n.f. ^ eat ^ body (A - O/ |

me'lhi n.f. fenugreek jC' me' Ik i ka

L/ ** sag' n.m. this used as potherb
met n.m. mate [E]

-K» ml' tar N.M. metre suf. meter [E]

ma i*'rik, mahrikule'shan n.m.

matriculation ; matrice
1 met'nz v.t. (col.) erase eradicate
“ wipe out [~ t’C?*]

ml'ting n.f. meeting [EJ
•* ^

f>>» mi'tta adj. (f. (f*^ mi'thi) sweet
'~ r — loving (of sleep) sound mi id in-
ternal ; not visible ; not apparent n.m. sweet-
ening substance sweet lemon (,5^* mttka'
ba'ras n.m. eighteenth year of life J / mi'tka

bol n.m. sweety words tSC U^ml'tha tel n.m.
sesamum oil k^luffmYth a le'liya n.m. aconite
mi’tka tkag n.m. wheedler jjj mi'tka

dat'd n.m. mild painf</>t^ml'}fcj muhh karz'na
v.t. entertain with sweets to celebrate some joy
^^USmi'tka mi'tka adj. sweet mild
yof <J b /jJ 1 ‘r'f 'Jr? mi'tka mi'tka hap' aur

kar'va kar'va tkoo' prov. selfishly grabbing good
things to the exclusion of bad one’s ll/U^mltka
kar'na v.t. swejten tjr? l&i?nd'ika ho'na v.i. be
sweeto^i’tjC't^f^mi’tii bat (or ba'teh) n.f. (pi,.)
sweet words Jj) ml'jhi bo’ll n.f. sweet

words sweet tongue iC^Zr^mi'f&l dkWrl
n.f. snake in the grass ; foe in friendly guise
jsJ*? mi'thi 'id' n.f. Eid-ul-Fitr
ga'li n.f. curse by beloved, etc.) giving^no
offence jl if^mttyti mar n.f. contusion
mi'thi murad’ n.f. sweet wish nazat

n.f. affectionate look amorous glance
Xf'ifZ'mi 'til nlhd n.f. sound sleepjj*
ml'tie met sal o' ns mils' na v.t., make the whole
thing distasteful

r- mi’thi n.f. (nun.) kiss ; repeated kiss

626

5fc

ur

."1 r\t misaq' n.m. (pl. f 1/ mavaslqj agree-
■ - ment ; pact compact ; covenant

alliance co-operation promise ; assurance
Ply Q CV- misa'q-e salasah n.m. triple entente
if jl misa q-e mil'll n.m. national covenant

[a~ jyj]

me' jar n.m. major [E]

S"

jf* rnai'jik n.m. & adj. magic ^

. ** rnai'jik lain' tarn n.f. magic lantern [EJ
S maid k n.m. match [EJ

£

&

mieh'na v.i. shut or close (one’s eyes)

Jpg mekh N.F. peg tent-peg nail
m L'jlft £/. mekh’ Mkhar'na v.t. take out the
nail (or peg) jfmekh' thank' na v.t. nail ;
drive a nail J[r mekh'dkoo n.m. mallet [P]

,1 maidan' n.m. (PI. i/^y Jg mayadinj
& » plain ; level tract of land ground
parade ground field (of battle) ‘maidan’

v.t. yield ground make room for
maidan' mar’ no v.t. win be victorious
win the battle ( Csltj tit/cllgmaidan' met a'na (or
utarna ) v.i. enter the list come out and
fight come out in the open ( tyjLj L'iigjsid^
maidan' hath men a'nzt (or raih'na) v.i. win suffer
a reverse be defeated I'yf jS l jUs maidan'
hath.' he'na v.i. come off with flying colours
tjf (j'j^gmaidan' ho'na v.t. (of batttle)
take place "J 1^ maida'ni adj. level
of or coming from plains n.f. lamp installed in
courtyard n.m. paste from which to prepare
sweets (arch.) herald [P]

V mai'dani, '(jjCg maiti dani n.f. party of
CM; visitors to fair (dial.) party of Hindu
pilgrims going on foot

f mai'dah n.m. superfine flour ; ‘maidah’
^Tfinc powder \;f t /smai'dah kar'na v.t. grind
very fine, [PJ
j^maid adj. mad [EJ
••

hmrd adj. made adv made in (E)

d |> mai'dal n.m., iZsfrmaida' list n.m. medallist

V(E]

^Jr^mai'dam n.f. madam [EJ

,> mai'dlsan h.y. medieine Jf^mai'dlka! adj
(^Mj^medicai [EJ

*imr n.m. title used for Syeds head ;
A chief leader professional singer if/?,
mi'r-e a'tash n.m. (arch.) master-general of
ordnance^ 1^” mi'r-e akhoor' n.m. (arch.) master
of the stable mi'r-e bah'r n.m. (arch.)
admiral collector of port duty
bakh’shi n.m. (arch.)' paymaster-general
mir bfiSij'ri n.m. prototype and saint of eunuchs
(fy* mir' ji ph. from of address to a Syed
form of address to a professional singer
mi’r-e haj' n.m. leader of pilgrim party^-^y'
mi'r-e deb! n.m. village headman^ ids mi'r-e
soman' (or sa'mafi) n.m. (arch.) chief steward
chef j&ySmi’r-e shikar’ n.m. game warden ,
a huntsman mi' t-t ‘ar'z n.m. (arch.) court

official presenting people’s petitions if//* mi'r-e
jar' A n.m. pawn-like piece of stone put on corner
of carpet to keep it in place Jsti'y* mi'r-e qs'filah ,
Jfjjli/* mi'r-e ksr'van n.m. caravan-leader f'f/C
mi'r-e kalam' n.m. eloquent speaker jr^/*mi'r-t
maj'lis n.m. master of ceremonies ; emcee
chairman ; president jf^Sn&'r-t mahal'lah n.m.
headman of a ‘mohallah’ /d/gmtr' mohar'nr
N.M. head clerk mi'r-e maih'kamah n.m.
head of department ; departmental head oj’djg
mi’r-e musha'arah n.m. president of the meeting
of poets gfyf mi'r-e mat' bakh n.m. chef
mir' muriM n.m. a head clerk person in
charge of Urdu office senior language teacher
to British officers of Indian army (f/Smi’ri adj.

first (in kabaddi) chief; topmost ; unparal-
lelled n.f. leadership being a Syed
being a professional singer being a man of
means dlL-g fi£/* mi'ri ke phisad'di ph. first or
the \zsitffgs fjyS mi' rl-o faqj'ti ph. wealth apd
penury [P]

j*me'ra prov. {/.(fgme'ri) my mine

Ze£-iJ^ly*me'ra bas' &a'le to
tuj 'he kach;' (tta 'hl ' kha ja’'ooh int. I would kill
you if I could mt'ra te'ra n.m. stress on
difference of ownership 2—W tfj/f me'ra hal'va
kha'e ph. (fig.) find me dead if if r me'ra kya'
ga'ya ph. how db I stand to lose XtS/C

/fsme'ri an’khoh se dt'kho int. see it with my eyes
tf/Sj'me'rl bit'll our mij'hi se
miya"ah PH. ray man challenging me ' hj jt%e'(fyg
^■J/me'ri paizat' (orjoo'ti) se ph. I care a
hang for it who cares

joo'li me' re hi sir' ph. (iron.) so that is the return
for my favour mere PM ' ki

lam'bi latn’bi ban' hen PH. every mother praises her
own child ^dgjftfftpa^gtne’re mut'ia tt fil'd dl

€28

C

M .jfmaima'naf n.f. good fortune (> 'J
L ^** qudoom~t mai' manat luzoom' n.m. propitious
arrival {A* c^’i

• /Smai'manah N m. right wing of the army
A~ </“)

.jtmaimaori adj. lucky , fortunate ; auspi*
V*— cious ; propitious [A ~ ^ ]
ijyft matmoon ' n.m. monkey baboon [P]

a maid PROv. I egotism b (f. jfrjtfjZ
(JZdb&T/f&fmai*' bhi ra'nl too' bki ra’nl kaun
bka'rega pant prov. this army has all generals
and no soldier (j) *fcC math ja'nooh ph. I be-
lieve I suspect khSsh'

mt'rn khuJa khusti' prov. it is (or will be) a real
pleasure to me (• l/j^/jtmaih ’ kaun' too' kaun'
prov. as soon the interest is served, we become
strangers to each other Od l > t^maih' nama'nooh
pm. disbelieve ; despite obvious proof iSy*

« 7 -xJ ^ifjfmaih' ne kya tumka'ri ga'dkl (hur&''i
hai ph. how have I harmed you

men adv. in within inside

r j* met n.m. (usu. (jZ mft> m< *) S oat *

U* bleat (ono.)

i. mai'n i n.f starling sweet-tongued
**> child

jj.f. mound along field boundary
parapet

00 * ^

(K^mrlt'dak n.m. frog toad jiff mehd’kt
n r. female of frog or toad
mrhd'ki ko zukam' ho'na v.». assume consequential
am

yKytneh'dki n.m ram billow
•*Zmet'dht u'&lkalna v.i. (of water) be billow*
ing mi' <jki n.f (usu pl )

small plaits of hAii^'/ljlfj^mtfidhi'yah goohdk'na
v.t. make small plaits of hair
•jjprmefig'ta n.f. the dung of sheep, goats and
f* camels ; droppings
• y,mi'noo , j* minoo' n.m paradise; heaven
& mi' noo-savad' adj heavenly in ap-

pearance

m^mtk'h n.m. nml^/^meh'h ba’rasna v.j.

C rain

X^mne'jar n-m. (same ★)

&

t\jmyoatns'pal adj municipal (f^^miyootns-
i/fJ^pait'jl &t\$?.rntjoonis‘pal kanu'fl n.f.
munkipality ^J^^rniynonis'pal kamtsh'tur n.m
municipal commissioner {E]

. mc'vah n.m. fruit jbtjtfme'va-dar. adj fruit
t/U bearing ; fruitful , fructiferous
firosh' n.m. fruiterer [PJ

-^pxiovtxxxso^

; LhLi

1 noon thirty-second letter of Urdu alphabet
representing a dental (or as noo'n-t

g hun'nah purely nasal sound equivalent to Eng
lish n ) (according to jummal reckoning) 50
< rtoon'(-e) ohan'nah n.m this letter with a
U purely nasal sound
^ m pref un- ; in- , -less

*i. n& particle (used for emphasis) do (come,

1 etc.)

i. na particle no; never , in no case
" (used for stressing the negative that follows)
Vj'i/'l' nona' nuk'kar kar'na v t say ‘*No” ,
refuse

.. na pref un- in* , im , il tj/j It"

* na azmoo'dah adj. untried unproved
jtftj/j I V na-azmoo'dah-kar' adj. raw, green
inexperienced na-ashna' adj. un-
known unfamiliar ; unacquainted n.m. stran*

ger na-asj>na’'t n.f. unfamiliarity #J?l*

na-agah' adj. unaware adv in the dark un-
awares j^yAli'na-amezgar' adj. unsocial ($&'<■'
na-ittifa'ql n.f disagreement ; discord
na-iltif&'ii n.f indifference (fj^tL'na-Ummi'di
(arch ni-ume'di) n f hopelessness . despondency
jZ+ll'na-ahdtsJt' suf. careless (of) , thoughtless
{of) J&tL'na-atde'shl suf, carelessless {ofjdtuilL'
na-insa f adj. unjust J oJit^na-insafl n.f* in-
justice na-aih'l adj. unefficient un-

deserving na-aih’h, C^fiCna-aihliy'jai nt
efficiency not being a deserving case £ i p
na-Aa’hgh adj not yet of age n.m minor
J* L f na-ba'il^H n.f minority , nonage
j\£l‘ na-ba-kar 1 adj. wicked (rare) good
for-nothing (jA^Vna-ba-ka'rl n.f. wickedness

worthlessness Jr, 1‘ na-ba'lad adj. jgnorant
^of) , unaware (of) n.m. novice aJS .. a-bood
adj. non-existence annihilated V/a^uC^)
( nes't-o -) na-bood’ kar'na v t annihilate l>,t‘
na-bi'na adj. blind Jlvna-pak' adj. polluted
unclean defiled ' dirty fi.Vna-pa'kt N.r.
uiicieanliness defilement lewdness
swint j'/tl’na-^a'War’ adj. frail durable
passing ; transitory , transient unstable ;

inconstant# jl/lVna-px'' e-da’ rt y r. frailty
not being durable transitoriness instability;
inconstancy >> L’na-padid’ adj. invisible
vanished evanescent unavailable ^ 1'
na-pasafid' n.f. dislike disapproval adj.

disliked rejected ji-^l’jv^pasatid' na-pasahd'
n.f. likes and dislike (of) oj.X—^na-pasahdi dak
adj. disliked ; disapproved unwholesome
offensive rejected t ‘ na pasahdi dagi

n.f. dislike ; disapproval being offensive

l’ ns-paid' adj. extinct non-existent

unavilable ; invisible v/xtUna -paid' kar'na v.t.

cause to vanish remove from the scene

Uj js.l' ad-paid' ho'na v.t. vanish be re-
moved from the scene j\pf na-pai’ da-kanar
adj. boundless ; unbounded expansive
jf'J' l’ na-tef riba-kar' adj. re w ; inexperienced
(f jtf'fJ? V na-tajri'ba-k&'H n.f. inexperienced
Jfl/);n8-tarash’,>j}l/l'na-larashi'dah adj. _ not
smoothed unpolished ; uncultured
kuh'da-e na-tcrash’ n.m. uncultured person
lJ» LiS** yl'na-tar'bijat-jaf ’ lah adj. untrained
raw uncultured \^XyL'na-tarbiyal-j>a f- |
tagt n.f. lack of training lack ol culture
tZ/’V na- tar's adj. fearless merciless suf.
unfearing (f'sV na-tar‘si n.f. being unfearing
r* {/ na-tamam’ adj. complete imperfect
deficient jUl'na-tama'mi n.f. incomplete-
ness imperfection deficiency (j/yb'na-lo'afi

(col. na -/avail') ad]. weak_ powerless
infirm feeble frail 'jljl'na-to’ani (col.
na-tava'm) weakness powerlessness infir-
mity frailty yifl'na-ja'U adj. .unlawful

contraband " not permissible na-jins

ad). heterogeneous strange ignoble jUL'
na-Aar' adv, perforce ; of necessity adj.
helpless constrained disabled cripple
{$j UL’nS-fkari n.f. helplessness constraint
disability being crippled JW'na-rfa'fi n.f
discord strained relations na-ch'tz
adj. worthless ; good-for-nothing insigni-
ficant trifling ' of no account ; of no conse-
quence ygVi. A b afida-e na-&iz’ n.m. (this)
worthless slave na-haq adv unjustly
falsely in vain (J“j Ij^i'na-khuda-lar's dTjCljj
khiida ‘ no-tar's adj. ungodly ; hard-heartedly
na- kha'laf adj. undutiful (son)

degenerate (progeny) na-khpt dah adj.

illiterate uninvited (guest) na-khati-

dagi n.f dhteracy^r^fna-k/ju^' ,adj dis-
pleased . unhappy indisposed jfyL'na-khu'sht
s f. displeasure ; unhappiness Indisposi- j

iion jt^y-Cna-khush-guvar' adj. unpleasant

undesirable J'jij^'/tna-khish'-gava'ri n.f.
unpleasantness disagreeableness jijl' na-dar
adj. floor ; indigent pauper insolven
na-da ri n.f. poverty; indigence
pauperism insolvency <£--/, lj 1‘

na-da ri sab st ba’rd gunah ' hat prov. poverty is a
great sin ^ijl'na-dan' adj. ignorant foolish
innocent n.m. fool child (}<jt,‘nu-da'ni

N.F.. ignorance folly innocence

IkfffjCbAna-dan' dos't st dam' dish' man bha'la
prov. a wise foe is better than a foolish friend
C ki dos'li jl ka zqyah'
prov, even the friendship of a fool (or child) is
dangerous Zm^ubnd-danis'toh adv. unknowingly ;
unwittingly ; inadvertantly na-danista'gi

n.f. inadvertance i^/A'na-dirus'l adj. in-
correct wrong J~£i’na-durBs'tl n.f. in-
correctness wrongness (,* na-dthiti' dah

adj. close-fisted n.m. bad pay-master ffjufj^na -
dehilt' dagi (col. tfxfjU na-dthift'di) N.F. non-pay-
ment e jLj\pna-di'dah adj. unseen '^XjfPna-didani
adj. too pitiable a sight ^jl'na-rast' adj.
'crooked not straightforward dishonest
unfair (f~~p\,'na-ras'ti n.f. crookedness dis-
honestly unfairness ^jVna-raz' adj. dis-
pleased offended angry ; rage^b'na-ras'.
eXfOVna-rasi' dah adj. unripe immature

I (fig.) young IsjlPna-rasa' adj. incapable of reach-
ing ; falling short (of) l' na-rasa’t n.f
incapacity falling short (of) ; shortfall
na-rus'lah adj. unblossomed immature IjjV

na-rava' adj. unlawful not permissible in-
admissible prohibited (of money) not current
'na-zeb', (sjl'na-zeba adj. unsuitable

unseemly unbecoming ungainly; uglyJUl*
na-saz'-x nj. indisposed ; out of sorts tfjL'l'na-s&'ii
n.f indisposition gftfjlsi'na- sa'zi-t lab"' N.F. in-
disposition jjfjLsL'na-saz-gar' adj. unfavour-
able unfortunate (fjlftlsV na-SaZ-g&' ri y.f.

unfavourable nature (of circumstancesji/uf
na-sipas’ adj- unthankful ; ungrateful
na-stpa'si n.f thanklessness; ingratitude
na-saza'-var' adj. improper undeserving ;

unworthy unmerited indecent silly.St'T
na-siftah adj. unbored unstrung Ina-
sa'ma'jk adj. silly ; foolish dull ; unintelli-
gent raw ; inexperienced n.f
folly dullness ; unintelligence inexperi-
ence ignorance^lx l - na-shad' adj. unhappy
cheerless unlucky ; unfortunate nir

sha'n'/ah adj. uncultured unmannerly ; ill-
mannered ; indecorous unbecoming

630

improper indecent l' *a-jfta’’ufagi n f

being uncultured unmannerltneM im-
propriety indecency tJ-J'Tna-jftfiVan: adj.
impossible ill-fated . unfortunate worth-
leu ; good-for-nothing l / &'t‘na-shuk'ra adj. St
n.m thankless ; ungrateful ; {JJ&'l'na-shak’ri n.f.
thanklessness „ ungratefulness ; ingratitude
na-shakeb’, l^ljia-sbake'ba adJ- restless
impatient ^uf'l"na-shakeba"l n.f. impatience
restlessness (fisCna-shinas' svr. unrecogniz-
ing ; ignorant {of) y^i’na-shinau' adj. inattentive
refusing to listen OLeCna-saf' adj. unclean ; im-
pure ^lyflna-savab" adJ- wrong ; incorrect jffV
na-saboot' adj, impatient restless (SjyfVna-
saboo' i\ n.f. impatience restlessness
na-ta'qat adj. weak ; feeble frail infirm
IftyVna-ttf qafi n.f. weakness feebleness

frailty infirmity JP^USsfitCna-'aqibat-ahdesh' ,
gJlV&f** s'qibat ra m andesh’ adj. shortsighted
J^>liSZ^{fl'na~ , s'qibat ahdt'shi n.f. short-
sightedness recklessness indiscretion flf/^
na-farjam' adj. that comes to grief that has
<n evil endtfLfiVna-faman' adj. disobedient
na-Jarma'ni N.F. disobedience na-faih'm adj.
dull ; stupid ft L'na-faih'mi n.f. dullness
stupidity Jr\fl'na-qabit adj- inefficient
incapable unqualified unfit unworthy
junable (to) affix, un — able ; im — ible Jf. \tC
jP^na-qa' btl-t iste'mal’ adj. unserviceable J; £ p
fjffna-qa' bil-e is l ah' adj. incorrigible
irr retainable jlyt ! J.tjC na-qa' bil-e e'tibar' adj.
ur.tiustworthy ; undependable ; unreliable Jf-ifl’
()&!na-qa’bil-e intiqal' adj. inalienable'j^ct(>l>‘na-
qa'hil-e bai-dash't adj. intolerable unbearableJ'Of
>V na-qabil-e tardid’ adj. incontrovertible: irre-
futable unassailable ^na-qabil-e tarmim

adj. unamendedabie immutable
na-qabil-e t as this’ adj. unconquerable impregn-
able indomitable ‘Jiytf.ls l' na-qabil-e tala' ft
adj. irremediable irretrievable
na-qa'bil-t \smal' adj. impracticable ; not work-
able ft J.iS't na-qabil-e faih'm adj. unintelligible
J ft tfjSV na-qa'bil-e qabool au/. unacceptable
inadmissible t» I'na-qa'bil-t kash't adj.
uncuUurable . uncultivable af.l/h’na-qabiliy'yal
N.f. inefficiency incapability inability
lack of qualification unworthiness
pow crlessness^ L’na-qad'ra adj. unappreciate
ungrate ful </" i ... f’jSVna-qad'r-sbinasf\^^ J jS
qad'r na-shinis adj. unable or uuwilling to
recognize someone’s merit not giving the devil
bis due^jSHna-qad'ri n.f. disgrace (f'l&jiV

na-qad'r shina'st, qad'r na-shmisi n r

non-recongnition or merit low estimation
ba-ka'tah adj. useless worthless un-
serviceable otiose f'd'l'na-kam' adj. failed
unsuccessful disappointed ijK'Vna-ks'mi n.f
failure; disappointment tjf'b-na-katkhUda' k&Jl
na-kadkhuda' adj. virgin unmarried
spinster. ^ifp'i‘na-katkhada'’l. ^ijAjfl'na-kad-

khuda”i n.f. virginity unmarried State
spinsterhood fi'na-kar'dan adj. not worth
doing too bad to be done t*/i‘ na-kar'dali adj.
not vet done ; uncommitted jfejj'C na-kar'da-
kar' adj. inexperienced unknowing
na-kar’da-gurtah' adj. innocent . adv. faultlessly
jSvna-kas’ adj. worthless ; mean n.m mere .
nobody <j*/1 ka f ' ka s-o na -kas n.m. high

and low ; everyone irrespective of his status
na-kasl n.f. worthlessness Ji’na-gah.
OlJ'b'na-gahafi' adv, suddenly all of a sudden
unexpected accidental Sftna-gugir' adj
inevitable indispensable ty&Oia-g' f'hini ad|.

deplorable ; too bad to be described Zifl'na-
g'J’lah adj. unsaid untold * JZafi' na-gu f 'la beh
adj better left unsaid jlJVna-gHoar' , ijljb'na-
guva'ra adj. unpalatable unpleasant

awkward (question) offensive (b‘j^
na-gltva'ra gu'zarna (or ho'na’i v.i. be offensive ,
be unpalatable tfjl/l'narguva'rl ^ n.f being

unpalatable being offensive (JiH'tta-la' 'iq adj
inefficient „ incapable unqualified

unintelligent f l}l/na-la"iql n.f inefficiency
incapabilitv stupidity lack of qualifica-
tion j-yU'na-manooi' adj. unfamiliar (words
etc.) JjUt,'na-muba'rak adj inauspicious ffl'
na-nxah’ram (col -ma\h‘-) n.m. & adj. (one)
other than a close relative one from whom a
Muslim woman has to observe purdah jyl’na-
murad’ adj. chagrined , disappointed un-
lucky , unfortunate (fjfina-mura'di n.f
chagrin , disappointment ill-luck ; misfor-
tune ^yyl'na-marboot' adj. unconnected

dispointed ungrammatical construction, etc.)
yl'na-mar'd adj. impotent coward ; un-

manly n.m. impotent person coward fj/l'
£ 3 na-mar'd kar' de'na v.t emasculate (fjyl'na-
mar'di n.f. impotency unmaniineis; cowar
dice ytlsl’ na-m isa' l i<L adj. unfavourable (cir-
cumstances etc.) Ing-m&sbak'khet adj . un-
defined. unclassified kha'r-e nZlmushakk-

khas n.m. (fig.) arrant fool ^jf^L'na-masbW
adj. unlawful inadmissible bad^g^t'

na-miia'biq adj. inconsistent (with) £^1*

'V

631

.•a - mat boo" adj diasagreeable unpleasant
contrary 10 nature/f**'*!.' na-mo’’ taoar adj. un-
reliable undependable j untrustworthy
tti-ma'qool' adj unreasonable improper
indecent absurd silly (rare) irrational
ma‘ qooliy' yat n.f silliness { J^lna-
ma'lnom' adj. unknown f lkl'na-mula"im adj.

rough harsh or uncivil (words, etc ) { ^\!
rid-mun<'kin adJ & imt impossible (.✓oi"
ti ( i-mana fib adj improper unbecoming
indecorous jjH^L'na-maneooi adj. & adv
rejected refused turned down disallowed
disapproved inadmissibility

na-mo'ajiq adj adverse (op*mon, circum-
stances, etc ) disagreeable or unwholesome

(food, etc ) unsuited unsuitable un-
congenial .ii’i/l'na-mo'a/aijtfi n.f. disagree-
ment unsuitability unwholesomeness jfy s'

na-mauc.ooH' adj. unsuitable unmetrical^iy t
na-meh'rbal I adj unkind , unsympathetic
na-muyaSuin n f. poverty ; peunry i—^l'
id- va jib adj improper va'qif adj.
ignorant unacquainted ; unaware inexperi-
enced; unskilled , unknowing n.m stranger^uf
vd-va qifi,£j*%)ind-vaqiji/yat n.f ignorance
unawareness inexperience being a stranger
CSjVnd-vaq't adv. out of time , at the wrong
hour adj unseasonable jlj^k'na-hamvat adj
uneven irregular (rare) uncouth tfjlfti'

na-hamva ri nf unevenness (rare) lack Of
manners j\f ^ l na-hahjir adj mean worth-
less , good-for-nothing wicked n.m. rogue ,
rascal na-yab'^ adj unprocurable

rare scarce na-yaf't n f unprocur-

ability [PI

nab adj pure unadulterated
clear [P]

_ n.m (pl £lj nov&'Hff!)

genius (A]

j . i* nap'na v.T measure %1'2-jras'tah nap'na
» v.i. walk without any purpose walk just
for the fun of it IJfly iff gar' dan nap'na v.t take
someone by the scruff of the neck ‘r'C nap n.m
measure, measurement (Jj^Vnap' tol n.m. weigh-
ing and measuring

t **i. na'ta n.m. relationship ties ; relations

* Vjj ft na'ta tor' no v.t sever relations

(with) sever ties (with) iff; ft na'ta jor'na
V.t forth an alliance (with) establish
relations (with) -describe something as related
(to)

••i, nalk (h.) n.m. nose-stnng (for) draught
oxen (dial ) husband &l'nath'na vt

na’bighak

bring

pass a string in animal’s nose-ring
(someone) under control

**» L* ni « tt N M ‘ K 13 "^ 500 ' *°nof one's daughter
0 " (J l>‘ no' tin n f grand-daughter, daughter
of one’s daughter

na'ta adj. (f. J t‘ na'ti) short , dwarfish

na'tak n.m. (arch.) drama , play
WOv dramatic performance na’utkya
(rare) actor

?,• na'ji adj. & n.m (one) delivered of sins
W (A -

r* ( • nacjx'na v.t dance & f nadj n.m. dance
ball ballet (C/\j ClSjQ,L nacb dtkha'na
(or kar'na) v.i. dance frVna&'-raiig n.m
dance and musicA_af g,l nadl'-gkar n.m. danc-
ing hall ball room Clf &Vnadt' na&a'na v.t
cause to dance Ltj'& tVjJ'tig'ni ka na& na&a'na
v t make (someone) dance to the tune (of)
k&'c / r k-J?>&l>'na(h na ja'ne afigan fe'rka prov
a bad workman fights with his toots
l-f naf/t'ne la'gi to gkut'ghat kat'sa prov. straw
at the guat after swallowing the camel

i. na'hiyah n m. (pl. i j nova' ffi ) vicinity

* bourne [AJ

. . i. nakhuda' n.m seaman , sailor , captain
W* * skipper [P]

r,. na'khun, {rare nakfwon') n m nai

.tfJ’.tfb na' khun-bak'di n f (dial ) service
nakh^n-e tadbir n.m. (fig.) device

ttrifpm/ i hx'A L ti. .. !» _t! .

t*

khui
(of

separation) occur between near and dear ones
yJ^f’Cna’khttn-e shamsHr' n.m. (fig.) edge of
a sword tZ-J^tyl'na'kbun shamshit se ph. with
the help of the sword , by dint of force £>f^C
na'kh^n gar'na v.i. have control (of) b'/fifb
na k&ttn garo tis v.t dig one’s nails (into)
rta'khun gtr n.m nail-clipper , nail- parer
iU tfi'na'hhun U'na v.t. pare the nails
(of horse) trip ; stumble [P]

, « . na'khunah n.m. plectrum , guitar quill
haw or web (in the eye) [prcc. )
nakhoon' n.m. (same as JTi' m m. *)

na'dtr adj. (p. na’dtrah pl

nav ? d,T ] cunous wonderful

jVj'jjftJVJJb na dtr-e (or na'dtra-t) at M U

wonder of the world n *‘ dit-sha'kX n s

tyrannical rule adj. tyrannical ~ ategorica ,
of Nad ii Shah, the 18th century conqueror of
India and Persia l na'dira-kar adj. & - n . m .

(one) working wonder (fjjVna'dirl n .f. (at
cards) acc or picture-card ADJ. of Nadir Shah
tyrannical categorical f&tfsjl'na'dirl

huk'm n.m, tyrannical or categorical order

(A — C sjSi )

if , tia'd-e 'all' n.f. opening words of a

(J well-known prayer stone amulet on
which it is carved [A invoke God]

> >• ns' dim adj, sorry regretful asham-
I ^ ed repenting ; penitent I'j'fjL' na dim
kar'na v.t, put to shame V^^^^C^ap'ne ki'ye
pat na'dimho'na ph. be sorry for onc’s'doings

y-T* yoke (ox, etc.)

. na'diya n.m. ox (or f, cow) with extra
limb, horn, etc. taken round by Brahmins
for begging alms

* .. nar n.f. fire hell tfji'na'ri adj
J* fiery cursed ; condemned be lash

f nar, (JjV na’ri n.f. (dial.) woman $j\iJ
Jv nar' na'ri n.m. pl. man and woman [S}

< nara‘'in n.m. (H. dial.) (God ar) the
4Jr i/l Eternal

natjlV n.m. cocoanut [A-Uc/A]

C/rH’ / . .

# nar’ mat adj. normal nar" mat sakod

(Jjv N.W. normal school

> .. Karat) n.m orange (f.j V varaft’jl adj.
Q/ d ' orange-coloured ; orange

^ ^ tarai’jgl n.f. tangerine

g I* na'ri adj. (sec under jt' n.f. see under

N-F. *)

L j. na'riyal n.m. cocoanut cocoanut-
yJ* tree small hookah made of cocoanut
ipYj'jV na'riyal ka tel' n.m. cocoanut-oil
£ nd’ra n.m. trouser-string t>>U^Cna'r<"j
|jv kakd&'m V.T. tie the trouser-string CJjoT |
aa'rfl ktoTna V.T, untie the trouser-string

• sac N.M. coquetry blandishment
V* dalliance ; amorous playfulness whims
and apncrxtl£?}J L'&ljVnaz Btfca'na (or kkrttch'-
ng) v.t. bear with (someone’s) whims and
cvprietM AIj yjCnairbar-da’rl n.f. praising the
coquetry ways (of) ttJ&iiifJ I'naz-bar-da'ri kar'na
v.t. bear with the gjjj/jiJnaz-partiar'dak adj.
tenderly nurtured * spoil (child) t* naz'
kar'na v.t. take airs ; be full of pride tfjl naz'
naU'rok n.m. coquetry ; blandishment ; dalliance
jU> jji'na'z-o-nayaz' n.m. pl. coquetry and
gallantry - loving couple’s mutual relations .

na'z-o-nt' mot n m. worldly.. comforts

Q L£mS'jJt,'na'z-o-iu‘'mat men pat'na,jb'jjst
Jakh'r-o-naz' nm. pride cenceit VSjl'j/t/-
far Jaj&'r-o-naz' kar'na v.t be proud (of) take
pride (in) v.t. be born with a silver spoon m
the mouth be bred in j (J t* na'zafi adj.
proud (of) conceited [P] "

{J*j t* ” a ' 1 — N,F ' P r ' c ' e conceit (P]

JX naz bo n.m. wild rue ; basil [P]

• •

J 'C . . na'zuk adj. delicate tender
J v elegant ; graceful slim nice
sensative subtle critical dangerous
fragile fiyt JjL'na'zSk-altdam' tfj. J'jCd'zM-
brt'dan adj. delicate n.m. sweet-heart
nh' zitk-khnyzJ' adj. fanciful; imaginative Ju\fX"
rtii'zuk-khaya'li n.f imagination ; fancy
subtlety of expression £, tj <S)V na' zuk-dimafh’
ad j^ touchy; testy J,ljJ'j\ZnaZ‘*k zoma'nah.

nn'zak vaq t n.m. critical moment
dangerous times na'zuk mizaj' adj

touchy; testy mo’a'malah n.m

delicate matter (f-ji' na'znki n.f. delicacy
tenderness [P]

t,..r.a'zU adj. descended alighting
U-d » dismounting coming down arriving
at arriving unexpected revealed (scrip-

.tures) I'j'lJjL" nn'zil ho'na v.t. descend
alight dismount come down arrive at
unexpectedly be revealed I'f J)V na'zil kar'na
v.t. reveal (scriptures) JjV tia'zilah n.m. (lit.)
calamity adj. descended revealed (A~

JyJ 1

a*, .naz'rtln n.f. delicate person belle
C Cd • sweetheart adj delicate

lovely [P]

</V n as n.m. (rare) people [A)

y oat- n.f. snuff ki tft&t'ki n.f

a pinch of snuff Ot.tX knas It na v.t.
take snuff sniff (something)
r . * nas n.m. ruin destruction C'j/jr’Vnai
V i karde'na v.t. spoil ruin . destroy
ho ja'na v.t. be spoilt be

ruined go to rack and ruin tik n.m,

& adj. (dial.) atheist [S]

> , n a' slkh adj, annulling cancelling
C'' * N.m. amanuensis scribe [A ]

/ t na'sik n.m. (pl. niissak')

Avvt* worshipper ; devotee one who makes
a sacrifice [A]

V T

.* nasoot' N.M physical universe man-
land : humanity [A]

nasoor' n.m. (n "sZ'ljaavasir') running
jy' » sore ; ulcer; fistula jy> l’ naroor' bhor'na
v.i. {of ulcer) heal nasoor* par' na v.i.

become a running stare ; ulcerate [AJ
*j ^ ^ natbpa'li N.F. pear

i* nosh'lak n.m. breakfast
J-*'' t* fcar'na v.i. breakfast [~P (J? I? ]

A,,. na dir hm. (pl. y^ict'n 3 f*ir|«') publisher

[A~^J

ea'rti n.m. one setting something up

particle putting a word in accusative
case [A ~ <-+*&]

£0 1 . na'-JcA ADJ. & N.M. (PL. nUsaka')

(/ * adviser ; counsellor : monitor ; mentor

. . nasir adj. (pl. jU>i ansar') n.m. helper
ally (A- )

na'siyah n.f. (pl. uaca'ii) forc-

<T» head forelock over the head

na'siya-sa, Ufi^l'na'stya-farsa' n.m. & adj. (one)
imploring humbly ' ( i^^i'na’stya~sa' , i,Jiyy^U
na'sia-farsa''l n.f. humble lmploration [AJ

na'fi? adj. categorical (decision)

(y * rational (quality) talking (creature,
etc.) J&l'ns'tiqah n.m. faculty of speech I'JjsJ&tS
natiqah band' kar'na v.t. silence [A ~ J
tli. aa'zir n.m. beholder . spectator

/ * supervisor inspector a petty court
official reader na' ztr-e taHim' n.m.

Inspector of Schools cf-JzV nazirln' n.m. pl.
spectators ej>l' na’zirah n.f. (pl. w^Cnaeiral')
inspectress ; lady superintendent (rare) eye
reading by sight *w (reading) by sight
&e%tpVna‘zirak parX'na v.t. read (by sight)
y l 1' na' zira-tthatt n.m. one who is able to
recite the Holy Quran but is unable to under-
stand its meaning c n.m. beholders;
spectators onlookers [A J

b t oacun n.m. (pl. \£> nUzama') adminis-
f trator manager (rare) poet ; com-

poser of verse. (arch.) governor (of province,
etc ) [A ~ JP ) -
* j* »3'ghaA n.m.

xa'fftaA kar'na
work [FJ

. . « nuj n.f.. navel; umbilicus centre
w v ( 0 f) f' tal'na v. (erf navel muscle)

be displaced cC'Ol’aa’/-* zomti' n.f. centre
of the earth . (fig.) the Holy Ks'bah [FJ

close day leave (j/> l*
v.i, stay away from

.* ., na'Jiz adj, operative ; effective issued
Ji V adv. in force I'J'jSVna'fiz kar'na v.t.
issue (orders) .enforce ; give effect to : imple-
ment b'ytjil' na'Jiz ko'na v.t. (of orders, etc.)
be issued be enforced ; be put into effect ; be
implemented [A ~

\ i. n a' fir adj. fit n.m. (one) who disdains
[A~o>i>J

1 na'fe 1 adj. profitable ; beneficial

Cs * useful ; advantageous [A ~ ]

/li* na'filoh N.F. & adj. supererogatory (devo-
^ tion) [A- ]

na' Jah N.M. muskpod j^tJoVnafa-t a'hoo
£ v n.m. musk deer’s pod [P ~ <2> t* ]

* i. na'ft, J V na'Jiyah adj. negative [A ~ ]

4> l

>. na'qid adj. & n.M. (pl. tfjjl'najjidln')
v fault-finder (rare) critic"* IjS l' naqtda' nak

adj. & adv. critical fault-finding [A ~Ja> ]
Jt , .na'qis adj. defective deficient

{J t imperfect unsound „ wanting (in)
worthless finite (verb ) ^jfy^L'na’qis-vUkhil'qat
adj. deformed deiective by birth
na qis-ut~'aq'l adj. of unsound mind
deficient in understanding [A~ ]

/c na'qil n.m. narrator [A ~ )

»• naqoos' n.m- conch
(ped.) wooden gong
naqoos' baja'no v.t. strike* the
wooden gong l^'y^ l j-^}l'naqoos'
pheotik'na v.t blow the conch [AJ

na qah n.m. she- camel ; dromedary
£ * na'qa-savar' n.m. camel driver drome-
dary rider [AJ

/. nak n.f. nose caspicuous person
imJ" prominent thing honour (of) |
nak a' na v.i. feel like blowing one’s nose ( f i \ Jl'
(,♦ fi nak’ oolt&i ho'n a v.t. enjoy a resectable

status (among)* win greater honour
yOrji t/V nak' i'dhar ke nak u'dhar prov. a change
either way would make "little difference Jji'
nak' -band n-m. , nose-band (for horse) ji

nak' band ko'na v.i. have rasal passage choked
owing to cold L bkaun dt orha'na

v.t. knit the brows frown ; scowl ex-
press one’s disgust (with) Uv. Ji'nak’ baih'na
v.i. (of someone) run at the nose
nak baifi'na (or pi&akna) v.i. (of nose) flatten
fir jt'nalf bUtdk'na v.t. bore the nose /- Jt*
s P aT ra *b kar bat '

kar'na v.i. place one’s finger on one’s nose

634

while talking be effeminate ; talk like woman
l* f j - } A Jl'J n ^' P aT jnta' kar a'na
ph. (dial.) achieve success in the teeth of (some-
one) opposition C/j Jjji. Ji' nak' par raft, de'na
ph. make prompt payment Ji'Jki nsk’

par ghus'sah ho'na v.i. (someone) be irritable
C Ijl > i nak par kl mak’kh i tak na Ur s' ns
PH. be slothful U- » s&k i , ([’nak' tor nusk ’•
khi m baifk'ne dens ph. not be come under the
least obligation ijjji' nak' tor’ns v.t. smash
(someone’s) nose disfigure(l^^l I’ltfvfJi:
nak’ (harha'na (or sukor'na or suker’na) v.t."
frown (upon) express one’s disgust lt>
nak' (pa'rha adj. (p. nak'~(ta'rhi) proud

vain ; conceited dpjff’JJi'nak' dia'rhi raih'na
v.i. be surly nak’ (pane (pabva'na v.t.

torment hars&s ( \P,j

nsk' sio'ti kai'na (or kat' kar hath.', de'na) v.t.
disgrace (a woman) nak' tfio'ti

men girif'tar' raih'na v.i. be proud be ink-
able be preoccupied with own worries
J?.JV nak' &%i' j a'na v.i. (of nose! have its
bore LJ nak’ rakhl le'ns v.t. preserve

(someone’s) honour ( n °k' ra'garna
(or ghis'na) v.t. express regrets very humbly
implore deplore oneself for the purpose

l ‘J*pf nak' st laki'ren khet&na v.t.

humbly assure not to repeat a mistake JL / Jl'
nak' ka bal' n.m. person having influence over
(someone) confidant {JtJJi'nak' ka

hah'sa (or ban'sah) n.m. bridge 'of the nose
j/Jl' nak' ka bah'sa phir' ja'na v.t. be at
the point of death & y'Jl'nak' ka tin'Jta n.m.
small ornamental nail for noseU^c(ftbi^^^^
nak' kat' b choo'taron men rakh'na,

ka'ti muba'rak kan' ka' to Jala' mat
ph. be impervious to all sense of shame IZbfvJ
nsk’ {kan') kat'na v.t. disgrace or debase (some-
one) I'uJi'nak' kaxa'na v.i. be disgraced
nak’ kat'na v.i. be disgraced (in family,
etc.) rf.jrjMjJi'nak’ kl sldh' men i adv. straight
ahead jji' nak’ kt pkungl N.r. tip of the
nose iVciu nak' kt phe'rt bayan’
kar'na ph.** complicate some statement unneces-
sarily iy Jl' nak' mar'nS v.t. spurn; dislike
O I, (jZtji'nak' men bol'na v.i. snufHe l>j
d'Sk) nak' men dr' de'na (or kar'na) v.r. harass
L-rSjtfJt'nak' men dam' a’na v.t. be harassed
Jk'nak' men dam' kar'na v.t. harass
L'J (p/ijl'nak' na dl ja’na ph. stink
nak’ na raih'na v.i. lose prestige Jv nak' va'la
adj. (f. J i } Ji‘ nak'joa'H) respectable (person)

Ji

••tDi

SMm,
7>-

Ui-

k> Ji'Oji' na'kon nak bkar' de'na v.t. fill to
the brim j >JV nak'rS n.m. thick nose

nsfc 8UF - na’ki suf. -fulness [PJ

nu'kah , /V na'ka n.m. end of road
check-post there eye (of needle) (Pm jC

n&’ka-bafidi n.f. blockade ti/tfM. Ji' rts’ka-ban'di
kar'na v.t. blockade .place a picket at the
end. (of street, etc.) Olefjjl'na'kah sambhal'na
v.t. picket O&^Z-ijtJXnake men se nikal’na v.t.

bring under one’s yoke coerce make
things difficult (for); put (someone) into a corner
[doublet of Jl* J

na’keh n.m. one who marries [A-

? nag n.m. dangerous snake
<Jl cobra (regarded by

Hindus as a diety) l* na’gan
(dial, na'gin) jyb' nSg'nt n.f.
dangerous female snake
nag-pha'm n.f. a kind of cactus #

Lrf na' gor-bcl' n.f. betel-leaf creeper U iyji’

0, na'gar-mo'Aa n.m. a kind of fragrant
grass y •

nsg'ri, dev-nag'rl n.f. Hindi

script ; Devanagari
na'gal n.m. strap under yoke

na'gan, jA* nag'ni n.f. (see under Ji"

N.M. if)

j,, «s/n.f. pipe tube barrel (of gun)
Q v stalk stem (weaver’s) shuttle

pith (inside reed) navel string drencher
0 ^(^k)iwJb'«algar'na (or daj’n ha' ns) ph.
have hereditary connections (with a place)

na'/a, Jl’na'lah n.m. ravine brook
V m drain gutter

rn’lan adj. (see under JI * n.m. •*)

Aj # na'lish n.f. spit ; law-suit ; legal action ;
(ft p\aint'#tJsU J £na'lisit-* dlva'itl N.F; civil
soax.l-J'^l)) i y J Vna'liai{da' , ir) kar'na v.t. file a
suit na'/i*H N.k. plaintiff

J nal’ki n.f. open palanquin for the rich

iffi
fi-
Jr

J-

., na'loh n.m. lamentation toflak adj.

Ji lamenting complaining tlf/'Jt;

na'loh sar kar'na v.t. layment sigh ; heave
a sigh nala-t shab-glr' n.m. lementa-
tion at "night JrO f nzt la-kasfi adj. ft m.m.
lamenter nn'la-ka'M n.f. lamentation

I' jjti' na’loh kar’na v.i. lament jdy jjl’ na’la-o-
faryad, tfjljjJVna'lo-o-za'rt n.f. lamentation

635

&

dW

lamenting crying
gutter

moan Jina'lisvr

IP~ CV 1 ‘)

t i» na'li n.f drain pipe
0 vein tubulated tile

nam n.m. name appellation good

f * name ; character ; fame jjTfl'na'm-a’sar
adJ. famous ; renowned (fjjtfl/na'm'a'vari n.f.
fame ; renown Car i (l' nam' Sii’na v.i. (of some-
one’s name) be stamped well Olgl (inzrri
Zc&kal'na v.t> defame make famous

nam' U'dshal'ni v.i. be defamed *win
fame t fjfiLft’nam' ba'gi raih'na v.i. be im-
mortalized irSfVjsfil nam bad-nairi kar'na v.t.
defame L tyftyfl’nam bad-nam' ho'na v.i. be
defamed ej^fl’nam'-bUr'dah adj. above named
nam' ba'ra dar'shan d&o'tf v.i. be
famous beyond deserts l je ft nam' ba'ra ho'na

v.i. a (of person or family) have great prestige
^7 —O', f V torn' bik'ta hai PH. the name sells ft,"
nam' bik'na v.i, have a good market ; have a
name (for) Vj&ftnam' bigsr'na v.t. nickname
defame i^fCnam bi'gar’na v.i. be nicknamed
fL^ftnam' ba-nam’ adv. individually by
name (,*£ finam' ps'na v,T. win a name for one-
self ; become famous -4 (V nam' par adv. in the
name (of) parjan' de'nz v.t. be

ready to lay down one’s life for one’s prestige
V tCJ^^Vnam' par lpr’f a'na V.t.^ be defamed ;
earn a had name (for oneself) nam' par

mif’na v.t. be deep in love (with) CifjUfi nam ’
parja’na v.t. have an appellation L'jgfVnam’
pukar'na v.t. call out the name (of) i'S I juf.fi'
nam' pai'da kar'na v.t. make a name ; become
famous ifirfl'nam' jag'na v.i. (of someone’s
fame) be rehabilitated Ugfl'nsm' jap'na v.t.
repeat the name of be devoted to fS nam'-
joo adj. fame-hunter 0££jft*»am ehark'na v.t. (of
name) be entered nam ’ dtal'na v.i. have a

name (for) (,' Ip hhak' meh mil'

ja’na v.i. lose one’s reputation ij/r fl' na’m-e
fchUda' tot. good heavens ; goodness gracious
may pod. preserve him (etc.) from all harm
Vj't-sIS'fi'nam' Merab' kar'na v.t. defame ,
bring a bad name (to) jlu> t" nam'-dar adj.
famous ; renowned ; celebrated (fjljsV nam'-da'ri
n.f. fame ; renown , celebrity .^,4 /w

(or pa) nam' dkor'ra v;t blame ; accuse ' ijj f l'
•tarn dSbo’na v.t kwe one’s (etc.) reputation

.. . V nam doob’na v.t (of reputation) be lost
c£j fi/nam’ rokk’na v.t. name CoCfi/ ko nam’
rakk’na v.t. blame , accuse VjJp'jjfb'nam'
rau'shan kar'na v.t make (someone) famous

win fame O? C^ha m' rau'shan ho'na v.i

become famous I'nm’zflbari par phir'na

v 1. (of name) not to be recalled fully
nam' -tad adj. nominated (arch.) betrothed

(to) (tare) earmarked (for) fotjfb'nam' raih f
ja'na v.i. be remembered ever afterwards K/jyV
nam'-zad kar'na v.t. nominate (arch.)
betroth (rare) earmark (for) $WVnam-
za'dagl * n.f. nomination (arch.Jbetrotha!
I'/ oJj (V ram' zik'dah kar’na v.t. revive the
name (of) *s-fV namst adv. by the name (of)

be afraid (of) fyC^b^fCnam' se va'qif ho'na v.t.
know (someone) by name b'jf tfjlfji'tffrnam' ka
sik’kahja’n ho'na v.i. rule be famous tfgi'
nam ka adj. nominal adv. just in name iiajfl'
nam ’ kar ja’na v.t. leave a good name behind
L'S fl' nam kar’na v.t. aehieve fame /.fV nam' ko
adv. nominally in name only • just in name
worth the name (not) at all io^/^oj/fVnam'
ko dhob'boh laga'na v.t. & 1. defame earn
a bad name for oneself, etc.) l'& ft' nam'
taga’na v.t. blame accuse (of) fl’nam’
lag'na v.t, b? blamed be accused (of)
nam' le kar adv. In the name of nam' It

It' kar .adv. openly by name 1% fir nam le'nu
v.t invoke the name (of) name call by
name accuse falsely praise (jifi'nam'-le'ua
n.m. heir descendant follower i^fl"
nam' mit’na v.i. be forgotten for ever. Jiff
na’m-e na’mi n.m, famous name O^fUnam’
nikal'na v.t. & i. win fame hit upon name
(for child from Scriptures, etc.) V&'fl' nam'
ni'kalnav.l. become famous be notorious
become a by-word (for) (of name of culprit,

etc.) be found out jiff V nam’ -ruhad adj. so-
called * fV nam nO le'na v.t. forget all
about be disgusted with j>T nam' -oar adj.
famous ; renowned n.m. celebrity tfj/i nam' -va’ri
n.f. fame; renown; celebrity (Vna'm-th
nishan' (Or -s*aft') (col. (.)& fL'nam’ nishan') n.m.

sign trace particulars jj* j> fina’m-o~
numood' „n.m. (col. jf fi nam'-mmod') mere
show 1 -£jfl'na'm-o-mhg' n.m. honour
prestige i'Jjfl'nam ho’na v.i. win fame ; be
renowned be entrusted to t£ f na'mi adj.
famous ; celebrated illustrious well-known
Jt/jV na'mi giro ml adj. well-known [P]

f namoos' n.f.(pl. (jffjnavatnis') honour
U/i chastity female members of a family

636

A

seraglio angel rule; law yfi namoo’ s~e

ak'bar n.m. gabriel the chief law (f'/V
namoo’si n.m. (col.) disgrace [A]

.* na'mah n.m. letter record (of)
t*" na'ma-e a'mzd' n.m. record of (someone’s)
deeds na'ma-bar n.m. messenger bearer
of a note nz'rr.a-nigar' n.m. correspondent

(of periodical) ( J l'; r j J sl'na'ma-o-pajcm’(*(J^jsV
na' ma-o-paigham' n.m. correspondence ex-
charge of latters messages [PJ
(A- nz'mi adj. (see under fV n.m. -fc)

f m .. na'ml adj. vegetal J I'ff'jism-e na'mi
O * n.m. living or vegetal body
adj. organic UcftfUl'tOtniya'Q klmiy* n.f.
organic chemistry na'miyah n.f. vegetal
function ; vegetation [A ~ y ]

nan n.f. loaf of breed Jt^l’nan-Aa'’l n.m.
baker jb^Vnari-pa'o n.f. (arch.) bread
Vna'n-e javi n' n.f. barley bread (fig.)
coarse diet ^ih^ji‘nan'-khala' , i n.f. cooky e / \‘Jf (,*
nan'-hhoh n.m. seed of a plant of dill kind^i)
na'n-o-naf'qah (coL Pb^^'nan’ naf'qah) n.m. main-
tenance allowance for one’s family l"

na'n-o~namak n.m. simple food [PJ

a t na’na n.m. maternal grandfather J l’
.tiarii n.f.' maternal grandmother £
Ot^lfjy^nanl ke s’ge nanhyal’ k% baiefi prov.
complain to someone against his-, kith and kin
j/U jff/JlU U'uU^^Vnani ne

Uias'm ki’ys bu'ra ki'yS kar' ke chhor di'ya aur'
bhi bu'ra kiyz prov. silly step followed by naive
amends I’tjL taniyad' a'na prov. be remind-
ed of one’s palmy days

nah'tha adj. having no heir

*T

naiid n.f. vat trough

^ .j, natidh'na V.T. begin (embroidery, etc.)

l^iit natt'ga n.m. nude Hindu saint adj. nude
PI (doublet of ]

.• V.. nafigk’na v.t. (dial.) jump over ; take in
" a stride

* .. nak''o~ (Jjl' na’'ofi n.m. (arch.) for
7" (n.m. if) (Jij> i'nab’vab n.m. money
debt b'^O'j^kan'vafi tkuka'nZ v.t. repay debt
t* aa'pa* n.m. arrow jljSl cfoV na'vak-afidaz' ,
2* na'vdk-fi’gan n.m. archer

sagittrius; critical person ^ji^hj'jL'na'vak-afida'zi
iP'JjV na'vak-fi'gani n.f. archery harsh
criticism [P)

a

| I* na'vil n.m. novel ;

nigsr’ (or navis') n.m. novelist^^'t^^t^jjt'
na'vii-nigari (or navi' si) n.f. fiction-writer [P]
s., na -0-nosh'' n.m. carousing [P ~

Cc 7 )}* flute + 4/^ drinking]

£ n2ter' n.m. breakfast [P]

”sfi'roo n.m. (same as n.m.

.* nakid' n.m. Venus (PJ

£ na'Ai/i! adv. (dial, for \J^ ) no

s . na'’i 4 n.m. deputy ; assistant
4 -j' / v attorney vicegerent locum tenens
t‘ na” ib-Us-sallanat n.m. viceroy
na'ib manab' n.m. vicegerent [A- lx ]

,h- na 1 'Irak n.m. fire flame (of) (A ~ j{p]

na'izah n.m. penis (P)

/V/« na n ik n.m. corporal (rare) virtuoso

>A' na'ikak n.f. bawd ; mistress of

brothel

* i • va’o n.f. boat (^fj^l/'^'jb'na'o khush’ki
2 * men na’hifi (Jtal'ti prov.** one must spend to
vs in honour jV na’o ktu na v.t. row a boat
l ,' tji jl‘na”o mek khak fira'na prov. trump
up a false charge

<« na"t n.m. barber 1* na”ln nji. barber’s
0 L wife

^ _ l ”«'**> ^ ^ AFFIX. flute gulf

^ ^ nabat’ n.f. sugar-candy [PJ

♦

nib N.M. nib [E]

^ **. • nabatat’ n.f. vegetables 4$ l y nabata'li
Y AD j_ botanical C>[s\s nabaliyyal' n.f.
botany (A — sing. CsO ]
nabbaz' n.m.

^ pulse ; specialist in diagnosis shrewd

person nabba'zi N.f,

shrewdness ‘

expert at feeling the
gnosis shrev

such expertness

i» i* nibah'na, L*W nibha'na v.t. be faithful
be constant in relations (with) live

(happily, etc, with) for a long period accom-

modate *U nibah\ j[a? nibf>.z”o n.m. faith-
fulness constancy spirit of accommodation
l‘f nibalt' kar'nh v.i. be constant in

relations (with) accommodate; have an accom-
modating spirit

kibtn'ns, C& aiptz'ns, v frrimta'ffi v.t.
v K settle bring to a conclusion
ni'batnu, Iff ni'patns, ni'matnS v.i. be
settled be concluded ; be brought to a con-
clusion settle bring to a conclusion _

\ nabar'd n.f. battle war fight yv-'jc'

y* nabar’ d-^-ma N.M. warrior fighter

nabard'-gah n.f. battlefield [?]
i.^ * ni'barns v.i. be finished ; be completed
y come to an end be expended I'fzf
naber'na v.T. complete expend do ;
perform ; execute , .

Jg/J nab'z n.f. pulse
{J m nab'z dekh'na v.t. feel the
pulse (of) [f^lff^nab'zeh chkoot'tia
v.i. (of pulse) cease beating
be dying [A]

mbuv’vat n.f. (see under (f n.m. if)

nibo'li n.f. margose fruit [~ {C ]

0 •

na'bavl adj. (see under (f n.m. if)

.*. 2 nibha'na v.t. (same as UfU v.t. ir)
tlA nibha’o n.m. (same as ’n.m.) (see under
UfU v.t. if)

..JJ nibh'na v.i. be faithful be constant
live together pull together
>* no 'As n.m. prophet fi/jt nabiy'y-c karim '
V/* n.m. the Holy Prophet ^ nabiy'y-t
miir' sal n.m. .Prophet to whom scriptures are
revealed nubuv'at n.f. prophethood

prophecy na'bnvi adj. prophet; prophetical
{A~ (y news]

• .* nabiz' n.f. ‘nabiz* a non-alcoholic for-
mented beverage prepared from malt
l* nabi'rah n.m. grandson [P]

W-

|*j, naber'na v.t. (see under tJV v.i. jfr) cute

j!** 4 .

* na'pu (Ala adj. measured limited

[ W+OJ ]

p* \ ni'pat n.f. (arch.) quite

•

* >« nip&'na v.t. (same as lb* v.T. if) <-*
LLif ni'patnn V.T. & l. (same as \£? v.t. & i.
-A) (see under )

|^* nap'na v.i. be measured ( ~ l^l*]

• ■ nit' adv. always; ever tyiib£sbj*pljr£s

nit’ ku n et ktad'na nit' pi' til pfn2 prov. live
from. hand, to mouth L* cf" nit' na'yi adj. &
adv. (f. if >£/ nit ' na' ’*) ever new

T v* nipoa'in n.m. rfji nipoo'ti n.f. (dial.)
issuelcss[~ ^

^ nata'ij n.m. (pl. of jrt n.m

•rj naiA n.f. large nose ring £(,!>■'

& nalh Utsr'ns v.t. deflower j®| M
lisi/fr' nalh barha’na v.t. take \ iff
nose-ring off fjjfff naik ejioo'ri jffli

ff choo'ri natk n.f. nose-ring fm

and bangles (as symbols of happy
married (life) nalh.' rti N.f. animal’s nose-

ring small nose-ring iff nalh' y a n.f. small
nose-ring [ — iff ] “

I* 1 Zef "itksr'na v.t. (of liquid). draw or pour
vjr& (of the sediment) lyff ni'tharna v.i.
purified thus ; be drawn off ; be poured off
,.£j noth' na. n.m. nostril nath'ne

phStana (or (tarhana) ph. be angry ; be

furious

nat’thi adj. tagged ; strung together
0 enclosed n.f. (rare) tag file
thread for filing nat’thi-shWdah adj.

tagged strung together enclosed placed on
file l/jjf nat'thi kar'nze v.t. tag ; strung to-
gether enclose place on file

nati'jah n.m. (pl. £ 0 nata"ij) result
V* consequence conclusion inference;
deduction issue il nati'jah nikal'na, v.t.

deduce infer declare the result O&jf?
nati'jah ni'kalna v.i. be deduced ; be inferred
(of result (be declared)

^ * nat n.m. rope-dancer juggler name
of musical mode nat'ni n.f. juggler’s
wife female rope-dancer

j, * nat'-khat adj: naughty ; roguish n.m.
knave ^ nat -kha’ti n.f. naughti-
ness ; roguery ; roguishness
I**, nisar' adj. sacrificed nisar kar'na

v.t. be sacrificed at the altar (of) ; be
immalated (of money, etc.) throw over some-
one’s head (fig.) devote (to) I’jfjly ‘nisar' ha' rot
v.t. be sacrificed at the altar (of) (fig.) be
devoted (to) [A] .

nassar n.m. (see under poll, if)

nas'r n.f. prose $)' nas'T-<Agar > km. proae-
writer jt>‘ nassar' ».m. prose-wr i ter (A]
k nij ' n.f. of private ownership (used only

(> as) f £ nij' ka (or) ni’ji adj. oVm

personal private unofficial
- nqia'bat nj nobility ■; gentility
ADJ. & N.M. if fA]

1

638

£* [if n<y§f N F - deliverance ; salvation
* absolution ; freedom , liberation
escape [A]

najsh n.m. success [A]

(6g ) be
to be

t> najjar' n.m. (lit.) carpenter ifjVnajja'H carelessly at lei;

* nf. carpentry [A] f.jjfna&vtu avr

mt. (see under jJ. adj. if)

* • . , ... I*/ <6 nuctva'na v.T

>/> ™<ya *M n.m. Negus [A ~ Aetheopian]

naj'd n.m. Highland Arabian [A]

* .

naj's, na'jis adj. & n.m. filthy (thing or
U' person) ; . impure ; unclean (thing or

nithofna v. T. rinse, rinse out squeeze
'jy-i wring strain exact ; extort drain
the life blood (of \j£. nijior' n.m. essence •

U • person) ; . impure ; unclean (thing or
P^so") na'jis-uU'ain, adj. & n.m. in-

1 herently undean (thing or person) [A — k£»-'|/ ]

, *o^ na 'i a S n . m . site of Hazrat Ali’s tomb
•, * in Iraq * (rate) waterless mound [AJ
yfi naj'm N m. pl. afij'um, {Jr. nujoom )

( star planet ^^najm-us-sa'qib n.m. (wrong
but) popular variant of Qjfian-naj'm-us-sa'qib
n m shining star 1

f Jf nlfjeom' n m astrology n.m pl stars jjr
I nujoo'mi n m. astrologer [A - sing. / )
^nijl adj (see under £ n f if) *

^ nojib' n.m (pl. if ntjaba) person of noble

• birth adj. noble naj l' b-Ut- tar afain'

adj having noble parents [A ~

• t£. > nu'clsa kk B'cJa adj (see under {J'

v...*)

n f slope ; declevity (A~ {£ )

m'\ nagta'n a v.t. cause to dance pester ;
iff harass tV ka nach naeha'na

v t. harass' cause - (someone) to daitce to
ones trone CjL if nacha' mar'na v.t. harass
pester by demanding too much obedience
tire (someone) out t /jjf na&va'na v.t. make
(someone) dance ijina'&ba/ja n.m.- (derog.)
dancer [- \Jt caus.)

ni'ditirna v.t. (see under (Jj£v.t if)

ni&'la APj. {J, nil'll) motionless
Df inactive quiet rtf' nick' la na baith'na

v i. hot to sit quietly fidget
*,ijf n’tk'l* (dial, ni&al’la) adj (f. j£ni(h’ll,
*5 dial. ni<&al'ft) lower (storey, etc.)

kkiis ta) adj. plucked pinched (fig ) be
crest-fallen i’lj. nuchua'na v t. cause to be
plucked [ r ifj ]

ni'&afit adj. free from care uncon-
• cerned leisurely careless adv
carelessly at leisure [S~ (^]

nathva'na v t (see under i'ffv.t. if)

nuc/tva'na v.t (see under i. if)

t.kjf nitfior'na v.t. rinse, rinse out squeeze
wring strain exact ; extort drain
the life blood (of) nijior’ n.m. essence '
summary' the long and short (of)

| £ na&vay'ya n.m. (see under *a^i a' na

v.i. ★)

/ nichh-a'var adj. sacrificed at the altar
J)\0rj (of money etc.) of scattared (over
someone) a propitiatory offering Cjjjl^ntekha'var
kar'nS, v.t. sacrifice at the altair of* scatter
money, etc., thus I'jfjjlefcnadfka’var ho'na v.i
be sacrificed at the altar of be scattered
thus^

•rjjhafhkal'tar n.m. (dial.) constellation in path
/*^~of moon [S]

^Jp ^ n obafat n f (see under iSoJadj ^k)

/ nak't n m. slaughter (of camel) sacri-
fice [A]

4 naihf (ped. na'hs) adj ill-fated. 4 inauspi-
{JT cious; ominous; porten tous nahto’sai

n.f. misfortune portent ominousness
evil influence laziness [A]

LfnaA' l n r bee [A]

^ naft'l n.

/ ' naA'v n.f, syntax mode Cy* sat

nah’o n.m. 1 accidence and syntax gram-
mar adj. syntactical grammatical t$jr
nah'vt n.m expert in syntax Grammarian

[A]

’/{ nakh n.f. thread thin lacquer
& bangle [P]

, knahij adj. lean ; thin slender weak
C^ij'naba'Jat n.f leanness weak-

ness [A]

f.ynakhkhas' n.m. (arch ) slave marker
^cattle market market nakhkhas'

ekarh'na v.t. be put for sale in the market
be ill-famed (ft/ J nakhkhas' In gho'rf n.f.

pony whore Jij L /^ 1 nakhkhas’-va’ii n.f.
whore (A]

J rni-kha'lis adj. (col.) pure ; unadulterated
i/fjf [~P fcl +A t / fl ^used in exactly opposite

thread thin

lean ; thin slender

n.f leanness

lacquer

, nutk na v t.
Uj worn out

be plucked be pinched
b®* If n kka’&a (or

639

J

\JV

meaning to literal sense]

"ZnaWu&U' n.m. prey; game

ckir'-gah n.f. game preserve hunt-
ing ground [P]

I •Jtnabb'rs, naljirah n.m. coquetry
'/ blandishment disdainful airs ; affecta-
tion j 1 4—fnakh're-bsz n.m. & adj. coquetish;.
pretender ; an (person) affected (person)
tf^-nakh're-fi'ti n.f. & adj. (iron.) coquetish
woman . •

^ jky^nakhus'ilb adj. first [P]

•

Zjp'nakh'skab n. m. name of a central Asian
town h-e nakh'shab n . m . (see

ynder/lN.M. ★)

* 'nikhas'rm adj. divorced (woman)

loose (woman)

fi/nakh’l n.m. date palm dlhj nakh'l-*
(j t'man (or toor') n.m. Sinai tree where Goc

•e

God

made Himself manifest j£jffnabh'l-baitd. n.m.
gardeners market for.artificial fruits <jC-fnakh'-
listan n.m. (ped. J*' nakh'lah ) oasis ^ nakhil'
n.m. date grove [A]

•* •Snakh'wt «•*<• pride ; haughtiness ; conceit

yfnabbid’ nj i. gram [PJ

fiakhll' n.m. (see-under if N.M. *)

j* nad n.m. (rare) river stream [ ~ tfX ]

j£ nid n.f. like ; parallel [A}

I ♦ nida' n.f. call voice U'Ci^har’f-e nida'
n.m. vocative (A]

jjfjfna-da’md adv. missing ; gone (Px -f jjb]

.nadz'mat. p Ha' dam n.f. regret
(J* repentance (A)

, riud'rat n.f. rareness singularity
uniqueness J ^£>j*nud'ral-t b&ayal’ n.f.
rareness of vision unique idea [A]

^ nuda'ma n.m. (pl. of^>* n.m. *)

,ty*nado'la n.m. trough ; large earthen pan [~
•^*>Tabb.)

• nad'vah n.m. ' group ; association (also
^ V^tZijknad'vat-Ul ‘Blama) Muslim religious
scholars* association as the name of academy
founded by the Urdu writer Shibli No’maniif»‘
no dm adj. belongiif to Nadvah
,/• (or nad'di) n.f. stream ; rivulet j V tfX
dyra'di nd’o satijog' n.m. chance meeting

0 • naii'dah adj, & n.m. nadYtt;

■?, covetous (one) looking covetously ru
eatables, etc. f — P ^ ]

,* nadim' N.m. (pl. I j! nudamd)

d

( ^ companion courtier [A]
ftnidar' adj. fearless
^ locc • unrlaiiTrtP^ « m daring person

boon

daunt-

cnervated

intrepid

less ; undaunted n.m.
dare-devil [~d + J* ]
li^-Knidfial adj. & adv. weak
U ^ tired run-down

\naz'r n.f. vow offering oblation

gift ; present Ua>tZ/j.' naz'r cjiarkdna v.t.
make offerings at a shrine, etc. L’l ay jX' naz'r
dikka'na v.t. make a present to authority l sj /j.'
(I'jt'J'i) naz'r dt'na (or guzran'na) v.t. make a
present (to king) etc. t'y jX'(fki naz'r kar’na v.t.
present to C'LjJb'naz'r man'na v.i. make a vow
Ijf jX'afi (ki) naz’r ko'na v.t. be presented (to)
be a present for someone jjX'naz'r-o-niyaz
(col. j\s jjS naz'r niyaz) N.m. gifts and oblations
nazra'nah n.m. present (to superior, etc.)
(euphuism for) price (euphuism for)
bribemoney [A]

j]*nazir' n.f. one who terrorizes [A]

•4 Ar %

* nar n.m. & adj. male Jjt/ nar ma'dagi n.m.
■* cj nar-ma'dah N.m (also {Jj kjnar-mddin

male and female pair of drums forming ‘tabla’
IfjV} nar-ndri m.m. (dial.) man and woman >S
nari'nah adj. male (issue) [P]
jtiir pref. without ; lacking un- ; in- .
■* -less [S]

ffjmras' n.f. despondence adj. (dial.) (also
Utjnira'sa) despondent [S]

, • ni'ra adj. & adv. (f. (j/ ni'ri) merely
pure and simple through and through
arrant

It!/ nira'la adj. (f. J ( f r.ira'li) strange

w

odd rare incomparable
jnira'na v.t. weed J ly nira n i n.f. weeding

(tf.

jnir'bosi n.f. Zedoary

L*nir’bal adj. (dial.) weak powerless [ ~

Urs + J.i

•» •ni’rat n.f. resigns (alsotyf^r'ttj'rat-

* kdri) use of

arc

igns

jr / nir'kh n,m. rat: price Z,ymr'kh.-

baii'dis.r. (arch.) fixation of rates

price control v*t>v nir’ kJi-ndmah n.m. price-

list . . .

« • nar'kha'a n.m. windpipe nar’khara

sjy bol'na v.i. have the death-rattle

/V

640

' y nar'd n.f. draughtsman ; counter [P]

j ^ Jnar’d-lan x-M. ladder [P]

. nirdosh' adj.. (dial.) innocent ; not guilty
,/ +(/j^blame)

jptntr'dkan adj. (dial.) poor [S~ J +^3
if3f wealth]

• nar's n.f. nurse c &Jnqr'sing n.f. nur-
uS sing[E]

L/ ’nar' sal, nar'ka 1 n.m. reed ; matting-
U J rush

. nar-sirt'gha n.m. horn (used as wind instru-
ment) [ ~ s + ]

* * nar'ghah n.m. cordon crowd (suuound-
ing culprit, etc.) press \;fy) nar’ghah
kar'na v.t. throw a cordon (round) press ;
crowd (round) IV l(f£-snar’ ghr me ft a ja'na v.T.
be surrounded (by) be pressed (by) [PJ
nar'k n.m. (H. dial ) hell [S]

ncr gts n.f. narcissus^.

{J J nar'gis-e bimar' (or makhmoor')
n.f. (fig ) beloved’s eye
nar'gis-e shohla N.F. narcissus with ^
black spot (fig.) beloved’s eye tf*} nar gist
adj. like narcissus nar'gisi pula’o n.m.

cgg-p ic ‘pulaoVl/tfV nar'gisi kabab’ n.m, boiled
egg covered with cooked mince and cut length-
wise , egg-pic [P]

a • nar'm adj. soft smooth mild
j > gentle tender easy slow slack dull
(market) Jr nar'm-dil adj gentle ; kind-
hearted )jS/ nar'm-rau adj. easy going
considerate i'ff) nar'm kar'na n.f. soften
appease f/f/nar'm-gar'ni n.m. harsh words
'■'‘I, nar'm gar'm sun’na (or saih'na)

v.i. endure ; put up (with) ; brook (s nar'm
nar'm adj. quite softy t f f} nar'm ho'na v.i.
soften yield ; give in take pity be ap-
peased Cl> S narma'na v.t. soften appease

oi^i^/nar'mahaf, $ l,/ narma'i n.f. (col.)
softness (fy nar' mi n.f. softness smooth-

ness mildness gentleness ; tenderness
slackness dullness (of market) [P]
f * nar'mah, bjr nar'ma n.m. long-staple cotton

r • nar'mah n.m. (ear.) lobe j nat’ma-t
sj gosh' n.m. ear-lobe [Ft r*y ]

., • nitv&ri n.m. (f. dial.) salvation IS]

^ j niroop’ n.m. amorphism [S~ (J +

na'n n.f, kind ; tanned sheep-skin

j nari'nah adj. (see under S - a dj . ■£)
nazar' adj. thin ; lean ; gaunt weak

thin lean

j J naki'f-o-nazar' adj
weak fP]

C’j.jni'za’ n.f. dispute altercation con-
Lr'"' tention litigation point at issue [A]
^Ji.jnaza'kat n.f. delicacy blindishment
J coquetry (P ~ J^l'j
. niz'd (or tiaz'd) adj. (rare) near i—j^ynaz-
dik' adj. if [P]

//nazdik’ adj. close (to) near in the
wjjjv opinion (of); according (to) l '\fi>
ke nazdik' na ja’na v.i. not to go near (fig.)
keep away from ; fly away (from) (f/jnazdi'ki
n.f. ad; near (relation) n.m. near relation
n.f. nearness [P]

c, •jtiaz"' n.f. last breath ; last gasp
agonies of death [A]
j ,’naz'lah n.m. catarrh; rheum
rS naz'la bar l uz'v-e z^if prov. the weaker
always gets it in the neck L JJ'S naz'lah gir’ns
v.i. (of rage) be vented (on) [A~ Jj‘j]

I /nUzool'- n.m. revelation descent arri-
val sojourn state lands jDflJ^y
nuzoo'l-c ijlql' n.m. arrival (of some personage)
U/Jj>* nizbo' l-al-ma n.m. cataract hydro-
cele J/J nuzoo'l-e vadiy n.m. revelation .
divine revelation [A]

^j .yiuz'hat n.f. (rare) being away (from) [A]

. • nazhad' n.f. generation descent ;
extraction ) jl : y nazha'd-e nau' N.F. new
generation [P]

\nas k.f. sinew; a tendon; muscle

\JT (dial.), penis jbfj* nils' -dar adj. sinewy

mascular f f nas-ka'la n.m. eunuch adj.
emasculate effeminate

*fnis n.f. night (only in) nis’-din n.m.
\JT & adv.. night and day ; always
. • nisa n.f. women n/sa"l adj. female
womanish nira 'iy'yat n.f. effemi-

nacy traits of women’s character [A]

, \ nasd' n.f. (same as tJJljf’ ir'q-un-nasa'
n.f. (see under iff'ir'q n.f. if)
jna'sab y.M. lineage Geneology family

na' sab-na mah n.m. pedigree ; goneo-
logical tree 1/ na’sab-nima' n.m. (Math.)

denominator ^-^oa’sabi adj . family of
good family Zf^^^ha'sab na'sab n.m. (sec under
★)

641

j?

jnis'bat n.f.

c*>.

connection ; relation

reference comparison ratio be-
trothal adv. (col.) in. proportion (to)
comparison (with) C't'C^nU’bat ana V.I. (of
girl) have an offer of marriage ; have an offer
"C^nis’bat-e tans.’ sub’ n.F. ratio proportion
'i y fc<S^nxs’bat thai’harna v.l. be betrothed
nis'bat de'na v.t. compare (with) relate (to)
U^ii nis'bat rakk’nd v.i. be related (to) be
connected (with) VjlS^^nis'bat kar'na v.T. be-
troth l>jfc^p > nis'bnt ho' ns v.i. be betrothed

be related to ; be .connected with (finis' bait
adj. in-law^ nis'bad bha”i, bira’~

dar-i nis'bati n.m. brother-in-law [A]
f~Unas' taran n.f. dog-rose [P]

(as

nasta'liq' tT.iiJ t ' , fine ‘ round hand
usual Urdu script) ‘nastaliq’ adj.
cultured soft-spoken facile

Ms'kh n.m. cancellation abolition
W repeal ; abrogation commonest Arabic
script (A]

. ) nits' khah n.m. (pl. nu'sakh) pres-
cription copy (of hook) edition
[A doublet of pref.)

\ nas'r n.m. vulture y U Innas' r-e~ ta"ir n.m.
constellation of the Egtglc g ij^nas'r-e
vs'qe" n.m. constellation of the Lyre
/j nas'rih (or nasrin') njh. dog-
~S , rose [P] ,

mj nas'q (or na’saq ) n.m. .order
CT (rare) arrangement
naz’m -o nas'q (or nasaq') n.m. discip-
line [Aj . p .

Innas' l n.f. race ggperation l^^nas'l
U bar |a'»a v.t. breed P.nas'l-ka'M n.f.

breeding rearing . I'J' nas'l-qa'shi
kar'na v.^y-breed (£ / ' l }-^nas'l-kQ'shi n.f. geno-
cide uas'l-kU'sht kar'na V.t. guilty of

genocide linos' Ian adv. by descent
racially JU# nas'lan bi‘'da nas'lin adv.

generation after generation nos'll adj. racial
I Janas’ li imtt’jf&z' n.m. racial discrimina-
tion [A]

jf^f nam ax’ N.F. snuff \fi j

j j nit'van n.f. women if (n^nisva'ni adj;
eff aminate female C^j^nisvaniy'yat n.f.

effeminacy tiaits of women’s character

[A doublet of l^) 4 t

.i^nuran' n.m. forgetfulness ; oblivion

nas'yan mansiy’y a adv. forgotten • oblite-

rated [A]

nastm' n.f. zephyr breeze
(- nasVmre sa'har n.f. morning breeze [A]
nis'yah n.m. credit loan [A]

¥•

„ nasb"at, g&nasW-'at n.f. creation
0 nash"at~e oo'la n.f. gensis noth' -

'at~e sa’niyak, n.f. renascence ; renaissance [A]
nishss'tah n.m. starch [F]

, i*J nashaf N.f. delight L-sUlarba’b-e nashat’
n.m. & pl. gay-girls [Aj
t ij’,nilban' (or nidmti) n.m. mark sign ^
V trace Scar emblem ; betrothal ring,
etc. flag; ensign; standard & & nishan -
bar-dsr' n.m. standard-bearer nishan’ -

par’na v.i. have mark of (beeting, *etc.)
nisban'-de'hi n.f. pointing out identification
nishan' -dd hi kar’na locating v.t.
point out locate ’J & nisha'ni v.t. ^ [Pj
* lAjuisba nah n.m. . aim target
ft*** m' ska' na-baz' ifrii* nishan' chi n.m. mark-
man ; good shot tfjl v & nisha'na-bs'zi n.f.
marksmanshipL^*t^(fj ni'shunah bahdk'ns, v.t.
& i. aim (at) take aim
khats' hu'na v.t. be wide of the mark
n'sho'nah kar'na (or lags’ nd) v.t. hit the mark [PI
*} n ‘~“ ni N>F * mark sign token

0 ** book mark keepsake ; souvenir
L'W nisha'hi de' j s'n a v.t. give (something as)

a souvenir leave a mark nisha’ni ka

chkal'la n.m. souvenir r'mgMlif nisha'n n.m. -Or

I N - M - lancet CPs^nish' tor lags' na v.T,

| jr rip (body, etc.) open [Pj

^j?£ jnash’t adj. (dial.) annihilated (Sj

I Aj nash'r n.m. broadcasting ^reading (of
\f rumour) (rare) resuscitation e &Jf*na&'r-
gah n.f. broadcasting house ^l^lg^naA'r-o-
hha'‘at n.f. publication naAriyyat’ n.f.

broadcasts tjnashnyya'li adj. broadcast-
ing[AJ

~tfniriias't (dial. Hadn't) n.f. seat sit-
ting posture fitting
barkhis't n.f. company . manner ; etiquette"
clfcySnishas't-gsh n.f. .sitting room par-
lour lounge [P ~cr*~^\

Aj nash'v (rare jj^nash”) n»m. growth: vege-
tation nadt'v-o-nam a', ji> narh' '-o-nama

n.f. development (AJ

A) nSshoor' n.m. resurrection 'm-un-

JJr nishoor' N.M. Day of Resurrection [A]

642

i.\ r.asU'shah (or na' shah) n.m. intoxication

r.a's!i)'shah u'tar'na v.i. come to one’s senses
Kasha-fa nl N.M. (col.) Hquours
drugs iyj Ljjna'sha-parf kar'na V.I. be a
drunkard be a drug addict na(shYshah

chtirh'na v.i. become intoxicated ; be inebriated
i‘_/ \//^na{sh)'shah kir'kira kar'na v.t. (fig.)

upset a feast disturb (someone’s) pleasure)
I'/jj na(sh)'shah kar'na v.i. be a drunkard
be a drug-addict na(sh)' shah ha' ran ho'na

v.i. be no longer intoxicated (fig.) come
to one senses,} l na(sh)' she-baZ . N.M. drun-
kard drug-addict na(sh)'she met

(hoor' ho'na v.i . be dead drunk adj.
[r.^r^mshi'li) intoxicating toxicated

A fesheb' (col. nasheb') n.m. slope decli-

vity low land jiyrju^f^nishe'b-o-faraz'
n.m, declivity and acclivity (fig.) ups and
downs (of life) ; vicissitudes (of life) (fig.)
intricacies (of) Jf&nishe'bi adj. low-lying (land,
area, etc.) [P]

nashid' n.m- (p v.j&lanshsd') song [A]

** . •

aJ hashfla adj. (f • df^) naM'ti (see under

*)

Jit nashe'man N.M. nest (fig.) resi-

(jA** dence [P]

Ajnadiift' suf. - sitting nashi'ni suf. sitting

-j nas n.f. categorical order

y of statement, etc. "d 'Jj^has's-e qur'ani
n.f. definitive verse of the Holv Quran
categorical Quranic injunction [A]

, mssb’ n.m course syllabus cum-

* j^culum minimum taxable income (for

purposes of ‘zakat’) QLotntsa'bi adj. curricu-
lar prescribed (books, etc.) [A]
ft ^nass'ra n.m. (pl. j ^ n.m & adj. *)

a'V# N.F. (PL. OfhSi^N.F ★)

* nas'b n.m. fixation setting tip estab-

lishment ^vowel-point tabar’ accu-
sative c&sc nas' b~ut m 'ain r n.m. ideal

goal l/i^^nas'b kar'na v.t. fix ; set up , estab-
lish [A) *

•.nas'rn.r. aid ; help succour (rare)
victory [A)

llJf narri ni N;M ,( pL ifyUa>nnsa ra Christian,
i 0 /^ Nazarene nasraniy'y.at n.f Chris-

tianity [At/f-H]

^ * !,ui rat n f victory , aid Help
SuCCOV r 1 A)

& n.m. half; mid

nis’f-un^nahar' n.m. meridian midday;
noonS'buA'^mr’/ dtf'irah n.m. semicircle
ms'f-qut'r.sM. radius (of circle) C^liofnix'/a-
nis’f^^nis'fa - nis'fl n.m., adj. A adv. half
and half [A]

. ~c*4* n * s f at N F - justice ; equity [A doublet of
frec.]

- 1) nasooh' adj. honest or sincere (repenttance

^(A~^]

^J nusoos' n.f. (pl. of ^ n.f.

1 \nasib ' N.m. lot ; luck^; fate ; fortune

t ~ t *T (rare) portion nasib' zzma'na

(or lor a! no) v.T. try one’s ludditla^nasi'b-e a'da',
>-*£ af nasi'b-e dush'manah int. be it the lot
of your enemies C*J' ir **£>naslb’ bigar’na ,
nasib' ph.oot'na v.i. be unlucky .^e>

l‘\f l jnasib’ phir'na (orjag'na~ or ch<i f makna

or kkul' ja'rta) v.i. (of one’s stars) be in the
ascendent have a stroke of good fortune C J C^ a>
nasib' so na v.i. be unlucky ^ nasib' ks
likh'kka n.m.. fate ; destiny ; that which is des-
tined tVi—^'nasib’ lar'na v.i. have a stroke of
good fortune VjTi^at nasib' ho'na v.t. get,
obtain ; gam fall^to the lot (of) mu' bah,

Lf** nasib a n.m. lot ; fortune nasi'ba-vat

adj. Iycky fortunate nasi’ boh ja'la adj.

( f • nasi' boh j a' ll) unlucky ; unfortunate

Ijj nasi’ boh ko ro'nZL v.i. curse one’s fate

nasi' boh ki khoo'bi n.f. (iron.) mis-
fonune’^L^/Oj^nasi'boh ki da’ mat n.f. mis-
fortune U**gr nasi be meh adv. destined [A 1
*.^4 atnan’ftat n.f. (pl. {^) nasa^'eh) . ad-
*■’**’•• vice ; counsel precept j/sC^C^rusri’ fyu-

a moz adj. teaching good dounsel^f/tS^^Rari'-
hat-amez adj. full of counsel advice
msihai-patSr’ adj. amenable to good counsel
(l'/l)u,C^Z* fnasl ’t at de ’ ns ( OT k *'* 1 *) V T
advice counsel ; say a.word of advice admo-
nish exhortfcj^nasi'tat.garx.M. coun-
sellor mentor nasi 1 hat ho'na v.i.
learn a lesson be warned by experience (AJ
Jtnosir' n.m. helper , ally \k~S** 1

/»•

^^naZO'rat n . f . verdure freshness [A)

nazj n . m . (Ht.) ripening
& maturing ;(of some humour) na$j
adj. ripe 2Jjl$rnazi'j-ir-ra''* AD J of maTurt
judgment (A)

.^jnut'fah n.m. semen sperm iff' £ — <d >>
nSl'fa-e be-tahqiq',f^'J&>riut'fahre Aar am'
n.m. bastard (fig.) scoundrel j\f> Ij iffjtfr
Vi; nat'fih thaihar'ns (or qarsr'pans ) v.i. be
pregnant (with) [A]

& nut’q n.m. speech ; power of speech

— ynazS'rat n.f. „ supervision office of
Ul/ Djrec tora nazs'rat-e ta'lim' n.f.
Directorate of Public Instruction [A]

nazes’ rah (col. nazs'rah) n.m. sight
^'**view vista tfjl nazzs' ra-bs' a n.f.

ogling ; amorous glances I'JtjW hazzs’mh kar'ns

v.T. view enjoy looking (at) cast amo-
rous (glances at) fjUaJ nazzs’ragl N.F. ogling
viewing n.m. spectator one who casts
amorous glances [A - )

-91 Ct na Za‘fats.y. neatness; cleanliness
^■’^'"*purity fc >Ji , ADj. • -A [A]

S s', mzam' n.m. system set-up order

I ^ arrangement ^ \Sji)fsi)'nizsm-ul-auqst' n.m.
timetable nizs'm-e batlimoo'si n.m.

Ptolemaic system astronomical theory regarding
earth as the stationary centre of uni verse rttfo'
nizs r nPt ta l llm’ n.m. educational set up
nizanre sham'si n.m. solar system
nizs'm-e fisa^o'rasi n.m. Pythagorean system of
astronomy regarding the sun as the stationary
centre of the universe &s\£)rtiza! mat n.f. (arch.)
office of ‘Nazim’ ; provincial administration

[A~ /’*]

yl^J naa '' ir N-F ' ( dial< M< ) ( n - °f n.f. ★)

l It na'zar n.f. look ; glance sight ; vision
/ view care ; supervision influence

of evil eyes favour - careful thought
observation dialectics fT na’zar s' ns v.i.
be seen vfl & na’zar Utar’na v.T. counter influ-
ence of evil Clir lji> na’zar utha'ns v.T. look up
na’zar uths bar dikh’ns v.T. look up
at \£’i&lf>na’zar-t iilifat’ n.f. kind attention
v na'zar-ahdsz' adj. rejected dis-
regarded thrown out of favour na'zar-

atdsz' kar’na v.T. disregard cast off from favour

jL Jjj na'zar-baz! adj. & n.m. ogler licen-
tious (person) gallant (fjtjb>na’zar-bs'& n.f.

ogling gallantry j£vjPna'zar-ba~W-ke

adv. in view, of the fact that i/. J»> na'zar
ba&a'ta v.t. avoid the sight (of) evade
dodge * Ji l na'zar~t bad n.f. evil eye
na'zar (or na/rtti) ba'dalna v.i. with draw one’s
favour A f^ na'zar-baitd n.m. detenu fA
na'zar- bob' dl n.t. detention na'zar

bhar' bar dekh'ns v.i, look to one’s fill O*
na'zar (par) charh'ns v.i. be specially noted
(as good, bad, etc.) be taken a fancy (to )
V% Jd> na'zar par' ns v.i. come into view, be
seen na'zar phirja’ns v.i. be no longer

favoured by na'zar p ph? sains v.i. (of

something) be very sleek na'zar jhm'hams

v.i. be able to stare na'zar-e sa'ni n.f.

revision review na'zar -t sa'ni

kar'ns v.t. revise VDf Ji> na’zar jata'ns v.t.
counter influence of evil eye C*". na'zar
jam! ns v.i. be able stare ; look with fixed eyes
na'zar (or naz'rett) (purs' ns v.i.
evade; dodge look furtively VOrrfr na'zar
daurs'ns v.T. look all around look on all
four sides na'zar (parh'ns v.t. take a
fancy (to) 0 na'zar dal' na v.t. cast a look
at j Ji> na'zar rakh'ns v.t. ^ keep an eye (on)
cast a wistful eye (on) l> > iJtS-OJiflfAna zar
(or naz'roit) se giro de'ns v.t. disgrace
with draw one’s favour from , IvH;
na'zar (or naz'roit) se gir'na (or U' tarns) v.t. be

disgraced fall in the estimation (of)
na'zar si'dhi ho' ns v.t. (of someone) look with
favour upon lyf *£~Jd>na'zar se gi'zarns v.i.
be ; seen have been read na'zar -fareb'

adj. attractive ; charming*; enamouring
enticing (rare) unreal &'})•> rut' zar -fare' bt
n.f. charm attraction unreality \;fji>
na'zar kar'ns v.t. look at jf'jp) na'zar-gi'zar n.f
( col.) influence of evil eye Ji> na'zar-

gi'zar ho' ns v.i. come under such influence .tfji)
na'zar-gu'zar kl ^iiz Id ns V.i. take the
little given away to counter influence of evil
eye C*J na'zar lar'ns v.i. come across
exchange amorous glances (with) be pitted
(against) i£> Ja> na’zar lags'ns v.t. cast a
malignant look (upon) regard (someone)
with evil intent ( If na'zar lag'ns (or

khs' ja’ns) v.i. (of someone) come under in-
fluence of evil eye (of) come to harm thus
) find zar (or naz'reh) mils' ns V.T
meet the gaze (of) look (at) f I na’zar
meh arts v.i. be seen come under Jthe in-
fluence of an evil eye ± na! zar

(or naz'roit) meh phir'ns, t of tjt/ na'zar melt
jajt'ns (or khub'ns ) v.i. be liked ; look lovely
L'j'jlJ if f£ rta'zar melt khsr ho' ns v.i be an
eye-sore be disliked (by) bt not to one s
ipind cfj na’zar men rnkk’ns v.t. keep
in sight keep in view keep under control
Cl/dZ na’zar (or na'zroh) men soma' ns

644

adj. loathsome ; abominable causing ill

will (Cu^jl'j&pnqf'rat kar'na (or Hts'nz) v.t.
dislike ; detest l naf rat ho' an v.t. de-
tested disgusted

•\nafrin' (or -i*') (ped. nifrin’ or -»') n.F.
'~‘y* reproach , opprobrium naf ’tin

kar’na v.t. reproach curse
Jafna’fas n.m. . (PL.t/CJianfas’) breatli
W gasp (pl .fj-^ian'/Us) moment
J*f?j l nafas-e va-pasin (or bzz'-pasih) pit. last
gaspjA]

Jj naf’s n.m. (pl. jj* mfoos’) mind ;
Ls psyche soul self person body ;

flesh ; carnal life ; sensual appetites concupi-
scence (col.) penis substance; essence (of)
hafs-Bl-am 'r n.m. the fact of the matter j
>jLj ^naf's-t amnia' rah n.m. one’s baser self,

inordinate appetites; evil genius
na.J's-e bati’Myfy}>)£>g ( j i> naf's-paras't (or par'ear )
axij. selfish sensual voluptuous n.m.

sensualist selfish person^
naf {-paras' ti (or par'vari) n.f. sejfishness*
sensuality voluptuousness naf's-ku'sjyt

n.f. self-denial ; mortification sclfabnegation .
SlJ nafs-e lam'mah n.m. conscience ; one’s
accusing self I'jl \f* nqf’s mar’na v.t. mortify
the sensual appetites; restrain one’s passions n,m.
self-denial ; mortification ^Jb^naf’s-t mat'lab
n.m. point of issue long and short of the
matter naf’s-e mutma’in'nah n.m. one’s

satisfied self ; joul naf's-e mul'himah n.m.

oiie’s inspiring self ; intellect naf's-e

na'tiqah n.m. one’s rational .self ; reason
mouth piece ; spokesman naf'sn-naf'st

(p cd. (/^tf-^naf'si-naf'si) adv . each for himself
(jtf* <jr**&a-naf's-f naf is' adj. euphuism for)
by himself (etc.) jjijJJnafsa'rn Anv. sensual
carnal C^tjAnafsaniyyat' n.f. sensuality;
carnality. voluptuousness luxury selfish-
ness iff* naf si adj. (rare) psychic ph. myself
Cj nafsiy'yzt n.f. psychology (jt-^nafsiyya'ti
adj. psychologica l nUfoo's-e qudsiy'yah

(or^si’yah) n.m. pl. prophets and angels (A)
naf' 1 n.m. profits gain advantage ;
W benefit C&igi nafuthana v.t. a profit
profit (by) jL'sg’naf'-rasaii, ttfg’naf”-
bobil'sp adj. profitable gainful advanta-
geous ; beneficial (J^^^tX^naff mb do
joo'tiyah ph. foolish bargain (jU&JCf'naf'-o-
nuq’san n.m. profit and loss (A]
t^j nqfqak (ped. nafaqah ) n.m. maintenance
**®allowance alimony .ii/^jCnan-na/'^eA n.m

maintenance alimony [A]
iTjnafl n.m. (dial, n.f.) (pi-.J’ty nao&'fil
(f supererogation supererogatory prayers [A j
, VI nS J°°z’ NM * penetration . influence
ir sJjj}ia’saT-o-njfooz’, 3 1 ) iPnufoo z^o-a’sur
n.m. influence

• fnafoor’ adj. fleeing from abhorring n.m
*Jr abhorrence detestation (A - -SyJ]
n I 003 ' NM * ( PL * of (j^naf's n.m. if)

•A naf' i (ped. naf'y) n.f. negative negation
(J nqf'y-o-isbat' n.m. negative and

affirmative (fig.) Islamic creed as comprising
negation of all deities save God [A]

^jjaaflr, (fj^nafi’ri n.f. small trumpet

•pi naf is' adj. nice ■ refined ; exquisite [A -

jl M*mqab' veil 0' < >-'(*>niqab' Ulatnd v.t.

. ^lift the veil (j'J^^niqzb'-poA’ adj. & n.m.
veiled (pzrson)(t‘fj&i)Olft~/G>niqab’ dai’na (or
dihar'na) v.i. lift the veil let down the
veil [A]

jjJJnaqqod' n.M. critic reviewer f A ~ JZ> ]

. ^‘naqqa’rah n.m. drum 4-^Pj naqqa' re kt
shot p H* to the beat of the drum open-
ly&l 'pnaqqar' 4ii n.m. drummer Hrj&uaqqdr'-
tha'nah n . m . place where drums are beaten to
announce time

naqqar'-Ma’ne mcli too' ti ki svsz' kaun sun’ 13 hat
prov. who listens to tr poor man against his
rich opponent who would listen to counsel of
sanity in this insane world [A]

.%lnqqqasj,' n.m. painter draughtmanship
^^tfQnaqqk'shi n.f. painting decoration

r-A^i

^Jniqat' n.m. (pl*. of Jo? n.m. ★)

( r'.naqqal' n.m. mimic clown imitator
O*' (ffZtnaqqa'li n.f. mimicry clownish-
ness imitation [A - ]

^Jf^naqu'hal n.f. weakness; debility con-
valescence naqih' adj. *i*i
(PL. Of t/^N.M. if)

•*jnoq’b n.f. house breaking ; burglary
*5*^ hole made by a burglar fj X^naq’b-zan n.m.
burglary , house-breaker j;, ^Jpnaq’b- za'ni n.f
burglary [A]

~lnaq’d n.m. (pl. sJ^niqood’) cash cnti-
■^*cism (rare) assay adj. cash (payment)

647

fj'yjnuqoosh' n.m. fl. of cT'n.m. *)
k, m . (pl. of J^n.f. *)

0 J

^ tiff Jl adj. cleafa pure n.m. name of
W Shi’ite Imam {$Jo>na'qavi adj. descended
from Imam Naqi

^J^naqU/ n.m. herald prodaimcr [AJ
• n.p. opposite ; contrary [A~ (y ^]

Jfjnaqik adj. weak ; feeble (A~uif£)]

j£iuJc 8DF. nose Jj < idinok-bol' n.m. favourite
*■"'% person exercising influence (over another)
Cx.yC'nak-baih’na adj. & n.m. (f. ±X- nak

batn'rA) (one) running at the nose tfj/'nakto’ra
n.m. (dial.) ironical remark ; taunt
nakto'r* Sthz'na v.t. humour nak-cfia'rka
ADJ- (*-(f iZ'-tnak-cka'rliS) proud surly
fastidious (f^u^nak-^pkik'ni n.f. sneeze-
wort ; tip top CfJ^nak'-ka’ta adj. (same as £/'
oakfya if) tf\^tfnak-ka'tl n.f. disgrace; infamy
Vjf nak-kafl ho’na v.i. be disgraced
nak’-gftis'si n.f. rubbing the nose on the
around by way of humiliation imploration
Vj(f~*i~6nak-gbxs's i kar'na v.i. implore ;
beseach[ ~ Jt‘ cont. ]

^fnukfka n.m. point ; pointed part of anything

n.m. (pl. of ^/n.m. if )

9 ^nikalf n.m. marriage.; matrimony

(llfnikab parka' na (or kar'na) v.t. many
perform matrimonial rites
paria”i n.f. remuneration _ for performance of
matrimontal rites *>j. t^'nika# ki si
shar'Un bandk’na v.t. " put forth harsh con-
ditions prevaricate^ (/£ n.m.
matrimonial deed ; marriage deedl^£l^m'Aa/i-
ho’na v.t. (of matrimonial rites) be performed
be married Cfi^mka^ta,(Jf^nika^ n.f. &
adj. (woman) whose marital rites have been
performed [A]

fiAnikas' n.m. i (f&hiktfsi n.f. outlej out-
U ~tum ; turn over sale
fit Anikal’na v.t. turn out ; expel ; drive out

dismiss.; sack take out pull out ;
draw oat extract distil subtract; deduct
solve (sum) out work (problem) em-
broider (pattern) issue ; publish achieve

(desire) eject hit upon (idea) devise
(plan) U&"nika'la n.m. extradition (> y&nika'la
mil'na 'M, be extradited be turned out

des'-nika'la n.m. banishment extra-
dition u*- des'-nika'la mil'na be banish-

ed be extradited J ty'nikal’ dc’nc. v.t.
expel drive out take out extract
subtract deduct eject ; to discard ; ex-
clude banish ; extradite I'll J&'nikal' land v.t.

seduce elope with bring off
.•y/.nika'na V.T. weed fi&'nika" i n.m. weed-
* ing remuneration for weeding
»« ynak’bal n.f. Aiakabal 1 ) adversity

misfortune [A]

*£• nUk'tah n.m. (pl. wl^'niAat') subtle point
significance point (of joke, etc.)
(J^nuk'ta-ajrW adj. (one) using conceits
nuk'ta-afri'rii n.f. use of conceits j i> X^'nuk'ta-
pardaz' adj. subtle ingenius ZJ-'nuk' la
parda'zi n.f. subtlety conceit nUk’la-
0ti n.f. critical; captious ^yi'nuk'ta-^d'ni
n.f. criticism ; cavilling ; captiousness
nuld la-dcifi' (or ras’ or shims'),
i/\^(,)nuk‘ ta-da ni (or ra'j* or shim' si) n.m.
sagacity discernment nuk’ta-shinas 1 ,

£ niik'ta-sa fij! ad j. discriminating ; having

critical ability (j^zfinuldta-saii'ji n.f. dis-
crimination; critical ability.^ zf'nUk' ta-gir’ adj.
critical ; captious tfyS ££’ nukta-gi'ri n.f.
criticise cavil a huk’te nikal'na v.t.

cavil (at) ; criticize

nuk'd n.f a kind of sweetmeat

nak' yd adj. & n.m. (f. ^ nak'ti) (one)

p having a cut nose shameless (person)
\fj l £Z.i r ts'US'tynak'ta boo'tfia sab se ooft'dia F’.'.ov.
a shameless person would stop at nothing [ - Jt'

+ J

na'kirah n.m. & adj. common (noun)
nuk'kqr n.m. (street) corner ; turning (of the

street)

j^Tiik'-suk (dial, nik’-sik or nak'-sak ) n.f.
appearance ; features (only sx^^^CjC-
^psljuC^nik'-siik st tils' (or dUrUst') ph. tip-

I (pnaksir n.f. vein of nose nan. »#*

j/T phnoi’na v. bleed at foe nose [~ Jt*]
,,i/*ni'kalna v.i. come out go forth be
*** taken out be pulled out ; drawn but
distilled be hatched be produced sprout
(of aim, etc.) rise flow set out depart
secede elope be lost balance get
lost overtake exceed (desire) be achiev-
ed appear issue be ejects | ity'vtkal

/

649

J

ni'gar

SUF.
seeing

seeing ; beholding. tfJ'jii’gan
beholding [P ~

SUF.

.jj^nigarnfi' (col. nigrsn') n.m. overseer
(// superior protector adj." overseeing
guarding Jlr^^nigara'n-c fa l’ n.m. & adj.
watchful (person), (one) looking after
supervising fi^nigara'rR n.f. care ; custody
revision py ^ ij : nigara'nl 'kar'na v.T. look-
after supervise tyj&S&jdarkhas't-a nigarn’tA
n.f. revision petition [p~c#*r *

it&'ni'galna v.t. swallow gulp downc45£f
s Ug'le &ait{ na nig' It (&ain' prow .
peace neither way

nigafid'na v.t. sew (quilt) with long stitches
U^^'nigati'da N.M. long ornamental
stitching '

.Jrf* nigo'ra adj. & n.m. {v.(j£rtt*go'r l) (dial.)
'wretched (person) ' miserable (person)
develish (person) &V I jx'nigo'ra na'fia adj.
& n.m.' (f. if* VtfjjF mgo'ri aa’ffcl)' (one) having
no relative

.iy*igooti aff. hanging “down advene
'Ax' nigoo'td suf. hanging down ad-

*e«Uy[P]

jftnigka'r a adj. homeless n.m. waif [~ cf +

mgah n.f. (short for *|^n.f. •£]

^^mg’hat n.f. (col. for) •A'^n.f. if

X nagUt, jXnagi'nah n.m. gem : jewel ;
(5^ a precious stone something that*sits well
VtfJir nagi'nak jar’ra v.t. set a stone jlsjX’
nagfna-saz n.m. lapidary
Untix. m. pipe hydrant tap water

V pomp urinary duct Jr $ Depart ka nal
na water-pipe spout hydrant
{•iPnala’na v.t. Weed out $lt l 'nala' , i n.f.

" weedling remuneration for it
iC nal'ea n.m. tube fpr administering drug to
** animals

4* nil’vah adv. without resistance gratui-
** tously unaffected

L* na’li n.f. tube pipe marrow bone

(f shim-bone (weaver s) shuttle
If nan adj. damp : moist humid n.m.

| .(rare) dampness ; moisture humidity
'ojjXf natn-bhMr’dah, zwfnam-didah, *LSjj*nm-
r&l’iah apj. moist 'destroyed by” moisture
Uij nam-rok! adj. & n.m. damp proof (sub-
stance) oj" ? nam-gt’rah n.m. awning
canopy Jft/nam-naX adj. moist ; damp

wet with tears ; tearful rum-na'ki n.f.
dampness tearfulness jf no! mi n.f. damp-
ness moisture humidity [P]'
i * numa' suf. like ; resembling appear-
** .ing showing ; exhibiting suf.

likeness ; resemblance show display
[P~ ^j^show]

•i * namaz’ n.f. divine service ; Muslim prayers
JlA nama’z-e istisqn' n.f. late afternoon

prayers jtg'jO nma'z-t ‘I d n.f. Eid prayers
jJ&j li noma'z-e qas’r n.f. reduced prayers (in
travels) d>y 60 nama’z-e kasoof ’ n.m. special con-

tiu namaz! bakhsh’va'ne ro'ze ga'le par gd't frov.
bid to seek redress brought further trouble ($j 0
nama’zl adj. & n.m. one who prays (one)
who says his prayers regularly \^^JjOnama’zi
ka fa'Aa n.m. trap false hope [P]

»mma"isjt n.f. exhibition show
Id display affectation smobbery t
nsma n .ish-g5h n.f. exhibition hall Mima”-
isH adj. just for show ostensible showy

j> • nammam! adj. backbiter JU nemma'mi n.f.
\V backbiting [A ~ y? ]

* numa’ih'dah n.m. representative
■**** nUma'ih'dagi n.f. representation [P
show]

.. i * nZma'ysfi adj. prominent ; conspicuous ;
Ozr salient [P~eky < show]

U *. mm' bar n.m. number marks ; award

^ rum' bar pa'na v.i. secure marks

nam'bar dikin' na v.t. exceed steal the march
over jlj^nam'bar-dar n.m. Lambardar ; village
headman [E] > _

0 nimta'na v.t. (same as IV* v.t. if)

& ni'mat'na v.T. (same as (Sif v.T. Jf)

0 * nam’dah N.M.
^ saddle-cloth

fc(t felt carpet rug
housing, m nomad free.
felt j'JjZ na’mad-pogt adj. & n.m. (lit.) (one)
clothed in felt mendicaqt [P]
nomas' It, j^namaskar' n.m,

^ (H. dial.) salutation ; wish- <
ing [S]

A Jf na'mish n.f. cool milk frotl?

"f * na'mat n.f. manner (only in) h na'mat
Jr adv. like i in the manner of

/» na'mak, (lit.) namak n.m. salt saltish
^-H^ taste attraction ; charm grace ;

650

&

elegance y'fr^Xt'na'makpaih' adj. & n.m. (one)
who XaantS(fliUtna'mak-pashi n.f. /pouring
salt (fig.)’ taunt > taunting y£uC' na'mak-
parvar’dah, jf^'na'mak-khar' adj. % n.m.
faithful (servant) (one) bred at another’s
money L^y'jZ>j<*i£j*fus6'na’mak phoot phoot' kar
ni'kal'na ph. suffer for ingratitude tfflLCna’mak-
dta’sht n.f. first feeding (of child) (i^^Ci'na'mak
dtakh'na v.t. taste (food) eat at the table
na'mak-haram' adj. treachnous;
perfidious ungrateful unfaithful (fiJLM
na'mak-bardmi n.f. treachery ; perfidy

ingratitude disloyalty Jd^^C'na'mak-Mdl'

ADJ. grateful ; true loyal-; faithful

na'mak-halali n.f. loyalty ; fidelity jfr na'mak-
dan' n.m. saU-cellar4 r /^- r 'na'mak ka tezab'
N:M. hydrochloric acid '(ftft-*6'na'mak
ka haq’ ada' kar’na, l / )/'ljlt^0'(f’haq'q-e na’mak
add kar' ns v.t. discharge one’s obligation f
(plf na’mak'ki kan’yt^'tfl/ka’n-e na'mak n.f. salt
mine ^ aT> ke dar ka'n-c

na’mok raft na’mak jIiwJ-prov. none can escape
the influence of environment l ^<-X‘ na’mak
ki mar' par’na v.i. be cursed for ingratitudell^*-^/'
na'mak lagans v.t, salt pickle with salt
l'$ &/LXi' na’mak mir’ch lags’ na v.t. <" give
relish ; make tasteful garble* ; give a garbled
version coloor-highly ; give a coloured version

exaggerate harass taunt namkln’
adj.’ saltish saline brackish of brownish
complexion ; nut-brown attractive j charm-

ing £rnamki'ni n.f. saltishness salmity
brackishness agreeableness brown com-
plexion charm ; attraction [PJ
^ numoo' n.m. growth increase {A}

• numood’ it.r. show ; showness pomp
yy and show fame ; celebrity known
egotism appearance existence } y
numoo' d-e be bood' n.f. vanity ; outword ’show
I'J'jS numood’ kar’na V.T. boast ; brag
appear t>^Sy numood’ kho’ns v.t. lose prestige
Cd fff/ numood’ ki le’na v.i. brast ; brag Ijjk
nUmoo’diya n.m.’ & ADJ. showy (person) fo?
numoodar’ adj. visible apparent; manifest
('J'jij/numoodar’ kar’na v.t. make visible IjfjIfJk
numoodar' ho' net v.i. become visible appear
(of sun, etc.) rise (P~^y ]

. . \ numoo' nah N.M. specimen type
Vy model pattern numoo' hah dan n.m.

(rare) show case [P~ 1 •

ntmon’iy a n.m. pneumonia [E]

l?

d

f nmoo’ha ADJ. (f. mmoo'hl ) quiet ;

taciturn helpless [ ~ + ^3

nan n.f. nun [E]

nami'mah n.f. backbiting [A]

ji

u* nan' ns n.m. & adj. (f. (f tian’ni) same as Ipf 1
* N.M. & ADJ. -fc)

/ lijl\ ninaiil ' vail AD J- & N - M - (dial.) ominous
(person) [~x + (*!>'.]

, ninnsn've n.m. & adj. ninety-nine (jljjld
ninnan’ vevafi adj. ninety-ninth^^
ninnan've ka pher' ph. bid to increase one’s
wealth greed £^[2 ninnan’ veh

ke pher' men a'na (or pad na) ph. be after increas-
ing one's wealth

,’nafid (dial, na'nad ) n.f. sister-in-law ; hue-
y*' band’s sister^A>" nando"i n.m. brother-in-law
husband of husband’s sister
f ,• nth da n.f. (dial.) disaparaging remarks
v/\m ki niit'da Uar'rta v.t. (dial.) utter dis-
paraging remarks against

f fcnaitg n.m. shame disgrace honour
reputation(ylidL-&nafi’.g-e khandan' adj. &
n.m. one who is a disgrace to one’s faraily£j(n<u^‘
nahg-e khald'iq adj. & n.m. one who is a disgrace
to mankind {i‘ji^C'nang-o-ndm' i (Jjfl‘£e&naft’g- 0 ’
namoos' n.m. honour prestige [P]

^ tfnafig n.m. nakedness shamelessness
‘■'^adj. nakedness pennilessw^f},^'
natig' dharafig ' adj. stark naked

+ nah'ga adj. (f. nah’gi) naked
0^ denuded bare shameless ; unashamed
■i v exposed <&&haiiga’-pan n.m. nakedness &
tfjjtfnah'ga jbo’ri n.f. search of labour on com-
ing out of factory l&Jifj&’nafi' ga dkarah’ga adj.
quit© naked stark naked f) jyl ma' dar-zad

nah'ga n.m. stark naked nafi’gtbaA'A * adj.

unadorned (woman) \yf & nah'ga kar’na v.i.
strip (someone) naked expose lay ‘bare^

jlJ>~nah'gllalvar' n.f. drawn sword (fig.)

fearless person outspoken person ; one who
wears hiv heart on his s\otvttjjb£.nah’ ge pa” on
adj. bare-footed nah'ge pa”oti nah'ge
sir adj. bare* footed and bare-headed

perplexed nah'ge sir adv. bare-headed
t /f^j<yjl}/f^(r'nan’ginaha’'egi kya'
cur nicto’re gi kya’ PROv. a poor person can
never have enough and to spare
^pnan’rAa, \y'nan’na adj . & n . m . ( f . (ftum'i&i.

651

(<? nan' ni ) small tiny wee-bit

small child ; child iftflidnan'nha kat'na v.T. & I.

spin fine yarn . be niggardly
u ^naniijsl n.f. matcrnabgrandfather’s bouse
or family [ ~ ft-’ ] _

i * nau adj. & n.m. nine LO^^jnav.' te'rah
j bn' left bana'na v.i. prevaricate Ljftjifjjj nau'-
do-gya'rah ho'na v.i. run away ; slip away
rtau' ra'/an n.m. niife jewels (fig.) nine
celebrites 4 /— <?/%, ($• j

cjioo’he khz’ kar bil'li haj' ko efca’ti prov. having
sinned for six days be goes to church on the
seventh nau-lak'kka adj. valued at nine
lakh rupees t£q/2 r'tfjnau' meiina te’rah meh
ph. worthlessjUvi^ ^ nau' naq’d na te'rak
udkzr'^'jf nau’-na'ga n.m. nine jewelled bracelet
{Jf} na’vah adj. ninth

f j nau adj^ new fresh pref. new
* fresh >L ) J nau-abad’ adj. newly settled
(rare)^ newly commanded (land) colonized
jtfibi} nau-abad’ -kar n.m. colonizer nau

abad’-ka'ri n.f. colonization (fj l 0 nau : aba'di n.f.

colony settlement *2 1 j(l}nau-abadiyat' n.f.
colonies jy\) nau-amoz' adj. & n.m. beginner
novice ; tyro raw hand inexperienced
(peT$on)(fjSljnau-amo'zi n.f. inexperience )sj
nau’ ba-nau' adj. ever new up-to-date
nau-bahar' n.f. early spring full bloom adj.
in full bloom youth ; young man c»y)nai -javan'
n.m. (PL.^l'/jy nau-java'nah or -javanan') adj.
(one) in the prime of (one’s) life tflrjnaujava’ni
n.f. youth youtbfulness ; prime of (one’s)
life tfXgjnau-&ati di adj. of the new moon ;
first (Thursday, etc.) of the lunar month
nau' &bas' tak adj. & n.m. newly (rich) ; upstart
nau-Mcz’ n.m. & adj. adolescent
youthful beauty nau-Me’zt n.f. adolescence
youthful beauty &tj/jnau-dau'lat adj. & n.m.
newly rich upstart (/iy nau-ras ' adj, & n.m.

newly-mellowed^^^ nau-rus’tak adj. newly
(fruit) sprung 'apJ M }nau-roz' n.m. # new year’s
day this as a persian festival naa'.-shah n.m.
bridegroom ; groom yt ) rum.-’ unit ajjj, young

inexperienced n.m. beginner minor
(fy?) nau-' uni ri n.f. minority ; childhood v {'j
n / urgiriftar ' adj. & n.m. newly captured (person)
d“? nau - mus'lim n.m. & a -j. convert to Islam;
neophyte ^"'jnau-mash'q a j. inexperienced ;
novice nau - nehal ' n.m. (rare) sapling
young man ; young man ; youth jjljjnau-va'rid
ADJ. & n.m. newcomer fresh arrival [*)
|y nova' n.f. song tune voice sound

subsistence belongings JbS r J nav a' par da? ,
fc'ij nava'-satj' adj. & n.m. singing one
emitting a sound t$j fj nava'-parda'Zt,
nma'-saiiji n.f. singing emitting a aonnd
ijj Jjbar'g-o-naoa' n.m. belongings be-

bar* g-o-naca’ adj. empty-headed [P]

^jjnav'vab (col. ruwab') n.jf. lord (aich.)
• ’J governor (arch.) petty ruler ; prince ;
nabob t~>ij»~vdL~be-muik nawab' -n.m. haughty
person tfjj nawa'bf n.f. lordship (arch.)
princedom (arch.) governorship vanity ;
pride misrule adj. lordly jSxSjjO nawa'bi ffcaA
n.m. pl. lordly ways

jjttSwab ' n.m. (rare PL.*of<>l*N.M. ir)

_ fjnovah' n.m. environs (fljnava'kl adj. sut-
£/ a rounding [ ~ A (fi}~ sing.^tCn.m. -A]

/ • nava'dir n.m. Ft. curios - rarities
JP’Jr curiosities jtfj-j jjl? nava’dir-e rozgar’ n.m.
wonders of the world [A~sing.<»/> 1 *]
ijnivar’, (dial, nivaf) n.f. tape (of the
coarse kind)

* (j navsz ’ SUF * favouring; cherishing player
J 'J (on musical instrument)

•» ava'zish n.f. {Ph.yC/jlJ navazirbat')
U J’J favour ; courtesy yi^jQnava' zish-na'mah
n.m. (euphuism for) letter ; kind letter [P~

</*>]

. •navaz'iia v.T. favour , show kindness (to)

eftj]

^j/^nioas’ n.m. (dial.) house ; residence [S]

/j nava'sah n.m. grandson ; daughter’s son (fjj
naoa si n.f. grand-daughter ; daughter’s
daughter

y.nava’si adj. eighty-nine n.f. (see under /-dy

O I^N.M. *)

naD osir’ N.F. (PL. ofV't'NJI. if)

Lulnava’Jil n.m. (pl. of J**n.m. •£}

|y navaf n.f. (lit.) beneficence [AJ

ii\nivalah n.m. morsel; mouthful b'UfiJtj
/J 'y nava'lah utia’na v.t. take a morsel
1'J 1 ek‘ hi niva'lah kar’na v.i. gulp down
consume at once I'JJt s jQniva’lah na tor’ha
n.m. not to eat Jljy tar’ niva'lah n.m. choice
morseUfj* V'2^^u/^itfy!?'d£>de'kh<t sher' ki
ankk' lhila”e so'ne ka niva'lah prov. provide all
amenities but be a strict disciplinarian
- ijnava'hi n.f. pl. prohibitions inter-
’* diets injunctions tfljj/bl ava'mir-o-

652

✓ 9

ts

nava’fA n.m. PL. exhortations and. injunctions ;
orders and prohibitions [A — SING, (f ]

Kt *.nava’'ib n.m. pl. calamities ; unfortunate
« ^occurrences ; adversities [A ~ SING.

nau'bat n.f. turn period time ;
occasion opportunity stage condi-
, tion I'USfj nau’bat a'na v.t. (of somethings turn)
come ; be the turn (of) nau'bat ba-nau‘bat

adv. turn by turn CfX'iSsj nau'bat pakuficfi'na v.i.
be reduced fc/j nau’bat ko pahufi^tMt V.

reach a (certain) stage be reduced to the
condition fit) nau'bati adj. intennittant (fever,
etc.) [A]

* *V j nau'bat n.f. kettle-drum drum for

^9* announcing passage of time, etc. Ctejc/j
nau'bat baja'ns v.t. beat the drum an-
nounce the hour with beat of drum nau'bat
baj'na v.t. (of drum) be beaten (of hour)
be announced with beat of drum>L»(J>'j) nau'bat-
kha'nah n.m place front where time is announc-
ed with beat of drum guard house to the
condition (of stage) come [~prec.]

no'bal-para''iz n.m. Nobel Prize [E]

• mu' tab, Zjfnajo'tah n.m. monetary gift made
V-Fat wedding Vjfnaut'na v.t. invite as wedding
guest (^)naut'iii n.f- wedding party^L^ncu/kari
n.m. (dial.) wedding guest who lias to give a

gift /, •
if * not n.f. currency note note wtJb’aoj'-

***7 biik n.f. note-book I'/i^jfnot'-har'na v.T.

note ; make a note of [E] , _

\ no'As n.m. notice ; [yj^/Jnous dt’na

(or bkej'na)y. t. give notice [E]

9 \nauj int. (dial.) God forbid [corr. of A
we seek asylum (of God]
i»j notfi'na V.T. pinch elaw tear at
Vpr (Jj (^y no’fha-na&i n.f. tearing at each
other Jljjtffr/floclt'-kbasoi' n.f. plunder

exploitation

9 \nau '& l N.F. bawd’s girl young
U^7 prostitute
* *ncoh n.m. Noabgit/l iftoofa'n-e nooh! n.m.
Us deluge r.jS’ Vm'r-t /tool V n.m* very long life
;A~H] ^

•nau'iak n.m. lamentation dirge
fiy kind of elegiac verse QtyjrJ nau'ka-hhah n.m.
& adj. mourner ; (one) who laments
writer or reciter of elegiac , verse j mu’ ha-

kha'm n.f. lamentation writer or reciter of

elegiac verse J^ttau' ha-gat' ADJ. & n.m. lament-
ing (person) ; mourner (fjsjfnau'ha-ga'ri n.f.

lamentation [A]

\ floor 1 n.m. (pl. jtj\ anvar') light lumino-
sity refulgence splendour ty\/jnoor’-
ofza' adj. illuminating (jCflj}noor'-afs±aA' adj.
diffusing light doL/jnoor'baf N.M. (arch-) weaver
noor'-ba'ji n.f. (arch.) weaving<yLp^> noo’r-a
jahati' n.m. light of the wprld N.F. ( noor '•
•jakaff) this as female name fSfujf noo'r-e tbash'm,
oj*? jjt noo'r-t di’dak' ji>£ noo’r-t na'zar n.m.
(fig.) toaCtJjjnoor' fhka'na v.t. be light all

around noor' zahoor' ia vaq't N.M.
dawn 1 daybreak j) if 5 jnoo'rdn 'ala' tutor' int.
wonderful tfty ffj) noor ha tar'ka n.m. early hours,
of moming noor' ke tar’keADV. in the

catty hours of the mornmgt5uic(^ «i 9 r>

ke safi' (fee mfi dkal'na v.i. be exquisitely beautiful
jjf \f/y noor' ha go! la n.m. melodious voice )f/y
ft noor’ ha ga'la pa'na v.r. have a melodious
voice "j lyj noora 'ril adj. bright . luminous

brilliant refulgent resplendent saintly

C^i/jnooraniy'yat N.r. brilliance saintli-

ness (S/j noo'ri adj. composed of light
heavenly angel n.m. angel (A]

• naoar'd suf. traveller ; wanderer tfjJtmar'H
}J7 n.f. travel ; wandering [Pdit)]

^jj noo Ti AD J- & N - M> ( see under ujt N.M. if)

y nau’rah n.m. depilatory made of lime

! “pi nosh n.m. honey ^ tPy noM'bah n.m. elixir
t Js jjljgsJriash'da'roo n.m. name _ of medicine
used as cordial or antidolec^** uo'jHb Adj.
honey-like ; -sweet [P] • a.

f ‘f/jKOsh n.m. eating clrinkingf^b^.^C^
Us noM-e jail) f armada (or kar'na) V.T.
eat drink [P~

.A*j nauspa'dar n.m. ammonium chloride ; sal-
iS 7 ammoniac [P]

-ZlnaO&. suf., writing n.f. writing (only in)
L0 7*!ybs'J nasish't-o-khafid' n.f. writing and
reading being reduced to writing j&jnatrish'tak
N.m. writing adj. written Jjsf &)tumMta-e
taqdir' n.m. fate ; denting £-& > jnauiah , Uuft adj.
worth-writing [P~ J^*)

~jUau' shaft n.m. (see under y ADJ. & PRBf. ★

~ ,a. ■

X/lno'shih adj. ( ee.under (/yN.M. ♦)

U~7 , -■

, mu' n.f. (pL.^/ytcn'ca*) species kind;

f\J sort manner (jO\ijnau‘ t -t jn'uk' N.F.

mankind t'JA ba - hr ' mu< ’ ADV * an y^ w ?*.
any rate ; at all events somehow or other

653

nau'iy'jat n.f. kind quality particular
nature [A]

nok n.f. point tip end
w pa'lak n.f. beauty of features nicety
of calligraphist t-dfctJjinok' jhofik'S.F. passage-
at-arms jiff nok'-dar adj. pointed ufijfijjiwk'-
dam bhag’na v.T. run away ; show a clean pair
of heels (Jl'jj')nok-e zubafi’ adv. by heart ; on
the tip of one’s tongue I'jfjljjjf/J(bar) no’k-e
abaft' ho'na v.i. be on the tip of one’s tongue [P]
{'•nau'kar n.m. servant employer Xjfy
s* A nau'kar a’ge dia'kar prov. one entrusting
one’s work to another ASS nau'kar dkakar
n.m. servants domestic servants c
nau'kar rakk'na v.T. engage or take up as a ser-
vant VftJs nau'kar ho'na v.i. be a servant
take up service (with) $ [/jnau'k'ara'ni n.f.
maid-servant ($Jj nau'karl service employ-
ment post ; job nau'karl-pe'shah n.m.

one defending on service as his means of liveli-
hood ; salaried person nau'karl-

pe-’shak log' n.m. pl. salaried classes vf
nau'karl kar'na v.T. take up service [PJ
l*jnaum n.f. sleep [A]

^^navam'bar n.m. November [E]

•itaumld' (areh. naumed') adj. hopeless iS^i
Jgj nahna'dl, (arch, naume'dl ) n.f. disappoint-
ment hopelessness ; despair ; despondency
[P~ t* + vw*/]

* .•.noon n.m. name ofthe ‘noon 5 (rare) fish
Os* ^Sfyjnoo’n-e ghin'nah n.m. nascl
noo'n-e qUt'rH n.m. superior (or inferior) ‘noon’
written at various places for nunation
/Jj tton ^ or noon } n.m. salt non' tel

Wjr{lak'rl) n.m. (f.) minor necessities"of life c)j
Ctf&/non' mir'dt laga'ra v.T. exaggerate
•j Jiwo'nl n.f. infant’s penis butteroil
0J salinity on walls, etc. Qjl noo'rii lag' no.
v.l. (of wall plaster) come off owing to salinity
.jf native adj. & n.m. ninety tjjnau'vevsh adj.
•^ninetieth

jjj nmd' n.f. good news glad tidings [P]

J* navis' 8UF. writer (of) ^y-^Jnaiisifi'dah n.m.
V&r ^writer scribe natH'si suf. writing
(P ~ (ytytuiaah'tah]

ii J nave' la adj. (f. (j^j nave'll ) new singu-
lar netya nave' la adj. (v.g'jjjfnvl'l

nave’ll) brand new ~

I* nah adj. no not neitlier not jfjtS
~ ml poo'dJu urr. it is indescribable tz^Mrz

na’ thook'na v.i: (also fig.) not to care a hang for
if (or na-ja'ne adv. who knows^l^^
na ra'he bafts' na ba'je bafts'ri Prov. let
us^s trike at the root ofthe trouble
cy<<£4£na math' men datt’ na pet’ met Btt’ ph.
(fig.) very old (person); decrepit
(na) e'ns na de'na ph. of no use having no
connection na nau man

tel'ho'gana ra'dha na'dteftgl t*ROv. puttingfprth
impossible conditionsjiflf ’ * na bar' bar
na kkar khar ph. with no quarrel
Xjnah suf. like ; -ish[P]

• noh n.m. nine J? na'hum (ped. - nuaum!) adj.
* ninth (P] '

. • nehnd' n.f. nature disposition [P~*kv
^lYplace]

nahar' n.m. day j LyJ tk! lai'l-o-nahat ' n.m. PL.
nfght(s) and day(s) ways ; habits [A]

i •.nahar' adj. without food since morning
^"’’without breakfast S-fjCj nahar' mJfth adv. an
an empty stomach [P]

./ i • naha'ri (or ne-) n.f. skin of beef stew
this used for breakfast horsefeed com-
prising condiments and raw sugar [ ~ Ijl? ]
j.» nehal' adj. (dial.) happy prosperous
nehal' kar'na v.t. please make
prosperous Ijftjlytiffa/' ho'na v.i. be happy
prosjjer ; thrive

ft • nehal n.m. sapling lovely newgrown

tree tf&neha' It n.f. mattress adj. of or like
a new-grown plant ^CrnehaV &ah n.m. small
mattress [P]

ii • nihaft' adj. hidden ; concealed latent

UW clatndcsiineZlajlf nihaft' kha' nah n.m.

private room^li-m/ta'nl adj. hidden ; con-
cealed latent frlUrfUlahda’m-e niha'nl N.F.
private parts of female body [P]

<*i •rtaha'na v.i. wash oneself ; bathe
v^naha'na dho'na v.t. wash oneself ; bathejU-
nahan' n.m. (dial.) bath

i*| * neha'na n.m. tie milch-cattle’s kind legs for
’yt milking
^f^naha”l n.f. anvil

(JV. nehtfyot n.f. limit ; end ; extremity

boundary excess extreme adv.
very ; very much extremely exceedingly
remarkably exquisitely [A)

I#.’ nehat'ta, (f. nehal 0) adj. unarmed

empty-handed [~qJ+ St f ) *

iflnahufta km. nail-scratch CfllmMt'l*
lag'** V4> have a nail scrrteb tV((<Ci?acta|'|a

654

sf

mar'na v.t. scratch hard with nails

naih'j (ped. nah'j) n.m. mode manner [A]

\ naih'r (ped. nah’r) n.f. (pl. jislanhar') canal
(O&'LjlstfyYnaih'r kst 'na (or nikal'na) v.t *
take out a canal from (f^ naih’rl adj. canal-
irrigated land [A ~ river]

|» • nahur'ia n.m. (col. t**' nahan'na n.f.
nahur’nl n.f. nail-parer

i.“ na h aT 'va,j/?L'nah'roo n.m. long threadlike
y* worm coming out of skin this as disease
^^ynoh'zdt n.f. marching movement [A]

•£ynehzf'tah adj. hidden ; concealed [P]

ii’tiaih'la n.m. nine (at cards) Ijjl ipj
**' naih’le par (or pit) daih'la mar'na fh.’ go* one
better [ ~ > ]

,'.i\naihlan5 v.t. wash or bathe (someone)
vlr'i fiiLy- naihla'i n.f. remuneration for giving
a bath L'ljkYnaihlvana v.t. cause (someone) to be
washed or bathed t’u- cads.]
j^na'kum (ped. no' him) adj. (see under v noh
I ADJ. & N.M. -fc)

^JfTiotimat n.f. courage desire [A]

^ » nahajtg’ n.m. crocodile alligator

nahati’g-e ajal’ n.m. (fig.) death [P]
nihafig adj. naked unconcerned
WV^shameless [P]

«« •nahot’ n.f. straitened circumstances
penury ; pennilessness [ ~ it + l'y ]

/ 1 noho'ra, jjj^’naho'ra n.m. • coquetry

JJ” vaunted favour ; obligation

nahurs’na v.t. bow down (one’s head)

J, nah'y adj. prohibitory (tense) n.f. pro-
W hibitory tense interdict [A]

*yna'/un adj. no ; not; nay jy^na’hin to int
t/*- no ; not at all adv. otherwise
fyna"\, na"e adj. inflected forms of lx
adj. *)

rti n.m. seventh note of national gamut

i • nai n.f. flute ; pipe read <J&£nayas'talt,
&~(or nai’sitafi) n.m. place where reeds grow
jijiL-nai-navaz! n.m. pipertf } I j*L narnava'zi n.f.

piping [PJ

r j nai adv. (lit.) no; not; nay J ...J^nai...
*'■' nai adv neither.. .nor [P]
j nt particle. (It follows subject of transitive
verb used in past tense ; not translated into
English)

r ^ * / •

| • nays adj, (f. (f na”i, na”e) new ;

Z, fresh recent modern na'ya pkal
new species of fruit new fruit (of the

n.m

season )xfU na'ya ja’nam (ped. -jarim) n.m.
new life complete recovery rebirth tyiJpU
na’ya rag' alap'na v.t. strike a new note
create new problem na'ya rafig' In' no. v.

(of events, etc.) take - a new tum l *(£jl>i»V na'yn
fit’nah utka'na, Ulb^if \f na'yn gul' kkiln'na v.T.
create new problem vjv na'yn kar’nn v.t. eat
new fruit of season (W. dial.) bum CU
cb y na'ya nau' din pirn' ns sau din ph. ofd
things outlast new one’s /Jit na'ya

nau'kar hi' ran mar'tn hai prov. new broom sweeps
well li.y ¥ na’yn nave’ Is, adj. (?.{$_}&' ncTi

nave'li ) new young beautiful untouch-

ed unused £iJ?if'na”ijova'ril n.f. budding
youth L na”i javn'rA eharhlns v.i. become
yotmg again (<fna''i rau’shani n.f. new light;
modem civilizations. si' re se adv.
anew ; afresh all over again ^ £.
na”e navab asm an' par dimagh' prov. ' an upstart
is always arrogant /(?£■£. na”e na”e

lyctkim na”i na”i Aa'/rt pRpv. new master, new
laws

i^nay'ys n.f. boat ij* tf^nay’ya ka khivav’ya
JT n.m. boats’n (fig-) breadwinner of family

niya'bat n.f. vicegerancy deputizing

* £ (f° r ) ; becoming an agent (of) %¥ niyabatan
adj. as an agent iJ'i'ns'ib adj. if [A]

| ^niysr’ n.m. fodder

w

niyara, adj. (F.tfjVniya’ri) (dial.) un-
common ; extraordinary separate n.m.
scoria left after refining gold, e tc.jyjx mja' riyS
n.m. one who washes metal grains from scoria
adj. clever

■ *. * niyaz' n.m. humility meekness need

meeting acquaintance n.f. offering ;
libation 1 ‘Lp^J O niyaz' (h.ar%a'na v. make an
offering ^•/(y’brjOniyarP ha’silkar’na v.t. pay
one’s respects (to) niyaz? ha’sil ho'na
v.t. rrfeet know be acquainted with jy
ClJj niyaz dilva’na v . t . make an offering in
the name (of) give aims (to) niya'z-e

rasool' n.f. alms given in the Holy Prophet’s
name niyaz? -kesh' adj. humble ; obedient
jyjO niyaz? -matd' adj. humble ; obedient

indigent.; needy supplicating(fji>>U niyaz'-
maft'di n.f. humble grayer ; supplication {PJ

655

OU

n.m. penis [~P ojz corr.]

A • nxyam n.f. sheath; a scabbardfp^-i^ni^am'

I adj. (of sword) uncovered ; unsheathed [P]

•. 0 niya'na , noi'na n.m. piece of rope' with
which milch animal's hind knees are tied
during milking .

s. « niya'o n-.m. justice; just decision
J~fni/ , a' > o kar'na, i-U niaf'e n.m. (dial.)
justice dialectics logic
niyn'yak n.m. judge dialec-
tician logician

ifni'boo n.m. lemon ; lime
■%**ni'boo-nichor‘ n.m. lemon-crusher
*• \ttiy'yat n.f. intention

intent ; purpose design wish ; will ..
i I'Jl ) Or A niy'yat babdk'na (or kar'na) v.T. & I.

resolve , repeat formula for opening the
prayer niy'yat bhar'na v.i. be satiated ;

have no more any desire to eat IVJUJ^
t 'j(Ji i ) niy’yat bi'garna (or ba' dal ja'na or bad'
ho'na) v.i. change one’s mind suddenly
have an evil intention C^jOCc^niy'yit sa'bit
akk'na v.T. stick to one’s resolve
niy'yat-e shab haram' /( ,PYt. I (etc.) have no intent
to go to sleep Cpj (?• C*fniy"yat la'gi raih'na v.i.
bear in mind p niy'yat melt far'q ana
v.i. suddenly have an evil intention [A]

ni'ti n.f. (dial.) conduct rqj-m'll n.f.
£/** (dial.) conduct of state .politics ; diplo-
macy [S]

X ni(h adj. low ; mean n.f. descent ; declivity
Qy $rtH(!i'-Zat f n.f. & ADJ. low caste ;
depressed class (fyfyy ( ocftgjl n.f. inequa-
lity of social status vicissitudes (of life)

unevenness [ ~ fool]

tJj ni’dia ADJ. (f. low less

5" mean; base sloping lowlying Ci/jjf-
nitjitt dikha’na v.T bring (someone) low p/fcd'
kar'na v.T. lower bend
Hi’efti na'iar kar'na v. .look downward out of

zar ho'na v.t.

respect or shame Vy/Ji><f-ni'thl na’z
be ashamed

shocked ; have the shock of one’s life Lli^-ni'cjte
la' no V.T. trounce

gtne'diar n.f. nature J^naich'ral natural
yZ** lfy£nech'n n.m. materialist ; atheist. [E]

riai'cjiah n.m. hookah tubes jsg- nai'cJna
bajid n.m. hookah tube binder [P~

^ rit'ehe adv. (see under [g adj. it)

| ^Z'nir n.m. (dial.) water

# • - «

'nay'yir n.m. & adj. luminary nay yxr-t

JZ as'ghar n.m. moon ; the lesser luminary
U A Vi) j ybay'yir-e a e zam (or ta'bah ) or rakh'-
shab n.m. the sun; the greater luminary [A ~ jjl ]
fZ»nairang' n.m. sorcery ; magic miracle
trick wonder fyjynairatigl n.f.
sorcery ; magic ^miracle trickery

wonder ly Ljijj &>J(jyynauan gi-e rozgdr' (or

zama'nah or ‘a lam) n.f. the vicissitudes of
fortune [P]

j, T ne'rqo n.m. strength ; power ; might [P]

_ ^ _ nay roll se

dekk’na v.t.. look ashame look with down-
caste tytz£L-nl'the adv. below ; beneath
down under m'die a 'na v.t. be thrown
dovtn^jiiZ^Lm'&e se oo'par tak ph. all over;
from top’to bottom Vyitfj fetal’ (he ka pax
bhz'rl ho'na ph. have petticoat government ; (of
wife) wear the

Ibej m'cjse ki sabs' ni'/^e aur oo'par kl salts' oo'par
raip' ja'na v.i, be/struck dumb be greatly

also again even [P]

A

I »^*ni^cONj.

Xa

, * ne'zah (ped. nai'zah) n.m. spear ; lance
Q/Z javelin reed from which pens are
made }L tjy ne'za-baz n.m. spearman ; a lancer
ne'za-ba'zi n.f. tilting jousting [P~
2J nai J

itZnai'sah n.m. name of Iranian Spring
U**0 month (corresponding to April-May^jU^/i
ab're nai' sab n.m. spring cloud ; spring shower
^Cnes' t n.m. non-existence adj. non-existant
*"* < ’’** adv. no L'SjJl'jO?nes't-o na-bood' kar’na
v.t. ruin ; destroy annihilate obliterate
ms'll n.f. non-existence annihilation
ruin ; destruction- ill-luck indolence ;
lethargy I’tgtf^bes'ti fhh&'nav. I. have . ill-luck
brought about by indolence Ijl V / (fC?nes'tl ka
ma’ra n.m. indolent ; lethargic wretched
(P-y+i s*'}]

"Jtnesh n.m. sting jb^nesh'-dar adj. sting-
LA* iug mordant tf}Jr£nesh'~za'nl n.p.
stinging taunts taunting [P]

•jne'fah n m. part of trousers through which
string runs OfjjfjZne'fe men H'rasna v . t .
hold (something) in purse improvised by upturn-
ing a part of trousers from under the belt
/ t mk adj. good , virtuous ; pious man-
^'Vnerly lucky; fortunate^ ^Cne'k-akh’tar
adj. lucky; fortunate ^ii-X^nek-abjam' adj.
having a happy endc /fa'S&neh abdeshf adj.
wel l-meaning well-disposed nek -

656

Jt

V-

atd/M n.f. good intention nek'-bakh't

adj. lucky ; fortunate true ; dutiful ; well-
behaved nek'-bakh' ti n.f. good luck ;

good fortune "being well-behaved ^i^Cnek-
(faa'lan adj. of good conduct ; having a good
character. nek' -dial' rtl n.f. good conduct ;

good character J&isC'nek'-bbisal' nek'-

khas'lat , nek'-bhoo adj. good-natured
tttk’-bhah adjT well-wisher ; friend (f,\9'*JVntk
kb a hi k.f. being a well-wisher ; friendliness
&t£6ntk' sa' ‘at n.f. auspicious moment ^
'-st' rat (or adj. well-behaved
of good disposition nek-si' rati n.f.

good behaviour \/£gJJz,bsZC'ruk' salnh' ka
poo (frith a kya' prov. 'implementation of good
council should not be delayed Jl fal n.f.
good omen nek’-farjam' adj. with a

happy end ^jf^Onek'-qa'dem ADJ. welcome' 1 \yi~C
nek '- kirdar ' ADJ.*" of good character \<yf J//'wek‘
gka’ri n . f . auspicious moment nek'-mak'zar
adj. well-behaved of good disposition
£< I y nek'-mizaj' adj. well-mannered; well-behav-
ed tfjy nek’-miza’ji n.f. beiiig well-behav-
ed good disposition ^L^nek'-ma'nish adj.
good-natured ntk'-man'zar adj. lovely f'cf

nek’-nam' adj. reputed having a good

character jCr nek’-na'ml n.f. repute
good character nek'-nehsd 1 ' adj. good-
natured iz&nek'-niy'yat adj. well-meaning; wcll-
intentionsd (ft <-X>' nek'-niy'yati n.f. being well-
intentioned ru'k-o-bad n.m. good and

evil pros and cous (of) / tte'ko pref. (same
as pref. *) ru’ki n.f. good good :

ness virtue piety beauty
ru'ki aur poocb k'pootki prov. do not delay doing
good (fjt (gnt'ki ba'di n.f. good and evil
weal or woe {jpttfpVtfcne’ki bar-bad' gunah'
la'zim prov. a good turn repaid by evil
t)'A£ «'** kat darya' men dal' prov. if you
confer a favour do not boast
/gneg n.m. cash presents made by marrying
m couple to relatives ; menials or entertainers
ur.^’ntg' jogti.u. (tame ostJV
mg' de'nav.r. make such presents 4 %*jTnegi le'na
v.T. accept such presents WtJ&tujJlag'na v.i.
be well spent frj^nt'gl jo'gi s!k menials
deserving such presents t

^vnl/ n.m. & adj. ten billion

f L}nil n.m. indigo dark bruise carried by
LA* blow, hurt, etc.) pref. blue
bi'gama v.t & f. (of false report) get round

tell a white lie suffer reverse be unfortu
nate go mad (of indigo vat) be spoilt

tjp nil' parjana v.t. be beaten black and blue
dkul'na v.i. lose all sense of shame
(of dying man’s eyes) run ; slime J-f 'Jtnil'
ka ji'kah n.m. slur; stigmac^i fulfil' ka mat
n.m. indigo vat tnl'-katth. n.m. blue-necked

vl’ kl > sala'i-yan
Bti'kiofi met pker'na v.t. blind if f (£. nil' Li
ko'thS n.f. indigo y factory 2jtf£riil' -ga" e n.f.
white antelope J$'nil'gooh adj. blue
azure |P]

C> nail Nf.M. achievement ; attainment ; Requisi-
te* lion (*!/'()£ nai‘l-c maram' n.m. success ,
achievement of one’s object ^l/*^eL-bt-nail-t
maram' adv. unsuccessfully ; without achieving
one’s object

ittnVla adj. (f. (jam'll) blue azure
•ST livid Cyf pup ni'la pi' la ho'na' v.i. be en-
raged , fly info" ‘a** passion ni'la tho'tha

n.m. blue vitriol , copper sulphate &>»*’( IvO*
ni'la do'ra baMh'na v.i. tie a blue string to offset
of evil eye ^fli^nila'hai n.m. blueness
azureness lividness

rfijnilam' n.m nila'ml N.F.^auction fyfiy

• *5T ril am' kor'na v.t. auction tkp'rdlam'-gkar
n.m. auction house [Por]
ifint'lam n.m. sapphire rt'lam-pa'rl n.f
( legend) blue fair ; sapphire fairy [P]

I y^ra'lo/ar n.m. water-lily; lotas; nenuphar
/y£» (f^f^’m'lo/a'ri ADj. blue fJ^ff^J^gUm'bad-t
rd'lofari n.f. blue sky nl' {J adj; bluejjfj^
t&'li ruvaq' n.m. blue mus0Mti [P] .

m n.m. margosa ;» pie t la azedirachta’

to N.F fruit of the margosa

tree

v/it&m. adj. half middle sup. half semi*
I/** quasi )!?(*? nim’-baz adj. a half-open

"(of eyes) drunk , intoxicated*^/^ aim' birisht’
adj. (of meat) not fully roasted (of egg)

purboiled ; soft-boiled . half-fried , poach-
ed soft-boiled nim’ pukht, >*f£nim'paz

adj. half-baked* not well^cooked (of
egg) parboiled; half-boiled (J^^rdm’-bis'mil adj.
mortally, wounded ni m'-pufrb’tah adj. half;

ripe sjSnim'-tar adj. (joe.) semi-literate c>
nim'-jan adj. half-dead n.m. (fig.) lover
rnm'-josh adj. half-boiled rdm'-frakim' sM.

quack ; charlaton mountebank^U^fc^^
(jL ’oJP’ IbfC nim’-fiaklm’ khat'ra-e jan* ntm'-
mul’la khat’ra-e }man prov. half-knowledge is
dangerous nim-bhab adj. half-ailccpJ/j^r

657

b

nlm'-bhabt n.f. doze drowsiness *>K
ntm'-khabi'dah adj. half-asleep tJjrtfnim' khur’-
dah n.m. remainder of victuals crusts and
crumbs adj. half-eaten < fbtCmm'-Ta’zi adj.
somewhat agreeable half-satisfied nim'-
ras'mi adj. demi official (letter) ; D.O.ji/C n * m "
roz' n.m. midday ; noontide .ii/y mehr-e nim-
roz' n.m. noontide sun nim'-sotjj’ tah adj..

half-burnt nl m'-thab n.f. mid-night

nim'-k&T n.m. worker working with hired imple-,
merits, etc. and paying part wages to owner
nl m'-kash adj. half-drawn agonizing

tiim’-kvsh'tah adj. , half-killed f/et mm'-gar'm
adj. lukewarm nim'-mur’dah adj. emaci-
ated tired; jaded (Cnim’-mul'la adj. half-"
educated n.m. priest with a smattering know-
ledge [P]

vi nim'&ah n.m. dagger ; small sword
(idjLjnlm'djah tan'na (or tol'na) *
brandish the dagger whip out one’s dagger

nfmah pref. half; semi- rfrsJO. ni'ma-as'tin
^ n.f. half-sleeved jacket [P~^ j
ttymi'na n.m. (same as (,‘U adj. *) (dim.
HTof^N.F.) ”

j[nain, n.m., nai'na n.f. eye -sukk

CUn.m. (dial.) a kind of fine longcloth
nain’ gatva'na v.t. lose one’s sight by constant
Bdin-mUl’n a Ai>j. weeping at the smallest

excuse

•Cniid n.f. sleepfU/'jj VU>nlftd’ a’na (or
par'na) v.j. sleep feel sleep(j/

(>U ntttT fi'gjaj (or Br') ja'na v.i. have one’s
sleep driven off ^y'/fj^rAtsd' bhar' so'na v.i.
have a sound sleep nltd' fyiram' kar’na

v.t. disturbed someone’s** sleep l'y l f i 7'X>n\kd'
tfathm! ko'na v.i. be unable to sleep tfxSriilid'
ka ma'ta, (r. Jjl^ niSrf' ki ma'ti adj. sleepy
adj. one who is fond of too much sleep
ntt'deryaft n.m. pl. (nurs.) sleep j^CSriltidoo *n.m.
one fond of too much sleep

ttm'aoo n.m. a kind of embroidered cloth ;

’ sprigged muslin

•'m i

«>e' dal'na v,t.

mjw' n.f. (rare Jj£t&'va n.m.) foundation
lay the foundation-

stone (of)

nijo'ta n.m. invitation

j^tu'vor n.m. wound on hone's knees.

• i n.f. news ^t^ijjCnijmoz’-ejafit ' n.m.
*• new* agerit/r^f/j^ nijeoz'-sjat’s^ n.f. news

agency niyooz'-pe'par n.m. newspaper [E]
*V?ni)ojA' suf. (used in comp.) hearing ; listrn-
C^,ing

iijitiiyo'la n.m. mangoose ;

^•ferret ; weasel

waist [~ prec.j

3 /,

V. T

jrtijo'll n.f. purse

fastened to

nayog' n.m. (Hindu dialect getting insemi-

l a o

nated by a high-caste man with permission
of impotent husband

neh’, iri ru'ha n.m. love nek laga'm
become a lover neh I n.m. lover

PCMXXXXMKX

I

M

MK»sai

thirty-third letter of Urdu alphabet
(equivalent to English v) in according to
jummal reckoning) 6 vowel representing tin
sounds 8, oo or au conj. and vrer. by (God)
va' adj. open pref. & adv. back ; behind
re- ; again separate Z-lsjva'bas'tah n.m.
(pl.^II va'bastagah' dependent adherent
adj. connected ; related bound together
depending on va-bas'tah ho'na v.i. be

dependent (otO be attached (to) be con-
nected (witty^prfjva-bas'iagi n.f. dependence
connection Jfnva'peu adj. back behind
va 'past n.f. return withdrawn U*^u
va' posit) adj. last jtfljfjda'm-o v a' posit n.m. "last
gasp Z4I) va-Tos'lok adj. free escaped
unconcerned va’reu’Ugi n.f. freedom:
liberation unconcern adj.

not in (one’s) senses unconcerned infan ma-
ted distracted, mad va-rafta-miza/

adj. infatuated with love mad careless
vs-raf'tagi n.f. not being in one’s sense
unconcern infatuation distraction ;
madness tfffljva-zhagook' fjjtijea-ijioott' mjjL-
va-zhoo'nah adj. inverted ; upturned per-

verse (if* 1 ; va-zMgoo'rA jjjlj va-zhoo'ni n.f.
inversion perversity va-sohi’t nJt.
disgust genre of poetry expressing chagrined
lover’s disgust with beloved jjkwer’s revolt
va-sokh'toh adj. burnt Wt scjifc'tagi n.f.
being burnt down ; incineration va-^igaf
adj. open adv. openly - without mincing
matters I'Jis ca' kar'na v.t. open jljffj va-gmar'
adj. restored v/jlj/ljoa-gUzar’ kar'na v.t. restore
va-guzash'tah adj. left behind

659

Jb

)A

ward (of city or hospital)

kor't afvar'd

I ft vat d n . m .

^ (someone’s) vv urdl/lj
N.r. court- of wards IE]

rj'ra N.M. quarter, (of city)

n.f. & suf. enclosure

> y vas'tah (ped. va'sitah) n.m. medium
^intermediary a^ent go between

connection concern t‘ /Jzsjitas' lah par'na v.i.

come into contact (with) ms tah pai' da

kar’fia v.i find means of approach establish
contact (with) learn vas'tah de'na v.t.

quote (someone) as intermediary cry for
mercy \dXjJts\3 vas'tah rakk’na v.t. have concern
(with) LrfJtsij vas’tah ho'nd v.t. have anything
to do (with) ; have concern (with) be related
(to) ; be connected (with) bil-vas'tah (ped.

bit vas'itah) adj. indirect Jt^jjl>bi-la-v5s'tah (ped.
va’sitah ) adj . direct (elections) J^istCke vas’le
prep. for ; for the sake of because of ;
on account (of) ; owing (to) in order (to) ;
to the end (that) [A ~ uZblsj]
n.f. waistcoat [E

13

va'se* adj. ample
*of God [k~£^]

this as an attribute

•^jfiva'sif n.m. one who sings praises (of) [A ~

L^va'sil ADJ. joined to n.m. realization ; rcaliz-
4/ (Jed amount of revenue Jl itfjva'sil-ba'qi n . f .
revenue account ; revenue receipts and arrears
{/zj&hirtjva'sil-ba'qi-navis' n.m. revenue official
minor keeping an account of receipts and arrears;
revenue accountant ba-haq' hu'm

v.t. die ; enter the kingdom of heaven
vasilat' n.f. proceeds (of estate, etc.) ; mesne-
profits revenue receipts (from an area) [A ~

cM>]

*0, Va'ctht adj. evident ; clear ; apparent
fy ! * evident ; obvious manifest
va'zeh fa' he (or ho) be it known that whereas
now (that) Vs&l>va'z*h kar'na v . t , clarify
point out

raze’ n.m. one who lays down, (law)
C/13 maker ; givpr ; .establisher
qanooii n.m. law-giver , law-maker ; legislator
1*~&1 •

jgf'vdT'iz n,m. (pi.. yfiPutia'Uin') preacher;

^^sermonizer (A- &,]

J r a'/fr ADJ. ample ; copious , plentiful ;
' Kabundent [A~ jJ> j

Jiy

va'fi adj. enough ; sufficient ; adequate
entire ; complete [A - )

J) i <a'qe‘ adj. happening ; occurring be-
& * falling adv. situated; situate (jf^bva’qe’
meh &W$fil-va'qe' adv. actually, really; in
reality ; in fact bat' yek'

hai ph. the fact of the matter i&byfgljva'gS ho'na
v.t. happen ; occur befall^[^pa'j«‘i adj.

real actual factual adj. really ; in
reality ; in fact ; truly ; certainly mT. really
(A* tj > }

va'qe’ah N.M. event ; incident happen-

ing ; occurrence (arch.) news , intelli-
gence fact of the matter (jij^/bia qe'a-naiAs’
n.m. (arch.) newswriter &[ialsv&’ q/a? n.m. pl.
events ; incidents happenings ; occurrences
circumstances tf&ljva’qe'ati adj. circum-
stantial (evidence) [A - prec,]

£ vaqif adj. acquainted (with) ; aware
fJ(of) knowing ; conversant (with)
W'ell-informed well-posted sensible ex-
perienced n.m. one who makes an endow-
ment ; donor of trust appropriatorc^Cs^
va’qif-e hai adj. & n.m, (well-informed per-
son) (one) who stands seized of the situation
Va’qif-kar’ adj. experienced , skilled ,
expert well-informed vaqif iy’yat n.f.

acquaintance knowledge information
experience skill llfljs vaqif iy’y at pat’ da
kar’na s. form acquaintance (with) acquire
knowledge (of) [A]

^ AD 1' ^ F- ra ’fy belonging to; hail-
•' 'ing from doer ; maker keeper ; owner
seller ; vendor Jljval suf. (col.) hailing
from in the style current b

fa 'la adj. (of rank) high ; eminent ; exalt-
ed; sublime tifi}ij^\zj 3 h',C^Ubva’la mar-
tabat adj. exalted (in rank) (J&ilUva’la-shan adj.
eminent ; dignified va'la-qad'r adj. highly-
esteemed v L'DIj va la-na’mah n.m. superior per-
son’s letter sfjp’ytj va’la-nazhad’ adj. of noble
birth i^Siiilfva'la-him’mat adj. courageous fFJ
| it valid n.m. father va'lidah N.r. mother
V" * JJbHalidairi n.m. father and mother ,
parents (A- wjjbj

la'lattiydr * n.f. volunteer , a£j**(* va'labfiyar-
/^i^kor' n.f. volunteer corps |E]

Ll vail ah int. by God

d* W a l 'lam bis-savab' ph. Chad* knows (the real
facts) (A]

[ /Iva’/f^ADj. distracted with kwe ; madly in
W ’3 love sUbvaleha'noh adj. ft adv mad with

Xove'-^L^'iUb vahha'nah ‘atfl'dal n.f. great devo-
tion [A]

H.M'/In.m. prince governor

V * e8'/l va'rir n.m. supporter guardian

(A

/ earn n.m. loan debt Qjfltvsm le'na v.t.

| l^v.T. borrow fbjpjqaa'l cam kar'ns v.i.
borrow [F] '

V M'mtf n.m. lover name of legendary
Wl^Arab heroine Azra’i lover [A]

1 <i vak adv. (poet.) there thither at
C'^that place (A ~ cont.)

|^yww sur. (dial.) proceuor (of) [8]

s < tm"o n.f. name of letter Jd’ltjlj va”vt'a'tifah
3 ' * n.f. conjunctive Jsfffbva’v-t majhool’ n.f.
sounding like o Jjuu^SIj va’ct ma'doo'lah n.f.
quiescei t va'vt ma'roqf' n.f. preceded

(£)

ii . I . taw'/a (ped. ca-vai'la) n.m. lamentation ;

■ " be wailling int. ala* ; ah [A ~ 0 + J j ]
j oak int. excellent ; exquisite bravo ;
d -' well done n.m. praise joyful
vah' rt int. strange ah^r^t/J/jpaA' kya'
bat ' km ra. (praise or irony' * onderful ofi/ob
■ah' kya' kaih'na ph wonderful ; excellent,,'), t lj
■•h' vak' (col. vak'va) int. bravo ; excellent n.m.
praise ovation

L ^joa'hib adj. generous ; munificent [A]

va'himoh n.m. hallucination (A ~ ]

* va'li adj. silly ; nonsense crazy
i-t vagrant tfU oath, taba'hi adj. silly ;
nonsensical llftfUp&b oa *** tuba- hi bok'na v.t.
talk nonsense ; to' use foul language
vote taba'hi fkir'na v.i. tramp ; move about
aimlessly

^ i vahiyai' adj. silly ; nonsense [A ~ sing.

j^ ra'V int. (lit.) alas fie [A]

i vaba' n.f. epidemic ; plague ; pestilence I'llj
;J(CLrfi/Mba a’na (or phail'na) v.i. (of epidemic)
spread fib vaba”i adj. epidemic ; pestilential
omraz' n.m. epidemic; diseases [A]
it cabal' n.m. visitation burden
wr nuisance vexation vaba'l-e jan' (or

;»*'). ADJ. nuisance [A]

*'’• va’yar-lais n.m. & adj. wireless [E]

cA,

va’isra’i n.m. viceroy (EJ

va’elin n.m. vioilin (E)
voi lad n.m. (PL. jCj 1 aulad') pcd. fin pro-

sody) three- lettered word [A)
va'tat n.m. string (of bow) chord
hypotenuse of right-angled triangle
diagonal (of a quadrilateral) [A]

. S * cali'rah n.m, manner ; behaviour f A )

P vi'tamin n.m. vitamin (E)

dFS

mm **
&>

importance

vasa"iq n.m. (pi.. of^i*> vasiqah) bonds:
(✓ written agreements ; pronote

pBs ooq' n.m.' confidence reliance
Jt^tc P°o’ff vtissoq' st p«. with full
confidence pasi'qah n.m. (p£. ^jV»vasa"xq
deed bound written agreement jlj
vast qa- dar' n m. bondholder govern-
ment pensioner > vast' qa-navis' n.m.

deed writer (f^j ) vast' qa-nav\' st n.f. deed-

writing [A]

•* va Ja'hat n.f. commanding (male)
personality dignity

[A ~ ]

va'jab n.f. (rare) span (AJ

• •

vaj'd n.m. ecstasy ; rapture ; transpor
fit of religious frenzy (vTrft jvX'f
vaj'd kar'na (or mtk a'na) v.t. be enraptured
dapce in a fit of religious frenzy vaj'd

mtk /a’na v.t. enrapture (AJ
. il # vijdan' n.m. intuition At^j vijda'n I
UN?* adj. intuitive (A]

vaj" n.m. pain; acheJ-'tUf^p vaj"-ul-
Gv tnafa'sil n.m. gout ; rheumatism [A]
vujoob' n.m. necessity , obligation
*r^ADj.^(Aj

v'jood ' n.m. existence essence ,
>Z> being body (I'bjPLjilsfJ cuiood' pa'na
(or mtk a'na) v.i. be bom come into
existence c jood' mtk /a'na v.t. create

procreate ** bring into existence if>?j

v ijoo'di adj. existenialist <■£/»%* v'joodiy'yat n.f.
existentialism (A) *

m vaj'h n.f. (pl. tfj vUjooh' double pl.
• ' oujodtat') reason , cause

basis means n.m. (pl. o&jooh', jrj I aujohj
face uqj'h-e tds’miyah n.f. basis of nomen-

clature j?j caj’h-e ma'ash' n.m. means of
livelihood vaj'h-t mUvqj'jah n.f. cogent

reason or argument (AJ

vajlh' adj. man with a commending
personality (A-

**| vahda'ni adj. unitary showing
oneness j bi^khutoo' t-e vahda'ni n.m.

parenthesis iSsltrrvahdzmy'yat n.f. unity (of
god-head) the belief in the unity of God
[A- jrb ]

„ vah'dat (or vaxtf-) n.f. oneness; unity
unit one-unit jjpJI&jifj vah'dat-ul-
vujood', v~ijood' n.f. unity of

existence; pantheism 3 ?S &jr»vai)i dal-t shohood'
n.f. unity of divine manifestation ; patheism
( J t> t vaih'dat-e Jik'r (or khayal') n.m.

community of ideas community of

interests [A]

Mi /•%![ I vah'da-hoo la shari' k{a la-hoo’) ph .

He is alone and has no partner;

God

vah'sh n.m. (pi. vokoosh’) wild beast
(✓ ' iff?* trah’sh-o-tair’ n.m. beasts and
birds (AJ

„ vaih'shat n.f. (or ped. vah-) n.f.

* * wildness savageness ferocity

fear; dread; horror y? £&>vaili's]iat-a'sar,j/‘i<zzJP}
vaih'shal-atigez', vaih'shat aloo’d{ah)

iS&^i vaibt' shatnak’ adj. shocking fright-
ful ; horrible ; horrid dreary desolate

( 1^*1 ) O/iZ&Svaih'shat ba'rasna (or ta'pakns ) v.i.
be dreary vath'shat-za'dah adj. aghast

horrified I’jf cJ&vaih' shai ho' ns v.i. be
shocked be bewildered be horrified ; owing
to loveliness

vaih'sH (ped. vah-\ n.m. wild beasts

0 P brute savage adj. wild untam-

ed ferocious cruel uncivilised tf'Pi
vohoosh' NJL (PL. of N.M. if) JA~ ]

if> vah'y (or col. va'fft) n.f. revelation [AJ

valid' adj. alone singular in-
comparable unique nonpareil

I jjrj vahi'd-Ul~ l as'r n.m. non-pareil [A~
jeb 1

/ tadad' . n.f. friendship love j»»

) ^ vadood' adj. friendly loving N.m.

this as an attribute Of God [A]
a. f vada" n.m. farewell; adieu £,(,>/ al-uada 1 ’
int. & nji. good-bye : farewell ;

adieu [A] -

| vidk'va n.f. (dial.) widow [S]

/

1 vid'diyn n.f. (dial.) (same as t> n.f. ★ )

kyjf

i uadi' 'at n.f. deposit ; trust

tad Vat kar'na v.t. entrust bestow

loving N.m.

l‘y, iZ^sjvadV'al ho’na v.t. be given ; be entrust
ed [A}'

vaT PREF. having ; possessing IP]

, cars' adv. behind beyond be-
sides [A]

vira’sat n.f. _ inheritance heritage;
" legacy v vira'sajt na'mah n.m. deed
of inheritance vira satan adv. by inheritance
[fj ) vorasa' (wrong but usual form for
varasah n.m. heirs successors legatees
Zjl vir'sah Nja. bequest ; heritage ; legacy (A)
far'd n.m. (rare) rose [A]

vir'd n.m. daily round of prayer or

yj) recital daily recital daily practices ;
something repeated daily tfl'jtj* vir’d-e zabah'
adj. known by heart oir'd-e zabatf

ho'na v.t. have by heart ;• / tJ f vir'd kar'ita v.t
repeat (prayers, etc.) [A]

var’di n.f. uniform ; liver (arch.)
reveille (arch.) retreat (arch.)

report (by army scout or spy) H\£tf*** var’dt
baja'na v.t. sound reveille or retreat
var'di bol’na v.t. (of spy or scout) report
. var’zisft n.f. physical
U exercise . athletics
gymnastics \;f var'zish kar'ita

v.i. do physical exercise »1
var'ziib-gah n.f. gymnasium 4/^ w

var’ziM adj. athletic (body) n.m. athlete [P ~
practice ; exercise] ^

JlJJb var ' ta h N,M- whirlpool aar’ ta-e

hai'rat met par'na v.i. * be bewildered
be at one’s wit’s end [A]
r, va'ra 1 n.f. abstinence ; continence [A]

vdrghala'na v.t. entice ; seduce ; m-
veigle coax ; cajole ; wheedle

provoke or incite (against)

•* va’raq n.m. (pl. $\j»\ auraq'f leaf
0 ^* leaf (of book) foil (gold or silver)
leaf ( kj&OJJ va'raq v'latna (or pa'lauia) v.t.
turn a (new leaf) Jjjva'raq u'latye (or

pa'latye ) please turn over P.T.O. j\sqj> va'raq*
saz' n.m. one who beats gold or silver leaf ; leaf-
beater (Sj tj;> va'raq-sa'zi n.f. leaf-beating
kf/ Jjj va'raq koot'tia v.t. beat (metal) into
leaves vj'jb/jj} varaq-garda'ni kar'na v.t.
skip over (a book) turn leaves (of a book)
J <Jj) va'raq-e gul n.m. petal j'jj vara’qah N.M. a
leaf (jjj va'raqi (col. var'tfi ) adj. leaf-like
leaved [A]

X

662

J / *vrSk n.m. work ,yj) v arks' n.m. works
J) U

jt~( . nark' -shop n.f. workshop [E]

0

var'kihg kame'u n.f. working com-

mittee {EJ

ia' ram n.m. (pl. (b) I auram) swelling
inflammation L'/'ffjJ va'ram kar'na v.t.
cause an inflammation [A] ^

var’r.ah adv. otherwise [P~ j -j- Jl + > ]|

j liyw} y't/fz-'jJ) va$'re (hUrtlti sjtaik’r-ya're
diUn&i' prov. like man like master Ctj IJj vita rat
n.f. 1c [A]

visa'dah n.m. (rare) bolster (A]

ji

swell

vurood' n.m. coining arrival j
uuroo'd-e mas'ood' n.m. auspicious |
arrival (fig.) birth (A]

vara adv. beyond save ; except [A]

j va're adv. on this side (of )

' this end (of) jjjs var'la

vasa'tat n.f. means mediation

medium ki vasa'tat se ph.

through [A ~ Jy) )

— vasa’mal

U^l/i

( Jii/9

★ IA]

n.f. beauty ^"J'adj. & n.m.

(PL. Of ✓/) N.M. If)

means

this .one
end

the one on this

at ]

adj. this
side or at the near

XJi

varid' n.f. (pl. Q jjl an'ridah ) vein [A]

’il n.m. pl. resources

) (jf qau’mi vasa”il ph. national

resources [A ~ sing. tr'A

(or iji ) vara.' n.f. people ; creation [AJ Jy'j

vas't (rare va'sat) n.m. middle ^ ke
vas't men adv. in the middle of
among ; amongst ^3 vas'ti adj. middle
central intermediate vus'ta adj. middle;
mid [A]

vtts‘ n.f. (rare) expanse [A]

^ i. vita rat n.f. ministry tZ>lfiii>l^jtfnza'rat-e \
ittela'al' n.f. ministry of information
■fj U (j/ij £/j I'jviza' ral-e (umoo’r-e) kharijah n.f.
ministry of external affairs ; foreign ministry
C>j I? viza'rat-e tija’rat v.t. ministry of trade
and' commerce ; .commerce viza’rat-e

ta'lim' n.f. ministry of education^tiUj.i'fXSi//,^
idza'rat-e khiza'nah (or maliyyat') n.f., ministry
of finance ; finance ministry yJ’fj vita'rat-e

da'kJiilah v.t. ministry of internal affairs' ; home
miuistry £, \}> IJj viza'ral-e difa' n.f. ministry
of defence jzS'} J j£>jtj3viza'rat-t zira'at n.f.
ministry of agricultu re !/> viza'rat-e son' 'at

n.f. ministry of. industry ; industries ministry
(1JI} tlsjljr viza'rat-e qanotn' law ministry (JL&jIJj
vita'rat-e mat' n.m. revenue ministry
viza’rat-e m*asalat' n.f. ministry of communica-
tions ; communications ministry [A)
tij vBcara' n.m. (pl. of yjj n.m. 1c)

i 'az’n n.m. (pl. (jtjil auzari) weight
weighing (of verse) metre
vain kar'na v.t weigh vaz'n ho'na v.i.

be weighed be heavy be weighty j

vaz'n-d&r, "Jjj vac' n't adj . heavy

weighty {AJ

/*« va ?i^ N,M ' ^ PL ij ' 3 p “* ara ) minister
m vazir-e a'zam n . m . prime minister,-

premier Ij* ,j>Jj vacs' r-e a"lo n m . chief minister

range

dimensions
wealth [AJ

vBs' l at n.f. extent
amplitude
area span

expanse

breadth

means

vis'ki n.f. whisky [E]
vt'sal n.f. whistle [EJ

hairdye hair darkener

indigo leaves as such

vas’mah n . m .
indigo

v as'mah laga'na (or kar’na) v.t. dye hair (of one’s
head or beard) black [A]

vasvas' n.m. apprehension ; lurking
t/ * fead superstition distraction
evil suggestion tempter ; devil {f it's vasva'si
adj, apprehensive ; superstition yy* vas’vasah
n.m. lurking fear evil suggestion temp-
tation [A]

carl' adj. spacious ; extensive
vast" -ul-ikhtiyaf ADj. enjoying ex-
tensive powers high powered JPi^jvasl"
un-na’zar adj. broadminded ; magnanimous
breath of vision ' / & l £fjvasi-Un-na'z/n% n.f.
breadth of vision bn»dmindedness; magnani-
mity [A -

I. vasi'lah n.m. (pl. JL^3 vasa”il) media-
tion support , intercessor (one)
who recommends or will speak m favour of
means of approach to ; means resource
*■»'/«* pat' da kar'na v.t find out

&

663

**>

means of approach (to) [AJ

vasim' adj. handsome [A -

lash suf. resembling ; like ; -ic va'sht
Lr\* suf. ness ; likeness [P]

V/ vish’noo n.m. (H. dial.) God the creator
Jr * Vishnu & v aish'noo n.m. Vishnoo’s
worshipper vegetarian [SJ
A, !» vishvssh n.m. (H. dial.) trust ; faith
U \3T> belief [S]

, . visit' n.m. meeting ; interview
{Jv** sexual intercourse. death (usu. of a
saint) union (with God) CtfSjjLtjvisal' ho
ja'n a v.t. die ; pass away unite with, God

meet ; have a meeting [A ~ ]

I | ^ vasa'ya N.M. (pi • of c^f 3 n.f. *)

** # * ras'f n.m. (pl.^u^i ausaf) quality

virtue ; merit attribute ; epithet
description praise ; encomium; eulogy [A]
ip vas'l n.m. (rare vas'lat) intercourse
(J* / union joining meeting; interview
tyrtKr vas'l ho' ni v.t. (of sexual intercourse)
take place be joined (to) [A]
t yg vas'li n.f. pasteboard (used) as support
{y * for paper while writing thick paper
for practising calligraphy on it (,(/"#( /J^vas'li
j ty&h' kar'na v.T. write and over write on the
same sheet to practise calligraphy [prec.J
/ „ vUstiol' adj. & adv. receiver n.m.

{/Jr* receipt (ped.) realization collection ;
recovery (rare) arrival vdsoo’lr n.f.

receipt realization ; collection ; recovery [A]
if* va’si n.m. (see under n.f. if)

vasiyyat n.f. (pl. {,{/>> vasa'ya) will ;
testament (rare) advice ; word of
advice ; counsel vasiy'yal kar' na-\ .7 .

draw up one's will leave by will ; bequeath
(rare) advice counsel vasiy'yal- ha mah

n.m. will -testament ^ vdsi n.m. (pl.i
ausiya') executor lagatee [A]

„ • vaza'fya n,f. clarification clarity;

lucidity yf&r&j vazfhat kar'na v.t.
clarify ; explain g u va’zth adJ. if [AJ
J& vaz 1 ' N.F. (pl. Z,i/,iauza' 1 ) style

Cy y fashion behaviour manner; procedure
attitude deduction _ delivery laying
down coming vaz" bddalna v.t.

change one’s mode attitude or behaviour
vaz'‘-e from' l n.m. delivery vaz“-

dar' adj. formalist ' stylish elegant '■
(one) sticking to one’s mode, attitude or be-

haviour ( fj\ J cfjvaz' i -di'tl n . f . style for-
malism elegance sticking to the last one’s
mode, attitude or behaviour (jr&woza qat"
n.f. style mode vaz?‘ kerne, v -,t.

deduct ; subtract coin (word, etc.) d(Si
pa's-e vaz’* formalism i (fj’ki&sh-oaz" adj.
stylish fashionable elegant [AJ

vu* zoo n.m. ablution

vu' zoo ta'zah

kar'na v.t. perform ablution
before there is need for its renewal
l’j j/Jrj vu' zoo tor’na v.t. do some-
thing necessitating renewal of
ablution j^yvi'zoo foet’na v.i. be need for

renewal of ablution vi'zon

that' da (or dki'la) ho'na v.i. lose one’s enthusiasm
_ Jp. vazooh n.m. clearness ; lucidity

U ,‘ " clarification [A doublet of* 3 ^}

vazi* adj. mean ; low ; base ignoble
Aari' $-o-vaz>" n.m. pl. high and
low ; noble and ignoble [A]
h va'tan n . m . motherland , fatherland
iy " country native country ; native land
land of birth va' tan-paras' t n.m. gatriot

va'tan paras' ft n.f. patriotism^ ^ 'V'
va tan-dush man n.m. traitor J^^jidtan-
dush'mani n.f. treason kam-vdtan n.m.

compatriot ham-va tani n.f. belonging to

same country va'tan 1 adj. country

made [A]

N “- ( pu of ★)

^ ^ vat'y ns. copulation (by male) [A]

« L* va&’Jah n.m. (pl. vaza’'if)

* scholarship fellowship stipend

function daily round

of

(lit.) pension
practice or recital incantation^lj^iJ^ vazl'/a-
dar n.m. scholarship-holder stipendiary
pensioner ( Ce>yl j vazi'fah kar'na (or park'na)
v.t. repeat incantation [AJ

vd'dah n . m . promise assurance
^ * C*pJ7ojtJ va"dah a' pa'kBt&'na v.i. (of
time of death) approach 0 va l 'dah tat na
v.t. evade ; procrastinate ; dilly-dally ; shilly-
shally Ho ojfj va" da-khilaf , vd'da-

shi'kan adj. & n . m . (one) who goes back on his
word fitfo mj.j va''da-khila'fl, va"da-

sjti'kam n . f . going back on one’s word
va" da-far amosh' adj . & n . m . (one) ^ who fails
£ to keep one’s word va"dorfaramo'sht

n.f. failure to keep one’s word eifcj fata* da-
mo' af gavah' n . m . approver va"dah va'r.d'

664

n.m. promise prevarication [fjejfj va"da-
vafa adj. true to one’s words V J /'{fjojfyva , 'da
; afa' kar'nct v.T. make good one’s word [A]

va'z n.m. (pl. Jgf'iy. mass’ ‘iz) sermon ;
Jr* homily. \pfb?}va''z kar'na v.T. deliver a
sermon vtf'z-o nasi'J/at n.m. wise

wise counsel sermonizing [A]

\\CiS> sa ‘ alai' kum-us-salam’ n.m. and peace
«* " be on you ; formula in reply to
greeting [A~ j + J* + { +
a. va'id' n.m. threat [A]

"•A

ragha' n.f. war ; battle ; enagement [A]

v, vaghai'rah adv. etcetera; etc., and 50
^ forth ; and others [ A ~ >s 4- + 0 ]

1 * m/2' n.f. faithfulness ; fidelity ful-

filment sufficiency vaf a' -paras’ t,

vtifa-pe’shah t j0>[tJwJa'-she l ar', Hj
vafa'-pesh’ adj. faithful ; sincere ; loyal
vaf a' - paras' tl, (fzTv' 1>J vafa-pe’shagi v'afa-

she'arl (J-z l}j vafa’-ke'shi n.f. faithfulness ;
fidelity loyalty constancy jhiisvafa’-dar'
a of. faithful constant loyal (fjb\ij
: uju\dari n.f. faithfulness constancy
loyalty \ff\it vaf a' -kar’na v.T. be true or faith-

ful (to) be loyal (to) fulfil (promise)
(rare) suffice (A]

« I* . vafat’ n.f. death ; demise 0(v £01
tari’kh-e vafat’ N.r. date of death
death chronogram L'lcVt?-* vafat' fm'ns v.i. die ;

pass away [A]

•* * vifaq’ n.m. federation (rare) agree-
ment ; concord Q it > Hi bala vifaq' n.m.
confederation vifaq' n.m. sub-fede-

ration $ffB**iUiqJk n l vifaq' n.m. .. zonal

government cZf'fovifaqiy'yat n.f. federalism
*S5>(/N. F. ★ [A]

* sqf'd N.M. (pl. j}j vu food') delegation

-45 > deputation [A]

«•! i<j/'y n.m. accordance bar vaf'q ph.

in accordance (with)

.* . riifoar' n.m. plenty ; abundance ; pleni-
^ tv.de

jT* vaqar' n.m. prestige dignity _
Jv* rare) gravity (of manner, etc.) j$j l
ha-v,\qar' , j\f^jipikT-vaqar‘ adj. dignified [A]
iff* laqa'e' n.m. annals events; occur-
fjvi r ciicfs (arch.) news ; intelligence
i<j£} i> Jp^'jraqa'i'-nigar' (or navis') n.m.
annalist despatch writer correspondent
J>\, -N M. ★ [A - S1N0. sJlfj ]

vaq't n.m. (PL.iZ>\fjlcuqZl') time
hour opportunity respite season
adversity ; hard times vaq't bs-vaq't

ADV^at all times ; in season or out of season
■CtJZPf vaq't par adv. on time ; in time, on time
of need ; when there is need for it t* I
vaq't par kam a'na v.T. stand by in time of iieed
c h 24 r^‘ vaq't par ga'dke ko bki

bap’ bana' t. iiaih pxov. bow down before the
fox in season I'JjloAj vaq't par'nu v.T. be faced
with adversing stand in need
C^/tSjf-vaq't pare par ja’niye ko bai’ri ko mil’
pRov. adversity is the best judge of friend and
foe Gr Jkc*; vaq’t tang’ ho’na v.i. for (some-
thing) be very short \fvZJs vaq't ka pabaftd’
adj. punctual vaq't kat’iia v.T. pass

one’s days in trouble pass away thc..time
vaq't kko'nz v.T. waste time
vaq't ko ghanl'mat jan'na ph. make hay while
the sun shine make the best of an opportunity
vaq't kt vaq't adv. in the nick of
time at the eleventh hour i£pj Jjl’na'zTik vaq't
ph. critical time or moment Qlf'&zcaq't nikal'na
v.T. find time (for) ; take time (for^something)
off one’s duties vaq't ni'kal

ja'ta hat bat' rath ja'ti' hai p*Rov. difficulties get
resolved with time, but people’s harsh treatment
is never, forgotten vaq't vaq't ki
rag'ni,(Jtj/c-hc^i vaq't vaq't ka rag' pr'ov.
modes of life suited to one stage are out of tune
with another*iV vaq'tan fa-vaq'tan adv. from
time to time ; occasionally ffj vaq'ti adj.
provisional transitory ephemeral
vaq'ti taur par adv. for the time being [A] _

£ vaq’r n.m. dignity ; prestige vaq'r

/ ' pa'rta v.i. honour va'qr kho’na v.T.

suffer a blow to one’s prestige [A doublet ofjljj]
".tit *3 vaqis' 'ala' haza ph. and so on

w>

**

— * vaq'at n.f. honour; respect prestige

lZ** 7 P c/) oaq"at rak&'na _v.i. command

respect ; enjoy prestige vaq‘‘at kko'na

v. lose respect or prestige

vaz" adj. weighty (remark, problem

etc.) [A]

^ M?/N.M.(pr.J»lw(^?a/') trust endow
* ment foundation fer public charity

devoting (one’s life, etc. to) stop punctua-
tion mark V/ vaqf kar'na v.t. make an
endowment endow (property, etc.)

vaq'f-t la’ zjm n.m. eompulsory stop vaq'J-

na'mah n.m. trv‘ deed deed of endow-
ment [Aj

<565

f‘

f, ,, »*?«>" N.M.

a vaq'fah n.m. interval pause [iL ~

occurrence (of something)
being ; existence situation
vjqoo : '-e jur'm n.m. commission of a crime
l » c/tfe/* vUqoo" meft ana v.t. happen; occur
viqoo" N.f. frJjjf mahal'l-e

vuqoo *' n.m. situation (of a place) vuqoo' l ah
n.m. accident criminal act ; crime [A]

. - *2 vuqoof n.m. sense understanding

* discernment wisdom (lit.)

standing o>// be-v&qoof adj. fool senseless
person (A]

y AD J- (see under n.f. ★)

/.V vakalat, (or vika'lat) n.f. legal
W/J practice advocacy proxy I'JlzdlfJ
vakalat kar’na v.t. be or become a legal

practitioner ; practise at the bar plead ;

advocate [A1 vaka'lat-na'mah n.m. power

of attorney fa vaka'latan adv. by proxy «K4.
vakil n.m. (pl. fk (j vukala') lawyer counsel
pleader ; advocate attorney (rare)
proxy t>akif kar’na v.t. engage (as) a

lawyer .

hf vi'katt n.f. wicket stumps

vi'kat-ki'par n.m. wieket-keepet^£^££/>
vi' kai-ki' pari n.f. wicket-keeping [E]

, yf vikto'riya n.f. victoria ; a kind of
"JJ' 2 carriage vikto'riya koras' n.m.

Victoria Cross * .

f". va' gar conj. and if va'gar-nah conj.

** otherwise [P~ J ‘4- S+ > )
to Pt/a’ n.f. friendship ; amity [A]

«• ii 4 vila’ dot n.f. birth ; nativity n.m.

★ (A]

<< vila'yat n.f. ruler’s country foreign
land England ; Blighty the' West;
Western lands dominion Kabul as this
government ; control ownership guardian-
ship (rare) friendship saintliness
vila'yat pa' na v.t. become a saint ; be canonized
tfiib uila'yati adj. foreign ; imported n.m.
(f. (fipj vila'yatan ) Briton foreigner Jj

n.m. ir [A]

/ » va'lad (col. p aid) n.m. son; offspring r*i4 jj)y
va'lad-ul-fraram', I’yflJj va’lad-uz-zina 'n .m.
bastard JyJ IjIj va'lad-ul-halal’ n.m. legitimate
son va'lad-ul-haiz' n.m. offspring of sexy

parents (jlU Jj (Jtlifulaii va'lad fulah ph, so-and-
so, the son of so-and-so sdlfjlj valdiy'yai (ped,
valadiy'yat) n.f. parentage [A]

ij val'valah n.m. (pl. [JJt val'oala-ha) en-
V** thusiasm ; zeal ; fervour ; ardour
.1 , va'li n.m. (pl. Uriauliya) saint
V" 7 friend guard ia"n owner (of)

valiy'ySlah n.m. {Pi.Jjjt.lJjIauliya-ullak) saint
jjp (jj va'li-ai'hd (ped. saliy'y-e yok’d) n.m. heir-
apparent ; crown prince oa'li
khatigar (or kkah'gar) n.m. pseudo-saint
va'li,ne l 'mat (ped. valiy'y-e ne‘'mat ) N.V.. (*l.
tZ^^-Ujlauliya-e ne''mdt) patron ; benefactor
OJ b n.f. ★ [AJ.

/ . va'le valtk', (J~!) va-le'kin CONJ,

G 000 * (poet.) but [P~ A >+ ( /\

J noli’ truth n.m. wedding party thrown by
/ V " groom’s family {A]

K sot n.m.. vote yfjj so'tar n.m. voter
^ vo'iifig n.f. voting [E]

i n.m. volt vol'tsj n.f. voltage [E]

. woo* adv. in that manner in that
state

tyyjt ° 00 ' 1 ' d* vU ' i ,MT - ( dia1 *) oh ;

va h 5 nt. bravo wonderful [~ >IJ)

voh pron. he she it they the
^ those v °k atikhfit na’kih ra'/uh

prov. the* times are changed no longer i;
that earlier love evinced ^C(*)JsjDoti to (y<h)
kaihiye ph. it is well that tfjjfebjltfitjooh' din
aur aj r ka dirt ph. never. since jthen ; never after

°° h ' din s a><

jab khalil' khaft fakh'tah ura'ya kar’tt ike PRcrv.
gone is the goose that lay the golden eggs
i j L m vahhab' adj. & NiM. bestower thi
# »* as attribute of God ills oahabi (ped,
vahhabi) n.m. & adj. purist in religion
follower of the Holy Prophet’s Traditions
unorthodox Muslim with a revolutionary
political creed [A ~ nicknamed after 19th century
Arab religious leader Abdul Wahhab)

i rn'hsti adv. _ there thither yon,
Ul* yonder ^rjjyjUyd-Atfz/ijbva'hattgar'dan
ma'riye jahafi pa'ni na mi'le ph. be (etc.) deserves
no sympathy

jt vah'b n.f. giving ; bestowing tfty vah'fa
, ( //adj. bom (poet.) inherent*; inmat
tfrJtff* vah'bi-o-kas'bi ph. inherent and acquir
ed(A] ’

if 0 vaih'm (ped. vah'm) n.m. (pl. fill auham )
\ vision superstition fear ; appre

hens ; anxiety doubt ; misgiving (f/j vaih’m
adj. visionary superstitio'us fearful

666

e fa

if i

apprehensive [A]

(S!>

vah'n N.F.sluggishness ; indolence

vo'ht pbon. the same ; tha* very he
f- 7 himself (etc.)

- t | rikrf n.f. (same as Jy cel n.f. ★ )

im-

<#>

va'/dfi adv. there and then
Ci/ * mediately
j ^ rt' pi n.f. V.P.P. ; value payable post

** vai from, (dial.) they those

6

ved n.f. Hindu scripture(s) ^svedatt'
n.m. Hindu metaphysics Vedanta [S]
void n.m. physician practising Hindu
system of medicine

C vai' dak n.m. Hindu system of medicine

> adj. of this system [S]

^ tlr n.m. (dial.) hero [S]

vai'rg n.m. government goods sold to
public at high rates

9* oairng' jj.m. renunciation of the world .
lJ leading the life of a recluse
vaira'gt n.m. recluse [S]

eiran' adj. deserted depopulated

desolate waste laid waste

ruined; lying in ruins disconsolate (mind, etc.)
Vj'tytJj vi ran' kar'na v.t. ruin lay waste
depopulate vifa'nah n.m, deserted
place desolate place ruins ; ruined place
wasteland j (/(.» PJra'n* n.f. desolation
ruin depopulation (of mind) being dis-
consolate ; wretchedness ; misery

vi'za n.m. visa l>y ci'.ja de'na v.t.
/.«£* give a visa (for) l> J yj vi’za mil'na v.t.
get a visa (foe) [E]
j vair'na n.m. ploughshare

. vai'sa adj, (f. vai’si) such

similar adv. -so in that manner like
that of that kind vai'sa hi ph. similar

in the same manner or state in ‘status
quo’ ; in ‘status quoante’ <=~> vai' st adv.
thus ; in that manner vai' se ka vai'sa

adv. same as before adj. unchanged y vai' se

to ph. short of that otherwise though
if, ^Lj vai'se hi adv. in the same manner
just by chance without any particular object

ui.

free ; free of cost

r vaidt n.m. (dial.) one of the mercantile
class (jeconcd last in the heirarchy of

Hindu caste system
& vaish'noo n.m. (sec under

? n ' m . ir)

J,

like' span n.f. vacation sam or

like’ shan n.f. summer vacation [E]
vail n.m. woe (only in) i } n.m. it [A;

L vel, Jrfj i<ke!, vel

Ls,*, rnachk’ll n.f. whale [E]
vail’kam n.m. & int.

(*** welcome vail’kam kar'na v.t. we.

come [E] '

St»iiflaa

g he thirty-fourth letter of Urdu alphabet
(also called jf ( <£— j; ha'-e hav’vaz) (in nasta'liq)
written as p or as gr or if pronounced alone
or as (called ha'-e do cjiash'mi or

Aa'’-e makhloo’ t-Ut-talaf fuz) when
sounded as part of another consonant (in
junmal reckoning) 5.

1 1 ha n.f. Arabic name .for letter o
X ha'-e do &ash' mi ha'-e makkho't-ul-
talaffuz n.f. (see under o if) s 'j&^ jh
• « . _ .1 _ •

mjkhta'ji n.f. quiescent

_ 'la -e

inserted just to indi-
cate, that the preceding letter bears a vowel sign
ha’-e malfoo’ri n.f. aspirate
* ^ ha stiF. (sign of pl.)-s ; -en; -ren

ha int. (W. dial.) oh ; O

L haboo’ra n.m. (dial.) highwayman

l bugaboo

| hat n.m, (same as A *)

•JJL ha’tif n.m. voice. of_ the unseen
t — oracle angel jj^^^ka'tif-e ghaf'bi
n.m. voice from heaven angel [A]

•VI hath.' (poet! O l hat) n.m. hand
& *> cubtt slap blow stroke (of sword)
hand (in) trick authority \;X jg?\h*1k'
ana y.t. come by ; come to hand be got ;
be gained ; be obtained C&.&fjifiha tk' ufka'
baifk'na v.t. beat get ready to heat
IV \£flJdihatk' utka le'na v.i. reabandon ;
keep one’s hands off ClJflJf^haib Uik-ana v.t.

raise (one’s) hand or hands do so (to greet,
pray or course) beat give up ; despair (of)
tiSf tjStikatk! utk'na v.i. (of hand) be raised
be attacked or beaten (by YfyWjtjgrihdlh!
o’fhhd par'n^ v.i. (of stroke in fighting) go awry;,
graze along oofi'charaih'na v.i.

667

Ji

have the upper hand give (alms, etc. rather
than receive) Ua»>'l iJilhalh' baftdh'na v.t. tie
(someone’s) hands fold one’s hands (to show
respect,. etc.) beg with folded hands £-jL\j(\

hath' bah'dke aDv. respect fully with folded

hands t iqj ath' bah'dke kka're rah'na

PH. wait upon C ^Jithath' ba.d'r.a v.t. help ;lcnd
(someone) any hand or helping hand
hath' barhana v.t, stretch (one’s) hand do
so to get or lift something Of hath'
bik'na v.i be sold out (to) be under the
thumb (ol> be subservient (to) (.’jj- hath'

band' ho na v.i. be poor be helpless
have one's hands lull L'^jJ/^odihath’ bhar poor 1
par' ns v.t. receive blow etc. in full force f

hath' bhar' ja'na v.i. (of hands) be stained or
smeared Unfair l hath' bhai ka adj. a cubit
long (of tongue) uncontrolled (of heart)

brave l i Ji^hath' bhar ki zaban' ho'na
v.i. be cheeky ; be insolent U^r./iithath' bai'hakna
v i. miss the aim , (of hand) falter l
ike) hath' bhej'na v.T send (through someone)
send (ner bearer) {par) hath’ baifh'na

t v.i. become deft or dextrous ; acquire skill (in
some manual work) (J^uV^'^jt^-^hath’ be' (he
"ath Za ,r na'hih be' (hi prov. though a servant, 1
etc.) shall not be abuse CJ 'jb^j^hath' pant le'na
v.t. wash anus after evacuation, lave (j)bJZfl
hath' pa” ofi n.m hands and teet (fig )
helping hand il^-oU^lmth' pa ’oil baejia'na
v.t. protect oneself ; protect one's life and limb
^O^OJjtafihath' pa” oh phool' ja'na v.t be
unnerved have blue funks ; be jittery be
tired ; be fatigued iD?*jjtj*ihaih' pa”olt
phaila na v.i. extend one’s pians or business
begin to show onese! f in one’s true colours
li — hath’ pa” oh tor' kar buith'na v.i.
do nothing to earn one’s livelihood I'J’JcJjiJil
hath! pa”°h tor'na v t. fracture (someone’s) limbs
jh ) Lit hath" pa” oh tooi'na v.i. fed feverish

^—^(jjiJ’^hath 1 pa” on tkati de ho'na v.i.

(of limbs) grpw cold swoon be diging
bfiJjkJfihath' pa” oh ckal'na v.i. be still
strong enough to work be fidgety
bath' pa”cft dab'na v.t. massage by pressing
(someone’s) limbs Clftyj/bjeeihath' pa”ott rath' \
ja'na v.i become decrepit (oflimbs) be j
paralysed Uiepjjjjl^^hath' pa” oh sahbhai'na v.i.
begin to show off become well-developed,
hath' pa”oh st chhooina v.i. be !
eiidelivered of child l’j L uh^hath' pa” oh mar’na
strive ; struggle hard endeavour , make

M

an all out bid to 0 i hath' pa 'oh nikal'na
v.i grow into a strong, body become sauc\
or too independent t'y^ (JjjfJfi ^dth' pa” oh hur ra
v.i (of limbs) be enfeebled ClfuJtbJtfhath
pa 'oti htlana v.t. do something to earn one s
livelihood work bardtlsjljl'hd^Jg'aflhatk
pat'thar tale a'na (or jlab'na) v.i. find oneself
helpless t 'ye^JsS'&LUhath' put'the pat no
rakh'ne de'na v.t. ‘ *(of horse) sky (fig.) be
too clever UlCJ^Jf^hath' par to' ta pal'na v.i.

have the hand wounded have a boil on
the hand *i*pj/* , jS J -f^hath! par^dha'ra ho'na v.i
(of something) be ready C&j ) i<^{ke )hath'
par quran' rakh'na v.t. make (someone) swear by
the Scriptures £/**(£&/£ jifl hath' par gah'ga-
ja'li dhar'na v.i. (dial.) swear solemnly £ [sJZfl
hath' par hath dhar' kar baith'na v.t.
sit idle do nothing to earn one’s livelihood
have a slump in business Sit? j[ hath'

par hath' rakh'na v.T. promise , assure
hath' par hath mar'rta v.t. put one’s band into
that of another bet thus assure thus Ctpji rf
hath' par'na V.I. come to hand ; conic by
be hit by hand be robbed L'yl ■Jjet[ksih
posar'na v.t. beg; beg alms t'^f'jf^hath' ’pa'kar'tm
v. help support 'cause to desist ;

[ withhold 1'yi.lyJJffhath' poo'rp par'na v.t. assault
with full force 0$%Je(lhath' pahui)(h'na v.t.
have access (to) L^gJZlhath’ pher'na v.t.
fondle; caress cheat tob L lUcj at. ’£ hath'
phaila ha v.t. beg, beg for alms UXii*ifJjl!;z;h'
phefik'na v.t. wield sword (etc.) l‘ J /'2L^^k u ih
pi'le kar'nu v.t. get (a girl) married £ hath'

I tak'na v.t. depend on (someone) for sub-
sistence look up to (someone) for support
LjTu-AsJerthath' tahg ho'na v.i. be poor ; b# Strict
up (y?jt Jfihalh’ tootefi int. vfjpjfi hulk jo. hu
v.t. fold (one’s) hand entrea t ; cm piece

hath' jor' kar kaih'na v.t. say uijh
folded hands ; say humbly VdleSj yti\ hath' j.b a'/ &
v.t, give a jerk one’s hand give a biov.

give bestow empty (one’s) hands of money Le_
disappointed U&oeTjZl hath! jhajakna v.t. give.
a jerk to one’s hand free one’s hand Lj la? or!
hath' jhula'na v.T. wave the hands sideways ir?
walking J ha th' jkJUlh”i n.f. safe pasi»g«.
money realized by government , landlord or
highwaymen C*s+ hath' jhoo' fa par'na v.i.

(of blow) not to be struck in full force Vj£>&£i
hath' jhooja kar’na v.i. east just a little (fttfSt)
hath' &alal\ n.f. thievishness (of child)
strong figiiting l‘/'Jt)U2'thath (jtala'ki icr'r.a

668

Jt

v.t. fight thus strike steal hath'-

ekark'ra v.T. & i. gaim ; come into the hands
(of) be overpowered (by) hath-chaiana

v.i. strike move (one’s) Hand’s swiftly
llourish (one’s) hands Ofjjr/Aa/S.' chal'na v.T.

(of hands) flourish in talking strike (in
talking, etc. ) C’jrjtii hath' &oom'na v.t. kiss the
hand to show respect I'fpfjZihath' chkura'na
V.T. free one’s hand [hath' dafitotse

katna v . t . rtie ; bitterly feel the consequences of
hath.' dikka'na v. show the hand to
a fortune-teller let the physician feel the pulse
display one’s swordsmanship, etc. trick

(someone) V/fj^^hath dhar'rta v.t. touch

with the hand swear by support select
hath.' dho'na v . t . & i. wash one’s
hands wash one’s anus and hands after
evacuation despair (of) (C£"j ijUJktjPjJkt hulk'
dho' baitk'na (or rakh'na) v . t . despair (of) ; give
up as lost lose all hope (of) L jL
hath-' dho kar (or ke) pi'dlhe par'na r v.T. make
an alUout bid for pursue despite of stiff |
opposition persecute 2\hath' de de

mar'na v . t . continually beat hath' \

.ikh'na v. feel the pulse (of) tell the fortune
(of) depend on (someone) for subsistence look
up to (someone) for support Lij^lhath' de'na
v.t. lend a band or helping hand support
pledge shake hands do so to praise
(of lantern, etc.) pul out (of pox boils) sub-
side (of brokers) strike a bargain with finger

undercover (of grain dealer) shuffle grain
lying in heap 0 }fjg)hatk’ dal'na v . t . take
upon oneself lay (one’s) hand (on) arrest
meddle (with) tinker (with) rape; ravish

Cf'j 2ft hath ruk’na v.i. be with held be
economized hath’ rakh'na v . t . touch

select support swear by C-fjJtl hath.'
raltgna v . t . dize one*3 hands (with henna)
earn a lot take bribe earn by unfair
means id/o 'jjZt hath' raraft' kar'na v . t . gain or
get skill 00)11# hath’ ravah ho'na v.i. be-

come skilful (at). ; attain skill in £/jj Jek^hath'
rok'na v . t . & i. withhold keep back
desist (from); refrain (from) hath' sam'na

v.t smear one’s hands (with)t^ y^ofihath' sir
par rakh'na v swear by the* head (of)
patronize caress ; fondle hath'

iiko’na (oi samet'na) v . t . exercise a keep on
expenditure fojf^£[hath' sun’ hoja'tta, of\
Clsy* hath' so' ja'na v.t (of hand) become stiff
f — Jflhath' sf adv by haqd ke hath' se

£L

ph. through CsjiiftZ^ilhath' seja'ia raih'na v.i.

get out ozone’s hand or control lose an
opportunity , to "be helpless 0,<~.£Lhatk' se de'na
v.t. give bestow give up

hath' se ham’ nikaina v.t. gain a practical
experience of something get it done through
get out of (someone’s) hands ijy as\cs-'a . iff
hath' se hath mila'na v.i. shake hands k/i

hath' se hath' mal'na v.t. wring one’s hands
rue i[?sj~2[huth' sjial' hn ja'na v.i. (of
hand) become senseless through cold (of hand)
be paralized c/jl^ f hath’ saf kar' ha v.t
play fraud upon steal (something or someone’s
belongings) plunder murder practise do-
ing gain skill Zfhath' qabze par dal'na

v.t. be about to draw ’sword fySf hath' ka
jhoo'ta ph. one who does not repay debts
dishonest L_j ‘ g 'J£ [ hath' ka di'yu n.m. alms;
charity \us . \/^.jhath' ka di'ya a're ana
prov. (of charity given earlier) stand in good
stem ^ hath' ku sa^tejia ph. one who
repays* debts on time honest Jyf hath' ka
mail' n.m. (disparagingly) money ; pelf
hath' kati' se nafi’gi ph. (dial.) (of woman) with-
out jewellery c/j d.jjy'JHhath! knnoh par rakh'na
v.t. wash one s hands of ; deny out right
hath' kat' ja'na v.i. (of one’s) hands

be* cut off have signed document curtailing
one’s powers, etc. i j {,'Jjkl hath’ kar’na (or
dikha'na ) v.i. perform a valorous feat make
(sword, etc.) thrust cheat
hath' kati'gan ko a r'si kya prov. as plain as the

pikestaff obvious truths need no proof
0> hath' ko hath' paihehsn'ta hai

ph. one repays him from whom one borrows
ko hath' s'yka”i na de'na
ph. be pitch dark £l£2*\ hath kha'na v.i. be
hit by (sword thurst, etc.) hath! khul'na

v.i. become a bully attain skill in manual
work become rich l hath' khetith'na

v.t. withhold (from) hath' k\ laki'relt

n.f. pl. lines on the palm
hath' kllaki' retina' hih mit'M prov. fate cannot
be changed ilfjiJ&JZajJ^lkjSihatk' (or ha'thofi
ke to'te fir ja'ns PH. be unnerved be flabber-
gasted be nonplussed hath'-ga'ri n.f.

pram ; perambulator hand-driven cart

O.l fiCjZZt hath' ga'le mett dal'na v.T. embrace
V hath' ghisa'na v.i. make useless effort .

waste time and energy hath'-ghisa’t

n.f. useless effort hath' ghahgol'na v.t

stir up (water) shake up (water) thus and

2 \

669

&A

make it turbid ItJsi hath' la, &>!)%[

hath. 1 la ustad' kai’sl . ka'hi ph. come tell me how
much did you 'like the remarks ±X> 21 hath'-
lapak adj. light-fingered knave pilferer
l’$ jZ l hath! lags' na v.t. touch lay hands
(on) lend (someone) a hand meddle (with)
tinker (with) Cihfe-&j?lkatk' loga n t kamkla’na
v.i. be very delicate (jjr jerfhatk' laga"e
mai'ts ka'n$ v.i. be very lair ; be exquisitely
beautiful be very clean yjB hath! lag' nix v.i.

be touched come to hand fall into the
hands (of) (of something) be begin IjlUtl hath,
mar'na v.t. acquire ; illegally pilfer plun-

der usurp strike with sword slay eat
gluttonously Cib 2(i hath' mila'na V.T. shake
hands (with) do so to express agreement ;
close a bargain or begin a wrestling bqut
hath\mol'na v.i. wring one's hands repent; rue
hath' (men) a'na v.i. cqpc to hand
3 hath' me a thik'ra de’na v.t.

reduce (someone) to extreme poverty eZ-jtfJZi
j l SsSsjfyjJ hath! null de ro ' tl aur sir' par
mare joo'tiPKOv. give alms and curSes t '•e&JejZi'l
hath! met rakh'n a V.T possess be able to
influence (someone) hath'

met sa'moriS ba'ghal met ka'tana prov. foul within
fair without l / 'i/'( / 0 jj(j££‘LCZ(jiJZl[hatk' met
le'n a pat' met (dhar') kha'na prov. live from hand
to mouth 0> hath met It'n a v.t. take

up (fig. ^undertake IsjjZIi. CJ zlkattf met hath'
de'na v.T. shake hands (with) give into
the charge of; entrust give away in marriage
(to) ; give (Woman’s) hand (to) JrlAsri.'

met ha'nar ho'na v.i. be a skilled workman
hath' n a a'na v.t & i. not to fall into hands
(of) slip out of the hands (of)* dodge ;
evade hath! no par'na v.i. be out of

one’s reach cff i> 21 hath' i u lag' na v.t. not
to touch > not to beat , not to treat harshly
fr l • *21 hath’ na mfij'tfcl bilbila'a Bf'tki
prov. burning with rage without power to avenge
0j2 i ha'thot n.m. pl. hands adv. with hands
cubits high very high greatly
ke ha'thot adv. at the hands of through
owing to ha'thot hath! adv. from

one person to another swiftly stealthily ,
furtively )jl2t<Jj2{hathot hath Sr' (or
bik!) ja'na v.t 7 find a ready sale ; sell like hot
cakes C* Ijl2ijj2 1 ha’thot hath’ ura' le'na y.T
take away stealthily f <Jy2[ ha'thot hath'
le'na v.t. receive (someone) respectfully ; show
due deference to fit (jrf ha’tha-pa"i vt.i. fight ;

scuffle y/'i A i 2 lha’iha.pa' , t kar'na v.t. fight
ha'iha-Ahatitl N.r. embezzlement
tf\ tirl ha'tha-ha'thS adv, from one person
to another quickly ; swiftly
dfl ha'thi n.m. (r. _

(j X hath'rii) .elephant
hathl pa' 'oh n.m. elephantiasis

oA-V / <Si<f ( l

ha’thi phi're ga"ot ga"ot jis ka’
ha'thi u'si ka na"ot prov. no
matter in whose possession a
property may temporarily rest, its title vests in
the owner tl^yftf'jha'tkl jhod'na v. be very
rich t ha’thSTjkoom'na v.i. (fig.) be
very rich have a grown-up daughter who is
yet to be married t>J*lha‘tkl-datt n.m ivory
lift hathl ka pa’tha N.M. young male
elephant Jjj> if < r * y j*Jj};^(f t iha'Ai ke pa”ot
met sab ke pa" oh prov. ” rich persons contribu-
tion covers that of all everybody is subservient
to a big

ha'thi ke datt' kha'ne ke aur dikka'nt ke aur prov
all that glitters is not gold JV (fil hathi-nal'
N.F. (arch.) cannon

ni'kal ga'yS hai dim' raih ga"l hat prov. we are
at the tail-end of the work l ha' thl-oan

n.m. elephant-keeper . mahout /

£Lj> 'll ha’hi hazar u> bki sa'oa lakh td'ke
ka prov a rich man, even if ruined, has. his
prestige

(tr ha’thi Aok n.m. artichoke ( - E

CORK ]

ha\ n.f market

(ft hajl n.m satirist (A- J?7 )

r s l ha dim n m. one who pulls down a build-
• ing, etc. Csljd fAha’di'm-t lazzat’,*^Ut>Y^
ha'dim-il-lazzai' n.m. (fig.) death (A - (*4 ]

/r f ha'dl N.M. mentor spiritual guide
0*1 Ifj. J>1 hadi-e bar-haq adj tree guide
n.m. the Holy Prophet as such (A - tjf )

I I hsr n.m. necklace garland chaplet
^ * jlf*-* 2 thar' sitgar' n.m. make-up
weeping nyctanthes l>jo/jtha* gootdh'na v.t
string a garland

IJJ hat n f (see under l ’j\ v r. *

ha'ra, ji hat slf, doer one dealing
or working in material
ha'rij adj obstructing (A - |

hi

with pain [ono.]

hs"idro'jan n.f. hydrogen (E]

ijftt hab'ra n.m.

^f V .T.

ij9* 000 t a n.H. ugly person one with
xT* large teeth

hoban'naq, Ijy, hmarinaq adj fool; simple-
U» l ton [A]

^^ y/j kuboob' n.h. blowing (of wind) (A)

- huboot n.m. descent downfall fall
JtJi* (*jibSjhuboot'-e a' dam n.m. fall of
man [A]

hi' bah n.m. gift ; present hi’ bah kar'nS
execute a deed of gift ^ l’ ^ hi' ba-
ns' mah n.m. deed of gift [A ~ >-y?J ]

.t hab'bah dab' bah n.m. rickets

4**71

^ hap ' *?*f*-s*<hap’-hap n.f. gulp sound

"Tjl of toothless person’s voices iJu&iy*hap'
jkap adv. greedily yrfygt ha' par ha' par adv.
(gobble up) gluttonously fb ft-rf hap' kar js'na
v.t gulp down ; gobble <ip l"J \-*r^Jjhap' hap
kar’ns v.i. speak or eat like a toothless person
[y hap’ pa n.m. soft rice jrf hap’po n.f. tooth-
« f less old woman *

/*jl»yhip’nstizm n.f. hypnotism Ll/yl 0 $
I 4 hip'nsts"iz kar' it's v.t. hypnotize [E]

‘hap' poo n.m. (nurs.) opium

671^ aS»g

abuse ; self-pollution hatk'-ka'ti n.f

fencing or cudgelling trick aiming at adversary's
hand tfZ ’whatk'ka'rl, hatha' ft n.f.

handcuffs; manacles tfl&i hatk'-ka'rl lags' ns
v.t. handcuff C& tf£&r u ?hatk'“ka'rl lag 1 ns v.t.

be hand cuffed Jtfhatk'-kal n.f. doorknob

n.m. (usu. in ra. )
tt.r.

sleight of hand trickery, handicraft ( • £ t

contr. ]

handle hand
v.t. pilfer

fall

*r

gasp

- haphaps'ns v.i. pant

L h? > -

^ hat int. be off J cL-s^lhai' te're ki int
be off ; begone ; away ; avaunt mind
you [ono.]

/L ha'tak (ped. hat'k) n.f. libel; demafation
disgrace affront ySum&jhat'k-anuz'
adj. libellous ; defamatory disgraceful
deragatory H-jfj hat'k-e iz'zat ks-

da"v's n.m. libel suit , defamation case 1
I 1 hat'k-t 'iz'zat kar' ns v. defame dis-

grace

~f,katk', hat' pref. hand jlarjlarfhatk'-
& ( Sdksr' n.m. loan advanced or taken without
any security or IOU fli* i'Jt? halh-bah'dhs
ghilsm' n.m. devoted servant atf hatk-pkool '
n.m. a kind of firework (fydfatfi katk phe’ri n.f.

trickery sleight of hand caress; fondling
C/lf^^Thatk' phe'ri kar' ns v.t. defraud
caress; fondle hath.' (hak'ki n.f. hand-

mill adj. given to belabouring

at the slightest provocation i^fd'j^J^^'hath
thhiit mutih'-phat adj. short-tempered ;■ given to
cursing and beating^/ Jtfhath'ra'si n f self-

latch hatk-kak'ds
trickery dr^T hathau'ti, ftyf halau'f I

I hat' da, . hat' ta n.m.

L'jl & hat' As mar' ns
acquire illegally ^ ^£2. hat' As efcark'ns v.i. fal
into the hands (of) hat Ike par An r ,'-

ns v.t. object to something right at the start
I'JaflHZ-Jg hat’ the se B'kkar'ns v.i. be uprooted
be separated (of kite) have its string

snapped be out of joint ( ~ prec.]

♦ ^ hath! Hi n.f. female elephant

W *V> hai'tki n.f. handle rest for band
ySf ha A! yd n.f. small handle [ ~ af\ )

. hatffysr'- n.m. weapon tool
Jyyt Implement instrument equipment

accoutrement jtb J hathysr'~babd ad).
armed equipped accoutred l)

£ UO hatkyar' bshdk'ns (or saj'ns or lags' ns)
v.i. arm oneself 0 l/jU&Thatkysr' dal'na v.i. sur-
render ; lay dawn one’s arms
1*1 ‘net ha Ays’ ns C^haiys'ns v.t obtain by

4 r 7 fraud

hatke'ti, tb*/ hate'll n.f. palm

ty/tPfthrtke'tl par sir rakk'Hs
play ^with one’s life

t’lf J-^/dlrthsAeli par sar'sot jams' ns v.t._
work wonders do something swifUy-^^^7
iyaS ^L-/* hathe'li par sir' li'ye fhir'ns v.i. be
really to lay down one’s

hath/'li ka pkapko'ls (or pko'r a) ph. cherished
grievance (l hatheli kk j js'na (or
salsals'n a) v.i. (of one’s palm) itch (a* augury _of
one’s coming by some money)
hath/' U meh (tor' par'ns vx (of henna) leave some
white patches ; fail to dye whole palm ( - jtt t ]
/y- hatti'ya. L+fy^jlyoo' kattiys n.f. (dial.)
ZT* killing IjC^hattiys'ra ADJ. & n.m. (dial.)
blood-thirsty (person) .[I]
h^hat n.f. stubbornness ; obstinacy t

lap' HI) hat' par s' ns v.i. show obstinacy

be peevishly dkar'tn adj. stubborn ,
obst inate unreasonable J^jii^hat-dkar'mt
n.f stubbornness ; obstinacy unreasonable

v.i.

672

Ok*

show hat' kar'na v.i. obstinacy be

pe5vish hcti'la (dial. hati) adj, (f.

hati' li) stubborn ; obstinate .

rYl>* hat'ta kat’ts adj. (f. (f (S^t hat'tt
i kat'tl) robust ; stout ablebodied
f|> hata'na V.t. remove -push back;
* ^ drive back clear away repel

repulse cause to retreat cause to recede
cause to flinch [ ~ foul, caus.J
i.^, hat'na v.t. get back be driven back ;

be repulsed stop recede flinch
0 (of milch animal) dry up
•irfr hatt'la adj. (see underci*^N.F.^t)

| hija n.m. (also l^'ilm-Ul-kija) ortho-
yl graphy £L hi'je (col. hij'je) n.m. pl.
spelling vj'jid. (t£)(ke) hi'je (or hij'je) kar’na v t.
spell out (a word) [A]

f 1^0 hija n-f. satire lampoon [A doublet

Y‘ <* JT*)

£• hij'r (ped. haj’r) n.m. separation from
/• beloved ; separation hij'r ah n.m. (lit.)

separation [A]

.. g hi j' rat n.f. migration fleeing ; flight
^■^5 exodus flight of the Holy Prophet
from Mecca to Medina (in 622 A.C. the year
from which Muslim era begins) ; Hegira tjyfi
hij'ri adj. of the Hegira (Jyfi^sann-e hij'ri n.m.
Vluslim era ; Hegira era [A-pkf.c.]
ft haj'v n.f. satire lampoon speaking ill
(of) l^hqj'v kar'n a v.t. speak ill (of) i/jfi
haj'v kaih'ns v.t. satirize lampoon fjji
haj'v- go’ n.m. satirist jjt haj'v-go”i n.f.
satire (as a literary genre) satirizing J*,
haj'v-e mat & h.f. irony sugar-coated

satire [A]

hijoom' n.m. crowd ; concourse mob
J X* (rare) assault l’f fjfihujoori kar'n a v.
ush upon ft hujoom' ho' ns v.i. (of crowd)
be

hi’jt n.m. pl. (see under nji. jfr)

T"

2 hi’&armi’&ar n.f. quibbling

prevarication V hi' faar-mi' &ar

kar’na v.i. quibble prevaricate

/** hi'&ak n.f., (^fy hi&ka n.m. jerk
jolt Of? hi' ehakna v.i. (dial.) be iolted
toggle ; hesitate draw back

N - u * kite-string bobbin , spool

, /g, hi&ki&a'na (dial, t y^hifhmi fkn’na) v.i.

hesitate . be in suspense boggle

falter waver shrink (from) ; recoil shy
J^\ffc‘hichkichahat n.f. hesitation ; suspense-

boggling faltering wavering

. /£» hi(hko'ls n.m. jerk
hithko'h ktia'na v.i. jolt

ufthidi'ki n.f. (usu. in pl.) hiccup; hiccough
[yt convulsive sobbing breathing spasm
(U^r* 'ki (or hifh 'kiyat) ana v.i.

hfccup (fig ) be remembered by someone

J ($5 h icjl’ki (or higliki'yat) batik jana
v.t. hiccup kM{0hich'ki lag' na v.i. suffer
from hiccup have the last gasp [ono.]

,W (or \Jj ) hud s' n.m. correct guidance fA doub-
^letof^rU]

\j(j^ had a y a n.m. (pl. of N.m. ★)

*>j hida'yat n.f. correct guidance
^.^counsel of sanity righteous l).iy>it-hida-
yat pa'na v.i. be rightly guided become
righteous *"£ fyhida 'yal de'na (or kar'na)

v.t. show the path of righteousness (a
hida'yat-na truth n.m. guide [A]

..ha'dar n.m, exculpating (someone who sheds
* blood of) (A]

*» ha' daf n.m. butt target bull’s eye

object ; objective (AJ
had'm n.m. razing ; pulling down [A)

(>. had'rajjjiskaid’ra n.m. (dial.)

plight "

hud' hud n.m. woodpecker

hoopoe {A]

» Kad'y n.f. ’ sacrificial animal V 8 ^

0 > 7 taken to Mecca for sacrifice V
during Haj ; pilgrimage victim [A]

„ had'yah (ped. hadiy'yah) n.m. (pl. LJ^ hada'ya )
Z/t gift ; present price (of a copy of the
Holy Quran) had'yah kar'na v.t. present
make a present **(of) sell (a copy of the Holy
Quran) (AJ ^

y had prep, bone n.m. (also Sj> had' da) big

■v bone spavin had 1 haram n.m. & adj.
lazy (person) good-for-nothing . ~ foll.J
^had'di n.f. bone hard inner part or
core (of carrot) had'di pas’li lor' ns,

i-jj jl^had’diyat tor'na v.t. beat black and
blue give a sound beating C {Of jH (fu/j
had'di yot ki mi' l a ho ja'na ph. emaciated

ha'ga prom, (ra^e) this [A]

\-

,1 * hazyari (ped. hagayan') k m
graving A] /

delirium

673

A

* har adj. every each any ^[/fhar ait

A adv. every moment constantly when
ever Air a'l'nah adv. certainly ; indeed
hat' ek adj. each every n.m. everyone
everybody jl/i bar' bar adv. every time "3 j^^r-
ja'1 adv. (of beloved) ; inconstant J..j}^har-
ja’'1-pan n.m. faithlessness ; inconstancy infid-
lity jjfyhar' tkahd adv. although ; though ;
even jfriough howevermuch Jygfhar’ ekatd ke
adv. although; though; even" though Aar'
adv. whatever jlljl^har' foba'dabad'
come what may ; whatever (he consequences
A Jt'cjiA'dtfa&jbo*' die dar ks'n-e na'mak
raft na’mak shud prov. one soon gets absorbed
in the anlie\^^jyfkar'~dil~ , azlz’ adj. popular
lS^^Jfhar'-diU , a&& n.f. popularity har'
dm adv. every moment any moment yf
har' do adj. both ^Qtrfhar-de'gl’diam'&ah n.m.

hangeran one with no fixed principles^*
bar' roz adj. every day

har' roz ‘id' rust keh jml'vs khz' rad ka' se "prov.
one cannot nope to have a stroke ^of. good luck
every time jiJ'jjj Ifj-yCJjffhar’ shab

shab-e bant hainar' roz ro’z-e ‘id ph. ’ happy times ;
palmy days ; halagon days Dy^fonar' fan mm' la
n.m. jack of all trades jjl;
har 1 kas ba-khaytd-t Jjhtsh’ bhab'te da’ rad prov
everyone has a fad (jAnArfhar' ka’s-o-nz-kas
.n.m. everyone high and low ; alt and sundry J/f
i^iyJojlfAhor f ke a’ mad *ima'rat-e ncu ' sskh’t
prov. everyone implements own fad
har' mil' ke bar' ras'me prov. every place has its
own traditions Uifahor' ka'hift adv. everywhere
iti/fhar’ gab' conj. whereas ; since c^har-haf't
#.M. (woman’s) full make-up adv. with full
make-up

f Aar, (f/fiha'rl n.m. name of Hindu god Vishnu
A or Mahadev ; God ; Har KV/fryA/s/
har' ko bhd'je so har' ka ho"e ph. he who worships
God becomes his devotee hot' har maha-

dev n.m. god of gods Har'*(as Hindu war cry)
tyii/thetri bol’ns v.i. (of Hindu) die; pass
away [S]

j.Ha'ra adj. (f. ($/I ha' ri) green verdant

>7 fresh unripe (fruit) raw (wound) (of
debt or value) realised I'yJ^ha'ra ho'ns v.i.
be green be verdant (of wound) become
(of debt or value) be realized (of fpiit)

raw

be yiripc lyf l/fha'ra bha'ra adj. (f. (f/^.lf/jha! r\
bk/i'ri) lush or luxuriant (vegatation) pro-
sperous ; thrieving L>f tS/fjf fa god' ha'ri

bha’ri raih'nz v.i. (of woman) be blessed with

oyt\

children ha'rU&ug adj. ft n.m. selfi
time-server

hit as' n.m. fear ; terror nj(/yfhiras'-z/t da*
adj. terror-stricken 0l^kira'sah adj.
terror-stricken [PJ

hara'na v.t. defeat wont overcome
"yi cause to k*e£~ tVtcAns.]

* l.hiraiid' n.f. tang of termerk tang of

half-cooked stew

1 ihara'vai n.m. ft adj. vanguard ; advance -
Uyt guard

, * har' har najan'na v.i. not to know

v f*AA the difference between two things
A rg * Mr’ pk.tr ke adv. at last ; at length
after all in the final analysis

* h ar’j n.m. harm ; damage trouble

(J//J wastage v/Z^/tkar'j kar ns v.t. harm ;
damage waste tyS'y/bar'j ho'na v.i. suffer

loss ; face trouble £,/ gj /fhar'j-mar'j n.m.

trouble disorder kar j ah n.m. damages
compensation demurrage bar'j ah

t ashkhi s’ kar'na v.t. assess damages

harja'rmh n.m. indemnity damages

compensation demurrage [ ~ prec.]

hir'da (dial.^j*Aa'ru/ai) n.m. heart C
yi hir'da khul'na v.i. (of mind) become en-
lighted [8]

♦ har’zoh adj. absurd; silly . nonsensical
°yi idle vain purposeless her' za-
sara’, j f i'j/j har'za-go' adj. n.m. idler talker ,
foolish prater J \lytj/jkar'za-sara"i ^/eJyfharjz.-
go"i n.f. silly talk ; prate ramble i/iry?
har'za-gar'd adj. roving ; rambling n.m. tramp
(fl/risl har'za-gar 'di n.f. ramble ; roving [P]
^that's n.f. ploughshare

[j^hor'sa n.m. sandalwood abrading stone

V?,

6 Sharks' rah n.m. courier [? -yf -k j/\

J 7l

A. har'giz adv. (emphasizing negative) (not) on
y / any account [P]

£.hurm'&l (ped. tfjffhir'mid) n.f. red
{jyi earth [P]

, . hi’ ran (dial, ha' ran) n.m.

UA dear : antelope hart; buck
roe fysf if tOt hi' ran ka

(kau'kari bhar'na v.i. (of deer) leap
i'ran ka ^au'kari
bhaol ja'na p.h. be confounded
be flabbergasted Ctfjfotrf hi' ran ho jut. a v.i
flee ; run away f n<! - ^' rari hu

tv?

674

>a'«8 pu. come to one’s senses be no longer
under effect of drink hir'na N.M. buck
pommel (of saddle) hirnau'ta n.m. roe

fyyf kir'n i n.f. doe ; hind
* kar’na v.i. lose (at gambling)

fur'na v.t. seize hold

ha'fi km. (same as n.M .At)

<Syr

I Aor'j’a adj. green wild int cry to
•t/T drive away parrots, etc. JJ t yp harja’ln
adj. green ; verdant young ; youthful n.m.
a kind of nuptial song jjy? harya'U, J)}yf
karya'aa! n.f. greenery ; verdure | ~ > )

h hari sah km. mashed pottage made
't'* of wheat and minced (fig.) pap [A]

< bt har'yal n.m. green pigeon [ ~ fy ]

Aar n.f, a myrobalan-like nut plaited
// tosscl (rare) bone IjF.yp bar jo' ra n.m.
bone-setter name of a drug used for the

■purpose

i*«> k, harbara'ria, ify.ylarbara'na v.i. start
up be flurried harbors’ kar

aDv, hurriedly ; in hot haste tS"
bars’ fear utk’na v.i. start up from sleep ^yy,
har' burl n.f. flurry scurry confusion

nervousness b yCy? hdrbrrray'ya n.m. nervous
persons irascible (person)

ftiK* harbohg' n.f. uproat , tumult
■ mess ; confusion commotion

C%<~AkJpt harbohg’ ma&a'n a v.t. & i. make
n upioar Create a commotion cause
onfusion

harap' n.f. sound of gobbling adj.

?y* gobbled up misappropriate £/
harap' kar'na v.t. gulp down ; gobble up'
embezzle usurp grab harap' pa n.m.

gulp ; embezzlement usurpation

t ness centres as protest ; protest standstill
sulphurate of arsenic VJ'O^yP bar ^ai' kar'na
v.t. strike l>’jf{Jly?hartal’ ho'na v.t. (of business
centres, etc.) be closed in protest

hnrdap'ga n.m. children’s noisy play adj.
^ Si (f. hardat'gi) tumultous

rowdy quarrelsome unskilful

ASrcA’ea v.i, pine (of baby) miss
someone

M», hWrak n.f. hydrophobia its effect
kJyl pining haukering % hur'ka n.m.
pining (of baby separated from parents)

latch l \/y? hitrka’na v.t cause to pine thus
cause hydrophobia 1/ l/yf Aurta ya ad)
f. ^ ^ hurka’i) rabid

bazar' adj. thousand many

innumerable however much n.m. nigh-
tingale t v j/p hazar’rpa n.m. centipede -i .(g.tV
l'j? ixJ^hazdr' jan se fido’ ho’na v.t. be deep* in
love (with)^/Ul — ^>jl/phazar' -das' lan N.M. night-
ingale adj. melodious

'ilaj' our tk' parhez' prov. prevention is better
than cure tV % i cj/ h<rza' roll gha're pa'ni
par ja'na ph. feel greatly ashamed ct.JJj !/f
hara'roh meh adj. openly : publicly Qjy\y t
haza'roh meh ek ph. pick ; choicest ’of *the lot
JifjJ/fhazar’vaA adj. thousandth \y fy- hazsrha'
adj. thousands hazart n.f. command of

a thousand Soldiers adj. holding a fief for a
thousand soldiers (fast) in commemoration of
the Holy Prophet’s Ascension (fyl'S. (fylyphaza'ri
baza'ri adj. (one) who meets both high and
low unreliable fP]
j <j hizab'r n.m. lion fP]

- ha'zaj N.E. name of a verse metre [A]

y/t

j haz'l n.m. jest ; joke drollery

buffoonery (fh hazliyyit') this is
a literary genre ; nonsense verse / Jyphaz'l-go
n.m. one who writes nonsense verse
haz'l-go”* n.f nonsense verse {A]

•4^*, hazi'mal n.f. flight ; defeat ; rout
Ik Let l Ck^yp bazi'mat Stka'ns v.t. be
defeated ; be put to rout tjyJ’^yyi hazimat-
khUr'dah adj. defeated ; routed

jthas’t n.f. being ; existence present

i ajJ J has' t-o-bood ph all that is or has

been [P~ d/^fbe]

*7^ has' tint n.f. the lowest of the four cate-
{j * gories of women according to Hindu
writers on sex ( ~ S female elephant]

bas'd «.f being ; existence entity

(/ * life world worth ; value

i/y,his'ka n.m. (dial.) emulation; bid to

emulate

"Is* hush, c^fhUsh’t int cry for driving away
C/ * birds and animals or set them ly
hushkar’na v.t. halloo (ono.)

Vl ha shsh ask' Cfba shsh aA’ boshshash'

Ls adj. jolly ; jovial (A)

^•J ^yrhish't int fie ; for shame (ono.)

675

U‘>

t .i\*hash't adj., n.m. & pref. eight
L hash' I behish't ph. eight parts of paradise

called khul’d, dar-As-salam ' , da'rul qarar' ,jan!nal-e
'ad njan’natu l-ms’vn ja' nat-an-na'm , illiy'yin and
firdaus’ hash' t-paih’ loo adj. octagonal

J^ThasJi'tum adj eighth j Cii^hasjhtdd' adj. &
N'-M. eighty [P]

j *\»» hushyar' j LZjr’hoshyar' adj. clever
J zT t shrewd"* intelligent awake ; alert

skilled learned grown up
hushyar' kar’na v.t. caution ; warn rear
unpart skill or knowledge wake up ; rouse
(jj y^fhusjtya'ri, hoshyari n.f. clever-
ness shrewdness alertness awareness
being skilled or learned being grown
up [P]

J&t haz'm n.m. digestion assimilation
f misappropriation Vj^h.az'm kar’na v.t.
digest assimilate misappropriate
kam'z ho'na v.t. be digested assimilated
be misappropriated [A]

~kf ha S' 1 AD J- & N.M. seven ^c^haf’tiqlim',
haf t-kUji'lar n.f. the seven climes;
world FYijdlc^fhaf't -ahdam' n.f. great vein
running through arm n.m. seven outer portions
of body viz. head, chest, belly and four limbs
haf t-push' t n.f. seven generations
haft- path' loo adj. seven-sided n.m. septagon
f^7ef , fiS^'hqf't~khs'n-e rus'tam n.m. pl. seven
difficult stages traversed by Rustum ; Herculean
tasks fj j haft-rafi'gi adj. capricious ; cun-

ning ; artful versatile ^LjiS^haft-zabafi' n.m.
master of many languages ; linguist adj. polyglot
haf t-'aja" ib n.m. pl. seven wonders
of the (ancient) world, according to Western
nations ^ haft-qa’lam n.m. seven cal-
ligraphic styles viz. stilus, mokaq’qaq', tauqi",
raihan, riqa ' , nas kh and ta'liq' master of these
l fj‘sT*Z*7hqf't-haza'n n.m. one holding a fief for
seven thousand soldiers J^J^haft-hai'kal n.f.
Mtof seven prayers repealed for personal safety
pihaftum adj. seventh haftad' adj.
& n.m. seventy ^jjjjC^hafta'd-o-do mil' lot
N.f seventy. two (Muslim) sects

hopah s.u. week Saturday name
of a wrestling trick by which adversary’s
neck and arc locked J^^hafta , mukhtat.'mah
n.m, week ending (such and such date), liZi*
haj'ja-var adj. weekly [P ~ prec.) '

m ' Zttr ,NT < dial )may he (etc.)
' * escape the effect the evil eve

, ^ J \' a /» hajavat ' n.f. . pl.

utterances [A]
ft } haf'i n.m. adder adj.

nonsense silly

utterances [A]

/”» n.m. adder adj. crafty glut-

_ tonous [ ~ A^l cORR.j
hiik n.m. hook [E]

*&r hak’ka bak'ka adj. (never inflected)
* i aghast ; dumbfounded tifojtfj iCf hak'ka
bak'ka raih'-ja'na v.i. be struck dumb
/ * C ha'-kaza adj. thus similarlv

hakla'na v.i. stutter ; stammer 0^1
hak'la n.m. & adj. (F. hak'H) stam-
merer c^lf&hsk' Is-pan hakla' hat n.m.

stutter ; stammer

1 bag'na v.i. evacuate bowels ; go to stool s(f$;

1 hagas' n.f. need to go to stools Ulfyha'gass
adj. (f. (fl^haga'si) (one) feeling that need
cowardly '£f- (f dq" hag a' si bat'takh n.f. (fig.)
coward Cfyhaga'na v.t. cause (child, etc.) to
evacuate bowels (/jf hagau'ra n.m. & adj. (f.
l/yjf hagau'ri) (one) going to stools very ofter

coward dastardly

J fhalu.u. plough fyjhal-jo'ta n.m. plough-
t man ; tiller <(&!,. Mg i } OjfJj hal jot'na (oi
thola'na or ph.tr' na) ** v.tT" ‘plough raze

(struture) to ground thus lyUrJ; hal' ehal'nz
(or phir'na) v.i. be ploughed * be razed
thus

.‘/■’H.ha'ljl'pa'li, l&V; ha'la-dtall n.f. (same as
• ★) .

i ftL^ as N,F ‘ snuff fjffll’halas'da'nl n.f.
U *7 snuff-box hulas' le'na v.i. snuff : take

snuff

(jL halak ' adj. dead killed perished
overwhelmed with grief n.m. (rare)
pardition run; destruction \yfijb’ halak'
kar'nax. t. kill destroy overwhelm (with
grief) tyjfyhalak' ho'na v.t. be killed ; lose
(one’s) life perish be ruined be over-
whelmed (with grief) Lsfy hala'kat n.f. death
destruction perdition extinction ; ex-
termination

hilakool (ped. f&i hUla'goo) n.m. Hulagoo
7 l (fig.) tyrant (fig.) killer (Tj

Crescent ^(Jijf^pffaii'juman-t hila'l-t
ahlmar n.f. Red Crescent Society
d Ilf kila'li adj. of, pertaining to
or having a crescent horned horseshoe

Jlfc

6?6

1L

((a 6% hila'H par'cham n.m. flag with a cres-
cent Muslim (country’s) flag
salib' (J b-o-hilal N.M. PL. Crescent

and Cross (fig.) Muslims and Christians [A]
^ s n3 V - T - move jerk ; jolt shake
i agitate tame familiarize h'lkjak'
ka dil hilar, a v.t. move (someone) to passion
strike with terror

biihalahil adj. deadly (only in) Jfftyfjzaih'r-e
Ul~i halahil n.m. deadly poison [A]
f i iL halbalatm v.i. scurry be confused dd t
hal'bah^li> t halbala'hat n.f. hurry ;

scurry confusion

Iphal'-dial, (f! : l)’ha'la*pati,J l ZD>ha'la-i}iali n.f.
Ut tumult ; commotion confusion
fright ; alarm ; panic stampede
VjfJ kal'-cjial par' no (or math'na or ho'na) v.'i
panic stricken (of common vu)' be caused
/ ihal'di n.f. turmeric ^ (jj LiStL o/ifd 4
IZcrt hal'di ki gireh le' kar pansa'rt ban baitk'na
prov. boast despite meagre resources ; presume
a great-deal hal'di la’ge na pkit'kari

without incurring any expenditure or

v.i,

undergoing much labour early grabs bP}
hal'dava n.m. a kind of yellow timber IJ} hal'diya
adj. yellow n.m. jaundice a poisonous

element of turmeric

ML hul'lar n.m. rowdysm riot row
tumult uproar V^tf’hal’lar madia na v.i.
riot cause tumult * cause uproar be

rowdy

j*i Lhuha'na v.t. coax incite (thus) to

- quarrel ,

1 A hal'ka adj. (F. (f", hal'ki) light (in weight
decree colour or character) mild soft
cheap ; inexpensive easy of digestion
soft (water) mean disgraced ashamed

delicate \0*fyhal'ka pkul’ka adj. (f. £

hal'ki phul'ki)' light lean Li Iffy hal'ka jan'na
v.t. disdain look down upon regard as mild
c/fy hal'ka kar'na v.t. lighten abate

assuage ease refresh debase Cjffy hal'ka
ho'ni v.i. be or become light grow mild
be refreshed be relieved of burden (of
fever, etc.) abate feel ashamed P^JLhal'ke
hafke adv. mildly soft lightly ^ fy
hal'ka pan k-m. lightness softness (of -water)
levity despicablencss

O tfL hulkat'na.k/if^ kiish kar’na v.t, halloo

(hound) ( ono.)

■/ hilksn' adj. exhausted (with work)
.erwhelmed (with gnef) I'J&fytfbjan

halkan kar'na v.t exhaust overwhelm
with grief exercise mind haikan' no na

v.i. be overwhelmed (with grief) be exer-
cised in mind [ - A

hal'kam n.f. (dial.) uproar

| /l hilko'ra (dial, fjjfhilo'ra) N m. (usu. in PL
'Jdrl wane ; billow ; surge ripple 4—jPl
iid hilko'rt le'na CJ^-jJrhilo're le'na,
hilo'reft le'na v.i. ripple billow;

Mga'na V.T. hr ng ; suspend

. . a L hal'-mim' magld' ph. is there men

>/C >Ul

jolt shake
familiarize (of

of it more still more (A ~ (j t -kyj " +

i.i hil'na v.i. move

tremble be tamed
heart) be moved to passion

J i hal'lah n.m. attack ; assault battery
i sally ; sortie uproar tumult rowd-
yism <£<y hal'lah kar'na (or bol'na) v.t.

attack ; assault j

, j, hill' hila n.m sudden desire spurt ll/rfy
hulhula'na , Loft lip hut hula uik\na v.i. have
a sudden passion for

^ a ^ 3 na v>1 - shake ; shiver

hale’lah n.m. a myrobalan-like nut

» ham pron. we (used) by him editor or
f l wonder J'p" i ham' ko, fjy ha'rnefi pron. us
hama'ra pron. ou bh$
hairi panch’vm sava'roji mek prov. We bounds kill-
ed the hare, quoth the lap dog. .
ifham adv. also ; even too Fref. each Either
f* together mutually equal similar

haveipjflj^ham-aghosb' adj. embracing ; lock-
ed in each other’s arms \fiham-aghosh'

ho'na v.i. embrace each other ham- avaz,'
am-ahakg' adj. harmonious concordant
(fig.) agreeing ; consenting , united ; (with)
one voice (tftffham ahat'gi n.f. harmony
agreement (tfriham-as'l adj. of common origin
or ancestry ^ ham-bis' tar n.m. bedfellow adj.

sharing the same bed ; cohabiting ; copulating
CSj^fiham-bis'tat ho'na v.t. sleep together
cohabit ; copulate (fsffihajn-bis' tari n.f. cohabi-
tation copulation coi\ionty(£ptfham-bis' tart kar'-
na v.t (col.) copulate (with) * If, ham- pa' yah,
.Jv.f'f ham-pal' lah adj. of the same status , equal
in rank or dignity ham-paih' lou adj. adja-

cent Jfy, ham-piya'iahjJtjffjJJg^ham-piya'la-o-

677

ham-mva'lah adj. boon-companion chum ;
intimated friend ham-pt' &ah n.m. colleague

adj. engaged in the same trade fi *•

jj S') bkvad' ham-pe'shah ba ham-pe'shah dUsh'man
PRO'’ rwo of a trade never agree Cf, ham-la n.m.
equal ; peer jCXham-ta't n.f. equality , simi-
larity of status ( s?\ftham-jalis ' n.m. constant
companion ham- jama'' at n.m. dassfellow ;

classmate adj. studying in the same class
ham-jin ' t adj. homogeneous of the same

species having similar mental horizon
h:m-(fiash'm n.m. equal ; peer ham- eh ash' mi

n.f. equality of status being of the same status
ham-dar’d adj. sympathetic n.m. sym*
athiser condoler tf)jAf,ham-dar'd\ n.f.
•ympathy condolence v/tf)jjS<ham-dar 'di kar'na
v.t. sympathize condole ham-dar's,
&?'(*' ham-sa’baq n.m. dassfellow Jjjz t ham-di'gar
*dv. (arch.) together ham' dam n.m. friend
ham-dosh' adj. equal ; peer adv. shoulder
4D shoulder -ZsiJX ham-zat'\Dj. of the same caste
jl/f ham-raz' adj. confident ej/jham-rah' AD/,
eith ; along with n.m. (rare) fellow-traveller
kam-ta'hi n.m. (col.) fellow-traveller n.f. .;*•< -
^any (in travelling) yjfj ham-rut' bah, -r

mar’tabah adj. equal in status >-? yj/j hara-iihitb'
n.m. fellow-rider adv. attending ; along with
ham-rang’ adj. of the same colour
of similar disposition da'm-e ham-

rah'g-e zamih n.m. camouflaged snares jlp^ham-
Zad ' n.m. one's familiar spirit ; familiar
(rare) twin ham-zabani , kam-zaban adj.

speaking the same language unanimous
-fy} Ukyi ham-zaban' ha kar adv. with one voice
Cfii/f, ham-zul'J n.m. brother-in-law ; husband of
vife’s sister ham-sa jah n.m. neighbour^

kt hamsa’ t met. nih'nd pit. live i*
the neighbourhood of be the next door neigh,
bour of Lfham-sa’igi (ped. J, t-f ham-sn'ya#)
n.f. neighbourliness or neighbourhood
!tamsa"X N.f neighbour ham-su' tjhan n.m.

interlocutor ham' -sat n.m. equal; peer^-f

ham-sa'ri n.f. equality . similarity of status
ham-sa jat n.m fellow'-traveller this as
Communist sympathiser ( y'/‘ham' -sin adj. of the
same age coeve! ham-shak' l adj. like-

shaped : appearing , alike , resembling
homomorphic (fig.) like : similar ; analogous
ham-shi' rah (ped. ham-shir') n.f. sis f er
ham- soft' bat adj. associate moving

in same society^-' jr ham-safir' n.m. (of bb-d«>

fellow-songster (fig ) comrade ham- ‘a ’

adj. & n.m. contemporary y J'^ham-'Zm't adj
of the same age ; coeval (jCfjSjham-'tnM' ,
ham-qa'dam adj. attendant adv. attending
ham-'aih'd (ped. -'ah'd)_KD]. of the same are ’
contemporary ("jrfham-qaum n m. fellow country
man ; compatriot ^zzJjfyham-q\' mai adj.
equivalent in value similarly-priced
ham-kar n.m c.oWc&truttfj&jham-ka ri n.f. bemr
a colleague jjSrfham-knf’v adj. enjoying
similar social status ; belonging to the same
social class of the same family j*tiL^ham-
kalam ' adj. & adv. conversing together n.m.
interlocutor hdm-kalsm ho’na v.t. talk .

converse (with) J py^ham-kala'mX n.f. mutual
talk ; conversation dialogue ; ir teerourte ; jntei
locutionvi^7 ham-kanzr' adj, embracing jCCr,
hatn-karmr’ kar'r.ff v.t. embrace (someone) I'jfjlJfi
ham-kanat' ho'na v.i. embrace trYrfhnm mailis.

hnm-kanar ho'na v.i. embrace jrzfihom mojlis,
n.m. companion adj. (ona) keeping comp? ion
(of) *~y*{fhom-m(iz’hab adj. coreligionist
ham-amr' kaz adj. concentric (circles) •-tjijfham,
mrjh'rab adj. having similar outlook on >v
sharing the same views (o

ped, -ns) adj. synonymous hum-mak' in

N.t'-. -«*iool-feliow ; school mate adi. studying 01
having studied at the same schoo* fC/ihmi-tam '
n.m. namesake adj. having the same tiir
ham-nas'l adj. of the same race ; derived of thr
same racial stock jjrff ham-nashin' (or -i£ift')%t.M
companion adj. (one) bearing (someone) com-
pany J'irjS'ham-mishi'ni n.f. companior.ship
bearing (someone) company ham- na' fas
n.m. friend comrade ham-na'fasl n.f.
comradeship ty^ham-naca aoj. & n.m. (one)
raising the same voice (as another) ; (one) ex-
pressing agreement one singing in harmony
(widi anotlieij^(rfAa.7i-ntu>s"» n.f. singing
in harmony (with) expression of agreement
j ham-par' adj. level ; even smooth
flat equable consistent oj iy ham-va' rah adv.
(rare) always ; ever constantly#, Ijfham-
va’ri n.f. evenness smoothness flatness
uniformity , equability consistency^^
ham-vaz'n adj. of same weight c fy?ham-va'lan
N.m. fellow-country man ; compatriot (jffyham-
va'tarA n f. belonging to or hailing from the
same country ; being compatriots) [P)
fy^kam n.m. (pl. yy, humoom') worry; care,
f anxiety j’sfiham'm-o-Qam n.m. worry and
grief [A)

u

67b

^.shim'mat
^br

/iw/na n.m. phoenix; a fabulous bird supposed
♦ to raise to throne anyone coming under
shadow of its wing t/fj l bs'l-e hums',
shaih' par-e hums' n.m. wing of phoenix [P]

/ | hams' ts PRON. (f. jls; hams’ ri) our i/lji/r,

hams'rs kya hai_ ph. who cares , why
should I worry />j bUjy to hams'rs zim'mah ph.
I vouch for i hams'rs salsm' hai
ph. I wash my hands of the whole affair (jf(/(fjki
(jiiS/Z-hama'rl bit’ li ha'mifi se miya'oit^ ph,
challenging one’s own benefactor
hams' rl bhs'li kha''e ph. (dial.) may he find me
dead

I p/ w ha 1 ms shu'ma adj. everybody ; all and
*'/ sundry ( - P(cwe+ l? you corr.]
li fhims'li'yah, J l^hims' lah n.m. abode of
snow ; the Himalayas [S]

„ * hamsm das'tah n.m. (same as

(X'T n.m. *)

* >a mS ha wi N-F ’ * x>aSt l3ra ® ' tal1 ta ^

I J I M^^'y 00 * 1 AD J- ; fortunate ; auspi-
LAf.^cious [P] ^

n.f. (PL.f* hi'mam) courage ;
/ery boldness . gues ; spirit dar-
ing (adventure -, enterprise d'jn ) OaIOT
him' mat bahdk'na (or kar'ns) v.t. be bold; to take
courage; muster couragel Ipu^j^'him'mat bafidk'ns
v.t. encourage him' mat par' ns v.i. take
courage; to dare *iy—IJiP(fbl/s* i ^'him'mat ks ha' mi
khilds -hai, (Jb/Cj’him'mat-e mar’dah

mo'dad-e khuda prov. God helps those who
help themselves him' mat har' ns v.i. have

no courage left ; lose heart him'mati.tlljc^S,
him'mat ■ vs'ls adj. (y. (jit him' mat vs li)

bold ; courageous daring ; spirited enter-

prising adventurous

^jfham-jo'li n.m. & f. friend playmate

,^tham'z<th n.m. hamzah; name of penultimate
latter of Urdu alphabet [A]
ha'mazah n;m. (pl .£>tf hamazat') fear ;
doubt ; suspicion [A]

- fhamss'vsil n.m. (W. dial.) (name for)
0 3^*1 sixth month of Hijri calendar
. . fhu'masnS v.t. move leave or place

X, hu'makns v.t. (of infant) jump to go into
another’s lap

yf^hi'mam n.f. (pl. of*— “fN.F. ^r)
f ^‘humwm! N.M. (pl.- of ^n m. +)

^ f'ha'ma adj. all whole everyone pref

l all omni- pan- tZsjl^ha'ma os' l ph
pantheism tf^ha'ma-tan adv. wholly; entirely
adj. whole ; entire tfij^ha'ma-dsn' adj.
omniscient having a wild field of knowledge
ha'ma-ds'ni n.f. omniscience wild
field of knowledge ha'ma si'fat

mausoof adj. endowed with all good qualities
ha' magi adj. alj , entirely ha'ma-gir
adj. all-embracing (£,//? ha' ma-gi' ri n.f. all em-
bracing nature ^ ha'rta-vaq'ti adj. whole-

time (employee, etc.) Jj^ba-W ha'mah ph.
nevertheless despite [P doublet of — ]

\^f>hamys'ni n.f. purse [~Pe^]

• t ~hame'shah (dial . iff hamesh') adv. always;

1 ever continually perpetually ; inces-
santly [P]

^fjha’meti pron- us tous[~^J
/ j* ha' mih, (//ha mi pron. we ourselves , only

CO we

l^jfha'mih adj. this very |P]

jthun n.m. (fig.) gold, wealth (arch.)
Wl name of Deccan gold coin Cs/tfhUn ba'rasns
v.i: (of wealth) be abundant
^Jp/»haii' tar n.m. whip [EJ

i Js hail] Sr n.m. right way (only in) J&fl'ns-
hai jar' adj. wicked JP]

• .hiiidn.lt. India ; Indo-Pakistan subcontinent
(jjtfhihd'ni n.f. Hindu woman »j>, hiii'doo
n.m. (pl. tS / /hunood')' Hindu slave thief
adj. black tf&jjafhihdiistsri n.m. India ; Indo-
Pakistan sub-continent Urdu-speaking area of
the sub-continent (j&uifJiitidttsts'iii adj. Indian
n.m. Indian n.f. Hindustani ; basic Urdu##
hin'di adj. Indian pertaining to this sub-
continent n.t. bastard form of Urdu written far
Sanskrit script n.m.

hin'di ki ekin' di kar'ns (or bats’ ns or niksl'ns) PH.
do hair-splitting [~A~ Indus)
j. hati'dasah (col. hin'ss) n.m(usu. hlndsa(h),
'*>*7 numeral (rare) engineering [A]
•jj^yhiitdo's'nah n.m; water-melon [Pl

|>, hafi' da n.m. earthemware pot
•Ay hanging lampshade ( - ($Jh\\

i hahd-kulkya n.f. children s

pastime of cooking dish
thus cooked ) ~ )

680

j:

'y/ko v.i. (imp. of by, v.i ir)

r ^ ho. Ckf, hot jnt. ho , hallo ; hello fo\o. ]

*y» hon s.t. groan noise (ono ]

r v too' iNT. God n.m. nothingness save God adj.

& \r>v. annihilated if y hoo’ haq int. God is
true (as mystic’s cry in ecstasy) \lf£fyhoo' haq
kat na v.i. raise this cry remember God
revel make a noise f'Ujf (COyhoo' {haq) ho

;a>n'v.i. be ruined /be annihilated fa of I j
A (ik) hoo' ka ‘a 'lam n.m. wilderness ; desert
[-l&tiaUa'hoo cont.]

X hoo' pron. he that He God
si (or ysy) hoo' ba-hoo adv. exact (copy)
adv. exactly [A]

. hav s' n.f. air wind breeze

* fl atmosphere desire love lust good

name ; reputation rumour pref. air (,’/ * 1 ly
hava' ura'na v.t. &_i. give out spread rumour

cause (someone) to lose credit fojliyhava' Ur'
ja r,h v.i. lose credit (of secret) be given
out be rumoured lyhava' u'kharna v.i. lose
credit jlljf hava'-baz' n.m. pilot ; airman ; aero-
naut (fw*hava'-ba'zi n.f. airmanship
aeronautics f (tf hava' batdk'na v.i. build

(usu. false) reputation (of) brag bruit abroad
l'/ iy hava' lag' nay. i. dodge prevaricate
get rid of (someone) by curt reply or false
promise Oj. Ijf hava' ba'dalna v.t. & i. change-
elimatc ; go to a hill resort for the purpose
(of circumstances) change; (of times) be changed
^lyhavabas'lah adj. airtight 0^ lyhava' bi'gar'-
va v.i. lose credit (of circumstances or
environment) Carjklyhava' baftdk'na v.t. become
famous Ijf hava' bkar' ja'na v.i. be puffed

up with pride flsyf IjftfjJlspet mefl hava' bhar'
ja’na v.i. have flatulence ; suffer from wind \y,
V/dhora' bhar'na v.t. inflate (tyre) bjkj{iyhav a'
bki na de'na v.t. keep hidden ; not to expose
in the least not to leak out Vy&ljjJjjhava
pci dimsgh ho' ns v.i. give oneself the air <z*ssjy
hava-paras't adj. (one) seeking wordly plea-
sures fickle vain I'yjiyjL (/s-j^Jkyyhava'

(ke gfu're) par sovar' ho’na v. be in a hurry
1st iy (zama'ne ki) hava pa'latna v.i. (of times) be

• hanged tf'UCiyhava' piank'na v.i. eat spar-
sely pretend to go without food I'Uryfiy hava'
phir' ja'na v.i, (of circumstances) change (usu.
for the better) £&> ty hava' cjtal'na v.i. (of
wind) (of breeze) waft become the vogue ;

be m stvle ; be the fashion l/yf if, hava chhm na
v.i. fan , break wind Cy&l&iyhata' khilaf ho na
v i. be faced with adverse circumstances tfiy.
hava'khah' n.m. well-wisher sympathisers

fcitndifUrljqhava'-hha'hi n.f. good will

friendship sympathy jblf hova'-dar' adj
open airy ; well-ventilated n.m. sympa-
thiser well-wisher lover portable throrn-
for a side tfjbly hava' “dart n.f. airiness
love sympathy Go lyhava' de'na v.t. fan

(flare) incite trouble ; foment quarrel air

(•’Othes, etc.) Jjjiyhava'-za'dagi n.f. cold (fly
lata' sa adv. a little ; wee bit CifjUs-'ykava' if
ur' ja'na v.i. be so light as to be blown away by
the least wind Ll/lC} ^ lyhava' se ba'tefi kar'na
v.i. be very fast rival the wind in speed yz~\y£
ki hava' se ba&' kar ni'kalna v.t. avoid ,
shuni'^ltZ-ljfhava' se hr’na v.i. seek occasion for
quarrel be peevish; be testy ; be touchy , lf\yj
$si?hava' ka ikape'ra n.m. gust or blast of wind
t 2^/1 Ay hava' ka rukh bata’na v.t. indicate
direction of wind show blows evade
dismiss with a curt or subtle reply tofi&j'Jly
hava' ka ruth dek&'na, Ctfj ly^f (Zdijij ijjduti'ya
(or zama'ne ) ki hava dekft'na v.i. /see which way
the wind is blowing trim one’s sails accord-
ing to the prevailing \;f ty hava' kar’na v.t.
fan despatch ; send (someone) away swiftly
ll/W hava' kha'na v. stroll; /go out for an
airing have a taste or existence of live ,
remain alive ji/iyhava' kka^ojl pH. quit Vj^ty
hava' kho'na v.i. lose credit Jjj £iy haval ke
doth' par adv. on the air J }jl(fiyhava ' kt ro’H
n.f very thin bread Ly j hava ' kt
gko’re par savar' hq'na v.i. be in a great hurry
be very proud; be vain (V lJj lyhava' log
ja'na v.i. catch cold hive rheumatic pains
have one’s head turned become naughty
come under outside influence IV \yhava‘ le'na
v.i. stroll go out for qn airing
hava' mut'ihi men band* kar'na, £ , iy,
hava' men gi' rah de'na v.i. attempt the im-
possible make a vain effort C&'iykava' nikal'na
v.i. lose credit be deflated have a flat
tyre die ; breathe one's last be no longer
puffed up with pride Ik j ^kJvyhava lag'ne de na
v t. keep hidden ; not to expose in the least
not to leak out ^yy j iy hava' •o-ho'vas n.f.
greed lust ^ambition h urban wishes

vanity Clcjfiy hava' ho ja'na v.i/ run away
swiftly , scamper disappear 7 ; vanish end ,
become a matter of the past/ evaporate ^ \y,

7 (

681

hava"' i adj. air wind airy swift
light stray clever blue , azure incoui-
tant n f rocket rumour parings (of
nuts, etc.jj/'f^ljfhava'i^ankk n.f fickle lover
ijtfii/fhai’a'l ad'dahJiZ'Jljr hapa'i mils' taqar n.m.
airport, aerodrome hava'i urana v.t
spread (usu. false) rumours (ttyfl) iJl/j'jf hava”i
ur'na (or chkoot'na) v.i. (of false rumour) spread
L'jI «. ‘~/?(heh're (pr
muhh) par hava'Hor hava" ijiafi) ur'nu '(or ^ihoot'na)
v.i. lose colour ; become suddenly pale through
fear J ly hava' ’l bahdooq' n . f . airgun; pop-gun
hava" l fir n.m. arrow shot in the direc-
tion of wind a kind of firework sent high up
in the sky jly^yhava"i jahaz’ ^ n.m. aircraft,
aeroplane ; ’airplane (t'Ufjjlr^havd^i jahaz'
ehalana v.t. fly an aircraft hava'i

(hhor'na v.t. let off a pyrotechnic rocket
hava'i ham'lah N.M. air-raid tj*

hava’i ham’lah- se ba^ta"o ki laddbir’ ph. air raid
precautions^; A.R.P. hava'i kha’bar n.f.

rumour tt : jJ , jfhava’'i di’dah adj. instant in
love^ saucy (fs**(j!yhava"i sad’ri n.f. air-jacket
iyt hava'i qil"ah n.m. castle in the air J iyj
Ui^Zhava’i qil'‘t baha'na ph. build castles in
the air

lythu“a V.I. (P.T. ofl’/'V.I. if)

I yhav va n.m. bugbear , hobgoblin

1 1 y have!' o N.M. courage , guts ‘purdah’,
* 7i modesty CJjjlyphava''o khul'nav. i. grow
bold become less modest
^yfhot int. (same as yj int jf)

n.F.L ’j'ko’ta; (or Jjfho’ti or J-jTko'te)
±7t pr.t (see under L'yv.i. if)

^jy/ho'tal n.m. hotel [E]

hau'dah, (rareZojfhau'daj) n.m. howdah

ityt litter (of camel) [~A]
ft^ha'vas n f. lust lasciviousness sensu-
U7i ality pseudo-passion ; false love desire
greed , covetousnesss CTJftha’vas bujfna
v.i. (of wish) be {umMjS'j'yka'vas-pe’shah adj
greedy , covetous lusty sensual ; lasci-
vious jjS'J's; ha' tas-par' cat adj. lustful

lascivious tj /j ha vas-par vat-i n f lascivious-
ness VJi/Jho'vas kar'na v t. covet ha’oas-

ktsh adj lu.tfui lascivious j'esy havas-nak
ad | lascivious covetous JOyiha'oas-naki
Nt lasciviousness O&'J'S’ ha vas mkal'na vt
satisfy one’s desire

ijfyjhoosh' adj uncultured

•

“fT,hosJ}' n.m senses sense understand
C&f ine discretion (Ol^’lC^licfj'yhosh
ana (or pa’karna or satibhal'im) v.t. & i. come
to understand recollect reach the age of
discretion l My, »AJ~Jis r l l ClfjlLjtjljx

(WSlA hosjt ur'na (or ur ja'na or bakh'lah

ho'na or paragon' dah ho'na or ja'te raih'na or gum
ho' ja'na) v.i. lose one’s senses become con-

founded jCS'jf hosh-mafid' adj. sensible intelli-
gent grown-up jy^hosh-mafi’di n.f. sense

wisdom intelligence being grown-up
l'f(jZ<j%hosh mefi a'na.v.i. come to come

to one’s senses if! 7) uJj hosh-o-kavas n.m. setose
and understanding [P]

I *f t y tl °shj>a r ‘, J yi*kUsJiyar' adj. clever
careful watchful ; cautious alert
awake attentive sensible wise ; intelli-
gent grown-up int. (also J'ljJyfwshyat'

bash') be cautious take care watch it.

(etc:) 1‘JjJyhoshyar' kar'na v.t warn ,

caution train up make clever ClfyjJy
hoshyar' ho ja'na v.i. be careful become
cautious become clever jjJyhosJtjia'ri n.f
cleverness carefulness accuracy
watchfulness alertness wisdom prudence

intelligence

f^hook n.f. deep sigh of helplessness , heaved
by a lovely person; excruciating sigh V&sjf,
hook'uth'na v.i. heave an excruciating sigh
^/.hau'ka n.f. greed; covetousness voracity
^7 t/tff, hou'ka kar'na v.i. be greedy ; be
covetous be voracious

(Jjfhaul n.m. fright; horror , terror restless-

7l ness; uneasiness vfjyhaul a'na v.i. be frighten-
ed Ilf haul bdifh ja'na v.i. be obsessed by a
terror J; Jjf' hou'l-t dil n.m. fright pjjjhaul'-
di'la adj. coward J jJyj haul' -di'll n.f. cowardice
ojjJ/! haul' -za.' dah adj. frightened , terrified

aghast nervous CWJflhaul' kha'nav.i.
be afraid ; to be frightened grow restless
Joy, haul' nak adj. fearful ; frightful terrible

terrific; dreadful; horrible; horrid dangerous
risky JJy; haul-' na' ki n.f. fearfulness ; fright-

fulness , terror , direness , dreadfulness
dangerousness (A]

I j jJiau'la adj. \restless nervous terror
I 7 l stricken rfyi/jr hau'la jau'lt nf restless-
ness nervousness [A]

\^*hola~rr.M. chick-pea parched in the -pod
I 7 l a Sikh festival following ‘Holi’

tfaj'haul'na v.t.
1 thrust

goad

urge an elephant
J^hau'loo adj. (dial.) whimsical , capricious

i ho'li n.f. festival of Hindus celebrated by
( spilling dyes as one another song sung
on the occasion d'Ce ho'li hkel'na (or

mana'na) v.t. celebrate the Holi festival thus
; hau'le adv. showly gently , softly

gradually^^Aau'/e hau'le adv. slowly
gently ; softly gradually ; by and by ; step by
step

b *y < Pf*,hom dlpnr'tmant n . m . home depart*
yi mentJjjfahom' rool' n . m . Home
rule tj/Jy fathom' saik' retort n . m . Home secretary
hom' minis'tar n . m . Home minister [E]

* ho' miyopaithi n . f . homoeopathy
ifjJ&ho'miyopaitk n . m . homoeopath
ho'miyo.paith-ik, yfaho'miyo adj. homeopathic [E]

. ifahooti tijT. well yes may be V/jljJ
Vjl hooti hah kar'niiv.-i. dilly-dally; prevari-
cate assent half-heartedly j/hJ^hoon hooti'
int. don’t beware keep quiet yes

and no L'y ho'na v.t. be exist become
happen be bom come into existence
transpire existence ho' imp. be subjunctive
may be Ms, ho' ana v.i. return after a visit to
t‘| fjfho’ ja'na v.i. become l^jfKo' chuk'rta ph.
become fall for ; be devoted to (iron.) be
impossible of achievement jgrfho'jiyc subjunc-
tive may it (etc.) beCyjjho' raih'ns v.i. be
devoted (to) become come into being ;

talk place stay on somewhere fyj (/ijtSfa
ho' kc (or kar) raih'na v.i. definitely become fa
ho'ga v.i. might be shall or will be ihjj/y;
lio' guzar'na v.t. (of dead personality) have
(once) lived Mf, ho le’na v.i. be accomplished
go along (with) sjtho' na ho ph. definite-
ly , of course whatever might Iiappen/j'T/iS'a
past t. was becametf-L^^ljf hu’a (hah'ta

hai ph. is about to take plac e/jfp ljlh.ua so kn’a
ph. let by gones be bygones ka're ph.

who cares*^y fjhot n.f. (one’s) power
(one’s) means (one’s) resources hot’
jot la la n.m. rich person resourceful man
faf, hot' ki jot' hai ph. splendour is bred
by pelf Vjjho'ta pr. >. become p.t. were adj.
(one) who is n.m. relation Lufyho'ta sg'is n.m.
(pl. aJtsiL-Stho'te ja'/£,(dial.) supporter
relation alive ^^Tj^ho'ti a”» hai ph. it is
cusioniar>_ that dS<ho'te adv. in the presence
(pf) ho' tt ho't i a D v. gradually ; by and

by (fi^-Jho'tc hi adv. soon after coming into
being as soon at it happened ho’ te hi

ho’ga ph. (it) will its own time yfa ho jiyo int.
(arch.) wish to God that (itl may jjy; ho'ni n.f
something that is going to occur the inevit-
able »*t~jjho'nc do ph. let it go on come
what may ubJ~-y ho' ne vatu adj. & n.m. that
is going to be what will be
ho'ne vals ho' kar ra'he ga ph. what will be will
be ‘f’hai pr. t. is adv. present fa! haiti pr. t.
are f

* * hofii n.m. lip b J/jj hott chat'na v.i. relish
t‘(jr OJ iC-lsdsyhoht diaite raih Jana be
able to forget the relish of some dish
hot: si' den a v.t. force to keep quiet {f

ho' fit si’ le’na v.i. keep mum fc/VwOf
ho' ht katrta v.i. bite one’s lip df iJjj^hofit'-ka’ta
ADJ. & N.m. one whose lips are cut fjjr ^jyhoht
hila’na v.i, speak CSjlJfrjjJfahofi'm par
paparyah jam'na v.t. (of lips) be parched Jfa
hcfi'tal n.m. & adj. thick-lipped , ^

fa hoots n.f. jealousy evil eye fay hoots' na

fast v.t. cost an evil eye on
“J.havan'naq n.m. Too) . simpleton

hautik'na v.i. pant huff and puff

. - jhorihar adj. budding (youth) ; proir.is
J ing that must happen
uslhon'har bir'ia ke (hik'ne chik’ne pat' prov.
a preebeious child shows the man inside him
greatness is visible even at a tender age

[~ Ifa]

{^ythoo'ha n.f. hullahallo

| v hUvai'da adj. obvious evident clear;
..L manifest

1 fa , ha"i n.f. hue and cry
(j 1 noise

is there all right

wonder cry :

r •yha”i

fa ( there
of

* hi adv

is very

much

there is no doubt about it [contr.

only

(not used with neg.)
ifal immediately on (doing)

*hai int. alas strange wonderful^-^-
hai' hai int. alas £j-*~hai' hai na

kkai' khai ph. no trouble after that no
problem

lyjhi'yn n.m. , hearth courage

■ St hiya’o n.m. courage moJesty Ckffls
hiya"o khul'na v.i. become saucy

683

•• j^hni' bat n.f. awe
***e%<£?£ ! .kai'bat*za'dtth adj.

fear , dread ; horror

. _ \nj. aghast

appalled (fotZtfZhai' hai za' Jagi n.f. being terror-
stricken Ji'£*f>hai’bat-nzik adj. awful fear-
ful ; frightful; terrible tremendous ; appalling
Jb^-tflhai'bat-na'ki n.f. terror [A}

^ht'bljas kar'pus n.m. habeas corpus
*** 'also '^^jc^yj^T^ltebijias kar'pas
darkhas't) habeas corpus petition [E]

I K^heta adj. inferior (ftfheu n.f. insult
disgrace adj, inferior llffc/heii kar'na v.t.
insult Lj 1 ifjlfS.ba'rl he' it ho’na v.T disgrace
^haija' n.f. battle [A]

* ,oyrthai'jah n.m. tumult excite

mcnt 1 commotion iy ijy&lfjthaijan paida
ho' ha v.i. (of commotion) be
i^ihij’ra n.m. eunuch

y't heck AD J- nothing insignificant
hech pock' adj. insignificant c' 1 -*
heck'' mad ah' adj. ignorant j ixf^hefh'-mada'ni
n.f. ignorance ■itd’&lheek'- ma-yarz adj. worth-
less (person) tfj // sg£.he(k''ma-yar'zi nf. worth-
lessness [P]

*hatd (col. hed) n.m. head this as a body
'vf' of water kept at a height for taking off
canals from it pref head ; chief jyj^haid'-
kilark n.m. head clerk j'j/Zyhaid-ko'ar'iar n.m.
headquarter H.Q.^ljLfhaid'mss'tar n.m. head-
m&steu/^j+fhaid-mis'tarais n.f. headmistress
[ £ ]

j ffhi’ra n.m. diamond gem; jewel
^ 1 hi' ra adami n.m. gem ; jewel of a man cfjy,
ht'ra man n.m. (legendary name for) parrot X/ y
ff hi’ re ki ka'nl N.F. diamond particle '

.£ /4 \ fhe en pke'rl n.f. returning some-
Y/sz/Z* thing after buying or fetching it
wangling trick y^fther’ pier n.f. change

trick wangling h’/y^rfher' pier kar'na

v.i. wangle defraud & \(f/£Siher' pier ki
bat' n.f. something said with “the tongue tn
the cheek fraud deceit
9 jthi’ro n.m. hero^J^jr Hltau' in (ped. hi'ro'in)
y/Z^ n.f. heroin [E]

# jfhYroo iyfiht’roo n.m. a kind ofsongsungin
‘Diwali’ festival

iy*her'm n.m. (dial.) baby’s impatience or
\/Z l pining while missing someone \dj'l)yf,hcr'va
kar'na x. i. (of baby) be impatient or pine on
missing (someone)
ysh K «... eunuch [P]

A, he'zam n.f. firewood faggot
yZ l he'zamrfirosh’ n.m. firewood dealer
he' r.am-kash n.m. wood-cutter [P]

• * /t hai'zah n.m. cholera QAyrfhai'zah pkaur.a
HT^v.i. (of cholera) break out tcXdiyliai'zah
kar'na v.i. suffer from cholera l 'yjtfhai'zah ho' ns
v.i. suffer from cholera < / aSi£hai'ze ka tl'kuk
n.m. cholera inoculation i&jZi/oSZha i'ze ka
ti' kah laguna v.t. inoculate against cholera [A i
jf/^hui'kar adj. strong ; robust (/"Csi&hai'kar
mustu'man hector ; bully ift&hfrika'rl n.f.
oppression bullying
hai’kari jata'na (or kar'na or ki le'na) v.t.
oppress bully

\£*hm'kal n.f. temple oracle body
C/** * shape of body ; figure neckband necklace

made of coins

iiyhi'la n.m. push work hi' la

de’na (or mar'na ) v.t. push
| ~Jyfhail'tft (col. hel'tfi) health^t^f hail'th af'sar
n.m. Health Officer *d^ji,j£i$haillk dipart'-
matt n.m. Health department 4rtfe-4t*pub' tik
hail’tk n.f. public health [E]

magic a branch of black

i Vfii 'miya n.f.

IT*' art

what why
oh oh no
weak inferior

oh Uijihai.

worthle,

ftham int.
hain' int.

^ythi'na ADJ.

^yrhaihd n.m. hand ^jp/haiii'di adj. handy JXy
haihdal n.m. handle V/J&l halt' dal kar'na v.t
handle tackle [E]

I fijjhUg n.f. assafoetida king laga

kar rakk'na (iron.) v.T. Jie'ep safe ; set apart
hlng hag'na v.i. suffer from dysenter
peak and pine

Ji U* (or Ujtfhayoo'la n.m. amorphous substance
0* shapeless substance ; object devoid of
form [A]

t£',haihat' int. (poet.) alas '(rare)
'Zj away [A]

-tht’-hi n.f. ^ silly laughter sound of
(jlijt laughter J* J* cf,tflhi'-hi tki'-thi n.f.
silly^laughter joyous but purposeless life (fltf,
iki'-thi kar'na v.i. lead such life
laugh in a silly manner [oxo.]

&M ha '' 'at n.f. astronomy form figure
** appearance body organization
jfolllhai' 'nt-ul-aflak' n.f. form of heavens
(rare) astronomy hai" at*e as'li n.f. original
form CkS*xZ^i/hai"at pa'karnu v.i. take shape
hai" at"e ha kimah n.f. governing

2 £

684

body authority form of government
hai"at~dan (or dali) n.m. astronomer
hai"at-e kaza’’t (col hai'at ' kaza”l) h.t
present form or state despicable looks
ludicrous appearance (A)
kxkmc

SnaacKacil

^hami z a thirty-fifth letter of Urdu alphabet used
either for giving a jerk to the tongue in pro-
nunciation or just as a carrier for a short vowel ;
n this letter case, it is equivalent to the carrier
} In Urdu it never occupies the initial position;
instead the initial is termed hamza by Arab
grammarians and their followers. No Urdu word
begins with this letter [A]

NtSSOKSQi

.ye thirty-sixth letter of Urdu alphabet
having a consonantal value equivalent to
English y as a vowel it is usually written as fj
when standing alone or in final position and is
Crti'ed ejiho'xiye as a diphthing or open vowel
it is written as<£_in such positions and is called
ba'rlye omega (in jummal reckoning)

10 ; r A )

| ya n.f. Arabic name for t)yf.<L~-lya'-i mnjhool
jl n.f. this representing the ay sound in the Eng-
lish word ' day’ Cfjf’tLlyn' -c ma'roof n.f this
representing the et sound

*1 ya conj. or eithet l .. t ya.--.ys conj.
m either... or (P] ,

f ya int. oh ; O you JZ/lly? allah’ int.

I good God my God
. jab sup. finding ; discovering receiving

getting gaining •jJ^yabih'dah n.m.
payee recipient one "who finds i}Jzy*'bii
sup. ; finding ; discovering receiving ;
getting gaining [A ~(/?l find]

Ij^yn'bis adj. dry (A ~

ji'ja'bco n.m. (rare.) pony ; nag

ft **

I*, ynl'ra n.f. (dial.) pilgrimage to Hindu
•/ shrine [8)

— jajooj' majooj' n.m. Cog and Magog

[A~HJ

i yad n.f. memory remembrance
recollection reminiscence retrospect
commemoration f I jlyad' aim v.t come to
mind be recollected ; be recalled (Jjjtjly ad' ■
a vari n.f remembrance Jin jlyad' al'lah n.f.
form of salutation between mendicants, etc
acquaintance (long-standing) relationsfi/ji
ya'd-e ayyam' n.m. ©Id memories memory
of days gone by int. welladayts^^jlj’arf'-rfiir/i /
N.F. memory memorandum note , aide-
memoire lj) j jlyad' dila na v.t. remind re-

fresh someone’s memory jljjlyad-dehs'ni n.f.
remindering reminder liJj jlyad' rakh'na v.t

keep in mind remember C-jjlyad' rail.'na
v.i. be remembered be borne in mind Cy.jl
yad' par'na v.i, 5 come to mind be recalled
l^O'jiJS'dash ba-khair' pht (for a dienshcd
object" recalled) may be (etc.) live in peace t-ljjl
yad' forma' na v.t. remember think (of)

send (for) I’Jjl yad' kar'na v.t. learn b>
heart ; learn by rote ; memorize ; commit to
memory remember think (of) send (for)
jtfjl yud-gar’ n.f. memorial monument

keepsake souvenir adj. worth remembering
tfjlyad-ga'r-e zamn'nah adj. memorable

peerless tfjtfjlyad-gn'ti adj. memorable

commemorative ; commemoration
yad-ga'ri ti’kat n.m. commemoration stamp Ifrjj,
yad’ ho' na v.i. be remembered be commit-

ted to memory ; be memorized ; be ®leamt by
heart be borne in mind fylfot?

turn' hefi yad' ho ke nayad' ho ph. perhaps you may
able to recall it

| jar n.m. {pi.. jUlja'TBli) friend com-
sZ, panion (rare) supporter (vul.) para-
mour ylj^yar ash'na n.m. acquaintance •
paramour n.m. pl. friends and acquaintances
J'ljlyar' bash adj. friendly sociable
jolly ; cordial voluptioxa (f'ljlyar'-ba'sH n.f.

friendliness ; cordiality sociability jolli-
ty ; voluptiousness i Cfj tjar' bona’na v. make
friends with form a friendship jjr jljar-e
jani n.m. fast friend bosom friend &SjjjI
yaf dos’t n.m. pl. friends ; chums l
jar ’ tin dalt soh'bat bd'qi PH. hope lasts with
life we will meet again if death gives a respite
J?ti!bCil ja'r-e sha'tir ph. clever friend wise

friend^, l >J>&jlya'r- sha’tir na {ke) bir-t
khz' Hr ph. a wise friend and no bor cjltslyar’-t
gh ar’ n.m. Hazrat Abu Bakr as the Prophet’s

companion of the cave during the exodus from
Mecca sincere friend fast friend Jjjiyaf

685

IA

log n.m. pl. friends people
t^lyar' log (bat') le i're ph. people made it a
town talk mar adj. (one) who betrays
a friend Jjljiyar-ma'ri n.f. betrayal of a friend
VflSjljl yw m'ri ker'na v.t. betray one’s
friend^! ftfaZJiSajjl yv‘ no jo oaq't par kam a't
prov. a friend in need is a friend indeed C^y’d 1 -/}'.
yara'n-t sa'r-t pul n.m. PL. chance acquain-
tance people who happen to meet on the way
jL b£)bt> yi'roil ks y»r N.m. a friend to friends
very good friends companionable person
*Ay&ri'nah, n.m. friendship adj. friendly adj.
in a friendly manner Uaf'&l/Lyara'nab gafith'na
v.t. form a friendship become friends with
[fjL yari n.f. friendship help ; assistance ;
support tyj^/jiyari de'na v.t. help ; support tfjl
'ti kut' kar’rta v.t. (of children) snap
friendly ties lj%dlS(fjlya ri kut' ho'na v.t. (of
children’s friendship) end [P]
w 'ra n.m. strength I'jfshf^^-jlyara 'e zabl '
~na ho'na v.t. be unable to control or resist [P]
« . yaz'dah adj. & n.m. eleven {fjjlyaz'dahum
adj. eleventh [PJ

y'yasN.T. despair despondence frus-
,, tration chagrin [A]

vasamtn', ^ Lyas'mih. yf'i
•* iiyasaman n.f. jasmine ; jessa-
mine [A~P]

j^/>. (abo (yi^yasin' n.m. name of a chapter
Jj of-thc Holy Quran recited especially at
deathbed to facilitate someone's death appda
tion of the Holy Prophet ; chief
recite this chapter at someone’s deathbed |Ai
(JVjaf'l n.f. gain ; profit perquisite
„ income earnings accessibility
na-yaf't n.f. lack of profit inaccessibility
ZSbyaf'tah' n.f. got ; receive found dis-
covered^ Lyaf’tanl adj. due n.f dues [P ~ </ , <-
ftnd]

yMool’ n.m. (pl. cJipavaqii') ruby cJcj't
S*yaqoot'-lab adj. ruby-iipped
yaquo’t-f rummanl n.m. garnet (jjlyaqoo'ti adj!”
ruby-red n.m. garnet ; electuary [A J
jfcyrt n.m. yak l Tibetan)

Ji

yal N.F. (same as JtlN.F. •*)

jj^yafi A»v (poet.) here [ ~^U;cont .1
•< ya na n.m. a mere child

It

1'var n.m. helping adj. helping ifjAya' oar%

i ya vi

n.f. help ; support !>*(£/ jlyu'etm kar'riii V t
( of fate) help [P]

0 .

nonsense

lya'vah adj. silly ; absurd
•Lvain ; futile f oAy a oa- go adj. & n.m. (one)
who talks nonsense ; babbler ; chatterer^/* jt.
ya‘va-go”i n.f. babble silly talk nonsense

l\/(j/ffybya'va-go”i kar’na v.t. babble
talk nonsense

l£t*4y*boo’sal n.f. dryness costiveness [A]

'sfiyata’ma n.m. (pl. of ^f^N.M. if)

^ *♦ < „

j£yatim’ n.m. (PL./jlsyala’ma) orphan adj.

j** fatherless (child) matchless ; peerless

yls^y-yatim'-kha'nah n.m. orphanage du(r)‘r t
yalim' n.m. peerless pearl £ tyali'ml n.f. orphan-
hood ; orphanage
♦

i^yjyas’rab n.m. Medinah
!/*•

j,j)/y a 'j UT ved N * m • one of tlie four Hindu
» ^"scriptures ; Yajur Veda [S]

^yah'ya n.m. John ; John the baptist IA~H>)

V yokh n.f. ice adj. very cold ZJ'gyakh-bas' tah
(y adj. frozen (^fj^yakh'-dan n.m. ice-box
icather box [P]

• J^yakh’ni n.f. soup

y ** pakana (or lay' yar kar'na ) v.t prepare

soup | P)

yad n.m. (pl .tfMai'di, (fjllaya'di) hand Jjilj.
—yad-ullah’ n.m. the hand of God ; God’s pro-
tection L>4Sj,ya'd-e baiza' n.m. luminous hand
(as the miracle of Moses) ft^Aya'd-e too' la n.m.
skill : dexterity Cefj ya'd-t too’ la rokk'na
v.z. have great skill (in) (A)

J&yudh. n.m. battle (S)

—A.yoraq' n.m. arms accoutrements iAjjU
sa'z- 0 -yaraq' n.m. equipment for horse and
knight [A]

^J^^yorghamal' n.m. hostage [P]

{$9/ JVBpri n.m. j*undicttjj^[fyyorqaH'~zo\‘ k

C86

adj. jaundiced [A]

H • .yofdafi n.m. God (rare) Zoroastrian
^ god of goodness and light (as opposed to
n.m. ★) j bj'y^zdatii adj. divine godly
(person) [P] -

ya'zak^x. m. army scouts group [TJ

• yaod' n.m. the second Omayyad caliph
V'C.during whose regime the tragedy of Kerbala
took place ; Yezid ungodly tyrant
yazldiy'yat n.f. ungodliness and oppression [A]
i jyassr' n.m. left hand left wing (of
••army) ADJ. lc(t jUj^yami'n-o-yasar' n-M.
(see under t^N.M. if) [A]

^^jyasa’vul n.m. herald [T]

\yus’r n.m. affluence ; easy circumstances ease

*y^.yas\r' adj. little easy [A]
^yjyasoo 1 ' n.m. Jesusj5-^yasoo''i n.m. & adj.
U** Jesuit [A]

^Jyyash'b n.m. agate jasper IP]

• ' **

, > iya'soob' n.m. queen bee [A]

»>'»• ^

i~J~iya‘qoob' n.m. Jacob L r'S^^Jgir'ya-e yf qoob'

^***ph. Jacob’s wailing [A~H]

* mi jia'nl adj. that is to say ; namely ; videlicet ;
0**‘v iz.’ [A he means]

i 'mi yagh'ma booty; spoils plunder; pillage
"** l^&tfkhan-eyagb ma n.m. feast at which
booty is divided Jlcya^h’ma-gar n.m.

plunderer Q sweetheart $1 jfyaghma’i n.m.
plunderer adj. plundered (T)

•\yaq\ri n.m. belief faith confidence
trust assurance certainty definite-
ness '* positivencss unequivocal terms
yaqi'nan adv. indeed certainly Verify
as a matter of fact . definitely positively
(j^Zyaqi'nl adj. certain definite positive
convincing \s? yaqi'ni suboot' n.m.

convincing proof definite proof [A] ,

ADJ- one single a ; an
** jtf-ya/c tins' r-o--ad himar' prcv. one post
and lots of candidates ‘^feya'ks-yak adv.
suddenly ; all of a sudden ^ j i^yak-ba ragi adv.
suddenly ; all of a sudden , at once with

one supreme effort all together tyjjjfLi^Cyak'
ba'm-o-do hava prov. application of different sets
of rules to identical cases Z^^Uyak-pudi' tah adj.
(paper) tXyCyak’ ba-yak' adv. suddenly ; all of
a sudden £fyak-ta adj. singular ; unique
incomparable $ Lfyak-ta'^i N.F. uniqueness \jO-.
yak-ta'ra n.m (arch.) single stringed gustar
kind of fine muslin tfCyak-ja adv. together
in one place \£yak-ja n l N.F. being to-
gether intercourse^!^ adj. & adv.

well-mixed t-fljijJi^le'ijCyakjan' do qs’lab ph. inti-
mate friends {fjpuCyak-jad'di adj. collateral
^f^Cyak-je'hati n.f- unanimity ^accord ;
agreemen. singleness of purpose ^ftiXyak-

ch.as]i'm adj. blind of one eye
yak' dar gi'r-o-moh'kam glr ph. stick to one
thing a rolling stone gathers, no moss (f'it-X
yak-das' li n.f. name of a wrestling trick jy£yak'-
di'gar pron. one another ; each other Jjfyak-
dil' adj. unanimous agreed (on) acting
in union (jj^yak-di'lt n.f. unanimity
accords ; agreement acting in unison < jlSyak -
ran' adj. & n.m. (rare) thoroughbred (horse)
yak-ra'khah onesided partial single-
phased j^£yak-ru'U}ii N.F. partiality
(arch.) kind of bow adj. (also i~&£yak-rafig')
adj. of one colour uniform sincere
devoted to one purpose J’sfyak-ran'gi n.f.
being of one colour uniformity sincerity
devoted to one purpose tjjt^yak-ro' zoh adj.
just for a day ephemeral ; transitory
transient clbj^Xyak-zubah' (or zuban') ADJ. un-
animous fir /.it jUCyak-zdban ho kar adv. with
one voice (speak) all together ah' adj.

uniform like ; alike similar conform-
able even ; level ; plain adv. alike in
the same manner uniformity yak'ss'tu
prop, though ungrammatical Cr^l^yaksaniy’yat
n.f. uniformity sameness being level
conformity jU^yak-sar’ adv. entirely all
together j^fyak-soo' adj. lying on one side
settled ; peaceful undisturbed attentive
^~~fyak-soo'’l n.f. full attention peace of
mind devotion ^J^yak-sham' bah. n.m Sunday
juj/yak-sad adj. one hundred y Uil-iil ti ifah

607

UL

(ccl. • tarfah ) adj. partial *ex-parte'
(decision, decree, etc.) ^ t-X'yak-qa'lam adv.
entirely all together ; all at once cu^^Cyak-
lahk't ad v. suddenly ; all of a ■ suddem^'CfS'^-
miish't adv (of payment) in lump sum (,

yak' man ‘il'm ra dah' man ‘aq'l bn'jad
prov. knowledge needs a lot of wisdom for its
application J^u-^aA-man'ifr/a/) adj. one-
storeyed ; single-storied single-decker (bus,
etc.) Xs33Ash i-Xyak' na thud do' shud prov. one

misfortune on the heels of another IP]

*

ya'kum n.f. first of the month ( ~P prec.)

t-

Syak'kah adj. one solitary unique
/•£ n.m. ace (at cards) (same as J\ n.f.)
a kind of dog-cart ; one-horse shayjt rj'yak’ka-
laz adj. (one) who fights alone brave :
valiartt [yj J*yak’ ka-o-tanha adj. & adv. all
alone eXL-yake n.m. someone t^fj^J-ya'ke
ba' d-c dl'gare ph. one after the other in
quick succession [ ~ P 1
gAjPyagari gat n.f. kindred [ ~ )

• X'ya&a'nah adj. peerless ; unmatched ; un-
"Z parallelled ; incomparable singular

unique (rare) kindred tf&yaga'nagt n.f. (rare)
uniqueness peesleisness kindred [P]
(rare) hero [P]

/ . yalda n.m. winter’s longest night adj. dark
(night) !Xyy / shab-e yaldtf N.F. long dark
night [A]

y , yil'di rim (or yal'daram'* n.m. (rare) lightning

Ki i]

• yalghsr n.f. uiroad ; incursion forced
march (of army) [PJ

• / yam n.m. sea; ocean (i*(f.yam' ba-yam ph.
p* from sea to sea all over the oceans [P]

yam n.m. (H. myth.) God of Hades &jjjyam.
doot' n.m. (H. myth.) angel of death [S]
j ya'man n . m . the Yemen; south-western corner
Cr * ** of Arabia famed for its shawls, ruby and

zon\e\i 3 in^/ l y^' < a<fi'q-e ya’man n.m. Yemenite
cornelian yanmt n.m. Yemenite ruby
tf^yama'ni, i/yama'ni adj. Yemenite JU;-''.
bar'd-e yomarii n.f. Yemenite shawl [A]
lyUmn n.m. good luck; felicity cf/jfjf.yumn.o
*'~ba'rakal n.m felicity and blessing [A)

Uyamxri! n.m. oath right hand right
" / ****wing (of army) adj. & adv. right jlXjctf--
yami'n o-yasar' n.m. right and left wings (of
army right and left hand adj. & adv. right
and left [A]

j yoo'rap n.m. Europ etjj^jjyop'rap zo'dah
„ adj. Europeanized J')j^ J jyoo'rap‘Z<idagi
N.F. Europeanization djjyoo'rapl adj. European
i&JL yoo'rapin (coll, yoor'pin) adj. European
n.m. European Europeanized person
_ j yuvraj (ped. yu'varaj) n.m. (dial.) crown
6^-f. prince [S]

^ i yoo'-ais-e n.m. U.S.A. ; the United
f "{s.r.. States of America ; the States [E]

,j . yoo'-ain,ji^ ( y , j.yyoo'-ain-o n.m- U N. ;
U.N.O.; United Nations; United Nations
Organiza! -oji [E]

^yyoo'-ke n.m. U.K. ; United Kingdom [EJ
.yoorish (ped. yit'risji) n.f. invasion [TJ

UJJ~

,,y°°'sjf n.m. Joseph (j filial yoo'suf-e ss'ni
J n.m. very beautiful person; another Joseph
[A ~*H]

y yaum n.m. (pl. IJ ayyatri) day (rare)
[■£ battle t r'L~^lf'jyau'm-sl-bif<ib’ n.m. the day of
reckoning ; the day of jvdgmcnty^ifjkyaum-ul-
bash'r n.m. day of resurrection ty \j yau'man
fa-yau'man adj. day-to-day adv. from day to day
yaumiy'yah adj. daily n.m. daily wages
daily allowance [A]

, yoofi ADV. thus ; in this mannerly yoofr -ki
adv. thus ; in this manner by chance ;
accidentally ; casually unintentionally
cursorily easily causelessly ; withouFrh -me

or reason without yielding anything J* bk I ki'si nt no poo' Aka tStnha're mm men ka

yooifhl sa hi ph. well will be seen you will daht’ hain p h. nobody cared a hang for him
get a tit for tat (etc.) no one ever looked to his (etc.) interest.-;

-yJ— ' Greece i Hellas j l Jyoona'm or comforts j M W#

O hN.1I, Greek indigenous system of Aark'tl na'zfti na'hit a'ft ph. it appears difficu)
medicine based on ancient Greek science adj. G f achievement b-ejbfje' ja vo' ja ph . b

Greek ; Hellenic indigenous (meoicine, etc.) W cnt away be disappeared he left every-
j O^tib'b-e yoong'a n.f. indigenous system one j, ^ y mm mt k

of medicine U'jCjyoona'tH tabib' n.m. physi- dal PROV caviare to the general ,yw»(etc.>
cian practising indigenous system of medicine do not deserve it v

(A ~.G Gonia] naskah' na'hihji'se tur'M star' it ph. it is nc

yoonMs n.m. Jonah easy to grow out of this habit this enthusiast.

, • s Xa > • • -l cannot abate yt'ti adj. this very

yoo Ktyoit n.f. union yoo niyan jaik v - J j

dji N.m. Union Jack fj^dyoo'niyan kome'fi VCTy one “ 1**™* ^

n.f. union committee >£j yoo' niyan kmn'sal *** ADV * 1 * t h cr at ( our J

n.f. union council joy tartf yoo' niyan n.f. ** in (our) country etc. t^>a ban

trade umonui>y yoo' mam\ n.m. trade la * U P to P lacc for

unionist tarrd' yoo' niyan taitpik hitherto to this degree l^ytf han se adv

n.f. trade unionism trade union move- hence ; from this place ^j^jt^ya'hah kahih ao\

even thi:

mcnt [E]

yootavaras'p (ped. yoo'iA var'siH) uni-
Y varsity [E]

t vi yoo’ moor sat adj. universal ; working
m both A.C. and D.C. currents
^ yth adj. this these pron. he she
** it they n.m. my husband n.f. my wife d/'jf*

somewhere here hereabouts
yahoo' A n m. (pl. jjrf yakood') Jew^Za»)>s*
** yahoo' d-o-nasa'ra n.m. pl. Jews
^ye’hi kdj (see under adj. ^)

-y y o' hit adv. here in (his very place*/*;

' ** ** U^f y a '^k ka'hih adv. hereabouts u

4 $.£,tye bki ko"i bai hoi ph. that is absurd . this place somewhere here

it is unacceptable -it is not plausible that is u. yilsg' n.m. (PL^fap-' vilavat) (arch.) summa

nothing resort (T)

THE END

IsMf. - ^ 5 ^

cio vn- ■ jv

l^hetidci- - J>t

Gfcw*

(jM-djlSHSlvt - J’l l l

Cuw^ -^W-> - ^

G)ir\^Q7i_ ' Jd^

MttdazJ ^>- u ^

$t,U>nQg ~

c

ADVANCED TWENTY FIRST English into English
CENTURY DICTIONARY and Urdu

<

r ft ♦ • ♦ jtttfill J)tX> P6 * *f 4 g/L j \}'s£

Xdj. <SMa 4 <3U*lA/*c- L QmV

20x30/8 V\s 928 d#'

STANDARD TWENTY FIRST Urdu into English

CENTURY DICTIONARY English into English

and Urdu

jjujAj)! fcj'dbl i

20x30, 8 -;V 696 * r

CONCISE TWENTIETH English Into English

CENTURY DICTIONARY and Urdu

Jjf’ 6c. zJfcfWJi-/’ 1

20x30/1 6 'sb 578 ctH

CONCISE TWENTIETH Urdu intoEriglish

CENTURY DICTIONARY

- 4-4 jmu

20x30/16 720 : cJt 0

GEM POCKET TWENTIETH English into English
CENTURY DICTIONARY f" d Urdu

Jlr = "l .i-'U jf ~ i

20x30/32 yV 480

£$11*174

20x30/32 y'U 496 c.^

• ijyo u/j 5 ?' (>n<jjyif^ii£ V‘ • w^- '■

) (/Hr*! l/c, fT * l/44 il;l/i i/viv So$f

-»^l£TU

;^}lc.l«lAc.lLl^t^jj f ./j§iij >"?«

c-Ur" 1 ® ^ 4 6* , bL*^bvM-J if
< (C J\s£- &>]/*{£ lllylf (3u*i £$l 4 Jy^l

23x36/8 yV 2372 .clT (J^u»>«)

ja

23x36/16 y%- 292 cb^

effjjt j** 4 £$i JjU> wp o$ i/i

20x30/16 yV 726c.tr’

Ju*lf-4.c.LlVloH'3^*l}jl‘U^Jl^l/lw/ i «c.L3V>£$l

20x30/8 yV 1480 c. IT'

4 * ^

fjtUC^c_c.Wt jft(^>5c/y / r >> JcJUti^bs^

1.8x23/16 yl. 480 c.1/"

EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING HOUSE

3108, VAKIL STREET, KUCHA PANDIT, LAL KUAN, ELHI-6 (INDIA)